Relevant bibliographies by topics / Vowel variation

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Academic literature on the topic 'Vowel variation'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Vowel variation"

1

Ronquest, Rebecca. "Stylistic Variation in Heritage Spanish Vowel Production." Heritage Language Journal 13, no. 2 (August 31, 2016): 275–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.46538/hlj.13.2.9.

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While recent studies of Spanish vowels produced by heritage speakers of Spanish (HSS) have revealed important differences in acoustic distribution and unstressed vowel reduction in comparison to monolingual norms (Alvord & Rogers, 2014; Boomershine, 2012; Ronquest, 2013; Willis, 2005), the influence of speech style on vowels produced by HSS remains relatively unexplored. Previous research examining stylistic variation in monolingual and bilingual varieties of Spanish report vowel space expansion in controlled speech relative to spontaneous speech (Alvord & Rogers, 2014; Harmegnies & Poch-Olivé, 1992; Poch-Olivé, Harmegnies, & Martín Butragueño, 2008) and increased vowel duration (Bradlow, 2002), although many of these studies included a small number of participants or did not examine the entire vowel system. The present investigation extends previous research by including a larger number of speakers and three novel tasks, as well as examining the effects of style on both quality and duration throughout the system as a whole. Acoustic and statistical analyses confirmed an overall vowel space expansion effect in controlled speech similar to that reported in previous studies, although not all vowels varied equally and along the same dimensions. Furthermore, vowel duration exhibited less variation than expected and was limited to the lowest vowels, suggesting that vowel quality and duration may be affected independently of one another. Combined, the general results not only reveal that speech style has a similar impact on vowels produced by HSS and other bilingual and monolingual populations, but also emphasize the importance of analyzing the entire vowel system on multiple dimensions.
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Hasan, Aveen Mohammed, and Rebeen Abdulrahman Rasheed. "Glide Insertion And Dialectal Variation In Kurdish." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 14 (May 29, 2016): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n14p289.

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One of the strategies used as a hiatus resolution is glide insertion. Previous Kurdish phonological works involve only a description of glide insertion in one dialect neglecting the segmental context. This study provides an analysis of glide insertion in word-medial vowel clusters in Kurdish and it is the first attempt to analyse the effects of dialect and segmental context. The speech material includes a set of words consisting of a stem plus a suffix with different vowel sequences at their boundaries. It is produced by four native speakers from four Kurdish speaking areas. The data analysis involves word transcription, their segmentation and the comparison of vowel sequences within and across the subdialects. The results indicate that glide insertion is not the only strategy used as word medial hiatus resolution, but it depends on the segmental context and dialect. Generally, the vowel hiatus is resolved by /j/ insertion. Vowel deletion is also used obligatorily in some segmental contexts when the second vowel in a sequence is /i/ and also when there are identical vowels in a sequences. Dialectal variations are observed in some vowel sequences in which /j/ insertion and vowel deletion both are used and when the first vowels in the sequence are the high back vowels in that /j/ and /w/ insertions are used. The findings suggests that /j/ insertion is the default strategy to resolve word-medial vowel clusters in Kurdish, the insertion of /w/ or vowel deletion are other strategies which are limited to some dialects and vowel sequences.
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Wassink, Alicia Beckford. "Theme and variation in Jamaican vowels." Language Variation and Change 13, no. 2 (July 2001): 135–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954394501132023.

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Reporting the results of an instrumental acoustic examination of the vowel systems of ten Jamaican Creole (or basilect-) dominant and nine Jamaican English (or acrolect-) dominant speakers, this article links phonetic features with sociolinguistic factors. The nature and relative role of vowel quantity and quality differences in phonemic contrast are considered. The question of whether contrastive length operates in speakers' phonological systems is addressed by comparison of spectral and temporal features. Intraspeaker variation in vowel quality is found to play an important role in stylistic variation, demonstrating the complexity of variation in Jamaican varieties. The complex vowel quality (spectral) and quantity (temporal) relations reported here extend our understanding of the spectral and temporal characteristics of vowels involved in phonological contrasts in Jamaican varieties, the range of phonetic variation to be found within a postcreole continuum, and the interaction of phonetic factors in the expression of stylistic variation.
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Berns, Janine. "Low vowel variation in three French-speaking countries." Canadian Journal of Linguistics/Revue canadienne de linguistique 64, no. 1 (September 7, 2018): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cnj.2018.23.

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AbstractIt is commonly noted that standard French is losing the contrast between its two low vowels /a/ and /ɑ/, due to the fronting of the back vowel. The difference in length, which accompanied the qualitative difference of this pair, is affected as well. In mainland France, this tendency can be found to various degrees across the country, and is spreading throughout the speech community. This article further develops the picture of the current status of the low vowel contrast by investigating Belgian and Swiss French, where length is known to play overall a far more prominent role in the vowel inventories than it does in standard French. Are Belgian and Swiss French also affected by the merger of the two low vowels? To what extent can a difference in length and/or timbre still be found? And how do the patterns of contrast neutralisation/preservation relate to the developments in France?
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Barreda, Santiago. "Perceptual validation of vowel normalization methods for variationist research." Language Variation and Change 33, no. 1 (March 2021): 27–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954394521000016.

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AbstractThe evaluation of normalization methods sometimes focuses on the maximization of vowel-space similarity. This focus can lead to the adoption of methods that erase legitimate phonetic variation from our data, that is, overnormalization. First, a production corpus is presented that highlights three types of variation in formant patterns: uniform scaling, nonuniform scaling, and centralization. Then the results of two perceptual experiments are presented, both suggesting that listeners tend to ignore variation according to uniform scaling, while associating nonuniform scaling and centralization with phonetic differences. Overall, results suggest that normalization methods that remove variation not according to uniform scaling can remove legitimate phonetic variation from vowel formant data. As a result, although these methods can provide more similar vowel spaces, they do so by erasing phonetic variation from vowel data that may be socially and linguistically meaningful, including a potential male-female difference in the low vowels in our corpus.
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Muehlbauer, Jeffrey. "Vowel spaces in Plains Cree." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 42, no. 1 (March 12, 2012): 91–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100311000302.

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This paper presents a pilot study of the acoustic correlates of the Plains Cree vowel system. Naturalistic recordings of speakers of mid-20th-century Plains Cree, including one monolingual speaker, provide an empirical test for the general expectations from phonological descriptions. The results demonstrate that, while the hypothesized short/long vowel pairs do indeed have a strong durational contrast, the majority of vowel pairs are also distinguished by their formants. In all cases, the long vowel occupies a more extreme position in the vowel space. Plains Cree thus appears to show both a quantity and a quality contrast in its vowel pairs. The individual speaker data are then normalized to test whether there is intra-speaker variation in these results, with the results showing variation in the relation between vowels in all three parts of the vowel space.
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Koenig, Laura L., and Susanne Fuchs. "Vowel Formants in Normal and Loud Speech." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 62, no. 5 (May 21, 2019): 1278–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_jslhr-s-18-0043.

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Purpose This study evaluated how 1st and 2nd vowel formant frequencies (F1, F2) differ between normal and loud speech in multiple speaking tasks to assess claims that loudness leads to exaggerated vowel articulation. Method Eleven healthy German-speaking women produced normal and loud speech in 3 tasks that varied in the degree of spontaneity: reading sentences that contained isolated /i: a: u:/, responding to questions that included target words with controlled consonantal contexts but varying vowel qualities, and a recipe recall task. Loudness variation was elicited naturalistically by changing interlocutor distance. First and 2nd formant frequencies and average sound pressure level were obtained from the stressed vowels in the target words, and vowel space area was calculated from /i: a: u:/. Results Comparisons across many vowels indicated that high, tense vowels showed limited formant variation as a function of loudness. Analysis of /i: a: u:/ across speech tasks revealed vowel space reduction in the recipe retell task compared to the other 2. Loudness changes for F1 were consistent in direction but variable in extent, with few significant results for high tense vowels. Results for F2 were quite varied and frequently not significant. Speakers differed in how loudness and task affected formant values. Finally, correlations between sound pressure level and F1 were generally positive but varied in magnitude across vowels, with the high tense vowels showing very flat slopes. Discussion These data indicate that naturalistically elicited loud speech in typical speakers does not always lead to changes in vowel formant frequencies and call into question the notion that increasing loudness is necessarily an automatic method of expanding the vowel space. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.8061740
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Perkell, Joseph, Majid Zandipour, Satrajit Ghosh, Lucie Menard, Harlan Lane, Mark Tiede, and Frank Guenther. "Variation in vowel production." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 120, no. 5 (November 2006): 3293–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4777888.

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Tse, Holman. "Variation and change in Toronto heritage Cantonese." Asia-Pacific Language Variation 2, no. 2 (December 31, 2016): 124–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aplv.2.2.02tse.

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Abstract This paper presents the first sociophonetic study of Cantonese vowels using sociolinguistic interview data from the Heritage Language Variation and Change in Toronto Corpus. It focuses on four allophones [iː], [ɪk/ɪŋ], [uː], and [ʊk/ʊŋ] of two contrastive vowels /iː/ and /uː/ across two generations of speakers. The F1 and F2 of 30 vowel tokens were analyzed for these four allophones from each of 20 speakers (N = 600 vowel tokens). Results show inter-generational maintenance of allophonic conditioning for /iː/ and /uː/ as well as an interaction between generation and sex such that second-generation female speakers have the most retracted variants of [ɪk/ɪŋ] and the most fronted variants of [iː]. This paper will discuss three possible explanations based on internal motivation, phonetic assimilation, and phonological influence. This will illustrate the importance of multiple comparisons (including inter-generational, cross-linguistic, and cross-community) in the relatively new field of heritage language phonology research.
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Nekrasova, Galina Alexandrovna. "VARIATION OF CASE SUFFIXES IN THE MODERN UDMURT LANGUAGE." Yearbook of Finno-Ugric Studies 14, no. 1 (March 27, 2020): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2224-9443-2020-14-1-25-33.

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The paper deals with variable case suffixes having double vowel, differing by the presence/absence of a coaffix - ла and the presence/absence of an anlaut vowel. On the material of the Udmurt language Corpus the quantitative ratio of variable suffixes is revealed and the conditions of functioning of non-standard suffixes in the modern Udmurt language are analyzed. Suffixes that differ in vowels have instrumental, prolative and illative. Comparison of the degree of variation of suffixes showed that in the modern Udmurt language the process of unification of instrumental vocalization continues. The number of nouns accepting the instrumental exponent only with the vowel ы decreases; in parallel, the number of nouns admitting the suffix with double vowel and only with the vowel э increases. The variable suffixes of prolative and illative allow separate nouns with a variable root morpheme, which is represented by allomorphs differing by the presence/absence of a vowel ( кенос/кенс- ‘barn’, сэрег / сэрг- ‘corner’, etc.), and allomorphs differing by the presence/absence of a final consonant к ( кус/куск - ‘loin’, нюлэс/нюлэск - ‘forest’, etc.). Only related root allomorphs accept the suffix with vowel - ы . Variable suffixes, differing by the presence/absence of the coaffix -ла , allow open toponyms in illative ( -ла ~ -e ), inessive ( -лан ~ -ын ), elative ( -лась ~ -ысь ), egressive ( -ласен ~ -ысен ). In the modern Udmurt language, the correlation between variable suffixes is approximately equal, but there is a tendency to displace suffixes with coaffix -ла by standard suffixes. Individual nouns ending in a , ( корка ‘ouse, hut’, куа , куала ‘anctuary; summer kitchen’ кунокуа ‘otel’) in inessive ( -н ~ -ын ), elative ( -сь ~ -ысь ), egressive ( -сен ~ -ысен ) and prolative ( -тü ~ -етü ) allow variable suffixes, differing by the presence/absence of a vowel, illative has a suffix -е and zero morpheme. The degree of variation of suffixes depends on lexical and semantic conditions. Formants without anlaut vowel remain the preferred with the lexeme корка ‘house, hut’. It is established that in the modern Udmurt language the relation between variable forms changes, the sphere of functioning of all types of non-standard suffixes decreases. The variability of suffixes testifies to rather long preservation of proto-linguistic morphonological features and slow intra-linguistic unification of case suffixes.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Vowel variation"

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Weatherholtz, Kodi. "Perceptual learning of systemic cross-category vowel variation." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1429782580.

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Watts, Dominic James Landon. "Variation and change in the vowel system of Tyneside English." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/350.

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This thesis presents a variationist account of phonological variation and change in the vowel system of Tyneside English. The distributions of the phonetic exponents of five vowel variables are assessed with respect to the social variables sex, age and social class. Using a corpus of conversational and word-list material, for which 32 speakers of Tyneside English were recorded, between 30 and 40 tokens per speaker of the variables (i), (u), (e), (o) and (3) were transcribed impressionistically and subclassified by following phonological context. The results of this analysis are significant on several counts. First, the speakers sampled appear to differentiate themselves within the speech community through the variable use of certain socially marked phonetic variants, which can be correlated with the sex, age and class variables. Secondly, the speakers style shift to a greater or lesser degree according to combinations of the three social factors, such that surface variability is reduced as a function of increased formality. Third, the overall pattern among the sample population seems to be one of increasing uniformity or convergence: it is speculated that social mobility among upper working- and lower-middle class groups may lead to accent levelling, whereby local speech forms are supplanted by supra-local or innovative intermediate ones. That is, the patterns observed here may be indicative of change in progress. Last, a comparison of the results for the (phonologically) paired variables (i u) and (e o) shows a strong tendency for Tyneside speakers to use these 'symmetrically', in that choice of variant in one variable predicts choice of variant in the other. It is suggested that the symmetry in the system is exploited by Tyneside speakers for the purposes of indicating social affiliation and identity, and is in this sense an extra sociolinguistic resource upon which speakers can draw. In addition, the variants of (3) are discussed with reference to the reported merger of this variable with (a); it is suggested that the apparent 'unmerging' of these two classes is unproblematic from a structural point of view, as the putative (3)—(o) merger appears never to have been completed.
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Dabkowski, Meghan Frances. "Variable Vowel Reduction in Mexico City Spanish." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1531994893143203.

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Ramos, Adriana Perpétua [UNESP]. "Descrição das vogais postônicas não-finais na variedade do noroeste Paulista." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/91500.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:25:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-09-22Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:32:51Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ramos_ap_me_sjrp.pdf: 2019141 bytes, checksum: df387179f59f00ad3c7cbf4a3bb11b4c (MD5)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
O presente trabalho descreve o comportamento variável das vogais postônicas nãofinais nos nomes na variedade da região de São José do Rio Preto, noroeste do Estado de São Paulo. Neste contexto, observa-se a realização dos processos fonológicos de apagamento das vogais postônicas não-finais e de alçamento das vogais [e] e [o] postônicas não-finais. Neste estudo, verificou-se que há (i) comportamento variável quanto ao processo de apagamento da vogal [o] e [e] postônica não-final (a.bó.b[o].ra ~ a.bó.bra; pê.s[e].go ~ pés.go) e (ii) comportamento variável quanto ao processo de alçamento da vogal [o] e [e] postônica nãofinal (a.bó.b[o].ra ~ a.bó.b[u].ra; pê.s[e].go ~ pê.s[i].go). Em outras palavras, podemos identificar as seguintes possibilidades: (1) abób[o]ra, abób[u]ra, abobra e (2) pêss[e]go, pêss[i]go, pêsgo. Como corpus de pesquisa, são utilizados: (i) dezenove inquéritos de fala espontânea retirados do Banco de Dados IBORUNA, resultado do Projeto ALIP – Amostra Lingüística do Interior Paulista (IBILCE/UNESP – FAPESP 03/08058-6); e (ii) dois experimentos elaborados para a análise de cunho fonológico. A análise é realizada segundo os princípios da Teoria da Variação e Mudança Linguística e das Fonologias não-lineares: Fonologia Métrica, Fonologia da Sílaba e Fonologia Autossegmental. Como um resultado, tem-se que o percentual de aplicação do apagamento das vogais postônicas não-finais é baixo: 8%. Já os percentuais de alçamento da vogal [e] postônica não-final são: (i) 59%, nos dados de fala espontânea; e (ii) 44%, nos dados de fala dirigida. A aplicação do processo de alçamento da vogal [o] postônica não-final apresentou altos índices de aplicação: (i) 62%, nos dados de fala espontânea; e (ii) 92%, nos dados de fala dirigida. Dos resultados estatísticos, obteve-se que as consoantes líquidas...
This work describes the variable behavior of the non-final posttonic vowels in the names in the variety of the region of São José do Rio Preto, northwest of São Paulo State. In this context, there are the phonological processes of: (i) syncope of non-final posttonic vowels; and (ii) raising of the non-final posttonic vowels [e] and [o]. In this work, it is observed that (i) there is a variable behavior in relation to the process of syncope of the nonfinal posttonic vowels [o] and [e] (a.bó.b[o].ra ~ a.bó.bra; pê.s[e].go ~ pés.go) and (ii) there is a variable behavior in relation to the process of vowel raising of the non-final posttonic [o] and [e] (a.bó.b[o].ra ~ a.bó.b[u].ra; pê.s[e].go ~ pê.s[i].go). In other words, two possibilities can be identified: (i) abób[o]ra, abób[u]ra, abobra; and (ii) pêss[e]go, pêss[i]go, pêsgo. The corpus of this research is formed of: (i) nineteen interviews with spontaneous speech samples of the Banco de Dados Iboruna, a result of the ALIP Project - Amostra Lingüística do Interior Paulista (IBILCE/UNESP – FAPESP 03/08058-6); and (ii) two experiments elaborated for the phonological analysis. The analysis is made following the principles of the Theory of Linguistic Variation and Change and the nonlinear phonological models: Metrical Phonology, Syllable Phonology and Autosegmental Phonology. As a result, the percentage of application of the process of syncope in the non-final posttonic vowels is low: 8%. The percentages of vowel raising in the non-final posttonic vowel [e] are: (i) 59%, in the spontaneous speech data; and (ii) 44%, in the directed speech data. The application of the vowel raising of the non-final posttonic vowel [o] had the biggest rates: (i) 62%, in the spontaneous speech data; and (ii) 92%, in the directed speech data. From the statistical results, it is observed that the liquid consonants and the sibilants /s/ and /z/... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Ramos, Adriana Perpétua. "Descrição das vogais postônicas não-finais na variedade do noroeste Paulista /." São José do Rio Preto : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/91500.

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Orientador: Luciani Ester Tenani
Banca: José Sueli Magalhães
Banca: Gladis Massini-Cagliari
Resumo: O presente trabalho descreve o comportamento variável das vogais postônicas nãofinais nos nomes na variedade da região de São José do Rio Preto, noroeste do Estado de São Paulo. Neste contexto, observa-se a realização dos processos fonológicos de apagamento das vogais postônicas não-finais e de alçamento das vogais [e] e [o] postônicas não-finais. Neste estudo, verificou-se que há (i) comportamento variável quanto ao processo de apagamento da vogal [o] e [e] postônica não-final (a.bó.b[o].ra ~ a.bó.bra; pê.s[e].go ~ pés.go) e (ii) comportamento variável quanto ao processo de alçamento da vogal [o] e [e] postônica nãofinal (a.bó.b[o].ra ~ a.bó.b[u].ra; pê.s[e].go ~ pê.s[i].go). Em outras palavras, podemos identificar as seguintes possibilidades: (1) abób[o]ra, abób[u]ra, abobra e (2) pêss[e]go, pêss[i]go, pêsgo. Como corpus de pesquisa, são utilizados: (i) dezenove inquéritos de fala espontânea retirados do Banco de Dados IBORUNA, resultado do Projeto ALIP - Amostra Lingüística do Interior Paulista (IBILCE/UNESP - FAPESP 03/08058-6); e (ii) dois experimentos elaborados para a análise de cunho fonológico. A análise é realizada segundo os princípios da Teoria da Variação e Mudança Linguística e das Fonologias não-lineares: Fonologia Métrica, Fonologia da Sílaba e Fonologia Autossegmental. Como um resultado, tem-se que o percentual de aplicação do apagamento das vogais postônicas não-finais é baixo: 8%. Já os percentuais de alçamento da vogal [e] postônica não-final são: (i) 59%, nos dados de fala espontânea; e (ii) 44%, nos dados de fala dirigida. A aplicação do processo de alçamento da vogal [o] postônica não-final apresentou altos índices de aplicação: (i) 62%, nos dados de fala espontânea; e (ii) 92%, nos dados de fala dirigida. Dos resultados estatísticos, obteve-se que as consoantes líquidas... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: This work describes the variable behavior of the non-final posttonic vowels in the names in the variety of the region of São José do Rio Preto, northwest of São Paulo State. In this context, there are the phonological processes of: (i) syncope of non-final posttonic vowels; and (ii) raising of the non-final posttonic vowels [e] and [o]. In this work, it is observed that (i) there is a variable behavior in relation to the process of syncope of the nonfinal posttonic vowels [o] and [e] (a.bó.b[o].ra ~ a.bó.bra; pê.s[e].go ~ pés.go) and (ii) there is a variable behavior in relation to the process of vowel raising of the non-final posttonic [o] and [e] (a.bó.b[o].ra ~ a.bó.b[u].ra; pê.s[e].go ~ pê.s[i].go). In other words, two possibilities can be identified: (i) abób[o]ra, abób[u]ra, abobra; and (ii) pêss[e]go, pêss[i]go, pêsgo. The corpus of this research is formed of: (i) nineteen interviews with spontaneous speech samples of the Banco de Dados Iboruna, a result of the ALIP Project - Amostra Lingüística do Interior Paulista (IBILCE/UNESP - FAPESP 03/08058-6); and (ii) two experiments elaborated for the phonological analysis. The analysis is made following the principles of the Theory of Linguistic Variation and Change and the nonlinear phonological models: Metrical Phonology, Syllable Phonology and Autosegmental Phonology. As a result, the percentage of application of the process of syncope in the non-final posttonic vowels is low: 8%. The percentages of vowel raising in the non-final posttonic vowel [e] are: (i) 59%, in the spontaneous speech data; and (ii) 44%, in the directed speech data. The application of the vowel raising of the non-final posttonic vowel [o] had the biggest rates: (i) 62%, in the spontaneous speech data; and (ii) 92%, in the directed speech data. From the statistical results, it is observed that the liquid consonants and the sibilants /s/ and /z/... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Durian, David. "A New Perspective on Vowel Variation Across the 19th and 20th Centuries in Columbus, OH." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1356279130.

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Brambila, Tarcisio Oliveira. "Análise variacionista da ditongação como processo de sândi externo na fala de Lages/Santa Catarina." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/131764.

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O fenômeno de sândi vocálico externo apresenta três realizações possíveis: a elisão, a degeminação e a ditongação. Este trabalho tem como proposta analisar o fenômeno de ditongação como processo de resolução de hiato em fronteira de palavras (camisa usada ~ cami[zaw]sada), baseado na amostra da cidade de Lages, em Santa Catarina, incluída no banco de dados do projeto VARSUL (Variação linguística na região sul do Brasil). O embasamento teórico se apoia em Bisol (1996, 2002 e 2005) para a descrição do processo; em Labov (2008) para fundamentos de teoria da variação; além de teorias fonológicas, como Fonologia Prosódica e Fonologia Lexical. Os objetivos específicos são os que seguem: a) identificar, em nossa amostra, fatores linguísticos que possam favorecer ou bloquear a aplicação da ditongação como processo de sândi externo; b) a partir dos resultados obtidos, corroborar ou não resultados de pesquisas já realizadas a respeito deste processo; c) ampliar a compreensão do fenômeno e oferecer subsídios para uma descrição geral do processo do sândi externo e do português falado no sul do Brasil. As hipóteses que procuramos confirmar são as seguintes: a) quanto à tonicidade, o contexto ideal para a aplicação da ditongação é o de atonicidade máxima (casa escura ~ ca[zaj]scura) (conforme Bisol, 1996; Bisol, 2002); b) o contexto interno à frase fonológica é mais favorecedor na aplicação do fenômeno (velho exemplo ~ velh[we]zemplo) (conforme Bisol, 1996). A análise estatística dos dados foi realizada pelo pacote de programas VARBRUL/GoldvarbX. A amostra, constituída de 16 informantes, mostrou, dentre outros fatores, que a ditongação crescente e a ditongação decrescente têm diferentes contextos favorecedores em relação ao acento e à categoria das vogais e têm contextos favorecedores semelhantes em outras variáveis em comum. Para a ditongação, confirmamos nossas hipóteses: a atonicidade máxima e o contexto interior à frase fonológica se mostraram favorecedores. A seleção das variáveis relevantes não foi idêntica para as duas realizações.
The external vowel sandhi phenomenon presents three possible ways of realization: the elision, the degemination and the diphthongization. This work analyzes the diphthongization phenomenon as a gap resolution process in words boundary (camisa usada ~ cami[zaw]sada) based on the sample of the city of Lages, Santa Catarina, included in the project database VARSUL (linguistic variation in southern Brazil). The theoretical basis is Bisol (1996, 2002 and 2005) for the description of the process; Labov (2008) for the variation theory fundamentals; and Brescancini (2005) for variational research methodology. The specific objectives are the following: a) to identify, in our sample, linguistic factors that may favor or block the application of external vowel sandhi processes; b) from the results obtained, to prove or disprove results of previous studies regarding this process; c) to increase the understanding of the phenomenon and provide support for a general description of the process of external sandhi and Portuguese spoken in southern Brazil. The hypotheses we intend to confirm are the following: a) the ideal context for the three external sandhi processes is an unstressed vowel + an unstressed vowel (casa escura ~ ca[zaj]scura) (as Bisol, 1996; Bisol, 2002; Ludwig-Gayer, 2008; Vianna, 2009); b) the internal context to phonological phrase is more favorable to the application of the phenomenon (velho exemplo ~ velh[we]zemplo) (as Bisol, 1996). Statistical analysis of data was performed by VARBRUL / GoldvarbX software. The sample consisted of 16 informants showed that rising diphthongization and decreased diphthongization have different favorable contexts related to stress and vowel category, and they have similar favorable contexts in same variables. Related to diphthongization, we confirmed our hypotheses: the sequence of unstressed vowels and the phonological phrase are favorable to the process. The selection of the variable was not exactly the same for both processes.
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Carmo, Márcia Cristina do [UNESP]. "As vogais médias pretônicas dos verbos na fala culta do interior paulista." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86566.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
O presente trabalho descreve as vogais médias pretônicas dos verbos na região do município de São José do Rio Preto, noroeste do Estado de São Paulo. Algumas dessas vogais sofrem o processo fonológico de alçamento, por meio do qual as vogais médias /e/e/o/ são realizadas, respectivamente, como /i/e /u/, como em d[i]s[i]nvolvendo e c[u]nheço. Como corpus de pesquisa, são utilizadas dezesseis entrevistas do Banco de Dados IBORUNA, resultado do Projeto ALIP – Amostra Lingüística do Interior Paulista (IBILCE/UNESP – FAPESP 03/08058-6). São analisadas amostras de fala espontânea de informantes do sexo feminino que apresentam: (i) Ensino Superior completo ou em andamento; e (ii) uma das seguintes faixas etárias: de 16 a 25; de 26 a 35; de 36 a 55; e acima de 56 anos. A análise é realizada segundo os princípios da Teoria da Variação e da Mudança Lingüística, com a utilização do pacote estatístico VARBRUL, bem como da Fonologia Autossegmental, representada pelo modelo da Geometria de Traços. Como resultado geral, tem-se que alçam 16% das 2455 ocorrências de vogal pretônica /e/ e 10% das 2147 ocorrências de vogal pretônica /o/. Todas as ocorrências são analisadas em relação a uma variável social e a dez variáveis lingüísticas, utilizando-se o VARBRUL. Dos resultados estatísticos, obteve-se que a variável lingüística altura da vogal da sílaba subseqüente à sílaba da pretônica-alvo é a mais relevante à aplicação do alçamento, tanto para /e/, quanto para /o/. Observa-se que, no corpus desta pesquisa, todas as ocorrências de pretônicas alçadas podem ser explicadas: (i) pela harmonização vocálica, em que a vogal sofre o alçamento pela influência de uma vogal alta presente na sílaba seguinte à da pretônica-alvo, como em acr[i]ditar; e/ou (ii) pela redução vocálica, em que a vogal alça pela influência da(s)...
This work describes the pretonic medial vowels of the verbs in the region of the city of São José do Rio Preto, northwest of São Paulo State. In these vowels, the phonological process of vowel raising can be found. Through this process, the medial vowels /e/ and /o/ are pronounced, respectively, as /i/ and /u/, in words like d[i]s[i]nvolvendo and c[u]nheço. The corpus of this research is formed of sixteen interviews of the Banco de Dados IBORUNA, a result of the ALIP Project – Amostra Lingüística do Interior Paulista (IBILCE/UNESP – FAPESP 03/08058-6). Spontaneous speech samples – of female informants that: (i) had been attending University or that had already finished it; and (ii) belonged to one of the following age-bands: 16 to 25; 26 to 35; 36 to 55; and over 56 years – are analyzed. The analysis is made under the perspective of: (i) the Theory of Linguistic Variation and Change, by using the statistical package VARBRUL; and (ii) the Autosegmental Phonology, represented by the Feature Geometry model. The general result is that 16% of the 2455 occurrences of pretonic vowel /e/ and 10% of the 2147 occurrences of pretonic vowel /o/ are raised. All the occurrences are analyzed in relation to one social variable and to ten linguistic variables, using VARBRUL package. The statistical results evinced that the height of the vowel of the syllable which is contiguous to the syllable of the pretonic vowel is the most relevant variable concerning the application of the vowel raising process, both to /e/ and to /o/. It is observed that, in the corpus of this research, all the occurrences in which the pretonic vowels are raised can be explained by: (i) a process of vowel harmonization, through which the vowel is raised by the influence of a high vowel in the syllable which is adjacent to the syllable of the pretonic vowel, as acr[i]ditar; and/or (ii) vowel reduction, through which... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Elliott, Slosarova Zuzana. "Sociolinguistic variation among Slovak immigrants in Edinburgh, Scotland." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/33202.

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This thesis investigates sociolinguistic variation among highly fluent Slovak-English bilingual women and also long-term immigrants residing in Edinburgh, Scotland. The present study adds to existing literature on urban migratory experiences (Block, 2008; Forsberg, Lundell and Bartning, 2015; Howley, 2015), comparing cross-cultural variation of immigrants' speech with their local peers (Drummond, 2010, 2012; Meyerhoff et al., 2009), by exploring linguistic and social constraints on language attitudes and accent acquisition among bilingual Slovak immigrants. Sociolinguistic interview data were obtained from 32 women, ages 22-46: 20 Slovak immigrants, 8 Edinburgh Scottish participants, and 6 bilingual Slovak teachers of English in Slovakia. By considering linguistic and social factors that influence Slovak immigrants' variation, in this thesis I ask not just whether and to what extent do local language communities shape immigrants' identity, but also how their identity affects their language attitudes and pronunciation. The thesis pays particular attention to how implicit and explicit language attitudes combine to establish what Block (2008) called a "multidimensional" identity in immigrants. Further investigation establishes a link between identity and production (Redinger and Llamas, 2014; Podesva et al., 2015) by drawing on the variationist sociolinguistic methodologies set out by Labov (1966, 2001, 2006). Implicit language attitudes were collected via a Verbal Guise Task (VGT), during which participants evaluated speakers of foreign and native English accents (Campbell- Kibler, 2006; McKenzie, 2015; McKenzie and Carrie, 2018). Explicit attitudes were collected via a questionnaire designed to elicit attitudes in a casual setting (Dörnyei and Csizér, 2012). The combination of methodologies revealed that immigrant participants in the study held complex attitudes and motivations in relation to their host country. The results for language attitudes suggested that long-term Slovak immigrants experienced shifts to their identity while residing in Scotland, with most adopting a transnational identity that made them amenable to local language communities while maintaining connections with their home country. Their identity represented a degree of integration with Scottish communities, but transnational immigrants often felt separate from both home and host countries as a result. The present study also explores connection between identity and production which is now well recognised (Kobiałka, 2016; Regan, 2016; Regan and Ni Chasaide, 2010; Bucholtz, 2011). Immigrant participants' pronunciations of FACE and GOAT vowel lexical sets (Wells, 1982) were evaluated in comparison to two language groups that represented different standards of pronunciation: native Scottish participants in Edinburgh, with more monophthongal pronunciations (Schützler, 2015); and English-Slovak bilinguals residing in Trnava, Slovakia, whose vowel productions were highly diphthongal and similar to Received Pronunciation (RP) constructions. Comparative study of pronunciations revealed that the immigrants' FACE and GOAT realisations were relatively more monophthongal than the non-immigrant Slovak group, yet more diphthongal than the native Scottish group - effectively making immigrant Slovaks' mean pronunciations separate and distinct from both native standard varieties. However, the immigrant's pronunciations varied widely, and data modelling revealed associations between key social factors and pronunciation. Settings of high formality, strong European and Slovak identities, and intentions to return to Slovakia were associated with relatively more diphthongal pronunciations. Decreased formality, strong Scottish identities, and lack of formal education before immigration were associated with relatively more monophthongal pronunciations. Key findings in the study reinforce observations of multi-cultural identities in longterm Slovak immigrants. Drawing on work that explores variation in language attitudes (Clark and Schleef, 2010) and production in migratory settings (Meyerhoff and Schleef, 2014), I argue that there is a tendency for immigrants to shape their multi-cultural identities in response to linguistic and social contexts. However, internal contexts such as self-definition were equally important in shaping identities, which in turn affected language attitudes and pronunciation.
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Carmo, Márcia Cristina do. "As vogais médias pretônicas dos verbos na fala culta do interior paulista /." São José do Rio Preto : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86566.

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Orientador: Luciani Ester Tenani
Banca: Seung-Hwa Lee
Banca: Sebastião Carlos Leite Gonçalves
Resumo: O presente trabalho descreve as vogais médias pretônicas dos verbos na região do município de São José do Rio Preto, noroeste do Estado de São Paulo. Algumas dessas vogais sofrem o processo fonológico de alçamento, por meio do qual as vogais médias /e/e/o/ são realizadas, respectivamente, como /i/e /u/, como em d[i]s[i]nvolvendo e c[u]nheço. Como corpus de pesquisa, são utilizadas dezesseis entrevistas do Banco de Dados IBORUNA, resultado do Projeto ALIP - Amostra Lingüística do Interior Paulista (IBILCE/UNESP - FAPESP 03/08058-6). São analisadas amostras de fala espontânea de informantes do sexo feminino que apresentam: (i) Ensino Superior completo ou em andamento; e (ii) uma das seguintes faixas etárias: de 16 a 25; de 26 a 35; de 36 a 55; e acima de 56 anos. A análise é realizada segundo os princípios da Teoria da Variação e da Mudança Lingüística, com a utilização do pacote estatístico VARBRUL, bem como da Fonologia Autossegmental, representada pelo modelo da Geometria de Traços. Como resultado geral, tem-se que alçam 16% das 2455 ocorrências de vogal pretônica /e/ e 10% das 2147 ocorrências de vogal pretônica /o/. Todas as ocorrências são analisadas em relação a uma variável social e a dez variáveis lingüísticas, utilizando-se o VARBRUL. Dos resultados estatísticos, obteve-se que a variável lingüística altura da vogal da sílaba subseqüente à sílaba da pretônica-alvo é a mais relevante à aplicação do alçamento, tanto para /e/, quanto para /o/. Observa-se que, no corpus desta pesquisa, todas as ocorrências de pretônicas alçadas podem ser explicadas: (i) pela harmonização vocálica, em que a vogal sofre o alçamento pela influência de uma vogal alta presente na sílaba seguinte à da pretônica-alvo, como em acr[i]ditar; e/ou (ii) pela redução vocálica, em que a vogal alça pela influência da(s)... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: This work describes the pretonic medial vowels of the verbs in the region of the city of São José do Rio Preto, northwest of São Paulo State. In these vowels, the phonological process of vowel raising can be found. Through this process, the medial vowels /e/ and /o/ are pronounced, respectively, as /i/ and /u/, in words like d[i]s[i]nvolvendo and c[u]nheço. The corpus of this research is formed of sixteen interviews of the Banco de Dados IBORUNA, a result of the ALIP Project - Amostra Lingüística do Interior Paulista (IBILCE/UNESP - FAPESP 03/08058-6). Spontaneous speech samples - of female informants that: (i) had been attending University or that had already finished it; and (ii) belonged to one of the following age-bands: 16 to 25; 26 to 35; 36 to 55; and over 56 years - are analyzed. The analysis is made under the perspective of: (i) the Theory of Linguistic Variation and Change, by using the statistical package VARBRUL; and (ii) the Autosegmental Phonology, represented by the Feature Geometry model. The general result is that 16% of the 2455 occurrences of pretonic vowel /e/ and 10% of the 2147 occurrences of pretonic vowel /o/ are raised. All the occurrences are analyzed in relation to one social variable and to ten linguistic variables, using VARBRUL package. The statistical results evinced that the height of the vowel of the syllable which is contiguous to the syllable of the pretonic vowel is the most relevant variable concerning the application of the vowel raising process, both to /e/ and to /o/. It is observed that, in the corpus of this research, all the occurrences in which the pretonic vowels are raised can be explained by: (i) a process of vowel harmonization, through which the vowel is raised by the influence of a high vowel in the syllable which is adjacent to the syllable of the pretonic vowel, as acr[i]ditar; and/or (ii) vowel reduction, through which... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Books on the topic "Vowel variation"

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Jackson, Michel Tah Tung. Phonetic theory and cross-linguistic variation in vowel articulation. Los Angeles, Ca: Phonetics Laboratory, Dept. of Linguistics, UCLA, 1988.

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Vowel elision in Florentine Italian. Bern: Peter Lang, 2012.

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An acoustic analysis of vowel variation in New World English. [Durham, NC]: Published by Duke University Press for the American Dialect Society, 2001.

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Müller, Ernst-August. Standard Vowel Systems of English, German, and Dutch: Variation in Norm. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 2012.

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Pukhanŏ moŭm chʻegye ŭi sirhŏm ŭmsŏnghakchŏk yŏnʼgu =: The experimental study of North Korean vowel systems. Sŏul Tʻŭkpyŏlsi: Hanʼguk Munhwasa, 2001.

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Johnson, Kristin. Megawords: Decoding, spelling and understanding multisyllabic words : Vowel variations. 2nd ed. Cambridge [Mass.]: School Speciality, 2010.

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Johnson, Kristin. Megawords: Decoding, spelling and understanding multisyllabic words : Vowel variations. 2nd ed. Cambridge, Mass: School Speciality, Inc., 2010.

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Problems in Scottish English phonology. Tübingen: M. Niemeyer, 1995.

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Deser, Toni. Dialect transmission: An analysis of vowels in six urban Detroit families. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Linguistics Club, 1991.

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Standard Vowel Systems of English, German, and Dutch: Variation in Norm. Lang Publishing, Incorporated, Peter, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Vowel variation"

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Pappas, Panayiotis A. "Vowel raising and vowel deletion as sociolinguistic variables in Northern Greek." In Language Variation - European Perspectives VI, 113–24. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/silv.19.07pap.

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Hanson, Kristin. "Vowel variation in English rhyme." In Studies in the History of the English Language, 207–30. Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110197143.2.207.

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Kappa, Ioanna, and Marina Tzakosta. "Chapter 8. Vowel harmony patterns in Greek dialectal child speech." In Studies in Language Variation, 134–43. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/silv.22.08kap.

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Butcher, Kerri-Ann. "Chapter 3. Revisiting the vowel mergers of East Anglia." In Language Variation – European Perspectives VIII, 54–77. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/silv.25.03but.

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Wetzels, W. Leo. "On the relation between quantity-sensitive stress and distinctive vowel length." In Romance Phonology and Variation, 219–34. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.217.16wet.

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Torgersen, Eivind, Paul Kerswill, and Susan Fox. "Ethnicity as a source of changes in the London vowel system." In Language Variation – European Perspectives, 249–63. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/silv.1.16tor.

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Vassalou, Nicole, Dimitris Papazachariou, and Mark Janse. "Chapter 11. Dialect contact in the vowel system of Mišótika Cappadocian." In Language Variation – European Perspectives VIII, 248–67. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/silv.25.11vas.

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Mesthrie, Rajend, and Simone Wills. "Chapter 12. The goose vowel in South African English with special reference to Coloured communities in 5 cities." In Studies in Language Variation, 227–46. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/silv.21.12mes.

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van Leuvensteijn, Arjan. "Vowel variation in Proto-Germanicaiin 16th and 17th-century Holland." In Historical Linguistics 1995, 167. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.162.13leu.

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Schützler, Ole. "Vowel Variation in Scottish Standard English: Accent-Internal Differentiation or Anglicisation?" In Sociolinguistics in Scotland, 129–52. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137034717_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Vowel variation"

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Prom-on, Santitham, Peter Birkholz, and Yi Xu. "Estimating vocal tract shapes of Thai vowels from contextual vowel variation." In 2014 17th Oriental Chapter of the International Committee for the Co-ordination and Standardization of Speech Databases and Assessment Techniques (COCOSDA). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsda.2014.7051442.

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McCloy, Daniel, Richard Wright, and Pamela Souza. "Modeling intrinsic intelligibility variation: vowel-space size and structure." In 166th Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America. Acoustical Society of America, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4870070.

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Wottawa, Jane, Amazouz Djegdjiga, Martine Adda-Decker, and Lori Lamel. "Studying Vowel Variation in French-Algerian Arabic Code-switched Speech." In Interspeech 2018. ISCA: ISCA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2018-2381.

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Teodorescu, Horia-Nicolai, Marius Zbancioc, and Monica Feraru. "Analysis of vowel triangle variation for the Romanian language related to emotional states." In 2011 10th International Symposium on Signals, Circuits and Systems (ISSCS). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isscs.2011.5978727.

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Earnshaw, Kate, and Erica Gold. "Variation in the FACE Vowel across West Yorkshire: Implications for Forensic Speaker Comparisons." In Interspeech 2018. ISCA: ISCA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2018-1944.

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Byeon, Haewon, and Sunghyoun Cho. "An Acoustic Analysis on Vowel Formant Variation of Female with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis." In Healthcare and Nursing 2016. Science & Engineering Research Support soCiety, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/astl.2016.132.37.

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Tsuji, Sho, and Alejandrina Cristia. "Which Acoustic and Phonological Factors Shape Infants’ Vowel Discrimination? Exploiting Natural Variation in InPhonDB." In Interspeech 2017. ISCA: ISCA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2017-1468.

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Holt, Yolanda F. "Sociophonetic analysis of vowel variation in African American English in the Southern United States." In 172nd Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America. Acoustical Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/2.0000453.

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Turnbull, Rory, and Cynthia G. Clopper. "Effects of semantic predictability and dialect variation on vowel production in clear and plain lab speech." In ICA 2013 Montreal. ASA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4800652.

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Guo, Jinxi, Angli Liu, Harish Arsikere, Abeer Alwan, and Steven M. Lulich. "The relationship between the second subglottal resonance and vowel class, standing height, trunk length, and F0 variation for Mandarin speakers." In Interspeech 2014. ISCA: ISCA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2014-242.

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