Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Voyages à la côte du Pacifique'
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Blais, Hélène. "Les voyages français dans le Pacifique : pratique de l'espace, savoirs géographiques et expansion coloniale : (1815-1845)." Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHES0049.
Full textBéarez, Philippe. "Comparaison des ichtyofaunes marines actuelle et holocène et reconstitution de l'activité halieutique dans les civilisations précolombiennes de la cote du Manabi sud (Equateur)." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MNHN0003.
Full textBaert, Annie. "Les voyages de Mendana et de Quiros en océanie (1567-1569, 1595, 1605-1606)." Université française du Pacifique (1987-1999), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PACI0022.
Full textThis study analyses from three standpoints how the main participants lived the three journeys resulting in the discovery of the islands of Solomon, Marquesas, Tuamotu, Cook and Vanuatu general planning political structure : official commitees' parrticipation (spain & peru) in the planning, the control and the financing of those trips military preparedness: official and practical reasons for the presence of soldiers on board these ships, daily routine, weaponry and its uses, estimates of native losses, limits in the military aspect of these expeditions religious aspects : reformed / anti-reformed movements, church / kingdom relations, the intellectual universe of the franciscans, the expeditions' religious life, the missionaries' role the companions of Mendana and Quiros - quantitative estimate of the staff boarded on each ship. Human loss assessment - study of their duties on board each ship, of their identity, of their background and of their final fate - portraits and biographical sketchings of Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa, Alvaro de Mendana y Neira and Pedro Fernandez de Quiros the spanish vision of the south sea what the sailors saw and perceived, depending on their frame of mind, their prejudices and the precariousness of their personal status - vision of the islands : geographical location, physical aspect, natural resources, natives' staple diet - vision of men and exchanges between oceanians and visitors - vision of the native social organisation : daily life, technical life, housing, inter-island relations, means of navigation, sociopolitical structure ; religious life and canibalism ; ritual overtaking of lands the study of these three journeys, whose narratives were immediately and fully broadcasted, shows that two centuries prior to the new Cytheria of Bougainville, the myth of paradise on earth, that permanent hope constantly pushed away but never dismissed, found a new breath of life and a promising new geographical localization in the south sea
Vargas, Gabriel. "Interactions océan-atmosphère au cours des derniers siècles sur la côte du Désert d'Atacama : analyse multi-proxies des sédiments laminés de la Baie de Mejillones (23°S)." Bordeaux 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR12547.
Full textNiquet, Nicole. "La construction du concept de "race" et les récits des voyageurs anglais et français sur la côte des esclaves et le royaume du Danhomè (1670-1865)." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05H001.
Full textAt the beginning of the 19th century, "Race" was introduced as a scientific concept, as naturalists, anatomists and philosophers were seeking to explain the diversity of the human species. Scholars held that humanity was divided into "races", with unequal physical and intellectual capacities. Africans stood at the botton of an imaginary scale,built on classifications and hierarchical order. Racial theories were established on the basis of an amalgamation between supposedly innate physical and mental characteristics on the one hand, and on historical and social conditions on the other. We have chosen to study three kingdoms on the Slave Coast - Ardra, juda, and Danhomè - because of their involvement in the slave trade and the numerous accounts by English and French travellers. First, we try to find ou what were their relationships with the local population; whether the construction of the "Race" concept was the result of their descriptions and views, or of other factors, or if it came as a logical consequence of 18th century scientific thought. Secondly, we examine how a "racialised" view of the world penetrated the ruling ideology, and to which extent it changed the opinions held on Danhomè by a new type of travellers - mainly, diplomats and missionaries. We consider also the impact of these accounts on the English and French attempts to subjugate the Dahomean people and to conquer the kingdom of Danhomè
Delort, Eric. "Contribution à l'étude du déterminisme de la fixation des peuplements marins sur des structures artificielles immergées : côte méditerranéenne française (anse de Corbière) et côte pacifique japonaise (baie de Suruga)." Aix-Marseille 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX30028.
Full textPichat, Sylvain. "Variations du rapport (231Pa/230Th)xs,0 et de la composition isotopique du zinc dans des sédiments de l'océan Pacifique équatorial au Quaternaire : implications pour la productivité biologique et relations avec la thermocline." Lyon, École normale supérieure (sciences), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENSL0202.
Full textBelharet, Mokrane. "Modélisation numérique du transfert du radiocésium dans les chaines trophiques pélagiques marines suite à l'accident nucléaire de Fukushima Dai-ichi (côte Pacifique du Japon)." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30339/document.
Full textHuge amounts of radionuclides, espicially 137Cs, were released to the coastal northwestern Pacific ocean after the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident, that occurred on 11 March 2011. The resultant radiocesium contamination was quickly transferred to marine biota resulting in elevated cesium levels in various organisms. Using a modelling approach, this work aims to study the 137Cs transfer to the marine pelagic food chains, from plankton populations to the large piscivorous fishes. Coupling the radioecological model, developed in this study, with an ecosystem model comprising an NPZD biogeochemical model and a regional ocean circulation model, is appeared to be the most adapted tool for modelling of plankton populations contamination in this accidental situation. The results of this study showed high contamination levels in the plankton populations, especially in the vincity of the power plant, where the maximal concentrations are estimated to be about 4 orders of magnitude higher than those observed before the accident. In spite of these high contamination levels, the maximum 137Cs absorbed dose rates for phyto- and zooplankton populations were estimated to be well below the 10 Gy/h benchmark value, from which a measurable effect on the marine biota can be observed. This study has also highlighted the predominance of the cesium uptake from food and the presence of biomagnification potential at this trophic level. The radioecological model developed to study the nektonic species contamination is based on the individual size. In this approach, each species is represented by a set of cohorts. The number of these cohorts is a function of the species life span and reproduction frequency. Unlike traditional approaches, the organism ingestion rate and diet composition considered in this modelling approach are not constant, but vary over the time according to the size of the organism. The model results are in general satisfactory, and the validation is carried out in both equilibrium and accidental situations. This study highlighted the importance of the organism migratory movements in the radioecological modelling espicially in the accident situations caracterized by a very high spatial variability of radionuclides concentrations in the seawater. The detailed caracteristics of 137Cs concentration dynamics in the different species are discussed. The contamination levels estimated for the different species are significantly higher than those observed before the accident, with a clear tendency to increase with individual size
Huaman, Rodrigo Mario David. "Évolution tectonique cénozoïque et néotectonique du Piémont Pacifique dans la région d'Arequipa (Andes du Sud Pérou)." Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112033.
Full textThe Cenozoic evolution of the Piedmont and the Pacific Coast (forearc basins) is divided into two major periods: a) from Oligocene to Lower Miocene during which the sedimentary accumulation dominates, and b) Middle Miocene to Quaternary, characterized by erosion. Four compressive tectonic phases (Middle Oligocene, Middle Miocene, Upper Miocene and Early Quaternary) affect the sedimentary and volcanic rocks in the basin. A proof is given for the occurrence of a compressional faulting during the deposition of ignimbritic volcanics by 10 m. Y. The mapped structures (scl 1:100 000 Th) show a graben limited by major reverse fault of approximately E-W orientation. The microtectonic studies confirm the multiphased character of these reverse faults and reveal the existence of three events of successive slipping. These events could be related respectively to the attributed to the compressive tectonic phases: by of Middle Oligocene (N-S compression approximately), Middle Miocene (NW-SE compression), and by Upper Miocene and/or Early Quaternary (probably E-W compression). In this region, no trace of active faults has been observed, confirming that the shallow seismic activity is weak. Most of seismicity seems to be linked essentially to the Benioff’s zone
Guillemin, Marcellin. "Krusenstern et Lissiansky : la Russie sur les traces de l'Angleterre dans le Pacifique Sud." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030006.
Full textKruzenshtern and Lisianski were the first Russian circumnavigators who, in the nineteenth century, enabled their country to compete with England in the South Pacific. Former cadets in the Russian Navy, they had received training on Royal Navy ships in accordance with Anglo-Russian agreements to fight against revolutionary France. This thesis focuses on the position of Russia in the South Pacific and her ability to match, if not surpass her rival England, the first naval and commercial power. The detailed accounts of Kruzenshtern and Lisianski, other Russian circumnavigators who took advantage of their knowledge, were examined.Russia was positioning herself timidly in a region which was far from her borders. Her empire was built on Eurasia, a large monolithic block, with an expansion into America which consisted of Alaska and Fort Ross, a Californian territory. Attempting colonization in warm seas, Russia feared tensions or even conflicts with other powers, who accused her of seeking her expansion too much at the expense of the Ottoman Empire, the "sick man of Europe"; the balance of power so dear to England was no longer respected. England had begun an intensive colonization of Australia and New Zealand. In order to deter her competitors, she officially announced the annexation of her new lands, which she quickly populated, explored and exploited. Her goal was to obtain new raw materials to feed her powerful industry and to prepare herself for any possible political and economic crises from Europe or America. Hawai'i at this time was a focal point for the four major powers: England, France, Russi! a and the United States, each trying to curry favour whith the local monarch until one of them prevailed over the other three.Russia played an important role in the South Pacific in science and technology. Her circumnavigators had made many geographical discoveries, to which they had given names glorifying Russia; they also significantly improved maps. They were able to take advantage of the best precision instruments and the latest scientific literature to obtain consistent and accurate measures and results. The Crimean War was to highlight the weaknesses of Russia, who had so far been victorious, but now had to question and renounce certain of her ambitions in the Pacific Ocean
Geffrault, Marion. "La recherche d'un équilibre entre promotion des valeurs et du libre-échange dans l'action extérieure de l'Union européenne en Asie-Pacifique." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REN1G003.
Full textThe renewal and deepening of relations between the EU and Asia-Pacific, the latter being at the center of this century’s geopolitics and geoeconomics, represent challenges and opportunities for the European organization. The EU aims to establish itself as a global actor with a foreign policy grounded on the respect and promotion of fundamental values shaping its external action doctrine : democratic governance, international security, and sustainable development. Because they support political conditionality provisions, cooperation agreements appear as the first kind of instrument used by the EU to promote its values in Asia-Pacific. Through their programming, the instruments funding the Union’s cooperation are tailored in order to support and complement the cooperation agreements, albeit in a perfectible way. The free-trade agreements concluded by the EU in Asia-Pacific also play their part in promoting noncommercial values. First, they are integrated into a “double-agreement system”, in which non-respect of values promoted into cooperation agreements can lead to free-trade agreements being suspended or denounced. Second, they contain “trade and sustainable development” chapters, in which the EU aims at defending work and environmental standards. These chapters are however perfectible in their contents and effectiveness. Overall, the EU manages to bolster its role as a human rights, democracy and rule of law proponent in Asia-Pacific, as regarding sustainable development. In contrast, it struggles to assert itself as a significant security actor, in both its agreements and cooperation activities
Massiani, Jean-Stéphane. "Du parcours au discours : étude des journaux de James Cook." Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX10112.
Full textSanabria, Janeet Margarita. "Variabilité interannuelle du régime des pluies et des événements extrêmes ENSO le long du versant Pacifique Péruvien : mécanismes de contrôle à grande échelle." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30143.
Full textFour strong El Niño events took place within the last five decades (1972/1973, 1982/1983, 1997/1998 and 2015/2016) recorded as strong in the Niño 3.4 region. They can exhibit significant differences in their evolution associated with a distinct rainfall anomaly evolution along the PPB (Peruvian Pacific Basin), which illustrates the strong nonlinearity of the ENSO teleconnection on the rainfall in this area. These extreme rainfalls have harmful impacts on the population and productive sectors due to floods and landslides which are trigged by them. Yet the key climatic circulation pattern for their different evolution and magnitude are still unknown. Here we show that different rainfall patterns during these events are associated with moisture transport originated from different large-scale moisture sources. For example, in the 1983 -1998 (2016) events appear as related with strong (weak to moderate) moisture coming from the Pacific warming (also coming from Atlantic Ocean through the Amazon basin). Characteristic of these moisture transports is due to an atmospheric response opposite between the 1983-1998 events (that are similar) and 2016 event experiencing out-of-phase moisture transport patterns. Although these rainfalls are linked to the moisture arrival from those sources, the moisture amount entering the PPB can be also influenced by regional atmospheric circulation of upper level winds (100 to 300 hPa) leading to different enhanced moisture transport associated with different rainfall anomalies in the North-Centre PPB. The interplay of large-scale and regional circulation and Pacific moisture transport explains the Ep mode associated with rainfall in the north-Centre PPB. The high dispersion of rainfall in highlands (Cp mode) during the moderate (extremes) El Niño appears as linked to low-middle (high level) moisture transport from the Amazon (Pacific) reaching highlands
Deland, Carine. "Révision taxonomique de la famille des Harrimaniidae (Hemichordata: Enteropneusta) incluant les descriptions de sept espèces de la côte Est du Pacifique." Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/3871.
Full textThis comparative study is a revision of the family Harrimaniidae based on morphological characters of described and undescribed species from the collections of William E. Ritter, Theodore H. Bullock and Kandula P. Rao, gathered in the 20th century. The new descriptions bring the total number of genera to nine by the addition of Horstia n. gen., Mesoglossus n. gen., Ritteria n. gen and Saxipendium, a genus previously assigned to the monospecific family Saxipendidae The number of species is increased to 34, resulting from the description of five new species from the eastern Pacific: Horstia kincaidi, Mesoglossus intermedius, Mesoglossus macginitiei, Protoglossus mackiei and Ritteria ambigua. The description of a sixth species, Stereobalanus willeyi Ritter et Davis, 1904 (nomen nudum) is presented here for the first time and a brief description of Saxipendium coronatum is also presented. Four species previously assigned to the genus Saccoglossus are transfered to the genus Mesoglossus: M. bournei, M. caraibicus, M. gurneyi, and M. pygmaeus, while Saccoglossus borealis is transfered to the genus Harrimania. A phylogenetic hypothesis on the Harrimaniidae is postulated presenting the possible evolution of morphological characters within the group. Finally, notes on the wide but spotty distribution of several species suggest that the Enteropneusta may have once had a wider distribution that has since become fragmented.
Radi, Taoufik. "Les kystes de dinoflagellés dans les sédiments de surface du pacifique du nord-est : distribution et potentiel comme proxy de paléoproductivité." Thèse, 2008. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/878/1/D1626.pdf.
Full textSanabria, Quispe Janeet Margarita. "Variabilité interannuelle du régime des pluies et des événements extrêmes ENSO le long du versant Pacifique Péruvien : mécanismes de contrôle à grande échelle." Thesis, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOU30143/document.
Full textFour strong El Niño events took place within the last five decades (1972/1973, 1982/1983, 1997/1998 and 2015/2016) recorded as strong in the Niño 3.4 region. They can exhibit significant differences in their evolution associated with a distinct rainfall anomaly evolution along the PPB (Peruvian Pacific Basin), which illustrates the strong nonlinearity of the ENSO teleconnection on the rainfall in this area. These extreme rainfalls have harmful impacts on the population and productive sectors due to floods and landslides which are trigged by them. Yet the key climatic circulation pattern for their different evolution and magnitude are still unknown. Here we show that different rainfall patterns during these events are associated with moisture transport originated from different large-scale moisture sources. For example, in the 1983 -1998 (2016) events appear as related with strong (weak to moderate) moisture coming from the Pacific warming (also coming from Atlantic Ocean through the Amazon basin). Characteristic of these moisture transports is due to an atmospheric response opposite between the 1983-1998 events (that are similar) and 2016 event experiencing out-of-phase moisture transport patterns. Although these rainfalls are linked to the moisture arrival from those sources, the moisture amount entering the PPB can be also influenced by regional atmospheric circulation of upper level winds (100 to 300 hPa) leading to different enhanced moisture transport associated with different rainfall anomalies in the North-Centre PPB. The interplay of large-scale and regional circulation and Pacific moisture transport explains the Ep mode associated with rainfall in the north-Centre PPB. The high dispersion of rainfall in highlands (Cp mode) during the moderate (extremes) El Niño appears as linked to low-middle (high level) moisture transport from the Amazon (Pacific) reaching highlands