Relevant bibliographies by topics / Vulnerable BME groups

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Vulnerable BME groups'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Vulnerable BME groups"

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Singh, SP, Z. Islam, LJ Brown, et al. "Ethnicity, detention and early intervention: reducing inequalities and improving outcomes for black and minority ethnic patients: the ENRICH programme, a mixed-methods study." Programme Grants for Applied Research 1, no. 3 (2013): 1–168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/pgfar01030.

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BackgroundBlack and minority ethnic (BME) service users experience adverse pathways into care. Ethnic differences are evident even at first-episode psychosis (FEP); therefore, contributory factors must operate before first presentation to psychiatric services. The ENRICH programme comprised three interlinked studies that aimed to understand ethnic and cultural determinants of help-seeking and pathways to care.Aims and objectivesStudy 1: to understand ethnic differences in pathways to care in FEP by exploring cultural determinants of illness recognition, attribution and help-seeking among diffe
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Mulholland, Helen, Jason C. McIntyre, Alina Haines-Delmont, Richard Whittington, Terence Comerford, and Rhiannon Corcoran. "Investigation to identify individual socioeconomic and health determinants of suicidal ideation using responses to a cross-sectional, community-based public health survey." BMJ Open 11, no. 2 (2021): e035252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035252.

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ObjectivesTo address a gap in knowledge by simultaneously assessing a broad spectrum of individual socioeconomic and potential health determinants of suicidal ideation (SI) using validated measures in a large UK representative community sample.DesignIn this cross-sectional design, participants were recruited via random area probability sampling to participate in a comprehensive public health survey. The questionnaire examined demographic, health and socioeconomic factors. Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify predictors of SI.SettingCommunity setting from high (n=20) and low (n
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Singh, Debashis. "Identity cards may exclude vulnerable groups from health care, says BMA." BMJ 329, no. 7461 (2004): 310.4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.329.7461.310-c.

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Mayor, S. "Poor housing continues to adversely affect heath of vulnerable groups." BMJ 326, no. 7397 (2003): 1003b—1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.326.7397.1003/b.

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Perkins, R., and N. Fisher. "Some ethnic groups may be more vulnerable to extremes of social deprivation." BMJ 310, no. 6975 (1995): 332–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.310.6975.332b.

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Yoo, Soonduck, and Jong-Sun Park. "The Influence of Information Acceptance on Information Use Performance in the Case of Vulnerable Classes." International Journal of Financial Research 10, no. 5 (2019): 474. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v10n5p474.

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This study analyzed the effect of information acceptance on the information use performance for the vulnerable groups. The sample group was classified into general public group and vulnerable groups residing in Korea, and the vulnerable groups were divided into the disabled, the low - income group, the elderly group and the farmers. The characteristics of the vulnerable groups were selected by the competence level, use motive, and use attitudes and the correlation between each factor and use utilization was analyzed. In all groups, the use motive and the use attitude showed a strong positive c
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Halvorsen, Rune, Bjørn Hvinden, and Mi Ah Schoyen. "The Nordic Welfare Model in the Twenty-First Century: The Bumble-Bee Still Flies!" Social Policy and Society 15, no. 1 (2015): 57–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746415000135.

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The Nordic countries are admired for high employment, low levels of poverty and inequality, encompassing welfare states, and peaceful industrial relations. Yet the model is criticised for hampering the employment opportunities of vulnerable groups. The literature identifies several potential mechanisms of exclusion. Compressed wage structures may make employers reluctant to hire certain workers for fear that their productivity is too low to justify the cost. Second, generous benefits lower individuals’ incentive to work. Third, businesses increasingly specialise in high-skill activities. We ex
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West, Emily, Pushpa Nair, Yolanda Barrado-Martin, et al. "Exploration of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with dementia and carers from black and minority ethnic groups." BMJ Open 11, no. 5 (2021): e050066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050066.

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IntroductionDespite community efforts to support and enable older and vulnerable people during the COVID-19 pandemic, many people with dementia and their family carers are still finding it difficult to adjust their daily living in light of the disruption that the pandemic has caused. There may be needs specific to black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) populations in these circumstances that remain thus far unexplored.ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to explore the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on people living with dementia and their family carers of BAME backgrounds, in relation to thei
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Gleeson, Helen, Karen Duke, and Betsy Thom. "Challenges to providing culturally sensitive drug interventions for black and Asian minority ethnic (BAME) groups within UK youth justice systems." Drugs and Alcohol Today 19, no. 3 (2019): 172–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dat-11-2018-0068.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how substance use practitioners intervene with ethnically and culturally diverse groups of young people in contact with the youth justice system. Design/methodology/approach Telephone, face-to-face interviews and a focus group were conducted. Data were analysed thematically using a frame-reflective theoretical approach. Findings Practitioners tended to offer individualised interventions to young people in place of culturally specific approaches partly due to a lack of knowledge, training or understanding of diverse cultural needs, and for practic
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Geyser, Leandra. "The Impact of Covid-19 on Food Security. A qualitative analysis of the rise in London’s existing food insecurity due to the financial impact of Covid-19." World Nutrition 12, no. 1 (2021): 40–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.26596/wn.202112140-50.

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Background: The lockdown, enforced by government to limit the spread of Covid-19, has resulted in economic standstill equating to decreased working hours, pay cuts and job losses which has caused an increase in food insecurity. In the latest global food security report, 3.4 million people in the UK alone were found to be moderately to severely food insecure. Since the lockdown began, 8 million people have reported food insecurity which disproportionately effects those most vulnerable. This study aims to determine who these vulnerable groups to food insecurity are in the UK and what needs to be
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Vulnerable BME groups"

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Lachman, R., and Fatima Malik. "West Yorkshire Public Sector Cuts: The impact on the BME voluntary & community sector." 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/10097.

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Books on the topic "Vulnerable BME groups"

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Heiner, Prof, Bielefeldt, Ghanea Nazila, Dr, and Wiener Michael, Dr. Part 3 Vulnerable Groups, 3.5 Minorities. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198703983.003.0023.

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This chapter addresses issues concerning the rights of persons belonging to minorities in the area of religion or belief. Unlike in many traditional concepts of ‘minority protection’, which typically singled out specific groups for specific protection, modern human rights law is not based on any essentialist notions of pre-defined minorities, but always takes as its starting point the self-definition of human beings, who should be free to express their identities as individuals and in community with others. The entry point for justifying particular attention and additional measures of empowerm
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Heiner, Prof, Bielefeldt, Ghanea Nazila, Dr, and Wiener Michael, Dr. Part 3 Vulnerable Groups, 3.2 Persons Deprived of Their Liberty. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198703983.003.0020.

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This chapter addresses the right to freedom of religion or belief, which all detainees should enjoy regardless of the reasons of their detention. Freedom of religion or belief can be deeply significant for detainees, since it can offer them comfort, rehabilitation, and hope at a time when they are experiencing a paucity of social interaction. The chapter highlights the positive duties upon the State in relation to detention due to the heightened risk of religious violations such as indoctrination, forced conversion or involuntary access to prison chaplains. Moreover, imprisonment imposes parti
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Larkin, Philip J. The call to social inclusion: psychosocial care for the marginalized in society. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198806677.003.0003.

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This chapter considers to what extent palliative care meets the needs of specific groups of people in society who may consider themselves to be vulnerable and marginalized. For most people in society, the experience of being excluded is transient and relatively short-lived. Despite the international call for palliative care to be recognized as a human right, there are challenges to that position and a case here is made to adopt a social justice framework, based on the principles of affective equality in palliative care. Using care studies around these specific groups, the reality of inequity a
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Brake, Elizabeth. Paid and Unpaid Care. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786429.003.0004.

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This paper argues that relationships between paid caregivers and care recipients should be eligible for equivalent legal protections as other adult-caring relationships. Care workers (or intimate workers, or domestic workers) are a vulnerable group; in law, they are not fully protected as workers or as family members, although they often form close, reciprocal-caring relationships with the people they care for. While some legal theorists have recently addressed their rights as workers, this paper considers their eligibility for rights as family members. It extends my earlier arguments for marr
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Streiner, David L., Geoffrey R. Norman, and John Cairney. Ethical considerations. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199685219.003.0014.

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Although studies of the psychometric properties of scales do not have the same ethical challenges as those involving interventions, there are still areas that researchers need to be sensitive to. These include issues such as informed consent, especially with vulnerable populations, and deception. This chapter also discusses confidentiality, and when this can be breached for legal reasons. It also returns to the issue of consequential validity and the ethical issues that may arise when minority or disadvantaged groups attain scores that are different from those of the majority population. This
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Medforth, Janet, Linda Ball, Angela Walker, Sue Battersby, and Sarah Stables. Preconception care. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198754787.003.0002.

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This chapter includes taking a menstrual history, used to predict ovulation and the length of the menstrual cycle, and also as an opportunity to provide health care advice and education for women who are planning a pregnancy. Preconception nutrition is briefly covered with particular emphasis on vulnerable groups such as those with closely spaced pregnancies, adolescent mothers, vegans and vegetarians, those on low incomes, those with pre-existing diseases such as diabetes, those with eating disorders, and those from within ethnic minority groups. If needed, the practitioner can then refer wom
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Camilo, Pérez-Bustillo, and Hohmann Jessie. Part V Economic and Social Rights, Ch.17 Indigenous Rights to Development, Socio-Economic Rights, and Rights for Groups with Vulnerabilities: Articles 20–22, 24, and 44. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780199673223.003.0018.

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This chapter looks at Articles 20, 21, 22, 21, and 44, considering rights to development, socio-economic rights, and rights for groups with particular vulnerabilities. These provisions are centred on: the economic, social, and cultural rights of indigenous peoples, with a particular focus on the right to health; their right to development; and the rights of those indigenous individuals and groups who are particularly vulnerable, including women and children, and again with a particular focus on women's rights to be free from violence. The provisions highlight the evolving place of indigenous r
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Walker, Rae, and Wendy Mason, eds. Climate Change Adaptation for Health and Social Services. CSIRO Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486302536.

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Climate Change Adaptation for Health and Social Services addresses concerns from the health and community services sector, including local government, about how to respond to climate change and its impacts on communities. 
 
 What should an intervention framework for the community-based health and social services sector contain and how can it complement an organisation's core values, role and work programs? What current direct and indirect impacts of climate change are most relevant to organisations and the communities they serve? Which population groups are most vulnerable to climat
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Song, Sarah. Discretionary Admissions. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190909222.003.0010.

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Chapter 9 explores discretionary admissions, cases in which the decision to admit prospective migrants is not morally required because their basic interests are not threatened. In such cases, what kinds of reasons should inform public deliberation about whom to exclude and include? The chapter begins by considering temporary admissions programs, asking whether they are permissible or whether all migrants must be admitted on a permanent basis. It then assesses different criteria for excluding and selecting migrants for admission. The criteria of exclusion discussed include ones based on race an
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van der Hoeven, Frank, and Alexander Wandl. Hotterdam: How space is making Rotterdam warmer, how this affects the health of its inhabitants, and what can be done about it. TU Delft Open, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.47982/bookrxiv.1.

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Heat waves will occur in Rotterdam with greater frequency in the future. Those affected most will be the elderly – a group that is growing in size. In the light of the Paris heat wave of August 2003 and the one in Rotterdam in July 2006, mortality rates among the elderly in particular are likely to rise in the summer. METHOD The aim of the Hotterdam research project was to gain a better understanding of urban heat. The heat was measured and the surface energy balance modelled from that perspective. Social and physical features of the city we identified in detail with the help of satellite imag
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Book chapters on the topic "Vulnerable BME groups"

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Tang, Lijun. "On-Line Support Groups for Families in China." In The World of the Seafarer. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49825-2_15.

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AbstractSeafarer-partners (seafarers’ wives or girlfriends) face a number of problems in everyday life, including consecutive long-term separations and social isolation. In the context that seafaring families are likely to be geographically dispersed, a virtual community provided Chinese seafarer-partners with a valuable space to talk about problems and to both offer and receive support. Despite the physical distances between community members they felt closely connected to each other in the community because they were all seafarer-partners and had similar concerns and experiences. By examining their interaction in this community, the chapter reveals the ways in which this virtual community may offer, essential, largely unseen, informal, support to seafarers by serving to protect their very vulnerable relationships in their absence.
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Nnamani, C. V., D. B. Adewale, H. O. Oselebe, and C. J. Atkinson. "African Yam Bean the Choice for Climate Change Resilience: Need for Conservation and Policy." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_203.

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AbstractGlobal warming has emerged as a major challenge to development and human wellbeing in Sub-Saharan Africa in general and Nigeria in particular. Periodic incidents show that this challenge will continue and increase in impact on all aspects of natural resources – agriculture, ecosystems services, biodiversity depletion, environmental degradation and human health. Recognizing the enormous potential of underutilized plant genetic resources (PGRs) is crucial as sources of solutions to a number of these threatening challenges emanating from climate change (food and nutrition insecurity, genetic erosion, loss of agro-biodiversity, green job growth and income generation) cannot be over-emphasized. Sphenostylis stenocarpa (Hochst. ex. A. Rich) Harms., commonly known as African yam bean (AYB) belonging to the leguminous Fabaceae, is an underutilized PGR with rich portfolio which could serve as vital source of robust adaption and resilient germplasm for vulnerable local communities in Nigeria. Its substantial nutritional, environmental, cultural, social, medicinal, industrial and soil restorative potentials underpins its position as climate – smart species. Enhancing the potentials of African yam bean via robust innovative approaches for wider utilization through accelerated research, farmer seed exchanges, in-situ and ex-situ conservations, farmers selection, and policy programs such as seed sovereignty will accentuate its adaptation and used as resilient climate –smart species for the vulnerable groups in Nigeria to cushion impact of climate change.
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Ambrosino, Chiara, Ben Hufton, Benson Okinyi Nyawade, Harriet Osimbo, and Phanuel Owiti. "Integrating Climate Adaptation, Poverty Reduction, and Environmental Conservation in Kwale County, Kenya." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_118.

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AbstractShoreline erosion, flood surges, river sediments, and water pollution are only a few of the common threats to many coastal areas, with extreme climate-related events exacerbating the intensity and urgency of the resulting negative impacts. In addition, some coastal areas are excessively mined for sand, protective mangroves are destroyed, and coastal waters are overfished, affecting the well-being, safety, and livelihoods of local communities. These threats disproportionally affect the poorest and most marginalized groups, including women and children, leading to their increased vulnerability to climate change and adoption of negative coping mechanisms.This chapter proposes an integrated people-centered approach, with a particular focus on women, to address the triple crisis – poverty, climate change, and nature – at the local level. Findings will be shared from a 2-year project implemented in the southernmost coastal region of Kwale County in Kenya, which aimed to achieve beneficial and interconnected social, environmental, and climate outcomes. The chapter discusses findings, successes, and lessons learned from the action and the requirement to position vulnerable groups at the center of initiatives designed to address the triple crisis. Limitations of the study and main recommendations for future programming in similar contexts are also shared.
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Baciu, Elena-Loreni, and Theofild-Andrei Lazar. "The Influence of Social Capital on the Educational Attainment of Roma Persons: Evidence from a Qualitative Study in Romania." In Social and Economic Vulnerability of Roma People. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52588-0_12.

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AbstractAs the largest ethnic minority in Europe, Roma persons are among the groups with the lowest levels of educational attainment. In Romania, the country with the highest number of Roma persons of all the EU Members States, the situation is even worse, each higher level of education revealing an increasing gap between Roma persons and the general population.Positioned within the framework of Social Capital theory, the current chapter explores the influences of micro- and mezzo-level social networks on educational attainment of Roma persons, trying to explain some of the mechanisms that perpetuate the gap between them and the general population, in terms of educational attainment.Drawing on a qualitative bottom-up study of Roma persons’ experiences of belonging in society, we analysed the interlocking influences of bonding and bridging social capital on the interviewees’ educational attainment. The results of the study point out that both forms of social capital have an important impact on the educational attainment of persons in vulnerable groups, although in different ways, and sometimes they can be mutually reinforcing, depending on the prevailing social arrangements, in either keeping the persons engaged in education, or drawing them away from their educational paths. The results also show that in circumstances of intersecting vulnerabilities, a noticeable imbalance between agency and structure is produced, which corrodes the foundational principles of equity and affects the equality of opportunities.
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Lavrijssen, Saskia, and Blanka Vitéz. "Good Governance and the Regulation of the District Heating Market." In Shaping an Inclusive Energy Transition. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74586-8_9.

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AbstractThis chapter discusses how the fundamental values of energy democracy and energy justice and the principles of good governance can play a role in developing a more consistent approach towards the regulation of the energy sector and, more in particular, in dealing with the challenges of regulating the heat transition in the Netherlands in a just way. Energy justice and energy democracy are energy specific concepts that are gaining influence when interpreting and applying the principles of good governance in the energy sector. Both concepts are based on the awareness that the energy transition is a matter for all citizens of the European Union and should not be ignored by policymakers and independent regulators. The heat transition in the Netherlands significantly impacts the position of consumers, prosumers and vulnerable customers, as an ever-larger group of consumers will be disconnected from the gas grid and will be connected to heat networks. Energy democracy and energy justice and the principles of good governance are important values that should guide policy-makers in making choices that affect consumer participation and the protection of vulnerable customers in the heat transition. It is elaborated how energy democracy and energy justice and the principles of good governance indeed can provide a useful framework within which advantages and disadvantages can be weighed of regulatory choices to be made when modernising the regulation of the heat market in a just way. In particular, there remains a lot to gain in terms of flexible regulation and supervision as well as the facilitation of consumer/prosumer participation in the Netherlands. Because it is likely that most heat consumers will remain locked in for a relatively long time in natural monopolies facilitated by older generation heat networks and the lack of alternative heating, substantive consumer-participation could yield positive results regarding community engagement in heat network management and heat supply.
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Smith, Rhona K. M. "22. Rights for specific vulnerable persons." In International Human Rights Law. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198805212.003.0022.

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This chapter examines human rights protection for four specific groups: women, children, internally displaced persons, and refugees. It first explains why group rights evolved in a system of human rights that, from the outset, was supposed to be universal and then discusses: the particular needs of these groups; the evolving international and regional human rights framework; and the extent to which the legal framework addresses the needs of the group in question.
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Smith, Rhona K. M. "12. Rights for specific vulnerable persons." In International Human Rights Law. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198843672.003.0012.

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This chapter examines human rights protection for six specific groups: women, children, elderly, internally displaced persons, stateless persons, and refugees. It first explains why group rights evolved in a system of human rights that, from the outset, was supposed to be universal and then discusses the particular needs of these groups, the evolving international and regional human rights framework, and the extent to which the legal framework addresses the needs of the group in question.
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Daly, Blánaid, Paul Batchelor, Elizabeth Treasure, and Richard Watt. "Prevention for people with disabilities and vulnerable groups." In Essential Dental Public Health. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199679379.003.0022.

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In this chapter we will look briefly at the prevention needs of people with disabilities and people who are vulnerable and require special care dental services for reasons that may be social. Within this group there will be a spectrum of people with needs and dependencies. Not everyone described as belonging to a vulnerable group in this chapter would identify themselves as disabled; nevertheless, what they have in common are a range of factors that put their oral health at risk, make accessing dental care complicated, or make the provision of dental care complicated. These factors may include a ‘physical, sensory, intellectual, mental, medical, emotional or social impairment or disability, or more often a combination of these factors’ (GDC 2012). People with disabilities have fewer teeth, more untreated disease, and more periodontal disease when compared to the general population in the UK (Department of Health 2007). Good oral health can contribute to better communication, nutrition, self-esteem, and reduction in pain and discomfort, while poor oral health can lead to pain, discomfort, communication difficulties, nutritional problems, and social exclusion (Department of Health 2007). As discussed in previous chapters, the important risk factors for oral diseases include: high-sugar diets, poor oral hygiene, smoking, and alcohol misuse. They are also shared risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases such as respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancers. The basic principles and approaches for the prevention of oral diseases in disabled people and vulnerable groups are similar to those described in previous chapters; however, there is a need to recognize that the context, the circumstances, the settings, and the opportunities for prevention will be slightly different, depending on the groups. For example, some disabled people (e.g. people with learning disabilities) may be reliant on others, such as family, carers, health care workers, to support basic self-care and to access health services. Other vulnerable groups such as homeless people live independent lives but lack access to basic facilities such as drinking water, and a place to store toothbrushes and toothpaste.
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McDonnell, Marian, Hannah O'Sheehan, and Irene Connolly. "Evaluating an E-Learning Application to Protect Vulnerable Users From Cyberbullying." In Advances in Computational Intelligence and Robotics. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9069-9.ch021.

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This research project evaluates Let's Be Safe, an e-learning application. This application aims to educate young adults with intellectual disability about cyberbullying—an issue prevalent among this population—and cybersafety. Twenty-two individuals with mild to moderate intellectual disability took part in the research. The study employed a mixed-methods design including observational and inquiry methods of usability evaluation as well as focus groups. The evaluation investigated the relationships between perceived aesthetics, emotional response, and usability for the application. The focus group gathered information from the participants regarding their knowledge and experience of cyberbullying and cybersafety. The analyses found no significant relationships between aesthetics, emotional response, and usability for this user group. However, the research gathered data, which will contribute to the development of Let's Be Safe. The findings of the focus group revealed that cyberbullying is an issue among this population.
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McDonnell, Marian, Hannah O'Sheehan, and Irene Connolly. "Evaluating an E-Learning Application to Protect Vulnerable Users From Cyberbullying." In Research Anthology on Physical and Intellectual Disabilities in an Inclusive Society. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3542-7.ch015.

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This research project evaluates Let's Be Safe, an e-learning application. This application aims to educate young adults with intellectual disability about cyberbullying—an issue prevalent among this population—and cybersafety. Twenty-two individuals with mild to moderate intellectual disability took part in the research. The study employed a mixed-methods design including observational and inquiry methods of usability evaluation as well as focus groups. The evaluation investigated the relationships between perceived aesthetics, emotional response, and usability for the application. The focus group gathered information from the participants regarding their knowledge and experience of cyberbullying and cybersafety. The analyses found no significant relationships between aesthetics, emotional response, and usability for this user group. However, the research gathered data, which will contribute to the development of Let's Be Safe. The findings of the focus group revealed that cyberbullying is an issue among this population.
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Conference papers on the topic "Vulnerable BME groups"

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Xu, Huijie, Zhenfei Zhan, Yunlei Yin, et al. "An Analytical Study of BMI Effects on Obese Senior Females in Vehicle Frontal Impact." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-10918.

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Abstract Prior works showed that elderly females are a vulnerable segment of the population that needs special attention for their safety in traffic accidents. To study the injury performance of this vulnerable group in motor vehicle crashes (MVCs), a finite element model was developed to represent the full body of 70-year-old regular sized female. However, this model did not take the variations in size and shape among this group of people into account. In this study, an adaptive radial basis functions (RBF) methodology is developed to rapidly morph the baseline model to the target models defi
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Balaji, R., S. A. Sannasiraj, and V. Sundar. "Laboratory Simulation and Analysis of Wave Groups." In 25th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2006-92144.

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The coastal and offshore structures are some times exposed to group of waves with successive higher wave elevations exceeding the significant wave height, which is considered to be vulnerable for the stability of the structures. Hence, the knowledge on the existence and frequency of occurrence of ocean wave groups at a particular region of interest is important for the design of the ocean structures. In the present study, the wave groups were simulated theoretically and the same was generated in the laboratory wave flume. The measured wave elevations were analysed through statistical, spectral
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Mitrović, Ljubinko, and Predrag Raosavljević. "HUMAN RIGHTS OMBUDSMEN IN THE PANDEMIC: CHALLENGES IN PROTECTION OF VULNERABLE GROUPS." In EU 2021 – The future of the EU in and after the pandemic. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/18353.

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Pandemic of virus COVID-19 posed numerous and unprecedented challenges to citizens and authorities which required shift in behavior and actions of all segments of society. Representing Ombudsmen Institution of Bosnia and Herzegovina, authors shared their experience in monitoring implementation of the decisions of all levels of government and presented challenges in striking the right balance between interests of public health and protection of rights of vulnerable groups. Public authorities in Bosnia and Herzegovina have passed emergency measures aimed at containing the spread of virus, but so
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Huang, Xueying, Chun Yang, Jie Zheng, et al. "Sudden Death in Coronary Artery Disease are Associated With High 3D Critical Plaque Wall Stress: A 3D Multi-Patient FSI Study Based on Ex Vivo MRI of Coronary Plaques." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14501.

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Atherosclerotic plaque rupture is the primary cause of cardiovascular clinical events such as heart attack and stroke. It is commonly believed that plaque rupture may be linked to critical mechanical conditions. Image-based computational models of vulnerable plaques have been introduced seeking critical mechanical indicators which may be used to identify potential sites of rupture [1–5]. A recent study by Tang et al. [4] using in vivo MRI-based 3D fluid-structure interaction (FSI) models for human carotid plaques with and without rupture reported that higher critical plaque wall stress (CPWS)
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Walsh, Hannah S., Andy Dong, and Irem Y. Tumer. "The Structure of Vulnerable Nodes in Behavioral Network Models of Complex Engineered Systems." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-67866.

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All methods associated with failure analysis attempt to identify critical design variables and parameters such that appropriate process controls can be implemented to detect problems before they occur. This paper introduces a new approach to the identification of critical design variables and parameters through the concept of bridging nodes. Using a network-based perspective in which design parameters and variables are modeled as nodes, results show that vulnerable parameters tend to be bridging nodes, which are nodes that connect two or more groups of nodes that are organized together in orde
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Li, Rui, Aaron A. Smith, Harshitha S. Tadinada, and Zion T. H. Tse. "Heatguard: An Ultra-Low-Cost 3D Printed Sensor for Body Temperature Alert and Reporting System." In 2018 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2018-6914.

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The thermochromic device is a low-cost 3D-printed bracelet. It has the function of reading body temperature and warns individuals of the potential risk for heat related illnesses. The product is created from a thermochromic resin that is sensitive to temperature. This product can be customized to fit different age groups such as children and elders. Combined with the smartphone application, the device can provide realtime body temperature monitoring and alert to people who are vulnerable to heatstroke.
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Lantz, Jonas, Roland Gårdhagen, Joakim Wren, and Matts Karlsson. "Heating in a Stenosed Coronary Artery With Pulsating Flow and Non-Newtonian Viscosity." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192532.

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Cardiovascular disease is the most prevalent cause of death in the developed countries and most deaths are due to coronary atherosclerosis [1]. During the development of atherosclerosis, several stages can be distinguished including vulnerable plaque. This group of plaque has an inclination for erosion and rupture and is therefore of particular interest. Due to the inflammatory response of vulnerable plaque including an increased metabolism and thereby a locally increased temperature, it is possible to detect such warm cores by intracoronally temperature measurement under some prerequisitions.
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Kušar, Matej, Poul Linneberg, Joao Amado, Snežana Mašović, Nikola Tanasić, and Rade Hajdin. "Quality control plan for road bridges – overview of COST Action TU1406 WG3 final report." In IABSE Symposium, Guimarães 2019: Towards a Resilient Built Environment Risk and Asset Management. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/guimaraes.2019.1298.

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<p>The main objective of the COST Action TU1406 is to develop a guideline for the establishment of Quality Control plans for roadway bridges. The guideline is based on conclusions of Working groups 1 and 2 of the Action and is further developed with the contributions and findings of members of Working group 3. The paper presents the overview of the developed framework, where gradual damage processes as well as sudden events are being addressed in evaluation of Key Performance Indicators. The proposed framework relies on data from design and construction phase, as well as from results fro
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Robinson, Clive G., Zoë E. Wattis, Colin Dooley, and Sladjana Popovic. "Assessment of the Threat From Wildfires on Above Ground Natural Gas Facilities." In 2018 12th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2018-78059.

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In the light of recent experience of wildfires in Alberta and British Columbia, Alliance Pipeline has strengthened their emergency preparedness in dealing with external fire events that have the potential to affect above-ground facilities connected with their high pressure natural gas pipeline system. As part of this initiative a quantitative methodology has been developed that enables the effects of a wildfire on an above-ground pipeline facility to be assessed. The methodology consists of three linked calculations which assess: 1. the severity of the wildfire, based on information from the C
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Hyun, Sinjae, Sun Jin Moon, and Chong S. Kim. "Computational Modeling of Aerosol Deposition Characteristics in Cyclic Bifurcating Tube Flow." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19169.

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An accurate model of the human respiratory system allows health scientists to gain insight into the interactions between particulate matter (PM) and the exposed surfaces of the lung airways. Respiratory dose simulations and modeling are frequently used for evaluating health effects of inhaled toxic substances [1–4] and for analyzing the risk potentials of inhaled toxic or harmful PM such as vehicle emissions [4,5]. Pharmaceutical companies and pulmonologists find it useful in evaluating efficacy of inhaled medicinal aerosols and devising new patient treatment regimen [6–8], especially in vulne
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Reports on the topic "Vulnerable BME groups"

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Erulkar, Annabel, and Erica Chong. Evaluation of a savings and micro-credit program for vulnerable young women in Nairobi. Population Council, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy19.1010.

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Tap and Reposition Youth (TRY) was a four-year initiative undertaken by the Population Council and K-Rep Development Agency to reduce adolescents’ vulnerabilities to adverse social and reproductive health outcomes by improving livelihoods options. The project targeted out-of-school adolescent girls and young women aged 16–22 residing in low-income and slum areas of Nairobi. TRY used a modified group-based micro-finance model to extend integrated savings, credit, business support, and mentoring to out-of-school adolescents and young women. A longitudinal study of participants was conducted with
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Price, Roz. Access to Climate Finance by Women and Marginalised Groups in the Global South. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.083.

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This paper examines the issue of management of climate finance in the Global South. It acknowledges the efforts made by the various stakeholders so far but seeks to advance a clarion call for a more inclusive and targeted approach in dealing with climate change. The authors highlight the limited role played by least developed countries and small island developing states in contributing to the conversation on climate change. The authors emphasize the need for enhancing the role of the most vulnerable countries, marginalized groups, and indigenous peoples in the management of climate change. Thi
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Tamale, Nona. Adding Fuel to Fire: How IMF demands for austerity will drive up inequality worldwide. Oxfam, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.7864.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has dealt a huge blow to every country, and many governments have struggled to meet their populations’ urgent needs during the crisis. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has stepped in to offer extra support to a large number of countries during the pandemic. However, Oxfam’s analysis shows that as of 15 March 2021, 85% of the 107 COVID-19 loans negotiated between the IMF and 85 governments indicate plans to undertake austerity once the health crisis abates. The findings in this briefing paper show that the IMF is systematically encouraging countries to adopt austerity
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Ajzenman, Nicolás, Gregory Elacqua, Luana Marotta, and Anne Sofie Olsen. Order Effects and Employment Decisions: Experimental Evidence from a Nationwide Program. Inter-American Development Bank, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003558.

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In this paper, we show that order effects operate in the context of high-stakes, real-world decisions: employment choices. We experimentally evaluate a nationwide program in Ecuador that changed the order of teaching vacancies on a job application platform in order to reduce teacher sorting (that is, lower-income students are more likely to attend schools with less qualified teachers). In the treatment arm, the platform showed hard-to-staff schools (institutions typically located in more vulnerable areas that normally have greater difficulty attracting teachers) first, while in the control gro
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Javed, Umair, Aiza Hussain, and Hassan Aziz. Demanding Power: Contentious Politics and Electricity in Pakistan. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2021.047.

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This paper explores Pakistan’s electricity supply crisis that lasted from 2007 to 2015, and the ensuing contention that shaped public discourse and political events in the country. During this period, which witnessed electricity outages of up to 14 hours per day, 456 incidents of contention took place, with just under 20 per cent escalating into some form of violence. Electricity became the number one political issue in the country and was integral in shaping the outcomes of the 2013 General Election. Following the election, public authorities undertook extensive investment to expand capacity
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Enfield, Sue. Covid-19 Impact on Employment and Skills for the Labour Market. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.081.

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This literature review draws from academic and grey literature, published largely as institutional reports and blogs. Most information found considered global impacts on employment and the labour market with the particular impact for the very high numbers of youth, women, migrant workers, and people with disabilities who are more likely to be employed in the informal sector. There has been a high negative impact on the informal sector and for precariously employed groups. The informal labour market is largest in low and middle-income countries and engages 2 billion workers (62 percent) of the
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Michalak, Julia, Josh Lawler, John Gross, and Caitlin Littlefield. A strategic analysis of climate vulnerability of national park resources and values. National Park Service, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2287214.

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The U.S. national parks have experienced significant climate-change impacts and rapid, on-going changes are expected to continue. Despite the significant climate-change vulnerabilities facing parks, relatively few parks have conducted comprehensive climate-change vulnerability assessments, defined as assessments that synthesize vulnerability information from a wide range of sources, identify key climate-change impacts, and prioritize vulnerable park resources (Michalak et al. In review). In recognition that funding and planning capacity is limited, this project was initiated to identify geogra
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McKenna, Patrick, and Mark Evans. Emergency Relief and complex service delivery: Towards better outcomes. Queensland University of Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.211133.

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Emergency Relief (ER) is a Department of Social Services (DSS) funded program, delivered by 197 community organisations (ER Providers) across Australia, to assist people facing a financial crisis with financial/material aid and referrals to other support programs. ER has been playing this important role in Australian communities since 1979. Without ER, more people living in Australia who experience a financial crisis might face further harm such as crippling debt or homelessness. The Emergency Relief National Coordination Group (NCG) was established in April 2020 at the start of the COVID-19 p
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