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Journal articles on the topic 'VVC, Versatile Video Coding'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 1 June 2024
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Silva, Giovane Gomes, Ícaro Gonçalves Siqueira, Mateus Grellert, and Claudio Machado Diniz. "Approximate Hardware Architecture for Interpolation Filter of Versatile Video Coding." Journal of Integrated Circuits and Systems 16, no. 2 (2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.29292/jics.v16i2.327.

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The new Versatile Video Coding (VVC) standard was recently developed to improve compression efficiency of previous video coding standards and to support new applications. This was achieved at the cost of an increase in the computational complexity of the encoder algorithms, which leads to the need to develop hardware accelerators and to apply approximate computing techniques to achieve the performance and power dissipation required for systems that encode video. This work proposes the implementation of an approximate hardware architecture for interpolation filters defined in the VVC standard t
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Choi, Kiho. "A Study on Fast and Low-Complexity Algorithms for Versatile Video Coding." Sensors 22, no. 22 (2022): 8990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22228990.

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Versatile Video Coding (VVC)/H.266, completed in 2020, provides half the bitrate of the previous video coding standard (i.e., High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC)/H.265) while maintaining the same visual quality. The primary goal of VVC/H.266 is to achieve a compression capability that is noticeably better than that of HEVC/H.265, as well as the functionality to support a variety of applications with a single profile. Although VVC/H.266 has improved its coding performance by incorporating new advanced technologies with flexible partitioning, the increased encoding complexity has become a challe
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Zouidi, Naima, Amina Kessentini, Wassim Hamidouche, Nouri Masmoudi, and Daniel Menard. "Multitask Learning Based Intra-Mode Decision Framework for Versatile Video Coding." Electronics 11, no. 23 (2022): 4001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11234001.

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In mid-2020, the new international video coding standard, namely versatile video coding (VVC), was officially released by the Joint Video Expert Team (JVET). As its name indicates, the VVC enables a higher level of versatility with better compression performance compared to its predecessor, high-efficiency video coding (HEVC). VVC introduces several new coding tools like multiple reference lines (MRL) and matrix-weighted intra-prediction (MIP), along with several improvements on the block-based hybrid video coding scheme such as quatree with nested multi-type tree (QTMT) and finer-granularity
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4

Pamidi, Lakshmi Amrutha Valli, and Purnachand Nalluri. "Optimized in-loop filtering in versatile video coding using improved fast guided filter." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 33, no. 2 (2024): 911–19. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v33.i2.pp911-919.

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Devices with varying display capabilities from a common source may face degradation in video quality because of the limitation in transmission bandwidth and storage. The solution to overcome this challenge is to enrich the video quality. For the mentioned purpose, this paper introduces an improved fast guided filter (IFGF) for the contemporary video coding standard H.266/VVC (versatile video coding), a continuation of H.265/HEVC (high efficiency video coding). VVC includes several types of coding techniques to enhance video coding efficiency over existing video coding standards. Despite that,
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Im, Sio-Kei, and Ka-Hou Chan. "Faster Intra-Prediction of Versatile Video Coding Using a Concatenate-Designed CNN via DCT Coefficients." Electronics 13, no. 11 (2024): 2214. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13112214.

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As the next generation video coding standard, Versatile Video Coding (VVC) significantly improves coding efficiency over the current High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard. In practice, this improvement comes at the cost of increased pre-processing complexity. This increased complexity faces the challenge of implementing VVC for time-consuming encoding. This work presents a technique to simplify VVC intra-prediction using Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) feature analysis and a concatenate-designed CNN. The coefficients of the (DTC-)transformed CUs reflect the complexity of the original te
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Amrutha Valli Pamidi, Lakshmi, and Purnachand Nalluri. "Optimized in-loop filtering in versatile video coding using improved fast guided filter." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 33, no. 2 (2024): 911. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v33.i2.pp911-919.

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<p>Devices with varying display capabilities from a common source may face degradation in video quality because of the limitation in transmission bandwidth and storage. The solution to overcome this challenge is to enrich the video quality. For the mentioned purpose, this paper introduces an improved fast guided filter (IFGF) for the contemporary video coding standard H.266/VVC (versatile video coding), a continuation of H.265/HEVC (high efficiency video coding). VVC includes several types of coding techniques to enhance video coding efficiency over existing video coding standards. Despi
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Jung, Seongwon, and Dongsan Jun. "Context-Based Inter Mode Decision Method for Fast Affine Prediction in Versatile Video Coding." Electronics 10, no. 11 (2021): 1243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10111243.

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Versatile Video Coding (VVC) is the most recent video coding standard developed by Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) that can achieve a bit-rate reduction of 50% with perceptually similar quality compared to the previous method, namely High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC). Although VVC can support the significant coding performance, it leads to the tremendous computational complexity of VVC encoder. In particular, VVC has newly adopted an affine motion estimation (AME) method to overcome the limitations of the translational motion model at the expense of higher encoding complexity. In this paper,
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高啟洲, 高啟洲, та 賴美妤 Chi-Chou Kao. "基於深度學習之改良式多功能影像編碼快速畫面內模式決策研究". 理工研究國際期刊 12, № 1 (2022): 037–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.53106/222344892022041201004.

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<p>H.266/Versatile Video Coding (VVC) 是針對 4K 以上的超高畫質影片，且能適用在高動態範圍(High Dynamic Range Imaging, HDR)及廣色域(wide color gamut, WCG)中，但基於四元樹加二元樹(Quadtree plus Binary Tree, QTBT)的編碼單元(Coding Unit, CU)結構增加了 H.266/VVC 編碼的計算複雜性。本論文提出了一種基於深度學習之改良式多功能影像編碼快速畫面內模式決策方法，減少 H.266/VVC 內編碼複雜性以加快H.266/VVC 的編碼速度，並將畫面內影像編碼結合卷積神經網路(Convolutional Neural Networks, CNN)在 H.266/VVC 畫面內編碼的模式預測決策，以達到比原始編碼方式(JEM7.0)更好的編碼效能。</p> <p> </p><p>H.266/VVC is ultra-high-definition video over 4K, and can be applied in High Dynamic Range Imaging (HDR) and wide color gamut (WCG). However, it has
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Li, Minghui, Zhaohong Li, and Zhenzhen Zhang. "A VVC Video Steganography Based on Coding Units in Chroma Components with a Deep Learning Network." Symmetry 15, no. 1 (2022): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym15010116.

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Versatile Video Coding (VVC) is the latest video coding standard, but currently, most steganographic algorithms are based on High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC). The concept of symmetry is often adopted in deep neural networks. With the rapid rise of new multimedia, video steganography shows great research potential. This paper proposes a VVC steganographic algorithm based on Coding Units (CUs). Considering the novel techniques in VVC, the proposed steganography only uses chroma CUs to embed secret information. Based on modifying the partition modes of chroma CUs, we propose four different emb
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Mishra, Amit Kumar. "Versatile Video Coding (VVC) Standard: Overview and Applications." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 10, no. 2 (2019): 975–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v10i2.13578.

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Information security includes picture and video compression and encryption since compressed data is more secure than uncompressed imagery. Another point is that handling data of smaller sizes is simple. Therefore, efficient, secure, and simple data transport methods are created through effective data compression technology. Consequently, there are two different sorts of compression algorithm techniques: lossy compressions and lossless compressions. Any type of data format, including text, audio, video, and picture files, may leverage these technologies. In this procedure, the Least Significant
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Aisha, Qurat Ul Ain, Young-Ju Choi, Jongho Kim, Sung-Chang Lim, Jin Soo Choi, and Byung-Gyu Kim. "Deep Inter Prediction for Versatile Video Coding (VVC)." Journal of Multimedia Information System 11, no. 3 (2024): 175–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.33851/jmis.2024.11.3.175.

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Saha, Anup, Miguel Chavarrías, Fernando Pescador, Ángel M. Groba, Kheyter Chassaigne, and Pedro L. Cebrián. "Complexity Analysis of a Versatile Video Coding Decoder over Embedded Systems and General Purpose Processors." Sensors 21, no. 10 (2021): 3320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21103320.

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The increase in high-quality video consumption requires increasingly efficient video coding algorithms. Versatile video coding (VVC) is the current state-of-the-art video coding standard. Compared to the previous video standard, high efficiency video coding (HEVC), VVC demands approximately 50% higher video compression while maintaining the same quality and significantly increasing the computational complexity. In this study, coarse-grain profiling of a VVC decoder over two different platforms was performed: One platform was based on a high-performance general purpose processor (HGPP), and the
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13

Chen, Lei, Baoping Cheng, Haotian Zhu, Haowen Qin, Lihua Deng, and Lei Luo. "Fast Versatile Video Coding (VVC) Intra Coding for Power-Constrained Applications." Electronics 13, no. 11 (2024): 2150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13112150.

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Versatile Video Coding (VVC) achieves impressive coding gain improvement (about 40%+) over the preceding High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) technology at the cost of extremely high computational complexity. Such an extremely high complexity increase is a great challenge for power-constrained applications, such as Internet of video things. In the case of intra coding, VVC utilizes the brute-force recursive search for both the partition structure of the coding unit (CU), which is based on the quadtree with nested multi-type tree (QTMT), and 67 intra prediction modes, compared to 35 in HEVC. As
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Chen, Guojie, and Min Lin. "Sample-Based Gradient Edge and Angular Prediction for VVC Lossless Intra-Coding." Applied Sciences 14, no. 4 (2024): 1653. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14041653.

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Lossless coding is a compression method in the Versatile Video Coding (VVC) standard, which can compress video without distortion. Lossless coding has great application prospects in fields with high requirements for video quality. Since the current VVC standard is mainly designed for lossy coding, the compression efficiency of VVC lossless coding makes it hard to meet people’s needs. In order to improve the performance of VVC lossless coding, this paper proposes a sample-based intra-gradient edge detection and angular prediction (SGAP) method. SGAP utilizes the characteristics of lossless intr
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Li, Ximei, Jun He, Qi Li, and Xingru Chen. "An Adjacency Encoding Information-Based Fast Affine Motion Estimation Method for Versatile Video Coding." Electronics 11, no. 21 (2022): 3429. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11213429.

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Versatile video coding (VVC), a new generation video coding standard, achieves significant improvements over high efficiency video coding (HEVC) due to its added advanced coding tools. Despite the fact that affine motion estimation adopted in VVC takes into account the translational, rotational, and scaling motions of the object to improve the accuracy of interprediction, this technique adds a high computational complexity, making VVC unsuitable for use in real-time applications. To address this issue, an adjacency encoding information-based fast affine motion estimation method for VVC is prop
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Lee, Taesik, and Dongsan Jun. "Fast Mode Decision Method of Multiple Weighted Bi-Predictions Using Lightweight Multilayer Perceptron in Versatile Video Coding." Electronics 12, no. 12 (2023): 2685. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12122685.

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Versatile Video Coding (VVC), the state-of-the-art video coding standard, was developed by the Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) of ISO/IEC Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) and ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG) in 2020. Although VVC can provide powerful coding performance, it requires tremendous computational complexity to determine the optimal mode decision during the encoding process. In particular, VVC adopted the bi-prediction with CU-level weight (BCW) as one of the new tools, which enhanced the coding efficiency of conventional bi-prediction by assigning different weights to the t
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Jiang, Xiantao, Mo Xiang, Jiayuan Jin, and Tian Song. "Extreme Learning Machine-Enabled Coding Unit Partitioning Algorithm for Versatile Video Coding." Information 14, no. 9 (2023): 494. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info14090494.

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The versatile video coding (VVC) standard offers improved coding efficiency compared to the high efficiency video coding (HEVC) standard in multimedia signal coding. However, this increased efficiency comes at the cost of increased coding complexity. This work proposes an efficient coding unit partitioning algorithm based on an extreme learning machine (ELM), which can reduce the coding complexity while ensuring coding efficiency. Firstly, the coding unit size decision is modeled as a classification problem. Secondly, an ELM classifier is trained to predict the coding unit size. In the experim
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Teng, Guowei, Danqi Xiong, Ran Ma, and Ping An. "Decision tree accelerated CTU partition algorithm for intra prediction in versatile video coding." PLOS ONE 16, no. 11 (2021): e0258890. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258890.

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Versatile video coding (VVC) achieves enormous improvement over the advanced high efficiency video coding (HEVC) standard due to the adoption of the quadtree with nested multi-type tree (QTMT) partition structure and other coding tools. However, the computational complexity increases dramatically as well. To tackle this problem, we propose a decision tree accelerated coding tree units (CTU) partition algorithm for intra prediction in VVC. Firstly, specially designated image features are extracted to characterize the coding unit (CU) complexity. Then, the trained decision tree is employed to pr
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Palau, Roberta De Carvalho Nobre, Bianca Santos da Cunha Silveira, Robson André Domanski, et al. "Modern Video Coding: Methods, Challenges and Systems." Journal of Integrated Circuits and Systems 16, no. 2 (2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.29292/jics.v16i2.503.

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With the increasing demand for digital video applications in our daily lives, video coding and decoding become critical tasks that must be supported by several types of devices and systems. This paper presents a discussion of the main challenges to design dedicated hardware architectures based on modern hybrid video coding formats, such as the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), the AOMedia Video 1 (AV1) and the Versatile Video Coding (VVC). The paper discusses eachstep of the hybrid video coding process, highlighting the main challenges for each codec and discussing the main hardware solutio
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Das, Tanni, Xilong Liang, and Kiho Choi. "Versatile Video Coding-Post Processing Feature Fusion: A Post-Processing Convolutional Neural Network with Progressive Feature Fusion for Efficient Video Enhancement." Applied Sciences 14, no. 18 (2024): 8276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14188276.

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Advanced video codecs such as High Efficiency Video Coding/H.265 (HEVC) and Versatile Video Coding/H.266 (VVC) are vital for streaming high-quality online video content, as they compress and transmit data efficiently. However, these codecs can occasionally degrade video quality by adding undesirable artifacts such as blockiness, blurriness, and ringing, which can detract from the viewer’s experience. To ensure a seamless and engaging video experience, it is essential to remove these artifacts, which improves viewer comfort and engagement. In this paper, we propose a deep feature fusion based c
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Tian, Erlin, Yifan Yang, and Qiuwen Zhang. "Fast CU Partition Decision Algorithm Based on Bayesian and Texture Features." Electronics 13, no. 20 (2024): 4082. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13204082.

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As internet speeds increase and user demands for video quality grow, video coding standards continue to evolve. H.266/Versatile Video Coding (VVC), as the new generation of video coding standards, further improves compression efficiency but also brings higher computational complexity. Despite the significant advancements VVC has made in compression ratio and video quality, the introduction of new coding techniques and complex coding unit (CU) partitioning methods have also led to increased encoding complexity. This complexity not only extends encoding time but also increases hardware resource
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Shu, Zhengjie, Junyi Li, Zongju Peng, Fen Chen, and Mei Yu. "Intra Complexity Control Algorithm for VVC." Electronics 11, no. 16 (2022): 2572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11162572.

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Versatile Video Coding (VVC) has advantages over High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC); it can save nearly half of the bit rate and significantly improve the compression efficiency, but VVC’s coding complexity is extremely high. Therefore, VVC encoders are difficult to implement in video devices with different computing capabilities and power constraints. In this paper, we apply texture information and propose a VVC intra complexity control algorithm. The algorithm assigns a different encoding time to each CU based on the corresponding texture entropy. Besides, the complexity reduction strategy
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Song, Hyeonju, and Yung-Lyul Lee. "Inverse Transform Using Linearity for Video Coding." Electronics 11, no. 5 (2022): 760. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11050760.

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In hybrid block-based video coding, transform plays an important role in energy compaction. Transform coding converts residual data in the spatial domain into frequency domain data, thereby concentrating energy in a lower frequency band. In VVC (versatile video coding), the primary transform is performed using DCT-II (discrete cosine transform type 2), DST-VII (discrete sine transform type 7), and DCT-VIII (discrete cosine transform type 8). Considering that DCT-II, DST-VII, and DCT-VIII are all linear transforms, inverse transform is proposed to reduce the number of computations by using the
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JABALLAH, Sami, and Mohamed-Chaker LARABI. "Complexity Optimization for the Upcoming Versatile Video Coding Standard." Electronic Imaging 2020, no. 9 (2020): 286–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2470-1173.2020.9.iqsp-286.

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The Versatile Video Coding (VVC) is forseen as the next generation video coding standard. The main objective is to achieve coding efficiency improvement of about 50% bit-rate reduction compared to the previous standard HEVC at the same visual quality by 2020. In this paper, a fast VVC encoder is proposed based on an early split termination for fast intra CU selection. Taking into account edge complexity of the block and the best intra prediction mode obtained at the current block size, an early split termination is proposed. Using spatial neighboring coding unit depths (quad-tree, binary-tree
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Lee, Sujin, Sang-hyo Park, and Dongsan Jun. "Object-Cooperated Ternary Tree Partitioning Decision Method for Versatile Video Coding." Sensors 22, no. 17 (2022): 6328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22176328.

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In this paper, we propose an object-cooperated decision method for efficient ternary tree (TT) partitioning that reduces the encoding complexity of versatile video coding (VVC). In most previous studies, the VVC complexity was reduced using decision schemes based on the encoding context, which do not apply object detecion models. We assume that high-level objects are important for deciding whether complex TT partitioning is required because they can provide hints on the characteristics of a video. Herein, we apply an object detection model that discovers and extracts the high-level object feat
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Zhao, Shuai, Xiwu Shang, Guozhong Wang, and Haiwu Zhao. "A Fast Algorithm for Intra-Frame Versatile Video Coding Based on Edge Features." Sensors 23, no. 13 (2023): 6244. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23136244.

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Versatile Video Coding (VVC) introduces many new coding technologies, such as quadtree with nested multi-type tree (QTMT), which greatly improves the efficiency of VVC coding. However, its computational complexity is higher, which affects the application of VVC in real-time scenarios. Aiming to solve the problem of the high complexity of VVC intra coding, we propose a low-complexity partition algorithm based on edge features. Firstly, the Laplacian of Gaussian (LOG) operator was used to extract the edges in the coding frame, and the edges were divided into vertical and horizontal edges. Then,
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Lee, Junghyun, and Jechang Jeong. "Performance Comparison of Weak Filtering in HEVC and VVC." Electronics 9, no. 6 (2020): 960. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9060960.

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This study describes the need to improve the weak filtering method for the in-loop filter process used identically in versatile video coding (VVC) and high efficiency video coding (HEVC). The weak filtering process used by VVC has been adopted and maintained since Draft Four during H.265/advanced video coding (AVC) standardization. Because the encoding process in the video codec utilizes block structural units, deblocking filters are essential. However, as many of the deblocking filters require a complex calculation process, it is necessary to ensure that they have a reasonable effect. This st
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Yoon, Yong-Uk, and Jae-Gon Kim. "Activity-Based Block Partitioning Decision Method for Versatile Video Coding." Electronics 11, no. 7 (2022): 1061. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11071061.

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Versatile Video Coding (VVC), the latest international video coding standard, has more than twice the compression performance of High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) through adopting various coding techniques. The multi-type tree (MTT) block structure offers more advanced flexible block partitioning by allowing the binary tree (BT) and ternary tree (TT) structures, as well as the quadtree (QT) structure. Because VVC selects the optimal block partition by performing encoding on all possible CU partitions, the encoding complexity increases enormously. In this paper, we observe the relationship be
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Bukit, Alexander Victor, Suwadi Suwadi, and Wirawan Wirawan. "Low complexity rate control for versatile video coding with hybrid Lagrange multiplier." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 15, no. 2 (2025): 1686–95. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v15i2.pp1686-1695.

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Versatile video coding (VVC) has a notable increase in encoding efficiency over high efficiency video coding (HEVC) but bandwidth and storage are limited in real-world video applications, so rate control is crucial. Even if VVC shows a notable increase in encoding capacity over HEVC, the rate control may create fluctuations in video quality and computational complexity. This fluctuation can have a significant impact on the watching experience, particularly in low-bitrate settings. The rate control variables of the consistent resolution and the decreased resolution are proposed in order to make
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Li, Wei, Xiantao Jiang, Jiayuan Jin, Tian Song, and Fei Richard Yu. "Saliency-Enabled Coding Unit Partitioning and Quantization Control for Versatile Video Coding." Information 13, no. 8 (2022): 394. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info13080394.

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The latest video coding standard, versatile video coding (VVC), has greatly improved coding efficiency over its predecessor standard high efficiency video coding (HEVC), but at the expense of sharply increased complexity. In the context of perceptual video coding (PVC), the visual saliency model that utilizes the characteristics of the human visual system to improve coding efficiency has become a reliable method due to advances in computer performance and visual algorithms. In this paper, a novel VVC optimization scheme compliant PVC framework is proposed, which consists of fast coding unit (C
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Bukit, Alexander Victor, Suwadi Suwadi, and Wirawan Wirawan. "Low complexity rate control for versatile video coding with hybrid Lagrange multiplier." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 15, no. 2 (2025): 1686. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v15i2.pp1686-1695.

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Versatile video coding (VVC) has a notable increase in encoding efficiency over high efficiency video coding (HEVC) but bandwidth and storage are limited in real-world video applications, so rate control is crucial. Even if VVC shows a notable increase in encoding capacity over HEVC, the rate control may create fluctuations in video quality and computational complexity. This fluctuation can have a significant impact on the watching experience, particularly in low-bitrate settings. The rate control variables of the consistent resolution and the decreased resolution are proposed in order to make
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Kim, Seonjae, Dongsan Jun, Byung-Gyu Kim, Seungkwon Beack, Misuk Lee, and Taejin Lee. "Two-Dimensional Audio Compression Method Using Video Coding Schemes." Electronics 10, no. 9 (2021): 1094. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10091094.

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As video compression is one of the core technologies that enables seamless media streaming within the available network bandwidth, it is crucial to employ media codecs to support powerful coding performance and higher visual quality. Versatile Video Coding (VVC) is the latest video coding standard developed by the Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) that can compress original data hundreds of times in the image or video; the latest audio coding standard, Unified Speech and Audio Coding (USAC), achieves a compression rate of about 20 times for audio or speech data. In this paper, we propose a pre-p
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Touzani, Hajar, Fatima Errahimi, Anass Mansouri, and Ali Ahaitouf. "Complexity analysis of the VVenC versus VVC encoder." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 35, no. 2 (2024): 898. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v35.i2.pp898-906.

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The joint video experts team (JVET) has recently finalized a next-generation open-source video codec, called versatile video coding (VVC). The new standard presents a higher gain in the run time and rate compressions. Based on the reference software (VTM, VVC Test Model) of VVC, an optimized encoder was developed these last years resulting in a fast and efficient encoder, called Fraunhofer versatile video encoder (VVenC). Based on the Bjontegaard methodology and the GPROF profiling tool, this paper presents a technical complexity analysis and comparison of both VVC and VVenC. The appropriate c
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Hajar, Touzani Fatima Errahimi Anass Mansouri Ali Ahaitouf. "Complexity analysis of the VVenC versus VVC encoder." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 35, no. 2 (2024): 898–906. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v35.i2.pp898-906.

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The joint video experts team (JVET) has recently finalized a next-generation open-source video codec, called versatile video coding (VVC). The new standard presents a higher gain in the run time and rate compressions. Based on the reference software (VTM, VVC Test Model) of VVC, an optimized encoder was developed these last years resulting in a fast and efficient encoder, called Fraunhofer versatile video encoder (VVenC). Based on the Bjontegaard methodology and the GPROF profiling tool, this paper presents a technical complexity analysis and comparison of both VVC and VVenC. The appropriate c
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Park, Dohyeon, Gihwa Moon, Byung Tae Oh, and Jae-Gon Kim. "Coarse-to-Fine Network-Based Intra Prediction in Versatile Video Coding." Sensors 23, no. 23 (2023): 9452. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23239452.

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After the development of the Versatile Video Coding (VVC) standard, research on neural network-based video coding technologies continues as a potential approach for future video coding standards. Particularly, neural network-based intra prediction is receiving attention as a solution to mitigate the limitations of traditional intra prediction performance in intricate images with limited spatial redundancy. This study presents an intra prediction method based on coarse-to-fine networks that employ both convolutional neural networks and fully connected layers to enhance VVC intra prediction perf
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Bouaafia, Soulef, Seifeddine Messaoud, Randa Khemiri, and Fatma Elzahra Sayadi. "VVC In-Loop Filtering Based on Deep Convolutional Neural Network." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2021 (July 7, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9912839.

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With the rapid advancement in many multimedia applications, such as video gaming, computer vision applications, and video streaming and surveillance, video quality remains an open challenge. Despite the existence of the standardized video quality as well as high definition (HD) and ultrahigh definition (UHD), enhancing the quality for the video compression standard will improve the video streaming resolution and satisfy end user’s quality of service (QoS). Versatile video coding (VVC) is the latest video coding standard that achieves significant coding efficiency. VVC will help spread high-qua
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Citadin, Nicole, Ismael Seidel, Mateus Grellert, and José Luis Güntzel. "Variable Block Size Fractional Motion Estimation Hardware Architecture for VVC and HEVC Standards." Journal of Integrated Circuits and Systems 18, no. 3 (2023): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.29292/jics.v18i3.787.

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The ever-increasing growth in digital video consumption motivates the research and development of new video coding standards to improve coding efficiency. Among the several new tools that the Versatile Video Coding (VVC) standard introduced lies the Quadtree Plus Multi-Type Tree (QT+MTT), which improves upon the quadtree of High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) in terms of coding efficiency. Nevertheless, such improvements come at the cost of increased complexity. Hence, to meet the real-time and energy efficiency requirements, embedded devices must adopt techniques to effectively reduce the VVC
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Panagou, Natalia, Panagiotis Belememis, and Maria Koziri. "Image Segmentation Methods for Subpicture Partitioning in the VVC Video Encoder." Electronics 11, no. 13 (2022): 2070. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11132070.

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The emergence of the new generation video coding standard, Versatile Video Coding (VVC), has brought along novel features rendering the new standard more efficient and flexible than its predecessors. Aside from efficient compression of 8 k or higher camera-captured content, VVC also supports a wide range of applications, including computer-generated content, high dynamic range (HDR) content, multilayer and multi-view coding, video region extraction, as well as 360° video. One of the newly introduced coding tools in VVC, offering extraction and independent coding of rectangular sub-areas within
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He, Liqiang, Shuhua Xiong, Ruolan Yang, Xiaohai He, and Honggang Chen. "Low-Complexity Multiple Transform Selection Combining Multi-Type Tree Partition Algorithm for Versatile Video Coding." Sensors 22, no. 15 (2022): 5523. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22155523.

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Despite the fact that Versatile Video Coding (VVC) achieves a superior coding performance to High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), it takes a lot of time to encode video sequences due to the high computational complexity of the tools. Among these tools, Multiple Transform Selection (MTS) require the best of several transforms to be obtained using the Rate-Distortion Optimization (RDO) process, which increases the time spent video encoding, meaning that VVC is not suited to real-time sensor application networks. In this paper, a low-complexity multiple transform selection, combined with the mult
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Zhao, Jinchao, Aobo Wu, and Qiuwen Zhang. "SVM-Based Fast CU Partition Decision Algorithm for VVC Intra Coding." Electronics 11, no. 14 (2022): 2147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11142147.

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As a new coding standard, Versatile Video Coding (VVC) introduces the quad-tree plus multi-type tree (QTMT) partition structure, which significantly improves coding efficiency compared to High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC). The QTMT partition structure further enhances the flexibility of coding unit (CU) partitioning and improves the efficiency of VVC encoding high-resolution video, but introduces an unacceptable coding complexity at the same time. This paper proposes an SVM-based fast CU partition decision algorithm to reduce the coding complexity for VVC. First, the proportion of split mode
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Taabane, Ibrahim, Daniel Menard, Anass Mansouri, and Ali Ahaitouf. "Machine Learning Based Fast QTMTT Partitioning Strategy for VVenC Encoder in Intra Coding." Electronics 12, no. 6 (2023): 1338. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12061338.

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The newest video compression standard, Versatile Video Coding (VVC), was finalized in July 2020 by the Joint Video Experts Team (JVET). Its main goal is to reduce the bitrate by 50% over its predecessor video coding standard, the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC). Due to the new advanced tools and features included in VVC, it actually provides high coding performances—for instance, the Quad Tree with nested Multi-Type Tree (QTMTT) involved in the partitioning block. Furthermore, VVC introduces various techniques that allow for superior performance compared to HEVC, but with an increase in th
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Biatek, Thibaud, Mohsen Abdoli, Mickael Raulet, et al. "Versatile Video Coding for 3.0 Next Generation Digital TV in Brazil." SET INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BROADCAST ENGINEERING 2021, no. 1 (2021): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18580/setijbe.2021.1.

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In the past few decades, the video broadcast ecosystem has gone through major changes; Originally transmitted using analog signals, it has been more and more transitioned toward digital, leveraging compression technologies and transport protocols, principally developed by MPEG. Along this way, the introduction of new video formats was achieved with standardization of new compression technologies for their better bandwidth preservation. Notably, SD with MPEG-2, HD with H.264, 4K/UHD with HEVC. In Brazil, the successive generations of digital broadcasting systems were developed by the SBTVD Foru
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Cho, Seunghyun, Dong-Wook Kim, and Seung-Won Jung. "Quality enhancement of VVC intra-frame coding for multimedia services over the Internet." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 16, no. 5 (2020): 155014772091764. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147720917647.

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In this article, versatile video coding, the next-generation video coding standard, is combined with a deep convolutional neural network to achieve state-of-the-art image compression efficiency. The proposed hierarchical grouped residual dense network exhaustively exploits hierarchical features in each architectural level to maximize the image quality enhancement capability. The basic building block employed for hierarchical grouped residual dense network is residual dense block which exploits hierarchical features from internal convolutional layers. Residual dense blocks are then combined int
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Han, Heeji, Daehyeok Gwon, Jeongil Seo, and Haechul Choi. "FR-IBC: Flipping and Rotation Intra Block Copy for Versatile Video Coding." Electronics 14, no. 2 (2025): 221. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14020221.

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Screen content has become increasingly important in multimedia applications owing to the growth of remote desktops, Wi-Fi displays, and cloud computing. However, these applications generate large amounts of data, and their limited bandwidth necessitates efficient video coding. While existing video coding standards have been optimized for natural videos originally captured by cameras, screen content has unique characteristics such as large homogeneous areas and repeated patterns. In this paper, we propose an enhanced intra block copy (IBC) method for screen content coding (SCC) in versatile vid
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Park, Sang-Hyo, and Je-Won Kang. "Fast Affine Motion Estimation for Versatile Video Coding (VVC) Encoding." IEEE Access 7 (2019): 158075–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2950388.

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Garcia, Bruna, Bianca Silveira, Claudio Diniz, Daniel Palomino, and Guilherme Correa. "Low-Power Inverse Multiple Transform Hardware Design for 8K@60fps Real-Time VVC Decoding." Journal of Integrated Circuits and Systems 18, no. 3 (2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.29292/jics.v18i3.799.

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The Versatile Video Coding (VVC) is a new standard released in 2020 and is considered the state-of-the-art technology in video coding. It introduces several innovative tools to achieve high coding efficiency, but, on the other side, requires a significantly higher computational effort. One of the innovations of the standard is the Multiple Transform Selection (MTS), which plays a crucial role in improving coding efficiency. MTS supports square and rectangular transform blocks and includes three transform types (DCT-II, DCT-VIII, and DST-VII) that can be combined in horizontal and vertical dire
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Tsai, Yu-Hsiang, Chen-Rung Lu, Mei-Juan Chen, Meng-Chun Hsieh, Chieh-Ming Yang, and Chia-Hung Yeh. "Visual Perception Based Intra Coding Algorithm for H.266/VVC." Electronics 12, no. 9 (2023): 2079. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12092079.

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The latest international video coding standard, H.266/Versatile Video Coding (VVC), supports high-definition videos, with resolutions from 4 K to 8 K or even larger. It offers a higher compression ratio than its predecessor, H.265/High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC). In addition to the quadtree partition structure of H.265/HEVC, the nested multi-type tree (MTT) structure of H.266/VVC provides more diverse splits through binary and ternary trees. It also includes many new coding tools, which tremendously increases the encoding complexity. This paper proposes a fast intra coding algorithm for H.
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García-Lucas, David, Gabriel Cebrián-Márquez, Antonio Jesus Diaz-Honrubia, Thanuja Mallikarachchi, and Pedro Cuenca. "A fast full partitioning algorithm for HEVC-to-VVC video transcoding using Bayesian classifiers." Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation 94 (June 5, 2023): 103829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvcir.2023.103829.

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The Versatile Video Coding (VVC) standard was released in 2020 to replace the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard, making it necessary to convert HEVC encoded content to VCC to exploit its compression performance, which was achieved by using a larger block size of 128 × 128 pixels, among other new coding tools. However, 80.93% of the encoding time is spent on finding a suitable block partitioning. To reduce this time, this proposal presents an HEVC-to-VVC transcoding algorithm focused on accelerating the CTU partitioning decisions. The transcoder takes different i
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Jing, Zhiyong, Wendi Zhu, and Qiuwen Zhang. "A Fast VVC Intra Prediction Based on Gradient Analysis and Multi-Feature Fusion CNN." Electronics 12, no. 9 (2023): 1963. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12091963.

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The Joint Video Exploration Team (JVET) has created the Versatile Video Coding Standard (VVC/H.266), the most up-to-date video coding standard, offering a broad selection of coding tools. The maturity of commercial VVC codecs can significantly reduce costs and improve coding efficiency. However, the latest video coding standards have introduced binomial and trinomial tree partitioning methods, which cause the coding units (CUs) to have various shapes, increasing the complexity of coding. This article proposes a technique to simplify VVC intra prediction through the use of gradient analysis and
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Schiopu, Ionut, and Adrian Munteanu. "Deep Learning Post-Filtering Using Multi-Head Attention and Multiresolution Feature Fusion for Image and Intra-Video Quality Enhancement." Sensors 22, no. 4 (2022): 1353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22041353.

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The paper proposes a novel post-filtering method based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for quality enhancement of RGB/grayscale images and video sequences. The lossy images are encoded using common image codecs, such as JPEG and JPEG2000. The video sequences are encoded using previous and ongoing video coding standards, high-efficiency video coding (HEVC) and versatile video coding (VVC), respectively. A novel deep neural network architecture is proposed to estimate fine refinement details for full-, half-, and quarter-patch resolutions. The proposed architecture is built using a set o
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