Academic literature on the topic 'Wages – European Economic Community countries'

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Journal articles on the topic "Wages – European Economic Community countries"

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Courtis, Kenneth S. "La politique industrielle dans la Communauté économique européenne : Crise et changement." Études internationales 12, no. 2 (2005): 269–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/701195ar.

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The ultimate goal of industrial policy is to allow constant improvement in both the quality and standard of living. Necessary conditions to such improvement are full employment at both high, real wages and at increasing rates of productivity. For the European Economic Community, productivity must not only increase absolutely but also relatively, in comparison to other international competitors. Yet during the 60's and early 70's, Europe's competitive position in a number of major industrial sectors weakened, such that the energy shock, when it did come, signaled a reversal in established terms
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Palapa, N., and O. Drebot. "Problems of sustainable rural development in foreign countries and ways of their solutions." Agroecological journal, no. 3 (September 29, 2015): 16–24. https://doi.org/10.33730/2077-4893.3.2015.317626.

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In the article the problems of rural areas both Ukraine and other countries are examined. The main problems include a steady decline in population, migration, weakening agricultural sector production, pollution, unsustainable land use and so on. In Ukraine the development of rural areas is characterized by complex imbalance. Both in Ukraine and Europe one of the main problems of sustainable rural development is a process of depopulation of rural population due to the search for better conditions for life and employment. According to studies, up to 2030 increase of the urban population of Europ
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Villani, Leonardo, Roberta Pastorino, Walter Ricciardi, John Ioannidis, and Stefania Boccia. "Inverse correlates of COVID-19 mortality across European countries during the first versus subsequent waves." BMJ Global Health 6, no. 8 (2021): e006422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006422.

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The objectives of the study were to calculate the standardised mortality rates (SMRs) for COVID-19 in European Union/European Economic Area countries plus the UK and Switzerland and to evaluate the correlation between SMRs and selected indicators in the first versus the subsequent waves until 23 June 2021. We used indirect standardisation (using Italy as the reference) to compute SMRs and considered 16 indicators of health and social well-being, health system capacity and COVID-19 response. The highest SMRs were in Belgium, the UK and Spain in the first wave (1.20–1.84) and in Hungary, Czechia
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Ostapenko, Viktoriia. "Management of tax system adopting to European standards." Development Management 17, no. 1 (2019): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/dm.5(1).2019.05.

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Ukraine is a social and legal state and seeks to become part of the European community. Therefore, the tax system needs to be reorganized regarding the level of financing of public goods, which will ensure the formation of financial resources sufficient for the fulfillment of the assigned functions of the state and guaranteeing citizens a sufficient standard of living. All this requires harmonization of the legal norms of Ukraine in accordance with the requirements of the European Union. Formation of tax policy in post-socialist countries has features related to the restructuring of the socio-
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Galutskykh, Nataliia А., Iryna L. Didorchuk, Olena А. Shuba, and Mamedova Melana V. "Gender Inequality in the Economy of the EU Countries: A Modern Aspect." Business Inform 9, no. 560 (2024): 52–60. https://doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2024-9-52-60.

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The aim of the article is to determine the current state of gender equality in the economy of the EU countries and to generalize proposals for overcoming the existing gender inequality. The understanding of gender inequality has always depended on the level of social development, and until now there is no unified approach to the interpretation of the essence of the concept of «gender inequality» in the scientific community. The main factors of gender inequality in the economy of the EU countries are religion, stereotypes and gender attitudes, which are interrelated and to some extent influence
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Borovsky, Y. V., and O. V. Shishkina. "Securitization of Energy Supply within the European Integration." MGIMO Review of International Relations 14, no. 3 (2021): 57–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2021-3-78-57-81.

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The article uses the constructivist securitization concept to analyze the European Economic Community (EEC), and the European Union (EU) approaches to ensuring energy security. It seeks to establish whether the energy supply has been securitized within the European integration process and if so when it happened. The literature review does not give a definitive and comprehensive answer to this question which is essential for all the history of the EEC and the EU. The authors of this study use an extensive documentary database available on the EU websites. They established that for the EEC/EU th
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Meilaender, Peter C. "Democracy, Community, and Modernity: Lessons from Jeremias Gotthelf's Die Käserei in der Vehfreude." German Politics and Society 29, no. 4 (2011): 21–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/gps.2011.290402.

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Among the challenges of today's globalizing world is the disruption that local communities experience, in developed and developing countries alike, in the face of economic and political modernization. Yet, such problems are not unprecedented. To the contrary, communities across nineteenth-century Europe faced similar difficulties as a result of the Industrial Revolution and political upheaval. For insights into such challenges, I turn to a perhaps unlikely resource for coming to grips with globalization: Jeremias Gotthelf, whose novel Die Käserei in der Vehfreude has been described by Hanns Pe
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Zabrocki, Patryk Roger. "Wpływ współczesnych migracji terrorystycznych na bezpieczeństwo." Studia Prawa Publicznego, no. 2(34) (September 15, 2021): 107–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/spp.2021.2.34.4.

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The premise of this text is to analyze by means of selected examples the issues related to the broad definition of security, and modern and developing terrorist migration. Moreover, the aim of this paper is to approach the subject in question from the perspective of the current legal state by means of the formal and dogmatic method, but also by means of the method of criticism and analysis of the literature, which will allow a full understanding of the shape, functioning and causes of errors of modern security bodies. The above will influence the formulation of de lege ferenda postulates in th
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Izergina, Nina I. "Formation of Russian identity in the context of socio-economic policy." Economic History 16, no. 1 (2020): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15507/2409-630x.048.016.202001.020-030.

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Introduction. The study of the conditions and factors of the modern process of formation and strengthening of Russian identity is actualized by the interrelated causes of the conceptual and practical-political plan. The purpose of the article is to draw the attention of researchers to the socio-economic issues of Russian identity formation at the present stage. Materials and Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is an organic approach to achieving the strategic goals of the state national policy, which makes it possible to exclude the opposition of civil and ethno-c
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Khanin, Vladimir (Ze'ev), and Petr Viktorovich Oskolkov. "French-speaking jewish community in contemporary Israel: sociological and political profile." Contemporary Europe, no. 4 (December 15, 2023): 89–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0201708323040046.

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The article examines the sociological, demographic, and political characteristics of a French-speaking repatriate community in Israel. The community is an important factor in both Israeli and French internal politics and the bilateral relations between Israel and European countries. The authors conclude that multiple identities are preserved, consisting of French-speaking, Jewish, and Israeli elements, and underline the quantitative and qualitative difference between the 2010s wave of repatriation and the previous waves. The difference is tainted by the reasons that pushed the French Jews to t
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Wages – European Economic Community countries"

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Field, Heather. "Consequences of concentration on the CAP for European integration." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/123114.

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This sub-thesis deals with the concentration of the European Community (EC) on the Common Agricultural Policy or CAP as its main policy to date, and the consequences of this for the process of integration. This process of integration is considered to be both economic and political, with both the economic welfare and the influence in international affairs of the integrated whole, the European Community, being greater than the sum of these from the individual parts, in this case the member states.
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Marinova, Yona Georgieva. "Bifurcation of parallel trade in the European Community." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2008. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=25821.

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This thesis examines the regulation of parallel imports of trade marked goods in the European Community (EC), demonstrates its deficiencies and advocates its amendment by the Community legislator. The thesis identifies as a primary characteristic of the regulation the bifurcation of intra-EC and extra-EC parallel importation, that is to say, the fundamental divergence of the regimes of parallel imports coming from another EC Member State and imports coming from third countries.  The split as to the rationale, justification and outcome of the two regimes is so substantial that it is viewed as t
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Li, Kwan-leung, and 李君樑. "The European currency crisis: a replay of strains on bretton woods system." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31954522.

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Marinova, Yona Georgieva. "Bufurcation [sic] of parallel trade in the European Community /." Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources. Restricted access until May 22, 2014, 2008. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=25821.

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Cross, Peter John. "Negotiating a comprehensive long-term relationship between South Africa and the European Union: from free trade to trade and development." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002978.

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On 10 May 1994 the European Union offeredSouth Africa a package of measures to ... send a strong political signal to the incoming govemment and to the South African population, thus proving its firm determination to support the transition towards democracy and its willingness to contribute to the reconstruction and economic development of South Africa after the elections. This package consisted of two parts: 1. A series of short term implementations to take place with immediate effect to help South Africa's development and transition, and 2. An offer to negotiate a comprehensive long-term rela
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LEAL, ARCAS Rafael. "Theory and practice of EC external trade law and policy." Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/13171.

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Defence date: 11 March 2008<br>Examining board: Prof. Bruno De Witte, European University Institute (Supervisor) ; Prof. Francesca Martines, Faculty of Economics, University of Pisa ; Prof. Petros C. Mavroidis, Columbia Law School, NY and University of Neuchâtel ; Prof. Ernst-Ulrich Petersmann, European University Institute<br>PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digital archive of EUI PhD theses<br>Both the European Community (EC) and its Member States agree that it is in their best interest to coordinate their action vis-à-vis the rest of the world in international trade agreements. Theor
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Ward, Stuart. "Discordant communities : Australia, Britain and the EEC, 1956-1963." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 1998. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27667.

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This work is concerned with the demise of ‘British race patriotism’ in Australian political culture in the late 19505 and early 1960s. The organic ideal of British racial community was a founding ideological pillar of Australian nationality for much of this century, yet the declining relevance of these ideas, and the emergence of a more limited, exclusive conception of Australian ‘community’ has not been adequately addressed in the existing historical literature. In many respects, the waning appeal of ‘Britishness’ in Australia was a gradual and piecemeal process, but at the level of Australi
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Kouba, Cox Martina. "The approximation of EC law in the Czech Republic : transposiiton or transformation?" Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=78217.

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This thesis examines the process of approximating EC law that the Czech Republic has undertaken both under the Europe Agreement and in order to fulfill one of the conditions for membership in the European Union. The thesis aims to determine whether the transposition of EC legislation has been undertaken with a view to effective implementation of the acquis communautaire and to assess what implications this process will have for the Czech Republic. To this end, three areas of law which are subject to approximation are examined, namely competition law, environmental law and company law. A
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Ifestos, Panayiotis J. "Some aspects of external relations and foreign policy of the European Community: European political cooperation and defense / security issues." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213536.

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Doutrelepont, Carine. "Incidence du droit communautaire sur l'évolution du droit d'auteur: perspectives de rapprochement des législations nationales? analyse à travers certaines composantes du droit d'auteur :étude de droit comparé et de droit européen." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212993.

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Books on the topic "Wages – European Economic Community countries"

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Management, Institute of Personnel, ed. Pay and benefits. Institute of Personnel Management, 1992.

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Communities, Commission of the European. Programme of research and actions on the development of the labour market: Costs of unemployment : main report. Commission on the European Communities, 1987.

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Communities, Commission of the European. Programme of research and actions on the development of the labour market: Local employment initiatives : a manual on intermediary and support organisations : main report. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1985.

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G, Johnson Steven, and Storey D. J, eds. Programme of research and actions on the development of the labour market: Job creation in small and medium sized enterprises : main report. Commission of the European Communities, 1987.

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Commission of the European Communities. Programme of research and actions on the development of the labour market: Development of new growth areas : workers' co-operatives and their environment : comparative analysis with a view to job creation : support for worker co-operatives in the United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland, Netherlands. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1985.

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Commission of the European Communities. Programme of research and actions on the development of the labour market: The viability of employment initiatives involving women. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1986.

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Commission of the European Communities. Programme of research and actions on the development of the labour market: Costs of unemployment : main report. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1986.

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Commission of the European Communities. Programme of research and actions on the development of the labour market: Wage differential between young and adults and its relation with youth unemployment. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, 1985.

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Cuthbert, Mike. European Community law. Cavendish Publishing, 1993.

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Francis, Snyder, ed. European Community law. New York University Press, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Wages – European Economic Community countries"

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Richards, E. G. "The European Economic Community (Nine Countries)." In Forestry and the Forest Industries: Past and Future. Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3669-0_3.

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Pomfret, Richard. "Economic Relations between the European Community and Mediterranean Countries." In Mediterranean Policy of the European Community. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07978-0_2.

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Bisignano, Joseph. "Banking in the European Economic Community: Structure, Competition, and Public Policy." In Banking Structures in Major Countries. Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2946-6_4.

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Kula, Erhun. "Forestry in Some Selected Western Countries and the European Economic Community." In The Economics of Forestry. Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6078-0_2.

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Martenczuk, Bernd. "Cooperation with Developing and Other Third Countries: Elements of a Community Foreign Policy." In External Economic Relations and Foreign Policy in the European Union. Springer Vienna, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6156-2_12.

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Genosko, Joachim. "2.1 Structural and Regional Differences in Economic Development in the Countries of the European Community." In Innovation and Regional Development, edited by Hans-Jürgen Ewers and Jürgen Allesch. De Gruyter, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110853506-007.

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Fontana, Olimpia. "Tra solidarietà europea e responsabilità nazionali: la tutela dei beni pubblici europei." In Studi e saggi. Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-591-2.09.

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The theme of solidarity between European Union (EU) member states lies at the heart of the European integration process itself, in the context of an ongoing tension between the renunciation of national sovereignty, driven by a drive for cooperation, and the maintenance of prerogatives of strategic interest to states. In fact, the EU was born from the decision of its members to pool selected aspects of their sovereignty, in a process whose evolution is expressed both in the choice of community policies and in the availability and methods of financing those policies. These are two sides of the s
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Albuquerque, Paula C., and Elsa Fontainha. "Social Exclusion in Later Life, Evidence from the European Social Survey." In Older Workers and Labour Market Exclusion Processes. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11272-0_11.

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AbstractSocial Exclusion (SE) is a multidimensional concept, broader than just poverty or economic exclusion, that aims at expressing to what extent people have the opportunity to participate in society.We analyse how SE evolved for a certain birth cohort (respondents born between 1945 and 1953) along time, to gain a life-course perspective, and for the same age group in two different periods, to study how the situation of individuals in later life stages has changed from one period to the other. Our paper explores the recently updated data from the European Social Survey (ESS, Round 9 – 2018)
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Haupt, Patrycja, Mariusz Twardowski, Luca Maria Francesco Fabris, et al. "Transformations of Public Spaces - Sustainable and Ethical Approach to Architectural and Urban Design Using Mixed Cultural Background." In Springer Series in Design and Innovation. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-71959-2_14.

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AbstractTransformations of public spaces are an integral part of city life. These processes although addressing site specific problems are universal for the urban centres across European countries struggling with deurbanization, social exclusion, massive tourism, climate change and pollution. The study is based upon the outcomes of the series of international workshop showing the approach to public space in different location. The aim of research is to show what problems addressed during the design workshop had a universal dimension and which ones were more site specific, addressing the needs
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Mohammed, Ryan S., and Lanya Fanovich. "Biodiversity in the Caribbean from 1950 to the Present." In Biodiversity - Handbook of the Anthropocene in Latin America II. Bielefeld University Press / transcript Verlag, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839470121-021.

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The Caribbean is regarded as a biodiversity hotspot, with high levels of endemism in some northern regions and mainland species in some southern countries. The region's biodiversity has been documented since well before the 1950s, but knowledge transfer and sharing have been chronic challenges. First, much of the documentation was done by people who were not from the Caribbean, therefore the information was taken with them when they returned to their home countries. Second, because several European countries claimed various Caribbean islands as overseas territories, data across islands was not
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Conference papers on the topic "Wages – European Economic Community countries"

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Mardache, Andreea �. Claudia, and Maria Catalina Ruptasu. "MIGRATION OF ROMANIANS TO DEVELOPED COUNTRIES. REASONS, CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS." In 11th SWS International Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES - ISCSS 2024. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscss.2024/s07/44.

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With the fall of the communist regime and Romania�s accession to the European Union, international migration of Romanians has increased. Romania is one of the countries with the most intense migration from Eastern Europe to Western Europe, significantly impacting both the Romanian society and destination countries. Although this social phenomenon has been studied from various perspectives, the present research aims to examine in depth the lives and experiences of those who have chosen to emigrate: the reasons for their decision to relocate, their perceptions of the host country, and of the cou
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Ciconkov, Risto. "Climate Change and HVACR Systems." In 50th International HVAC&R Congress and Exhibition. SMEITS, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24094/kghk.019.50.1.245.

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Indicators at a global level are presented: population in the world today and forecasts for developed and developing countries. The following diagrams are presented: world total primary energy consumption, global CO2 emissions from combustion since 1971, as well as cumulative CO2 emissions by regions since 1750. Facts for climate change are included (according to WMO and IPCC): increase in GHG concentrations, increase in air temperature, rise in sea level, etc. The consequences of global warming are listed: extreme rainfall and floods; high temperatures – heat waves, droughts, wildfires; huge
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Öngel, Volkan. "An Alternative Foreign Trade Market for Turkey: The Eurasian Economic Community." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c01.00222.

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The Eurasian Economic Community (EEC) is an international organization that has been created by five Commonwealth of İndependent States countries (Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia and Tajikistan) on October 10th,2000. The object of this organization was promote the creation of a customs union and the common economic space. After ten years in 2010, three countries (Belarus, Russia and Kazakhstan) made a custom union agreement as a second step. And the target is to establish a common economic space by 1 January 2012, a single market for goods, investment and labor. This custom union creat
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Özdemir, Zekai, İlkay Noyan Yalman, and Çağatay Karaköy. "Effects of Openness on Employment in Turkey and EU Countries." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.01135.

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According to the general theory, it is recognized that exports increase employment. Recently, in the world economy, increasing unemployment, foreign trade of the impact on employment has led to new research. Many of the aforementioned studies validating the theory, some of them have different results. In recent studies in Turkey was a different result. In this study, Turkey and the European Union countries in terms of trade effect on employment will be examined. For this purpose, employment and foreign trade data for the years 2000-2012 using a panel data analysis will be done. Exports, import
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Gilca, Constantin. "Перспективы евроинтеграции Республики Молдова и конституционная составляющая". У International Scientific-Practical Conference "Economic growth in the conditions of globalization". National Institute for Economic Research, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36004/nier.cecg.iv.2023.17.25.

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The European Union (EU) is an economic and political union of 28 European countries. The population is 508 million people, 24 official and working languages апd about 150 regional and minority languages. The origins of the European Union come from the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) and the European Economic Community (EEC), consisting of six states in 1951 - Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands. These countries came together to put an end to the wars that devastated the European continent, and they agreed to share control over the natural resources needed f
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İncekara, Ahmet, and Burcu Kılınç Savrul. "Regional Development Policies of the European Union: An Evaluation in the Framework of Structural Funds and Other Financial Instruments." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c02.00307.

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Regional policy of the European Union (EU) is implemented in order to improve welfare and quality of life in specific regions of EU member countries, minimize inter-regional income differences and restructure less developed industrial areas. regions of the EU countries has urban and regional development differences in themselves. Regional policies have gained importance in the process of EU enlargement. Increases regional disparities has been observed to occur with the first expansion. Although the tools that the Community could use for regional inequality were initially limited, they began to
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Diril, Funda. "Comparison of Fiscal Reforms in Some South and East European Transition Economies." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.01014.

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The aim of this paper is to compare fiscal reforms of some of the transition economies in Balkans including The Republic of Macedonia. Since 1990’s former planned economies, which are in the process of economic transformation into market economy have carried out several reforms. During this economic transformation process both the effects and the results of these reforms vary according to the difference between the needs of structural change in each country. In this study, some of the selected transition economies in Balkans are analyzed: Some of the recent members of European Community in Bal
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Saharnean, Liliana. "The innovational image: the national methodology for researching the innovative activity of enterprises." In International Scientific Conference “30 Years of Economic Reforms in the Republic of Moldova: Economic Progress via Innovation and Competitiveness”. Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53486/9789975155618.33.

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Given that the implementation of innovations, regardless of their type, has become a determining factor of economic growth, and the priorities of enterprises have been fully manifested in economic activities, their development through innovation has become an imperative of time. According to the requirements of the European Commission, the indicators related to innovation are a key element in monitoring the economic development objectives of the Republic of Moldova. The implementation of statistical research on innovation is an important element in aligning the Republic of Moldova with the EU
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Proskina, Liga, Abduaziz Abduvasikov, Firuza Galimova, and Daniela Proskina. "The concept of bio-regions and its relevance in achieving green goals." In 25th International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2024”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2024.58.023.

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Various initiatives worldwide promote sustainable, locally-based food systems and rural development, including Community Supported Agriculture (CSA), Farmers Markets, Food Hubs, Slow Food Movement, Regenerative Agriculture, and Agroecology Networks. These approaches often address specific challenges within narrower contexts. The concept of bio-regions offers a holistic approach to sustainable development, integrating ecological, social, economic, and cultural dimensions, demonstrating promising socio-economic and environmental impacts, and fostering community engagement and local development.
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Vizjak, Maja, Marina Peric Kaselj, and Katica Jurcevic. "THE COVID PANDEMIC AND THE ECONOMIC MIGRATION OF DOCTORS THE CASE OF THE REPUBLIC CROATIA." In 9th SWS International Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES - ISCSS 2022. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscss.2022/s13.115.

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Human capital is the primary driver of change in the modern knowledge society. The migration of healthcare workers is a "brain drain" of highly qualified individuals. Healthcare workers are currently among the most sought-after and mobile occupations in the EU. The global trend of open borders and free movement of goods, people and capital is an important determinant of growth and development, which developed countries have already recognized at the expense of less developed ones. The aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of the volume of migration, which is not insignificant, and t
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Reports on the topic "Wages – European Economic Community countries"

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Page, Sheila. How to Deepen the Dialogue between the Andean Community and the EU. Inter-American Development Bank, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011123.

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This paper discusses the European Union trade policy making process and implications for the Andean community. The European Union (EU) divides its agreements with other countries into three types: neighbourhood, trade and development, and is currently classifying the negotiations with the Andean Community as development. The Andean Community must examine how the EU has approached its agreements in the past and what the Andean countries need from an agreement, and decide whether it wants to negotiate on the trade or development models. In the light of this choice, it must then identify the nego
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Hosein, Roger, and Jeetendra Khadan. Trade, Economic and Welfare Impacts of the CARICOM-Canada Free Trade Agreement. Inter-American Development Bank, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011767.

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This paper estimates the trade, revenue, and welfare effects of the proposedCaribbean Community (CARICOM)-Canada free trade agreement (FTA) on CARICOM countries using a partial equilibrium model. The welfare analysis also takes into account the Economic Partnership Agreement, which was signed in 2008 by the CARIFORUM (CARICOM and the Dominican Republic) countries and the European Union. The revealed comparative advantage index, trade complementarity index, and transition probability matrices are used to examine the dynamics of comparative advantage for CARICOM countries' exports to Canada. The
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Kaufmann, Joachim, Peter Kaufmann, Karin Petzlberger, and Harald Wieser. Lightweight construction in Austria. Status quo, trends, and policy options for the Austrian and European light-weight community, with a focus on mobility. BMK - Bundesministerium für Klimaschutz, Umwelt, Energie, Mobilität, Innovation und Technologie, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2022.639.

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Lightweight construction, as a set of cross-sectional technologies, has the potential to contribute to several challenges, which are prevalent now and in the near future. Starting from the mobility sector, which has traditionally been a key driver for innovation for lightweighting, it has the potential to contribute to resource and energy efficiency in a broad set of sectors and locations as long as it does not contradict, i.e., complies with the principles of a circular economy. This study investigates lightweight construction in Austria. For that purpose, we identify relevant actors in Austr
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Martin, Matthew. The Crisis of Extreme Inequality in SADC: Fighting austerity and the pandemic. Oxfam, Development Finance International, Norwegian Church Aid, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2022.8793.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has worsened the extreme inequality in Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries, and pushed millions into poverty. The economic crisis continues due to the obscene global vaccine inequality. As of end March 2022, a dismal 14% of SADC citizens had been fully vaccinated against COVID-19, compared with 65.5% in the United States and 73% in the European Union. In 2021, with infections rising in SADC, the critical health, social protection and economic programmes put in place by most governments in 2020 were rolled back and replaced with austerity, in the contex
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Martin, Matthew. The Crisis of Extreme Inequality in SADC: Fighting austerity and the pandemic. Oxfam, Development Finance International, Norwegian Church Aid, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2022.8793.

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Abstract:
The COVID-19 pandemic has worsened the extreme inequality in Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries, and pushed millions into poverty. The economic crisis continues due to the obscene global vaccine inequality. As of end March 2022, a dismal 14% of SADC citizens had been fully vaccinated against COVID-19, compared with 65.5% in the United States and 73% in the European Union. In 2021, with infections rising in SADC, the critical health, social protection and economic programmes put in place by most governments in 2020 were rolled back and replaced with austerity, in the contex
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