Academic literature on the topic 'Wala Ridge analysis'
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Journal articles on the topic "Wala Ridge analysis"
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Andrea, Carolina Ulloa Gómez, Paola Parra Hidalgo Wendy, Elizabeth González Rodas Eliana, and Estuardo Bravo Calderón Manuel. "Comparison of cross-sectional orthodontic analysis on digital models using Nemocast and CBCT software." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 17, no. 1 (2023): 1286–96. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8090896.
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Model measurements and analysis are essential for the diagnosis of orthodontic cases and in the last decade orthodontic diagnosis has increased with technological advances, leaving aside traditional diagnostic methods, such as model analysis, especially when it comes to cross-sectional analysis. The present study seeks to propose to the clinician a simple option in the diagnosis of the transversal problem, through analysis with the CBCT. To support this proposal, data was collected from 40 students who were evaluated according to the parameters established in the study, between the ages of 21 and 27. Data were taken from digital study models in STL format, as well as CBCT. The UPenn analysis was used in the CBCT and applying the Korkhaus and Wala Ridge analyzes for the STL digital models, establishing comparisons of the validity of the results by calculating the predictive values of the positive test and the negative test. Model analysis was performed by measuring, using the NemoCast3D software. The comparison of means of both measures was carried out, which showed that there is no significant difference and then the correlation of measures was made, which proved to be significant in 5 of 7 measures. This model analysis proposal (AN-BAR) can be useful for the clinician in making a decision when performing a maxillary expansion.
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Andrea Carolina Ulloa Gómez, Wendy Paola Parra Hidalgo, Eliana Elizabeth González Rodas, and Manuel Estuardo Bravo Calderón. "Comparison of cross-sectional orthodontic analysis on digital models using Nemocast and CBCT software." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 17, no. 1 (2023): 1286–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2023.17.1.0142.
Full textAbstract:
Model measurements and analysis are essential for the diagnosis of orthodontic cases and in the last decade orthodontic diagnosis has increased with technological advances, leaving aside traditional diagnostic methods, such as model analysis, especially when it comes to cross-sectional analysis. The present study seeks to propose to the clinician a simple option in the diagnosis of the transversal problem, through analysis with the CBCT. To support this proposal, data was collected from 40 students who were evaluated according to the parameters established in the study, between the ages of 21 and 27. Data were taken from digital study models in STL format, as well as CBCT. The UPenn analysis was used in the CBCT and applying the Korkhaus and Wala Ridge analyzes for the STL digital models, establishing comparisons of the validity of the results by calculating the predictive values of the positive test and the negative test. Model analysis was performed by measuring, using the NemoCast3D software. The comparison of means of both measures was carried out, which showed that there is no significant difference and then the correlation of measures was made, which proved to be significant in 5 of 7 measures. This model analysis proposal (AN-BAR) can be useful for the clinician in making a decision when performing a maxillary expansion.
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Chen, Tsung-Hao, Chen-Yuan Chen, Hsien-Chueh Peter Yang, and Cheng-Wu Chen. "A Mathematical Tool for Inference in Logistic Regression with Small-Sized Data Sets: A Practical Application on ISW-Ridge Relationships." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2008 (2008): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/186372.
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The general approach to modeling binary data for the purpose of estimating the propagation of an internal solitary wave (ISW) is based on the maximum likelihood estimate (MLE) method. In cases where the number of observations in the data is small, any inferences made based on the asymptotic distribution of changes in the deviance may be unreliable for binary data (the model's lack of fit is described in terms of a quantity known as the deviance). The deviance for the binary data is given by D. Collett (2003). may be unreliable for binary data. Logistic regression shows that theP-values for the likelihood ratio test and the score test are both<0.05. However, the null hypothesis is not rejected in the Wald test. The seeming discrepancies inP-values obtained between the Wald test and the other two tests are a sign that the large-sample approximation is not stable. We find that the parameters and the odds ratio estimates obtained via conditional exact logistic regression are different from those obtained via unconditional asymptotic logistic regression. Using exact results is a good idea when the sample size is small and the approximateP-values are<0.10. Thus in this study exact analysis is more appropriate.
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Li, Claire, Russ Wada, Hanbin Li, et al. "Abstract PO3-04-02: Exposure-efficacy and safety analysis of trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) in patients with advanced/metastatic HER2+ breast cancer (BC): Analyses from Phase 3 Studies DESTINY-Breast02 (DB-02) and DESTINY-Breast03 (DB-03)." Cancer Research 84, no. 9_Supplement (2024): PO3–04–02—PO3–04–02. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs23-po3-04-02.
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Abstract Exposure-efficacy and exposure-safety analyses of trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) in patients with advanced/metastatic HER2+ breast cancer (BC): Analyses from Phase 3 Studies DESTINY-Breast02 (DB-02) and DESTINY-Breast03 (DB-03) Authors: Claire Li1, Russ Wada2, Hanbin Li2, Helen Kastrissios2, Malaz Abutarif1, Tushar Garimella1 , Amit Khatri1 1Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Daiichi Sankyo, Basking Ridge, NJ, USA 2QuanTx Consulting Mountain View, CA, USA Background: T-DXd, an antibody-drug conjugate composed of a humanized anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody and a topoisomerase I inhibitor payload, is approved for adult patients with unresectable or metastatic HER2+ BC with a prior anti-HER2–based therapy either in the metastatic setting, or in the neoadjuvant or adjuvant setting and have developed disease recurrence during or within six months of completing therapy. The analysis evaluated the relationship between T-DXd pharmacokinetic (PK) exposure and efficacy/safety endpoints following 5.4 mg/kg Q3W in HER2+ BC subjects. Methods: Exposure-efficacy (E-E) analyses were evaluated from BC subjects in two Phase 3 studies, DB-02 (N=404 for T-DXd; 3L+ BC) and DB-03 (N=257 for T-DXd; 2L+ BC). In studies DB-02 and DB-03, 202 and 263 subjects in control arm were treated with treatment of investigator’s/physician’s choice (TPC) and T-DM1, respectively. Exposure-safety (E-S) analyses were conducted using 12 clinical studies ranging from Phase 1 to 3 (N=2216, 68.7% BC), including DB-02 and DB-03. Population PK-predicted exposure metrics included T-DXd and DXd peak concentration, trough concentration, and AUC in Cycle 1 and at steady state. Key efficacy endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) based on blinded independent central review (BICR) and overall survival (OS). Safety endpoints included any Grade and Grade ≥ 3 adjudicated drug-related interstitial lung disease (ILD). Exploratory analyses were conducted for other safety endpoints (i.e., Grade ≥ 3 TEAEs). Results: T-DXd exposure was a significant predictor (p&lt; 0.01) of OS in DB-02. In study DB-03, T-DXd exposure was a marginally significant covariate (p&lt; 0.05) for OS in univariate Cox regression but was dropped in the multivariate analysis. The relationship between T-DXd exposure and PFS in both studies were not statistically significant (p &gt;0.01), suggesting a flat E-E relationship due to the narrow exposure range resulting from the single-dose level (5.4 mg/kg Q3W) in both studies. Clinically meaningful efficacy in the T-DXd arm relative to the control arm was observed in both studies (PFS: 17.8 months [T-DXd arm] vs. 6.9 months [TPC arm] in study DB-02 and 28.8 months [T-DXd arm] vs. 6.8 months [T-DM- arm] in study DB-03). Therefore, the E-E analyses supports clinically meaningful efficacy across the entire exposure range with the T-DXd 5.4 mg/kg dose in BC subjects. For E-S, a statistically significant relationship (p&lt; 0.001) was observed between increasing T-DXd exposures across all the dose levels (0.8 to 8 mg/kg) and increasing hazard of any Grade and Grade ≥ 3 ILD. The predicted Day 360 incidence rate of any Grade and Grade ≥3 ILD at 5.4 mg/kg Q3W T-DXd in BC subjects was 14.8% and 3%, respectively. These findings are consistent with previous safety analyses. Observed rates of the exploratory safety endpoints were also generally consistent with previous model-predicted rates of adverse events in BC1. Conclusions: The E-E analyses support clinically meaningful efficacy (PFS and OS) relative to control with a flat exposure-response relationship in HER2+ BC subjects at the T-DXd 5.4 mg/kg dose. The E-S analyses showed any Grade and Grade ≥ 3 ILD event rates for this dose are comparable to prior studies1. Those event rates appeared to increase with increasing T-DXd exposures. Overall, these model-based analyses continue to support T-DXd 5.4 mg/kg Q3W dosing in previously treated HER2+ BC. Reference: Yin O, Iwata H, Lin, C, et al. Exposure-Response Relationships in Patients with HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer and Other Solid Tumors Treated with Trastuzumab Deruxtecan. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2021; 110(4):986-96 Citation Format: Claire Li, Russ Wada, Hanbin Li, Helen kastrissios, malaz Abutarif, Tushar Garimella, Amit Khatri. Exposure-efficacy and safety analysis of trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) in patients with advanced/metastatic HER2+ breast cancer (BC): Analyses from Phase 3 Studies DESTINY-Breast02 (DB-02) and DESTINY-Breast03 (DB-03) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO3-04-02.
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Pocecco, Elena, Inge Werner, Theresa Bischofer, and Gerhard Ruedl. "Sex/gender differences in injury risk, types of injuries, and potential risk factors of adult recreational mountain-bikers in Tyrol." Current Issues in Sport Science (CISS) 9, no. 4 (2024): 051. http://dx.doi.org/10.36950/2024.4ciss051.
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Introduction & Purpose In Austria, 99% of fatally injured (Pocecco et al., 2022) and 81% of accidented mountain-bikers (Woyke et al., 2024) are males. However, these evident sex/gender differences in prevalence do not allow any conclusions to be drawn either about the risk of injury or about potential risk factors between the sex/genders. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate possible sex/gender-specific differences in injury risk, types of injuries, and related potential risk factors in adult recreational mountain-bikers in Tyrol, Austria. Methods This retrospective survey was conducted in the surroundings of Innsbruck (Austria) in 2017-2019, involving randomly selected adult recreational mountain-bikers. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect data on injuries ever experienced during mountain-biking (MTB), including circumstances (e.g., skill level and risk-taking behaviour according to Ruedl et al. (2010), riding alone or in a group) related to the most severe injury. Proportions were compared by χ2 tests. Results In total, 1,439 mountain-bikers (37.8 ± 14.3 years, 33.4% females) were interviewed, 486 (33.8%) of them suffering one or more injuries requiring medical attention. Men showed a higher injury risk compared to women (37.2% vs. 26.9%, p < 0.001) and injured males reported a higher number of injuries during MTB compared to their female counterpart (2.4 ± 2.4 vs. 1.7 ± 1.4, p < 0.001). In general, concerning the most severe injury ever suffered during MTB, the most frequent injury types were fractures (28.4%), followed by open wounds (15.9%), contusions (14.5%), abrasions (12.0%), and ligament/muscle injuries (10.4%), showing sex/gender differences (p = 0.010). In particular, fractures were the most frequent injury type among male (32.7%), open wounds among female (20.3%) mountain-bikers. Moreover, men reported higher MTB skills (p < 0.001) and higher risk-taking behaviour (72.8% vs. 50.5%, p < 0.001) at the time of the worst accident compared to women. Additionally, males were more likely to be biking alone on the day of the accident compared to females (30.1% vs. 15.0%, p = 0.007), who tended to ride in groups. Discussion Comparably to alpine skiing and snowboarding (Ruedl et al., 2010), men were found to exhibit a higher skill level and engage in riskier behaviour more frequently than women. In alpine skiing and snowboarding, these two factors are associated with higher speeds (Ruedl et al., 2010), which could be therefore also the reason for the higher injury risk and frequency of fractures among the surveyed male mountain-bikers. In the present study, fractures were the most common self-reported injury type with 28%, which seems comparable to 24% of fractures in the study by Woyke et al. (2024). Conversely, biking in a group, which was more common among women, apparently did not lead to a higher risk of injury due to possible peer pressure. Conclusion Results of this study found sex/gender differences in injury risk, types of injury, and related potential risk factors in recreational adult mountain-bikers which should be considered in future preventive measures. In particular, relevant information campaigns should address especially males. Moreover, future research comparing injured and non-injured recreational mountain-bikers should be conducted to confirm or reject the hypothesized risk factors. References Pocecco, E., Wafa, H., Burtscher, J., Paal, P., Plattner, P., Posch, M., & Ruedl, G. (2022). Mortality in recreational mountain-biking in the Austrian Alps: A retrospective study over 16 years. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(19), Article 11965. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191911965 Ruedl, G., Pocecco, E., Sommersacher, R., Gatterer, H., Kopp, M., Nachbauer, W., & Burtscher, M. (2010). Factors associated with self-reported risk-taking behaviour on ski slopes. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 44(3), 204-206. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2009.066779 Woyke, S., Hütter, A., Rugg, C., Tröger, W., Wallner, B., Ströhle, M., & Paal, P. (2024). Sex differences in mountain bike accidents in Austria from 2006 to 2018: A retrospective analysis. High Altitude Medicine & Biology, 25(1), 89-93. https://doi.org/10.1089/ham.2023.0086
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Tabancis, Niki Nikoleta, Karl-Friedrich Krey, Franka Stahl, Valeria Behnke, and Anja Ratzmann. "Orthodontic treatment and biological limits: a retrospective clinical trial." Head & Face Medicine 19, no. 1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13005-023-00399-6.
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Abstract Background The fundamental part of every successful orthodontic treatment is the detailed treatment planning including a precise determination of the virtual treatment objective (VTO) while considering the biological and anatomical limits. The aim of this study is to investigate and to compare the feasibility of the established reference values before and after orthodontic treatment and to determine the usefulness of this parameters as guidance for the sagittal anterior, sagittal posterior and transverse biological boundaries. Materials and methods Thirty-two patients aged 9 to 18 years (12 male and 20 female) with all permanent teeth present were randomly selected for orthodontic treatment with fixed multibracket appliance regardless of the potential malocclusion. The parameters 6-PTV, 1-NB [mm] and the WALA ridge were set for the identification of the transverse, sagittal anterior and sagittal posterior tooth position. The measurements were carried out at the beginning (T0) and at the end (T1) of the orthodontic treatment. They were set in relation with their individual threshold values (G). After the results of the measurements were conducted using the software OnyxCeph3TM (version 3.2.185 (505), Image Instruments GmbH, Chemnitz, DE), they were statistically calculated in the software RStudio (2022.12.0 Build 353 © 2009–2022 Posit Software PBC). Results Among the 32 patients, the mean pre- and post-treatment changes measured through the three parameters in relation to the individual reference values were statistically significant (p < 0.01). The mean values for 6-PTV, 1-NB and the WALA ridge amounted 15.37 mm, 2.56 mm and 4.23 mm at the beginning of the treatment, while after the treatment the measured values amounted 20.31 mm, 2.4 mm and 5.55 mm. These measurements combined with the statistical analysis of the changes of WALA ridge (T0, T1) confirmed that the teeth have been successfully uprighted and aligned. Furthermore, the maxillary first molars have been moved slightly mesially, as proven by the changes in 6-PTV, without certainty as to whether bodily movement or mesial tipping took place. Additionally, the lower incisors have been protruded, slightly exceeding the individual threshold values. Conclusion The parameters investigated provide a suitable assessment tool for recording the limits of the sagittal posterior, the sagittal anterior and the transverse dimension.
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Aycardi Fonseca, María Teresa, Marielbys Ibarra Moreno, and Andrea Lanata. "Wala Ridge Analysis to Evaluate Transversal Lower Arch Changes in Patients treated with Self-Ligation Systems." Universitas Odontologica 33, no. 70 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.11144/javeriana.uo33-70.awre.
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Huang, Yumei, Yunjia Chen, Dan Yang, et al. "Three-dimensional analysis of the relationship between mandibular retromolar space and positional traits of third molars in non-hyperdivergent adults." BMC Oral Health 23, no. 1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-023-02843-0.
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Abstract Background The anatomical position of the mandibular third molars (M3s) is located in the distal-most portions of the molar area. In some previous literature, researchers evaluated the relationship between retromolar space (RS) and different classifications of M3 in three‑dimensional (3D) cone—beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods Two hundred six M3s from 103 patients were included. M3s were grouped according to four classification criteria: PG-A/B/C, PG-I/II/III, mesiodistal angle and buccolingual angle. 3D hard tissue models were reconstructed by CBCT digital imaging. RS was measured respectively by utilizing the fitting WALA ridge plane (WP) which was fitted by the least square method and the occlusal plane (OP) as reference planes. SPSS (version 26) was used to analyze the data. Results In all criteria evaluated, RS decreased steadily from the crown to the root (P < 0.05), the minimum was at the root tip. From PG-A classification, PG-B classification to PG-C classification and from PG-I classification, PG-II classification to PG-III classification, RS both appeared a diminishing tendency (P < 0.05). As the degree of mesial tilt decreased, RS appeared an increasing trend (P < 0.05). RS in classification criteria of buccolingual angle had no statistical difference (P > 0.05). Conclusions RS was associated with positional classifications of the M3. In the clinic, RS can be evaluated by watching the Pell&Gregory classification and mesial angle of M3.
Books on the topic "Wala Ridge analysis"
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M. Wachs, Anthony, and Jon D. Schaff. Age of Anxiety. Edited by Lee Trepanier. Lexington Books, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781666984675.
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Age of Anxiety: Meaning, Identity, and Politics in 21st Century Film and Literature analyzes literature and films that speak to our age of anxiety resulting from the decline of narratives that provided individuals with a meaningful human life. The authors argue that the twentieth-century sought to free individuals from the constraints of authoritative cultural traditions and institutions, liberating the autonomous self. Yet this has given rise to anxiety rather than liberation. Instead of deriving one’s sense of purpose from one’s role and place within a community, the consumer has been deceived into thinking that their identity can be purchased through the meaning represented by the conspicuous consumption of a brand. The same phenomenon manifests itself in politics within recent populist revolts against globalist politics. In addition, the rapid pace of technological development is driving an unprecedented faith in the malleability of human beings, raises doubts as to what it means to be a person. Utilizing paradigms from the fields of Communication/Rhetoric and Political Philosophy the book shows how the self has been displaced from its natural habitat of the local community. The book traces the origins of modern anxiety as well as possible remedies. Considered in the book are such popular culture artifacts as Downton Abbey, WALL-E, Hacksaw Ridge, Westworld, and Lord of the Rings and zombie films.
Book chapters on the topic "Wala Ridge analysis"
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Kato, Taro, Ryusei Naganuma, Koki Bando, et al. "A Study on Giant Magnetostrictive Actuator Used in Active Noise Control System for Ultra-compact Electric Vehicles (Analytical Consideration on Output Performance of the Actuator)." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-70392-8_106.
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AbstractThe interiors of ultra-compact electric vehicles (EVs) can be uncomfortable owing to the noise caused by the road and wind. To address this issue, we propose an active noise control (ANC) system that uses a giant magnetostrictive actuator. The proposed system allows estimating ride comfort by analyzing the biological information of passengers and controlling the interior acoustic environment. The proposed ANC system employs wall-surface vibrations generated by a giant magnetostrictive actuator. We analytically investigated the thrust characteristics of giant magnetostrictive materials deformed by a magnetic field through electromagnetic field analysis. The results showed that the effect of thrust on frequency changes depends on the characteristics of the giant magnetostrictive material.
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Slack, John F., Terry W. Offield, Laurel G. Woodruff, and Wayne C. Shanks. "Geology and Geochemistry of Besshi-Type Massive Sulfide Deposits of the Vermont Copper Belt." In Part I. Proterozoic Iron and Zinc Deposits of the Adirondack Mountains of New York and the New Jersey Highlands Part II. Environmental Geochemistry and Mining History of Massive Sulfide Deposits in the Vermont Copper Belt. Society of Economic Geologists, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.5382/gb.35.15.
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Abstract Massive sulfide deposits of the Vermont copper belt yielded approximately 3.6 Mt of ore during intermittent production from 1793 to 1958. The deposits consist of stratabound and generally stratiform pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, and minor sphalerite and pyrite within metasedimentary rocks and minor mafic metavolcanic rocks of Silurian to Early Devonian age. At the largest deposits (Elizabeth, Ely, Pike Hill), massive sulfides are generally associated with metabasaltic amphibolite. The deposits are structurally complex, and have been deformed together with their host rocks during two stages of nappe-related, largely isoclinal folding, and during a later stage of dome-related folding; syntectonic shears and thrust faults commonly mark the contacts between massive sulfide bodies and silicate wall rocks. Postore re-gional metamorphism took place under amphibolite-grade conditions, producing locally abundant kyanite and staurolite in pelitic country rocks during peak prograde events. Geochemical studies of clastic metasedimentary host rocks in the district indicate a significant mafic component that suggests a continental island-arc provenance. The amphibolites, in contrast, have immobile trace element and rare earth element (REE) geochemical signatures similar to that of midocean ridge basalt (MORB). Lithologically unusual wall rocks at the Elizabeth deposit, including coarse garnet-mica schist, laminated plagioclase-rich granofels, quartz-mica-carbonate schist, tremolite-phlogopite schist, and quartz-albite tourmalinite, have high contents of Cr and MORB-type REE patterns that suggest protoliths of tholeiitic basalt. Massive sulfide, metachert, Mn-rich garnet-quartz rocks (coticule), and magnetite iron formation in the district are believed to have formed as exhalative chemical precipitates on the sea floor. Chemical analyses of unoxidized massive sulfide from the Elizabeth, Ely, and Pike Hill mines show that in addition to very high Cu (to 23.6 %) and in rare cases very high Zn (to 26.2 %), some ore samples contain minor Ag (to 100 ppm), Au (to 0.85 ppm), Cd (to 1500 ppm), Co (to 1469 ppm), Mn (to 5600 ppm), Mo (to 420 ppm), and Se (to 87 ppm). The ores have uniformly low As, Ba, Bi, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb, REEs, Sb, Sn, Te, Th, Tl, U, and W. The overall geologic and geochemical features of the Vermont copper belt ores are similar to those of the Besshi deposits in Japan. Possible modern analogs include the actively forming massive sulfides of Guaymas Basin in the Gulf of California, Escanaba Trough on the Gorda Ridge, and Middle Valley on the Juan de Fuca Ridge.
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Holmes, Chris C., and Alexandre Pintore. "Bayesian Relaxation: Boosting, The Lasso, and Other LαNorms." In Bayesian Statistics 8. Oxford University PressOxford, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199214655.003.0010.
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Abstract Modern genomics has reinforced the need for statistical methods which can explore low-dimensional structure in very high dimensional data. Classical Relaxation methods, including Boosting and Lα Regularisation, have proved remarkably successful in addressing such problems and have arguably had an important influence on the field of modern regression analysis. Relaxation methods are best described as iterative model fitting procedures which start from a simple null model and then walk along a path of increasing model complexity by incrementing parameter values at each stage. Such methods are ideally suited to the analysis of genomics data because they usually provide ‘automatic’ selection and shrinkage of predictors. In this paper, we consider relaxation methods from a fully probabilistic standpoint, accommodating model uncertainty through prior distributions on the set of relaxation paths. We suggest to make inference by Importance Sampling over paths which retains the principle characteristics of Relaxation. This new probabilistic relaxation methods are built upon a connection between Regularisation and Generalised Ridge Regression. Results seem to suggest that these algorithms are of practical importance as alternatives to standard Bayesian methods and add weight to our belief that modelling the variance components of Bayesian GLMs provides a powerful and attractive approach to model determination in modern data analysis.
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Worster, Donald. "The Nature We Have Lost." In Wealth of Nature. Oxford University Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195092646.003.0004.
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Nostalgia runs all through this society—fortunately, for it may be our only hope of salvation. My own version, which I probably share with a few million others, takes me back to walk in pristine natural places on this continent. I dream of traveling with our second native-born naturalist, William Bartram (his father John was the first), a slightly daft Pennsylvania Quaker who botanized from the Carolinas down into Florida in the early 1770s. I would travel with him, “seduced by ... sublime enchanting scenes of primitive nature,” through aromatic groves of magnolia, sweet gum, cabbage palmetto, loblolly pine, live oak, the roaring of alligators in our ears. I would gaze with Thomas Jefferson through his elegant white-framed windows at Monticello toward the Blue Ridge Mountains, speculating about the prodigious country stretching west. Best of all, I imagine entering that west with Lewis and Clark in 1804–5, standing beside them on Spirit Mound in present-day South Dakota, beholding, as Clark put it in his execrable spelling, “a most butifull landscape; Numerous herds of buffalow were Seen feeding in various directions; the Plain to North N. W. & N.E. extends without interuption as far as Can be seen.” And I think what it must have been like for them warping and poling up the muddy Missouri River, penetrating farther into the vast open country of the unplowed, unfenced prairies when wolves still howled in the night; of heading into “the great unknown,” panting over the unpainted, unmined, unskiied Rocky Mountains and rafting down the uncharted, undammed Columbia to the gray-green drizzly shore of the Pacific Ocean. How much has been lost in our short years as a nation, how much have we to be nostalgic about. In the beginning of white discovery North America must have been a glorious place, brimming with exquisite wild beauty, offering to agriculturists some of the earth's richest soils, incredible stands of trees, booty on booty of mineral wealth. Think for a moment of the infinitude of animals that once teemed but are now diminished or gone. In the most comprehensive, detailed analysis yet offered, Frank Gilbert Roe estimated that forty million bison roamed the continent as late as 1830.
Conference papers on the topic "Wala Ridge analysis"
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Fujie, Hiromichi, Yohei Matsuda, and Konsei Shino. "Resident’s Ridge Formation Can Be Explained by ACL Force-Induced Bone Remodeling." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53358.
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The reconstruction technique of the human anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) has been improved in the last decade. Current ACL reconstruction surgery aims to make femoral bone tunnels for graft fixation as close to the anatomical position of the ACL insertion site; the posterior-superior border of the lateral wall of the intercondylar notch of the femur1,2). Such a surgical technique is called “anatomical ACL reconstruction”. Biomechanical studies indicated that joint stability is highly restored in the anatomical ACL reconstruction as compared with the conventional ACL reconstruction3). In addition, the cortical bone beneath the ACL attachment site is thicker4), therefore it is beneficial to use the area for graft fixation. In order to succeed the anatomical ACL reconstruction, it is the most crucial to microscopically identify the anatomical site of the ACL insertion site. Previous studies indicated that the Resident’s ridge is located just anterior to the ACL femoral attachment4–6), therefore, can be used as a reference landmark for the anatomical ACL reconstruction. Although the Resident’s ridge seems to win endorsements of the role in the ACL reconstruction, no explanation was proposed so far as regard with the reason for ridge formation. The author believes that the formation of the Resident’s ridge can be biomechanically explained. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to propose a biomechanical hypothesis as regard with the Resident’s ridge formation, and to validate the hypothesis through a finite element method (FEM) analysis of ACL force-induced bone remodeling.
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Lau, Michael, Karl P. Lawrence, and Leo Rothenburg. "Discrete Element Analysis of Ice Loads on Ships and Structures." In SNAME 8th International Conference and Exhibition on Performance of Ships and Structures in Ice. SNAME, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/icetech-2008-158.
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In this paper, the versatility of discrete element analysis (DEM) in modeling ice-related problems is discussed and further demonstrated using the results from the DEM works conducted by the National Research Council’s Institute for Ocean Technology (NRC-IOT) using a commercial code DECICE. These works include a wide range of icestructure and ice-ship interaction problems of current interest, i.e., ice loads on conical structures, jamming of floes at bridge piers, modeling of the mechanical behavior of ice rubble, pack ice stability and associated forces on offshore structures, rubble loads exerted on an inclined retaining wall, ridge keel resistance during seabed scouring, dynamic response of a moored conical drill-ship in ice, and ship maneuvering performance in ice. Representative simulations for each case are presented including load, motion and/or interaction process, whichever is appropriate. The simulations from DECICE were compared with experimental data and found satisfactory in terms of accuracy and real-time simulation capability. The accuracy is important for design and engineering of marine structures and ships, whereas, the real-time simulation capability allows it to be used in marine simulators for personnel training and marine operation assessment. The performance of DECICE is also addressed and improved via the implementation of a new contact detection sequence and parallel considerations.
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Travé, A., A. Chaves, M. Moragas, et al. "Diagenesis of Platform Carbonates Flanking the Tazoult Salt Wall (High Atlas, Morocco)." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-24356-ms.
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Abstract The Central High Atlas of Morocco is a double verging major diapiric province encompassing SW-NE trending salt-related ridges and Lower to Middle Jurassic deposits over synclines (minibasins) in between them. Typically, Pliensbachian and Bajocian platform carbonates flanking diapirs exhibit partial dolomitization in the vicinity of the diapir wall. The interpretation of the diagenetic products and diagenetic evolution of these dolomitized carbonates may be complex due to different fracture patterns, brecciation, fluid pathways, heterogeneities, localized uplift associated with diapiric activity, among others. The present work focuses on the dolomitization affecting Late Aalenian-Bajocian platform carbonates flanking the Tazoult salt wall, localized in the center of the Central High Atlas. Analytical work includes standard microscopy, cathodoluminescence and 𝛅13C–𝛅18O isotopic analyses. A paragenetic sequence is discussed to reconstruct the diagenetic evolution of the flanking platform carbonates. The results highlight the major influence of diapirism and igneous intrusions on the fluid circulation. Moreover, the present work complements a previous work related to the Liassic successions flanking the Tazoult salt wall.
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Bass, B. Richard, Paul T. Williams, Terry L. Dickson, and Hilda B. Klasky. "FAVOR Version 16.1: A Computer Code for Fracture Mechanics Analyses of Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessels." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65262.
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This paper describes the current status of the Fracture Analysis of Vessels, Oak Ridge (FAVOR) computer code which has been under development at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), with funding by the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), for over twenty-five years. Including this most recent release, v16.1, FAVOR has been applied by analysts from the nuclear industry and regulators at the NRC to perform deterministic and probabilistic fracture mechanics analyses to review / assess / update regulations designed to insure that the structural integrity of aging, and increasingly embrittled, nuclear reactor pressure vessels (RPVs) is maintained throughout the vessel’s operational service life. Early releases of FAVOR were developed primarily to address the pressurized thermal shock (PTS) issue; therefore, they were limited to applications involving pressurized water reactors (PWRs) subjected to cool-down transients with thermal and pressure loading applied to the inner surface of the RPV wall. These early versions of FAVOR were applied in the PTS Re-evaluation Project to successfully establish a technical foundation that served to better inform the basis of the then-existent PTS regulations to the original PTS Rule (Title 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Chapter I, Part 50, Section 50.61, 10CFR 50.61). A later version of FAVOR resulting from this project (version 06.1 - released in 2006) played a major role in the development of the Alternative PTS Rule (10 CFR 50.61.a). This paper describes recent ORNL developments of the FAVOR code; a brief history of verification studies of the code is also included. The 12.1 version (released in 2012) of FAVOR represented a significant generalization over previous releases insofar as it included the ability to encompass a broader range of transients (heat-up and cool-down) and vessel geometries, addressing both PWR and boiling water reactor (BWR) RPVs. The most recent public release of FAVOR, v16.1, includes improvements in the consistency and accuracy of the calculation of fracture mechanics stress-intensity factors for internal surface-breaking flaws; special attention was given to the analysis of shallow flaws. Those improvements were realized in part through implementation of the ASME Section XI, Appendix A, A-3000 curve fits into FAVOR; an overview of the implementation of those ASME curve fits is provided herein. Recent results from an extensive verification benchmarking project are presented that focus on comparisons of solutions from FAVOR versions 16.1 and 12.1 referenced to baseline solutions generated with the commercial ABAQUS code. The verifications studies presented herein indicate that solutions from FAVOR v16.1 exhibit an improvement in predictive accuracy relative to FAVOR v12.1, particularly for shallow flaws.
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Dickson, Terry L., Paul T. Williams, B. Richard Bass, and Hilda B. Klasky. "Application of the FAVOR-OCI Fracture Mechanics Computer Program to ASME Code Section XI, IWB-3610 Flaw Acceptance Criteria Evaluations." In ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2018-84412.
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This paper presents an overview of added features in a new version of the FAVOR (Fracture Analysis of Vessels Oak Ridge) computer code called FAVOR-OCI. The original FAVOR code was developed at the US Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) under the sponsorship of the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). FAVOR is applied by US and international nuclear power industries to perform deterministic and probabilistic fracture mechanics analyses of commercial nuclear reactor pressure vessels (RPVs). Applications of FAVOR are focused on insuring that the structural integrity of aging, and increasingly embrittled, RPVs is maintained throughout their licensed service life. Based on the final ORNL release of FAVOR, v16.1, FAVOR-OCI extends existing deterministic features of FAVOR while preserving all previously-existing probabilistic capabilities of FAVOR. The objective of this paper is to describe new deterministic features in FAVOR-OCI that can be applied to analytical evaluations of planar flaws. These evaluations are consistent with the acceptance criteria of ASME Code, Section XI, Article IWB-3610, including Subarticles IWB-3611 (acceptance based on flaw size) and IWB-3612 (acceptance based on applied stress intensity factor). The linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) capabilities of FAVOR-OCI also incorporate the analytical procedures presented in the Nonmandatory Appendix A, Analysis of Flaws, Article A-3000, Method of KI Determination, for both surface and subsurface (embedded) flaws. The paper describes a computational methodology for determining critical values of fracture-related parameters that satisfy ASME Code Section XI acceptance criteria for flaws exposed to multiple thermal-hydraulic transients. These compute-intensive analyses can be carried out with a single execution of FAVOR-OCI. The new methodology determines critical values by solving for either the point of tangency or point of intersection between applied KI versus time histories and a user-selected cleavage initiation toughness material property (e.g., ASME KIc, FAVOR Weibull KIc, or Master Curve Weibull KJc) for surface or subsurface flaws. Situations where warm prestress conditions apply can also be addressed. The paper highlights a need for this new capability via applications to a recent independent review of safety cases for RPVs in two Belgian nuclear power plants (NPPs). That review required ASME Section XI assessments of several thousand embedded, quasi-laminar flaws in the wall of each RPV Analysis results provided by the new capability contributed to the technical bases compiled from several sources by the Belgian nuclear regulatory agency (FANC) and eventually used by FANC to justify the restart of these NPPs.
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Yi, Jingang, Damoon Soudbakhsh, Yizhai Zhang, and Yang Zhang. "Why Some Parkinson’s Disease Patients Cannot Stand or Walk But Can Ride a Bicycle: A Control System-Based Analysis." In ASME 2012 5th Annual Dynamic Systems and Control Conference joint with the JSME 2012 11th Motion and Vibration Conference. ASME, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2012-movic2012-8735.
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Ilham, Muhammad, Indarta Kuncoro Aji, and Tomio Okawa. "Numerical Investigation of Safety System Parameters in Molten Salt Reactor: Wall Effect on Freeze Valve Opening Time." In 2021 28th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone28-64134.
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Abstract Molten Salt Reactor (MSRs) is one of the fourth generation Nuclear Power Plants with better capabilities and potentialities compared to previous generation, the enthusiasm for molten fuel reactor has been increasing around the world. MSRs has passive safety where if the core is overheating cause by accident event, the liquid salt fuel was required to be moved to the safety drain tank underneath the core vessel by gravity force. During this occasion, the freeze valve (FV) that formed in the pipe located between the core and drain tank must be melt out promptly to prevent the vessel to reach it is melting point. In this paper, we conduct on thermal analysis of the freeze valve at the solidification and melting process based on finite elements methods. The enthalpy-porosity method adopted by ANSYS Fluent was used to simulated the designed system at specified condition. The Oak Ridge National Laboratory of Molten Salt Reactor Experiment Freeze valve system was used as a references for parameters investigation. Using pipe wall thickness of 5 mm, 10 mm, and 15 mm to examined the wall effect to thermal properties of the designed freeze valve. The wall pipe for FV systems material was also investigate in order to examine its effect to the opening time. Further, the temperature distributions of the valve system were obtained and analyzed. It was found that the wall effect has significant impact to the solidification and melting process.
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Kusnick, Joshua, Mark Kirk, B. Richard Bass, Paul Williams, and Terry Dickson. "Effect of Cladding Residual Stress Modeling Technique on Shallow Flaw Stress Intensity Factor in a Reactor Pressure Vessel." In ASME 2015 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2015-45086.
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Prior probabilistic fracture mechanics (PFM) analysis of reactor pressure vessels (RPVs) subjected to normal cool-down transients has shown that shallow, internal surface-breaking flaws dominate the RPV failure probability. This outcome is caused by the additional crack driving force generated near the clad interface due to the mismatch in coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between the cladding and base material, which elevates the thermally induced stresses. The CTE contribution decreases rapidly away from the cladding, making this effect negligible for deeper flaws. The probabilistic fracture mechanics code FAVOR (Fracture Analysis of Vessels, Oak Ridge) uses a stress-free temperature model to account for residual stresses in the RPV wall due to the cladding application process. This paper uses finite element analysis to compare the stresses and stress intensity factor during a cool-down transient for two cases: (1) the existing stress-free temperature model adopted for use in FAVOR, and (2) directly applied RPV residual stresses obtained from empirical measurements made at room temperature. It was found that for a linear elastic fracture mechanics analysis, the application of measured room temperature stresses resulted in a 10% decrease in the peak stress intensity factor during a cool-down transient as compared to the stress-free temperature model.
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Zhang, Sheng, Shanbin Shi, Xiao Wu, Xiaodong Sun, and Richard Christensen. "Double-Wall Natural Draft Heat Exchanger Design for Tritium Control in FHRs." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-67844.
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Tritium control is potentially a critical issue for Fluoride salt-cooled High-temperature Reactors (FHRs) and Molten Salt Reactors (MSRs). Tritium production rate in these reactors can be significantly higher compared to that in Light Water Reactors (LWRs). Tritium is highly permeable at high temperatures through reactor structures, especially. Therefore, heat exchangers with large heat transfer areas in FHRs and MSRs provide practical paths for the tritium generated in the primary salt migrating into the surroundings, such as Natural Draft Heat Exchangers (NDHXs) in the direct reactor auxiliary cooling system (DRACS), which are proposed as a passive decay heat removal system for these reactors. A double-wall heat exchanger design was proposed in the literature to significantly minimize the tritium release rate to the environment in FHRs. This unique shell and tube heat exchanger design adopts a three-fluid design concept and each of the heat exchanger tube consists of an inner tube and an outer tube. Each of these tube units forms three flow passages, i.e., the inner channel, annular channel, and outer channel. While this type of heat exchangers was proposed, few such heat exchangers have been designed in the literature, taking into account both heat and tritium mass transfer performance. In this study, a one-dimensional heat and mass transfer model was developed to assist the design of a double-wall NDHX for FHRs. In this model, the molten salt and air flow through the inner and outer channels, respectively. A selected sweep gas acting as a tritium removal medium flows in the annular channel and takes tritium away to minimize tritium leakage to the air flowing in the outer channel. The heat transfer model was benchmarked against a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code, i.e., ANSYS Fluent. Good agreement was obtained between the model simulation and Fluent analysis. In addition, the heat and mass transfer models combined with non-dominated sorting in generic algorithms (NSGA) were applied to investigate a potential NDHX design in Advanced High-Temperature Reactor (AHTR), a pre-conceptual FHR design developed by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. A double-wall NDHX design using inner and outer fluted tubes was therefore optimized and compared with a single-wall design in terms of performance and economics.
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Bass, B. Richard, Paul T. Williams, Peter Dillström, Ralf Tiete, Sebastien Blasset, and Vladislav Pistora. "Probabilistic Fracture Mechanics Analysis Framework for the APAL Project." In ASME 2024 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2024-121814.
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Abstract The paper describes the development of a new probabilistic analysis framework designed to support the work scope of the Advanced Pressurized Thermal Shock Analysis for Long-Term Operations (APAL) Project. The APAL Project is funded in part by the European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM) Work Program for Nuclear Safety. The primary objectives of APAL include the development of advanced probabilistic Pressurized Thermal Shock (PTS) assessment methods for reactor pressure vessels (RPVs) in the European Union (EU), including the quantification of safety margins for long term operation (LTO) and the development of best-practices guidance. The APAL Project goes beyond the state of the art by considering the uncertainties provided in the descriptions of RPV loading transients and by defining a margin based on a maximum allowable reference temperature (ART). One of the required actions within the APAL Project is focused on defining an appropriate benchmark for probabilistic analysis of an RPV subjected to PTS loading. This benchmark will be applied when performing analyses using advanced probabilistic PTS assessment methods. Consensus APAL documents have identified specific modeling elements required to define and analyze this benchmark. Those elements include: (a) the Master-Curve distribution for fracture toughness, (b) capabilities for enhanced underclad crack analysis, and (c) specific correlations for fluence attenuation and reference temperature shifts due to radiation damage and embrittlement of the RPV wall. These capabilities were identified by the Probabilistic Structural Integrity of a Pressurized Water Reactor Pressure Vessel (PROSIR) Project, sponsored by OECD NEA/CSNI. Several APAL participating organizations use the probabilistic fracture mechanics (PFM) computer code Fracture Analysis of Vessels – Oak Ridge (FAVOR), v16.1, exclusively for PTS analyses of RPVs; however, some modelling elements required by APAL are not included in FAVOR. Pursuant to the above new analysis requirements, one of the APAL participants, Oakridge Consulting International (OCI), Inc., implemented the above modelling capabilities into an advanced probabilistic analysis framework based on FAVOR, v16.1. The new PFM framework has been named Code for Advanced PTS Analysis for Long-Term Operation of RPVs (CAPAL), to distinguish it from the original FAVOR, v16.1, code. This paper presents an overview of the CAPAL computational framework and the new capabilities implemented by OCI. Applications of the latter, described herein, demonstrate that CAPAL incorporates the specific modeling methodologies required to meet APAL’s objectives for performing advanced probabilistic analyses of the APAL-defined benchmarks focused on PTS integrity assessments of nuclear RPVs.
Reports on the topic "Wala Ridge analysis"
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Sampling and analysis plan for the gunite and associated tanks interim remedial action, wall coring and scraping at Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/573114.
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Sampling and Analysis Plan for the Gunite and Associated Tanks Treatability Study, wall coring and scraping in Tanks W-3 and W-4 (North Tank Farm), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/522582.
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