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Sánchez, Garvín Mario. "Network constellations for mobile payments - Influence of the leading partner on NFC-based mobile digital wallets." Thesis, KTH, Bygg- och fastighetsekonomi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-76718.
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The mobile payments industry, which is currently at an early stage of development, is taking the direction to be established mainly as an NFC-based industry, and, moreover, led by the mobile digital wallets setting. A mobile digital wallet is a complete payment app for your NFC-enabled mobile phone that enables consumers to pay at stores at the point of sale with a mobile phone. The digital wallet, which is associated with a credit card, integrates all payment-related services like the management and storage of receipts, coupons and offers, and loyalty cards. Currently, there are three big partnerships going ahead of the NFC mPayments stream: Google Wallet, VISA’s Digital Wallet and ISIS Mobile Wallet. Each one of these three mobile digital wallets is led by an actor coming from a different industry of origin. Google Wallet is led by Google, an internet and technology actor. VISA’s Digital Wallet is managed by Visa, a traditional payment processor. And ISIS Mobile Wallet is led by three of the largest US telecom operators: AT&T, T-Mobile and Verizon. Thus, applying a business network theory to analyse how the industry of origin of the mobile digital wallet affects the interaction within the partnership formed is a unique and perfectly fitted opportunity. The aim of this Master Thesis was to analyse the influence, regarding interaction, of the origin industry of the leading partners on the NFC-based mobile digital wallet partnerships of the mobile payments developing industry. A literature review on business network theory was conducted, in order to identify key features of the business landscape affecting interaction on business networks, as well as an industry analysis of the mobile payments developing industry. Then, the business network theory approach was applied to the study of the mobile payments digital wallet setting, conducting a discussion based both on the industry analysis performed and a set of interviews with experts on the mobile payments industry.
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Bartoo, Debora S. "Financial Services Innovation: Opportunities for Transformation Through Facial Recognition and Digital Wallet Patents." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1370778739.
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Bulgakova, Daria. "Some aspects of representation theory of walled Brauer algebras." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AIXM0022.
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L'algèbre de Brauer murée est une algèbre unitaire associative. Il s’agit d’une algèbre de diagramme engendré par des diagrammes «murés» particuliers. Cette algèbre peut être définie par des générateurs et des relations. Dans le premier chapitre de la thèse, nous construisons la forme normale de l'algèbre de Brauer murée - un ensemble de monômes de base (mots) dans les générateurs. Nous introduisons une modification “ordonnée” du fameux lemme du diamant de Bergman, à savoir, nous présentons un ensemble de règles qui, étant appliquées dans un certain ordre, permet de réduire tout monôme dans les générateurs à un élément de la forme normale. Nous appliquons ensuite la forme normale pour calculer la fonction génératrice du nombre de mots avec une longueur minimale donnée.Une procédure de fusion donne une construction de la famille maximale d'idempotents orthogonaux minimaux par paire dans l'algèbre et, par conséquent, fournit un moyen de comprendre les bases dans les représentations irréductibles. Nous construisons la procédure de fusion pour l'algèbre de Brauer murée, à savoir, tous les idempotents primitifs est trouvé par les évaluations consécutives de fonction rationnelle en plusieurs variables.Dans le deuxième chapitre, nous étudions le produit tensoriel mixte des représentations fondamentales tridimensionnelles de l'algèbre de Hopf U_q sl(2|1). L'un des principaux résultats consiste à établir des formules explicites pour la décomposition des produits tensoriels de tout module de U_q sl(2|1) simple ou projectif avec les modules générateurs. Un autre résultat important consiste à décomposer le produit tensoriel mixte en un bimoduleThe walled Brauer algebra is an associative unital algebra. It is a diagram algebra spanned by particular ‘walled’ diagrams with multiplication given by concatenation. This algebra can be defined in terms of generators, obeying certain relations. In the first part of the dissertation we construct the normal form of the walled Brauer algebra - a set of basis monomials (words) in generators. This set is constructed with the aid of the so-called Bergman’s diamond lemma: we present a set of rules which allows one to reduce any monomial in generators to an element from the normal form. We then apply the normal form to calculate the generating function for the numbers of words with a given minimal length.A fusion procedure gives a construction of the maximal family of pairwise orthogonal minimal idempotents in the algebra, and therefore, provides a way to understand bases in the irreducible representations. As a main result of the second part we construct the fusion procedure for the walled Brauer algebra and show that all primitive idempotents can be found by evaluating a rational function in several variables. In the third part we study the mixed tensor product of three-dimensional fundamental representations of the Hopf algebra U_q sl(2|1). One of the main results consists in the establishing of the explicit formulae for the decomposition of tensor products of any simple or any projective U_q sl(2|1)-module with the generating modules. Another important outcome consists in decomposing the mixed tensor product as a bimodule
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Lindsay, Lucas R. "Theory of Phonon Thermal Transport in Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene." Thesis, Boston College, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/1167.
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Thesis advisor: David A. BroidoA theory is presented for describing the lattice thermal conductivities of graphene and single-walled carbon nanotubes. A phonon Boltzmann transport equation approach is employed to describe anharmonic phonon-phonon, crystal boundary, and isotopic impurity scattering. Full quantum mechanical phonon scattering is employed and an exact solution for the linearized Boltzmann transport equation is determined for each system without use of common relaxation time and long-wavelength approximations. The failures of these approximations in describing the thermal transport properties of nanotubes is discussed. An efficient symmetry based dynamical scheme is developed for carbon nanotubes and selection rules for phonon-phonon scattering in both graphene and nanotubes are introduced. The selection rule for scattering in single-walled carbon nanotubes allows for calculations of the thermal conductivities of large-diameter and chiral nanotubes that could not be previously studied due to computational limitations. Also due to this selection rule, no acoustic-only umklapp scattering can occur, thus, acoustic-optic scattering must be included in order to have thermal resistance from three-phonon processes. The graphene selection rule severely restricts phonon-phonon scattering of out-of-plane modes. This restriction leads to large contributions to the total thermal conductivity of graphene from the acoustic, out-of-plane modes which have been previously neglected. Empirical potentials used to model interactions in carbon-based materials are optimized to better describe the lattice dynamics of graphene-derived systems. These potentials are then used to generate the interatomic force constants needed to make calculations of the thermal conductivities of graphene and carbon nanotubes. Calculations of the thermal conductivities of single-walled carbon nanotubes and graphene for different temperatures and lengths are presented. The thermal conductivities of SWCNTs saturate in the diffusive regime when the effects of higher-order scattering processes are estimated and correctly reproduce the ballistic limit for short-length nanotubes at low temperatures. The effects of isotopic impurity scattering on the thermal conductivities of graphene and SWCNTs are explored. Isotopic impurities have little effect in the low (high) temperature regime where boundary (umklapp) scattering dominates the behavior of the thermal conductivities. In the intermediate temperature regime, modest reductions in the thermal conductivities, 15-20%, occur due to impurities. The thermal conductivities of a wide-range of SWCNTs are explored. The thermal conductivities of successively larger-diameter, one-dimensional nanotubes approach the thermal conductivity of two-dimensional graphene
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2010
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Physics
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Ahmed, Malik Nazir. "The constrained torsional analysis of thin-walled variable cross-section multi-cell laminated composite beams." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/3002.
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A Constrained Torsional Analysis of Thin-Walled Variable Cross-Section Multi-Cell Laminated Composite Beams has been undertaken . The existing Isotopic theory has been modified using the effective engineering elastic constants to cater for the Composite structures under torsional loads. The relevant computer programs for the Composite structure analysis have also been developed. The results are discussed in detail for single-cell and multi-cell prismatic/tapered beams for all [0/45/-45/90], lay up in flanges and webs, all [45/-45]2], lay-up in flanges and webs, and for flanges [0/45/-45/90], & webs [45/-45]2], lay-up. The theoretical results obtained are then compared with those obtained from a finite element method analysis carried out by the author employing MSC commercial package PATRAN/NASTRAN. This has provided confidence in the validity and capability of the developed Composite theory in handling the Torsional Analysis of Variable Cross-section Single-Cell & Multi-Cell Laminated Composite Beams.
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Gutierrez, Sanchez Alejandro Rafael <1985>. "Modelling and analysis of thin-walled beams in the context of the Generalized Beam Theory." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6629/.
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In this work, the Generalized Beam Theory (GBT) is used as the main tool to analyze the mechanics of thin-walled beams. After an introduction to the subject and a quick review of some of the most well-known approaches to describe the behaviour of thin-walled beams, a novel formulation of the GBT is presented. This formulation contains the classic shear-deformable GBT available in the literature and contributes an additional description of cross-section warping that is variable along the wall thickness besides along the wall midline. Shear deformation is introduced in such a way that the classical shear strain components of the Timoshenko beam theory are recovered exactly. According to the new kinematics proposed, a reviewed form of the cross-section analysis procedure is devised, based on a unique modal decomposition. Later, a procedure for a posteriori reconstruction of all the three-dimensional stress components in the finite element analysis of thin-walled beams using the GBT is presented. The reconstruction is simple and based on the use of three-dimensional equilibrium equations and of the RCP procedure. Finally, once the stress reconstruction procedure is presented, a study of several existing issues on the constitutive relations in the GBT is carried out. Specifically, a constitutive law based on mirroring the kinematic constraints of the GBT model into a specific stress field assumption is proposed. It is shown that this method is equally valid for isotropic and orthotropic beams and coincides with the conventional GBT approach available in the literature. Later on, an analogous procedure is presented for the case of laminated beams. Lastly, as a way to improve an inherently poor description of shear deformability in the GBT, the introduction of shear correction factors is proposed. Throughout this work, numerous examples are provided to determine the validity of all the proposed contributions to the field.
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Cai, Junle. "Interactive Buckling and Post-Buckling Studies of Thin-Walled Structural Members with Generalized Beam Theory." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/75055.
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Most thin-walled metallic structural members experience some extent of interactive buckling that corrodes the load carrying capacity. Current design methods predict the strength of thin-walled metallic structural members based on individual buckling limit-states and limited case of interactive buckling limit state. In order to develop design methods for most coupled buckling limit states, the interaction of buckling modes needs to be studied.
This dissertation first introduces a generally applicable methodology for Generalized Beam Theory (GBT) elastic buckling analysis on members with holes, where the buckling modes of gross cross-section interact with those of net cross-section. The approach treats member with holes as a structural system consisting of prismatic sub-members. These sub-members are connected by enforcing nodal compatibility conditions for the GBT discretization points at the interfaces. To represent the shear lag effect and nonlinear normal stress distribution in the vicinity of a hole, GBT shear modes with nonlinear warping are included. Modifications are made to the GBT geometric stiffness because of the influence from shear lag effect caused by holes. In the following sections, the GBT formulation for a prismatic bar is reviewed and the GBT formulation for members with holes is introduced. Special aspects of analyzing members with holes are defined, namely the compatibility conditions to connect sub-members and the geometric stiffness for members with holes. Validation and three examples are provided.
The second topic of this dissertation involves a buckling mode decomposition method of normalized displacement field, bending stresses and strain energy for thin-walled member displacement field (point clouds or finite element results) based on generalized beam theory (GBT). The method provides quantitative modal participation information regarding eigen-buckling displacement fields, stress components and elastic strain energy, that can be used to inform future design approaches. In the method, GBT modal amplitudes are retrieved at discrete cross-sections, and the modal amplitude field is reconstructed assuming it can be piece-wisely approximated by polynomials. The unit displacement field, stress components and strain energy are all retrieved by using reconstructed GBT modal amplitude field and GBT constitutive laws. Theory and examples are provided, and potential applications are discussed including cold-formed steel member design and post-disaster evaluation of thin-walled structural members.
In the third part, post-buckling modal decomposition is made possible by development of a geometrically nonlinear GBT software. This tool can be used to assist understanding couple-buckling limit-states. Lastly, the load-deformation response considering any one GBT mode is derived analytically for fast computation and interpretation of structural post-buckling behavior.Ph. D.
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Jirlén, Johan, and Emil Kauppi. "Carbon Nanotube Raman Spectra Calculations using Density Functional Theory." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-62169.
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Utilizing density functional theory (DFT) the Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package (VASP) was used to calculate the Raman spectra for five single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with chiralities (4,4), (6,6), (8,0), (12,0) and (7,1). The radial breathing mode (RBM), when compared with experimental frequencies, shows good correlation. When compared to RBM:s calculated with tight binding the frequencies calculated with DFT displayed higher accuracy. The precision of G-band frequencies were inconclusive due to lack of experimental data. The frequencies did not agree well with the results from tight-binding theory. The correctness of the Raman activity estimations using results from DFT calculations was found to be questionable. An unknown mode, which was found to be highly Raman active in the calculated spectra of (4,4), (6,6), and possibly (8,0), and (12,0), is also discussed. It was concluded that further calculations on larger tubes, especially armchair tubes are relevant for future studies. Further verification of the determination of Raman activity is also needed.Supervisors: Daniel Hedman, Andreas Larsson and Sven Öberg
F7042T - Project in Engineering Physics
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Lo, Hung-Chieh. "Vibration Characteristics of Thin-Walled Noncircular Composite Cylinders." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77207.
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The lowest natural frequencies of thin-walled noncircular fiber-reinforced composite cylinders, specifically cylinders with elliptical cross sections, are investigated. Of interest is the variation of the lowest natural frequency, the so-called fundamental frequency, as a function of wall laminate properties, cross-sectional eccentricity and other cylinder geometric parameters. Both simple and clamped support boundary conditions are investigated. Laminate properties that are uniform with circumferential location and laminate properties that vary with circumferential location, by way of varying laminate fiber angle with circumferential location, are considered. As the radius of curvature of a noncircular cylinder varies with circumferential location, it is logical to consider the influence of circumferentially varying fiber orientation on the fundamental frequency. The analysis for predicting the fundamental frequency is based on Donnell shell theory, linear elastic properties, and the use of Hamilton's Principle in conjunction with the Rayleigh-Ritz technique. By use of a so-called shape factor, the magnitude of cylinder normal displacements are modulated to be larger in the regions of the cross section with the largest radius of curvatures and smaller in the regions with the smallest radius of curvature. The final equations for predicting the fundamental frequency are quite complex, but a series of approximations results in a hierarchy of simpler equations, the simplest being referred to as Lo's approximation. The prediction of the fundamental frequencies is spot checked by comparing the results as predicted by the various levels of approximation with predictions of a shell-based finite element model. Considering uniform laminate properties, comparisons between the developed analysis and the finite element model are good for all levels of simpler equations, and excellent in some cases. The developed analysis is subsequently used for parameter studies. It is found that compared to a circular cylinder of the same circumference and with uniform laminate properties, the fundamental frequency of an elliptical cylinder is always less. Surprisingly, based on the results obtained, it appears that for a given cylinder geometry the fundamental frequency is not particularly sensitive to wall lamination sequence, though the wave number in the circumferential direction of the mode shape associated with the fundamental frequency is sensitive to lamination sequence. Considering cylinders with circumferentially varying fiber orientation, comparisons between the developed analysis and the finite element model for most of the cases studied are good. However, the developed equations are limited since it is difficult to find a set of known functions to describe the deformation of an arbitrary lamination sequence when applying the Rayleigh-Ritz technique. In general, in can be concluded that the effect of varying fiber orientation on the fundamental frequency is much less than the influence of cylinder aspect ratio. It can also be concluded that the developed analysis would be an excellent tool for design purposes, as the calculation of the fundamental frequency is done quickly, and design trade-offs studies would be easy.Ph. D.
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Melchionda, Domenico <1987>. "First-Order and Buckling Analysis of Thin-Walled Members with Deformable Cross-Section within the Generalized Beam Theory." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7564/.
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In this work, the Generalized Beam Theory (GBT) is used as the main tool to analyze the mechanics of thin-walled beams. After a brief introduction to the subject, the attention is focused on the constitutive relations both for the isotropic and the orthotropic cases. In particular, a novel approach based on energetic arguments , able to automatically select appropriate constitutive relations in accordance with the GBT kinematics, is presented. Furthermore, the concept of consistency of a GBT-based model is introduced and a consistency analysis is conducted. This provides a formal basis to investigate the effects of various families of cross-section deformation modes in terms of predictive capabilities of the GBT model. Later, a new finite element for GBT beams is presented. The element is based on the hybrid complementary energy functional, involving nodal displacements and equilibrating stresses within the element as indipendent variables. Assumed stresses are rationally derived basing on the stresses associated to analytical solutions of some particular cases. The numerical results show the high performance of the proposed element. Subsequently, in the framework of cold-formed stability verification, a verification approach called Embedded Stability Analysis is shown. The verification approach, based on the GBT, is an interesting alternative to the simplified procedures provided by current standards and it is applicable in a simple and general way. A synthetic parameter allows the designer to evaluate when it is more appropriate to consider the distortional effects in thin-walled stability check. Finally, in the framework of cold-formed stability analysis, a new version of the so-called approach ECBL (Erosion of the Critical Load Bifurcation), based on the GBT, is presented. The numerical results show an excellent agreement between the new version ECBL approach and the experimental results.
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Birchler, Susan. "Ecological Art: Ruth Wallen and Cultural Activism." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001969.
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Melia, Fulvio. "Physical basis for the symmetries in the Friedmann–Robertson–Walker metric." Springer Verlag, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614770.
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Modern cosmological theory is based on the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) metric. Often
written in terms of co-moving coordinates, this well-known solution to Einstein's equations
owes its elegant and highly practical formulation to the Cosmological principal and Weyl's
postulate, upon which it is founded. But there is physics behind such symmetries, and not all
of it has yet been recognized. In this paper, we derive the FRW metric coefficients from the
general form of the spherically-symmetric line element, and demonstrate that, because the
co-moving frame also happens to be in free fall, the symmetries in FRW are valid only for a medium
with zero active mass. In other words, the spacetime of a perfect fluid in cosmology may be
correctly written as FRW only when its equation-of-state is $\rho+3p=0$, in terms of the
{\it total} pressure $p$ and {\it total} energy density $\rho$. There is now compelling observational
support for this conclusion, including the Alcock-Paczy\'nski test, which shows that only an FRW
cosmology with zero active mass is consistent with the latest model-independent Baryon
Acoustic Oscillation data.
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Lo, Patrick Kar-Leung. "Comparison of theory and experiment for flexural-torsional buckling of laminated composite columns." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50051.
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Vlasov’s one-dimensional structural theory for thin-walled open section bars was originally developed and used for metallic elements. The theory was recently extended to laminated bars fabricated from advanced composite materials. The purpose of this research is to provide a study and assessment of the extended theory. The focus is on flexural and torsional-flexural buckling of thin-walled, open section, laminated composite columns. Buckling loads are computed from the theory using a linear bifurcation analysis, and are compared to available experimental data. Also, a geometrically nonlinear beam column analysis by the finite element method is developed from the theory. Results from the nonlinear compression response analysis are compared to limited available test data. The merits of the theory and its implementation are discussed.Master of Science
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Mercier, Jean-François. "Calculating the diffusion coefficient of a random walker among immobile obstacles, new numerically exact theory and applications." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0004/MQ45241.pdf.
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O'Callaghan, Ronan. "Ethics as response : a critical analysis of Michael Walzer's 'just war' theory in the context of Iraq." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/ethics-as-response-a-critical-analysis-of-michael-walzers-just-war-theory-in-the-context-of-iraq(544cea1b-5d69-452b-bd7f-1f8dbecd26f4).html.
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In recent years, human rights discourse has become increasingly intertwined in the justifications presented for Western wars and interventions. The aim of this thesis is to illustrate the problems implicated in human rights based justifications of war and violence. To achieve this aim, this work makes three primary contributions to International Relations scholarship. First, the thesis provides a robust critique of Michael Walzer's conception of ethical responsibility and his rights based justification of war. Second, I describe an alternative understanding of ethical responsibility that follows from the work of Jacques Derrida, ethics as response. And third, I demonstrate, thorough a reading of the 2003 Iraq War, how ethics as response can provide us with a better understanding of what it means to act ethically in times of war. The central argument presented in this thesis is that rights based justifications of war are predicated upon the belief that moral rules of conduct help us to resolve questions of ethical responsibility in war: moral rules tell us what the right thing to do is and show us how we can act in a morally justified way. This thesis argues that moral rules narrow our understanding of ethical responsibility by promoting adherence to the law rather than responsibility to other people. In contrast, ethics as response provides a model of ethical action that denies the possibility of satisfaction and, thereby, advocates sustained engagements with the consequences of violent action. Ultimately, the idea of ethics as response calls our attention to the uncertainty and uncontrollability implicated in violent actions justified in the name of human rights.
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Munro, Nell. "The discreditation of mad people within legal and psychiatric decision making : a systems theory approach." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2008. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11716/.
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Luhmann defined social systems as structured around specific social codes, and comprised of the communications relating to that code. This thesis asks how the phenomenon of madness can be understood within this framework and argues that mad utterances are statements or acts which cannot be parsed according to any existing system of social or interpersonal meaning. The psy-disciplines transform these uncertain acts into stable meaning by defining them within a functionalist or pathological framework. These meanings are fragile because the operations of the psyche are socially invisible and so mad utterances have to be defined in relation to existing social systems of meaning. Mad utterances therefore generate uncertainty, which leads systems such as law and the economy to over-react to madness and discredit to a disproportionate degree what mad people have to say. The discreditation of mad people is problematic because it limits their personal autonomy. The ways in which systems exclude mad people, even when their stated objective is to promote their inclusion, is illustrated by the research literature on involvement in healthcare decision-making. The law plays a particular role in sustaining discreditable assumptions about mad people, and this is evidenced by a close examination of the research literature and case law relating to the Mental Health Review Tribunal in England and Wales. Luhmann's systems theory is not normative, so no clear normative agenda for change can be adduced from this description alone. Instead, this account offers a new theoretical framework within which to understand some of the shortcomings of mental health law, which is of particular relevance now that the involvement of mad people in decision-making them has been firmly placed on the legal and political agendas.
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Foster, Mark Joseph. "Modeling Conductive Properties of Highly Aligned Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube and Graphene Thin Films." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1627748724986992.
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Snape, Edward John. "Public law and public management : “theory” and “values” in corporation tax reform." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2008. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/201/.
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Reforming the UK’s corporation tax code is becoming more of a widespread political concern than the preoccupation of specialists. This functionalist study offers an interpretation, and assesses the arguments. It views the corporation tax code as public law, energised by political values whose meaning and prioritisation are shaped by the prudential logic of effectiveness. The institutions that generate the code, and the challenges of globalisation to the nation state, have highlighted historic tensions between Crown and Parliament, and the latter’s scrutiny of the managerialist governance style that the code’s reform involves. This style is apparent in the ideology of the public interest that reform is designed to promote, a process that involves the skilful balancing of efficiency and fairness. Surprisingly, perhaps, there is little in the conduct of reform that violates the traditions of the UK’s representative democracy. The result is a code that, given its public law status, is a pre-eminent example of political jurisprudence. Its values, their prioritisation, and their change and complexity, are inevitably contentious, because they are the products of representative institutions. Criticism of the code generally understates these points. What are presented as impartial legal arguments are often simply rival views of the public interest.
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Schürmann, Hans. "Kritik - Pragmatik - Pluralität : der Ansatz von Michael Walzer und dessen Bedeutung für die Theologie /." Wien ; Berlin ; Münster : Lit, 2008. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3069715&prov=M&dokv̲ar=1&doke̲xt=htm.
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Solares, Rivera Santiago de Jesus Goddard William A. "Multi-scale simulations of single-walled carbon nanotube atomic force microscopy and density functional theory characterization of functionalized and non-functionalized silicon surfaces /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : Caltech, 2006. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-05122006-102528.
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Choudhry, Shazia. "The impact of the European Convention on Human Rights on UK family law : doctrine, theory and gender." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2016. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/80235/.
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My work in the field of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) and domestic family law grew out of concern as to whether the so-called 'paramountcy principle' contained in the Children Act 1989 (CA 1989) was compatible with the ECHR as incorporated by the Human Rights Act 1998 (HRA). My first examination of its compatibility took place within the context of the extension of the paramountcy principle from private law children proceedings to public law adoption proceedings by the Adoption and Children Act 2002. This evolved into a larger and more detailed analysis with Professor Helen Fenwick, an expert in the field of human rights, of the compatibility of the principle in both private and public law proceedings under the CA 1989 within the broader context of the merits of adopting a rights-based approach to applications by parents under the act. This also examined in detail what I considered to be a great deal of sceptism about the adoption of a rights based approach and the possible reasons for it within the domestic family law field. After this, I was able to provide a detailed analysis of the merits of adopting a rights based approach to the issue of domestic violence with Professor Jonathan Herring in two further publications. All of these publications therefore form part of the body of work on which the PhD is based.
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Wang, Jun. "A Quantum Lefschetz Theorem without Convexity." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587420301053309.
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Hedman, Daniel. "A Theoretical Study: The Connection between Stability of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Observed Products." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Materialvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-62321.
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Over the past 20 years’ researchers have tried to utilize the remarkable properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) to create new high-tech materials and devices, such as strong light-weight composites, efficient electrical wires and super-fast transistors. But the mass production of these materials and devices are still hampered by the poor uniformity of the produced SWCNTs. These are hollow cylindrical tubes of carbon where the atomic structure of the tube wall consists of just a single atomic layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal grid. For a SWCNT the orientation of the hexagonal grid making up the tube wall is what determines its properties, this orientation is known as the chirality of a SWCNT. As an example, tubes with certain chiralities will be electrically conductive while others having different chiralities will be semiconducting. Today’s large scale methods for producing SWCNTs, commonly known as growth of SWCNTs, gives products with a large spread of different chiralities. A mixture of chiralities will give products with a mixture of different properties. This is one of the major problems holding back the use of SWCNTs in future materials and devices. The ultimate goal is to achieve growth where the resulting product is uniform, meaning that all of the SWCNTs have the same chirality, a process termed chirality-specific growth. To achieve chirality-specific growth of SWCNTs requires us to obtain a better fundamental understanding about how they grow, both from an experimental and a theoretical point of view. This work focuses on theoretical studies of SWCNT properties and how they relate to the growth process, thereby giving us vital new information about how SWCNTs grow and taking us ever closer to achieving the ultimate goal of chirality-specific growth. In this thesis, an introduction to the field is given and the current state of the art experiments focusing on chirality-specific growth of SWCNTs are presented. A brief review of the current theoretical works and computer simulations related to growth of SWCNTs is also presented. The results presented in this thesis are obtained using first principle density functional theory. The first study shows a correlation between the stability of SWCNT-fragments and the observed products from experiments. Calculations confirm that in 84% of the investigated cases the chirality of experimental products matches the chirality of the most stable SWCNT-fragments (within 0.2 eV). Further theoretical calculations also reveal a previously unknown link between the stability of SWCNT-fragments and their length. The calculations show that at specific SWCNT-fragment lengths the most stable chirality changes. Thus, introducing the concept of a switching length for SWCNT stability. How these new results link to the existing understanding of SWCNT growth is discussed at the end of the thesis.
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Watkins, Richard. "Theirs but to do and die? : guaranteeing soldiers' right to life." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/47723/.
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On 25 October 1855 Lord Cardigan led the Light Brigade in a fateful charge against a Russian artillery battery. Poet Laureate Lord Tennyson immortalised the cavalry’s valour in verse. Theirs not to make reply, Theirs not to reason why, Theirs but to do & die, Into the valley of Death Rode the six hundred Since then, British soldiers, sailors and pilots have been engaged in countless wars, conflicts and peacekeeping missions across the globe. Many have died in defence of the United Kingdom and her interests. What obligations do states have to armed forces personnel who lay down their lives? This thesis is about guaranteeing armed forces personnel’s right to life. It asks about the obligations states owe to their own armed forces under the European Convention on Human Rights. Military service exposes individual servicemen and women to countless dangers – the risk of being killed in enemy attack, friendly fire, the risks from hostile environments and infectious disease, difficult training exercises and the inherent risks surrounding weapons. This thesis examines whether states are under a duty to protect servicemen and women against such risks. These risks are inherent to military service. Some, such as enemy attack, are virtually impossible to predict and guard against. The focus of this thesis is to establish realistic, practical and effective expressions of the right to life that fulfil states’ obligations under human rights law, whilst also maintaining military efficacy, discretion and decision-making authority. In order to be effective human rights law must not impose unrealistic burdens on states. This thesis considers how to provide effective, balanced legal protection for servicemen and women that makes allowances for the realities of military service.
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Fuller, Rachael Anora. "In Pursuit of "The Walden State-of-Mind": Henry David Thoreau in Charles Ives's Music." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1428944240.
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Canga, P. "Detention of minors in the United Kingdom and Turkey as an immigration policy : assessing the predictive value of human rights compliance theory." Thesis, City, University of London, 2017. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/19259/.
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The end of World War II was the beginning of an era of promises being made for the protection of human rights. Since then, the international community has established a variety of legal instruments that aim to achieve this protection. These legal instruments at the international level provide certain standards for states to fulfil, such as the right to a fair trial and prohibition of arbitrary detention. Despite the growing international human rights network including several official and non-official actors, non-compliance with international protection standards by states is still a serious challenge within the system. The ever-enlarging literature on international law compliance theories persistently seeks to find ways to overcome this problem. Immigration detention of children, one of the human rights issues on which the international network has provided guidance to states, has been practiced by Turkish and British immigration authorities for a considerable period of time. This practice has been justified on the grounds of efficient immigration control. Nevertheless, these two countries recently took legislative steps towards compliance with international human rights standards regarding immigration detention of minors. This research investigated these processes in Turkey and the UK to find out whether there were any actors that influenced the decision to change legislation by applying a selected compliance theory that focuses on socialisation between various actors such as courts and international monitoring bodies and the state. It was clear that these two very different countries reached the same conclusions via distinct routes, in reference to different reasons and motivations. While the theory’s predictive value showed only limited success in the UK’s case due to its reliance on socialisation and international law, it had high explanatory power for Turkey’s case. Nonetheless, it still demonstrated the importance of identifying actors capable of influencing decisionmaking of states to further strengthen the system of protection of human rights.
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Silva, Tales Sales da. "Uma leitura política das Teses sobre a Filosofia da História de Walter Benjamin." Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2012. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/5597.
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This dissertation analyzes the Theses on the Philosophy of History by Walter Benjamin. The first part is a historical contextualization about the main events that buoyed the 20th century and were decisive to the building up for this thinker. Thus, I have chosen the Third International Communist, the Russian Revolution, the Nazism and the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact for illustration of Benjamin´s intellectual and political life. The narrative starts with the imbroglio of the World War I which caused a great controversy in the Second International. The left wing of that made a furious opposition to the decision of supporting the war. The reason was raised that it was an imperialist and bourgeois struggle, who had no interest to the international proletariat. Therefore, the division became more acute and the pressure to overthrow the support increased. There were three main factors for the renewal of the International: World War I, the Zimmerwald Conference and the Russian Revolution. With the sewing with the support of the German left, Lenin, Trotsky, among others, led to the creation of the Third Communist International with a socialist political project instead of the old social democrat. The Russian Revolution can be considered a groundbreaking event in the history of the twentieth century. In the same vein, the German Revolution was even more striking for Walter Benjamin on the grounds of the geographical proximity. However, there was an intriguing twist of the political left with the signing of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, which destroyed all hopes for the frankfurtian philosopher. The reading I made of the Theses on the philosophy of history was grounded in these events. As support for the comment, I used the Marxist method. Thesis by thesis, I developed the concepts of monad, redemption, messianic, history against the grain, in a highly political perspective.
A presente dissertação faz uma análise política das Teses sobre a filosofia da história de Walter Benjamin. A primeira parte consiste em uma contextualização histórica sobre os principais acontecimentos que balizaram o século XX e foram determinantes para a experiência formativa do pensador em questão. Deste modo, escolhi a III Internacional Comunista, a Revolução Russa de 1917, a Revolução Alemã, o Nazismo e o Pacto Molotov-Ribbentrop de 1939 para ilustração do período que envolve a vida política e intelectual de Walter Benjamin. A narrativa começa pelo imbróglio da Primeira Guerra Mundial que causou uma enorme polêmica dentro da cúpula da Segunda Internacional. Uma ala considerável desta se opôs ferozmente à indicação de apoio dada pela II Internacional à guerra. A razão levantada foi que tratava-se de uma disputa imperialista e burguesa, que não tinha nenhum interesse ao proletariado internacional. Logo, as cisões se tornaram mais agudas e a pressão para a derrubada do apoio aumentou. Houve três fatores principais para a renovação da Internacional: a Primeira Guerra Mundial, a Conferência de Zimmerwald e a Revolução Russa. Com a costura do apoio com a esquerda alemã, Lenin, Trotsky, entre outros, levou à criação da III Internacional Comunista com um projeto político socialista em vez do antigo social-democrata. A Revolução Russa pode ser considerada um evento demarcador da história do século XX. Na mesma linha, a Revolução Alemã foi ainda mais impactante para Walter Benjamin em razão da proximidade geográfica. No entanto, houve uma reviravolta intrigante da situação política da esquerda com a assinatura do Pacto Molotov-Ribbentrop, que aniquilou todas as esperanças para o filósofo frankfurtiano. A leitura que realizei das Teses sobre a filosofia da história foi calcada nestes eventos. Como apoio para o comentário, utilizei o método marxista. Tese por tese, desenvolvi os conceitos de mônada, redenção, messianismo, história a contrapelo, sob uma ótica eminentemente política. Palavras-chave: Messianismo História Walter Benjamin Teoria crítica
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Underwood, III Maj Robert E. "The Moral Reality of War: Defensive Force and Just War Theory." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/philosophy_theses/53.
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The permissible use of defensive force is a central tenet of the traditional legal and philosophical justification for war and its practice. Just War Theory holds a nation’s right to resist aggressive attack with defensive force as the clearest example of a just cause for war. Just War Theory also stipulates norms for warfare derived from a conception of defensive force asserted to be consistent with the moral reality of war. Recently, these aspects of Just War Theory have been criticized. David Rodin has challenged the status of national defense as an uncontroversial just cause. Jeff McMahan has charged that Just War Theory’s norms that govern warfare are inconsistent with the norms of permissive defensive force. In this thesis I defend the status of national defense as a clear case of a just cause. However, my defense may require revision of Just War Theory’s norms that govern warfare.
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Radanliev, Petar. "A conceptual framework for supply : supply chain systems architecture and integration design based on practice and theory in the North Wales slate mining industry." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2014. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/a-conceptual-framework-for-supply(1f84ee4b-b348-426b-94ed-2259bc1c716c).html.
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The aim of this thesis is to contribute to knowledge in the form of a new theory for supply chain strategy formulation. The objective is to design evaluation criteria, specific to the context of greenfield project architecture and integration design. This study addressed the aim and objective by synthesising existing methods and techniques which are outlined into a research framework of supply chain strategy problems. The study applied the case study and action research methods to pursue conceptual validity from the process of investigating the supply chain strategy formulation in a specific situation and presented the data collection and analysis process. The thesis derived a conceptual framework for investigating and identifying the relationship between multiple elements, dimensions, forces and factors that influence and affect supply chain strategy formulation in a greenfield project context, specific to the mining industry. The contribution to knowledge emerged from building upon the architecture of the conceptual framework, through synthesising existing techniques and adapting these techniques, to extend and redefine the existing knowledge on the practice of supply chain strategy formulation. Through critical analysis, a number of critical problems emerged and the process of addressing these problems, resulted with a new framework for evaluating the relationship between business and supply chain strategy, specific to greenfield project and integration context. The contribution to knowledge also derived from addressing the emerging obstacles in the process of identifying, defining and formulating, the visions and goals of individual supply chain participants from implicit into an explicit form. The process synthesised the knowledge for conceptualising the idea, through developing and evaluating information and issues, to derive insights into the complex and abstract concept, of greenfield project business and supply chain strategy formulation. The conceptual framework and evaluation framework advanced into designing greenfield project supply chain integration strategy. The process involved categorising individual supply chain strategic interests, decisions and problems into formulation areas, and was aimed at defining the process of greenfield project integration strategy as a system of concepts containing formulation areas, formulation principles, segregated into subcategories of formulation imperatives and formulation concepts. The thesis contributed to knowledge with advancement of the design engineering method, which enables visualisation of the supply chain strategy evaluation process. The design is not personalised for individual company business strategy or supply chain strategy formulation. The method was personalised to evaluate the integration of individual goals, and concepts in a supply chain strategy formulation. The novelty that emerged from the thesis was a conceptual framework for greenfield project architecture and integration design. The greenfield project architecture and design derived in the thesis a proposed conceptual system for applying the conceptual framework and the evaluation criteria.
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Hamilton, Elina G. "Walter of Evesham Abby and the intellectual milieu of fourteenth-century English music theory." Thesis, Bangor University, 2014. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/walter-of-evesham-abby-and-the-intellectual-milieu-of-fourteenthcentury-english-music-theory(2574584f-ccff-4f24-afcf-70a160635433).html.
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Wiser, Antonin. "Utopie de la littérature. La question littéraire dans l’œuvre de Theodor W. Adorno." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040111.
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La présente thèse se propose d’étudier la question de la littérature dans l’œuvre d’Adorno. Elle fait apparaître la fonction utopique que le philosophe attribue à la littérature en tant que celle-ci dessine l’horizon d’une « langue sans terre », ligne de fuite hors de la dialectique de la raison. Tandis que le discours philosophique a reproduit dans son appareil conceptuel la violence mythico-rationnelle à l’encontre du singulier non-identique, la langue littéraire semble en mesure d’indiquer la possibilité de parvenir par le concept au-delà du concept, ce qui constitue le désir utopique de la dialectique négative. L’enjeu n’est pas seulement épistémique : il est bien éthico-politique, lié à la possibilité d’établir des rapports à l’autre libérés de la contrainte de l’identité.Dans les œuvres littéraires dont il entreprend la lecture – qu’il s’agisse de celle d’Eichendorff, de Hölderlin, de Proust, de Valéry, de Beckett ou encore de Kafka – Adorno ne cherche cependant pas une figure concrète de l’utopie, mais la trace de « ce qui nous appartient en propre et qui a été laissé en blanc » – aussi bien dans les textes que dans l’Histoire. La littérature porte alors en creux ce possible impossible dont la puissance hante le présent entre ses lignes ; elle est de la réconciliation (Versöhnung) une image sans image, tout à la fois ressource de la critique radicale des conditions existantes et réserve du désir d’un autre à venirThis dissertation proposes to study the question of literature in the work of Adorno. It shows the utopian function which the philosopher attributes to literature as it draws the horizon of a "language without soil", a line of flight from the dialectic of reason. While philosophical discourse reproduces in its conceptual apparatus the mythical-rational violence against the non-identical singular, the language of literature seems able to indicate the possibility of reaching beyond the concept with the help of the concept, which is the utopian desire of negative dialectics. The challenge is not only epistemic: it is ethical-political as well, related to the possibility of establishing relations with others which are freed from the constraints of identity.In the literary works which he studies – those of Eichendorff, Hölderlin, Proust, Valery, Beckett or Kafka –, Adorno does however not seek a concrete figure of utopia, but rather traces of "what is our own and has been left blank" - both in these texts and in History. In those blanks, literature contains the « possible impossible » which haunts the present ; it is the picture without picture of Reconciliation (Versöhnung), a resource for both a radical critique of existence and for the desire of the other to come
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GUIMARÃES, Conceição Ribeiro. "Reflexões sobre a racionaldade moderna, sobre a experiência-rememoração e sobre a infância em Walter Benjamin." www.teses.ufc.br, 2013. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/7525.
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GUIMARÃES, Conceição Ribeiro. Reflexões sobre a racionaldade moderna, sobre a experiência-rememoração e sobre a infância em Walter Benjamin. 2013. 125f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação Brasileira, Fortaleza (CE), 2013.Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-02-27T13:53:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013-DIS-CRGUIMARAES.pdf: 544754 bytes, checksum: 503af9e979abbbb0b9bb167e39ee8cf5 (MD5)
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This thesis aims the study: Reflections on the modern rationality,on the experience-recollection and on the childhood in Walter Benjamin. His scathing critique of the rationalist thinking, at least on the way of his time (20th centure), dealt with children, and, in opposition to this thinking, he presents the child as the subject of childhood. For this research, we mostly investigated the following works of the author: Reflections on the child, toy and education (1932), Magic and technical, political art (1930) and One-Way Street (1931). This thesis was divided in three chapters: the first we situate the author in the context of the Frankfurt School; the second chapter we work on the text: Experience and Poverty and the Storyteller: considerations on the work of Nikolai Leskov, wherein the author criticizes the exaggerated manner of using technique and values the experience and the narration and their importance to human life. Although he assumes its ending and decay, he also brings hope wires showing us rescue possibilities on both the experience and narration. The last part of this investigation, the third chapter,we work on Benjamin’s childhood. The Berliner philosopher reveals through toys, games and children's books who the child really is. According to Benjamin, the child is a being with its own characteristics, able to respond to challenges that are posed by society. In spite of the toy is considered a cultural convention from the adult to child, the kid doesn’t feel like a prisoner of a toy, but uses it in a free way, which means that the kid is the subject on the moment of the recreation. Benjamin, through his study of the child, questions the philosophical thinking that is attached to a system which puts the rational as the only possibility of knowledge. According to the author, the imaginative, creative and sensitive capacity of the child also produces knowledge.
A presente dissertação tem como objetivo o estudo: Reflexões sobre a racionalidade moderna, sobre a experiência-rememoração e sobre a infância em Walter Benjamin. Sua crítica contundente ao pensar racionalista, à maneira que sua época, século XX acolhia e tratava a criança, e se contrapondo a esse pensar apresenta a criança como o sujeito da infância. Para que esta pesquisa se realizasse investigamos principalmente as seguintes obras do autor: Reflexões sobre a criança, o brinquedo e a educação (1932), Magia e técnica, arte política (1930) e Rua de mão única (1931). O trabalho foi dividido em três capítulos, sendo que no primeiro situamos o autor no contexto da Escola de Frankfurt, no segundo capítulo trabalhamos os textos: Experiência e pobreza e O narrador: considerações sobre a obra de Nikolai Leskov, em que o autor critica a maneira exagerada de se usar a técnica e valoriza a experiência e a narração, sua importância para a vida humana, nos fala também do seu fim, de sua decadência, mas nos traz fios de esperança nos mostrando possibilidades de resgate tanto da experiência como da narração, na última parte desta investigação, no terceiro capítulo, trabalhamos a criança em Benjamin. O filósofo berlinense nos revela através dos brinquedos, brincadeiras, jogos e livros infantis quem é a criança. Para ele a criança é um ser com características próprias, capaz de responder aos desafios que lhe são postos pela sociedade. Mesmo sendo o brinquedo uma convenção cultural do adulto para a criança, esta não se prende a ele, mas o usa em suas brincadeiras como lhe convém, ou seja, ela é o sujeito da brincadeira. Benjamin através do exemplo da criança questiona o pensar filosófico que se prende a um sistema que coloca o racional como única possibilidade de conhecer; pois para o estudioso a capacidade imaginativa, criativa e sensível da criança também produz conhecimento.
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Pechenet, Matthieu. "Le Témoin critique : considérations sur l’actualité du film et de l’histoire, d’après Walter Benjamin." Thesis, Lille 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL3H030.
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Ce travail propose de considérer certains cinéastes comme des « témoins critiques ». Il s’agira de définir la désignation « témoin critique » à partir des réflexions de Walter Benjamin sur le cinéma et l’histoire. Le philosophe a mis en évidence la nécessaire politisation de ces deux domaines. Mais cette politisation semble doublement orientée. D’un côté, Benjamin promeut une historiographie critique consistant à actualiser le passé. Ce qu’il nomme « image dialectique » est le produit de la rencontre entre un « Autrefois » et un « Maintenant ». Ce travail de montage vise à provoquer un choc conduisant à la transformation du présent. D’un autre côté, la « politisation de l’art » semble moins concernée par cette idée d’articulation des temps de l’histoire. Benjamin considère moins la fonction historienne du film que son rôle historique d’agent de la révolution. Par les moyens du film, le cinéaste ausculte le réel, le révèle sous un jour nouveau et peut participer à l’éveil des consciences. Le témoin critique, qui désigne dans la perspective de cette étude le ou la cinéaste dont la démarche recoupe les impératifs benjaminiens, se situe au croisement de ces deux formes de politisation. Dans cette optique, l’analyse portera sur quelques œuvres de Peter Watkins, Agnès Varda, Chris Marker, Chantal Akerman et Claire Angelini. En recueillant par les moyens du film la parole des témoins, ces essayistes articulent les temporalités pour mieux viser leur actualité, signalant la permanence de la barbarieThis work is focused on some filmmakers considered as “Critical Witnesses”. I will define the designation “Critical Witness” from Walter Benjamin’s writings about history and cinema. The philosopher has highlighted the necessity to politicize these two domains. But two approaches seem to characterize the idea of politicizing both history and art. On the one hand, Benjamin defends a critical historiography which actualizes the past: what he names the “dialectical image” represents the encounter of “what-has-been” and “now”. Such a practice can be assimilated with the operation of montage, which in Benjamin’s thoughts is meant to provoke a shock in order to change the present time. On the other hand, the politicizing of art is quite different. To a large extent, Benjamin considers cinema’s ability to serve revolution in another way: using the means of film, the filmmaker should investigate and reveal new aspects of reality: his or her goal is to raise awareness. The Critical Witness refers to the filmmaker whose approach corresponds to Benjaminian imperatives, at the junction of these two approaches of politicization. From this perspective, the analysis will focus on a few works from Peter Watkins, Agnès Varda, Chris Marker, Chantal Akerman and Claire Angelini. Using the means of film, these essayists collect testimonies, connect past to present, bringing barbarism and its continuity to the spectator’s consciousness
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Burns, Brian. "Hybridization of the Self, Colonial Discourse and the Deconstruction of Value Systems : A Postcolonial Literary Theory Perspective of Literature inculpating Colonialism." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för humaniora, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-35112.
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The aim of this essay is to provide a perspective on literature inculpating colonialism using postcolonial literary theory and method. The subject material incorporates four novels studied during the literature modules for the English course at Högskolan Gävle (HIG). The four novels combine to highlight various issues that affect the Self-identity through hybridization and colonial discourse as well as the detrimental nature of the colonial project for indigenous value systems during the period of colonialism. There is also application of theories and concepts raised in academic literature from within and outside the curriculum of HIG. The use of the postcolonial literary methodology provides a critical perspective of the aforementioned literature while implementing theories associated with that movement such as hybridity and the redefining of borders as well as focusing on the social, cultural, political and religious impact of the coloniser’s activities in the colonies as raised in the novels. The most significant findings of this essay include the roles of isolation and disconnection within the colonial project and the subsequential effects on the colonised and their descendants. There are findings and observations of the level of strategic application of universalistic colonial discourse and the intrinsic application of the language used in the objectification of the indigenous and the subjugation of their value systems. The role of perception is also highlighted including findings on the social implications for the colonies inhabitants, both dissident and conformist, raised within the chosen literature and this essay. The essay also examines the application of various strands of literary theory incorporated within postcolonialism including poststructuralism and psychoanalytic criticism as well as anthropology material. The conclusion of this essay culminates with the conflicting interpretations of progress as a universalism that counters the theories of postcolonialists and poststructuralists and their subsequent refusal to succumb to literature’s prevalence. The subjectivity of the postcolonial literary theorist and the self-imposed parameters restrict the interpretation of the colonial and postcolonial literature. The aforementioned progress defined by improved standards of health, education and social justice is lacking in presence in both the postcolonial literature and the accompanying literary theory counterpart. Subsequently, the disconnected voice of isolation and the split/double identity take precedence over higher standards of living and the appreciation of access to improved human rights and social justice within postcolonial society.
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Chandler, Jahaan. "Social Theory and the Occupy Movement: An Exploration into the Relationship between Social Thought and Political Practice." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2014. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1849.
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In the 21st century, this planet has experienced an explosion of social movements and protests. From the Arab Spring to the Occupy Movement, global protests had become such a prominent feature of the first decade of the new millennium that Time Magazine named the protester as its person of the year in 2011. This project examines the relationship between social theory and political practice in an attempt to gain further insight into contemporary social movements. In particular, it examines the theoretical assumptions underlying the Occupy Movement in the United States and compares these assumptions with 19th century individual and collective anarchist theories, as well as with contemporary theories that have taken the postmodern turn.
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Walbrou, Sonny. "Pour une histoire critique au prisme des rapports du corps à la machine, entre le cinéma, jeu vidéo et culture spectaculaire fin-de-siècle : continuité critique, innervation, attraction." Thesis, Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL3H037.
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Entre hier et aujourd’hui, entre la culture spectaculaire de la fin du XIXe siècle, le cinéma et la pratique des jeux vidéo, cette thèse explore les enjeux critiques d’une pensée des rapports du corps à la machine au prisme de la notion benjaminienne d’innervation. A partir d’une notion historiographique élaborée au sein de la thèse, celle de « continuité critique » qui consiste à déterminer des phénomènes de permanence à travers l’histoire, notre travail vise à définir une critique opératoire des nouveaux médias. Depuis les notions d’innervation et de continuité critique, nous étudions dans une perspective historique et théorique deux « états du corps » déterminant des points de résonance manifestes entre passé et présent. L’un se situe au tournant du siècle, l’autre au cours des années 1980. Le premier concerne le devenir-attraction des machines autour de 1900. Dans le prolongement de Tom Gunning nous pensons une telle attraction dans les termes d’un corps à corps entre le spectateur et la machine. À travers la culture visuelle et spectaculaire fin-de-siècle, nous identifions un motif récurrent : le voyage immobile. Nous étudions alors l’actualité critique d’un tel motif jusqu’à nos jours comme quelque chose qui, en dépit des innovations techniques, n’a pas changé. Le second état s’intéresse cette fois-ci aux transformations qui concernent les rapports du corps à l’écran dans la pratique du jeu vidéo. Il s’agit d’étudier cette fois-ci un ensemble de représentations qui apparaissent entre le début des années 1980 et le milieu des années 1990 et attestant la récurrence d’un autre motif : l’écran traversé. L’étude de ces deux motifs nous permet, par le biais de l’histoire, de formuler une critique des nouveaux médias sur le terrain-même de la nouveautéBetween past and present, between the turn-of-the-century spectacular culture, cinema and video games, our thesis explores the critical aspects of body-machine relationships understandings regarding Walter Benjamin’s concept of innervation. From a historiographical concept formulated within this work, i. e. “critical continuity” which consists in crafting permanencies though history, our purpose is to delineate an operating critic of the new media. From the concepts of innervation and critical continuity, we explore two defining “state of body” to draw resonances between past and present. One takes place at the turn of the century while the other takes place during the 1980’s. The former concerns the becoming-attraction of the machines circa 1900. Extending Tom Gunning’s concept, we understand such an attraction as a corporeal relationship between the spectator’s body and the machine. Through 1900’s visual and spectacular culture, we examine a recurring topos: the immobile voyage. We find and explore the critical topicality of such a topos up to present day as something that has never changed despite technical innovations. The latter state explores the transformations regarding the body-screen relationships in video game practice. We study a collection of representations appearing between the early 1980’s up to the middle of the 1990’s featuring another recurring topos: the screen crossed whether by the game’s universe whether by the player. These two topoi help us to conceive a critic of the new media on the very basis of novelty
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Lama, Fernando Araujo Del. "Diagnóstico de época e declínio da experiência em Walter Benjamin: uma abordagem dos escritos da década de 30." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8133/tde-23062017-140236/.
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Esta dissertação examina, a partir de escritos-chave para os desenvolvimentos filosóficos de Walter Benjamin na década de 30, a relação entre as noções de diagnóstico de época e declínio da experiência (Verfall der Erfahrung). Assumindo a centralidade da temática das transformações na experiência para o diagnóstico benjaminiano, devidamente justificada nos capítulos introdutórios do trabalho, a argumentação é construída com base (i) na reconstituição da gênese e das guinadas conceituais operadas na concepção de experiência (Erfahrung), de seu idealismo de juventude à sua interdependência em relação à concepção de vivência (Erlebnis) que caracteriza a filosofia tardia de Benjamin. Em seguida, de modo a preencher quaisquer eventuais lacunas, (ii) a atenção passa a ser dirigida a conceitos afins aos de experiência e vivência, bem como ao modo como eles articulam, juntos, o prisma teórico segundo o qual Benjamin leu sua própria época. Por fim, (iii) considerando o núcleo duro do projeto das Passagens e o livro planejado sobre Baudelaire a saber, Charles Baudelaire, um lírico no auge do capitalismo , pretende-se esboçar os contornos de alguns dos elementos materiais mais centrais de seu diagnóstico, de modo a permitir a compreensão de como os conceitos mobilizados nos capítulos anteriores o norteiam e auxiliam na sua iluminação.This work examines the relationship between the notions of diagnosis of the times and decline of experience (Verfall der Erfahrung) from essential writings to the philosophical developments made by Walter Benjamin in the 1930s. Assuming the central role of the theme of transformations on experience to Benjamins diagnosis, duly justified in the introductory chapters, the argumentation is built on (i) the reconstitution of the genesis and the conceptual twists operated in the conception of experience (Erfahrung), from its early idealism to its interdependency concerning the conception of lived experience (Erlebnis) that characterizes Benjamin`s later writings. Then, in order to fill any possible gaps, (ii) the attention is turned to concepts related to those of experience and lived experience, as well as to how they articulate together the theoretical prism according to which Benjamin read his own time. Finally, (iii) considering the hard core of The Arcades Project and the planned book on Baudelaire namely, Charles Baudelaire: a Lyric Poet in the Era of High Capitalism , it is intended to sketch the outlines of some of the most important material elements of Benjamin`s diagnosis, in order to allow an understanding of how the concepts mobilized in the previous chapters guide it and help in its illumination.
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Cöllen, Sebastian. "Den auratiska artefakten : Begränsningar och möjligheter i den digitala reproduktionen av kulturarv." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för ABM, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-413839.
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The digital copy is rapidly becoming the dominant form in which researchers encounter cultural heritage. In this situation, the relation between the original and the digital reproduction has become a crucial, yet too little discussed problem. This thesis investigates this relation through two questions: (1) Which is the ontological status of the reproduction in relation to the original, and (2) How is the original mediated to its digital format? Question (1) is answered in dialogue with previous research: The reproduction is a new artefact, but with a relation (of similiarity) to the original. It is the understanding of this relation that the remaining part of the thesis tries to deepen and around which the second question revolves. This more empirical question (2)is examined through a comparative analysis of a physical original—the 17th century album amicorum of Gottfried Schröer—and its digitisation in the platform Alvin.The informative dimensions “context”, “materiality”, “textbased information”, and the category “aura” are investigated in the original and in the digital reproduction. For this purpose, Walter Benjamin’s concept “aura” is critically discussed and redefined as an analytical concept, and the research question is rephrased in terms of (a) which qualities are transfered, (b) not transfered, and (c) if/how they are transformed during the transfer to the digital format. It is also asked which consequences this might have for the artefact as a source of information. The analysis is positioned in a materiality discourse, adopting perspectives from, i.a., Actor-Network Theory and Material Philology. In this context, a widened concept of materiality is also developed, allowing the inclusion of the “virtual”. The thesis identifies aspects in which the reproduction differs from the original, depending, among other things, on its own materiality. This strengthens the call for users’ information competency when interacting with digital reproductions. This is a two years masters's thesis in library and information science.
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Negus, Andra Stefania. "Occupy Wall Street in alternative and mainstream media : A comparative analysis of the social movement’s framing in the media." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Medier och kommunikation, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-184795.
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The thesis provides an analysis of the different ways the Occupy Wall Street was presented by OccupyWallSt.org ( the movement’s own media source), and The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal and USA Today from July 2011 up to the end of June 2012. This was done by using Entman’ theory of media framing together with Castells’ network theory of power. The former provided a way of addressing the different types of frames that mainstream media utilize, while the latter offered an understanding of how power is built through the media processes. Additionally, Castells’ theory described another type of media frame which is mostly used by alternative media, the counter frame, which could successfully be applied to study the content that the social movement decided to provide about itself.The study first employs a quantitative approach by using Crawdad, a centering resonance analysis (CRA) software. This provides a reliable pool of data that was then analyzed by using the above theories. Additionally, in order to check the reliability of the qualitative conclusions, a statistical test was done for the overall top centers resulting from the CRA.
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Blasingame, Dionne. "The Trauma of Chattel Slavery: A Womanist Perspective Women on Georgia in Early American Times." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/english_theses/138.
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This thesis explores the psycho-socio-cultural dynamics that surrounded black womanhood in antebellumGeorgia. The goal is twofold: first, to examine how slave narratives, testimonies, and interviews depicted the plight of enslaved black women through a womanist lens and second, to discover what political and socio-cultural constructions enabled the severe slave institution that was endemic toGeorgia. Womanist theory, psychoanalytic theory, and trauma theory are addressed in this study to focus on antebellum or pre-Civil WarGeorgia.
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Hanna, Bronwyn Planning UNSW. "Absence and presence: a historiography of early women architects in New South Wales." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Planning, 2000. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/18217.
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Women architects are effectively absent from architectural history in Australia. Consulting first the archival record, this thesis establishes the presence of 230 women architects qualified and/or practising in NSW between 1900 and 1960. It then analyses some of these early women architects' achievements and difficulties in the profession, drawing on interviews with 70 practitioners or their friends and family. Finally it offers brief biographical accounts of eight leading early women architects, arguing that their achievements deserve more widespread historical attention in an adjusted canon of architectural merit. There are also 152 illustrations evidencing their design contributions. Thus the research draws on quantitative, qualitative, biographical and visual modes of representation in establishing a historical presence for these early women architects. The thesis forms part of the widespread political project of feminist historical recovery of women forebears, while also interrogating the ends and means of such historiography. The various threads describing women's absence and presence in the architectural profession are woven together throughout the thesis using three feminist approaches which sometimes harmonise and sometimes debate with each other. Described as "liberal feminism", "socialist feminism" and "postmodern feminism", they each put into play distinct patterns of questioning, method and interpretation, but all analyse historiography as a strategy for understanding society and effecting social change.
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Bower, Matthew S. "Catastrophe in Permanence: Benjamin's Natural History of Environmental Crisis." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc984263/.
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Walter Benjamin warned in 1940 of a certain inconspicuous threat to political thinking, not least of all to materialism, that takes progress as an historical norm. Implicit in this conception is what he describes as an empty continuum of time along which the prevailing tradition chronicles its own mythic development and drains everyday life of genuine historical experience. The myth of progressive history advances insidiously today in consumeristic and technocratic attempts at reconciling cultural imagery with organic nature. In this dissertation, I pursue the contradictions of such images as they crystallize around the natural history of twenty-first century commodity society, where promises of ecological remediation, sustainable urban development, and climate change mitigation have yet to introduce a true crisis of historical experience to the ongoing environmental crisis of capitalism. A more radical way of seeing the cultural representation of nature would, I argue, penetrate its mythic determination by market forces and bear witness to the natural-historical ruins and traces that constitute, in Benjamin's terms, a single "catastrophe" where others perceive historical continuity. I argue that Benjamin's critique of progress is instructive to interpreting those utopian dreams, ablaze in consumer life and technological fantasy, that recent decades of growing environmental concern have channeled into the recovery of an experience of the natural world. His dialectics of nature and alienated history confront the wish-image of organic abundance with the transience of its appropriated expression in the commodity-form. Drawing together this confrontation with a varied literature on collective memory, nature, and the city, I suggest that our poverty of experience is more than simply a technical, economic, or even ecological problem, but rather follows from the commodification of history itself. The goal of this work is to reflect upon the potentiality of communal politics that subsist not in rushing headlong into a progressive future but, as Benjamin urges, in reaching for the emergency brake on the runaway train of progress.
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Barbagallo, Mathias. "Statistical energy analysis and variational principles for the prediction of sound transmission in multilayered structures." Doctoral thesis, KTH, MWL Marcus Wallenberg Laboratoriet, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-118427.
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Multilayered structures have many application in industry and society: they have peculiar properties and serve a variety of purposes, like structural support, thermal insulation, vibrational and acoustic isolation. This thesis concerns the prediction of sound transmission in multilayered structures. Two problems are herein investigated: the transmission of energy through structures and the transmission of energy along structures. The focus of the analysis is on the mid to high frequency range. To predict sound transmission in these structures, statistical energy analysis (SEA) is used.SEA models are devised for the prediction of the sound reduction index for two kinds of multilayered structures, double-walls used in buildings and trim-panels in vehicles; the double-walls comprise an air cavity in between flat plasterboard or glass plates, whereas the trim-panels a porous layer in between curved aluminium and rubber layers. The SEA models are based upon the wave-types carrying energy. The novelty in these SEAs is an element describing the waves in the air cavity, or in the porous layer, fully coupled to the mass-impeded external layers. Compared to measurements, the proposed SEA performs well: for double-walls, it performs better than previous models; for trim-panels, it is an original result. The parameters of the new SEA element, such as modal density, are derived from the coupling equations describing the fully coupled waves. For double-walls, these equations are derived via Newton's laws. For trim-panels, a variational approach based upon a modified Hamilton's principle valid for non-conservative systems is preferred, because it is a powerful machinery for deriving equations of motion and coupling conditions of a medium as complex as the porous layer. The modified Hamilton's principle for non-conservative systems is based upon a self-adjoint functional analogous to the Lagrangian, inspired by Morse and Feshbach's construction. A self-adjoint variational principle for Biot's equations in the displacement formulation is devised. An equivalent mixed formulation is obtained changing the coordinates of the displacement formulation via Lagrange multipliers. From this mixed formulation, the Lagrangian for a porous material with a limp frame is derived, which yields the continuity of the total displacement of the porous layer. Lagrange multipliers help to obtain the correct coupling functionals between a porous material and a solid. The Lagrange multipliers introducing the continuity of the frame and the solid displacements equal the traction of the in-vacuo frame, thus disappearing if the latter is limp. Measurements to gather material parameters for a Biot model of the porous layer have been conducted.The effects of spatial energy decay in the transmission along structures predicted by SEA is studied: a major effect is the increased relevance of indirect coupling loss factors between SEA elements. This may jeopardize the usefulness of SEA at higher frequencies.QC 20130218
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Karoula, Ourania. "Thorn in the body politic : a transatlantic dialogue on the aesthetics of commitment within modernist political theatre." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5684.
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This thesis investigates the transatlantic manifestation of the debate regarding the aesthetics of commitment in the modernist literary and theatrical tradition. Within the debate theatre occupies a privileged position since (because of its two-fold roles both as theory and performance) it allows a critique both of performative conventions and methods and also a dialectical consideration of the audience’s socio-political consciousness. The debate, often referred to as form versus content – schematically re-written as ‘autonomy’ versus ‘commitment’ – and its transatlantic evaluation are central to modernist aesthetics, as they bring into question the established modes of perceiving and discussing the issue. A parallel close reading will reveal the closely related development of the European and the American traditions and evaluate their critical strengths and shortcomings. The first part of the thesis discusses the positions of Georg Lukács and Bertolt Brecht, Theodor Adorno and Walter Benjamin in tandem with those of the New York Intellectuals, especially as expressed in the latters’ writings in the Partisan Review. The second part extends this transatlantic dialogue through a consideration of the theatrical works of the New York Living Newspaper unit of the Federal Theatre Project (FTP) in the USA and Bertolt Brecht’s vision of and relationship with ‘Americana’ as revealed through such plays as In the Jungle of Cities, Man Equals Man, St Joan of the Stockyards and the 1947 version of Galileo. The Federal Theatre and Brecht’s respective dramaturgies demonstrate differences in the articulation and application of the aesthetics of commitment and politics of engagement. A close reading of four plays by the Living Newspaper unit will not only reveal the influence of the Russian Blue Blouse groups and Meyerhold’s theatrical experimentations, but also how the unit’s playwrights and administration attempted to re-write this aesthetic. Hallie Flanagan (the director of FTP), recognising the limitations of Broadway and having sensed the audience’s need for a new kind of theatre, realised early on the importance of ‘translating’ the European aesthetics of commitment to conform with the American New Deal discourse. Brecht’s plays manifest not only the differences with respect to the European aesthetics of commitment, but also its highly complicated development. His American experiences revealed that the failings of the FTP’s attempt to establish a viable national theatre with a social agenda prohibited a more powerfully theatrical connection (theoretical and performative) between the two traditions. Both the European and the American modernist aesthetics are informed by Marxist cultural and literary theory, particularly by the writings centred on the political efficacy of a work of art with respect to its reception and its modes of production. The politico-aesthetic encounter of the Marxist tradition of engagement with a commitment to aesthetic formalism (often associated with the autonomy position) led to a confrontational and polemical rather than dialectical argumentation. However, this thesis maintains that the arguments were not simply articulated by theorists at opposing ends of the political spectrum. At the same time, Brecht and the Federal Theatre Project’s interest in the advancements of the European avant-garde and fascination with the notion of ‘Americana’ demonstrate the necessity to examine the issue of commitment in a more dialectical manner. While their notion of the aesthetics of commitment differed, this thesis argues for the necessity, not only of revisiting some of the fundamental premises regarding the role and function of this aesthetics in modernist political theatre, but also of reading the two traditions in conjunction.
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Baker, Kevin T. "Red Helmsman: Cybernetics, Economics, and Philosophy in the German Democratic Republic." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/history_theses/47.
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Cybernetics, despite being initially rejected in the Eastern Bloc throughout the 1950s for ideological reasons, rose to a high level of institutional prominence in the 1960s, profoundly influencing state philosophy and economic planning. This thesis is an examination of this transition, charting the development of cybernetics from the object of the Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands’s (SED) opprobrium to one of the major philosophical currents within the party intelligentsia.
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Just, Paul J. III. "A State of the Art Review of Special Plate Shear Walls." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1459155417.
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Vaduret, Jean-François. "GPPZ and the Holographic Triforce against Scalars." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teoretisk fysik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-397107.
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We use gauge-invariant cosmological perturbation theory to compute one-point functions of active and inert scalar fields of the GPPZ RG-flow in AdS5. Linearized Einstein equations are computed and made gauge-invariant for D-dimensional Euclidean domain-wall geometry. We briefly review the procedure of holographic renormalization for the GPPZ RG-flow in AdS5 to get different one-point functions. The source-dependant vev of the operator dual to the ∆ = 3 active scalar field in the GPPZ solution is computed and agrees with literature. We also find the source-dependant one-point function of the operator dual to the ∆ = 3 inert scalar.
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Nguyen, Catthuan L. "A Joint Reading of the Color Purple and the Awakening: From Feminism to Womanism and the Significance of Authentic Feminine Space." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/english_theses/87.
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Alice Walker’s The Color Purple and Kate Chopin’s The Awakening fundamentally share the universal feminist yearning for personal freedom and independence within an oppressive, patriarchal society. With regards to the texts’ stylistic differences and disparate social contexts, their heroines seek to ideologically oppose social rules and conventions for women without achieving the same results. This difference lies in the fact that Chopin’s text fosters the traditional feminism embraced by the majority culture, while Walker’s text makes use of womanism. The availability and authenticity of feminine space for the generation of women’s culture also determine the extent of changes achieved.
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Niro, Pierluigi. "Strong coupling in 2+1 dimensions from dualities, holography, and large N." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/327659.
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The goal of the original research presented in this thesis is to study the strong coupling regime of Quantum Field Theories (QFTs) with different methods, making concrete predictions about the phase structure and the dynamics of these theories, and on their observables. The focus is on (gauge) field theories in three spacetime dimensions, which are an interesting laboratory to understand the properties of strong coupling in setups that are usually simpler than in the more familiar case of gauge theories in four dimensions. Importantly, topological effects play a relevant role in three dimensions, thanks to the presence of the so-called Chern-Simons term.The thesis contains a short introduction to QFTs in 3d, principles and applications of infrared dualities, large N techniques, and holography. Indeed, the web of infrared dualities, the large N expansion, and the holographic correspondence between QFT and gravity are the main tools which we use to investigate the strongly coupled regimes of 3d QFTs.Then, the original material is presented. In a first line of research, we focus on the study of the phase diagram of a 3d gauge theory making use of conjectured infrared dualities, extending such dualities to the case where more than one mass parameter can be dialed. In a second line of research, we study a class of 3d gauge theories by engineering their gravity dual in a string theory setup. We prove the existence of multiple phase transitions between phases characterized by both massless particles and topological sectors. In a third line of research, we use holography as a tool to explore the interplay between the physics of 4d QCD and 3d gauge theories. In particular, we analyze the properties of 3d domain walls, which appear as soliton-like solutions of 4d QCD in specific parametric regimes. Finally, we propose a boundary construction of 3d large N vector models, which appear as critical points of theories obtained by coupling degrees of freedom localized on a 3d boundary to a 4d bulk theory. This construction allows to prove new dualities and uncovers a new computational tool for 3d vector models.Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Solomon, Dana. "Women's Access to School Superintendency Roles." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1609165/.
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Men continue to outnumber women in public school superintendent roles by a 4:1 ratio. However, women outnumber men by a 4:1 ratio in teaching roles in public school districts. In addition, more women than men hold superintendent certificates and educational doctorates. Due to this puzzling discrepancy, it is important to understand possible factors in the form of gendered barriers to access that could lead to the unequal representation of women in superintendent positions. In this study, I examined how these barriers manifested in the experiences of female superintendents participating in the study, how they influenced the hiring experiences of these participants, and how they impacted these female leaders throughout their careers. With this study, I investigated barriers associated with holding mechanisms, gendered norms, and gendered filters that may limit women's access to superintendent roles. Women's experiences of the origins and effects of gender normative perceptions and hiring practices have potential for contributing to the study of gender equity in the field of education and beyond. Findings could provide implications for increasing women's opportunities to serve beyond central office positions in public school districts. Possibilities exist for identifying practices in organizations that have hired women to serve at the highest level of school district leadership; that of the superintendent of schools.