To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Walls and columns.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Walls and columns'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Walls and columns.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Chung, Yueh-minne. "Columns and walls : the interplay between structure and space." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65201.
Full text
2
Harris, Amodeo Karen Ann. "A House on Saint Croix." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40817.
Full textAbstract:
There is an undefinable order in the universe. In our solar system, nine planets revolve around one sun. The earths’ orbit around the sun takes 365 days. The moons’ orbit about the earth take 30 days. The earths’ revolution about its own axis takes 24 hours. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. This is how man begins to define his portion of the universe, to distinguish limits. There is much more to explore, learn and explain. As humans we subconsciously desire a harmony and balance around us. Order. It is a physical, tangible presence that we can see, label and understand, which is evident throughout the human existence. We have a need to define, regulate and establish rules, to create order. Order permeates our lives on a daily basis.
This thesis seeks to give order to a structure, a House. It is the study of grids, columns and walls in relation to the structure that it supports. A sixteen square grid is a constant of this project. It is the controlling element that gives rise to the placement of the walls and columns. Walls and columns are placed with in the house according to an order that is defined by the grid. Materials are also used to distinguish boundaries of the grid establishing its influence throughout the house.<br>Master of Architecture
3
Lau, J. C. K. "The strength of masonry walls and columns of geometric cross section subjected to axial load and bending." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.705159.
Full text
4
Vora, Hitesh Yu Cheng. "Shear wall tests and finite element analysis of cold-formed steel structural members." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2008. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-9726.
Full text
5
Mati, Shepherd A. "Brick walls or brick columns? : management responses to the challenge of sustainability in community radio with special reference to Bush Radio and Radio Zibonele." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52153.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MPhil) -- University of Stellenbosch, 2001.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Community radio stations in South Africa are faced with a huge challenge to become
sustainable in the process of serving their communities. The issue of sustainability itself
is complex and shaped by a range of conditionalities. These include community
participation, funding, regulatory and licencing factors, staff and management expertise,
and the strategic planning and management capacity of a station. Often the communities
themselves are materially poor and unable to contribute in monetary terms to the radio
station. However, these same communities are also a source of wealth when it comes to
experience, ideas, human power and time. A major challenge is for station management
to develop organisational strategies that facilitate full utilisation of this community
resource in the process of sustaining their stations.
The focus of this study is on two stations in the Western Cape - Bush Radio and Radio
Zibonele - and how their management is responding to the challenge of sustainability.
Bush Radio has evolved a diversification strategy based on providing formal training
and development as an income-generator, and Radio Zibonele has responded through a
strategy of selling airtime to advertisers. This work describes these sustainability
strategies and explores whether they constitute 'building a brick column or a brick wall'.
The conclusion suggests that while both radio stations demonstrate varying degrees of
community participation, clear internal systems of monitoring and control of resources,
they differ in some fundamental respects of strategy. Bush Radio, on the one hand,
shows a clear commitment to consciously diversifying income sources in a way that
does not leave the station highly dependent on any single source. This, the writer
submits, constitutes an attempt at building a "brick wall". Radio Zibonele, on the other
hand, shows a clear commitment to consolidation and reliance on advertising revenue
as a single source of income for the station. To the extent that this station relies on a
single source of income and does not demonstrate any strategic objective of diversifying
sources, the writer submits, it is building a "brick column".
The basic assumption of this study is that while the challenge of sustainability constitutes
an objective reality facing community radio stations in South Africa today, the subjective
responses developed by station management to deal with this challenge can and often
do make a difference.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Gemeenskapsradiostasies in Suid-Afrika staan voor 'n groot uitdaging om volhoubaar te
ontwikkel. Volhoubaarheid as sulks is kompleks en word deur 'n verskeidenheid faktore
beinvloed. Dit sluit in gemeenskapsdeelname, befondsing, regulerings- en
lisensierinqsfaktore, personeel- en bestuursvernuf en die strategiese beplanning en
bestuurskapasiteit van die stasie. Meestal is die gemeenskappe self arm en nie daartoe
in staat om in rnonetere terme 'n bydrae tot die stasie te lewer nie. Dieselfde
gemeenskappe is egter ook 'n bron van rykdom in terme van ondervinding, idees,
mannekrag en tyd. Een van 'n stasiebestuur se grootste uitdagings is om
organisatoriese strateqiee te ontwikkel wat die volle gebruik van die
gemeenskapshulpbron sal fasiliteer in die proses om hul stasies volhoubaar te
ontwikkel.
Die fokus van die studie val op twee stasies in die Wes-Kaap - Bush Radio en Radio
Zibonele - en hoe hul bestuur op die uitdaging van volhoubare ontwikkeling reageer.
Bush Radio het 'n diversifiseringstrategie ontwikkel wat op formele onderig en
ontwikkeling as 'n inkomstegenereerder gebaseer is. Radio Zibonele, daarenteen,
konsentreer op adverteerders. Die werk beskryf die volhoubaarheidstrategiee elk van die
radiostasies. Die gevolgtrekking word gemaak dat albei radiostasies wei verskillende
grade van gemeenskapsbetrokkenheid, duidelike interne monitorsisteme en beheer van
hulpbronne het. Tog verskil hulle ten opsigte van sekere fundamentele strategiee. Aan
die een kant het Bush Radio 'n duidelike verbintenis tot 'n bewustelike diversifisering van
inkomste op so 'n manier dat die stasie nie afhanklik is van een bron van inkomste nie.
Die skrywer vergelyk dit met die bou van 'n "baksteenmuur". Radio Zibonele, aan die
ander kant, is verbind tot advertensies as die enigste bron van inkomste. Aangesien die
stasie op 'n enkele bron van inkomste vertrou en nie enige strategiese doelwitle vir die
diversifisering van hulpbronne het nie, vergelyk die skrywer dit met die bou van 'n
"baksteenpilaar" .
Die basiese veronderstelling van die studie is dat die reaksie van die stasiebestuur In
deurslaggerwende verskil kan maak om die uitdaging van volhoubare ontwikkeling Suid-
Afrikaanse radiostasies die hoof te bied.
6
Simões, Yagho de Souza. "Análise numérica de pilares de aço isolados e inseridos em paredes em situação de incêndio." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-26042018-102934/.
Full textAbstract:
Em um incêndio, pilares de aço inseridos em paredes apresentam uma resposta termoestrutural diferente daqueles isolados, de modo que a compartimentação oferece um aumento de sua resistência ao fogo. Poucos estudos foram desenvolvidos até o presente momento para avaliar o desempenho de pilares em contato com paredes, sendo que aqueles já realizados apresentaram respostas que ainda deixam dúvidas sobre esses elementos. Diante disso, este trabalho propõe analisar, em contexto numérico, o comportamento de pilares de aço isolados e inseridos em paredes sujeitos à ação térmica, a partir do uso do código computacional ABAQUS versão 6.14. A modelagem termoestrutural, considerando a parede somente como elemento de compartimentação, promoveu resultados pouco consistentes, o que leva a concluir que a alvenaria influencia na resposta estrutural de pilares em situação de incêndio. Por essa razão, ao inserir molas que controlam o deslocamento axial das paredes na modelagem numérica, os resultados alcançados passaram a ser mais representativos. Análises complementares a respeito da influência do fator de carga e do nível de rigidez axial e rotacional na resistência ao fogo dos pilares também foram realizadas. Para todos os modelos, constatou-se a influência negativa do fator de carga quando aumentado. Quanto à restrição axial, foi verificado que sua presença possui maior influência na resistência ao fogo em comparação com sua intensidade, uma vez que a elevação desse parâmetro não afetou o tempo crítico dos pilares, para a maior parte dos casos analisados. Em relação à rigidez rotacional, ela se mostrou favorável para a resistência ao fogo. Além do mais, a pesquisa contou com uma avaliação do método simplificado da ABNT NBR 14323:2013 para cálculo da evolução da temperatura em perfis de aço. Concluiu-se que ele apresenta melhores resultados para os pilares com aquecimento uniforme na seção transversal. Por essa razão, foi proposta uma nova metodologia de cálculo de temperatura para pilares em contato com paredes, validada por meio de testes numéricos.<br>In a fire situation, steel columns embedded on walls demonstrate a different thermo- structural response from those isolated, so that the subdivision offers an increase of its fire resistance. Few studies have been developed in order to evaluate the performance of columns in contact with walls, and those already performed showed results that still leave doubts about these elements. Therefore, this work proposes to analyze, in a numerical context, the behavior of isolated and embedded on walls steel columns in fire using the software ABAQUS 6.14 as a modeling tool. The thermo-structural modeling, considering the wall only as a compartmentation element, has presented poor results, which leads to the conclusion that the masonry has influence on the structural response of columns subjected to fire situation. For this reason, when inserting springs in order to control the axial displacement of the walls in numerical modeling, the obtained results were satisfactory. Further analyzes in respect of the load factor influence and the level of axial and rotational stiffness on the fire resistance of columns were also performed. For all the models, it was verified a negative influence of the load factor when increased. However, when it comes to the axial restriction, it was verified that its presence had more influence in the fire resistance of the structural element despite of its intensity, once the increase of this parameter did not affect the critical time of the columns, for most cases analyzed. In respect to rotational stiffness, it was proven favorable to the fire resistance. In addition, this research employed the simplified method presented in the ABNT NBR 14323: 2013 to calculate the temperature evolution in steel profiles. It was concluded that it presents good results only for the columns with uniform heating in the cross section. For this reason, a new methodology to calculate the temperature of columns in contact with wall was proposed, validated by numerical tests.
7
Mahasantipiya, Sedtha. "Analysis the behaviour of spread footing for highway bridge foundation." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1179259867.
Full text
8
Vora, Hitesh. "Shear Wall Tests and Finite Element Analysis of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9726/.
Full textAbstract:
The research was focused on the three major structural elements of a typical cold-formed steel building - shear wall, floor joist, and column. Part 1 of the thesis explored wider options in the steel sheet sheathing for shear walls. An experimental research was conducted on 0.030 in and 0.033 in. (2:1 and 4:1 aspect ratios) and 0.027 in. (2:1 aspect ratio) steel sheet shear walls and the results provided nominal shear strengths for the American Iron and Steel Institute Lateral Design Standard. Part 2 of this thesis optimized the web hole profile for a new generation C-joist, and the web crippling strength was analyzed by finite element analysis. The results indicated an average 43% increase of web crippling strength for the new C-joist compared to the normal C-joist without web hole. To improve the structural efficiency of a cold-formed steel column, a new generation sigma (NGS) shaped column section was developed in Part 3 of this thesis. The geometry of NGS was optimized by the elastic and inelastic analysis using finite strip and finite element analysis. The results showed an average increment in axial compression strength for a single NGS section over a C-section was 117% for a 2 ft. long section and 135% for an 8 ft. long section; and for a double NGS section over a C-section was 75% for a 2 ft. long section and 103% for an 8 ft. long section.
9
Skoupá, Karolina. "Polyfunkční dům v Brně." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265321.
Full textAbstract:
This diploma thesis deals with the supporting structure of the Multifunctional house in Brno. Elements are solved locally supported slab, columns, walls, patka.Statický calculation of internal forces was conducted in Scia Engineering.
10
Campos, Gabriela Mazureki. "Recomendações para o projeto de cálices de fundação." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-06042010-110440/.
Full textAbstract:
Essa pesquisa apresenta um estudo a respeito de cálices de fundação com colarinho. O trabalho foi elaborado a partir de uma análise crítica e síntese de resultados de estudos experimentais e numéricos desenvolvidos na Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos - Universidade de São Paulo (EESC-USP) sobre a ligação pilar-fundação por meio de cálice para estruturas de concreto pré-moldado. Esses estudos englobam uma tese de doutorado e três dissertações de mestrado, em que foram abordadas diversas situações de projeto dessa ligação. A partir dos resultados dessas pesquisas são elaboradas recomendações para o projeto do cálice com interface lisa e rugosa e da base do pilar pré-moldado. Incluem-se ainda avaliação da situação de montagem e disposições construtivas gerais a respeito da ligação por meio de cálice. Mediante aplicações, são avaliadas as recomendações de projeto e simulados casos reais de emprego da ligação pilar-fundação por meio de cálice. Com base nesse estudo, as principais conclusões incorporadas às recomendações foram em relação: a) a posição de aplicação da resultante de pressão superior na parede frontal; b) ao comportamento das paredes transversais; c) a força normal com pequena excentricidade; d) a determinação da espessura mínima da parede do colarinho e; e) adaptação do modelo de comportamento da base do pilar pré-moldado com o modelo do cálice. Ao final, são elaborados exemplos de dimensionamento da ligação cálice de fundação com interface lisa e rugosa e da base do pilar pré-moldado, além de um roteiro simplificado com recomendações de projeto desses elementos.<br>This research presents a study about the socket base with pedestal walls. The paper was drawn from a review and synthesis of results of experimental and numerical studies carried out at the Engineering School of São Carlos University of São Paulo (EESC-USP) about the socket base connection by pedestal walls in precast concrete structures. These studies include a Phd thesis and three MSc dissertations, which addressed several situations of design of that kinf of connection. From the results, recommendations are drawn for the design of socket with smooth and rough interface and precast column base. Included also evaluated at the erection situation and constructive provisions regarding socket base. With some applications are analyzed the design recommendations and simulated real cases of use of column-base connection by socket. Based on this study, the main conclusions that were incorporated into the recommendations were about: a) local of application of the top pression resultant; b) behavior of transversal walls; c) normal force with small eccentricity; d) determination of the thickness of pedestal wall and; e) adaptation of column base model with the socket model. Finally, examples are drawn about socket foundation design with smooth and rough interface and of the precast column base, beyond simplified script with recommendations for the design of these elements.
11
Triantafyllou, Constantinos. "The design optimisation and integration of dividing wall distillation columns." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357413.
Full text
12
Hrubjaková, Petra. "Architektonická studie sakrálního objektu a komunitního centra Salesiánského Brno - Líšeň / druhá etapa." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-443686.
Full textAbstract:
By entering the diploma thesis is to create an architectural study of the sacral object and the Salesian community center in Brno - Líšeň. The first mention of the creating church appeared in 1987 and because of this reason Salesians came to this city, they focus on working with children and youth, according to Don Bosca. Their method od education was reflected in the overall project concept. The building will be linked to the existing object of the Salesian Youth Center, but it will also serve for a wider circle of believers. The consecration of the church will be a third divine person - the Holy Spirit. The object will be on the Horníková ulica, on the parcels no. 5037/30,32. On the plot with parc. No.5037/32 is currently a building, that is the property of the Nadácia pre radosť, and it will by removed during construction. The proposal is based on urban analyzes performed and responds to the surrounding buildings. It also affects the conditions of the building plot and uses terrain sloping. The proposal consists of one object that includes a church with a capacity for 400 seat and 100-standing persons with chorus, sacristy, adoration chapel and technical and hygienic backgrounds. Furthermore, there is a educational/multifunction room, workshop and store of religious products, farther the parish part with the apartments, office for priests and underground garage. In addition to the building, there was created paved areas for pedestrian which responding to existing communications. Due to the removal of the parking lot in the northern part of the solved territory, the existing parking lot was extended on the south side and there was also created a new communication for cars, which connects the Northern Street Horníková with Western. In this communication, it is necessary to create a suitable road signage to prevent the supply of vehicles and it must not be used as an abbreviation in the traffic jam at the 2nd grade road communication.
13
Guo, XuHua. "EFFECTS OF COLUMN STIFFNESS ON SEISMIC BEHAVIOR OF STEEL PLATE SHEAR WALLS." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2011. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/639.
Full textAbstract:
Steel plate shear walls (SPSWs) are a lateral force resisting system consisting of thin infill steel plates surrounded by boundary frame members. The infill steel plates are allowed to buckle in shear and subsequently form diagonal tension field actions during earthquake events. Hysteretic energy dissipation of this system is primarily achieved through yielding of the infill plates. Conceptually, in a SPSW system with ideally rigid columns pinned to ground, the infill plates at different stories will yield simultaneously as a result of the lateral loads. However, when the columns become flexible, infill plate yielding may initially occur at one story and progressively spread into the other stories with increasing roof displacement.
This research investigates the effect of column stiffness on infill plate yielding sequence and distribution along the height of steel plate shear walls subjected to earthquake forces. Analytical models are derived and validated for two-story SPSWs. Based on the derived model, probabilistic simulations are conducted to calculate the probability of achieving infill plate yielding in both stories before occurrence of a premature failure caused by excessive inter story drift at the initially yielded story. A total of three simulation methods including the Monte-Carlo method, the Latin Hypercube sampling method, and the Rosenblueth’s 2K+1 point estimate method were considered to account for the uncertain infill plate thickness and lateral force distributions in the system.The investigation is also extended to multi-story SPSWs. Three example six-story SPSWs are evaluated using the Rosenblueth's 2K+1 point estimation method which is identified to be most efficient from the simulation on two-story SPSWs. Moreover, the effectiveness of the column minimum moment of inertia required in the current code for achieving infill plate yielding at every story of SPSWs is evaluated.
14
Hedman-Pétursson, Eva. "Column buckling with restraint from sandwich wall elements /." Luleå, 2001. http://epubl.luth.se/1402-1544/2001/27/index.html.
Full text
15
Amminudin, Kamarul A. "Design and optimisation of the dividing wall column." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683932.
Full text
16
Abdul, Mutalib M. I. "Operation and control of the dividing wall column." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.680162.
Full text
17
Bazargani, Poureya. "Seismic demands on gravity-load columns of reinforced concrete shear wall buildings." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/46651.
Full textAbstract:
In shear wall buildings, walls serve as the seismic force resisting system while the gravity-load system consists of columns that are primarily designed to carry the weight of the building through frame action and are not detailed for seismic ductility. Design codes require the gravity-load system to be checked for deformation compatibility as the building deforms laterally. The process of checking the columns for adequate deformability still requires more work.
In addition to flexural deformations, components such as shear strain and rotation of the foundation contribute significantly to lateral deformations in the wall plastic hinge zone. Shear strains in flexural shear walls are analytically shown to be a result of large vertical tensile strains in areas with inclined cracks. Based on this theory, a simple design-oriented method for estimating shear strain profile of flexural shear walls is formulated, the accuracy of which is verified against experimental results from works of other researchers.
Rotation of shear wall foundations is studied through performing about 2000 Nonlinear Time-History Analysis (NTHA) considering the nonlinear interaction between the foundation and the underlying soil. Behaviour of shear walls accounting for foundation rotation is explained with emphasis on relative wall to foundation strengths. A simple method for obtaining the monotonic foundation moment-rotation response is formulated which is then used in a simple step-by-step method for estimating foundation rotation in a given shear wall building.
Curvature demand on columns pushed to a given wall deformation profile is studied using a structural analysis algorithm specifically designed for the task. In the absence of wall shear strain or significant foundation rotation, column curvature demand is found to remain close to the wall maximum curvature. Wall shear strain and foundation rotation are found to cause severe increase to column curvature demand. In a parametric study on column curvature demand, parameters including wall length, column length, height of column plastic hinge zone, first storey height, fixity of the column at grade level, and the effect of members framing into the column are studied. Several simple expressions for estimating column curvature demand are derived that can be implemented in design.
18
Amminudin, Kamarul Ariffin. "Design and optimisation of the dividing wall distillation column /." Online version, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.357413.
Full text
19
Skosana, Petrus Jabu. "Wall Heat Transfer Coefficient in a Molten Salt Bubble Column." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/46246.
Full textAbstract:
The Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) is developing a novel process to
produce titanium metal at a lower cost than the current Kroll process used commercially. The
technology initiated by the CSIR will benefit South Africa in achieving the long-term goal of
establishing a competitive titanium metal industry.
A bubble column reactor is one of the suitable reactors that were considered for the
production of titanium metal. This reactor will be operated with a molten salt medium. Bubble
columns are widely used in various fields of process engineering, such as oxidation,
hydrogenation, fermentation, Fischer–Tropsch synthesis and waste water treatment. The
advantages of these reactors over other multiphase reactors are simple construction, good
mass and heat transfer, absence of moving parts and low operating costs.
High heat transfer is important in reactors when high thermal duties are required. An
appropriate measurement of the heat transfer coefficient is of primary importance for
designing reactors that are highly exothermic or endothermic.
An experimental test facility to measure wall heat transfer coefficients was constructed and
operated. The experimental setup was operated with tap water, heat transfer oil 32 and
lithium chloride–potassium chloride (LiCl–KCl) eutectic by bubbling argon gas through the
liquids. The column was operated at a temperature of 40 oC for the water experiments, at 75,
103 and 170 oC for the heat transfer oil experiments, and at 450 oC for the molten salt
experiments. All the experiments were run at superficial gas velocities in the range of 0.006
to 0.05 m/s. Three heating tapes, each connected to a corresponding variable AC voltage
controller, were used to heat the column media. Heat transfer coefficients were determined by inducing a known heat flux through the column
wall and measuring the temperature difference between the wall and the reactor contents. In
order to balance the system, heat was removed by cooling water flowing through a copper
tube on the inside of the column. Temperature differences between the column wall and the
liquid were measured at five axial locations.
A mechanistic model for estimating the kinematic turbulent viscosity and dispersion
coefficient was developed from a mechanism of momentum exchange between large
circulation cells. By analogy between heat and momentum transfer, these circulation cells
also transfer heat from the wall to the liquid.
There were some challenges when operating the bubble column with molten salt due to
leakages on the welds and aggressive corrosion of the column. The experimental results
were obtained when operating the column with water and heat transfer oil. It was found that
the heat transfer coefficient increases with superficial gas velocity. The values of the heat
transfer coefficient for the argon–water system were higher than those for the argon–heat
transfer oil system. The heat transfer coefficients were also found to increase with an
increase in temperature. Gas holdup increased with the superficial gas velocity. It was found
that the estimated axial dispersion coefficients are within the range of those reported in the
literature and the ratios of dispersion coefficients are in agreement with those in the
literature. The estimated kinematic turbulent viscosities were comparable with those in the
literature.<br>Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2014.<br>tm2015<br>Chemical Engineering<br>MEng<br>Unrestricted
20
Štěpánková, Věra. "Bytový dům." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225776.
Full textAbstract:
The project addresses the design documentation of a residential building. It is a detached house. The building has one basement and three floors. Residential house is a basement with a flat roof. The structural system consists of reinforced concrete columns and reinforced concrete ceiling. Perimeter and interior masonry infill masonry infill is composed of blocks YTONG. The roof is a single casing. The construction is based on the foundation footings and passports.
21
Ozturk, Mehmet Selim. "Effects Of Masonry Infill Walls On The Seismic Performance Of Buildings." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606753/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
In Turkey, in most of the reinforced concrete buildings, hallow masonry infill walls are used as a non-structural element, during design stage, their contribution to overall building behavior is not well known. Observations made after the earthquakes revealed that these non-structural elements had beneficial effects on the lateral capacity of the building.
In this study, the contribution of the hallow masonry infill walls to the lateral behavior of reinforced concrete buildings was investigated. For this purpose, two different buildings were chosen as case studies. Three and six story symmetric buildings are modeled as bare and infilled frames. The parameters that were investigated are column area, infill wall area, distribution of masonry infill walls throughout the story. To determine the effect of each parameter, global drift ratios are computed and are compared for each case.
22
Keogh, Andrew James, of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, Faculty of Science and Technology, and School of Applied and Environmental Sciences. "Systems management of Glenbrook Lagoon, New South Wales." THESIS_FST_AES_Keogh_A.xml, 1996. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/423.
Full textAbstract:
Glenbrook Lagoon, an 8 hectare lake receiving rainfall runoff from a residential catchment, is experiencing nutrient enrichment problems expressed as excessive aquatic plant presence. This study aims to assess the relative nutrient contribution of the total system compartments, including catchment loading, water column, aquatic plants and surface sediment. This information is utilised in the formulation of management strategies which may produce a sustainable nutrient reduction and general improvement in the system. The total nutrient content of the aquatic system was determined to be high in comparison with the present nutrient loading from the catchment. The ideal management case considers nutrient reduction of the surface sediment compartment firstly, followed by the aquatic plant community, with the water column and catchment influence as relatively low priority compartments. Various strategies for managing these are proposed. The total system benefits of the ideal management case are reductions in nutrients, aquatic plant biovolume and suspended solid loading. Unavoidable constraints placed upon the ideal management case include the excessive aquatic plant presence restricting accessability to the surface sediment for dredging. The resulting best management case requires aquatic plant eradication prior to sediment management, with the total system benefits associated with the ideal management case being retained.<br>Master of Science (Hons)
23
Pinzón, Ricardo Andrés Tusso. "Otimização econômica de sequências de colunas de destilação convencionais e coluna com parede dividida para a mistura benzeno, tolueno e p-xileno." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3137/tde-24122014-115533/.
Full textAbstract:
A destilação é um processo de separação com uma alta demanda de energia, razão pela qual, através de diferentes épocas tem sido estudadas diferentes configurações. O problema da separação de misturas multicomponente pode envolver sequências de colunas de destilação convencionais. Neste caso, surge um problema combinatório a fim de projetar a sequência mais econômica de separação. Por outro lado, em anos recentes têm sido proposto o uso de equipamentos alternativos, sendo as colunas com paredes divididas uma opção bastante estudada que se caracterizam pela integração de 2 seções de colunas compartilhando um único condensador e um único refervedor. Estes equipamentos propõem diminuir o custo total de processo de separação de misturas multicomponentes. Neste trabalho apresenta-se um estudo econômico da separação de três misturas ternárias de Benzeno, Tolueno, P-xileno, comparando os projetos ótimos de sequências convencionais e de colunas de paredes divididas. Inicialmente, são definidas as variáveis de projeto para cada configuração por meio de uma análise de graus de liberdade. O dimensionamento é realizado inicialmente com o método não rigoroso de valor de fronteira. Finalmente, as sequências diretas e indiretas e as colunas de parede divididas são projetadas usando modelos rigorosos, baseados no método de ponto de bolha, programação matemática para resolver os problemas de otimização do Custo Total Anualizado TAC com variáveis contínuas e enumeração exaustiva para tratar o problema combinatório. São obtidos projetos ótimos para uma alimentação com três composições diferentes. A sequência indireta forneceu o melhor resultado para a alimentação rica no componente mais pesado (-58,35%) e no componente intermediário (-45,98%). Já a sequência direta foi a melhor quando a alimentação é rica em componente leve (-33,36%). A coluna com parede dividida teve o pior desempenho em todos os três casos estudados.<br>Distillation is a high-energy demand separation process, for that reason, alternative configurations have been studied through the ages. The separation problem of multicomponent mixtures may involve a sequence of conventional distillation columns. In this case, a combinatorial problem arises in order to design the most economical separation sequence. On the other hand, in recent years the use of alternative devices has been proposed. One of those options is the divided wall column, which is extensively studied, and is characterized by the integration of two column sections sharing a single condenser and a single reboiler. This equipment is sought to decrease the total cost of the separation process for multicomponent mixtures. This work presents an economic study for the separation of three ternary mixtures of benzene, toluene and p-xylene, comparing the optimum design of conventional sequences and divided wall columns. Initially, the design variables are defined for each configuration through a degrees of freedom analysis. The sizing is initially performed with the boundary value shortcut method. Then, the direct and indirect sequences, and divided wall columns are designed using rigorous models based on the bubble point method. Mathematical programming is used for solving the optimization problems of minimization of the total annualized cost (TAC) with continuous variables and exhaustive enumeration to handle the combinatorial issue. Optimal designs for three feeds with different compositions are obtained. The indirect sequence provided the best result for the feed rich in the heaviest component (-58.35 %) and in the intermediate component (-45.98 %). The direct sequence result was the best when the feed composition is rich in lighter component (-33.36 %). The divided wall column had the worst performance in all three cases studied.
24
Vyhnalíková, Kateřina. "Betonová konstrukce krytého parkoviště pro bytové domy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240439.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of diploma thesis is a design and an assessment of selected structural elements of one floor in monolithic concrete structures serving as covered parking for an apartment house. Software RFEM is used here to calculate internal forces. The thesis also includes manual calculation of internal forces and comparison with software results. It also includes drawings of proposed solution. All calculation are done in accordance with Eurocode 2.
25
Akis, Tolga. "Lateral Load Analysis Of Shear Wall-frame Structures." Phd thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12604713/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study is to model and analyze the nonplanar shear wall assemblies of shear wall-frame structures. Two three dimensional models, for open and closed section shear wall assemblies, are developed. These models are based on conventional wide column analogy, in which a planar shear wall is replaced by an idealized frame structure consisting of a column and rigid beams located at floor levels. The rigid diaphragm floor assumption, which is widely used in the analysis of multistorey building structures, is also taken into consideration. The connections of the rigid beams are released against torsion in the model proposed for open section shear walls. For modelling closed section shear walls, in addition to this the torsional stiffness of the wide
columns are adjusted by using a series of equations. Several shear wall-frame systems having different shapes of nonplanar shear wall assemblies are analyzed by static lateral load, response spectrum and time history methods where the proposed methods are used. The results of these analyses are compared with the results obtained by using common shear wall modelling techniques.
26
Adams, Tiffany E. "Stability of Levees and Floodwalls Supported by Deep-Mixed Shear Walls: Five Case Studies in the New Orleans Area." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29065.
Full textAbstract:
Increasing interest, from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and other agencies, in using deep-mixing methods (DMM) to improve the stability of levees constructed on soft ground is driven by the need to reduce levee footprints and environmental impacts and to allow for more rapid construction. Suitable methods for analysis and design of these systems are needed to ensure that the DMM technology is properly applied.
DMM shear walls oriented perpendicular to the levee alignment are an effective arrangement for supporting unbalanced lateral loads. Shear walls constructed by overlapping individual DMM columns installed with single-axis or multiple axis equipment include vertical joints caused by the reduced width of the wall at the overlap between adjacent columns. These joints can be made weaker by misalignment during construction, which reduces the efficiency of the overlap. Depending on the prevalence and strength of these joints, complex failure mechanisms, such as racking due to slipping along vertical joints between adjacent installations in the shear walls, can occur. Ordinary limit equilibrium analyses only account for a composite shearing failure mode; whereas, numerical stress-strain analyses can account for other failure modes.
Five case studies provided by the USACE were analyzed to evaluate the behavior of levee and floodwall systems founded on soft ground stabilized with DMM shear walls. These identified and illustrated potential failure mechanisms of these types of systems. Two-dimensional numerical stability and settlement analyses were performed for the case studies using the FLAC computer program. The key findings and conclusions for the individual case studies were assessed and integrated into general conclusions about design of deep-mixing support for levees and floodwalls.
One of the significant findings from this research was to identify the potential for a partial depth racking failure, which can control design when the DMM shear walls are socketted into a relatively strong bearing layer. The potential for partial depth racking failure is not discussed in the literature and represents a new failure mode identified by this research. This discovery also highlights the importance of adapting suitable methods for analysis and design of these systems to address all potential failure modes.<br>Ph. D.
27
Nguyen, Trung Dung. "Conceptual design, simulation and experimental validation of divided wall column : application for non-reactive and reactive mixture." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2015. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/13866/1/nguyen.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Divided wall column and reactive distillation have many advantages. If a divided wall column and a reactive distillation are integrated, they leads to a higher integrated process is a reactive divided wall column. However reactive divided wall column has still a new research area. First of all, the thesis proposed a procedure for design of divided wall column, which based on the FUGK model. Both technological and hydrodynamic aspects in the divided wall column are considered in the procedure. Design parameters are then provided to the rigorous simulation and optimization in the ProSimplus software. In order to test this procedure, both ideal and non-ideal ternary mixtures are chosen to be separated in a divided wall column. The results show that the procedure can determine parameters quickly in the case studies and can give a good initialization for rigorous simulation. Secondly, a pilot plant has been design, built and operated in our laboratory (LGC, Toulouse, France, 2013). The pilot plant will provide necessary experimental evidence to validate the previous procedure. Ternary mixture and four-component mixture of alcohols have been used in our pilot plant in steady state conditions. The results show that the composition of products, composition and temperature profile along the column are in very good agreement with simulation results. Finally, a conceptual design method for reactive divided wall column is presented. The pre-design method of R. Thery et al., (2005) and a modified shortcut method for reactive divided wall column that is based on the classical shortcut adapted to a non-reactive divided wall column by C. Triantafyllou and R. Smith (1992) are applied. To verify, simulation and experiment are considered. The methodology has been illustrated for the synthesis of Methyl Acetate from Methanol and Acetic Acid.
28
Jönsson, Fredrik. "Sanctuary of the Man-made." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-223410.
Full textAbstract:
They seek to embrace and understand the complexity of the man-made. They live alongside one another in a cluster - reflecting, synthesizing, producing and celebrating. They created their spaces and hierarchies through the basic principles of the wall and the column. The Sanctuary of the Man-made is an exploration of elements through a narrative that aims for a deeper understanding of human built complexity.
29
Gelder, David Camenish. "Buckling and Crippling of Square Steel Thin-Walled Tubes Fabricated with Symmetrically-Overlapping U-Channels and Foam." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3346.
Full textAbstract:
Testing and analysis has been performed on square steel thin-walled tubes fabricated using symmetrically-overlapping U-channels and foam. This research analyzes flange-to-flange attachment, effect of foam in the columns, effect of adhesive stiffness, and influence of steel thickness, as related to the local buckling loads, global buckling loads, and crippling loads. Four 14-foot (4.27 m) foam-filled, thin-walled, galvanized steel columns were manufactured by Novatek, Inc. and tested in axial compression with pinned boundary conditions. For three of the four configurations, the two-piece 4-in. (10.2-cm) square shell surrounded prefabricated polystyrene foam inserts; the fourth column had no foam insert. The column outer shells were composed of two 16-gauge galvanized steel channels with overlapping flanges and the webs on opposite sides of the column. The two adjacent flanges on each side of the columns were adhesively bonded together in all cases. In addition to the adhesive, two columns had either periodic screws or short welds spaced evenly along the length of the columns to delay the onset of flange buckling of the outer channel, and potentially increase the compression strength. The other two columns had adhesive only bonding the flanges, one of which had no foam filler. The various configurations all exhibited similar compression strengths. Failure for all columns initiated with local buckling, followed by global buckling and local crippling, which occurred simultaneously. The method of flange attachment, the effect of the foam in the columns, and flange thicknesses were isolated and analyzed using mechanics-based analysis, parametric studies, and finite element analysis. The results show the ideal spacing of screws or short-welds, if used, is less than or equal to 5 in (12.7 cm) for the given column length. This increases the local buckling load to the Euler buckling load and preserves the original shape of the cross-section. The adhesive needs only a tensile strength of approximately 1 ksi (6.4 kPa) to prevent local buckling for any spacing of screws or short-welds, but needs to be applied uniformly (much of the adhesive in the column tests had been scraped off of the flanges during assembly). The results also show that foam core does not increase the Euler buckling load, but does increase the crippling load by delaying inward buckling of the column webs and flanges. Using foam with the given stiffness and a yield strength of 50 psi (345 kPa), uniform foam-to-steel bonding could increase the crippling strength up to 21% even without adhesive between the flanges. Using adhesive with the given stiffness between the flanges could increase the crippling strength by up to 63% without foam. The crippling strength could increase up to 72% if both adhesive between the flanges and a foam insert are used.
30
Al, Ateah Ali H. "NUMERICAL STUDY OF MULTIPLE ROCKING SELF-CENTERINGROCKING CORE SYSTEMS WITH BUCKLING-RESTRAINED COLUMNSFOR MID-RISE BUILDINGS." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1511816354436547.
Full text
31
Lehoťák, Roman. "Návrh betonové konstrukce s ohledem na požární odolnost." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-444631.
Full textAbstract:
The diploma thesis deals with the analysis of internal forces and the design of the reinforcement of a reinforced concrete monolithic slab, a reinforcing wall and a column in the 1st floor of a dairy hall building. The fire resistance of selected structures was taken into account during dimensioning. The calculation of the internal forces was performed by the finite element method in Dlubal RFEM 5.24.
32
Neužil, David. "Statické řešení nosné železobetonové konstrukce rodinné vily." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240199.
Full textAbstract:
Master thesis describes design of reinforced concrete structure for family villa. Building is situated to the slope. Only chosen parts of concrete structure was designed and checked for ultimate limit state. Building consist of basemen and two floors. Part of second floor is cantilevered. Cantilevered part was designed according to vertical deflection. Building foundation consist of waterproof slabs. Walls in contact with soil are considered as waterproof, as well.
33
Rocha, Fabio Martin. "Pilares de Aço e Mistos de Aço e Concreto Inseridos em Paredes em Situação de Incêndio." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/84809.
Full textAbstract:
Tese apresentada ao Departamento de Engenharia de Estruturas da Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, como parte dos quesitos necessários para obtenção do título de Doutor em Engenharia Civil (Estruturas) e Engenharia de Segurança ao Incêndio.<br>Neste trabalho é apresentado um estudo experimental e numérico acerca do comportamento em
situação de incêndio de pilares de aço e mistos de aço e concreto inseridos em paredes. Tendo em
vista que o aquecimento ocorre em apenas uma das faces do pilar, são instaurados gradientes
térmicos ao longo da seção, adicionando momentos e tensões que alteram significativamente o
comportamento termoestrutural do pilar. O estudo experimental foi realizado na Universidade de
Coimbra, onde foram realizados ensaios em temperaturas elevadas de pilares de aço e mistos de
aço e concreto, considerando o preenchimento entre as mesas do perfil. Dentre os parâmetros
analisados, foram considerados dois tipos de perfis metálicos, três espessuras de paredes e a
orientação do perfil em relação à parede. Todos os ensaios consideraram o pilar com restrição
axial e rotacional nas extremidades. A partir da análise experimental, foi possível observar que os
pilares com o gradiente térmico ao longo das mesas do perfil, que desenvolvem um gradiente
térmico menos pronunciado, apresentam um comportamento mais semelhante aos pilares
aquecidos uniformemente. Já com o gradiente térmico ao longo da alma, o comportamento obtido
é bastante diferente, sendo que o desenvolvimento das forças de restrição no pilar apresenta dois
ramos ascendentes até o valor de pico. Considerações acerca do efeito térmico e estrutural da
espessura da parede e do tipo de perfil utilizado são apresentados no trabalho. Adicionalmente,
foram realizadas análise numéricas térmicas e termoestruturais em elementos finitos a fim de
compreender melhor o comportamento dos pilares ensaiados previamente. Por fim, em âmbito
teórico é apresentada uma metodologia para a obtenção das curvas de interação da força normal
e momento fletor para os pilares de aço e mistos de aço e concreto submetidos à gradientes
térmicos ao longo das mesas e da alma do perfil.<br>The present work presents an experimental and numerical study concerning the behaviour in fire
of steel and composite steel and concrete columns embedded on walls. Considering that the
heating occurs at only one side of the column, thermal gradients are developed along the cross
section, adding bending moments and tensions which significantly changes the behaviour of the
column in fire. The experimental study was conducted at the University of Coimbra, where tests
were carried out at elevated temperatures on steel and composite columns with concrete between
the flanges of the profile. Among the analysed parameters, were considered two types of steel
profiles, three wall thicknesses and the column position in its two principal direction in
comparison to the wall. All tests considered the column with axial and rotational restrictions on
its ends. From the experimental analysis, we observed that the columns with the thermal gradient
along the profile flanges, which develops a less pronounced thermal gradient, have a more similar
behaviour with the columns uniformly heated. Considering the thermal gradient along the web,
the behaviour obtained is quite different, with the development of axial forces presenting two
ascending branches until the peak value. Considerations concerning the thermal and structural
effect of wall thickness and type of profile used are presented along the results discussion. In
addition, thermal and thermomechanical finite element analysis were developed in order to better
understand the behaviour of the columns previously tested. Finally, in a theoretical scope a
methodology for obtaining the normal force and bending moment interaction diagrams (N-M
diagrams) for steel and composite columns subjected to thermal gradients along the flanges and
the web is presented and compared with the experimental data.
34
Schrámek, Martin. "Příprava realizace montované haly s administrativou v Praci." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-392115.
Full textAbstract:
The subject of the diploma thesis is a preparation of a prefabricated hall with administration in Prace. The production hall will be used to produce glass fiber reinforced concrete. Next part and extension is an administrative part. The text part of the thesis contains a technical report on the building technological project, time and financial plan of the building - object, coordinating situation of the building with broader relations of the transport routes, study of the realization of the main technological stages of the building object, item budget of the main building object, time schedule of the main building, sets of the main technological stages, detection protocols for individual months, limits, balance of resources and personnel, plan of selected material sources, technical report of construction site equipment, technological regulation of precast reinforced concrete frame, technological regulation of precast concrete frame coverings Kingspan panels, Control and test plan of precast concrete frame, covering of precast concrete frame panels Kingspan and ceiling panels of the Spiroll administration, alternative suggestion of the exchange ceiling construction administration and comparison, noise study and thermal technology.
35
Rafiee, Nima. "Process design and energy efficiency analysis of an oil and gas processing plant." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.
Find full textAbstract:
Abstract
The objective of this thesis is process design to prepare a heat and mass balance and associated equipment list that will process untreated reservoir fluids to allow export of saleable gas and oil in an oil and gas processing plant. Gas will be exported to an existing pipeline, oil to a nearby shuttle tanker. By energy efficiency analysis, some energy saving opportunities has been found such as heat integration, replacing control valves with expanders and improving pumps and compressors adiabatic efficiency and then the amount of power recovered through these opportunities have been calculated. After that by considering water added to the feed stream, gas dehydration unit is needed for gas drying. In this reason, a design of TEG dehydration unit has been done and compared with the energy consumption by molecular sieve dehydration unit. Comparison shows that molecular sieve dehydration unit consumes energy about two times more than TEG dehydration unit does. Furthermore, by designing fractionation unit and introducing dividing wall column, consumption of energy decreased about 33% in comparison with conventional columns. In the final part, some energy efficiency opportunities of pumps and compressors, which are the most energy consuming equipment in the oil and gas industries have been introduced. Moreover, the means of power generation for oil and gas plants have been studied. Most plants use gas turbine for power generation and introduce means of increasing gas turbine efficiency and its performance. In the final part some methods for recovery the low-grade heat, variable speed drive which shows significant energy saving, power recovery turbines and reducing friction losses through pipes have been defined.
36
Severa, Aleš. "Obytný komplex s provozovnou." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227444.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis deals with the layout, construction, fire and thermal technical solution for residential building with business part. The residential complex is divided into four functional parts - underground garages, administrative, operational and residential part. This proposed building has four floors and a basement. The upper floor is sheltered by a flat roof. The constructional system is made of reinforced concrete columns and walls in the first two floors, as for the next floors the brick wall construction is used. The ceiling construction is a monolithic reinforced concrete panel with cross tension.
37
Kolibač, Radek. "Obytný dům ERASMUS, Brno." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226927.
Full textAbstract:
The objective of this thesis was to design and check typical elements of the 5th storey of monolithic reinforced concrete structure of residential building. Horizontal load-bearing structure consists of a continuous slab of six fields with reinforcing ribs, which are located under the building envelope, bidirectional slab simply supported, further staircase beam and lintels in the corridors and loggias. Vertical structures consist of walls and columns.
38
Král, Václav. "Nosná železobetonová konstrukce administrativní budovy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226724.
Full textAbstract:
Master thesis describes the design and assessment of main parts monolithic reinforced concrete construction of office building. Solved elements are locally supported slab, stiffening perimeter beam, column, wall and fundamention strip. Components of master thesis are also drawings of shape and reinforcement. Calculation of internal forces was performed by computer program SCIA Engineer. It was control by simplified method of replacement frames and results were compared.
39
Hardubej, Martin. "Návrh a posouzení prvků vícepodlažního objektu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226928.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the thesis is the design and assessment of selected elements of a new build multi-storey office building. The supporting structure of monolithic reinforced concrete skeleton is modeled SCIA Engineer and burdened set load cases and combinations. The outputs of the internal forces of the calculation program are dimensioned selected elements. Selected elements include locally supported slab, columns, column shoes, basement wall and footing still. The thesis is selected reinforced concrete elements assessed on the ultimate limit state. The output of this work is static calculation of individual elements. Another part of the output consists of drawings solved elements.
40
Wishrojwar, Anitha Suhas. "SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF CATALYSTS FOR CO2 CAPTURE." UKnowledge, 2010. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/42.
Full textAbstract:
Fossil fuel and advanced industrialization techniques contribute to global warming through emissions of greenhouse gases such as CO2. In order to mitigate climate change, there is a desperate need to reduce CO2 emissions from different sources. CO2 capture and sequestration (CCS) play an important role in these reductions.
Naturally occurring enzymes, e.g., carbonic anhydrase (CA), can catalyze these reactions in living systems. Much effort has been focused on complexes of zinc with ligands such as teta, cyclen and tripodal ligands including BIMA and Trispyrazolylborates. These complexes have many interesting CO2 capture properties, but maintain toxic perchlorate ions.
We desired to replace them with less hazardous counteranions like BF4- or PF6-. Our research focused mainly on the synthesis and characterization of Zn, Co and Cu cyclen and teta complexes that could mimic CA. We also examined some of these species for catalytic CO2 hydration behavior on wetted-wall column (WWC) at Center for Applied Energy Research (CAER).
We successfully synthesized and characterized eight new complexes. These catalysts as CO2 capture systems are more stable have low molecular weights (compared to CA) and more cost effective than enzymes. In terms of catalytic activity significant results were obtained only for few of the catalysts
41
Gregores, Megan Kesler. "Discoveries for a Community." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/103326.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis investigates the design of a new, private residential community on the undeveloped island, Thatch Cay, in the U.S. Virgin Islands.
Architectural issues explored include the use of load bearing walls versus free standing columns for the primary structure of the individual buildings as a means of ordering space and a way to frame the context of the Caribbean.
Architectural decisions involve how to make openings in the walls, how much of the walls remain, and how the remaining portions of the walls are articulated, as best suited for the specific building type, a prototype residence, in this particular setting in the tropics.<br>Master of Architecture
42
Koch, Filip. "Statická analýza konstrukce administrativní budovy." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226800.
Full textAbstract:
Diploma thesis deals with static analysis of supporting structure of multifunctional building with an atypical floor plan shape. Thesis contains static reports of the main elements of the structure. The lower construction is made of reinforced concrete. The upper structure consists a steel frame and composite elements.
43
Hejl, Zbyněk. "Objekt pro bydlení – nosná železobetonová konstrukce." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-409791.
Full textAbstract:
Master´s thesis is focused on the design and assessment of reinforced concrete load-bearing structure of a detached house. The supporting structure model is processed in SCIA Engineer. Selected reinforced concrete elements are assessed in accordance with ČSN EN 1992 - 1 -1. Part of the thesis is a technical report and drawings of the shape and reinforcement.
44
Šramota, Petr. "Patrové garáže." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226899.
Full textAbstract:
The main aim of this master´s thesis is designing parking garage including access ramps situated in Ústí nad Labem. Dimensions of parking garage is 58,6x31,1 m. As a support system of construction are used steel-concrete composite elements. The calcuation was done by manual calcuation.
45
Le, Nguyen Khuong. "Contribution à la compréhension du comportement des structures renforcées par FRP sous séismes." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAL0020/document.
Full textAbstract:
Dans le cadre de la mise à niveau sismique des bâtiments existants, la technique de renforcement par placage et enrobage de polymères renforcés de fibres (FRP) offre une réponse pertinente. L’objectif de cette thèse est de proposer une modélisation fiable pour la détermination de la réponse quasi-statique et dynamique d’une grande variété d’éléments de structure et d’identifier les apports possibles d’une telle modélisation à la conception. Les stratégies de modélisation s’appuient sur l’utilisation d’éléments finis massifs ou basés sur une cinématique simplifiée (coques multicouches et poutres multifibres), associés à des modèles locaux d’endommagement et de plasticité pour les matériaux en présence (béton, armatures et FRP). L’hypothèse d’adhérence parfaite, d’une part, entre les armatures et le béton, et d’autre part, entre les bandes de FRP et le béton, permet de calculer efficacement les cas des poteaux courants, des poteaux courts, des voiles longs et courts, dans les régimes quasi-statique (pushover) et dynamique. Le renforcement par placage et enrobage FRP pour des structures en béton armé, est reproduit au sein de la modélisation par un apport de matière (éléments de type barre avec les caractéristiques propres des FRP) et des modifications des paramètres de la loi de comportement du béton, justifiées par l’expérimentation et la littérature. La pertinence de l’approche est finalement démontrée en confrontant la réponse temporelle de structures à l’échelle 1, de type ossature ou de type contreventé par des voiles, aux résultats expérimentaux issus de benchmarks internationaux<br>In the context of the building’s protection against seismic risk, the strengthening technique by FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymers) plating and wrapping provides a relevant solution. The objective of this thesis is to propose a reliable modeling for determining the quasi-static and dynamic responses of a wide variety of structural elements and to draw advantage in design. The modeling strategies make use of 3D elements or finite elements based on simplified kinematics (multilayer shells or multifiber beams), associated with local damage and plasticity laws for the constitutive materials (concrete, rebar and FRP). The perfect bond assumption between steel-concrete and FRP-concrete allows efficiently calculating the quasi-static and dynamic behaviors of short and slender columns, as well as short and slender walls. The mechanical contribution of FRP plating and wrapping is reproduced in the modeling by adding material (bar type elements with FRP characteristics) and by changing the parameters of the concrete model on the basis of the experience and analytical formula issued from the literature. The relevance of the approach is finally highlighted by comparing the time-history response of real braced frame or wall structures with the experimental results
46
Zápotočný, David. "Návrh betonové konstrukce s ohledem na požární odolnost." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-409785.
Full textAbstract:
Diploma thesis deals with design of selected parts of reinforced concrete construction of a multi-storey building with respect of fire resistance. The proposed elements are reinforced concrete locally suported ceiling slab, selected column and wall. These structures are located in the storage hall on the 1st underground floor. Different variants of structural design are consulted and compared in this work. The calculation of internal forces is performed in the calculation software Scia Engineer 19.1. The thesis includes a structural design as well as drawings. The construction is designed according to ČSN EN standarts.
47
Worms, Guillaume. "Méthode de faisabilité et de conception de colonnes à cloison (DWC) pour la distillation de mélanges non-idéaux et azéotropiques." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2017. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/23691/20/Worms-Guillaume_23691.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Implantées depuis plus de dix ans dans l’industrie, l’intérêt des colonnes à cloison n’est aujourd’hui plus à démontrer. Suivant les applications envisagées, elles peuvent permettre d’important gain tant énergétique qu’économique. Cependant leur design est toujours complexe et les méthodes de conception développées ne s’adressent qu’à des applications avec des mélanges proches de l’idéalité. Le développement d’une nouvelle méthode de design d’une colonne à distillation de mélanges non-idéaux applicable aux colonnes à cloison constitue l’objet d’étude de cette thèse. Dans un premier temps, une procédure de faisabilité et de design d’une colonne classique basée sur les feuilles opératoires a été proposée. Les paramètres de design obtenus sont ensuite utilisés comme initialisation d’une simulation rigoureuse conduite au sein du logiciel Prosim Plus. Afin de tester cette procédure, des mélanges idéaux, non-idéaux et azéotropiques ont été utilisés. Il a pu être montré que les paramètres de design obtenus permettent d’accéder à un design plus fiable et plus efficient, aussi bien d’un point de vue énergétique qu’économique, que ceux obtenus par la bien connue méthode shortcut FUGK. Dans un second temps, la procédure a été adaptée aux colonnes à cloison. Les paramètres obtenus ont également servi à initialiser une simulation rigoureuse et la procédure a été testée avec les mêmes mélanges. Il a été mis en évidence que les paramètres de design obtenus permettaient d’obtenir une bonne initialisation de la colonne. Comparée avec une autre méthode développée précédemment par le laboratoire, la procédure développée s’est révélée plus fiable et a permis l’obtention de design plus économique tant du point de vue énergétique qu’en termes d’investissement. Enfin, une phase de validation expérimentale a également été réalisée sur une installation pilote. Dans un premier temps, l’instrumentation et le contrôle de la colonne ont été fortement améliorés. Dans un second temps, des résultats expérimentaux réalisés sur avec un mélange hétéro-azéotropique ont pu valider des simulations en terme de profils de composition et de température interne ainsi que les compositions et les débits de sortie de la colonne.
48
Kurpel, Juraj. "Návrh betonové konstrukce pozemní stavby." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240206.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this thesis is to design a load-bearing structure for the ultimate and serviceability limit state of a civil building. The structure is designed as a cast-in-place concrete structure, composed of columns and floor slabs. The building has total of 5 floors, two are under-ground and three above-ground. The thesis contents of a structural design and design options, structural design report for load-bearing elements, processing of the drawings, details, visualizations. Internal forces calculation is carried out in SCIA Engineer and validated by the moment accumulation method for slabs. The columns are assessed by interaction diagrams, one is verified by hand calculation. The resulting internal forces are taken from the computational programme. Foundations are not subject for solution.
49
Dastfan, Mehdi. "Ductile steel plate shear walls with PEC columns." Phd thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10048/1946.
Full textAbstract:
The behavior of steel plate shear walls under the effects of lateral loads depends on the stiffness of the surrounding frame members. Previous research has quantified the minimum required stiffness of columns in the middle stories of steel plate shear wall systems. As the columns of the steel plate shear wall system are subjected to both large axial forces and bending moments, use of composite columns is a viable option in this system. Among the different types of composite columns, the recently developed partially encased composite columns with built-up steel sections have some advantages over other types of composite columns and thus their performance as columns in steel plate shear wall systems needs to be studied.
In the first part of this research, a numerical and analytical study has developed a new design parameter and determined the minimum required stiffness of end beams in end panels of the steel plate shear wall system. The effect of the rigidity of the frame connections on the uniformity of the tension field has also been studied in this part.
The second part of this research includes two large scale tests on steel plate shear walls with built-up partially encased composite (PEC) columns. One of the test specimens was modular and the other one used reduced beam sections in the frame. The results of the tests show that the columns were stiff enough to anchor the infill plate. The PEC columns in these tests performed in a ductile manner. The overall system behavior was ductile, stable and the specimens showed good seismic behavior and redundancy. Based on the results and observations of this research, design recommendations for PEC columns used as the vertical boundary members of steel plate shear walls are provided.<br>Structural Engineering
50
XIAO, XU-JUN, and 蕭旭鈞. "comparisons between shear walls modeled byequivalent columns and bracings." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74995261424670764559.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>土木工程學系所<br>100<br>In earthquake engineering, a shear wall is a kind of design
to reduce the structural response. The simulation of equivalent
column to the shear wall is a common consideration in the analysis
for design because of economic in calculation. An auxiliary code
developed by National Center for Research on Earthquake
Engineering is on this purpose. However there still exists some
sort of arguments in practice.
Herein, bracing concept of brick wall and equivalent column
is made for comparisons. It seems that the bracing simulation may
be a feasibility regarding the setup of foundation.