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Journal articles on the topic 'Walls and columns'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Luo, Wen Wen, Ying Min Li, Ni Na Zheng, and Na Chen. "Numerical Analysis of Seismic Behavior of Masonry Walls Confined by Precast Tie-Columns." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 2429–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.2429.

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In order to improve the seismic behavior of the rural masonry buildings and reduce the cost and be convenient for construction, a precast tie-column system was put forward, which was suitable for masonry buildings, constructed by fired common bricks or porous bricks. The uniaxial compression constitutive relation of brick masonry was used for simulating the precast tie-column. And this paper analyzed the difference of the seismic behavior of masonry walls which bearing different vertical compressive stress, and confined by cast-in-place tie-columns or precast tie-columns, and whether contain w

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2

Zhang, Xun Zhong, Ru Heng Wang, and Wei Hu. "Analysis on Seismic Performance of Frame Columns Reinforced with Wing Walls." Applied Mechanics and Materials 166-169 (May 2012): 1691–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.166-169.1691.

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Through the ANSYS finite element method, the seismic performance of frame columns reinforced with wing walls has been analyzed, indicating that the wing wall reinforcement can effectively improve the lateral stiffness and remarkably increase the bearing capacity of columns. With the wing wall reinforcement, the envelop area of the column’s hysteresis curve increases, and the bearing capacity improves, however, the shrinking phenomena of the curve suggests that the ductility of the section reduces. When the centerline of the additional wing wall coincides with that of the original column, the h

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3

Mickaitis, Marius, and Vytautas J. Stauskis. "VIBRATION TRANSMISSION THROUGH JOINTS OF WALLS AND COLUMNS IN FRAMED BUILDINGS." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 11, no. 3 (2005): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2005.9636349.

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Constructional practice has shown that structure‐borne sound transmission through joints can signally reduce airborne sound insulation in buildings. Vibration transmission coefficient evaluates this reduction in design calculations. In this article sound transmission through joints in framed buildings is investigated. Rooms in framed buildings are shaped by walls and ceilings connected to columns. Several walls could be connected to each column in a building plan. Such joints are modelled like idealised plate–beam–plate junctions. Examining vibration transmission through these junctions, the i

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4

Salem, Merabti. "Combined effect of removing corner columns and vertical openings in an L-shaped shear wall." STUDIES IN ENGINEERING AND EXACT SCIENCES 5, no. 2 (2024): e11381. https://doi.org/10.54021/seesv5n2-602.

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This study examines several buildings braced with L-shaped shear walls, with and without corner columns. In this case, the L-shaped shear wall consists of two walls, each with vertical rectangular openings. At the same time, three wall thicknesses 15cm, 20 cm, and 25 cm were used in buildings of 4, 7, and 11 stories. A comparison was made between walls with and without columns based on tensile stresses and dynamic shear forces at the base of the buildings. The maximum displacements at the tops of the buildings were also compared between those braced with shear walls with and without corner col

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5

Tjitradi, Darmansyah, and Eliatun Eliatun. "Visualisasi Dan Identifikasi Pola Retak Dinding Bata Akibat Penurunan Pondasi Struktur Bangunan Di Kota Banjarmasin." Jurnal Gradasi Teknik Sipil 2, no. 1 (2018): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31961/gradasi.v2i1.575.

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The City of Banjarmasin has very low soil bearing capacity leading to a significant number of buildings experiencing foundation settlement. This causes many elements of the buildings to develop cracks and to lean. The foundation settlement is modelled using ANSYS by taking five building structure models with brick walls loaded with their selves weight. Through this modelling the crack pattern and the stress distribution on both walls and the structural elements can be visualised and identified. The results show that the following columns experiencing foundation settlement develop longitu

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6

Xia, Fengmin, Kaozhong Zhao, Jihui Zhao, and Xiangjin Cui. "Experimental Study on the Seismic Performance of Brick Walls Strengthened by Small-Spaced Reinforced-Concrete–Masonry Composite Columns." Buildings 14, no. 1 (2024): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14010184.

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Through low-cycle reciprocating tests on 11 masonry wall specimens strengthened using reinforced-concrete–masonry composite columns, the effects of the position of the composite column, height-to-width ratio, column reinforcement ratio, and axial load ratio on their load-carrying capacity, stiffness, ductility, and energy dissipation capacity were investigated. It was experimentally found that, by strengthening brick walls with RC–masonry composite columns, the concrete and masonry parts can work together effectively, the failure mode shifts from shear to flexural failure, and the strengthened

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7

Shen, Wanyu, Jian Wang, Siyong Tan, Xuehui Wang, and Tao Wang. "A Numerical Study of the Fire Resistance of Square Steel Tube Columns Embedded in Walls." Fire 8, no. 4 (2025): 122. https://doi.org/10.3390/fire8040122.

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Square steel tube (SST) columns are widely applied, and fire resistance is a critical issue in its design. Current research on the fire resistance of the SST column predominantly assumes that it is uniformly exposed to fire, ignoring the thermal insulation of the surrounding walls under actual fire conditions. The heat transfer and mechanical finite element model (FEM) for SST columns embedded in walls under an ISO 834 standard fire are established in this study, and the accuracy of the FEM is verified by existing experimental results. Subsequently, the wall effect on the temperature distribut

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8

Tramontin, A. P., A. L. Moreno Junior, and C. R. Oliveira. "Experimental evaluation of the prevention methods for the interface between masonry infill walls and concrete columns." Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais 6, no. 5 (2013): 765–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1983-41952013000500005.

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Cracks that form at the interfaces between masonry structures are common uncontrolled occurrences in buildings. Numerous methods have been proposed by the construction industry to address this problem. Cracks continuously form in the joints between concrete columns and masonry infill walls. In this study, the most common methods for preventing these types of cracks were evaluated in laboratory experiments. Column masonry models were constructed using different types of joints between concrete columns and masonry infill walls, such as steel bars and steel mesh. The efficiency of each type of jo

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9

Bai, Yongtao, and Guoliang Bai. "Pseudo-Dynamic and Quasi-Static Testing of an Irregular Steel Concrete Composite Frame with Wing Walls." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 16, no. 02 (2016): 1450095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455414500953.

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This paper presents a series of pseudo-dynamic tests (PDTs) and quasi-static tests (QSTs) on a dual wing-walled frame system, represented here by a 1/7-scaled composite moment frame with steel reinforced concrete (SRC) columns and reinforced concrete (RC) wing walls. Special characteristics of this scaled system are irregular story layout, strong-beam weak-column mechanism and large axial load. A series of scaled El-Centro (NS) waves were used as the input ground motion for the PDTs, the results of which showed that the seismic behavior was significantly improved by the RC wing walls. With the

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10

Kato, Daisuke, Daisuke Sato, and Tadashi Takamatsu. "Effects of opening location on flexural behavior of RC columns with sidewalls." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 50, no. 4 (2017): 547–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.50.4.547-554.

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Practical use of secondary walls such as sidewalls is common because the contributions of secondary walls for stiffness or strength have been recognized. In 2016, “AIJ Standard for Lateral Load-carrying Capacity Calculation of Reinforced Concrete Structures” was published as a draft by Architectural Institute of Japan. In this standard new equations for columns with side walls were proposed. From this viewpoint, the authors have conducted static loading tests of flexurally controlled RC column specimens with single opening in the sidewall, to investigate the effects of openings on strength and

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Yaroviy, S. M., Y. M. Yarovyy, V. V. Riumin, and Y. Y. Solodovnyk. "The bearing capacity reserves of steel columns of a single-span frame with a proportional increase in loading history." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1376, no. 1 (2024): 012021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1376/1/012021.

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Abstract Searching for the reserves of non-standard construction and the improvement of the structure of steel and metal columns is an urgent task. This makes it possible to more fully take into account the actual operation of structures and the saving of metal. Experimental studies of work stylus-bending columns in warehouses were carried out mainly on models. In this work, the goal is to experimentally investigate the operation of full-scale columns as part of the cross section of a one-story and one-span industrial building, corresponding to real construction conditions. Actual field tests

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12

Wang, Cheng, Yong Kun Luo, and Xiao Long Xu. "Discussion of Different Methods of Strengthening Masonry Walls with Constructional Column." Applied Mechanics and Materials 226-228 (November 2012): 1098–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.226-228.1098.

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With the rapid development of economy and the civil engineering discipline, the seismic performance of existing masonry wall can't satisfy the codes and regional seismic requirements. As a result, strengthening the earthquake resistance of it is put on the agenda. Using large-scale finite element software-abaqus, this paper analyzes different methods of strengthening masonry walls by constructional columns. Under the premise of the cross area of the columns used to reinforce is identical, it shows that the wall strengthened by bilateral constructional columns has a better seismic performance t

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13

Dong, Hong Ying, Wan Lin Cao, Hai Peng Wu, and Fang Fang Xu. "Seismic Behavior of Damage-Reduction Based, Energy Dissipation Composite Shear Walls." Advanced Materials Research 742 (August 2013): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.742.34.

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A new damage-reduction based composite shear wall was proposed. It combines with three different energy dissipation units, which are the CFST column, SP deep beam and RC strip. The CFST column is set to be exposed outside or concealed inside the concrete. CFST columns and SP deep beams constitutes the core structure. During loading, RC strips between columns work with the core structure so as to reduce the damage and consume the energy. Four specimens with different design parameters, including 2 shear walls with exposed CFST columns and 2 with concealed CFST columns, were tested under horizon

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14

Ränger, Lena-Marie, Yannick Waibel, and Thomas Grützner. "Experimental Investigation of Heat Losses in a Pilot-Scale Multiple Dividing Wall Distillation Column with Three Parallel Sections." ChemEngineering 7, no. 4 (2023): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering7040068.

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For an in-depth investigation of the separation process in small-scale distillation columns, knowledge about the exact vapor load inside the column is highly important. However, since columns with small diameters have a comparatively high surface-to-volume ratio, heat losses have a significant impact on fluid dynamics, as they lead to unwanted condensation, and thus, to changes in the internal flows. This work presents a procedure used to measure heat losses in a 9.6 m high distillation column with three partially parallel segments (multiple dividing wall column). The evaporator is made of sta

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15

Halding, Philip Skov. "Reduction of the Carbon Footprint of Precast Columns by Combining Normal and Light Aggregate Concrete." Buildings 12, no. 2 (2022): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12020215.

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To reduce the global emission of CO2 from the building industry, researchers, architects and manufacturers must consider new ways of constructing precast concrete buildings. Modern concrete columns and walls are not optimized to the applied load, and there is potential to save material. By creating a stronger column core and a lightweight concrete cover, it is possible to reduce the carbon footprint. A method is proposed to calculate such eccentrically loaded columns of two or more materials. The analytical method is developed for straight columns and columns with Entasis. Production of curved

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16

Li, Yeou-Fong, Yan-Jie Lin, Cheng-Wei Chen, and Chih-Tsung Lin. "Theoretical and experimental studies on repaired and rehabilitated reinforced concrete frames." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 34, no. 8 (2007): 923–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l07-012.

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In this paper, an effective repair and rehabilitation working method is proposed for moderately damaged reinforced concrete (RC) building structures after major earthquakes. Three RC frames with nil, half-height, and full-height brick walls are designed and tested at the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering (NCREE), Taiwan. After the columns of these nonductile RC frames are damaged, steel wire cables with nonshrinkage mortar are used to repair the damaged columns, and carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) are used to rehabilitate the damaged columns. A stress–strain relati

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17

Tripura, D. D., and K. D. Singh. "Mechanical behaviour of rammed earth column: A comparison between unreinforced, steel and bamboo reinforced columns." Materiales de Construcción 68, no. 332 (2018): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/mc.2018.11517.

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This paper presents an experimental study on the behavior of cement stabilized rammed earth (CSRE) column reinforced with steel under axial loading and its comparison with unreinforced and bamboo reinforced columns. Effects of structural parameters such as tie / stirrup spacing on the failure pattern, lateral and axial deformation of columns are studied. Test results show that the load-capacity of columns increases with increase in lateral / tie reinforcement ratio. Maximum axial and lateral deformations occur in columns with least tie spacing. Behavior of CSRE columns reinforced with close ti

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18

Krupčík, Ján, Ivan Skačáni, Eva Benická, and Pat Sandra. "Dependence of Gas Chromatographic Retention Data of Hydrocarbons on the Film Thickness of the Polydimethylsiloxane Stationary Phase." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 59, no. 11 (1994): 2390–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19942390.

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Kovats indices of cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons, separated by capillary gas liquid chromatography on polydimethylsiloxane capillary columns, were found to increase with increasing stationary phase film thickness. This effect is explained in terms of adsorption of the stationary phase on the active sites of the inner surface of the capillary column. Since the number of active sites is limited, the overall polarity of the polydimethylsiloxane stationary phase is better defined in columns with thick stationary phase films. Interlaboratory reproducibility of retention indices of cyclic and arom

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19

Hilo, Salam J., Mohammed J. Hamood, Alaa Hussein Al-Zuhairi, et al. "Structural Performance of Internally Stiffened Double-Skinned Profiled Composite Walls with Openings." Buildings 13, no. 6 (2023): 1499. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13061499.

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The double-skin profiled composite wall (DSPCW) system, filled with concrete material, is favorable in modern structures due to its high strength and ductility. Openings may be required within this composite wall (DSPCW) for various reasons, similar to a conventional bearing wall, which can lead to a reduction in bearing capacity. Therefore, to avoid changes in the geometry, materials, and thickness of this DSPCW wall, a new internally stiffening concept has been suggested by providing embedded cold-formed steel tube (CFST) columns. For this purpose, two full-scale DSPCW specimens were tested

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20

Xu, Ming, Yong Qin Yao, Liang Chen, and Zhong Fan Chen. "Experimental Study on Seismic Behavior of Cold-Formed Thin-Walled Steel R.C.Shear Wall." Advanced Materials Research 446-449 (January 2012): 708–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.446-449.708.

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CTSRC (cold-formed thin-walled steel reinforced concrete) shear walls system studied herein is made up of cold-formed steel and concrete. Five shear walls were tested quasi-statically under low cyclic lateral loads. The characteristics including failure modes, hysteretic characteristics, ductility and stiffness degradation are investigated. Analytical result indicates that, the CTSRC shear wall structure possess adequate bearing capacity, good seismic performance and high ductility. Stirrup ratio of the restrained side columns had no significant influence on wall’s bearing capacity, but walls

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21

Andreini, Marco, Anna de Falco, Linda Giresini, and Mauro Sassu. "Seismic Consolidation of ’60s Pilotis R.C. Building for Social Housings with SCC-Steel Shear Walls." Applied Mechanics and Materials 638-640 (September 2014): 1937–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.638-640.1937.

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The reinforcement of a r.c. building for social housing has been achieved by using Steel-Concrete Composite (SCC) walls at the ground floor, preceded by temporary brick pillars for structural deficiency to vertical loads, due to the poor load capacity of the r.c. columns. The SCC walls have been realized first by placing steel columns on both sides of the existing pillars and, after removal of the temporary brick piers, by merging the steel columns in the cast of the new walls. The top of the walls has been connected to the upper floor in order to ensure the diffusion of the seismic forces. Fo

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22

Adebar, Perry, Poureya Bazargani, James Mutrie, and Denis Mitchell. "Safety of gravity-load columns in shear wall buildings designed to Canadian standard CSA A23.3." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 37, no. 11 (2010): 1451–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l10-075.

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It has been a Canadian code requirement for 25 years to check whether concrete gravity-load columns can tolerate the building deformations due to the design earthquake; but the way this has typically been done using linear analysis significantly underestimates the seismic demands on gravity-load columns. Concern about the safety of gravity-load columns over the plastic hinge height of concrete shear walls, particularly elongated wall-like gravity-load columns, has resulted in new design requirements in Update No. 3 of Canadian Standard Association (CSA) A23.3–04 issued in August 2009. The curr

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23

Lee, Sungho, Sangdae Kim, and Taehun Ha. "A Comparative Field Monitoring of Column Shortenings in Tall Buildings Using Wireless and Wired Sensor Network Systems." Journal of Sensors 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9393281.

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A comparative field measurement for column shortening of tall buildings is presented in this study, with a focus on the reliability and stability of a wireless sensor network. A wireless sensor network was used for monitoring the column shortenings of a 58-story building under construction. The wireless sensor network, which was composed of sensor and master nodes, employed the ultra-high-frequency band and CDMA communication methods. To evaluate the reliability and stability of the wireless sensor network system, the column shortenings were also measured using a conventional wired monitoring

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24

Tao, Yu, Chao Gong, Sumei Zhang, Xiaozhong Li, Xiao Tan, and Junjie Hu. "Axial Compressive Behavior of Cross-Shaped CFST Stub Columns with Steel Bar Truss Stiffening." Materials 16, no. 11 (2023): 4147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16114147.

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Concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) columns have been widely used in residential buildings due to their high bearing capacity, good ductility, and reliable seismic performance. However, conventional circular, square, or rectangular CFST columns may protrude from the adjacent walls, resulting in inconvenience in terms of the arrangement of furniture in a room. In order to solve the problem, special-shaped CFST columns, such as cross-shaped, L-shaped, and T-shaped columns, have been suggested and adopted in engineering practice. These special-shaped CFST columns have limbs with the same width as t

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25

Rautenbach, A. J., and G. Kornelius. "Mass transfer parameters in spray columns." Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie 8, no. 2 (1989): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/satnt.v8i2.870.

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To determine mass transfer parameters in spray columns the spray characteristics are required. A photographic technique that allows determination of these characteristics of wash oil sprayed through solid nozzles is described. Special precautions had to be taken because wash oil rendered the column walls opaque. Results are given for a specific nozzle as function of liquid and countercurrent gas flow rate.

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Netrattana, Chanipa, Rafik Taleb, Hidekazu Watanabe, et al. "Assessment of ultimate drift capacity of RC shear walls by key design parameters." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 50, no. 4 (2017): 482–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.50.4.482-493.

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The latest version of the Standard for Structural Calculation of Reinforced Concrete Structures, published by the Architectural Institute of Japan in 2010 [1], allows the design of shear walls with rectangular cross sections in addition to shear walls with boundary columns at the end regions (referred to here as “barbell shape”). In recent earthquakes, several reinforced concrete (RC) shear walls were damaged by flexural failures through concrete compression crushing accompanied with buckling of longitudinal reinforcement in the boundary areas. Damage levels have clearly been shown to be relat

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27

Deng, Hongyu, and Baitao Sun. "Finite Element Modeling and Mechanical Behavior of Masonry-Infilled RC Frame." Open Civil Engineering Journal 10, no. 1 (2016): 76–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149501610010076.

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During the analysis of reinforced concrete structures, the infill wall is usually simplified as a diagonal inclined strut to facilitate finite element modeling calculations. However, the actual seismic damage and single frame-filled wall pushover experimental results show that when the earthquake shear force is huge, the top of the infill wall and the beam–column connections are usually, thus the path of the force transfer will be changed. Based on this actual failure phenomenon, a new calculation model which has different contact position between the equivalent bracing walls and the frame col

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28

Simões, Yagho S., Fabio M. Rocha, and Jorge Munaiar Neto. "Numerical analysis of steel columns subjected to fire." Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures 15, no. 2 (2019): 387–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mmms-06-2018-0117.

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Purpose Isolated steel columns, when exposed to high temperatures, lose strength in a few minutes due to the high thermal conductivity of its constituent material. When these structural elements are embedded in walls, the response to exceptional action is altered so that the compartmentation offers an increase in the fire resistance of the columns. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the behavior of steel columns inserted in walls subject to thermal action in a numerical context. Design/methodology/approach For this purpose, the computational code ABAQUS version 6.14, which appl

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29

Wang, Shao Jie, Fu Sheng Liu, Tong Sun, Shun Ke Zhang, and Hong Bin Wang. "Experimental Study on the Axial Compression Capacity of Condensed Column in Composite Masonry Wall." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 578–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.578.

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On the basis of summary and analysis of the characteristics of concrete hollow blocks and composite masonry walls, this paper puts forward the concept of composite masonry wall with condensed core columns. Regarding the distance between core columns (s=600mm and s=1200mm) as the main influencing factors, two composite masonry walls were designed and built to carry out the axial compression capacity experimental study. The results of the study show that the composite masonry wall with condensed core columns can greatly improve the ultimate axial compression capacity of the wall, delay the fract

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Wang, Fei, Kaozhong Zhao, Jianwei Zhang, and Kai Yan. "Influence of Different Types of Infill Walls on the Hysteretic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Frames." Buildings 11, no. 7 (2021): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11070310.

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To study the influence of masonry infill walls on the hysteretic performance of reinforced concrete frames, a cyclic experiment was conducted for three two-story and two-span reinforced concrete frame structures, including one reinforced concrete frame without infill walls and two frames with infill walls. Whether the infill walls were constructed in the frames and the type of infilled material were the main parameters of the test. The major results reveal that: the infill walls clearly changed the mechanical mechanism of the frame structure at the early stage of loading, magnified the stiffne

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Sun, Renhong, Yiwu Lin, and Fuxin Hou. "Construction Technology of Steel Structure Prefabricated Panel Wall." Academic Journal of Science and Technology 7, no. 1 (2023): 118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ajst.v7i1.11190.

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Prefabricated steel structure buildings and prefabricated partition walls generally have many joints and pores. Therefore, prefabricated steel structure prefabricated panel walls and steel structures can achieve high air tightness requirements, which can be solved by deepening the connection between prefabricated panel walls and steel columns, steel beams, and gaps, and conducting air tightness treatment. Based on an example of a steel structure residential building project in Yinzhou District, Ningbo, this article focuses on introducing the connection details and gap treatment of prefabricate

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32

Dong, Hong Ying, Wan Lin Cao, and Jian Wei Zhang. "Experimental Study on the Torsional Behavior of RC Composite Core Walls with Steel Tube-Reinforced Concrete Columns and Concealed Steel Trusses Subjected to the Combined Action of Multi-Directional Stresses." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 1612–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.1612.

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An experimental study on the torsional behavior of two 1/6 scale core walls: one reinforced concrete core wall with concealed steel trusses and steel tube-reinforced concrete columns, and one normal reinforced concrete core wall, was carried out under eccentric horizontal cyclic loading. The torsional load-bearing capacity, torsional angle ductility, torsional hysteresis characteristics, torsional stiffness and its deterioration process, torsional energy dissipation and damage characteristics of the two specimens are herein discussed. Results show that the torsional performance of RC core wall

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33

Fouad, Marco, Mohamed N. Fayed, Gehan A. Hamdy, and Amr Abdelrahman. "Effect of Blast Loading on Seismically Detailed RC Columns and Buildings." Civil Engineering Journal 7, no. 8 (2021): 1406–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2021-03091733.

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Explosions caused by standoff charges near buildings have drastic effects on the internal and external structural elements which can cause loss of life and fatal injuries in case of failure or collapse of the structural element. Providing structural elements with blast resistance is therefore gaining increasing importance. This paper presents numerical investigation of RC columns with different reinforcement detailing subjected to near-field explosions. Detailed finite element models are made using LS-DYNA software package for several columns having seismic and conventional reinforcement detai

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Shi, Ke, Mengyue Zhang, Pengfei Li, et al. "Seismic Behavior of Steel-Fiber-Reinforced High-Strength Concrete Shear Wall with CFST Columns: Experimental Investigation." Fibers 9, no. 11 (2021): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib9110075.

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To improve the seismic behavior of shear walls, a new composite shear wall composed of a steel-fiber-reinforced high-strength concrete (SFRHC) web and two square concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) columns, namely a steel-fiber-reinforced concrete shear wall with CFST columns, is proposed in this paper. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to present an experimental investigation of the seismic behavior of the SFRHC shear wall with CFST columns. Pseudo-static tests were carried out on seven composite shear walls, and the seismic performance of the shear walls was studied and quantified i

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Liu, Jing Bo, Dong Dong Zhao, and Wen Hui Wang. "Seismic Analysis of Typical Cut-and-Cover Subway Stations in Beijing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 90-93 (September 2011): 2200–2206. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.90-93.2200.

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To obtain the seismic responses of typical subway stations in Beijing, a nonlinear analysis was conducted using a pushover method for seismic analysis and design of underground structures. The analysis mainly focuses on stress in columns and side walls and relative displacement between top and bottom slabs under 3 different levels of PGA (peak ground acceleration). From the analysis, the column shows good ductility due to its high ratio of reinforcement, and it has a good performance under strong motions. Compared with columns, side walls suffer from brittle failure and lose bearing capacity p

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Zhang, Jian Wei, Wan Lin Cao, Hong Ying Dong, and Gang Li. "Experimental Study on Seismic Performance of Mid-Rise Composite Shear Walls with CFT Columns and Embedded Steel Plate." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 2274–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.2274.

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The shear wall with concrete filled steel tube (CFT) columns and steel plate is a new kind of composite shear wall. In order to know its seismic performance and failure mechanism, six 1/5 scale specimens with the same shear span ratio 1.5, including 3 steel plate shear walls (SPSWs) with CFT columns and 3 reinforced concrete shear walls (RCSWs) with CFT columns and embedded steel plate, were tested under cyclic loading. The thickness of the steel plates in the shear walls changed from 2mm, 4mm to 6mm. Based on the experiment, the load-carrying capacity, hysteresis characteristics, ductility, s

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Wang, Xinquan, Xiao Li, Cong Zhu, et al. "Full-Scale Experimental Study on Prefabricated Greening Ecological Retaining Walls." Sustainability 14, no. 19 (2022): 11841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141911841.

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Prefabricated walls are frequently utilized as retaining structures in different applications. A new type of prefabricated greening ecological retaining wall (PGERW) is proposed in this research. Full-scale tests and numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the stress characteristics of the PGERW. To this end, the load–stress relationship, load–displacement relationship, and crack development of the retaining wall columns were carefully evaluated. It was found that when the load acting on the 3 m high column reached the ultimate load-bearing capacity (about 150 kN), an “arc + 7”-sha

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Wang, Bo, Xun Guo, Yue Xuan, Xiao-Qing Fan, and Bo Chen. "The Effects of Infilled Walls on Seismic Performance of RC Frame Structures with Eccentrically Placed Open Corridor." Sustainability 14, no. 9 (2022): 5299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14095299.

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In this paper, an RC frame model with infilled walls was built and tested, including by a modal test, percussion test and shaking table test, the prototype of which was a collapsed teaching building with an eccentrically placed open corridor during the Wenchuan Earthquake in Xuankou Middle School. The natural frequency of the model was obtained by microseism testing, and the contribution of the infilled walls with different openings to the lateral stiffness of the model was discussed. In addition, the damping ratio, strain responses and internal force distribution of the columns were analysed

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Fan, Yang, and Wang Ying. "Experimental Study on Seismic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Frame Columns Supported with Post-build Wing Walls." Open Civil Engineering Journal 11, no. 1 (2017): 82–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149501711010082.

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Six specimens of concrete frame columns reinforced by post-build wing walls on the opposite faces were designed and fabricated to investigate their seismic performance. Axial compression ratio was considered as the critical factor and divided into 0.31, 0.36, and 0.40 before reinforcement. HRB400 steel grade was used to the longitudinal bar and the ratio of longitudinal reinforcement divided into 1.23%, 1.05% and 0.82%, stirrup reinforcement ratio was 0.6%, and the stirrups were made by HPB300 steel grade. To meet with requirement of ‘strong shear, weak bending’, the ratio of the shear span to

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Zhang, Yu, Jun Guo, Lu Cheng, and Rui Liu. "Study on Bearing Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Columns Strengthened by Adding Wing Walls." Advanced Materials Research 446-449 (January 2012): 561–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.446-449.561.

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Wenchuan Earthquake has caused substantial damage to reinforced concrete columns, in order to improve their lateral stiffness, wing walls are added to repair and strengthen the columns. Based on engineering practice, the mechanical calculations of normal section bearing capacity on damaged reinforced concrete columns strengthened by wing walls have been conducted, and based on the N-M curves of various special-shaped columns, the influence laws of different azimuths and different axial compression ratios on bearing capacity of normal section have been analyzed, therefore mechanical properties

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Dong, Hong Ying, Wan Lin Cao, and Jian Wei Zhang. "Application and Experimental Study on Seismic Behavior of Composite Core Walls with STRC Columns." Advanced Materials Research 446-449 (January 2012): 395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.446-449.395.

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According to the structural design in a project in Dalian, experimental study on seismic behavior of composite core walls with steel tube-reinforced concrete (STRC) columns were carried out. Five 1/6 scale composite core wall specimens with different steel reinforced details in the walls and different openings on the walls were designed and tested under cyclic loading. Based on the experiment, hysteretic property, load-carrying capacity, ductility, energy dissipation capacity and damage characteristics of the five specimens were compared and analyzed. The results show that the core walls with

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Al-Saidy, A. H., A. W. Hago, S. El-Gamal, and M. Dawood. "Strengthening of Historical Stone Masonry Buildings in Oman using Textile Reinforced Mortars." Journal of Engineering Research [TJER] 14, no. 1 (2017): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/tjer.vol14iss1pp23-38.

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Most historical buildings and structures in Oman were built using unreinforced stone masonry. Such structures are prone to damage from seismic activity as these structures have negligible resistance to tensile stresses. This paper presents an exploration of the physical and chemical properties of local building materials and the results of experiments with a new strengthening technique using textile reinforced mortar. Limestone and Sarooj were the main building materials used historically in these buildings. Sarooj is a local Omani term for artificial pozzolana produced by calcining clays. Two

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Rahman, Taimur. "Unsupervised Machine Learning-Driven Assessment of Infill Wall Systems for Structural Performance in Soft Stories." Journal of Structural Technology 9, no. 3 (2024): 8–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.46610/jost.2024.v09i03.003.

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Infill wall systems have been extensively studied as potential solutions to mitigate the adverse effects of stiffness irregularity in soft-storey structures. This research leverages unsupervised machine learning techniques, specifically clustering algorithms, to analyze and compare the mechanical behavior of different columns in a nine-storey unsymmetrical reinforced concrete building subjected to seismic loading. The primary objective is to assess the effectiveness of various infill wall systems, including 5-inch and 10-inch wide brick walls and 5-inch, 7.5-inch, and 10-inch wide concrete wal

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BASHIR, ABDELRAHIM ABDALLA. "Performance of Structures with Floating Columns System Subjected to Lateral Loads." FES Journal of Engineering Sciences 10, no. 1 (2021): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.52981/fjes.v10i1.538.

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Increasing population and scarcity of spaces in commercial districts, especially in the city center where crowding and number of cars require more parking spaces, and also the need for large areas un-interrupted by columns within the building, it was essential to find innovative structural design to fulfill these requirements. This was achieved by abandoning the continuity of some columns and replacing them with transfer beams that transfer their loads to the adjacent columns. In this paper the effect of wind loads on a building containing a floating column has been studied using ETABS program

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Kabeyasawa, Toshikazu, Tomohisa Mukai, Hiroshi Fukuyama, Haruhiko Suwada, and Hiroto Kato. "Full-scale testing of reinforced concrete frame buildings with attached walls considering damage control design." Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 50, no. 4 (2017): 586–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.50.4.586-594.

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Static loading tests on two full-scale reinforced concrete buildings were conducted at Building Research Institute in 2014 and 2015 to verify the effectiveness of damage control design utilizing walls. The tested buildings were five-storeys high with two bays in the direction of loading. The 2014 specimen was a moment resisting frame consisting of beams and columns with wing walls. The 2015 specimen contained wing walls, spandrels and hanging walls attached to the columns and beams. The measured strengths were much higher than the calculated strength of the bare frame without these walls. The

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Liu, Chao, Xiangyun Nong, Fengjian Zhang, Zonggang Quan, and Guoliang Bai. "Experimental Study on the Seismic Performance of Recycled Concrete Hollow Block Masonry Walls." Applied Sciences 9, no. 20 (2019): 4336. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9204336.

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This paper aims to manufacture recycled concrete hollow block (RCHB) which can be used for the masonry structure with seismic requirements. Five RCHB masonry walls were tested under cyclic loading to evaluate the effect of the axial compression stress, aspect ratio, and the materials of structural columns on the seismic performance. Based on the test results, the failure pattern, hysteresis curves, lateral drift, ductility, stiffness degradation, and the energy dissipation of the specimens were analyzed in detail. The results showed that with the increase of aspect ratios, the ductility of RCH

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Anandu Sreeraj, V. Vasugi, and Bindu Sunil. "Structural Optimization for Asymmetric Framed Structures without Shear Walls." Electronic Journal of Structural Engineering 20 (June 1, 2020): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.56748/ejse.20245.

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This paper proposes a method for the preliminary arrangement of columns having variable sizes on an asymmetric plan, such that the resulting structure will have minimum torsion. Asymmetry can be due to shape of the plan as well as arrangement of columns having variable sizes. This study shows the influence of first three modes in determining the structural behavior of RCC framed buildings during earthquake. The time periods were approximately calculated by using 3D-shear-torsion beam method. The optimization was done using Genetic algorithm in Matlab. The seismic performance of general asymmet

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Wang, Xinquan, Cong Zhu, Hongguo Diao, and Yingjie Ning. "Structural Behavior of Prefabricated Ecological Grid Retaining Walls and Application in a Highway in China." Symmetry 13, no. 5 (2021): 746. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13050746.

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The retaining wall is a common slope protection structure. To tackle the current lack of sustainable and highly prefabricated retaining walls, an environmentally friendly prefabricated ecological grid retaining wall with high construction efficiency has been developed. Due to the asymmetrical condition of the project considered in this paper, the designed prefabricated ecological grid retaining wall was divided into the excavation section and the filling section. By utilizing the ABAQUS finite element software, the stress and deformation characteristics of the retaining wall columns, soil, anc

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Wang, Shu Li, Man Gen Mu, Dun Wu Chen, and Geng Ren. "Field Design of Jet Grouting Parameters on Soilcrete Columns." Applied Mechanics and Materials 170-173 (May 2012): 3068–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.170-173.3068.

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Method of jet grouting has become one of the ground improvement technologies used to address seepage concerns and to provide strength improvement of soils. The soilcrete columns can be also used to form seepage vertical cut-off walls from a series of continuous and interconnected vertical columns in deep pit. If the native soil is not completely mixed with slurry, the resulting columns will have soil inclusions which can increase the permeability of the column or fail barrier to water flow. Specifications of soilcrete columns that are achieved from the jet grouting procedures from the diameter

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Xu, Qinghu, Xuezhi Zhen, Yu Zhang, Mengjun Han, and Wenkang Zhang. "Numerical Simulation Study of Progressive Collapse of Reinforced Concrete Frames with Masonry Infill Walls under Blast Loading." Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 2022 (November 11, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1781415.

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The influence of masonry infill walls on the progressive collapse performance of reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures was investigated in this paper, using a nonlinear dynamic analysis approach. Based on ANSYS/LS-DYNA finite element software, two finite element models of RC frame structures with and without masonry infilled walls were established. Then, the collapse modes of the two RC frame structure models were analyzed for different scaled distance blast loads, different locations of column damage, and different span numbers. The results show that with the increase of explosive amount,

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