Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'WAP'

Problema – daug agentų technologiją nagrinėjančių straipsnių ir kitų rašto darbų, tačiau mažai sukurtų realių programų, naudojančių ją. Neaiškus agentų technologijos panaudojimas ir pritaikymas mobiliojoje komercijoje, nedidelis susidomėjimas iš verslo pusės. Neaiški padėtis agentų platformos rinkoje. Darbo tikslas – agentų technologijos panaudojimo mobiliosios komercijos kontekste analizė. Spręsti uždaviniai: - agentų platformų kokybinę ir kiekybinę analizė; - mobiliosios komercijos sistemos modelio sukūrimas; - modelio realizavimas suprogramuojant sistemą. Darbo metodai – agentų platformų kokybinė (literatūros analizė) ir kiekybinė analizė (atlikti programiniai testai), prototipo realizavimas. Išvados. Mobiliosios komercijos sistemos prototipu, sukurtu naudojant agentų technologiją, parodyta, kad pati agentų technologija yra gyvybinga ir jos atsisakyta per anksti. Sukurtas sistemos prototipas gali būti panaudotas praktikoje ir atnešti naudą.
Main problem – there is a lot of work done which studies agent technology. But taken in comparison, there is much less real software created using this technology. Not obvious use of agent technology leads to a little or even no attention from business. Furthermore, not clear situation in agent platforms market reduces it drastically. Work objective – analysis of agent technology use in mobile commerce context. Solved problems: - Qualitative and quantative analysis of agent platforms. - Creation of mobile commerce system model. - Model implementation. Conclusion. With creation of mobile commerce system prototype, which uses agent technology, it is shown that agent technology is viable and this technology should not be rejected to early. Created system prototype can be used in practise. One can benefit from using it.

Gemeinsamer Workshop von Universitaetsrechenzentrum und Professur "Rechnernetze und verteilte Systeme" der Fakultaet fuer Informatik der TU Chemnitz. Workshop-Thema: Mobilitaet Der Vortrag stellt die Software wapsh/htsh vor. Damit ist ist der Zugang zu einer Shell auf einer Unix-Maschine über einen Web- oder WAP-Browser möglich. Es wird untersucht, ob und wie diese Software für den Einsatz im URZ zur "mobile system administration" geeignet ist.

Um dos actuais desafios da Internet surge a partir do momento que a tecnologia WAP permite a utilização de dispositivos móveis para aceder à informação disponível na Internet formatada de acordo com uma especificação própria. Mas os dispositivos móveis apenas podem aceder a conteúdos multimédia projectados de acordo com uma especificação que difere daquela que é usada para disponibilizar conteúdos para os computadores pessoais. E como um dos actuais entraves para o sucesso da tecnologia WAP é sem dúvida a escassez de conteúdos quando comparada com quantidade de informação Web. É portanto necessário criar mecanismos de enriquecimento através da adaptação da informação existente na Web ou simplesmente através do desenvolvimento de conteúdos próprios. Esta dissertação tem como objectivo apresentar uma aplicação responsável pela adaptação automática de conteúdos disponibilizados na World Wide Web para o ambiente WAP, e assim permitir que os utilizadores móveis possam aceder a informação que até agora era acessível apenas a computadores pessoais. Para efectuar o desenvolvimento dessa aplicação foi necessário investigar os métodos e técnicas associados ao processo de conversão da linguagem de formatação dos documentos da Web (HTML) para a linguagem de formatação normalizada para o ambiente WAP (WML). One of the current challenges of the Internet derives from the fact that the WAP technology allows the use of mobile devices to access information available on the Internet shaped according to a specific standard. However mobile devices only access multimedia content if it is configured according to a standard which differs from that used for personal computers. And one of the existing obstacles for the success of WAP technology is, without any doubt, the lack of content when compared to the quantity of information available in the Web. It is therefore necessary to create packages to adapt the existing Web information or simply to allow the development of dedicated content. This thesis has got the main purpose of introducing a package for the automatic conversion of content available on the World Wide Web to the WAP environment, and thus allow mobile users to have access to information that until now was only available through personal computers. In order to accomplish the development of this package, it was necessary to investigate methods and techniques that may be used in the process of converting Web documents language (HTML) to WAP standard language (WML). L’un des actuels défis de l’internet apparaît dès le moment où la technologie WAP permet l’utilisation de dispositifs mobiles pour accéder à l’information disponible à l’internet dont la formatation suit une spécification déterminée. Mais les dispositifs mobiles peuvent seulement accéder à des contenus multimédias avec une spécification qui est différente de celle qui est usée pour mettre à la disposition des contenus d’ordinateurs personnels. Et comme un des actuels obstacles pour le succès de la technologie WAP est, sans doute, la rareté des contenus comparativement à la quantité d’information Web, il faut, donc, créer des mécanismes d’enrichissement avec l’adaptation de l’information Web existante ou simplement avec le développement de contenus spécifiques. Cette dissertation a pour objectif présenter une application responsable par l’adaptation automatique de contenus mis à disposition à la World Wide Web pour WAP, et, de cette manière, permettre que les utilisateurs de mobiles puissent accéder à l’information qui jusqu’ici était seulement accessible par des ordinateurs personnels. Pour effectuer le développement de cette application, il a été nécessaire de chercher les méthodes et les techniques associés au procès de conversion du langage utilisé pour formater des documents de la Web (HTML) en langage de formatation normalisée de WAP (WML).

This master thesis consists of three parts. The first part contains a summary of what is needed to understand a X.509 parser that I have created, a discussion concerning the technical problems I encountered during the programming of this parser and a discussion concerning the final version of the parser. The second part concerns a comparison I made between the X.509 parser I created and a X.509 parser created"automatically"by a compiler. I tested static memory, allocation of memory during runtime and utilization of the CPU for both my parser (MP) and the parser that had a basic structure constructed by a compiler (OAP). I discuss changes in the parsers involved to make the comparison fair to OAP, the results from the tests and when circumstances such as time and non-standard content in the project make one way of constructing a X.509 parser better than the other way. The last part concerns a WTLS parser (a simpler kind of X.509 parser), which I created.

Gemeinsamer Workshop von Universitaetsrechenzentrum und Professur "Rechnernetze und verteilte Systeme" der Fakultaet fuer Informatik der TU Chemnitz. Workshop-Thema: Mobilitaet Dieser Vortrag vermittelt eine Uebersicht zu den derzeit verwendeten Technologien, um Inhalte auf mobilen Endgeraeten darzustellen. Speziell geht es dabei um vergleichende Betrachtungen zwischen WAP (WML) und i-Mode (cHTML). Ferner werden potentielle Entwicklungsmoeglichkeiten unter dem Einfluss von XHTML Basic, XML und XSL aufgezeigt.

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Computação.
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Mobiltelefonianvändningen har sedan början av 2000-talet haft en stark tillväxt och till-sammans med utvecklade tekniker ifrån Internet uppstod förutsättningar för en ny marknad – mobilt Internet. Europa, Nord Amerika och Japan ledde utvecklingen. Europa och Nord Amerika utvecklade Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) medan ett japanskt företag NTT DoCoMos utvecklade ett eget system – i-mode – som dominerar den japanska marknaden idag. Detta medan WAP-användningen ej blev den succé man hade hoppats på och användningen av WAP är ej speciellt hög idag, trots att de flesta mobiltelefoner i Sverige har stöd för WAP.

Syftet med denna rapport är att förklara utifrån ett användarperspektiv varför WAP-användningen är låg i Sverige samt hur i-mode kunde lyckas så väl på den japanska mark-naden. Rapporten syftar också till att undersöka befintliga mobilanvändares behov angående mobilt Internet och upptäcka ifall i-mode möter dessa behov. En jämförelse skall också ske av hur WAP och i-mode har marknadsförts. Resultatet skall förklara varför majoriteten av svenska mobilanvändare ej använder WAP.

Forskningen inledes med en litteraturstudie. Med denna litteraturstudie som stöd så valde vi att genomföra en enkätundersökning för att upptäcka den utvalda populationens behov och användninsgrad av mobilt Internet. Utfallen från enkätundersökningen analyserades tillsammans med teorier och det tillsammans skapade resultatet.

• Människor i Sverige tenderar till att använda internet hemma istället.

• WAP-användning är dyrt och långsamt idag.

• Kunskapen om WAP bland det svenska folket är dålig.

• Med vår forskning som utgångspunkt så finns det inget behov för mobilt Internet.

Det låga användandet av mobilt Internet förklaras främst med att de svenska användarna utnyttjar tillgången av Internet hemma. Detta ser inte vi som en egentlig orsak utan mer som ett resultat av de brister som mobilt Internet uppvisar. Större delen av dessa behov klarar ej en i-mode implementation i Sverige av att tillfredsställa i dagsläget. Därför ser vi ej i-mode som ett alternativ idag. Däremot anser vi att om i-mode kan marknadsföra sig som i Japan – som ett komplett system med unika funktioner – istället för en komprimerad ver-sion av internet, så kan i-mode vara ett fullvärdigt alternativ då tekniken redan finns för en implementation i Sverige.

Since the beginning of the 21st century mobile phone usage has had a big growth. Together with developed techniques from the Internet conditions for a new market emerged – mobile Internet. Europe, North America and Japan took the lead in this development. Europe and North America developed Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) whilst a Japanese company, NTT DoCoMo, developed their own standard – i-mode – which is dominating the Japanese market today. WAP on the other hand was not a success at all and the usage is still low today in Sweden, even though almost all mobile phones support WAP.

The purpose of this thesis is to, from a user perspective, explain why the WAP usage is so low in Sweden and also explain how i-mode became such a success on the Japanese market. In the thesis we will research mobile phone users needs regarding mobile Internet, and if those needs can be applied to i-mode functionality. We will also compare WAP and i-mode marketing. The result will then explain why the majority of Swedish mobile phone owners do not use WAP.

We started out with a literature study, which became the base of our chosen method; a survey. Thus to discover the chosen populations’ needs, demands and degree of usage of mobile Internet. A result was created from the survey data and theories.

• People in Sweden tend to use Internet at home instead.

• WAP usage today is expensive and has slow bandwidth.

• The knowledge about WAP is poor among the Swedish population.

• There is no need for mobile Internet in Sweden according to our research.

The low mobile Internet usage can mainly be explained with that people in Sweden rather use Internet at home. We are convinced that this is not the main reason though, since this result emerged because of WAPs faults and weaknesses. The majority of these demands can not be satisfied by an i-mode implementation. That is why we do not see i-mode as an alternative to WAP in Sweden. Although if i-mode could use another approach in their marketing they may succeed – like a stand-alone system with unique functions. Using this approach instead of marketing the service as a light version of the Internet, as we see today in WAP.

Le test de conformité est devenu une activité essentielle dans le cycle de développement des systèmes de communication. Ce test a pour but de s'assurer que le produit fini correspond bien à la spécification de référence. La méthodologie consiste à générer automatiquement un ensemble de tests de conformité, et à stimuler l'implantation sous test en injectant les séquences de tests, puis à comparer le comportement produit avec celui attendu par la spécification. Ces méthodes dites actives supposent qu'elles peuvent toujours Interagir avec l'implantation sous test. Or, cette technique n'est pas toujours possible dans les systèmes de protocoles en couche. De plus, le contrôle des entrées émises par le testeur pour stimuler l'implantation limite la détection de certaines erreurs qui peuvent se produire dans un environnement hostile. La phase de test monopolise le système et cela peut être coûteux pour les industriels. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons une approche passive non intrusive pour effectuer du test de conformité dans le cadre du domaine des protocoles de communication. Notre démarche de test passif est d'évaluer le comportement de l'implantation dans son environnement réel à travers une analyse des traces d'exécution produites. Elle s'organise autour de deux étapes complémentaires. Une première où des experts et/ou testeurs de protocoles définissent des propriétés fonctionnelles de conformité exigées par la spécification et exprimées dans le formalisme des invariants. Ces derniers sont vérifiés sur la spécification représentée sous forme d'une machine à états finis au moyen d'algorithmes effcaces afin de mesurer leur validité. La seconde étape s'intéresse à retrouver ses invariants dans les traces d'exécution issues de l'implantation sous test par reconnaissance de motifs afin d'établir un diagnostic sur le comportement de celle-ci. Nous prolongeons également le champ de l'applicabilité de la méthode proposée pour le test de conformité au test d'interopérabilité en étendant nos algorithmes. Nous enrichissons la syntaxe des invariants en introduisant le concept des signatures contextuelles qui offrent un cadre adapté pour considérer la partie donnée dans l'expression des invariants, le type de propriété défini, et d'autres notions telles que les états. Dans cette thèse, nous fournissions un outil de test que nous avons conçu pour éprouver et automatiser notre méthodologie de test passif sur l'implantation des couches du protocole réel WAP
Conformance testing became an essential activity in the life cycle of development of the communication systems. The purpose of this test is to guarantee that the finished product corresponds well to the specification of reference. The methodology used consists of an automated generation of conformance test suite from the specification that are applied on the implementation under test. The answers of the system are compared to those expected according to the test sequence. These methods known as active suppose that they can always interact with the implementation under test. However, this technique is not always possible in the systems of protocols in layer. Moreover, the control of the inputs emitted by the tester to stimulate the implementation limits the detection of certain errors which can occur in a hostile environment. Finally, the testing step can be costly as it monopolizes the system for a long time. In this thesis, we propose a none intrusive passive approach to perform conformance testing of communication protocols. Our passive testing method evaluates the behavior of the implementation in its real environment through an analysis of the real execution traces. This stepwise approach is divided in two steps. First, functional properties of the system are expressed by experts and/or testers by means of invariants. These properties are then checked against the specification (i. E. A Finite State Machine) of the system in order to ensure the validity of these properties. We have de_ned algorithms that conduct backward or forward search in the FSM. The second step consists of the checking of the properties on real execution traces of the implementation under test by pattern matching techniques. We extend the applicability of the proposed method for the conformance testing to the interoperability testing. We improve the expressiveness of our invariants by introducing the concept of the contextual signatures which other a framework adapted to consider the data part given in the invariants expression, the type of property defined, and other concepts such as the states. In this thesis, we provided a test tool that we designed to experiment and automate our passive testing methodology

Thesis (M.Eng. and S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, February 2001.
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 57).
The wireless web introduces new flexibility for World Wide Web users and service providers. Users can browse the web with a WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) enabled device such as a cellular phone or a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant)., while service providers can make their services available anytime and anywhere by exploiting the wireless features of the protocol. Moreover, service providers can also make their services available at all times with the proliferation of the internet enabled handheld devices. However, although WAP promises to provide anytime, anywhere flexibility, there are fundamental problems with the new technology facing service providers and users. One significant issue is the transition to the wireless web. For the user, WAP is too slow and browsing is not efficient. Moreover, for the service provider and internet businesses, transitioning their websites to the wireless domain is not very efficient either, for WAP introduces a new markup language, and has various limitations. In this thesis, develop various applications for improving the wireless experience for service providers and users. I introduce a solution for dynamic, on-the-fly conversion of a website for improved network performance, a tool for converting and managing a complete website to the wireless domain, and finally, a method to exploit caching of developed wireless sites also for improved network performance.
by Kareem A.H. Akhtar.
M.Eng.and S.B.

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The new economy stimulated by the bigger Internet participation as an interaction mean between people and business has been changing the companies¿ management routine. Nowadays, Internet access goes through telephones, in the houses and offices, or through nets of the Intranet kind, with the users in their working settings. The Internet personal access added, with mobility, surely will bring changes to our contacting form to the outside world as well as it will create a possibility of giving the customers a bigger variety of products and services. The present study aims are: (i) to verify the customers behaviours related to this new media, presented in the mobiles digital screens; (ii) to explore some of their main features, and (iii) to compare them with the other media features, as the radio and the TV ones. The applied research methodology was the data collecting through phone interviews. To obtain a Confidence Interval of 95%, 470 WAP, Internet, radio and TV current users¿ answers were gotten. To compare the media, the Fishbein multi-attributes model was used what possibilities to form comparative scores of the attributes built for the research. To mark the discussion concerning the public behaviour related to the differentiated use of the mentioned media out, the study produced uses the McLuhan theoretical reference (1969), specially concerning to his theoretical building, denominated hot and cold means. But this referential theoretic mark could not be supported by the accomplished quantitative study result. The comparison of built attribute scores averages has differentiated the hot media WAP, like radio, as well as the cold media one, like TV. This way, showing that the access new technology appearance, WAP, not only enlarges the Internet use, but also appoints to a new theoretic classification possibility to this new media. The accomplished quantitative research revealed that, through the user point of view, the ¿Contents¿ category is considered as one of the most important WAP aspects. The TV and the radio received significantly lower grades in this subject. The public considers that is important that the WAP information is ¿trustworthy¿, ¿easy¿ to find, ¿available¿, ¿sufficient¿ and that attends the ¿urgency¿ expected by the user. It was observed that the WAP score ¿emotion¿ is inferior to the radio and TV and superior to the Internet ones. But, the differences found are not significant. Considering the low score of importance given to the attributes group ¿emotion¿, is not recommended the WAP use as media when the emotional users aspects are wanted to be reached.
A nova economia, impulsionada pela maior participação da Internet como meio de interação entre pessoas e negócios, tem alterado a rotina da gestão das empresas. Atualmente o acesso à Internet acontece através de telefones fixos, nas casas e escritórios, ou através de redes tipo Intranet, com usuários no ambiente de trabalho. A inclusão do acesso pessoal à Internet, com mobilidade, certamente traz mudanças na forma como nos comunicamos com o mundo, além de permitir que se coloque à disposição dos consumidores uma grande variedade de novos produtos e serviços. O objetivo do presente estudo é: (i) verificar as atitudes dos consumidores em relação a esta nova mídia, apresentada nas telas dos telefones celulares digitais; (ii) explorar algumas de suas principais características, e (iii) compará-las com as das outras mídias, tais como o Rádio e a TV. A metodologia aplicada na pesquisa foi de levantamento de dados através de entrevistas telefônicas. Foram ouvidos 470 usuários atuais do WAP, Internet, Rádio e Televisão, para obtenção de Intervalo de Confiança de 95%. Para comparação de mídias usou-se o modelo multiatributos de Fishbein , que possibilita formar escores comparativos dos atributos construídos para a pesquisa. Para balizar a discussão a respeito da atitude do público no uso diferenciado das mídias abordadas, o trabalho produzido utiliza-se do referencial teórico de McLuhan (1969), especialmente na construção teórica por ele criada e denominada de meios quentes e meios frios. Porém, este marco teórico referencial não pôde ser sustentado pelo resultado do estudo quantitativo realizado. A comparação de médias dos escores dos atributos construídos diferenciou o Wap tanto de mídias quentes como o Rádio, quanto de mídias frias, como a TV. Mostrando, desta forma, que o surgimento da nova tecnologia de acesso, Wap, não apenas amplia o uso da Internet, como também aponta para a possibilidade da concepção de uma nova forma de classificação teórica para estas novas mídias. A pesquisa quantitativa realizada revelou que, do ponto de vista do usuário, a categoria ¿Conteúdo¿ é considerada como um dos aspectos mais importantes no Wap. A Televisão e o Rádio receberam notas significativamente menores nesta categoria. O público considera que é importante que a informação no Wap seja ¿Confiável¿, ¿Fácil¿ de encontrar, ¿Disponível¿, ¿Suficiente¿ e atenda à ¿Urgência¿ esperada pelo usuário. Verificou-se que o escore ¿Emoção¿ do Wap é inferior ao do Rádio e ao da Televisão e superior ao da Internet. Porém, as diferenças encontradas não são significativas. Considerando o baixo escore de importância dada ao grupo de atributos ¿Emoção¿, não é recomendável o uso do Wap como mídia quando se quer atingir aspectos emocionais dos usuários.

Apres avoir etabli les sequences des genes de la wap et de la caseine beta de lapin, la presence d'elements regulateurs en amont du site d'initiation de la transcription du gene de la wap a ete recherchee in vivo et in vitro. Les genes des hormones de croissance humaine ou bovine ont ete places sous la dependance des 6300 premieres paires de bases en amont du gene de la wap. Ces genes chimeres ont ete utilises pour obtenir des souris transgeniques. L'hormone se retrouve dans le lait des souris de toutes les lignees examinees, a une concentration elevee (superieure a 1 mg/ml) dans 13 cas sur 14. La glande mammaire est le site majeur d'expression du transgene. Dans certaines lignees, l'expression du transgene est limitee a la glande mammaire en fin de gestation et en lactation, et est donc strictement parallele a celle du gene wap endogene. Cependant, dans la majorite des lignees, il existe une faible expression ectopique du transgene. L'expression du gene cat place sous la dependance de longueurs variables de sequences situees en amont du gene de la wap, a ete etudiee apres transfection dans des cellules epitheliales mammaires primaires ou dans des cellules de la lignee mammaire hc11. Deux regions importantes, respectivement situees entre 1,8 et 3,0 kb et entre 3,0 et 6,3 kb, ont ainsi ete identifiees. De la meme facon, la presence d'elements de reponse aux glucocorticoides dans les 1800 premieres parties de bases, et d'elements de reponse a la prolactine dans les 3000 premieres paires de bases a ete mise en evidence

Denna rapport är resultatet av kursen Examensarbete i Informatik på Högskolan Dalarna. Examensarbetet är uppdelat i två delar. Ena delen har som syfte att ge en förstagångsanvändare en introduktion i Mobile.NET. Här beskrivs även vissa skillnader mot traditionell ASP. Andra delen, som uppfyller målet har varit att utveckla en tjänst som gör det möjligt att spela in tv-program på en dator från olika mobila enheter samt pc. Det arbete som föranlett rapporten har bestått av en egenhändigt framtagen metod som hämtat inspiration från Direct-modellen samt Polyas generella metod.Slutsatserna som framkommit är att det idag inte finns tillräckligt bra wap-tjänster som lockar allmänheten att wappa. Mobiltelefonen kommer till sin fulla rätt som en förlängd fjärr-kontroll, som kan integrera människan med hemmet på långa avstånd. För att utvecklingen av wap-tjänster ska ta fart krävs högre prestanda och nya idéer om tjänster. En tanke är att fler tjänster och nya idéer kommer ta fart nu när Microsoft släppt sitt utvecklingsverktyg Mobile Internet Toolkit. Nu behöver utvecklaren inte göra en tillämpning för varje mobilenhet. Kanske kommer denna rapport väcka en ny tanke om vad wap-tjänster kan göra.

Sequential pattern mining constitutes a basis for solution of problems in various domains like bio-informatics and web usage mining. Research on this field continues seeking faster algorithms. WAP-Tree based algorithms that emerged from web usage mining literature have shown a remarkable performance on single-item sequence databases. In this study, we investigated application of WAP-Tree based mining to multi-item sequential pattern mining and we designed an extension of WAP-Tree data structure for multi-item sequence databases, the MULTI-WAP-Tree. In addition, we propose a new mining strategy on WAP-Tree which involves a hybrid traversal strategy in possible sequences search space and a new early prunning idea called Sibling Principle on Pattern Tree. Two algorithms, FOF-PT and MULTI-FOF-PT, applying this strategy on WAP-Tree and MULTI-WAP-Tree respectively, are developed. Experiments showed that FOF-PT outperforms both other WAP-Tree based algorithms and PrefixSpan in terms of execution time. Moreover, experimental results revealed MULTI-FOF-PT finds patterns faster than PrefixSpan on dense multi-item sequence databases with small alphabets.

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Computação.
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Com o crescimento do uso de redes de computadores e do aumento da complexidade das aplicações envolvidas, a importância do uso de mecanismos e sistemas de gerenciamento de redes vem aumentando ao longo dos últimos anos. Várias arquiteturas e ferramentas de gerência de redes foram desenvolvidas, se destacando o modelo SNMP e, atualmente, o modelo de gerência WEB. O gerenciamento via WEB, trouxe a mobilidade ao administrador, no que se refere à interface entre o usuário que gerencia uma rede e o sistema de gerência da rede. Com o surgimento da tecnologia WAP, que é um conjunto de especificações para padronizar as interações entre equipamentos portáteis, como telefones celulares, e a Internet; há a possibilidade de incrementar a mobilidade promovida pela gerência via WEB: o WAP trouxe a característica da Mobilidade Sem Fio. Agora o administrador ou gerente de uma rede, poderá utilizar um telefone celular, por exemplo, para acompanhar o estado dessa rede. Este trabalho propôs um modelo de integração da tecnologia WAP, com o gerenciamento de redes TCP/IP, utilizando o protocolo SNMP e ferramentas gratuitas ou de domínio público, considerando as características do WAP e as limitações dos dispositivos, como telefones celulares

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o surgimento dos telefones celulares foi uma grande revolução nas telecomunicações, pois as pessoas poderiam se comunicar de qualquer lugar, mesmo em movimento. No entanto, a grande demanda obrigou a criação de novos sistemas digitais de telefonia, com mais qualidade nas ligações, capacidade de transmissão de voz, dentre outros. Posteriormente, surgiu uma demanda que não queria apenas mais qualidade, mas também a disponibilização de serviços disponíveis a partir do celular. Isto originou o uso da tecnologia WAP. Focalizando o estudo no mercado brasileiro, a tecnologia WAP foi anunciada como a responsável por trazer a Internet utilizada nos computadores convencionais diretamente para o celular. Entretanto, diversos problemas relativos ao uso e custo desta tecnologia indicaram claras desvantagens da Internet no celular em comparação com a Internet convencional. Isto tomou a tecnologia W AP um fracasso de crítica no Brasil. Esta dissertação busca comprovar o fracasso da la versão da tecnologia W AP - W AP 1.0 - e a participação dos modelos de negócios utilizados na derrocada desta tecnologia no mercado brasileiro de telefonia celular.
The sprouting of the cellular telephones was a great revolution in telecommunications, therefore people could communicate themselves from any place, even in movement. However, a great demand compel/ed the creation of new digital systems of telephony, with more quality in callings, greater capacity of voice transmission, amongst others. La ter, this demand wanted not only more quality, but also availability of services from a cel/ular phone. This originated the use of W AP technology. Focusing this study in Brazilian market, WAP technology was announced as the responsible for bringing the Internet used in conventional computers directly to cellular phones. However, many problems related to handling and cost of this technology had shown clear disadvantages of the Internet in cel/ular phones in comparison to the conventional Internet. It turned WAP technology afailure of criticism in Brazil. This dissertation tries to prove the failure of 1 st version of WAP technology - WAP l. O - and the participation of the business-oriented models used in the fall of this technology in Brazilian market of cellular telephony.

Дегтяренко, А. В. Аналіз методів захисту бездротових корпоративних мереж : випускна кваліфікаційна робота : 123 "Кoмп’ютepнa iнжeнepiя" / А. В. Дегтяренко ; керівник роботи В. А. Бичко ; НУ "Чернігівська політехніка", кафедра iнфopмaцiйниx тa кoмп’ютepниx cиcтeм. – Чернігів, 2021. – 50 с.
Мета аналізу: розробити об’єкт дослідження та створити бездротову мережу і покращити її технологію захисту. Та створити резервну систему електроживлення. Технології аналізу:WAP, IEEE 802.11, HTTP, WISP, WIFI. Результат роботи: Використання МАС фільтралізації. створення системи резервного електроживлення та покращення системи захисту. Робота може застосовуватися в комерційних та державних підприємствах та офісах для покращення бездротової системи та усунення хакерьских атак та для захисту інформації.

In this project multi-presentational e-commerce solution prototype (e-shop) was designed and implemented. It has capabilities of working on multiple presentation areas simultaneously, including areas where very limited presentation capabilities are present, for example WAP/WML. Solution prototype is accessible via different devices – desktop, palm computers, and even low-end cellular phones. Additionally, WAP protocol and problem domain research was accomplished, and possible e-commerce solution adoption methodology for WAP scene was presented. In brief, following results were achieved: 1. Proved that it is possible to transform average-complexity e-commerce solutions from Web into low-capability wireless devices, using WAP/WML technologies (although some complex functionality might be lost) 2. Web e-commerce solution adoption methodology for WAP scene was introduced, including: - list of possible architectures for bringing solutions from Web to wireless - including pros and cons of each architecture - expandable rules for converting HTML to WML 3. Multi-presentational e-commerce solution prototype was created.

WAP son las siglas que se utilizan para designar el protocolo de las aplicaciones sin cable (Wíreless Application Protocol), es el estándar de la informática sin cable que dirige un grupo de distribuidores llamado WAP Forum. WAP es a los dispositivos sin cable lo mismo que HTTP a los exploradores WEB. Les permite convertirse en clientes en el mundo cliente / servidor de Internet. WAP no sólo es un protocolo, sino también un mecanismo para el transporte de datos. En muchos aspectos se parece al protocolo HTTP (El que utiliza el transporte de datos a través de la WEB) y se ha construido sobre una serie de estándares, como IP, URL y XML. Pero WAP se ha diseñado para el mundo creciente de los dispositivos sin cable y su finalidad es adaptarse a las limitaciones propias de este tipo de informática.
Tesis

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Computação.
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A operação eficiente e ininterrupta das redes de computadores é um requisito que tem sido cada vez mais cobrado atualmente. Uma falha na rede pode deixar instituições inteiras inoperantes. Por este motivo, detectar eventuais falhas e tomar ações corretivas de modo rápido e eficiente tem se tornado uma exigência de mercado. Deste modo, o Gerenciamento de Falhas em redes de computadores tem se tornado cada vez mais importante. Dentro deste contexto este trabalho propõem a implementação de uma aplicação destinada a detecção das falhas que mais prejudicam um ambiente de produção. Esta ferramenta foi desenvolvida em um ambiente WEB, WAP e SMS se propondo a ser um diferencial através da união de tecnologias como WBEM, SNMP e CORBA. O objetivo básico desta aplicação é prover um meio eficiente para a detecção e notificação de falhas, assim como, o acompanhamento das eventuais soluções para o problema.

Problemställningen i detta arbete är fokuserad på tal och text som presentationsform för verbal information. Problemområdet kopplas också till ett modernt, informationsteknologiskt sammanhang för att utröna presentationsformernas möjligheter och begränsningar inom WAP-tekniken.

Arbetsminnets/korttidsminnets struktur och begränsningar påverkar effektiviteten av de presentationsformer som förmedlar verbal information. Flera teorier talar för att arbetsminnet är uppdelat i en auditiv och en visuell minnesprocess.

En av hypoteserna i detta arbete går ut på att en kombination av tal och text som presentationsform skulle vara mer effektiv än enbart text eller enbart tal. En undersökning utfördes för att pröva hypotesen. Slutsatsen är att hypotesen saknar empiriskt stöd av detta arbete. Däremot framkom visst empiriskt stöd för den oriktade hypotesen att det blir en skillnad i effektivitet i jämförelsen mellan olika presentationsformer för att presentera verbal information.

Seit 1999 ist es möglich, mit einem Mobiltelefon auch das World Wide Web zu benutzen. Die Technologie, die in Europa zur Verbindung von Mobiltelefon und Internet eingesetzt wird, nennt sich WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) [5], [6] und wurde als eigene, auf XML basierende Seitenbeschreibungssprache, die WML (Wireless Markup Language) [5], [6], entwickelt, die weitgehend an den HTML Standard (Hyper Text Markup Language) [8] angeglichen wurde. Die Arbeit behandelt die im Rahmen einer Studienarbeit entstandene Programmierung von dynamischen WAP-Seiten mit dem Framework Visual Age Smalltalk Web Connection der Firma IBM. Es wird die Möglichkeit aufgezeigt, mit einer integrierten Entwicklungsumgebung in einem adäquaten Umfang dynamische WAP-Seiten zu entwickeln, wenn die Standard-Entwicklungsumgebung IBM Visual Age Smalltalk auch für eine unter dieser Entwicklungsumgebung entwickelten Applikation (hier ein Dokumentenmanagementsystem) eingesetzt wird. Hierzu wird eine WAP-Anwendung vorgestellt, bei der über ein Mobiltelefon aus einer Unternehmensdatenbank Informationen über Adressenangaben von Geschäftspartnern abgerufen werden, wobei insbesondere die abgerufenen Telefonnummern direkt vom Mobiltelefon übernommen und gewählt werden können. Die hierbei im Zusammenhang mit WTAI (Wireless Telephonie Applications Inteface) [9] zu lösenden Probleme werden dargestellt.

The main purpose of this work is to create information system which would deliver relevant information about flights from airports website to mobile phone. The most important task here is to collect data from Vilnius airport website, organize and put it into our database then deliver it to interested individuals.

The Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics (CGB) is an academic department at Karolinska Institute. Generally stated, the CGB department is committed to the generation and management of genetic information by approaches aiming at elucidating the connection between genes, protein and function.

WiGID is a genome information database that is available through WAP (Wireless Application Protocol).

Our version of WiGID is based on WML, PHP and PostgreSQL as a database server.

One of the changes on the old WiGID application was the creation of a relational database with seven tables and one view, instead of the file that represented the database on the old version. We also changed the script language from python to PHP.

The search engine ability has been extended with three new search alternatives for a user to choose from. Each choice leads to other, sometimes multiple choices.

A GUI has been created for the administrator, to be able to insert information into the database.

The structure of the search engine is primarily for narrowing down the search result on the phone display, thereby making the search efficient.

Wireless Genome Information Database (WiGID), är en genome information databas och är tillgänglig genom WAP (Wireless Application Protocol).

WiGID har vidareutvecklats med WML och PHP som skript språk istället för WML och Python.

Några exempel på den ny utvecklade WiGID är navigationsmöjligheterna och applikationens bakomliggande struktur.

Modelleringen av relationsbaserade databasen har gett ökad flexibilitet till applikationen. Den är inte längre statisk och svårhanterlig. Hanteringen av databasen har lösts genom inmatnings skriptet. Inmatnings skriptet hanterar information från en fil som den läser ifrån och lägger informationen i respektive tabell.

Sökmöjligheterna har ökats genom användning av SQL (Structured Query Language). Navigationsmöjligheterna i sökmotorn utökades till sex valmöjligheter istället för tre enligt den äldre versionen. Varje länk går vidare till nya alternativ för att förfina själva sökningen. Sökningen har effektiviserats och valmöjligheterna.

Användandet av mobiltelefoner och antalet personer som surfar på Internet har ökat avsevärt de senaste åren och för att förena dessa två tekniker skapades WAP, som kort kan beskrivas som en möjlighet att surfa på Internet via mobiltelefonen. Det förutspåddes en stor efterfråga på en sådan här tjänst men något hände. WAP fick inte så stor genomslag som förväntats. I början var det krångligt att använda tekniken och det var ont om telefoner och tjänster. Abonnenter debiteras i dag per minut vilket utgör höga kostnader för den flitiga användaren. Den tredje generationens mobila tekniker som GPRS och UMTS är under lansering och förväntas förbättra användandet av WAP. Betalning görs för mängden överförd data och längre fram finns det förhoppningar om ett fast pris för varje tjänst. Vi har i detta arbete samlat information om WAP och dess framtid. I arbetet beskrivs även den japanska motsvarigheten till WAP, i- mode, som har blivit en otroligt framgångsrik tjänst. Även GPRS och UMTS beskrivs för att få en inblick i hur de nya teknikerna kan öka möjligheterna för WAP. Vi har tagit del av två marknadsundersökningar som visar användarnas och företagens syn på WAP och framtiden. Undersökningarna visar att endast var tionde Internetanvändare har en WAP-telefon och bland dessa så är det knappt hälften som använder tjänsterna regelbundet. Orsakerna till detta anses vara höga priser, ointressanta tjänster och dyra telefoner. Intresset för nästa generations mobila Internettjänster är däremot mycket stort. Vi har kommit fram till att de faktorer som främst begränsat framgången för WAP är att det är dyrt och inte tillräckligt bra tjänster. Men ett genomslag för WAP är att vänta inom ett par år tack vare de nya teknikerna UMTS och GPRS som kommer öka hastigheten på dataöverföringen och även minska kostnaderna

Marketing and advertisement activities are transforming as new digital media streams emerge. It is believed that the first major digital transition took place when broadcast media such as television and cinema, also called first screen, to the PC Internet, referred to as the second screen, entered the media industry. The last couple of years saw an expanding transition into the third screen, which is the mobile handset, commonly known as cellphones in South Africa. The rapid explosion of mobile phones and other mobile devices has created a new marketing channel. The use of Short Messaging Service, Multimedia Message Service, Graphic WAP Banners, and Video Clips to communicate with customers through their mobile devices / cellphones has gained popularity, making the mobile phone the ultimate medium for one–to–one or one–to–many marketing. And the more mobile handsets penetrate the mass market, the greater are the opportunities for advertising experiences. This exploratory study investigates the impact / effectiveness of mobile advertising to consumers in the short–term insurance industry. The study briefly focuses on whether marketers are reaping the benefits of using this medium to communicate and market their products and services to the identified target market. The findings indicate that mobile advertising has an impact on consumers in the short–term insurance industry. It was also envisaged that where mobile advertising seems to have no effect, the root of the problem lies in the mass marketing approach. Customers are looking for full customisation of mobile marketing messages, based on their individual requirements, tastes, preferences, location, time, and it should also add value to consumers. For maximum impact, it is also recommended that marketers should build measurements, targeting and optimisation into their campaign processes.
Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

The hot spot in the market of embedded systems today are opening up the systems so the world around can communicate with it. The idea of this Master Thesis is to show a way to wirelessly open up an embedded system to the world. The goal of the project is to build a prototype for machine-to-machine applications. This project clarifies the practical issues that rise when the idea is implemented. In this project an embedded WAP-server has been developed. All software components used are open source even the development environment. This means that there will be no license costs at all. The server runs on top of Axis? Bluetooth communication stack. The operating system used is eCos, which is open source and shipped by Red Hat. The system runs on an evaluation board equipped with an ARM7 processor, 256 KB RAM and 256 KB ROM. The report can be found at http://www.combitechsystems.com/node2866.asp

En la presente tesis se explica la integración de la Tecnología Móvil con la Tecnología Web. Se hace uso de cuestionarios idóneos hechos por expertos en materia de fiscalización electoral, cuyas respuestas son almacenadas en una base de datos usando como interfase la tecnología móvil, en este caso el uso de un celular. Procedemos a realizar análisis y estudios para escoger la mejor alternativa tanto en costo como en beneficio para la implementación de esta solución y como también el impacto que ésta tiene en las instituciones electorales de nuestro país.
This thesis explains the integration between the Mobil technology and the Web Technology. The project uses appropriate questionnaires done by experts in electoral fiscalization, which answers are stored in a data base using a mobile interface, the mobile device used is a cell phone. We do analysis and studies for identifying the best choice in costs and benefits for the implementation of this solution and the impact in our electoral institutions.
Tesis

The company System Andersson is developing systems for controlling materials and production in industries. They want to add a new service, where parts of those systems are accessible through cell phones.

In this paper we are investigating which technology are best suited for this kind of application. And then we describe how we are developing a prototype fort this application, based upon that technology. After investigating technologies such as Java ME, Microsoft Silverlight, and web applications we settled upon building the system as a web application, customized for a mobile environment.

To build a web page which is readable by many different cell phones we use the markup-languages which are developed for cell phones. We put much effort in reading about the standards and recommendations for the mobile web, produced by the organizations W3C and OMA. It's also very important that one consider the limitations of cell phones, such as the small screens, their limited performance and their limited means of input and navigation. Finally we are very thorough in our testing on several cell phones created by different manufacturers and with different operating systems and web browsers.

On the server we are running ASP.NET, with a database using Microsoft SQL Server, since this was a request from the company. The development is made in C#.

We reach a fully operational application with the functions that the company has requested. We got functions for handling orders, changing jobs, supply management, listing employees, and more. We also got a class for generating and rendering of lists and tables for easy and customizable lists for small screens. The application has support for several users with a secure login function.

We have also created a system running as a service in Microsoft Windows, which is regularly sending messages, in the form of e-mails to the users of the mobile application. The messages contain user defined reminders, e.g. that the factory is running low on a certain material. The message system is well integrated with the rest of the system, in which one can list the active reminders, edit them or create new ones.

Overall this has been an interesting and successful project.

In the first part mainly the basic information about the types of mobile advertising are mentioned. Important topics such as business models and comparison with other advertising media are giving a conclusion for the theoretical part, which together with case studies from czech and foreign markets gives a solution to the effectiveness of mobile marketing.

Cette thèse traite de l’adaptation de services multimédias en UMTS pour remédier aux problèmes de dégradation de la qualité de service sur les réseaux. Nous proposons pour cela un modèle ainsi qu’une architecture. Cette architecture d’adaptation de services est intégrée à l’UMTS. Le modèle se base sur un modèle mathématique support à la vérification de propriétés telles que la gestion du taux d’erreur par bit par adaptation, la gestion de l’indéterminisme des objets médias incontrôlables ou encore la gestion des défaillances sur les réseaux. Un autre apport consiste à développer une stratégie concertée pour décider des services à adapter et de l’ordre d’adaptation. Cette stratégie est basée sur la logique floue pour traduire un raisonnement naturel. Ces règles floues reposent sur des orientations stratégiques. Une orientation stratégique est une combinaison de politiques que nous avons définies à l’aide de facteurs. Les résultats que nous avons obtenus confirment l'intérêt de nos travaux pour l’amélioration de la qualité de service rendue à l’usager et l’intégration de la gestion des propriétés des flux applicatifs de bout en bout.

碩士
世新大學
資訊管理學研究所(含碩專班)
95
The constant innovation of action science and technology, in order to pursue the convenience, demands of the electronic-transactions are more and more too, the implementation of the mobile banking has been accepted by the people gradually, though the question of the security has existed all the time, in order to ask the convenience, many people would like to apply for the mobile banking, admit at mobile inputting account number and password finish the financial transaction. Promote Citizen Digital Certificate and bank to withdraw deposit from the government after the magnetic stripe card changes the chip financial card, begin someone and apply for the chip financial card of the bank with using the card reading machine, transfer the bank with the inquiry into balance of the account in websites of network bank. Under the bankers association of the republic of china and finacial information service company promote in a more cost-effective manner, various kinds of chip financial card read card machine let the people accept gradually already, web ATM （Automated Teller Machine） prevail. But the push in the action bank of Taiwan, stay in STK ( SIM Tool Kit) Action bank way, with the introduction of the new wireless communication standard, this research hopes to propose a new WAP ( Wireless Application Protocol) Action bank way,adopt mould group WIM（WAP Identity Module） as the foundation with WAP 2.0 standard, WPKI（Wireless Application Protocol Public Key Infrastructure）safe mechanism and action user's end, design a set of WAP action banking systems with security, as the reference which bank promotes of the future action.

碩士
樹德科技大學
資訊管理研究所
93
Although all the telecommunications incorporations of Taiwan supply with WAP service, the market research reveals that the service about WAP are not convenient to consumers, especially the transmission speed, the expenses and the service contents which are the chief reasons that consumers wouldn’t like to use WAP service. Finding out the reason is that WAP 1.x standard has a lot of defects. The influence of the defects on the network security causes a lot of application service cannot be popular. Thus on August 2001 WAP Forum set up the standard of WAP 2.0 that it connected WAP 2.0, agreement of Internet TCP and HTTP syntax, which raised transmission speed, reduced the development expenses and enhance the service security. The purpose of the studying is that makes security application service of WAP 2.0, which develops the application service of WAP 2.0 on cellphone to get security transactions with SSL and CA(Certification Authority), then the consumers will find one more transaction way except credit card and cash card.

碩士
元智大學
資訊工程研究所
88
The explosion of wireless phones has changed how people communicate with others. Now, the Web-enabled devices provide a new method to use the Internet. In a recent study about wireless Internet versus wired, it predicts that more people will access the Web via a wireless device than by a PC. Therefore, there is a new network communication protocol called “Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)” has been developed. It is an open, global specification that empowers mobile users with wireless devices to easily access and interact with information and telephony services instantly. In this thesis, we have developed and implemented a WAP-based e-Life application services. Our system essentially consists of Intelligent Personal Assistant, Real-Time Information Services, Location-bound Services, Personal Financial Management, and Mobile Office. The issues related to the design of these modules are also discussed.

Tese de mestrado, Informática, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 2017
As aplicações web apresentam um nível de sofisticação que foi gradualmente melhorado no decorrer de duas décadas. Em particular, estas aplicações evoluíram de simples aglomerados de documentos hipermédia, para sistemas altamente complexos e extensíveis, desempenhando um papel fundamental no acesso a uma miríade de serviços. No entanto, esta evolução manifesta-se também pela procura e desenvolvimento de aplicações avançadas em prazos restritos, um fenómeno que é desencadeado pela competitividade agressiva e dinamismo próprios da Web moderna. Esta mudança de paradigma leva muitos programadores a seguir atalhos no desenvolvimento de aplicações, tal como o uso de linguagens de programação populares (ex. PHP), a integração de bibliotecas e extensões de origem dúbia, e a negligência para com os bons padrões de desenvolvimento de software. Infelizmente, tais práticas encontram-se frequentemente associadas à ocorrência de vulnerabilidades no código fonte destas aplicações, que comprometem a segurança das mesmas. A gravidade deste problema induz assim uma urgência crescente no que toca ao desenvolvimento de aplicações seguras. Contudo, o sucesso das medidas de segurança depende tanto dos conhecimentos de quem as elabora, bem como da correta utilização das linguagens de programação. ´E por isso que uma longa história de trabalho em segurança de aplicações web tem vindo a acompanhar tal evolução. As ferramentas de análise estática de código são utilizadas para detetarem vulnerabilidades nos programas de forma automática. Por excelência, estas ferramentas são as mais utilizadas por conseguirem uma maior cobertura do código analisado, poderem ser utilizadas durante o ciclo de desenvolvimento de aplicações e por não necessitarem de executar o código da aplicação. Porém, a qualidade da análise realizada por estas ferramentas na deteção de vulnerabilidades assenta na correta codificação do conhecimento sobre as vulnerabilidades a detetar e implementação das técnicas de análise estática de código, tal como a análise de comprometimento. Isso significa que, por um lado, estas ferramentas apenas procuram vulnerabilidades no código fonte para as quais foram codificadas, sendo incapazes de encontrar os restantes tipos de vulnerabilidades. Por outro lado, podem gerar falsos positivos (falsas vulnerabilidades) e falsos negativos (vulnerabilidades não detetadas) devido à não completude das técnicas de análise estática nelas implantadas. O principal objetivo desta dissertação assenta no melhoramento das capacidades de deteção de vulnerabilidades presentes na ferramenta Web Application Protection (WAP) para análise de código PHP. A concretização deste objetivo pressupõe três passos. O primeiro passo consiste, numa primeira instancia, no estudo das vulnerabilidades de validação de input de aplicações web e das formas como são detetadas por análise estática de código. Seguidamente, no levantamento de falhas de implementação num conjunto de ferramentas de análise estática de código fonte em PHP e em particular na WAP. É importante perceber que falhas estão presentes nas ferramentas atuais e de que forma se correlacionam com os falsos positivos e negativos gerados nas análises. Para efetuar este levantamento, é necessário executar cada ferramenta em estudo e comparar os resultados de ferramentas diferentes, utilizando como alvo de análise os mesmos artefactos de software em PHP. ´E de igual importância analisar o código manualmente, pelo que constituía única forma de detetar falsos negativos e confirmar falsos positivos simultaneamente presentes em todas as ferramentas. As ferramentas são aplicadas no processamento de código fonte PHP encontrado em pacotes de software da plataforma WordPress. O segundo passo consiste no estudo de um dos problemas identificados. O problema selecionado para o efeito assenta na identificação e resolução de dependências circulares no código fonte, as quais podem prejudicar a qualidade da análise, provocando até a paragem inesperada da ferramenta. As dependências circulares são oriundas da inclusão recursiva de código contido em ficheiros (ex. ficheiro a inclui ficheiro b e ficheiro b inclui ficheiro a). Inicialmente, é feito um levantamento das capacidades de inclusão disponíveis na linguagem PHP com base na documentação oficial. Seguidamente, são definidos e avaliados casos de estudo que utilizam estas capacidades de modo a produzir dependências circulares. Observam-se os respetivos comportamentos das ferramentas no processamento destes casos. Simultaneamente, é feita uma ponte com o comportamento demonstrado pelo PHP Zend, pois fornece um contexto prático que serve para completar as ambiguidades identificadas na documentação oficial. O terceiro passo consiste na resolução do problema das dependências circulares na ferramenta WAP. Apresentamos propostas de resolução do problema das dependências circulares, passando pela identificação de ficheiros raiz, caminhos de inclusão e causadores de ciclo dado um conjunto aleatório de ficheiros PHP. Este passo culmina no desenvolvimento de dois algoritmos que detetam e resolvem ciclos num projeto PHP, respetivamente. Oferecemos uma avaliação experimental das melhorias implementadas na ferramenta WAP, com base em pacotes de software da plataforma WordPress. Por um lado, a avaliação pretende verificar a capacidade de deteção de ciclos e vulnerabilidades por parte da versão melhorada da WAP. Por outro, permite a confirmação dos comportamentos identificados no segundo passo, bem como a identificação de novos problemas, relacionados com falhas de implementação das ferramentas Pixy, RIPS e phpSAFE. A nova versão da ferramenta WAP (WAP++) permitiu identificar e resolver 16 de pendências circulares e detetar 6 vulnerabilidades adicionais além das 885 vulnerabilidades detetadas pela versão original. Para além disso, a ferramenta WAP++ não apresenta nem os comportamentos erróneos da versão original, nem os comportamentos erróneos observados nas outras ferramentas de análise estática. Em contraste, a versão original da ferramenta WAP não identifica quaisquer dependências circulares.
For over two decades, the web has been evolving from a simple set of hypermedia documents to a complex ecosystem of web applications that are supported by various frameworks. This paradigm shift has been promoting a series of practices that lead to an increasing number of vulnerabilities, which can compromise the security of web applications. One of the main contributing factors lies in vulnerable source code, written in unsafe languages such as PHP. In order to mitigate the problem, a large research effort on web application security has occurred over the past years. Source code static analysis tools perform the task of finding program vulnerabilities in an automated fashion. These tools offer superior code coverage, easier integration into the application development cycle, and do not require the actual code to be executed. They instead perform source code analysis, looking for potential bugs while inspecting the program code. However, the analysis performed by these tools depends on their knowledge of the classes of vulnerabilities and the implementation of analysis techniques, such as taint analysis. This means that, on one hand, the tools only search for vulnerabilities in the source code that they hold knowledge of, being unable to find other kinds of problems. On the other hand, the tools may generate false positives and false negatives, due to the limitations and incompleteness of implemented analysis techniques. One of such tools is the Web Application Protection (WAP). The main objective of this dissertation is to identify problems with WAP and improve its vulnerability detection capabilities, when processing open source PHP code. Four static analysis tools - WAP, Pixy, phpSAFE and RIPS - are evaluated against a set of WordPress plugins that are known to be vulnerable, in order to collect examples of incorrect processing of the tools which lead, for instance, to false negatives. Additionally, we define and evaluate several use cases for a common found limitation, which consists in the identification and circumvention of circular dependencies (i.e., recursive inclusion of code) in the source code. If circular dependencies are not treated correctly, they may lead to unexpected tool behaviors and incorrect analyses. These assessments help reflecting upon new solutions to address WAP’s shortcomings. A new version of WAP is implemented, and evaluated with the same original WordPress plugins. This dissertation offers the following contributions. A list of vulnerabilities is compiled through manual analysis of the plugins, in a format that allows comparison between the chosen tools, and the identification of common false negatives. An enhanced version of WAP is implemented, with improved detection capabilities that reduce both false positives and false negatives. Two evaluations concerning WAP and a set of WordPress plugins are present, comparing the results before and after the enhancements, respectively.

碩士
國立交通大學
資訊工程系
89
Thin clients such as Personal Data Assistant (PDA), cellular phone, and Internet appliances (IA) are joining the Internet community. The common characteristics among these thin devices are their limited computing power, display, memory, and input interface. The network and user interaction would be changed. Network cannot simply be a dump pipe simply delivering data from devices to devices. The data information provided should adapt the different limitations of various devices. Many Internet protocols design guideline are based on assumptions that end-point devices are PC computers, and the protocols do not fit in such new environment. We design a mail retrieving system named iMail to facilitate email access for thin clients. We use Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) as an implementation environment to demonstrate the system and user interface design constrains for thin clients. To support mail retrieving in a mobile environment, we implement a mail agent with several features: mail filtering, two-phase fetching, response recommendation, and notification mechanism. Based on the user’s filter options, mail filtering delivers only urgent mails to the thin clients. Two-phase fetching is used to reduce transmission overhead of message delivery. The response recommendation suggests response operation and messages for user. This feature helps user reduce text typing through the unhandy input interface of thin clients. We also propose three mail notification mechanisms for iMail. When a new mail arrives, the mail notification mechanism informs iMail users immediately. Through the descriptions of the iMail features, this paper provides design and implementation guidelines for WAP applications. Furthermore, we propose IMAP+ that integrates the features of iMail system into IMAP. With IMAP+, the user mail server can directly support a flexible and convenient interface for wireless thin clients. ABSTRACT iii Acknowledgement iv Contents v List of Tables vii List of Figures viii Chapter 1 Introduction Chapter 2 iMail Architecture 2.1 Personalization Engine 2.2 Receiving Engine 2.3 Interface Translation 2.4 Response Engine 2.5 User Operation Chapter 3 iMail Features 3.1 Mail Filtering 3.2 Action Parameters 3.3 Response Recommendation 3.4 Two-Phase Fetching Chapter 4 iMail Implementation 4.1 WAP User Interface for iMail 4.2 iMail and Mail Server Interaction 4.3 Other Implementation Issues 4.3.1 Handset Capabilities 4.3.2 WML Character Set Chapter 5 Mail Notification Mechanisms Chapter 6 IMAP+ 6.1 Mail Filtering 6.2 Action Parameters 6.3 Response Recommendation 6.4 Device Capability Transcoding 6.5 New Mail Notification 6.6 From IMAP to IMAP+ Chapter 7 Conclusion Reference Appendix