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Journal articles on the topic 'War metaphors'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Kalinin, O. I. "Metaphor Power in the US-China Trade War Discourse." NSU Vestnik. Series: Linguistics and Intercultural Communication 21, no. 4 (2024): 70–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7935-2023-21-4-70-84.

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The article studies the role of metaphor in modeling the enemy image in the US-China trade war discourse. Based on the metaphor power theory, speech impact of metaphors on cognitive, semantic and communicative levels is described. The cognitive level of metaphor power is manifested in the metaphors of different intensity, namely conventional and noval, semantic metaphor power is manifested in the metaphors that differ in semantics and language form, namely orientational, ontological and structural, and, finally, communicative metaphor power is associated with the metaphor’s position in the tex

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Akintayo, Abiodun, and Olufemi Olatokunbo. "Creative Use of Metaphor in Nigerian Political Discourse." International Journal of Language, Literature and Culture 4, no. 5 (2024): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijllc.4.5.7.

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The paper investigated use of metaphor in contemporary Nigerian political discourse with the aim of revealing the multi-faceted patterns of metaphoric language in order to examine the creativity in political communication. The data were derived from a variety of illustrative texts sourced from Nigerian newspapers and magazines that are circulated nationwide. The study employed the cognitive linguistics approach originated by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson to discuss the two significant metaphor themes of war and journey in the corpus data. The findings showed that metaphors are used as persuas

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Ross, Andrew S., and Damian J. Rivers. "“Froome with His SKY Bodyguards, Layers of Armour”: The ‘Sport is War’ Conceptual Metaphor in Grand Tour Cycling Commentary." Communication & Sport 7, no. 2 (2018): 176–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2167479517752431.

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The incorporation of metaphors into everyday language use has formed the basis of scholarly investigation for decades. Particular attention has been given to conceptual metaphors, which are seen as essential tools for individuals to interpret and process various ideas and experiences. Within the milieu of metaphorical speech, metaphors of war have frequently been applied across a range of domains including politics, business, and sport. Within the sporting context, the notion of ‘Sport is War’ has been discussed in relation to various football codes, baseball, and tennis. In this article, we e

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Feifei, Fu. "Analyzing metaphor patterns in COVID-19 news pictures: A critical study in China." PLOS ONE 19, no. 2 (2024): e0297336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0297336.

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Drawing on Critical Metaphor Analysis, this study investigates major metaphors of the COVID-19 pandemic used by the Chinese government in the specific genre of news picture. It examines patterns of metaphor use in the first year of the pandemic in China and explains how and why the government employs the identified metaphors in the Chinese political context. Results reveal that pandemic metaphors (45%) are not as widely used in news pictures as presumed, the vast majority (95%) are rendered in verbal mode, and the most salient metaphors used in news pictures are the UP/DOWN (spatial), WAR, FAM

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Altıkulaç, Ali. "War and Peace Literacy of Social Studies Teacher Candidates: A Metaphorical Research." International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies 12, no. 3 (2024): 218–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijels.v.12n.3p.218.

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The aim of this study is to reveal the literacy levels and metaphors of Social Studies teacher candidates regarding the concepts of war and peace taught in secondary school. The research may be important in terms of revealing how Social Studies teacher candidates interpret the concepts of war and peace and how they perceive these concepts metaphorically. Phenomenology, one of the qualitative research designs, was used in the research. The study group of the research consists of 60 teacher candidates studying in the 4th year of the Social Studies Teaching undergraduate program of two state univ

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Liu, Mengna, and Jinshi Chen. "A Critical Metaphor Analysis of Anti-telefraud Public Legal Education Discourse." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 5, no. 3 (2022): 108–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2022.5.3.14.

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Nowadays, news media provides an important platform for knowledge dissemination of public legal education (PLE) and combating fraud is one of the most important topics in PLE news reports. WAR, ANIMAL and CONTAINER metaphors are three important metaphors that frequently appear in anti-telefraud PLE discourse. The present paper analyzes the role of the three metaphors in English and Chinese anti-telefraud PLE discourse based on the framework of critical metaphor analysis. Specifically speaking, the paper focuses on two research questions: 1) How WAR, ANIMAL and CONTAINER metaphors are used in P

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Pimenova, Marina V. "Generic Metaphors Among Other Types of Metaphors as Ways of Describing War in Modern Media." Humanitarian Vector 18, no. 4 (2023): 124–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/1996-7853-2023-18-4-124-131.

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The article analyzes different types of metaphors used in the media to describe the war. The purpose of the article is to identify the most frequent types of war metaphors, isolating one of the most ancient ways of actualizing the war concept ‒ a generic metaphor. The relevance of the undertaken research is determined by the appeal to various types of erased metaphors that are actively used in the media to refer to both the wars themselves and to describe the strategies and tactics of warfare, naming people who are in certain relationships during the war, as well as those events that are metap

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Yang, Qin. "Critical Metaphor Analysis of War Metaphors in Official News Reports of COVID-19 in China." Advances in Education, Humanities and Social Science Research 5, no. 1 (2023): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.56028/aehssr.5.1.271.2023.

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This paper initially situates research on the conceptual metaphors based on Critical Metaphor Analysis with regard to their manifestation in public discourses. Specifically, it centers on the cognitive features and social effects of war metaphors used in the official coverage of COVID-19 pandemic in China. The war metaphors was first identified and analyzed by both manual metaphor identification and the aid of vocabulary analytic software AntConc. 3. 5. 9. Then the cognitive mechanism and social functions of the selected metaphors were analyzed in the perspective of cognitive linguistics. The

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Niu, Peipei. "An integrated study of visual metaphors in Chinese editorial cartoons." Cognitive Linguistic Studies 6, no. 2 (2019): 325–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cogls.00043.niu.

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Abstract Conceptual metaphor theory highlights that metaphor is a matter of thinking. This assumption indicates that metaphors exist not only in language, but also in other modes. This study examines uses of visual and visual-verbal metaphors in 50 Chinese editorial cartoons conceptualizing serious haze problem, with the intention of eliciting implicit meaning conveyed by visual signs alone or together with verbal texts. Both conceptual and critical discourse analysis of the metaphors are conducted. The study finds that the way a metaphor is realized visually and verbally in a cartoon determin

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XUEHAN YU. "Investigating Sports News Headlines from the Perspective of Conceptual Metaphors: A Case Study of Headlines during the Qatar World Cup." Frontiers in Humanities and Social Research 2, no. 2 (2025): 230–34. https://doi.org/10.71465/fhsr246.

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This paper, based on the theory of conceptual metaphors, uses sports news headlines from the Qatar World Cup as the research object and systematically analyzes the patterns of metaphor application in sports news. The study found that there are three main types of conceptual metaphors in sports news headlines: structural metaphors are the most abundant, including the war metaphor that compares football matches to war (e.g., "迎战" and "备战") and the journey metaphor that views the match process as a journey (e.g., "首发" and "全场"); orientation metaphors express changes in status through up and down

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Haiden, Leonie. "Geopolitics by Metaphor: The Sweet Spot between Specificity and Ambiguity." Defence Strategic Communications 12 (June 2, 2023): 101–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.30966/2018.riga.12.6.

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With ongoing war in Ukraine, the cost-of-living crisis, looming climate emergency, breakthroughs in AI technology, and the return of great-power politics, the present and coming years will be a time of conceptual realignment, of finding new language to describe, understand, and operate in a ‘new world order’. I propose this process begins with metaphor. In a time of uncertainty, it may seem counterintuitive to focus on a linguistic device as inherently ambiguous as metaphor. But it is this ambiguity that allows metaphors to bridge policy pragmatism and strategic vision. Foregrounding the tensi

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Seraj, Muhammad Yaqoob, and Zubair Ahmad Mujadidi. "Exploring the Structural Metaphors in the Daily Conversations of Persian Speakers in Afghanistan." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 6, no. 6 (2023): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2023.6.6.9.

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This research paper explores the use of structural metaphors in the daily conversations of Persian speakers and examines how these metaphors reveal deeper human experiences. In this kind of metaphor, a notion from one area is frequently utilized to create another (debate and controversy, which is a subjective idea but has a cultural element), such as war as a physical or cultural phenomena. Persian daily speech is known for using imagery and symbols, and animal metaphors are a significant aspect of this tradition. This paper analyses war metaphors used in the daily conversation of people in Af

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Natanael, Yosua Timotius, Gina Indriani, Winema Tania, and Nurma Dhona Handayani. "Metaphor and Its Role in War Room Movie." Humanitatis : Journal of Language and Literature 9, no. 2 (2023): 233–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.30812/humanitatis.v9i2.2152.

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   This study aims to find the types and the roles of metaphors in War Room movie. Metaphor in the movie is one of the most important aspects to understand the plot and the message of the movie. This study applied qualitative research as the design, and the observational method and non-participatory technique by Sudaryanto (2015) were conducted to collect the data. The collected data were analyzed and classified based on the theory by Levinson (1983) for the types of metaphors and Gibbs (2008) for the roles of the metaphors in talk. As the results of this research, there were

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Amaireh, Hanan A. "COVID-19 IS WAR, WATER & A PERSON: Metaphorical Language of the Coronavirus Disease in "the Jordan Times" Newspaper." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 12, no. 7 (2022): 1286–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1207.06.

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Metaphors permeate our daily communication, and they are part of our cognition. The present study investigates metaphors in a corpus-based study during the Coronavirus disease 19 crisis (COVID-19) using the Antconc Software. The way written media discourse framed the COVID-19 Crisis, especially in the Middle East received little attention from discourse analysts. The data include news editorials about the Coronavirus disease 19 from April 1, 2020 to July 5, 2020 collected from "the Jordan Times" Newspaper in English. The metaphors will be analysed according to Lakoff and Johnson's (1980; 2003)

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Aliyu, Masa’udu, and Mohammed Sada Bature. "‘Geography, Ornithology, Physics and Silviculture’: Novel Science-Related Conceptual Metaphors from Written Football Discourse in Nigeria." FUDMA Journal of Humanities, Social Science and Creative Arts 1, AHBSI (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.70882/fujohssaca.2025.v1(ahbsi).1.

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This article sets out to prove the potential existence, or otherwise of football-related conceptual metaphors in domains apart from war, specifically the scientific domain, with the objectives of identifying, categorizing and describing the metaphors, due to the research gap that exists concerning the lack of studies describing conceptual metaphors in non-war domains in football discourse. Both conventional methods of Lakoff and Johnson’s (Source-Mapping-Target) and an exceptional approach of classifying the metaphors into superordinates, subordinates and textual examples. Ten issues of two ne

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Jansen, Sue Curry, and Don Sabo. "The Sport/War Metaphor: Hegemonic Masculinity, the Persian Gulf War, and the New World Order." Sociology of Sport Journal 11, no. 1 (1994): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.11.1.1.

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Sport/war metaphors during the Persian Gulf War were crucial rhetorical resources for mobilizing the patriarchal values that construct, mediate, and maintain hegemonic forms of masculinity. Theory is grounded in an analysis of the language used during coverage of the war in electronic and print news media, as well as discourse in the sport industry and sport media. Various usages of the sport/war metaphor are discussed. It is argued that sport/war metaphors reflected and reinforced the multiple systems of domination that rationalized the war and strengthened the ideological hegemony of white W

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Siriam, Siriam, and Susana Widyastuti. "The translation of conceptual metaphor in political news." Diksi 31, no. 1 (2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/diksi.v31i1.56899.

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Metaphorical expressions (MEs) are abundant in political text and their translation ‎poses challenges particularly for retaining the implicit meaning. This research focuses on examining the use of conceptual metaphors (CMs) ‎in Indonesian ‎political news and their English translation. The objectives ‎ are to identify types and the source domain of CMs and to explain how the CMs are translated.‎ ‎Grounding on mixed-methods, the data were metaphorical expressions in ‎ the Indonesian and English versions of Tempo weekly magazines in April, May, and June in 2021. Metaphor Identification Procedure

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GIBBS, RAYMOND W., and JOSIE SIMAN. "How We Resist Metaphors." Language and Cognition 13, no. 4 (2021): 670–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/langcog.2021.18.

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abstractMost people love metaphor, but we still sometimes find ourselves resisting their presence or meanings for various reasons. We resist metaphors both as a general strategy (e.g., “Metaphors are meaningless” or “Mixed metaphor are incoherent”), and as a response to some metaphors in very specific situational and discourse contexts (e.g., “I do not like the idea that my cancer treatment is seen as a war against my body”). People resist metaphors they have produced, metaphors imposed on them by others, and metaphors that they find to be offensive or that negatively stigmatize other individu

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Guliashvili, Nino. "Metaphorical Representations of the 2008 Russian-Georgian War: Critical Analysis of Conceptual Metaphors of War in Relation to Gender (A Case Study based on the newspaper -The Georgian Times)." Kadmos 9 (2017): 7–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.32859/kadmos/9/7-87.

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This paper focuses on conceptual metaphors of war, supposedly shaping peoples’ world-views in relation to gender. Any social event or phenomenon connected to human activity has a discursive representation in the media. War is not an exception. Discourse structures have an ideational function which represents human views of the world. Metaphor is a powerful linguistic tool to serve this function. The objective of the research is to reveal conceptual war metaphors based on the print media coverage of the 2008 Russian-Georgian war, which reflects male and female perceptions of the reality. The re

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Abdul Aziz, Ayesha Habib, and Muhammad Ramzan. "A Conceptual Metaphor Analysis of Endurance in Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea and For Whom the Bell Tolls." Journal of Arts and Linguistics Studies 3, no. 2 (2025): 2575–86. https://doi.org/10.71281/jals.v3i2.341.

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This study applies Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) to explore the metaphorical structures that underpin themes of endurance, psychological conflict, and existential struggle in Ernest Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea and For Whom the Bell Tolls. CMT posits that metaphors are not just stylistic elements but cognitive tools that shape human understanding. Through qualitative metaphor analysis, this research uncovers how Hemingway uses metaphor to convey deep psychological and sociocultural meanings, mapping war, nature, and isolation onto emotional and moral dilemmas. Findings reveal that me

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Mitsiaki, Maria. "INVESTIGATING METAPHOR IN MODERN GREEK INTERNET MEMES:." Revista Brasileira de Alfabetização, no. 12 (July 27, 2020): 73–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.47249/rba.2020.v.432.

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    Internet memes are a quite recent web-genre that makes use of metaphorical conceptualizations and humor. This paper draws on data from humorous metaphors in a small corpus of Greek memes posted on Facebook. The analysis suggests that common conventional metaphors underlie memes, such as emotions are forces, human body is a machine, and people are animals; however, several novel conceptualizations arise, fused into conceptual blends: coronavirus is war, low-paid is diseased, natural forces are people. The findings are interpreted in the light of the cognitive theory

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Prokhorova, Olga N., Igor V. Chekulai, Olga I. Agafonova, Elena V. Pupynina, Oksana V. Markelova, and Marina S. Matytsina. "Political metaphor in Covid-19 media coverage." LAPLAGE EM REVISTA 7, Extra-D (2021): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24115/s2446-622020217extra-d1061p.15-21.

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The article is meant to look at the COVID-19 coverage in political discourse in the frames of the metaphor based approach. The authors aimed at examining the role of language and metaphor in the way we speak and understand as particular metaphorical concepts appear to be key mechanisms of shaping the reality in these times. The results introduced in the article show that currently predominating types of metaphors such as military or war metaphors, animal and catastrophe metaphors. The above metaphors are studied in political discourses on the gross scale.

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Changchao, Liang, and Song Zhenkui. "Digital Rhetoric in Media: Conceptual Metaphors in Chinese Editorial Stories." Journal of Interdisciplinary Perspectives, no. 2 (February 9, 2024): 134–44. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10638530.

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<em>This study examines the use and impact of conceptual metaphors in Chinese digital editorial narratives. It aims to identify predominant metaphor types and their role in enhancing the persuasive power of editorials. The study analyzes 50 stories from China Daily using content analysis to explore metaphorical language in context. Findings indicate a prevalent use of orientational, ontological, and structural metaphors. Orientational metaphors simplify complex ideas, while ontological metaphors, like object and personification, make abstract concepts tangible, boosting emotional appeal. Struc

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Hanh, Nguyen Thi Bich, Le Vien Lan Huong, and Pham Hien. "Conceptual metaphor sport as war in Vietnamese football news." Cognitive Linguistic Studies 9, no. 2 (2022): 266–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cogls.20010.han.

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Abstract Stemming from the widespread appearance of war metaphors in Vietnamese sports news, the article conducts the research on the emergence of metaphors related to the source domain of war in Vietnamese sports news. The International Commentary section aims to clarify the relationship between “sport” and “war” in Vietnamese mind maps. This article analyses the conceptual metaphor sport as war underlying the metaphorically used words and expressions in Vietnamese sports news and explains the mapping scheme between source domain and target domain. Based on the experiential correlations and k

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Abaalalaa, Hessah Shajaan, and Wesam M. A. Ibrahim. "Metaphors of cancer in the Arabic language: An analysis of the use of metaphors in the online narratives of breast cancer patients." Open Linguistics 8, no. 1 (2022): 27–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opli-2022-0184.

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Abstract This study explores the use of metaphors in the narratives of breast cancer patients in online magazine websites in the Arabic language. It aims to find similarities and/or differences between English and Arabic in respect of the metaphorical constructions of cancer experiences. The corpus of the study consists of 13,705 words in 19 narratives in Arabic. We used the metaphor identification procedure of Pragglejaz Group (2007) to detect the metaphors in the corpus. We focused on the role of metaphor in constructing our experience of cancer, and examined which metaphors are more frequen

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HOANG THI KIM, OANH. "A DMT-Based Study on Interpreting Conceptual Metaphors from Quotations of Climate Action Discourses of Top Leaders around the UN." International Journal of Language and Literary Studies 6, no. 3 (2024): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.36892/ijlls.v6i3.1733.

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The article reports the study interpreting conceptual metaphors relating to climate crisis from the deliberate metaphors in 84 quotations of climate action discourses of top leaders around the United Nations delivered in 2023. Applying Steen’s (2008; 2023a) Deliberate Metaphor Theory and Reijnierse et al.’s (2018) Deliberate Metaphor Identification Procedure, the study interprets 19 conceptual metaphors, in which, on the schematicity levels, six conceptual metaphors are perceived on image schemata, four on domains, and nine on frames. Among those 19 conceptual metaphors (nine quotations concur

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Almeida, Maria Clotilde, and Bibiana de Sousa. "From Monomodal to Multimodal Metaphors in the Portuguese sports newspaper A Bola." Revista Brasileira de Linguística Aplicada 15, no. 2 (2015): 403–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1984-639820156058.

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Following our comprehensive study of conceptual metaphor occurrences in the Portuguese sports newspaper A Bola (ALMEIDA, 2013) and the research on multimodal metaphor (Forceville, 2008, 2009, 2012), the present paper aims to analyse multimodal metaphors, depicting Cristiano Ronaldo on the covers of this very same newspaper. We wish to uncover conceptual affinities or differences between monomodal and multimodal metaphors as far as their source domains are concerned, namely those of WAR and RELIGION (ALMEIDA, 2013). Upon confronting monomodal and multimodal metaphors, we have unveiled that sour

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Feng, Debing, and Xiangxiang Wu. "Coronavirus, Demons, and War: Visual and Multimodal Metaphor in Chinese Public Service Advertisements." SAGE Open 12, no. 1 (2022): 215824402210788. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440221078855.

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Metaphors in public service advertisements, or PSAs, have played an important role in promoting the knowledge of COVID-19 and China’s anti-epidemic activities. Based primarily on Feng and O’Halloran’s visual representation of multimodal metaphor, this article examines visual and multimodal metaphors created in the online PSAs that were produced in early 2020 to publicize China’s epidemic prevention and control activities. It is found that those metaphors fall into three general groups, namely “coronavirus” metaphor, “anti-epidemic worker” metaphor, and “medical instrument” metaphor. Nearly all

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Truc, Tran Thi Thanh. "Source Domain “war” in American English business news discourse." Science & Technology Development Journal - Social Sciences & Humanities 4, no. 2 (2020): First. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdjssh.v4i2.556.

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Conceptual metaphor can be understood as the mapping between two conceptual domains whereas the linguistic metaphor is the linguistic expression of the mapping. Conceptual metaphor is the system of ideas mapped according to the perception of human being about life and expressed by linguistic metaphor. Conceptual metaphor with source domain WAR is one of the most common metaphors used in American English business news discourse. In conceptual metaphor model BUSINESS IS WAR, it can be found many words related to war such as ‘attack’, ‘withdraw’, ‘invade’, ‘besiege’, ‘fight’, ‘win’, ‘defense’, et

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Toleikienė, Reda, and Aina Būdvytytė-Gudienė. "Conceptual Metaphors in Basketball Discourse." Respectus Philologicus 23, no. 28 (2013): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/respectus.2013.23.28.11.

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This article presents part of the research performed within the scope of the national project “Conceptual Metaphors in Public Discourse,”1 financed by the Research Council of Lithuania. The aim of the present paper is to analyze conceptual metaphors in the discourse of the European Basketball Championship which took place in Kaunas, Lithuania in 2011, as well as to determine the source concepts. The analysis allows certain features of the images which are used while conceptualizing the entities related to basketball to be described. The metaphorical collocations drawn from the Lithuanian langu

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Fan, Huiyue. "A Comparative Study of COVID-19 Metaphors in Chinese and Foreign Media Discourse." Frontiers in Business, Economics and Management 6, no. 2 (2022): 248–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/fbem.v6i2.3038.

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Traditional metaphor studies only analyze metaphor as a common linguistic phenomenon, thinking that metaphor is only a rhetorical phenomenon that modifies discourse. In fact, as Lakoff said, metaphor is a universal phenomenon, it is everywhere, Metaphor is pervasive in everyday life, not just in language but in thought and action. Lakoff’s conceptual metaphor theory is a new breakthrough for the linguistics community. Metaphor has since got rid of the shackles of traditional rhetoric, and has officially embarked on the road of investigation and research in cognitive linguistics and cognitive s

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Yang, Cheng. "The Examination Metaphor and its Source Image Transformation in Chinese Urban Discourse." International Journal of Linguistics Studies 3, no. 3 (2023): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijls.2023.3.3.4.

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The examination metaphor in Chinese urban discourse appears more and more frequently, becoming a new kind of metaphor with Chinese characteristics, and its related research is an exploration of the external communication of urban image based on philosophical cognition and discourse rhetoric. The study of metaphors in urban discourse can follow the theoretical paradigm of "two identification and three grouping", in which specific metaphors are identified through quantitative and qualitative identification procedures, followed by a three-step grouping analysis of metaphor generation mechanism, d

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Jing, Tang. "A Comparative Study of the Evaluation Function of War Metaphors in the Perspective of Critical Metaphors." International Journal of Education and Humanities 8, no. 2 (2023): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ijeh.v8i2.7594.

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This paper analyzed the differences of China’s political stance and attitude in response to the recent China-US trade war and China-US epidemic war, provoked by the United States, through comparing the distribution differences of war metaphors as attitudinal resources in regular speeches relevant to these two events on the official website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs within the framework of conceptual metaphor and evaluation theory. Through the analysis of metaphorical interpretation and metaphor explanation, the study found that in the diplomatic discourse of the China-US epidemic war,

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Golshaie, Ramin, Arsalan Golfam, Mostafa Aasi, and Ferdous Aghagolzadeh. "A Corpus-based Evaluation of Conceptual Metaphor Theory's Assumptions: The Case of " RGUMENT IS WAR" Metaphor in Persian." Linguistic Essays 5, no. 1 (2014): 223–47. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13969438.

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In this study, two hypotheses of the conceptual metaphor theory were evaluated using a corpus-based method. According to the first hypothesis, metaphorical language has a secondary status compared to mental conceptual metaphors, and according to the second hypothesis, conventional linguistic metaphors are systematic. A corpus of fifty million words from the Hamshahri corpus was randomly sampled and analyzed using AntConc software. The findings from the corpus analysis indicate that the first hypothesis was not supported, while the second hypothesis of the conceptual metaphor theory received pa

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Golshaie, Ramin, Arsalan Golfam, Mostafa Aasi, and Ferdous Aghagolzadeh. "A Corpus-based Evaluation of Conceptual Metaphor Theory's Assumptions: The Case of " RGUMENT IS WAR" Metaphor in Persian." Linguistic Essays 5, no. 1 (2014): 223–47. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13998011.

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In this study, two hypotheses of the conceptual metaphor theory were evaluated using a corpus-based method. According to the first hypothesis, metaphorical language has a secondary status compared to mental conceptual metaphors, and according to the second hypothesis, conventional linguistic metaphors are systematic. A fifty-million-word corpus from the Hamshahri corpus was randomly sampled and analyzed using AntConc software. The findings from the corpus analysis indicate that the first hypothesis was not supported, while the second hypothesis of the conceptual metaphor theory received partia

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Li, Haoyong. "A study on the Metaphor Translation in Xi Jinping: The Governance of China from the Perspective of Functional Equivalence Theory." BCP Education & Psychology 8 (February 27, 2023): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpep.v8i.4268.

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Metaphors are frequently used in Chinese political discourses to express complex meanings and specify abstract ideas for better public perception. Therefore, strategies used in translating these metaphors can directly affect western readers' understanding of Chinese political thoughts and ideas. Xi Jinping: Governance of China collected speeches, and talks scripts of Xi Jinping since 2012. It epitomizes Chinese political discourses and offers a wide range of metaphors in Chinese political settings. This study aims to explore translation strategies used in metaphors in Xi Jinping: Governance of

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Lacković, Stjepan, Mateja Šporčić, and Marina Baralić. "War and Apocalypse Metaphors in Media Discourse on the Pandemic and Earthquake in Croatia 2020/2021." Medijska istraživanja 27, no. 2 (2021): 37–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22572/mi.27.2.2.

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The way we talk about complex and abstract ideas is abundant in metaphors. Many research studies have shown that even the most subtle metaphor can have a significant influence on the way people try to tackle various social problems. Thus, the assumption is that metaphors are not just a simple rhetorical tool, but also have a profound effect on how we conceptualize reality and respond to important social issues. In the last two decades, scientists have studied the impact of metaphorical framing on political discourse from different research perspectives. Metaphors are often used for framing pol

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Mujagić, Mersina, and Edin Dupanović. "Figurative language of segregation: the phenomenon of “two schools under one roof”." ExELL 12, no. 2 (2024): 103–30. https://doi.org/10.51558/2303-4858.2024.12.2.103.

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Post-war Bosnia and Herzegovina remains a society in which ethno-nationalist rhetoric and war memories permeate public discourse. This paper investigates the use of metaphors in media texts written in English and the Bosnian, Croatian, and Serbian language on the topic of ‘two schools under one roof’. Writing about this peculiar construct within the country’s educational system tackles socio-political factors and their effects on the provision of primary and second-ary education. We describe how metaphors as cognitive devices are used to portray educational developments in this post-conflict c

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Matienko, O. P. "Metaphors of the target sphere ‘economy' in the discourse of modern Russian media." Communication studies 9, no. 2 (2022): 298–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.24147/2413-6182.2022.9(2).298-312.

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We determined metaphors of the target sphere ‘economy' based on the material of the media discourse on economic topics. Modern journalistic texts, including texts on economic issues, are distinguished by the active use of a wide variety of expressive means, including metaphorical ones. Therefore, there is a need for consistent accounting and detailed description of current metaphorical models, considering the specifics of their functioning in various types of discourse. The choice of economic discourse is connected with the special position occupied by the economic part of culture, and with th

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Deng, Yu, Jixue Yang, Li Wang, and Yaokai Chen. "The Road Less Traveled: How COVID-19 Patients Use Metaphors to Frame Their Lived Experiences." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 23 (2022): 15979. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315979.

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Metaphor provides an important intellectual tool for communication about intense disease experiences. The present study aimed to investigate how COVID-19-infected persons metaphorically frame their lived experiences of COVID-19, and how the pandemic impacts on their mental health burden. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 33 patients afflicted with COVID-19. Metaphor analysis of patient narratives demonstrated that: (1) COVID-19 infection impacted patient conceptualization of themselves and the relationship between the “self” and the body, as well as social relationships.

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Lahlou, Hicham, and Hajar Abdul Rahim. "Conceptual metaphors in North African French-speaking news discourse about COVID-19." Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics 11, no. 3 (2022): 589–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v11i3.35949.

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Conceptual metaphors have received much attention in research on discourse about infectious diseases in recent years. Most studies found that conceptual metaphors of war dominate media discourse about disease. Similarly, a great deal of research has been undertaken on the new coronavirus, i.e., COVID-19, especially in the English news discourse as opposed to other languages. The present study, in contrast, analyses the conceptual metaphors used in COVID-19 discourse in French-language newspapers. The study explored the linguistic metaphors used in COVID-19 discourse in these newspapers and con

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Kim, Jeongyeon. "War Metaphors and COVID-19." Korean Society of Culture and Convergence 44, no. 6 (2022): 903–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33645/cnc.2022.6.44.6.903.

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This study analyzes the rhetoric of governments and the media through the concept of war metaphor in the context of COVID-19 pandemic, and examines its impact on democracy. War metaphors used as political rhetoric on COVID-19 are characterized by responses toward infected subjects based on the dichotomous division of good and evil or activation of wartime response system against an enemy. War rhetoric can take place as a strategy whereby a state intervenes and persuades extensively in the political and economic sectors. In the midst of COVID-19 pandemic, the war rhetoric by political leaders e

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Jawad, Hoshang Farooq, and Aram Kamil Noori. "A Cognitive-Semantic Study of Conceptual Metaphors in English News Reports." Journal of University of Human Development 7, no. 1 (2021): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/juhd.v7n1y2021.pp12-34.

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This study explores how the development of the conceptual metaphor theory opened new horizons into the way language can be manipulated in the portrayal of the world and our immediate and distant environment of which news, including political news are part. Moreover, political news is the most pervasive type we continually come into contact in our daily communication. Conceptual metaphor is a relation between two conceptual domains, namely, source domain which is concrete, and target domain which is abstract. For example, ARGUMENT IS WAR. We conceptualize and understand "ARGUMENT", the target d

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Rafat, Misbah. "Role of Metaphors in Controlling Meaning Making Processes: ‘War’ and ‘Fire’ Metaphor for COVID-19 Pandemic." Literature and Linguistics Journal 1, no. 1 (2022): 42–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.58425/llj.v1i1.97.

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Purpose: In recent times, development of languages has endorsed complexities and has advanced the communicative strategies. This present research has studied the role of ‘war’ and ‘fire’ metaphors for COVID-19 pandemic in influencing thinking pattern of people to analyze the differences in the meaning attached to the concepts of metaphors. Methodology: Open ended questionnaires were designed in qualitative research method and responses were encoded to generate the emerging patterns of meanings. Findings: The results have shown the contrasting features of the meaning making sense of people in a

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Jie, Bai. "A CONTRASTIVE STUDY OF WAR METAPHOR IN RUSSIAN AND CHINESE NEWS HEADLINES OF NEW MEDIA IN THE CONTEXT OF CONCEPTUAL METAPHORS." Scientific Reports of Bukhara State University 5, no. 4 (2021): 76–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.52297/2181-1466/2021/5/4/7.

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Introduction. Cognitive linguistics believes that metaphor is a way of human thinking and a powerful tool for cognition. In other words, the theory of cognitive metaphor believes that metaphor is not only a rhetorical technique, but also a way of human cognition, which affects the form of human thinking. In news headlines, metaphors are even more commonly used. In the current rapid development of new media, the first visual impact of news headlines on the audience plays a vital role in the spread of articles and the amount of reading. Based on the theoretical framework of conceptual metaphor,

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Yang, Zheng. "War Metaphors in Chinese Digital Media Coverage of COVID-19." Networking Knowledge: Journal of the MeCCSA Postgraduate Network 14, no. 1 (2021): 9–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31165/nk.2021.141.608.

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War metaphors have been found to be the most frequently used metaphors for conceptualizing diseases, epidemic and medicine. During the COVID-19 epidemic, war metaphors have been found to be widely used in both online and offline coverage. This study mainly focuses on how war metaphors were used in Chinese social media coverage about the COVID-19 epidemic. Using the method of semantic network analysis and the account of The People’s Daily on the Chinese social media platform Weibo as an example, the findings show that war metaphors are widely used in the digital coverage of COVID-19. Compared w

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Gao, Jinlin. "A Study on WAR Metaphors in the Reports on the Reform and Opening-Up Policy in China." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 13, no. 7 (2023): 1792–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1307.24.

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Based on the BCC (Beijing Language and Culture University Corpus Center) corpus, an analysis on the WAR metaphors in the reports on the Reform and Opening-up Policy in China showed that the potential metaphor in the report is THE IMPLEMENTATION OF REFORM AND OPENING-UP AS WAR, which is supported by such sub-metaphors as PLACES WHERE POLICIES ARE IMPLEMENTED AS BATTLEFIELDS; POLICIES OR THEORIES AS WEAPONS; IMPLEMENTATION OF POLICIES AS MILITARY ACTION; DIFFICULTIES AND RISKS AS ENEMIES. War metaphors highlight the conflicts, risks and strategies in the process, and arouse the sense of emergenc

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Zhang, Jing. "Study of the Self-constructed National Image in the Reports on the Belt and Road Initiative in China Daily." International Journal of Education and Humanities 9, no. 3 (2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ijeh.v9i3.10152.

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Taking the news reports on the the Belt and Road Initiative from September 9, 2013 to December 31, 2020 in China Daily, the mainstream English media in China, as the research object, this study adopts the critical metaphor analysis method to make a quantitative and qualitative analysis of conceptual metaphors in the news reports on the the Belt and Road Initiative, and explore the self-constructed national image. The research finds that (1) there are 12 main types of conceptual metaphors in the news reports, including architectural metaphors, friendship metaphors, travel metaphors, traffic met

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Savchenko, Anna Aleksandrovna. "Military metaphor in English-language popular science discourse on cybersecurity: Semantic, cognitive and pragmatic aspects." Philology. Issues of Theory and Practice 16, no. 9 (2023): 3028–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/phil20230473.

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The study is aimed at revealing the peculiarities of military metaphor functioning in the English-language popular science texts on cybersecurity. The article considers the metaphor notions “attack” and “defence”, identifies the most frequent metaphors, highlights original metaphors, provides justification for metaphorical transfer and analyses the contexts of their usage in semantic, cognitive, and pragmatic aspects. The scientific novelty of the study lies in identifying the most significant images representing the metaphorical model “Virtual Space is War” in English-language popular science

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Delbaere, Marjorie, and Adam D. Slobodzian. "Marketing’s metaphors have expired: An argument for a new dominant metaphor." Marketing Theory 19, no. 3 (2018): 391–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470593118796697.

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The discipline of marketing uses many metaphors. Historically, the dominant metaphors in marketing strategy have been adapted from warfare and military science. The purpose of this conceptual article is to analyze and evaluate commonly used warfare metaphors in marketing strategy. A cross-domain comparison of these metaphors and conceptualizations of war are assessed to determine whether they are still appropriate in light of the advancements in both military science and marketing theory. The analysis found that there are many fundamental and questionable differences between these two domains;

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