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Journal articles on the topic 'Wärtsilä'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 February 2022

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1

JÄRF, Christer, and Marek SUTKOWSKI. "The Wärtsilä 32GD engine for heavy gases." Combustion Engines 137, no. 2 (May 1, 2009): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-117187.

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The Wärtsilä 32GD engine is a stationary turbocharged “Gas-Diesel” engine which can operate on gas and oil fuel. The direct high-pressure gas injection is applied in this engine. The sophisticated control system of the engine allows operation on gas and oil fuel with very wide range of gas/oil fuel ratio which provides a unique flexibility of fuel usage. The Wärtsilä 32GD technology offers possibility to use good quality gas or heavier gases i.e. with high content of heavier hydrocarbons. The Wärtsilä 32GD engine development and the most important components of the Wärtsilä 32GD engine are presented. The working principles, operation mode, the engine performance and emission levels are described in the paper as well. The paper includes also specification for gas and oil fuels that can be used for the engine operation. The paper is concluded with some typical applications, reference installation and experience from running the engines on challenging fuels.

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2

Könnö, Juho, Hannu Tienhaara, and Tero Frondelius. "Wärtsilä Digital Design Platform." Rakenteiden Mekaniikka 50, no. 3 (August 21, 2017): 234–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.23998/rm.64621.

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We present a methodology for systematically using an SPDM platform as the cornerstone of product development. The target is to base product development on clearly defined targets and requirements in different phases of the product development lifecycle. This is achieved by means of a data-centered approach where all data is retained in a digital form in the platform. Instead of reporting, users are provided with different views to the same data. We will demonstrate how a static document-based validation system can be replaced by a common validation data platform. In addition, we aim to base the validation requirements on a reliability analysis workflow. In this case, the platform is used not only to handle the simulation data but to encompass the whole product validation scope. To this end, we show how to couple requirements to the simulations and handle all the design decision data together with the simulations and use these to drive the design. In addition, we present ways to replace simulation reports with dynamic dashboards. To complete the loop, we touch the topic of PLM integration as a tool for assuring completeness of validation data in the product lifecycle. The motivation for the activity is a dramatic reduction in product development time based on a possibly somewhat longer concept phase but less iterations during the detail design phase. We will also present decision making based on data stored in the platform as well as demonstrate the data-centered approach to validation data. In addition, other benefits such as the re-use of data and simulation workflows along with the automatically handled data management are demonstrated. To conclude, some end user opinions and experiences in adopting a new system will be presented. Future developments will include moving also the physical testing data and coupling that with the corresponding simulations and validation requirements.

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3

Klemola, Janne, and Tomi Kaarniemi. "Schnelllaufender Schiffsmotor Wärtsilä 14." MTZ - Motortechnische Zeitschrift 80, no. 6 (May 8, 2019): 76–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s35146-019-0035-0.

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4

Frigge, Patrick, Samuel Affolter, Daniel Bachmann, and Ronald Jong. "Neue Zweitakt-Schiffsdieselmotoren von Wärtsilä." MTZ - Motortechnische Zeitschrift 72, no. 11 (October 14, 2011): 846–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1365/s35146-011-0185-1.

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5

Aonami, Tetsu. "Wärtsilä 2-Stroke Engine for EEDI." Journal of The Japan Institute of Marine Engineering 50, no. 2 (2015): 233–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5988/jime.50.233.

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6

Fontell, Erkko. "Wärtsilä - Haldor Topsøe SOFC Test System." ECS Proceedings Volumes 2005-07, no. 1 (January 2005): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/200507.0123pv.

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7

Klemola, Janne, and Tomi Kaarniemi. "High-Speed Marine Engine Wärtsilä 14." MTZ worldwide 80, no. 6 (May 8, 2019): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s38313-019-0036-x.

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8

SUTKOWSKI, Marek. "Recent developments in Wärtsilä gas engines." Combustion Engines 141, no. 2 (May 1, 2010): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-117140.

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A power generation industry is evolving very fast nowadays. A lot of modern technologies have become available recently for a product development process. Also new types of fuels have appeared on the market. All these factors have caused significant changes in a power generation approach. New products enabling more environment-friendly technologies have been introduced by many key-players on the market. This paper describes briefly needs and directions of gas engines development in modern power generation industry. It also presents shortly history of Wärtsilä gas engines together with present gas engine portfolio covering products like: spark ignited gas engine, conventional dual-fuel one and a dual-fuel engine equipped with high-pressure direct gas injection system. The paper focuses on the most important aspects of the recent Wärtsilä gas engines development process explaining also achieved benefits. It covers main features and new fuels introduced during development of specific engine which are key factors for customers willing to use the most modern technology in this field.

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9

Frondelius, Tero, Hannu Tienhaara, and Mauri Haataja. "History of structural analysis & dynamics of Wärtsilä medium speed engines." Rakenteiden Mekaniikka 51, no. 2 (December 8, 2018): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.23998/rm.69735.

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This paper opens up the history of structural analysis and dynamics simulations of Wärtsilä engines. It cites already published articles and theses with some backgrounds information. It also discusses some of the backgrounds of the in-house tool development. Additionally, this paper presents the development of the computers and investment of the simulation capacity in order to understand how it has been the enabler of ever more complicated models. It lists the work done during fifty decades. The authors sincerely attempt to make this article as reader-friendly as possible, even though there are over 220 references, which of course demonstrates how dedicated Wärtsilä has been in supporting numerical simulations research in the past fivedecades.

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10

MJ Paulsrud, Heidi. "A Practical Guide to Wärtsilä Scrubber Systems." Journal of The Japan Institute of Marine Engineering 50, no. 3 (2015): 315–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5988/jime.50.315.

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11

Ashikaga, Yasunori. "Turbocharger Matching of Wärtsilä Low Speed Engines." Journal of The Japan Institute of Marine Engineering 51, no. 2 (2016): 182–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5988/jime.51.182.

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12

Quraishi, Hussain, Iain Huntly-Playle, Chris Chung, and Thomas Pedersen. "Approach to Autonomous Technology Development at Wärtsilä." Marine Engineering 55, no. 6 (November 1, 2020): 677–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5988/jime.55.677.

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13

Frigge, Patrick, Samuel Affolter, Daniel Bachmann, and Ronald de Jong. "New Two-Stroke Marine Diesel Engines from Wärtsilä." MTZ worldwide 72, no. 11 (November 2011): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1365/s38313-011-0105-2.

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14

Rokni, Masoud. "Dynamic Modeling of Wärtsilä 5 kW SOFC System." ECS Proceedings Volumes 2005-07, no. 1 (January 2005): 865–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/200507.0865pv.

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15

Vuotikka, Antti-Jussi, Marko Jokinen, Pasi Halla-aho, Jukka Aho, Antti Mäntylä, and Tero Frondelius. "Finite element method modeling of crankshaft axial impact measurements." Rakenteiden Mekaniikka 53, no. 2 (March 30, 2020): 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.23998/rm.80099.

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It has been recently discovered that there is a periodical axial impact phenomenon in a running engine crankshaft. Bending of the shaft causes signiﬁcant extension of the crankshaft and impact to the engine block through the axial thrust bearing. The aim of this work is to study impact-induced energy ﬂuctuations in a complex-shaped Wärtsilä sixteen vee 32 engine crankshaft by using an explicit ﬁnite element method (FEM) during the ﬁrst 25 ms after impact. Using the FEM allows us to study real components used in industry, and analyze their dynamics in the transient phase. In conclusion, we found interesting results that can be used as guidelines for a full-scale crankshaft measurement instrumentation plan. The full-scale measurements will be performed later in the Wärtsilä Oy facility at Vaasa, Finland. The main ﬁnding is that a substantive amount of energy is trapped in the head region and the ﬁrst two crank pins of the crankshaft, which can aﬀect crankshaft durability regarding high-cycle fatigue.

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16

Åstrand, Ulf. "The Wärtsilä 31 - The World’s Most Efficient 4-Stroke Engine." Journal of The Japan Institute of Marine Engineering 51, no. 2 (2016): 203–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5988/jime.51.203.

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17

Kobayashi, Kazuyuki. "Report on Visit to Wärtsilä in Japan and KOKANDO Museum." Journal of The Japan Institute of Marine Engineering 51, no. 2 (2016): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.5988/jime.51.249.

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18

Aonami, Tetsu. "WinGD Wärtsilä Low Speed 2-Stroke Low Pressure X-DF Engine Control." Journal of The Japan Institute of Marine Engineering 51, no. 1 (2016): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5988/jime.51.29.

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19

Kouhia, Reijo. "Preface, Plenary abstracts and the program of the RM50-seminar." Rakenteiden Mekaniikka 50, no. 3 (August 22, 2017): i—xv. http://dx.doi.org/10.23998/rm.65433.

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This issue contains papers of lectures presented at the journal’s 50-years anniversary seminar, at Vaasa University on 24-25 August 2017. The objective of this conference is to stimulate and promote research and applications within the area of solid mechanics, fluid mechanics and mathematical problems related to mechanics and especially to strengthen the collaboration between industry and academia. This kind of a seminar provides an ideal forum for researchers, designers, teachers and other professionals to network, discuss and share ideas and information. Sincere thanks go to all of the authors and participants for making the meeting a stimulating occasion. This issue contains abstracts of the five invited plenary talks and 57 peer reviewed extended abstracts. As a total, 72 talks will be given at the conference. The five invited plenary speakers are Dr. Pauli Jumppanen, the founding editor of the journal, Professor Claes Johnson from The Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden, Professor Anders Klarbring, Linköping University, Sweden, Professor Aki Mikkola, Lappeenranta University of Technology and General Manager, Analysis, Hannu Tienhaara, Wärtsilä Finland Oy. Especially, thanks to all of our collaborators: Wärtsilä Finland Oy, ABB Oy, AGCO POWER, Avant Tecno Oy, Comsol Oy, EDR&Medeso, Federation of Finnish Learned Societies, FEMdata, Finnish Association of Civil Engineers RIL, Global Boiler Works Oy, Pressus Oy, Ramboll Finland Oy, Valmet Oyj and Vertex Systems Oy, whose support was indispensable for the organisation of this conference. Finally, we thank all the reviewers for their important anonymous contribution under a very strict time constraint. August 2017 Editors

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20

Moriyama, Kouji. "Present State and Future Technologies for IMO Environmental Regulationby Wärtsilä Low Speed EngineTechnologies." Journal of The Japan Institute of Marine Engineering 46, no. 2 (2011): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5988/jime.46.157.

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21

Ollikainen, Toni, Jaakko Saarinen, Matias Halinen, Tero Hottinen, Matti Noponen, Erkko Fontell, and Jari Kiviaho. "Dynamic Simulation Tool APROS in SOFC Power Plant Modeling at Wärtsilä and VTT." ECS Transactions 7, no. 1 (December 19, 2019): 1821–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.2729294.

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22

Holtbecker, Rudolf. "Slow Steaming – Opportunities and Challenges - Experience with Slow Steaming on Wärtsilä Marine 2-Stroke Low-Speed Engines." Journal of The Japan Institute of Marine Engineering 49, no. 1 (2014): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5988/jime.49.52.

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23

Suopanki, Aslak. "Global Sulphur Cap 2020 and The Latest EGCS Trends - Wärtsilä EGCS - The Latest Technology and Achievements." Marine Engineering 56, no. 3 (May 1, 2021): 428–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5988/jime.56.428.

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24

M.I., Lamas, Rodríguez C.G., Telmo J., and Rodríguez J.D. "Numerical Analysis of Emissions from Marine Engines Using Alternative Fuels." Polish Maritime Research 22, no. 4 (December 1, 2015): 48–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pomr-2015-0070.

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AbstractThe current restrictions on emissions from marine engines, particularly sulphur oxides (SOx), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon dioxide (CO2), are compelling the shipping industry to a change of tendency. In the recent years, many primary and secondary reduction techniques have been proposed and employed in marine engines. Nevertheless, the increasingly restrictive legislation makes it very difficult to continue developing efficient reduction procedures at competitive prices. According to this, the paper presents the possibility to employ alternative fuels. A numerical model was developed to analyze the combustion process and emissions using oil fuel, natural gas and hydrogen. A commercial marine engine was studied, the Wärtsilä 6L 46. It was found, that hydrogen is the cleanest fuel regarding CO2, hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO). Nevertheless, it is very expensive for marine applications. Natural gas is cheaper and cleaner than fuel oil regarding CO2and CO emissions. Still, natural gas emits more NOxand HC than oil fuel. SOxdepends basically on the sulphur content of each particular fuel.

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25

Knežević, Vlatko, Josip Orović, Ladislav Stazić, and Jelena Čulin. "Fault Tree Analysis and Failure Diagnosis of Marine Diesel Engine Turbocharger System." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 12 (December 9, 2020): 1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8121004.

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The reliability of marine propulsion systems depends on the reliability of several sub-systems of a diesel engine. The scavenge air system is one of the crucial sub-systems of the marine engine with a turbocharger as an essential component. In this paper, the failures of a turbocharger are analyzed through the fault tree analysis (FTA) method to estimate the reliability of the system and to predict the cause of failures. The quantitative method is used for assessing the probability of faults occurring in the turbocharger system. The main failures of a scavenge air sub-system, such as air filter blockage, compressor fouling, turbine fouling (exhaust side), cooler tube blockage and cooler air side blockage, are simulated on a Wärtsilä-Transas engine simulator for a marine two-stroke diesel engine. The results obtained through the simulation can provide improvement in the maintenance plan, reliability of the propulsion system and optimization of turbocharger operation during exploitation time.

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26

Tuohineva, Terho, Ilkka Väisänen, Antti Mäntylä, Teemu Kuivaniemi, Mauri Haataja, and Tero Frondelius. "Benchmarking of two flexible multibody dynamic simulation software in engine simulations." Rakenteiden Mekaniikka 51, no. 2 (December 8, 2018): 32–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.23998/rm.69961.

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In this paper, two different commercial multibody dynamic (MBD) simulation software cases are studied. Due to the restrictions determined in the conditions of contract, the names of the software are not revealed, instead being called Software S and Software E. The central purpose of this research was to investigate the abilities of Software S in the simulation of a large engine, as a part of the strength analysis process. The abilities were studied by comparing the program with another, here called Software E, which is designed primarily for engine simulations. The capabilities of Software E have been proven after years of usage at Wärtsilä, resulting in its essential role in the strength analysis process today. The aim was to find the shortcomings and restrictions of Software S but also advantages it could bring to the strength analysis process for Wärtsilä. Similar simulation models were also built using both programs during this research. A 16-cylinder V-engine was selected as the subject because of its size in order to obtain further information about the behavior of the program when working with extensive model files. The components of the engine were flexible and were reduced FE models, also called super elements. The forces and contact situations that occur inside the engine were modeled using elements provided by the MBD programs. Different levels of detail of the modeling elements were used to obtain information about the flexibility of the program. The results obtained from time integrations were compared to ensure the similarity of both modeling elements used. Also, this paper reports the calculation times. In addition, a small-scale study was performed for Software S to clarify the effect of the modes used in time integrations towards results accuracy and calculation times. Simulation models were built successfully in both programs, and the results obtained correlated with each other on an adequate level. Significant differences appeared in the features and usability of the programs in general. The GUI of Software S is advanced and user-friendly, whereas Software E is not focused on these features. On the other hand, the modeling element library of Software E covers all of the required features related to large engine simulations, some of which Software S is lacking. This work can be used in assistance when considering buying new software for a company as well as when investigating new development areas that could be improved with new software.

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27

Lamas, M. I., and C. G. Rodríguez. "Numerical model to study the combustion process and emissions in the Wärtsilä 6L 46 four-stroke marine engine." Polish Maritime Research 20, no. 2 (April 1, 2013): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pomr-2013-0017.

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Abstract The aim of the present paper is to develop a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis to study the combustion process in a four-stroke marine diesel engine, the Wartsila 6L 46. The motivation comes from the importance of emissions from marine engines in the global emissions, particularly for nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulfur oxides (SOx). The pressure and temperature fields were obtained, as well as the exhaust gas composition. In order to validate this work, the numerical results were satisfactory compared with experimental ones, which indicates that this model is accurate enough to reproduce the fluid pattern inside the cylinder during the combustion process. Accordingly, the aim of future works is to use this numerical procedure to optimize the performance and reduce the emissions of the new marine engine designs.

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28

Dzida, Marek. "On the possible increasing of efficiency of ship power plant with the system combined of marine diesel engine, gas turbine and steam turbine, at the main engine - steam turbine mode of cooperation." Polish Maritime Research 16, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10012-008-0010-z.

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On the possible increasing of efficiency of ship power plant with the system combined of marine diesel engine, gas turbine and steam turbine, at the main engine - steam turbine mode of cooperation This paper presents a concept of a ship combined high-power system consisted of main piston engine and associated with it: gas power turbine and steam turbine subsystems, which make use of energy contained in exhaust gas from main piston engine. The combined system consisted of a piston combustion engine and an associated with it steam turbine subsystem, was considered. An algorithm and results of calculations of the particular subsystems, i.e. of piston combustion engine and steam turbine, are presented. Assumptions and limitations taken for calculations, as well as comparison of values of some parameters of the system and results of experimental investigations available from the literature sources, are also given. The system's energy optimization was performed from the thermodynamic point of view only. Any technical - economical analyses were not carried out. Numerical calculations were performed for a Wärtsilä slow-speed diesel engine of 52 MW output power.

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29

Lamas, Maria Isabel, Laura Castro-Santos, and Carlos G. Rodriguez. "Optimization of a Multiple Injection System in a Marine Diesel Engine through a Multiple-Criteria Decision-Making Approach." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 11 (November 20, 2020): 946. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8110946.

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In this work, a numerical model was developed to analyze the performance and emissions of a marine diesel engine, the Wärtsilä 6L 46. This model was validated using experimental measurements and was employed to analyze several pre-injection parameters such as pre-injection rate, duration, and starting instant. The modification of these parameters may lead to opposite effects on consumption and/or emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), and hydrocarbons (HC). According to this, the main goal of the present work is to employ a multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach to characterize the most appropriate injection pattern. Since determining the criteria weights significantly influences the overall result of a MCDM problem, a subjective weighting method was compared with four objective weighting methods: entropy, CRITIC (CRiteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation), variance, and standard deviation. The results showed the importance of subjectivism over objectivism in MCDM analyses. The CRITIC, variance, and standard deviation methods assigned more importance to NOx emissions and provided similar results. Nevertheless, the entropy method assigned more importance to consumption and provided a different injection pattern.

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30

Lamas, Maria Isabel, Juan de Dios Rodríguez, Laura Castro-Santos, and Luis Manuel Carral. "Effect of multiple injection strategies on emissions and performance in the Wärtsilä 6L 46 marine engine. A numerical approach." Journal of Cleaner Production 206 (January 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.09.165.

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31

Pelić, Vladimir, Tomislav Mrakovčić, Ozren Bukovac, and Marko Valčić. "Development and Validation of 4 Stroke Marine Diesel Engine Numerical Model." Journal of Maritime & Transportation Science 3, no. 3 (June 2020): 359–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18048/2020.00.27.

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Increasing demands on energy efficiency and environmental acceptance are being imposed on marine propulsion plants. The fulfilment of the conditions set by the MARPOL Convention, Annex VI, regarding the emissions from exhaust gases of marine diesel engines is of particular interest. This paper presents the development and validation of a zero-dimensional, single-zone diesel engine numerical model. Presented numerical model is based on the law of conservation of energy and mass and solving the resulting differential equations. The single-zone model will serve as the basis for a model where the cylinder space is divided into two or three zones during combustion. In this way, the multi-zone model will allow the modelling of nitrogen oxide emissions with satisfactory accuracy. Validation of the diesel engine model was carried out for the Wärtsilä 12V50DF 11700 kW motor designed to drive a synchronous alternator. Obtained results and deviations of certain parameters in the operation of the engine with respect to the data obtained from the measurements on the test bed, are more than satisfactory regarding complexity of the numerical model. This confirmed the usability of the model for research purposes to optimize the marine diesel engine.

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32

Hengeveld, J., M. J. Cannon, and M. J. Scheele. "A Model for Lubricant Stress in Modern Medium Speed Diesel Engines and its Verification in a Wärtsilä 4L20 Laboratory Engine." JOURNAL OF THE MARINE ENGINEERING SOCIETY IN JAPAN 34, no. 5 (1999): 340–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5988/jime1966.34.340.

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33

Lema, Jorge, Gerardo Arteaga, and William López. "Aumento de la presión del cárter por abrasión de los cilindros y la incidencia en la potencia del motor Wärtsilä Vasa 32." CienciAmérica 9, no. 4 (December 16, 2020): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.33210/ca.v9i4.341.

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INTRODUCCIÓN. En los motores Wärtsilä Vasa 32 pertenecientes a una empresa de servicios petroleros, se ha evidenciado un aumento de la presión del cárter del motor debido al descenso de la compresión desde la cámara de combustión, producido por un desgaste abrasivo en las camisas de los cilindros, lo que ha provocado una disminución anual de la potencia. OBJETIVO. Determinar el desgaste producido en una camisa, los valores de los elementos abrasivos que se encuentran dispersos en el combustible y aceite, y la dependencia de la potencia en función de la presión del cárter. MÉTODO. Realización de mediciones con instrumentos de metrología y análisis de elementos dispersos en el combustible y aceite en laboratorios internacionales. RESULTADOS. Los análisis de aceite y combustible indicaron una excesiva cantidad de vanadio, aumentando el desgaste abrasivo en las camisas. Este desgaste se comprobó midiendo el diámetro y la rugosidad media de una camisa, después de 12000 horas de funcionamiento y cuyos valores no estaban dentro de los límites recomendados por el fabricante del motor. DISCUSIÓN Y CONCLUSIONES. Existe una correlación lineal decreciente entre la potencia del motor y la presión del cárter. Además, se determinó que el crudo ecuatoriano tiene una elevada cantidad de vanadio.

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Benvenuto, G., and U. Campora. "Dynamic simulation of a high-performance sequentially turbocharged marine diesel engine." International Journal of Engine Research 3, no. 3 (June 1, 2002): 115–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/14680870260189244.

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The sequential turbocharging technique is used to improve the performance of highly rated diese engines in particular at part loads. However, the transient behaviour of the sequential turbocharging connection/disconnection phases may be difficult to calibrate and requires an accurate study and development. This may be accomplished, in addition to the necessary experimentation, by means of dynamic simulation techniques. In this paper a model for the dynamic simulation of a sequentially turbocharged diesel engine is presented. A two-zone, non-adiabatic, actual cycle approach is used for the chemical and thermodynamic phenomena simulation in the cylinder. Fluid mass and energy accumulation in the engine volumes are evaluated by means of a filling and emptying method. The simulation of the turbocharger dynamics combines the use of the compressor and turbine maps with a model of the sequential turbocharging connection/disconnection valves and of their governor system. The procedure is applied to the simulation of the Wärtsilä 18V 26X engine, a highly rated, recently developed, sequentially turbocharged marine diesel engine, whose experimental results are used for the steady state and transient validation of the simulation code with particular reference to the sequential turbocharging connection/disconnection phases. The presented results show the time histories of some important variables during typical engine load variations.

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35

Chun, A., C. C. M. Cunha, J. L. M. Donatelli, J. J. C. S. Santos, and C. B. Zabeu. "DEVELOPMENT OF OFF-DESIGN TURBOCHARGER MODELLING COMBINED WITH 1-D ENGINE MODEL." Revista de Engenharia Térmica 20, no. 1 (April 12, 2021): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/reterm.v20i1.80455.

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The present work aims to carry out an off-design turbocharger modellingpowered by exhaust gases from a Wärtsilä 20V34SG engine. First of all, 1-D engine model was already developed in GT-Power software whileconsidering a thermodynamic turbocharger modelling with constantisentropic efficiencies. Secondly, by using the results from 1-D enginemodel, the off-design turbocharger modelling is calibrated separately inEES software, taking into account compressible assumption, trianglevelocities and geometric dimensions. The case study is derived from a R&Dproject (ANEEL PD-06483-0318/2018) that targets to cool and dehumidifythe intake air at compressor’s upstream through a cooling coil, therebyallowing engine’s operation at reduced knocking conditions. The brakemean effective pressure (BMEP) is varied in the range of 20 to 23.45 bar,corresponding to brake power from 8.7 to 10.2 MW, respectively. With theoff-design turbocharger modelling it is possible to analyze its operationalbehavior under higher BMEP, hence, allowing to predict some importantparameters. The results showed that the turbocharger is operating within themanufacturer’s limit for BMEP of 23.45 bar, presenting total-to-staticisentropic efficiencies of 0.81 and 0.784 for compressor and turbine,respectively, rotational speed around 28135 RPM, pressure ratio atcompressor of 4.567 and maintaining control on waste-gate valve.

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Campblell, I. C., A. Chun, B. M. F. Miotto, J. L. M. Donatelli, J. J. C. S. Santos, C. C. M. Cunha, and C. B. Zabeu. "PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT OF A LARGE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE DUE TO INLET AIR COOLING AND DEHUMIDIFICATION: GT-POWER SOFTWARE SIMULATION." Revista de Engenharia Térmica 20, no. 2 (July 28, 2021): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/reterm.v20i2.81782.

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Large internal combustion engines (ICEs) performance is limited by knocking phenomenon due to harsh ambient conditions such as hot temperature and excessive humidity. The performance of these engines can be enhanced by cooling and dehumidifying the inlet air on turbocharger upstream under safe operation conditions through a cooling coil heat exchanger, hence, increasing the power output as well as reducing the brake specific fuel consumption and pollutant specific emissions. Analysis have been performed in the GT-POWER software through a 1-D thermodynamic modelling of the Wärtsilä W20V34SG engine, making it possible to verify the influence of cooled and dehumidified ambient air, considering a temperature range from 9.5°C (282.7 K) to 15.5°C (288.7 K), while keeping 1 bar for pressure and relative humidity of 100%. Furthermore, the brake mean effective pressure (BMEP) has been set from 20 to 23.45 bar with a step of 1.15 bar. Such simulations are aimed to find the maximum air temperature at the cooling coil outlet in which the average of maximum cylinder pressures does not exceed the safety limit pressure of 186 bar while maintaining control on the wastegate valve. As a result, it was possible to evaluate that the maximum temperature to be chosen, under the conditions already mentioned, should be lower than 13.8°C (287 K).

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Nosov, Pavlo, Serhii Zinchenko, Viktor Plokhikh, Ihor Popovych, Yurii Prokopchuk, Dmytro Makarchuk, Pavlo Mamenko, Vladyslav Moiseienko, and Andrii Ben. "Development and experimental study of analyzer to enhance maritime safety." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 4, no. 3(112) (August 31, 2021): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.239093.

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On the basis of empirical experimental data, relationships were identified indicating the influence of navigators' response to such vessel control indicators as maneuverability and safety. This formed a hypothesis about a non-random connection between the navigator's actions, response and parameters of maritime transport management. Within the framework of this hypothesis, logical-formal approaches were proposed that allow using server data of both maritime simulators and operating vessels in order to timely identify the occurrence of a critical situation with possible catastrophic consequences. A method for processing navigation data based on the analysis of temporal zones is proposed, which made it possible to prevent manifestations of reduced efficiency of maritime transport management by 22.5 %. Based on cluster analysis and automated neural networks, it was possible to identify temporary vessel control fragments and classify them by the level of danger. At the same time, the neural network test error was only 3.1 %, and the learning error was 3.8 %, which ensures the high quality of simulation results. The proposed approaches were tested using the Navi Trainer 5000 navigation simulator (Wärtsilä Corporation, Finland). The simulation of the system for identifying critical situations in maritime transport management made it possible to reduce the probability of catastrophic situations by 13.5 %. The use of automated artificial neural networks allowed defining critical situations in real time from the database of maritime transport management on the captain's bridge for an individual navigator.

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Dvornik, Joško, and Srđan Dvornik. "Dual-Fuel-Electric Propulsion Machinery Concept on LNG Carriers." Transactions on Maritime Science 3, no. 2 (October 21, 2014): 137–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.7225/toms.v03.n02.005.

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Human efforts to devise optimum propulsion for their vessels are as old as the vessels themselves. Today these efforts are even more determined as modern shipping requires propulsion systems that are increasingly reliable, available, cost-efficient and able to meet high ecological criteria. The heat transfer towards liquefied gas stored in tanks results in boil-off during cargo handling or voyage. The rate of the evaporated gas amounts to 0.13% per day during the voyage of a fully loaded ship. Steam turbines have been a dominant form of propulsion on liquefied natural gas - LNG carriers for over forty years. Until recently, the possibility of using boil-off gas as fuel for boilers has been the reason for installing steam plants as the only means of propulsion of LNG carriers. However, it has been proved that these plants are not sufficiently efficient due to adverse impacts on both emissions and the vessel’s operating expenses. It has also been found out that dual-fuel-electric propulsion is the most effective alternative to steam. Shipping companies select electric propulsion primarily because it provides excellent manoeuvrability and increased availability, allows reduction of the machinery space and better arrangement of shipping capacity and, naturally, because of lower fuel costs. This paper discusses the newest technologies and the operation principle of the low-pressure four-stroke dual-fuel diesel engine, specificallythe 12V50DF and 9L50DF types produced by Wärtsilä company, and the concept of the dual-fuel-electric propulsion for the new generation of LNG carriers.

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Lien, Ingebjørg. "Direct electric heating: an environmentally friendly flow-assurance tool." APPEA Journal 53, no. 2 (2013): 448. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj12059.

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In subsea flowlines, water in the line can form an ice-like structure called a hydrate plug. Wax appearance in flowlines also is a common flow assurance issue. Hydrate and wax appearance can reduce or stop production for weeks. Preventing hydrate and wax in pipelines is a major concern for the oil and gas industry. Direct electric heating (DEH) is a modern and environmentally friendly flow-assurance tool that can reduce capital expenditures (CAPEX) and operating expenditures (OPEX) in field development, reduce the probability of pollution, and reduce handling of toxic disposals as a result of traditional chemical flow assurance methods. DEH is based on using the pipeline as part of the electrical circuit, generating losses in the steel pipe to keep the pipeline and its content above the critical temperatures. Use of DEHs also increases the efficiency at the process plant after planned or unplanned production stops. For marginal fields and fields with heavy or waxy oil, DEH is a flow-assurance method that can enable these fields to be developed profitably. DEH is now a mature technology used for 13–14 years on the Norwegian continental shelf and technology implemented and used in West Africa recently. How successful this technology has been can be summarised by the Tyrihans field where Statoil quoted that they—on this project alone—saved about $USD175 million by implementing DEH. Wärtsilä has been part of the DEH development in Norway since the 90s, and undertakes design and supply of the complete topside power package in addition to electric and optical protection specially developed for DEH systems.

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Nosov, Pavlo, Serhii Zinchenko, Andrii Ben, Yurii Prokopchuk, Pavlo Mamenko, Ihor Popovych, Vladyslav Moiseienko, and Dmytro Kruglyj. "Navigation safety control system development through navigator action prediction by data mining means." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 2, no. 9 (110) (April 30, 2021): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.229237.

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Taking into account current trends in the development of ergatic maritime transport systems, the factors of the navigator’s influence on vessel control processes were determined. Within the framework of the research hypothesis, to improve navigation safety, it is necessary to apply predictive data mining models and automated vessel control. The paper proposes a diagram of the ergatic vessel control system and a model for identifying the influence of the navigator “human factor” during navigation. Within the framework of the model based on the principles of navigator decision trees, prediction by data mining means is applied, taking into account the identifiers of the occurrence of a critical situation. Based on the prediction results, a method for optimal vessel control in critical situations was developed, which is triggered at the nodes of the navigator decision tree, which reduces the likelihood of a critical impact on vessel control. The proposed approaches were tested in the research laboratory “Development of decision support systems, ergatic and automated vessel control systems”. The use of the Navi Trainer 5,000 navigation simulator (Wärtsilä Corporation, Finland) and simulation of the navigation safety control system for critical situations have confirmed its effectiveness. As a result of testing, it was determined that the activation of the system allowed reducing the likelihood of critical situations by 18–54 %. In 11 % of cases, the system switched the vessel control processes to automatic mode and, as a result, reduced the risk of emergencies. The use of automated data mining tools made it possible to neutralize the negative influence of the “human factor” of the navigator and to reduce the average maneuvering time during vessel navigation to 23 %

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Радченко, Роман Миколайович, and Максим Андрійович Пирисунько. "ЗМЕНШЕННЯ ВИКИДІВ ОКСИДІВ АЗОТУ З ВІДПРАЦЬОВАНИМИ ГАЗАМИ СУДНОВИХ ДИЗЕЛІВ." Aerospace technic and technology, no. 5 (November 8, 2018): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/aktt.2018.5.06.

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Solving the problem of ocean's airspace polluting with harmful emissions of ship-generated diesel engines by exhaust gases is associated with the creation of highly effective technologies for the neutralization of nitrogen oxides NOx from the diesel plant that apply both to vessels in service, designed and built. The air entering the engine is a working fluid that carries out a certain thermodynamic cycle, resulting in a change in its chemical composition, and the exhaust gas mixture contains many components. Emissions of harmful substances during the combustion of marine fuels are limited in accordance with international programs for the protection of the atmosphere and requirements of the International Maritime Organization IMO. Requirements apply all groups of harmful emissions of marine engines. The most stringent of them concern nitrogen oxides NOx and sulfur oxides SOx. To reduce harmful emissions from the exhaust gases into the environment, scientists and world leaders in engine construction, such as MAN Energy Solutions and Wärtsilä, apply and offer a variety of techniques to reduce the number of harmful substances in the exhaust gases. One of the most promising is the exhaust gas recirculation system (EGRS) of the ship diesel engine. Its advantage over other methods is the insignificant impact on the operation of the engine. During the exhaust gas recycling a temperature of the flame in the combustion chamber decreases, which leads to the reduction of NOx number. This is a consequence of the high rates of carbon dioxide and water vapor. Since the combustion rate is reduced, the exhaust temperature and the thermal load on the engine part are increased. The dilution of the inflow air with waste gas reduces the oxygen content in the supercharged air from 21 to 13%. The possibilities of the technology of the system of recirculation of exhaust gases of a marine engine are limited by the value of the ratio of O2/CO2 in the intake air, due to which the amount of combustion products at the inlet is limited to no more than 30%

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Rak, A., V. Busher, and O. Glazeva. "FEATURES OF POWER DETERMINATION OF AUXILIARY-EMERGENCY DRIVE MOTION OF A SHIP WITH A COMBINED DIESEL-ELECTRIC POWER PLANT." Electromechanical and energy saving systems 4, no. 52 (December 23, 2020): 8–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.30929/2072-2052.2020.4.52.8-16.

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Purpose. The paper compares the traditional method of calculating the parameters of electric motion of ships in auxiliary emergency modes at low speeds of the vessel with another, simplified because it does not require the use of a large number of diagrams to determine the resistance of the vessel. But according to a simplified method for this example – a container ship with a capacity of 16,000 containers with the main engine capacity of 61776 kW, a synchronous machine with a capacity of up to 6 MW in engine mode, and three diesel generators with an electric capacity of 3187 kW – 39 % more power is obtained. Own experience of operation of the vessel in modes with electric movement – loading of diesel generators in this mode on the vessel about 70 % that is received by calculations. Thus, when upgrading the propulsion system or designing new vessels, it is advisable to compare the results of two calculations of the power of diesel generators at the limit of the minimum stable speed of the main engine and choose the larger of the results. Methodology. Comparison of specific and absolute fuel consumption, made on the basis of known approximation polynomials for low- and high-speed types of diesel of the company at auxiliary emergency movement shows that at the movement from high-speed diesel generators MAK8M32S fuel consumption decreases by 24 %, then at the maintenance of the main engine 12 RTflex-96C from WÄRTSILÄ-SULZER. Results. Therefore, the use of electric motion allows you to save engine power of the main engine, reduce fuel consumption. This ratio is observed on most maritime transport vessels. And given that diesel generators operate at almost optimal load, and the main engine – at idle, electric motion provides a significant reduction in harmful emissions into the atmosphere. The latter is also true for a ship where the synchronous engine is located behind the main engine, although fuel consumption, in this case, increases by 32 %. Figures 9, tables 6, references 15.

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MAŃCZAK, Jacek. "RT-flex 60C Marine Diesel Engine." Combustion Engines 118, no. 1 (May 1, 2004): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-117420.

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Fundamental design issues for the new Sulzer RTA60C engine currently introduced by Wärtsila to the ship newbuilding market, the concept of electronic control – the RT-flex control applied on the mentioned engine – for fuel injection and exhaust valve actuation as well as the sequence of starting the two-stoke engine are covered in the present article1) .

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"Wärtsilä seals Hamworthy purchase." Filtration Industry Analyst 2012, no. 2 (February 2012): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1365-6937(12)70043-6.

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"Wärtsilä acquires Weir American Hydro." Sealing Technology 2016, no. 8 (August 2016): 4–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1350-4789(16)30250-1.

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"Wärtsilä starts up SOFC prototype." Fuel Cells Bulletin 2007, no. 12 (December 2007): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1464-2859(07)70414-5.

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"Wärtsilä divests its pumps business." Pump Industry Analyst 2018, no. 11 (November 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-6128(18)30282-9.

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"Wärtsilä acquires Weir American Hydro." World Pumps 2016, no. 9 (September 2016): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-1762(16)30209-7.

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"Wärtsilä divests its pumps business." World Pumps 2019, no. 1 (January 2019): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-1762(18)30383-3.

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"Wärtsilä wins cruise ship order." Pump Industry Analyst 2015, no. 2 (February 2015): 2–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-6128(15)30007-0.

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