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Journal articles on the topic 'Waste disposal in the ocean'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 July 2024

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1

Nasrullah, Abdul Haseeb Ansari, and Adis Putri Nelaniken. "THE LEGAL PROTECTION OF MARINE ECOSYSTEM FROM CIGARETTE BUTTS POLLUTION IN INDONESIA." IIUM Law Journal 29, no. 1 (2021): 129–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/iiumlj.v29i1.558.

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Indonesia is recognized as a country with high potential in maritime resources. However, Indonesia is also known as the second-largest contributor to plastic waste in the ocean. It is estimated that Indonesia contributes around 200,000 tonnes of plastic disposals. The highest pollutant of the plastic product was found to be cigarette butts. The trillions of cigarette butts generate chemical contamination the ocean waters. Chemicals that leach from the cigarette butts are extremely toxic to the aquatic life in the ocean. The marine pollution caused by this contamination was never seriously noti

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2

McIntyre, A. D. "Wastes in the ocean volume 6: Nearshore waste disposal." Marine Pollution Bulletin 18, no. 11 (1987): 613–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-326x(87)90285-2.

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3

Surinati, Dewi, and Muhammad Ramadhani Marfatah. "PENGARUH FAKTOR HIDRODINAMIKA TERHADAP SEBARAN LIMBAH AIR PANAS DI LAUT." OSEANA 44, no. 1 (2019): 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/oseana.2019.vol.44no.1.29.

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HYDRODYNAMICS EFFECT TO THE DISTRIBUTION OF THERMAL WASTE IN THE OCEAN. The ocean is a thermal waste disposal site derived from thermal power plants. The ecosystems and marine biota could be disrupted even massive damaged if this waste was disposed into the ocean without proper processing. All activities in the ocean need a well understanding of hydrodynamics to avoid or minimize any negative effects that may occur. It needs dispersion modeling of heat water prior to the construction of the power plant in order to reduce the impact of environmental damage.

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4

McIntyre, A. D. "Wastes in the Ocean volume 5: Deep sea waste disposal." Marine Pollution Bulletin 18, no. 7 (1987): 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-326x(87)90326-2.

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5

Carton, Geoffrey, and Andrzej Jagusiewicz. "Historic Disposal of Munitions in U.S. and European Coastal Waters, How Historic Information Can be Used in Characterizing and Managing Risk." Marine Technology Society Journal 43, no. 4 (2009): 16–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.43.4.1.

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AbstractSea disposal of wastes from industry and government was accepted internationally as a safe and efficient practice until the 1970s. Options available for addressing excess, obsolete, and unserviceable munitions prior to the 1970s were limited to salvage, destruction by open detonation or open burning, or burial on land or at sea. Sea disposal of conventional and chemical munitions and other waste material was considered appropriate until the enactment of the Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter in 1972 and its 1996 Protocol prohibiting s

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6

Brunskill, Gregg. "Mine Waste Disposal in the Ocean: An Introduction." Oceanography 25, no. 2 (2012): 166–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2012.52.

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7

Ashalakshmi, K. S., and P. Arunachalam. "Solid Waste Management: A Case Study of Arppukara Grama Panchayat Of Kottayam District, Kerala (India)." Journal of Global Economy 6, no. 1 (2010): 33–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1956/jge.v6i1.104.

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In recent years, the flow of solid wastes in all over the world has been increasing. There is no question, that, this trend poses ever-increasing problems for society. Already, many cities are having trouble in disposing of mounting heaps of trash. Neighboring areas are reluctant to serve as the cities dumps and locations, that are suitable for land fill operations are getting scarce. Other methods of waste disposal are now recognized to create problems of their own. Burning garbage pollutes the air, while treatment of liquid wastes leaves sludge, which must be disposed of. Moreover, dumping w

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8

Rahman, Berri Miraz Kholipah, Wazir Mawardi, Muhammad Fedi Alfiadi Sondita, and Craig Proctor. "Estimation of Plastic and Other Waste Disposed of by Longline and Gillnet Fleets Operating from Cilacap." ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences 27, no. 2 (2022): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ik.ijms.27.2.141-150.

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Tuna-fishing boats based at the Cilacap Oceanic Fishing Port are potential contributors to marine debris in the Indian Ocean. Without a quantitative assessment of the types and amount of debris, port management cannot develop a strategy to address this problem. This study estimated the quantities of plastics and cartons disposed of by these fisheries in the Indian Ocean. Data were collected through observations and interviews with boat managers/owners or fishermen in the port, from August to November 2019, to evaluate the boat supplies loaded on board in the port and the waste returned to the

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9

Garcia Occhipinti, A. "A Conceptual Approach to Ocean Disposal." Water Science and Technology 18, no. 11 (1986): 141–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1986.0150.

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An ocean waste disposal system (OWDS) is a complex multidisciplinary engineering problem. The aim of this paper is to focus on the most relevant aspects, pointing out the most important processes and parameters and analysing how they interact. A research programme for field data collection and statistical analysis is recommended to define paramenters. The modelling of specific processes must contribute to a simulation which relates and weights the major factors and parameters operating. A conceptual simulation model is shown to be useful in designing the general layout of the system, and to pr

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10

Demars, Kenneth R., and Ronald C. Chaney. "Geotechnical Engineering Issues in Ocean Waste Disposal: A Review." Marine Georesources & Geotechnology 24, no. 3 (2006): 219–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10641190600894334.

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11

Sharp, J. J. "Marine outfalls for small coastal communities in Atlantic Canada." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 18, no. 3 (1991): 388–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l91-049.

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Atlantic Canada is a relatively sparsely populated region with a few large urban centres and many small communities. Many of these communities rely on secondary treatment plants for treatment and disposal of domestic wastes. However, with a generally low tax base and a small pool of technically qualified personnel, maintenance on the plants is often of low quality so that their performance deteriorates after a few years of operation. In this paper the argument is advanced that ocean outfalls provide a more satisfactory means of treating and disposing of domestic wastes in such cases. Details a

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12

Wilson, David. "Lens Waste: Indecent disposal." Optician 2018, no. 9 (2018): 182877–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/opti.2018.9.182877.

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13

Van Dyke, Jon M. "Ocean disposal of nuclear wastes." Marine Policy 12, no. 2 (1988): 82–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-597x(88)90036-x.

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14

Botes, W. A. M., and K. S. Russell. "The Option to Discharge Industrial or Sewage Effluent to the Marine Environment." Water Science and Technology 25, no. 1 (1992): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0012.

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The utilisation of the ocean for the disposal of domestic or industrial waste is a controversial subject with different views and perceptions by the public, the scientific community and developers. With extensive developments, increased stresses are exerted on the coastal zone areas. Disposal of wastes will have effect on the environment (land, atmosphere or ocean) and it is the responsibility of the scientific community and the authorities to minimise detrimental effects to the environment. The ocean as a disposal medium is an inappropriate medium to dispose of persistent toxic materials, how

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15

Tyler, Paul A. "Disposal in the deep sea: analogue of nature or faux ami?" Environmental Conservation 30, no. 1 (2003): 26–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s037689290300002x.

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The deep sea is the world's largest ecosystem by volume and is assumed to have a high assimilative capacity. Natural events, such as the sinking of surface plant and animal material to the seabed, sediment slides, benthic storms and hydrothermal vents can contribute vast amounts of material, both organic and inorganic, to the deep ocean. In the past the deep sea has been used as a repository for sewage, dredge spoil and radioactive waste. In addition, there has been interest in the disposal of large man-made objects and, more recently, the disposal of industrially-produced carbon dioxide. Some

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16

DI JIN. "Multimedia Waste Disposal Optimization under Uncertainty with an Ocean Option." Marine Resource Economics 9, no. 2 (1994): 119–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/mre.9.2.42629073.

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17

LESCHINE, T. "Ocean waste disposal management as a problem in decision-making." Ocean and Shoreline Management 11, no. 1 (1988): 5–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0951-8312(88)90003-3.

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18

Wittenborn, John L., and William M. Guerry. "Liability for Hazardous Wastes Produced During the Course of Ship Repair." Journal of Ship Production 6, no. 03 (1990): 175–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.1990.6.3.175.

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Many common ship repair tasks result in the production of quantities of various hazardous wastes. These wastes, regardless of volume, present difficult burdens for shipyards and the U.S. Navy. Under federal environmental laws, the responsibility for handling hazardous wastes and the liability for their ultimate disposal rests with the person or persons who create the wastes and who arrange for their disposal. Oftentimes, however, the responsibility and liability for handling and disposing of these wastes is unclear. This is especially true when naval ships are repaired in contractor facilities

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19

Rawn, A. M., and F. R. Bowerman. "FACTORS INFLUENCING AND LIMITING THE LOCATION OF SEWER OCEAN OUTFALLS." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 1 (2010): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v1.21.

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A sewer outfall, or as it is commonly called and will be hereinafter termed, an ocean outfall, is customarily a pipe line extending seaward from the shore and designed to convey sewage and industrial wastes, treated or otherwise, to such a location offshore as is hoped, or expected, will prevent contamination of the nearby littoral waters, protect recreational facilities in the vicinity, and result in a disposal of the contaminating wastes without nuisance or menace to public health. Protection of aquatic life is at times the most important consideration. Unless the cost of construction is ver

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20

Garber, William F. "Ocean Disposal Systems for Sewage Sludge and Effluent." Water Science and Technology 18, no. 11 (1986): 219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1986.0157.

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In 1983 the Marine Board, Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems, National Research Council-Academy of Sciences organized a Committee on Ocean Waste Transportation to consider the question of “Ocean Disposal Systems for Sewage Sludge and Effluent”. A report of the work of the Committee was published by the National Academy Press in 1984. A comprehensive contract study of outfall and barge or ship disposal procedures for sludge solids was made for Committee use. This helped show that a systems approach is required to find the optimum combination of source control, treatment and ocean d

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21

Perkins, E. J. "The ocean dumping quandary: Waste disposal in the New York Bight." Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 23, no. 2 (1986): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0272-7714(86)90061-2.

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22

Gormley, W. Paul. "The ocean dumping quandary: Waste disposal in the New York bight." Ocean Management 10, no. 1 (1986): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0302-184x(86)90008-9.

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23

Kehoe, Terence, and Charles Jacobson. "Environmental Decision Making and DDT Production at Montrose Chemical Corporation of California." Enterprise & Society 4, no. 4 (2003): 640–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1467222700012945.

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In this article, we examine the decisions made by corporate executives and government officials that led to the discharge with minimal treatment of hundreds of metric tons of dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT) waste into the Pacific Ocean over several decades. After World War II, Montrose Chemical Corporation of California's Los Angeles plant began making the new wonder pesticide, and Montrose executives worked with local officials to develop a waste disposal system that funneled the plant's process wastes into the county sewer system and ultimately into the ocean. Faced with increasing s

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24

Keene, John H. "Medical Waste: A Minimal Hazard." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 12, no. 11 (1991): 682–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/646266.

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Healthcare providers need to be aware of the facts regarding the environmental impact of regulated medical wastes and be prepared to voice concern over unnecessary and costly regulations. The wash-ups of waste, a small percentage of which was medical waste, on the beaches on New York and New Jersey in the summers of 1987 and 1988 prompted an immediate response by state and federal governments. Although it was demonstrated that this medical waste did not originate in healthcare facilities,' the public demanded that their elected representatives do something about what they perceived to be the d

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25

Allington, Ruth, and Geoffrey Walton. "Waste disposal, data collection and quarry design." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 63, no. 1 (1992): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.1992.063.01.06.

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26

Englert, Matthias, Simone Mohr, Saleem Chaudry, and Stephan Kurth. "Alternative Disposal Options for High-Level Radioactive Waste." Safety of Nuclear Waste Disposal 1 (November 10, 2021): 259–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/sand-1-259-2021.

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Abstract. Are alternatives to the disposal of high-level radioactive waste in a geology repository conceivable? We present the results of the first phase of a research project on the state of the art in science and technology for alternative disposal options. The project is financed by the Federal Office for the Safety of Nuclear Waste Management. Most recently, in 2015, the German Commission on the Storage of High-Level Radioactive Waste (Endlagerkommission) evaluated possible disposal technologies and classified them as either promising, conceivable, or to be pursued further. Only final disp

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27

Brown, S. H., E. B. White, M. Pechulis, and R. Carman. "Integrated Liquid Discharge System for Waste Disposal on Future Surface Combatants." Naval Engineers Journal 111, no. 3 (1999): 285–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-3584.1999.tb01979.x.

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28

Brown, Stuart H., Earl B. White, Mark Pechulis, and Richard Garman. "Integrated Liquid Discharge System for Waste Disposal on Future Surface Combatants." Naval Engineers Journal 111, no. 5 (1999): 122–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-3584.1999.tb02029.x.

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29

Duvall, David A. "Hazardous-Waste Minimization in the Naval Shipyards." Journal of Ship Production 6, no. 01 (1990): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.1990.6.1.8.

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Regulations and other costly constraints affecting the handling and disposal of hazardous waste materials are becoming increasingly restrictive and costly. Hazardous waste has become one of the most critical problems facing our nation today. Fines and criminal charges against companies and individuals for noncompliance are increasing. Disposal sites are decreasing. Real costs can amount to 10 to 15 times the original purchase price for hazardous materials. Future prospects are that the problem will certainly grow worse. The naval shipyards have taken an aggressive approach to waste minimizatio

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30

Asari, Misuzu, Megu Tsuchimura, Shin-ichi Sakai, Makoto Tsukiji, and Faafetai Sagapolutele. "Analysis of mismanaged plastic waste in Samoa to suggest proper waste management in Pacific island countries." Waste Management & Research 37, no. 12 (2019): 1207–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x19867391.

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Pacific island countries are facing critical challenges in managing the growing amount of increasingly diverse wastes because of changing lifestyles and the concentration of populations in urban areas. Although marine plastic waste is an issue in the Pacific region, there have been almost no studies of the estimation and impacts of ocean plastic waste, and measures to control such waste, in these countries. Here, first we conducted a questionnaire survey about consumption and disposal of plastic products at households in Samoa as one of the examples of Pacific island countries to grasp the flo

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31

Kusuma, Anita Dian Eka, and Akbar Kurnia Putra. "The Role of UNCLOS 1982 in Maintaining and Protecting the International Marine Environment." Lampung Journal of International Law 6, no. 1 (2024): 23–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.25041/lajil.v6i1.3379.

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The disposal of nuclear waste in the Sea of Japan is a complex and controversial issue where it involves aspects of international law and the international environment. Japan, as one of the largest nuclear waste-producing countries, has faced pressure to manage that waste in a way that complies with international legal principles and environmental norms. International law, such as the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), provides a framework for the management of marine resources, including waste disposal issues. However, the lack of clarity in international regulations re

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32

Bell, David H., and Derek D. Wilson. "Hazardous waste disposal in New Zealand." Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology 37, no. 1 (1988): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02590367.

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33

Mason, C. A., A. Häner, and G. Hamer. "Aerobic Thermophilic Waste Sludge Treatment." Water Science and Technology 25, no. 1 (1992): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0017.

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The expansion in both industrial and municipal wastewater treatment in recent years has resulted in a major increase in the quantities of by-product sludge produced and has exacerbated problems of waste sludge treatment and/or disposal. The traditional method for waste sewage sludge treatment is anaerobic mesophilic digestion for sludges that are to be disposed of on agricultural land. Other disposal methods for untreated sludges include incineration, an option receiving increased interest, and ocean dumping, an option that is environmentally incompatable and used much less frequently today co

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34

Dakhova, Ekaterina V., Ludmilla P. Mayorova, and Alexey I. Lukyanov. "Assessment of phytotoxicity of ash and slag waste from low-capacity boiler houses and individual heating systems on the example of the town Shakhtersk, Sakhalin region." RUDN Journal of Ecology and Life Safety 30, no. 3 (2022): 280–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2310-2022-30-3-280-291.

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The relevance of the work is due to the study of the issue of disposal and possible use of ash and slag waste in small towns, in particular in the Far East, where the predominant types of heating are low-power boilers or individual heating systems. The simplest and clearest methods for assessing the impact of generated waste on the environment are bioindicative methods, in particular, the assessment of phytotoxicity. The analysis of the phytotoxic effect of ash and slag wastes of various origins and different periods of storage, as well as coal samples in the conditions of urban settlements, w

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35

Hai-jun, Wei, Wang Guo-you, and Wang Xiao-rui. "Research on Application of Waste Plastic Disposal of Marine Diesel Engines." Marine Technology and SNAME News 45, no. 04 (2008): 191–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.2008.45.4.191.

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The purpose of this paper is to study the applicability of thermal processed fuel oil (hereafter called waste plastic disposal, or WPD) of diesel engines using low-quality fuel oil. In the experiment, stability of engine operation and components of exhaust gas, such as NOx and COx, were inspected from basic and applicable points of view. This paper illustrates a new test and result of WPD oil applied to marine diesel engines. In recent years, efforts have to be made to develop an advanced technique for recycling waste plastics in order to use scrapped plastics as fuel for diesel engines. It is

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36

Norris, Simon. "Multiple roles of clays in radioactive waste confinement – introduction." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 482, no. 1 (2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp482-2019-4.

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AbstractGeological disposal provides the safe long-term management solution for higher-activity radioactive waste. The development of a repository (or geological disposal facility) requires a systematic and integrated approach, taking into account the characteristics of the waste to be emplaced, the enclosing engineered barriers, and the host rock and its geological setting.Clays and clayey material are important in the development of many national geological disposal systems. Clays exhibit many interesting properties, and are proposed both as host rocks and as material for engineered barriers

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37

Araiza-Aguilar, Juan Antonio, Silke Cram-Heydrich, Naxhelli Ruiz-Rivera, Oralia Oropeza-Orozco, María del Pilar Fernández-Lomelín, and María Neftalí Rojas-Valencia. "Municipal solid waste and risk from 1970 to 2020." Resources Environment and Information Engineering 3, no. 1 (2021): 124–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.25082/reie.2021.01.003.

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In the field of solid waste management, key concepts such as risk, impact and hazards have been used interchangeably and have had imprecise meanings and scopes; this can lead to a partial or biased vision, for example in relation to municipal solid waste management policies. This paper presents a review of the literature on the theme of municipal solid waste and risk. Analysis of scientific publications from the years 1970 to 2020 shows that the concept of risk in the field of solid waste has been approached from various perspectives and different interpretations. Of all risk components, vulne

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38

Bidula, Bose, Kumar Chand Sudeep, and Maharana Maheswar. "Stabilized pond ash barrier in municipal solid waste landfill." i-manager’s Journal on Civil Engineering 12, no. 4 (2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26634/jce.12.4.19050.

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The bottom liner is placed at the bottommost layer of an engineered landfill. To eradicate the swelling effect of traditionally used clay as liner material, in this research, pond ash is stabilized by using lime and gypsum. In the laboratory, experimental tests such as unconfined compressive strength and falling head permeability are performed to examine the engineering properties of pond ash and make it suitable for use as a construction material in landfill bottom liners. After 180 days of curing, the Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) of stabilized pond ash increased significantly, reach

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39

Liu, Wei Feng, Shu Xia Zhang, Jing Yu, and Jia Ye Zang. "Assessment Indexes System of Marine Ecosystem Damage Caused by Oil Spill." Applied Mechanics and Materials 508 (January 2014): 308–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.508.308.

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Index and methods for assessment is a foundation of precise qualitative and quantitative analysis for ecosystem damage caused by oil spill in ocean. The connotation of ecosystem damage assessment of oil spill in ocean is put forward based on marine ecosystem service value theory and damage mechanism and feature of oil spill. Using frequency analysis and expert advice method, assessment index system is set up, which contain seven indexes of fishery resources supply, gas regulation, waste disposal, disaster defense, entertainment, biodiversity conservation and ecological restoration.

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40

Proske, Herwig, Ján Vlcko, Mike S. Rosenbaum, Matthias Dorn, Martin Culshaw, and Brian Marker. "Special purpose mapping for waste disposal sites." Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 64, no. 1 (2005): 1–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10064-004-0261-6.

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41

Prasetyo, Akhmad Tri, Muslim Muslim, and Heny Suseno. "Modeling on 137Cs Radioactive Dispersion in Gosong Coast as The Candidate Location for Nuclear Power Plant." Jurnal Kelautan Tropis 24, no. 3 (2021): 291–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jkt.v24i3.11058.

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The study of radioactive dispersion in the ocean should be conducted to prepare the construction of nuclear power plant (NPP) in Gosong Coast, West Kalimantan. This study estimated the distribution of 137Cs radioactive from various scenarios of radioactive waste dumping if nuclear emergency is occurred during NPP’s operation. These scenarios were distinguished based on their volume discharges of radioactive waste into the ocean, included 10 m3 (Scenario I), 50 m3 (Scenario II), and 100 m3 (Scenario III). Model dispersions were constructed for 15 days by Delft3D-Flow module. The simulation show

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42

Tay, Kok Leng, Glenn Worthman, Rick Wadman, and Patrick Stewart. "Environmental monitoring of two fish waste ocean disposal sites in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada." International Journal of Environmental Engineering 1, no. 4 (2009): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijee.2009.027981.

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43

Garber, William F. "Sewage Sludge Disposal in Southern California, U.S.A." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 10-11 (1989): 1431–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0339.

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Disposal of sewage solids resulting from wastewater treatment processes has historically been the most difficult and “unsolved” problem in the handling of water-carried wastes in Southern California. Continuing rapid growth combined with Federal laws which essentially prohibit any discharge of sludge to the ocean regardless of net effects upon the land) water and air total environment have exacerbated this problem to an almost critical state. Complex incineration processes directed at producing energy from dried sludge while minimizing negative atmospheric impacts are under construction. Their

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44

Cherepovitsyn, Alexey, and Andrey Lebedev. "Drill Cuttings Disposal Efficiency in Offshore Oil Drilling." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, no. 2 (2023): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse11020317.

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The relevance of the study lies in the fact that with the depletion of conventional oil and gas reserves and an increase in the global demand for hydrocarbons, the focus of the industrial sector is gradually shifting towards the resources of the Arctic, which have tremendous potential for development. However, the current industrial policy has to take into account the concept of sustainable development, or harmony between economy, ecology, and society. Therefore, the extraction of raw materials must obey the principles of the circular economy, which aims to generate closed-loop cycles that max

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45

Roberts, Frank, Carmen Guarino, and Marlene Arias. "The Impact of Industrial Waste on Venezuelan Marine Water." Water Science and Technology 29, no. 8 (1994): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0380.

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The Puerto Cabello-Morón coastal area of Venezuela is an ideal location for industries that require large land areas, water, marine transportation, minimum habitation, cooling water and waste disposal options both on land and sea. However, mercury spills between 1957 and 1976 have produced concern in the entire coastal zone from Puerto Cabello to Chichiriviche (70 kilometres of coastline) and the National Park area. MARNR, the Ministry of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources in Venezuelarequested Bechtel to evaluate the impact of the majorindustries in this area. Bechtel's investigation

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46

Logan, Terry J. "Ocean Disposal Systems for Sewage Sludge and Effluent." Journal of Environmental Quality 15, no. 1 (1986): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jeq1986.00472425001500010021x.

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47

Sakti, Anjar Dimara, Aprilia Nidia Rinasti, Elprida Agustina, et al. "Multi-Scenario Model of Plastic Waste Accumulation Potential in Indonesia Using Integrated Remote Sensing, Statistic and Socio-Demographic Data." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 7 (2021): 481. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10070481.

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As a significant contributor of plastic waste to the marine environment, Indonesia is striving to construct a national strategy for reducing plastic debris. Hence, the primary aim of this study is to create a model for plastic waste quantity originating from the mainland, accumulated in estuaries. This was achieved by compiling baseline data of marine plastic disposal from the mainland via comprehensive contextualisation of data generated by remote sensing technology and spatial analysis. The parameters used in this study cover plastic waste generation, land cover, population distribution, and

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Zhang, Wei, Liu Yang, Ai He Wang, Cai Wen Wang, and Jun Zhou. "Advance of Sludge Producing, Hazards and Disposal Methods." Advanced Materials Research 1033-1034 (October 2014): 369–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1033-1034.369.

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Sludge on the ecological environment and human health dangers of long-term potential, the disposal of sludge should focus harmless, resources and energy of. The traditional method of sludge disposal as landfill, incineration, ocean emissions, compared to today's more stringent of environmental standards is clearly inappropriate; currently sludge recycling processes such as pyrolysis oil technology, fuel system technology, thermal Preparation of sorbent technology solutions are better resources and technology, are able to take full advantage of the high organic matter content of the sludge char

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Liu, Shunqi. "Nuclear Waste Dumping and the Improvement of International Legislation for the Protection of the Marine Environment -A Perspective on the Dumping of Nuclear Waste into the Sea in Japan." Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media 28, no. 1 (2023): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/28/20231240.

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The ocean is a vast and complex ecosystem covering 70% of the Earths surface, providing various resources and energy for humanity. However, with the development of human society, the function of the ocean has gradually shifted from a harvesting ground to a dumping ground. With large-scale damage to the marine environment, events like the 2011 Japanese nuclear leak and the recent decision by the Japanese Prime Minister to discharge nuclear wastewater into the Pacific Ocean have intensified the discourse on marine environmental protection. Different countries have shown varying stances and attit

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Shabalin, Boris, Olena Lavrynenko, and Natalia Mitsiuk. "Disposal of short-lived low- and intermediate-level waste: analysis of foreign experience." Proceedings of the NTUU “Igor Sikorsky KPI”. Series: Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving, no. 1 (March 31, 2023): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2617-9741.1.2023.276449.

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The article summarizes and analyzes the main approaches and practical experience of foreign countries regarding the disposal of short-lived low- and medium-level waste. Their place in the category of low-level waste according to the recommended classification of the IAEA, for which disposal in near-surface storage facilities is provided, is shown. Currently, in countries that operate nuclear facilities and develop nuclear technologies, there is no one approach to the disposal of such waste. The type of repository and its structural and technological solutions are determined by the specifics of

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