Relevant bibliographies by topics / Water-ammonia absorption chillers

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Academic literature on the topic 'Water-ammonia absorption chillers'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2025
Last updated: 23 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Water-ammonia absorption chillers"

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Agung, Desy, Gabriel Garcia Genta, Arnas Lubis, M. Idrus Alhamid, and Nasruddin Nasruddin. "Development of Key Components for 5 kW Ammonia–Water Absorption Chiller with Air-Cooled Absorber and Condenser." Energies 17, no. 17 (2024): 4376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17174376.

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An absorption chiller is an alternative cooling system that operates using heat from renewable energy sources and employs environmentally friendly working fluids, such as ammonia–water or lithium bromide–water. Given Indonesia’s high solar energy potential, solar cooling systems using absorption chillers are particularly promising. Solar thermal energy has been demonstrated to effectively power absorption chiller systems through both simulations and experiments. In Indonesia, there is significant potential to utilize small-capacity solar absorption chillers for buildings, particularly those employing air-cooled condensers and absorbers, which can reduce operational and maintenance costs. This research aimed to design a prototype of a 5 kW solar-assisted ammonia–water absorption chiller system specifically for residential applications. The system will be air-cooled to minimize space requirements compared to traditional water-cooled systems. The study addressed the design and specifications of the system’s components, dimensional considerations, and an analysis of the impact of the measurement instrument on the research outcomes. The results provide precise dimensions and specifications for the system components, offering a reference for the development of more advanced systems in the future.
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Lima, Alvaro A. S., Gustavo de N. P. Leite, Alvaro A. V. Ochoa, et al. "Absorption Refrigeration Systems Based on Ammonia as Refrigerant Using Different Absorbents: Review and Applications." Energies 14, no. 1 (2020): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14010048.

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The interest in employing absorption refrigeration systems is usually related to electricity’s precariousness since these systems generally use thermal rejects for their activation. The application of these systems is closely linked to the concept of energy polygeneration, in which the energy demand to operate them is reduced, which represents their main advantage over the conventional vapor compression system. Currently, the solution pairs used in commercial absorption chillers are lithium bromide/water and ammonia/water. The latter pair has been used in air conditioning and industrial processes due to the ammonia operation’s low temperature. Few review papers on absorption chillers have been published, discussing the use of solar energy as the input source of the systems, the evolution of the absorption refrigeration cycles over the last decades, and promising alternatives to increase the performance of absorption refrigeration systems. There is a lack of consistent studies about designing requirements for absorption chillers, so an updated review covering recent advances and suggested solutions to improve the use and operation of those absorption refrigeration systems using different working fluids is relevant. Hence, this presents a review of the state-of-the-art of ammonia/absorbent based absorption refrigeration systems, considering the most relevant studies, describing the development of this equipment over the years. The most relevant studies in the open literature were collected to describe this equipment’s development over the years, including thermodynamic properties, commercial manufacturers, experimental and numerical studies, and the prototypes designed and tested in this area. The manuscript focuses on reviewing studies in absorption refrigeration systems that use ammonia and absorbents, such as water, lithium nitrate, and lithium nitrate plus water. As a horizon to the future, the uses of absorption systems should be rising due to the increasing values of the electricity, and the environmental impact of the synthetic refrigerant fluids used in mechanical refrigeration equipment. In this context, the idea for a new configuration absorption chiller is to be more efficient, pollutant free to the environment, activated by a heat substantiable source, such as solar, with low cost and compactness structure to attend the thermal needs (comfort thermal) for residences, private and public buildings, and even the industrial and health building sector (thermal processes). To conclude, future recommendations are presented to deal with the improvement of the refrigeration absorption chiller by using solar energy, alternative fluids, multiple-effects, and advanced and hybrid configurations to reach the best absorption chiller to attend to the thermal needs of the residential and industrial sector around the world.
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Enoki, Koji, Fumi Watanabe, Atsushi Akisawa, and Toshitaka Takei. "Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Generator Temperature on the Performance of Solution Transportation Absorption Chiller." International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration 25, no. 03 (2017): 1750028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010132517500286.

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It is effective to recover waste heat to reduce primary energy consumption. From this point of view, we proposed and examined a new idea of heat transportation using ammonia–water as the working fluid in the system named the Solution Transportation Absorption chiller (STA). As waste heat sources are not necessarily located close to areas of heat demand, conventionally, absorption chillers are located on heat source side and produce chilled water that is transported to heat demand side through pipelines with an insulation. In contrast, the proposed system STA divides an absorption chiller into two parts. The generator and the condenser are located on heat source side while the evaporator and the absorber are on heat demand side. Both the conventional system and STA system satisfy the same boundary condition of heat recovery and heat supply to the demand side, STA can work for transferring thermal energy as the conventional system does even though the temperature of the media is ambient without an insulation. Our previous studies of the STA were based on the experimental investigation with the STA facility where the cooling power was 90[Formula: see text]kW (25.6 refrigeration ton) at the generator temperature 120[Formula: see text]C from 0[Formula: see text]m (normal absorption chiller) to 1000[Formula: see text]m. Thus, the Coefficient of Performance (COP) of STA was found to have almost the same value of 0.65 with conventional absorption chillers without depending on the transportation distances. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of generator temperature from 100[Formula: see text]C to 120[Formula: see text]C on the performance of solution transportation of ammonia–water solution, because the generator temperature is directly linked to the waste heat temperature, so its effect needs to be investigated. The experimental facility tested the performance with 0[Formula: see text]m (normal absorption chiller), 200[Formula: see text]m and 500[Formula: see text]m distance. The results indicate that the effect of the generator temperature and solution transportation distances showed no significant on the COP.
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Lazzarin, R. M., A. Gasparella, and P. Romagnoni. "Experimental report on the reliability of ammonia-water absorption chillers." International Journal of Refrigeration 19, no. 4 (1996): 247–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-7007(96)00017-5.

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Tao, Xuan, Dhinesh Thanganadar, and Kumar Patchigolla. "Compact Ammonia/Water Absorption Chiller of Different Cycle Configurations: Parametric Analysis Based on Heat Transfer Performance." Energies 15, no. 18 (2022): 6511. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15186511.

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Ammonia/water absorption chillers are driven by low-grade heat and cover wide refrigeration temperatures. This paper analyses single-stage ammonia/water absorption chillers. A numerical model was developed based on the heat exchanger performance. The model captures variational heat exchanger performances and describes the actual cycle with varying boundary conditions. The detrimental effects of refrigerant impurity were analysed quantitatively under different operating conditions. The model was validated with experimental data. A basic cycle and three advanced cycles were analysed for sub-zero refrigeration by comparing the thermodynamic performances. A compression-assisted cycle extended the activation temperature from 80 to 60 °C. At the heat source of 120 °C, when a counter-current desorber or bypassed rich solution was used, the COP increased from 0.51 to 0.58 or 0.57, respectively. The operating parameters included the heat source temperatures, heat sink temperatures, the mass flow rates and mass concentrations of rich solutions. Higher heat source temperatures increase cooling capacity. The increase was around 20 kW for the basic cycle of sub-zero refrigeration. There is an optimum heat source temperature maximising the COP. Higher heat source temperatures increased the refrigerant mass flow rate and reduced the mass concentration. The mass concentration can decrease from 0.999 to 0.960.
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Steiu, Simona, Daniel Salavera, Joan Carles Bruno, and Alberto Coronas. "A basis for the development of new ammonia–water–sodium hydroxide absorption chillers." International Journal of Refrigeration 32, no. 4 (2009): 577–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2009.02.017.

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Weber, Christine, Michael Berger, Florian Mehling, Alexander Heinrich, and Tomas Núñez. "Solar cooling with water–ammonia absorption chillers and concentrating solar collector – Operational experience." International Journal of Refrigeration 39 (March 2014): 57–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2013.08.022.

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Zacarias, Alejandro, J. A. Quiroz, Geydy Luz Gutiérrez-Urueta, M. Venegas, Ignacio Carvajal, and J. Rubio. "COMPARISON BETWEEN ADIABATIC AND NONADIABATIC ABSORPTION CHILLERS USING AMMONIA-LITHIUM NITRATE AND WATER-LITHIUM BROMIDE SOLUTIONS." Heat Transfer Research 51, no. 7 (2020): 609–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/heattransres.2019026621.

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Steiu, Simona, Joan Carles Bruno, Alberto Coronas, Ma Fresnedo San Roman, and Inmaculada Ortiz. "Separation of Ammonia/Water/Sodium Hydroxide Mixtures Using Reverse Osmosis Membranes for Low Temperature Driven Absorption Chillers." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 47, no. 24 (2008): 10020–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie8004012.

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Boudéhenn, François, Sylvain Bonnot, Hélène Demasles, Florent Lefrançois, Maxime Perier-Muzet, and Delphine Triché. "Development and Performances Overview of Ammonia-water Absorption Chillers with Cooling Capacities from 5 to 100 kW." Energy Procedia 91 (June 2016): 707–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2016.06.234.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Water-ammonia absorption chillers"

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Viswanathan, Vinodh Kumar. "Dynamic model for small-capacity ammonia-water absorption chiller." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/48939.

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Optimization of the performance of absorption systems during transient operations such as start-up and shut-down is particularly important for small-capacity chillers and heat pumps to minimize lifecycle costs. Dynamic models in the literature have been used to study responses to step changes in a single parameter, but more complex processes such as system start-up have not been studied in detail. A robust system-level model for simulating the transient behavior of an absorption chiller is developed here. Individual heat and mass exchangers are modeled using detailed segmental models. The UA-values and thermal masses of heat exchangers used in the model are representative of a practical operational chiller. Thermal masses of the heat exchangers and energy storage in the heat exchanging fluids are accounted for to achieve realistic transient simulation of the heat transfer processes in the chiller. The pressure drop due to fluid flow across the heat exchangers is considered negligible in comparison to the pressure difference between the high- and low-side components (~ 1.5 MPa). In components with significant mass transfer effects, reduced-order models are employed to decrease computational costs while also maintaining accurate system response. Mass and species storage in the cycle are modeled using storage devices. The storage devices account for expansion and contraction of the refrigerant and solution in the cycle as the system goes through start-up, shut-down, and other transient events. A counterflow falling film desorber model is employed to account for the heat and mass transfer interactions between the liquid and vapor phases, inside the desorber. The liquid film flows down counter to the rising vapor, thereby exchanging heat with the counterflowing heated coupling fluid. A segmented model is used to account for these processes, and a solver is developed for performing rapid iteration and quick estimation of unknown vapor and liquid states at the outlet of each segment of the desorber. Other components such as the rectifier, expansion valves and solution pump are modeled as quasi-steady devices. System start-up is simulated from ambient conditions, and the coupling fluid temperatures are assumed to start up to their steady-state values within the first 90 s of simulation. It is observed that the system attains steady-state in approximately 550 s. The evaporator cooling duty and COP of the chiller during steady-state are observed to be 3.41 kW and 0.60, respectively. Steady-state parameters such as flow rates, heat transfer rates and concentrations are found to match closely with results from simulations using corresponding steady-state models. Several control responses are investigated using this dynamic simulation model. System responses to step changes in the desorber coupling fluid temperature and flow rate, solution pumping rate, and valve setting are used to study the effects of several control strategies on system behavior. Results from this analysis can be used to optimize start-up and steady state performances. The model can also be used for devising and testing control strategies in commercial applications.
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Book chapters on the topic "Water-ammonia absorption chillers"

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Volf, Michal, Maryna Demianenko, Oleksandr Starynskyi, Oleksandr Liaposhchenko, and Alireza Mahdavi Nejad. "Numerical Simulation of the Mass-Transfer Process Between Ammonia and Water in the Absorption Chiller." In Advances in Design, Simulation and Manufacturing III. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50491-5_23.

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"Single-Stage Ammonia/Water Systems." In Absorption Chillers and Heat Pumps. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b19625-17.

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"Two-Stage Ammonia/Water Systems." In Absorption Chillers and Heat Pumps. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b19625-18.

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Conference papers on the topic "Water-ammonia absorption chillers"

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Hannon, C. L., J. Gerstmann, F. B. Mansfeld, and Z. N. Sun. "Development of Improved Corrosion Inhibitors for Ammonia-Water Absorption Heat Pumps." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-1294.

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Abstract This paper describes the initial results of a research project to develop an improved corrosion inhibitor for the protection of carbon steel surfaces of ammonia-water absorption heat pumps and chillers using rare earth metal salt (REMS) compounds. Chromate compounds are currently used as corrosion inhibitors, but they are toxic, environmentally harmful, and their use is being phased out in many localities. An effective corrosion inhibitor is needed to make advanced ammonia-water absorption heat pump and chiller systems practical. Low-temperature screening tests were conducted to evaluate the potential of cerium salts, a class of REMS compounds, to act as an inhibitor for steel in ammonia-water solutions. Successful results from these tests led to high-temperature (HT) testing in an innovative test apparatus, which simulated a range of temperatures, ammonia concentrations, and phases typically found in ammonia-water absorption systems. HT testing further demonstrated the effectiveness of cerium nitrate as a corrosion inhibitor, and suggested that it may outperform the Chromate compounds currently used. An additional outcome of the project was the successful demonstration of a cerium based surface pretreatment procedure, termed cerating, as an additional corrosion protection feature. Cerated surfaces will prevent corrosion of steel surfaces and ammonia decomposition at steel surfaces. These results have lead to the concept of a dual corrosion protection strategy utilizing a cerium based solution inhibitor with a cerating surface pretreatment to prevent both corrosion and ammonia decomposition. This approach is presently being pursued in a more intensive study.
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Khan, Muhammad Saad, Sambhaji T. Kadam, Alexios-Spyridon Kyriakides, et al. "Comparative Energy and Exergy Analysis of Large Capacity Ammonia-Water and Water-Lithium Bromide Vapor Absorption Refrigeration (VAR) Cycles." In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-71084.

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Abstract District Cooling Plants (DCP) is the sustainable way of energy consumption, refrigeration, and supply of chilled water to end-users via chillers and distribution networks. Thermodynamic assessment of the vapor absorption refrigeration (VAR) in the open literature has been performed for cooling capacity well below the actual requirement (less than 300 kW) of DCP. Therefore, this work aims to investigate energy and exergy analysis of large-scale single effect VAR cycles operated on NH3-water and water-LiBr systems for a cooling capacity of 4000 kW and assess several operating parameters’ influence on cycle performance. Different parameters such as evaporator operating pressure (water-LiBR = 0.010–0.020 atm, NH3-water = 5.39–6.20 atm), chilled water outlet temperature (288–297 K), absorber temperature (300–305 K), condenser temperature (310–315 K), cooling output (2900–4000 kW) and heat input (4300–5500 kW) to the generator are varied during the parametric analysis. The exergy destruction analysis of the cycle’s components is also included in the study. Overall, the COP (0.89) and Exergy efficiency (89%) of water-LiBr were found to be higher than that of an equivalent NH3-water system which is 0.697 and 81%, respectively. The maximum exergy destruction was found at the absorber unit (24%), followed by the generator (23%). Furthermore, the NH3-water and water-LiBr simulations were optimized for different parametric conditions, and optimal operating conditions were identified for large-capacity district cooling systems. Therefore, the findings will provide the roadmap for designing and optimizing large-scale DCP operated on VAR cycles.
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Kong, Dingfeng, Jianhua Liu, Liang Zhang, and Zhiyun Fang. "Investigation of a Ammonia-Water Absorption Chiller Performance." In 2010 Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/appeec.2010.5448881.

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Dingfeng, Kong, Liu Jianhua, Zhang Liang, Zheng Guangping, and Fang Zhiyun. "Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of a Single Stage Ammonia-Water Absorption Chiller Performance." In 2009 International Conference on Energy and Environment Technology. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceet.2009.121.

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Augusto Soares Lima, Álvaro, Carlos Antonio Cabral Santos, Alvaro Ochoa, and JOSÉ ÂNGELO PEIXOTO DA COSTA. "NUMERICAL EVALUATION FOR ABSORPTION CHILLER WORKING WITH WATER-AMMONIA BY COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS." In 25th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering. ABCM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26678/abcm.cobem2019.cob2019-1982.

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Soussi, Meriem. "Thermodynamic Modelling and Performance Assessment of a Solar Driven Ammonia Water Absorption Chiller." In EuroSun 2010. International Solar Energy Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18086/eurosun.2010.10.43.

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Bonnot, Sylvain, Delphine Triché, Hélène Demasles, Joël Wytttenbach, Florent Lefrançois, and François Boudéhenn. "Development and Experimental Study of a 5 kW Cooling Capacity Ammonia-Water Absorption Chiller." In EuroSun 2014. International Solar Energy Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18086/eurosun.2014.07.03.

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Priedeman, Douglas K., Michael A. Garrabrant, James A. Mathias, Roger E. Stout, and Richard N. Christensen. "Performance of a Residential Sized GAX Absorption Chiller." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0853.

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Abstract This research effort involved experimentally testing an advanced-cycle, ammonia-water absorption chiller with a cooling capacity of 17.6 kW (5 refrigeration tons (RT)). The system was a Generator-Absorber Heat Exchange (GAX) cycle and was sized for residential and light commercial use, where very little absorption equipment is currently used. The components of the cycle were assembled with instrumentation, including flow meters, pressure transducers, and thermocouples. The findings of the research were cycle cooling load and Coefficient of Performance (COP), as well as many component heat duties and working fluid state points throughout the cycle. The COP of the chiller at essentially full load was 0.68. Existing market research shows that significant business opportunities exist for a GAX heat pump or chiller with a cooling COP of 0.70 or greater. The work performed in this study provides a breadboard cycle with performance approaching the target value and identifies improvements that must be made to achieve a packaged unit operating with a cooling COP of 0.70.
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Zeiler, Marko, Reinhard Padinger, and Stefan Gunczy. "Operating Experience of a Solar Driven 10 KWc Ammonia/Water Absorption Chiller in a Modern Winery." In EuroSun 2010. International Solar Energy Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18086/eurosun.2010.10.51.

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Saidi, Karim, Ulrich Orth, Sven Boje, and Christian Frekers. "A Comparative Study of Combined Heat and Power Systems for a Typical Food Industry Application." In ASME Turbo Expo 2014: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2014-26234.

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In the food industry, there is typically a requirement for electric power, process steam as well as cooling capability. Based on actual requirements of a specific site, a study was performed to define two different Combined Heat and Power (CHP) options and to compare them over a one year period regarding the extent to which they satisfy the operator’s needs. CHP is defined as the sequential generation of two different forms of usable energy from a single fuel source. It is mechanical energy and thermal energy. The mechanical energy may be used either to drive a generator to produce electricity, or to drive rotating equipment such as a compressor. Thermal energy can be used either directly for process applications or indirectly to produce steam, hot water (district heating), or chilled water for cooling purposes. Combined Heat and Power technologies are proven, reliable and cost-effective. MAN can offer different CHP concepts adapted to specific customer requirements. This paper presents the results of a comparative study based on the typical requirements of the food industry. The CHP system has to cover the demand for power, saturated steam at two pressure levels, and cooling. Two different CHP options were studied and compared regarding technical and economic considerations. The first system proposed is based on a MAN’s gas turbine (model: THM1304-10N) in the 10 MW class, a Waste Heat Recovery Unit for steam production and one Absorption Chiller (ammonia/water) for cooling process. A share of the steam produced is used for driving the chiller. The second system includes a combined cycle with MAN’s new MGT6100 gas turbine in the 6 MW class. A Waste Heat Recovery Unit and a back pressure steam turbine with two extractions at two intermediate pressure levels are used. A part of the saturated steam at the outlet of the steam turbine drives the absorption chiller and the remainder is used for the third steam process. For both options, a supplementary firing is also considered. A technical and economical comparison between the two solutions is provided in order to show the advantages and the disadvantages of each system with regard to the requirements of the specified application.
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