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Journal articles on the topic 'Water Disinfection and disinfectants'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Springthorpe, S., M. Sander, K. Nolan, and S. A. Sattar. "Comparison of static and dynamic disinfection models for bacteria and viruses in water of varying quality." Water Science and Technology 43, no. 12 (2001): 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0727.

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Disinfection studies rarely use natural waters due to demands exerted on the applied disinfectants and lack of consistent disinfectant residuals. This study compared the degree of disinfection achieved in natural waters between conventional batch (static) models and a system of similar volume where disinfectant residuals were maintained at constant levels (dynamic). In the latter, disinfectant was delivered through a hollow fibre cartridge from a slipstream of a full-scale (chloramine) or pilot (chlorine) water treatment plant. The test organisms (hepatitis A virus, poliovirus, MS-2, Mycobacte

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2

Kamal, Mohamed Abdelhameed, Mahmoud Abdelaty Khalaf, Zakia Attia Mohamed Ahmed, and Jakeen El Jakee. "Evaluation of the efficacy of commonly used disinfectants against isolated chlorine-resistant strains from drinking water used in Egyptian cattle farms." December-2019 12, no. 12 (2019): 2025–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2019.2025-2035.

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Background and Aim: Drinking water of poor microbiological quality contains high percentages of microbes causing outbreaks of mainly coliform-related diseases. These microbes could be controlled by many hygienic standards including disinfection, but disinfectants misuse causes the developing of disinfectant-resistant strains. The present study aimed to investigate drinking water bacterial profile, determine chlorine-resistant strains, and statistically correlate that with the used disinfectant and disinfection process variables. In vitro evaluation of the bactericidal effect of the most common

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3

Feng, Cuimin, Na Zhu, Ying Li, Zhen Xu, and Ziyu Guo. "Microbial Characteristics of the Combined Ozone and Tea Polyphenols or Sodium Hypochlorite Disinfection in the Pipe Network." Water 13, no. 13 (2021): 1835. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13131835.

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Microbiological safety of water in the pipe network is an important guarantee for safe drinking water. Simulation tests of stainless steel pipe network were carried out using te4a polyphenols and sodium hypochlorite as auxiliary disinfectants for ozone disinfection to analyze the persistent disinfection effects of different combined disinfection methods by measuring the changes in total bacterial colonies in the water. High-throughput sequencing of microorganisms in the pipe network was performed to analyze the differences in the community structure of microorganisms in the water and pipe wall

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4

Rand, Jennie L., Gordon Shupe, and Graham A. Gagnon. "Synergistic Benefits Between Ultraviolt Light and Chlorine-Based Disinfectants for the Inactivation of Escherichia coli." Water Quality Research Journal 43, no. 1 (2008): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2008.008.

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Abstract Ultraviolet light is increasing in popularity as a primary disinfectant in drinking water treatment because of its effectiveness against chlorine-resistant pathogens and lack of disinfection by-product (DBP) formation. Previous bench-scale studies have shown that there are possibly synergistic benefits in reducing heterotrophic bacteria when ultraviolet (UV) light is coupled with chlorine (Cl2) or monochloramine (NH2Cl). Additional experiments have demonstrated that synergy exists between various disinfectants in controlling numerous bacteria, viruses, and protozoan. Few studies, to d

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Bensel, Tobias, Jens J. Bock, Anne Kebernik, Christin Arnold, Sonia Mansour, and Arne F. Boeckler. "Effect of Disinfectants on Mechanical Properties of Orthodontic Acrylics." International Journal of Biomaterials 2019 (April 24, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1096208.

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Objective. Infection control protocols in dentistry dictate that orthodontic acrylics have to be disinfected. No specific products for orthodontic acrylics are available. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of chemical disinfectants on mechanical properties of orthodontic acrylics.Materials and Methods. 260 test specimens of two cold-curing orthodontic acrylics were manufactured. Three chemical disinfecting agents were tested: Impresept, D050 Instru-Gen, and Stammopur DR. Test specimens were stored in distilled water and divided into test groups. E-Modulus, flexural st

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Boyce, John M. "Alcohols as Surface Disinfectants in Healthcare Settings." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 39, no. 3 (2018): 323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2017.301.

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Isopropyl alcohol and ethyl alcohol have been used as low-level disinfectants in healthcare settings for many years. Recent studies have found that ethyl alcohol inhibits protein synthesis in Escherichia coli by direct effects on ribosomes and RNA polymerase and that 60%–70% solutions have in vitro efficacy against murine norovirus, Ebola virus, and several coronaviruses. Alcohol prep pads or towelettes containing isopropyl or ethyl alcohol and water have been used primarily for disinfection of small noncritical items due to a concern regarding their rapid evaporation rates and associated shor

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7

Shkromada, O., Yu Dudchenko, T. Necherya, and I. Abubakari Kavla. "The research of disinfective properties of kontravir for disinfection of veterinary objects." Bulletin of Sumy National Agrarian University. The series: Veterinary Medicine, no. 3 (46) (October 1, 2019): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32845/bsnau.vet.2019.3.4.

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In this field, complex disinfectants were contrasted using effective concentrations against bacteria and spore-forming microorganisms. A significant problem for the owners is the emergence of resistance of strains of microorganisms in the existing production and the same disinfectants. Investigation of trusted working concentrations of disinfectants that do not have a corrosive effect on metal structures. According to the results of research and production, contrast is an effective disinfectant for reducing E. coli and S aureus at 0,3 – 0,5% concentration at exposure for 30 min. and consumptio

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8

Hosni, Ahmed A., William T. Shane, Jeffery G. Szabo, and Paul L. Bishop. "The disinfection efficacy of chlorine and chlorine dioxide as disinfectants of Bacillus globigii, a surrogate for Bacillus anthracis, in water networks: A comparative studyA paper submitted to the Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 36, no. 4 (2009): 732–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l09-001.

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Intentional contamination of drinking water with anthrax spores is a concern to water utilities. The spores may become embedded in the distribution pipe corrosion and biofilm, where they will be protected from residual disinfectants. This paper compares the disinfection effectiveness of chlorine and chlorine dioxide on Bacillus globigii , a surrogate for B. anthracis . Batch experiments were performed using both disinfectants. Data was analyzed using the delayed Chick-Watson model to determine the corresponding CTlag (CT = concentration × time) values and Watson plots, which indicate the domin

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9

Akinbomi, J. G., and E. C. Ikhide. "EVALUATION OF ALOE VERA POTENTIAL AS A SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE SUBSTITUTE FOR WELL-WATER DISINFECTION." Engineering and Technology Research Journal 5, no. 2 (2020): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.47545/etrj.2020.5.2.063.

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The need to find alternative water disinfectants without negative consequential health effects is imperative in view of the link that had been established between human consumption of chlorinated water and diseases such as cancer. Therefore, this study was set out to evaluate and compare the water disinfection potential of aloe vera and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in order to determine the suitability of using aloe vera as sodium hypochlorite substitute. The coliform count of the faecal thermo-tolerant coliform (non-Ecoli) isolated from well water sample was 49 cfu/100ml. Disinfectant efficaci

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Jehle, Karlheinz, Nick Jarrett, and Shaun Matthews. "Clean and Green: Saving Water in the Operating Theatre." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 90, no. 1 (2008): 22–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588408x242277.

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INTRODUCTION There is a growing trend to use alcohol-based hand disinfectants in clinical practice. In addition to their antibacterial efficacy, these disinfectants offer an alternative to traditional surgical hand disinfection agents that can save water in the operating theatre. MATERIALS AND METHODS The amounts of water and soap used during traditional surgical hand disinfection with antiseptic soap preparations were measured and water usage over a 1-year period was estimated. Costs of traditional disinfection agents were compared with alcohol-based agents. RESULTS One surgical hand disinfec

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Pareek, Sonia, Anup Nagaraj, Prateek Sharma, et al. "Disinfection of Dental Unit Water Line Using Aloe Vera: In Vitro Study." International Journal of Dentistry 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/618962.

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Context. Dental unit waterlines may be heavily contaminated with microorganisms and are a potential source of infection for both practicing staff and immunocompromised patients particularly. Contamination of dental unit water lines could be inhibited with the use of disinfectants. The present study investigates the effect of aloe-vera-based disinfectant in reducing the microbial growth in dental unit water lines (DUWLs).Aims. To compare the efficacy of aloe vera, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in controlling microbial contamination of DUWLs.Materials and Methods.

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Hune, Samantha R., Ann-Marie DiGeorge Foushee, Meredith C. Ervin, Stephen J. Anderson, Mark D. Ervin, and Amber M. Mallory. "An Analysis of the Effectiveness of High-level Disinfection for Surgical Instruments Used by Department of Defense Austere Surgical Teams." Military Medicine 186, Supplement_1 (2021): 122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usaa440.

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ABSTRACT Introduction The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the efficacy of currently employed commercial disinfectants in a simulated austere surgical environment similarly faced by ground surgical teams in forward deployed positions. Severe contamination of traumatic combat wounds along with limitations of operations in austere environments may result in available disinfectants providing inadequate surgical instrument decontamination. Materials and Methods The study consisted of nine experimental groups and two control groups evaluating hemostatic forceps found in kits of ground

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13

Narkis, N., A. Katz, F. Orshansky, Y. Kott, and Y. Friedland. "Disinfection of effluents by combinations of chlorine dioxide and chlorine." Water Science and Technology 31, no. 5-6 (1995): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0574.

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The behaviour of both chlorine dioxide and chlorine, either as an individual or as combined disinfectants were studied on effluents from activated sludge. The results of the disinfection efficiency, residual disinfectants and their by-products, obtained by treating the same effluents at the same day with identical dosing sequence of chlorine dioxide and chlorine, alone and in a combined dosing, were compared after periods of the same contact. In most cases, it seems that each disinfectant maintains its individual capabilities when used in a combined manner. The combination produced a relativel

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14

Patil, Rajshree A., Shankar B. Kausley, Pradeep L. Balkunde, and Chetan P. Malhotra. "Comparative study of disinfectants for use in low-cost gravity driven household water purifiers." Journal of Water and Health 11, no. 3 (2013): 443–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2013.206.

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Point-of-use (POU) gravity-driven household water purifiers have been proven to be a simple, low-cost and effective intervention for reducing the impact of waterborne diseases in developing countries. The goal of this study was to compare commonly used water disinfectants for their feasibility of adoption in low-cost POU water purifiers. The potency of each candidate disinfectant was evaluated by conducting a batch disinfection study for estimating the concentration of disinfectant needed to inactivate a given concentration of the bacterial strain Escherichia coli ATCC 11229. Based on the conc

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15

Szabo, Jeffrey, Mark Rodgers, Jatin Mistry, Joshua Steenbock, and John Hall. "The effectiveness of disinfection and flushing procedures to prevent coliform persistence in aircraft water systems." Water Supply 19, no. 5 (2018): 1339–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2018.195.

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Abstract A full-scale reproduction of an aircraft drinking water system was conditioned using municipal tap water with a mixture of free chlorine and chloramines, and subsequently contaminated with coliforms. Disinfection was undertaken using chlorine dioxide, ozone and a mixed oxidant solution followed by flushing until no disinfectant residual remained. Results showed that coliforms were not persistent on the aircraft plumbing surfaces, and coliforms were not detected after disinfection and flushing with any disinfectant. The one exception was the aerator installed in the lavatory faucet, wh

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16

McLennan, S. Devin, Lauren A. Peterson, and Joan B. Rose. "Comparison of Point-of-Use Technologies for Emergency Disinfection of Sewage-Contaminated Drinking Water." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 22 (2009): 7283–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00968-09.

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ABSTRACT Four point-of-use disinfection technologies for treating sewage-contaminated well water were compared. Three systems, based on flocculant-disinfectant packets and N-halamine chlorine and bromine contact disinfectants, provided a range of 4.0 to >6.6 log10 reductions (LR) of naturally occurring fecal indicator and heterotrophic bacteria and a range of 0.9 to >1.9 LR of coliphage.

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17

Roy, Adrija, Swayam Pragyan Parida, and Vikas Bhatia. "Role of disinfection and hand hygiene: a COVID-19 perspective." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 7, no. 7 (2020): 2845. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20203025.

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) being an acute respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is transmitted in most instances through respiratory droplets, direct contact with cases, and also through contaminated surfaces/objects. Though the virus survives on environmental surfaces for varied periods, it gets easily inactivated by disinfectants. Therefore, this article aims to highlight the role of surface disinfection and hand disinfection during the COVID-19 pandemic. Disinfection with appropriate and recommended physical or chemical disinfectants will not only reduce th

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Chaidez, Cristobal, Javier Lopez, and Nohelia Castro-del Campo. "Quaternary ammonium compounds: an alternative disinfection method for fresh produce wash water." Journal of Water and Health 5, no. 2 (2007): 329–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2007.009b.

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Irrigation water can serve as a vehicle for transporting pathogenic microorganisms, and numerous cases of bacterial infections from consumption of irrigated fresh produce have been reported in recent years. Chlorine-based disinfectants applied when produce is packed are widely used to control microorganisms. When applied properly, the chlorine products are effective. However, hazardous disinfection breakdown products can be formed, and chlorine disinfectants have high oxidant activity that can affect produce quality and pose a risk to food handlers. Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (QACs) are a d

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19

Antonelli, M., A. Turolla, V. Mezzanotte, and C. Nurizzo. "Peracetic acid for secondary effluent disinfection: a comprehensive performance assessment." Water Science and Technology 68, no. 12 (2013): 2638–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.542.

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The paper is a review of previous research on secondary effluent disinfection by peracetic acid (PAA) integrated with new data about the effect of a preliminary flash-mixing step. The process was studied at bench and pilot scale to assess its performance for discharge in surface water and agricultural reuse (target microorganisms: Escherichia coli and faecal coliform bacteria). The purposes of the research were: (1) determining PAA decay and disinfection kinetics as a function of operating parameters, (2) evaluating PAA suitability as a disinfectant, (3) assessing long-term disinfection effici

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20

Galal-Gorchev, Hend. "Chlorine in Water Disinfection." Pure and Applied Chemistry 68, no. 9 (1996): 1731–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac199668091731.

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Disinfection of drinking-water is one of the main achievements of our time in the protection of public health. The use of chlorine for the destruction of microbiological pathogens is essential to protect the public from outbreaks of waterborne disease. Chlorine, as well as other disinfectants, produces a variety of chemical by-products. The risk from the presence of microbial pathogens in drinking-water is estimated to be several orders of magnitude greater than the risk from chlorination by-products. Any efforts to control these by-products must not compromise the microbiological quality of d

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Avikainen, Hanna, Hilkka Koponen, Beata Meinander, and Risto Tahvonen. "The phytotoxicity of disinfectants and their effect at different temperatures." Agricultural and Food Science 2, no. 2 (1993): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.23986/afsci.72645.

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When disinfecting plastic growth containers, only sodium hypochloride (NaClO) caused damage both to cucumber and lettuce seedlings grown on peat if the containers had not been washed with water after disinfection. Also the seedlings grown on rockwool cubes were susceptible to Menno-Ter-forte when the growth containers were not properly rinsed after disinfection. All tested disinfectants caused damage to cucumber, lettuce and cauliflower seedlings when mixed in the peat substrate. The efficiency of disinfectants was higher at +20°C than at +5°C, especially against Fusarium culmorum, F. oxysporu

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Fang, Wei, Jiangyong Hu, and Say Leong Ong. "Effects of phosphorus on biofilm disinfections in model drinking water distribution systems." Journal of Water and Health 8, no. 3 (2009): 446–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2009.303.

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Drinking water biofilm development is affected by the available nutrient levels and the presence of disinfectants. Phosphorus is recognized as another important limiting nutrient besides organic carbon. In this study, drinking water biofilms were developed in annular reactors to examine the effects of phosphorus on the biofilm disinfections with free chlorine and monochloramine. Phosphorus addition was found to increase the biofilm cell number but decrease the exopolysaccharides (EPS) production. The disinfection efficacies of both free chlorine and monochloramine were increased when phosphoru

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Kawamura, Kiyoshi, Mitsumi Kaneko, Tsuyoshi Hirata, and Katsuhisa Taguchi. "Microbial Indicators for the Efficiency of Disinfection Processes." Water Science and Technology 18, no. 10 (1986): 175–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1986.0127.

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Fundamental studies have been conducted to find new microbial indicators for the effective inactivation of micro-organisms resistant to disinfectants and UV irradiation. Escherichiacoli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcusaureus, Candidatropicalis and spore-forming bacteria (isolated from sewage) were exposed to free chlorine or free ozone at concentrations in the range 10−2 to 100 mg/l, and 253.7 nm UV at light intensity levels of 101 to 103µW/cm2. For all disinfectants examined, the relation cn·t = const., where c is the disinfectant concentration and t the contact time for 99% reduction

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Golovko, Valery, Victor Kochmarskiy, and Andrey Bondarchuk. "DEFINITION OF bactericidal action in disinfectants TO Mycobacterium tuberculosis." Archives of Veterinary Medicine 6, no. 2 (2014): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.46784/e-avm.v6i2.152.

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One of the main directions in the system of prophylaxis and fight against tuberculosis of animals belongs to the disinfection. For each disinfectant, it is important to have the following: good solubility in water, to own the wide spectrum of antimicrobial action, not to reduce antimicrobial activity in the presence of organic matters and hard water, not to be toxic or low-toxic for people and animals, not to have an unpleasant smell, not to damage the decontaminated objects, to be proof at storage, accessible for transporting and application, and also economic when exposed in the environment.

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Skowron, Krzysztof, Ewa Wałecka-Zacharska, Katarzyna Grudlewska, et al. "Biocidal Effectiveness of Selected Disinfectants Solutions Based on Water and Ozonated Water against Listeria monocytogenes Strains." Microorganisms 7, no. 5 (2019): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7050127.

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The aim of this study was to compare the biocidal effectiveness of disinfectants solutions prepared with ozonated and non-ozonated water against Listeria monocytogenes. Six L. monocytogenes strains were the research material (four isolates from food: meat (LMO-M), dairy products (LMO-N), vegetables (LMO-W), and fish (LMO-R); one clinical strain (LMO-K) and reference strain ATCC 19111). The evaluation of the biocidal effectiveness of disinfectant solutions (QAC—quaternary ammonium compounds; OA—oxidizing agents; ChC—chlorine compounds; IC—iodine compounds; NANO—nanoparticles) was carried out, m

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26

Alfa, Dorcas, Sudesh Rathilal, V. L. Pillay, Kumnandi Pikwa, and Martha N. Chollom. "Development and evaluation of a small scale water disinfection system." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 6, no. 3 (2016): 389–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2016.093.

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Provision of microbiologically safe drinking water for people living in the rural areas of developing countries remains a major challenge to date. A simple gravity-driven membrane point of use system was developed based on woven fabric microﬁltration (WFMF) membranes. The WFMF is a loose type of membrane (0.45 μm). However, complete disinfection is not achieved with the WFMF, hence it was incorporated with two disinfectants. This study aimed to combine the WFMF with two disinfectants (WaterGuard and bromochlor tablets) to bring the water to the accepted quality for drinking. Four different typ

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Zhang, Shuai, Yue Wang, Ji Lu, et al. "Chlorine disinfection facilitates natural transformation through ROS-mediated oxidative stress." ISME Journal 15, no. 10 (2021): 2969–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41396-021-00980-4.

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AbstractThe bacterial infection that involves antimicrobial resistance is a rising global threat to public health. Chlorine-based water disinfection processes can inactivate antibiotic resistant bacteria. However, at the same time, these processes may cause the release of antibiotic resistance genes into the water as free DNA, and consequently increase the risk to disseminate antibiotic resistance via natural transformation. Presently, little is known about the contribution of residual chlorine affecting the transformation of extracellular antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). This study investi

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Rajala-Mustonen, Ritva L., and Helvi Heinonen-Tanski. "Effect of advanced oxidation processes on inactivation of coliphages." Water Science and Technology 31, no. 5-6 (1995): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0581.

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Chlorine and its derivatives are no longer regarded as acceptable disinfectants of water because of compounds they form with organic material in water. These compounds have been proved to be mutagenic and carcinogenic to man. Alternative disinfectants like UV radiation and ozonization are regarded as less harmful disinfectants of microorganisms in water. In the present study the effect of UV radiation alone and together with hydrogen peroxide, and ozone treatment on the inactivation of coliphages in tap water were studied. Two phage types, DNA- and RNA-phages were seeded into tap water and exp

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Paliy, A. P., N. V. Sumakova, A. M. Mashkey, V. V. Gontar, A. P. Palii, and D. A. Yurchenko. "Study of disinvasive properties of innovative aldehyde disinfectant." Journal for Veterinary Medicine, Biotechnology and Biosafety 6, no. 2 (2020): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.36016/jvmbbs-2020-6-2-6.

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The pollution rate of environment by pathogens of invasive diseases and contamination of manure, soil, water, and other objects by them are constantly changing depending on the prevalence and intensity of invasion among farm animals. Prevention and control of invasive animal diseases are essential to prevent their spread, as well as to obtain high-quality sanitary products for livestock production. The preservation of pathogens in the environment depends on the intensity of exposure to natural and artificial factors and their resistance to chemicals that are used for disinfection. A large numb

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Bernat, M., C. Casals, N. Teixidò, R. Torres, BC Carballo, and J. Usall. "Efficacy of environmental friendly disinfectants against the major postharvest pathogens of stone fruits on plastic and wood surfaces." Food Science and Technology International 25, no. 2 (2018): 109–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1082013218800193.

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Disinfection of surface facilities during postharvest handling operation is an important practice to avoid secondary fruit infections at stone fruit packinghouses. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of six environmental friendly disinfectants against Monilinia fructicola, Penicillium expansum, Rhizopus spp., and Alternaria spp. on plastic and wood surfaces. Hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, sodium hypochlorite, Mico-E-pro®, Proallium FRD-N®, and DMC Clean-CNS® were used as the disinfectants. Untreated and surfaces treated with water were used as controls. Plastic and wood surface

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Feng, Cuimin, Tong Wei, Shan Qing, Fang Han, and Xingcheng Tao. "Application of Tea Polyphenols and Their Effects on Ultrafiltration Effluent Disinfection and Microbial Risk." Water 13, no. 18 (2021): 2559. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13182559.

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To reduce the risk of by-products from traditional disinfection technology and to ensure safe water quality, tea polyphenols (TP) were used as disinfectants after the ultrafiltration (UF) process. The disinfectant effect of TP was tested on the total number of bacteria and changes in bacterial community structure, and pathogen virulence factors were detected by Illumina’s high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the recommended dosage of TP for water treatment after UF was 5 mg/L, which can effectively inhibit bacterial growth and maintain the disinfectant effect for up t

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Paliy, A. P., N. V. Sumakova, and K. O. Rodionova. "Disinvasive action of aldehyde and chlorine disinfectants on the test-culture of Toxocara canis eggs." Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 10, no. 4 (2020): 175–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/2020_185.

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Disinfection of environmental objects with highly effective disinfectants is a reliable and effective means of preventing the occurrence of outbreaks of infectious and parasitic diseases. The purpose of our work was to determine the disinfection properties of modern disinfectants based on the test culture of Toxocara canis helminths and to establish the optimal modes of their use. It has been proven that an aldehyde disinfectant containing didecyldimethylammonium chloride (2.25%), benzalkonium chloride (8.0%), glutaraldehyde (15.0%), phosphoric acid, nonionic surfactants, water exhibits disinv

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Rajnochova, Marketa, Ladislav Tuhovcak, and Jan Rucka. "Drinking Water Supply without Use of a Disinfectant." E3S Web of Conferences 30 (2018): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183001003.

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The paper focuses on the issue of drinking water supply without use of any disinfectants. Before the public water supply network operator begins to consider switching to operation without use of chemical disinfection, initial assessment should be made, whether or not the water supply system in question is suitable for this type of operation. The assessment is performed by applying the decision algorithm. The initial assessment is followed by another decision algorithm which serves for managing and controlling the process of switching to drinking water supply without use of a disinfectant. The

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Sobsey, Mark D. "Inactivation of Health-Related Microorganisms in Water by Disinfection Processes." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 3 (1989): 179–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0098.

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The recent literature on disinfection of health-related microorganisms in water and wastewater is reviewed. There is now considerable evidence that traditional microbial indicators of water and wastewater quality, such as total and fecal coliform bacteria, are inadequate to predict the presence or disinfection responses of several important, newly recognized bacterial, viral and protozoan pathogens. This review emphasizes the response to disinfection of waterborne microbial pathogens and potential indicators of recent recognition and public health concern. These organisms include heterotrophic

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Wolska, Małgorzata, Halina Urbańska-Kozłowska, and Marek Mołczan. "Introduction of an adsorption process into a surface water treatment system and its effect on disinfectant use." Water Supply 19, no. 5 (2019): 1354–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2019.001.

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Abstract The study was conducted in a full-scale water treatment facility where surface water is treated. The analysis of required disinfectant dosage changes and disinfectant usage was conducted in a time period starting 6 months before introducing adsorption on granular activated carbon (GAC) into the treatment system, and continuing for 6 months after adsorption introduction. During the analyzed time period, both chlorine and chlorine dioxide were used. They were dosed separately and rapidly mixed into a pipeline before the clean water tank. Both short-term and long-term disinfectant consum

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Trisovic, Tomislav, Miroslav Spasojevic, Milica Gvozdenovic, Branimir Jugovic, and Lidija Rafailovic. "Automatic devices for electrochemical water treatment with cooling of electrolyte." Chemical Industry 70, no. 2 (2016): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind140822026t.

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The most common disinfectants for water treatment are based on chlorine and its compounds. Practically, water treatments with chlorine compounds have no alternative, since they provide, in comparison to other effective processes such as ozonization or ultraviolet irradiation, high residual disinfection capacity. Unfortunately, all of chlorine-based compounds for disinfection tend to degrade during storage, thus reducing the concentration of active chlorine. Apart from degradation, additional problems are transportation, storage and handling of such hazardous compounds. Nowadays, a lot of atten

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Agthe, Niina, Kirsi Terho, Tiina Kurvinen, et al. "Microbiological Efficacy and Tolerability of a New, Non-Alcohol-Based Hand Disinfectant." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 30, no. 7 (2009): 685–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/598239.

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Objective.Alcohol-based hand disinfectants are widely used in hospitals. Occasionally, there is a need for non-alcohol-based products, but alternatives have been scarce. We studied the microbiological efficacy and tolerability of a water-based hand disinfectant for healthcare workers.Design.A water-based hand disinfectant was introduced as the only hand disinfectant in 5 wards in Turku University Hospital, Finland. Ninety-nine healthcare workers participated in fingerprint sampling during the 7-week study period. In another ward, 26 healthcare workers who were using alcohol-based hand disinfec

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Ammar, T. A., K. Y. Abid, A. A. El-Bindary, and A. Z. El-Sonbati. "Comparison of commercial analytical techniques for measuring chlorine dioxide in urban desalinated drinking water." Journal of Water and Health 13, no. 4 (2015): 970–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2015.012.

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Most drinking water industries are closely examining options to maintain a certain level of disinfectant residual through the entire distribution system. Chlorine dioxide is one of the promising disinfectants that is usually used as a secondary disinfectant, whereas the selection of the proper monitoring analytical technique to ensure disinfection and regulatory compliance has been debated within the industry. This research endeavored to objectively compare the performance of commercially available analytical techniques used for chlorine dioxide measurements (namely, chronoamperometry, DPD (N,

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Rutala, W. A., and D. J. Weber. "Uses of inorganic hypochlorite (bleach) in health-care facilities." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 10, no. 4 (1997): 597–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.10.4.597.

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Hypochlorite has been used as a disinfectant for more than 100 years. It has many of the properties of an ideal disinfectant, including a broad antimicrobial activity, rapid bactericidal action, reasonable persistence in treated potable water, ease of use, solubility in water, relative stability, relative nontoxicity at use concentrations, no poisonous residuals, no color, no staining, and low cost. The active species is undissociated hypochlorous acid (HOCl). Hypochlorites are lethal to most microbes, although viruses and vegetative bacteria are more susceptible than endospore-forming bacteri

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Pedahzur, Rami, Ovadia Lev, Badri Fattal, and Hillel I. Shuval. "The interaction of silver ions and hydrogen peroxide in the inactivation of E. coli: a preliminary evaluation of a new long acting residual drinking water disinfectant." Water Science and Technology 31, no. 5-6 (1995): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0579.

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The inactivation efficiencies of silver ions, hydrogen peroxide and their combination was studied as part of a performance evaluation of the combined disinfectant for drinking water applications. The major advantages of such combined disinfectant include, low toxicity of its components, long lasting residual effect and low disinfection by product formation. Specific strains of E. coli (E. coli-B (SR-9) and E. coli K-12) were used in this study as target microorganisms and the separate and combined inactivation efficiencies of silver and hydrogen peroxide were evaluated at different concentrati

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Cho, J., H. Choi, I. S. Kim, and G. Amy. "Chemical aspects and by-products of electrolyser." Water Supply 1, no. 4 (2001): 159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2001.0080.

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The electrolyser is a disinfection device consisting of a series of porous graphite plates through which water flows while low voltage and current are applied. This electrolyser had been demonstrated successfully for efficient microbial (coliform bacteria, bacteriophage, Giardia, and Cryptosporidium) inactivation before this study. In this study, chemical aspects were evaluated in terms of the formation of disinfectants and/or oxidants as well as disinfection by-products (DBPs) during the disinfection by the electrolyser. Experiments were performed under constant electrolyser conditions but va

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Hermanowicz, S. W., and F. L. Filho. "Disinfection and Attachment of Bacterial Cells." Water Science and Technology 26, no. 3-4 (1992): 655–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0446.

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Attachment of a mixed bacterial population isolated from well water was investigated using a rotating disk apparatus. The effects of two disinfectants (chlorine and monochloramine) applied to bacterial suspensions on subsequent cell attachment were examined. Both chlorine and chloramine appeared to adversely affect cell attachment.

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Walczak, Katarzyna, Jessica Thiele, Daniel Geisler, Klaus Boening, and Mieszko Wieckiewicz. "Effect of Chemical Disinfection on Chitosan Coated PMMA and PETG Surfaces—An In Vitro Study." Polymers 10, no. 5 (2018): 536. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10050536.

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In oral sciences, chitosan application is of interest due to its antimicrobial and hemostatic activity. Chitosan coating of dentures and other intraoral devices could be beneficial for treatment of denture stomatitis or in the management of postoperative bleeding. Disinfection of dentures and prosthodontic materials is crucial before their use in patients. This study investigated the influence of chemical disinfectants on chitosan-coated surfaces. A total of 100 specimens were made: 50 of PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), and 50 of PETG (polyethylene terephthalate glycol-modified) material and c

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Flores, Marina J., Rodolfo J. Brandi, Alberto E. Cassano, and Marisol D. Labas. "Kinetic model of water disinfection using peracetic acid including synergistic effects." Water Science and Technology 73, no. 2 (2015): 275–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.491.

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The disinfection efficiencies of a commercial mixture of peracetic acid against Escherichia coli were studied in laboratory scale experiments. The joint and separate action of two disinfectant agents, hydrogen peroxide and peracetic acid, were evaluated in order to observe synergistic effects. A kinetic model for each component of the mixture and for the commercial mixture was proposed. Through simple mathematical equations, the model describes different stages of attack by disinfectants during the inactivation process. Based on the experiments and the kinetic parameters obtained, it could be

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Morris, R. "Reduction of Microbial Levels in Sewage Effluents Using Chlorine and Peracetic Acid Disinfectants." Water Science and Technology 27, no. 3-4 (1993): 387–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0379.

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The application of the EC Bathing Water Directive to the quality of marine waters used for recreation in the UK has shown that a substantial number of popular bathing places are contaminated with sewage and sewage effluent. The presence of microbes at levels in excess of the EC Directive standards has resulted in a commitment by UK water companies to invest heavily in the treatment of sewage at coastal locations prior to sea discharge. This study reports on the bench scale disinfection of secondary effluent using disinfectants based on chlorine and peracetic acid. Under the experimental condit

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Núñez-Núñez, Cynthia M., Guillermo I. Osorio-Revilla, Ignacio Villanueva-Fierro, Christian Antileo, and José B. Proal-Nájera. "Solar Fecal Coliform Disinfection in a Wastewater Treatment Plant by Oxidation Processes: Kinetic Analysis as a Function of Solar Radiation." Water 12, no. 3 (2020): 639. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12030639.

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The final step in the treatment of municipal wastewater is disinfection, which is required to inactivate microorganisms that have survived after treatment. Chlorine and chloramines are widely used disinfectants in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP); however, the use of chlorine as a disinfectant presents several problems. In the present research, solar disinfection and photocatalytic disinfection processes have been applied to inactivate the fecal coliform microorganisms that are present in municipal wastewater treated by activated sludge in a WWTP. A 2 × 3 × 2 factorial design was applied. Th

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Al-Gheethi, Adel, Mohammed Al-Sahari, Marlinda Abdul Malek, et al. "Disinfection Methods and Survival of SARS-CoV-2 in the Environment and Contaminated Materials: A Bibliometric Analysis." Sustainability 12, no. 18 (2020): 7378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187378.

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The presence of SARS-CoV-2 in sewage and water resources has been used as an indication for the possible occurrence of the virus among communities and for its potential of transmission among humans through the surrounding environment or water resources. In order to reduce the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, contaminated surfaces should be disinfected frequently by using an effective disinfectant. The present review discusses a bibliometric analysis of the global SARS-CoV-2 research and focuses mainly on reviewing the efficiency of the most traditional disinfection technologies. The disinfection me

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Hsu, Kuei-ling, Abdulrahman A. Balhaddad, Isadora Martini Garcia, Fabricio Mezzomo Collares, Louis DePaola, and Mary Anne Melo. "Assessment of surface roughness changes on orthodontic acrylic resin by all-in-one spray disinfectant solutions." Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects 14, no. 2 (2020): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/joddd.2020.019.

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Background. The disinfection of orthodontic acrylic resins might change the physical and mechanicalproperties of these materials. We aimed to investigate the impact of four different commercially availabledisinfectants on the surface roughness of acrylic resins used for orthodontic appliances. Methods. Four disinfectant solutions (BirexSE, Opti-Cide3, COEfect MinuteSpray, and CaviCideSpray) were used to disinfect orthodontic acrylic resins using the spraying method. The resins weresubjected to repeated disinfection protocols. Distilled water, also applied via spraying method, was usedas a cont

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Lawryshyn, Y. A., and B. Cairns. "UV disinfection of water: the need for UV reactor validation." Water Supply 3, no. 4 (2003): 293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2003.0075.

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Disinfection by ultraviolet light (UV) has received wide endorsement as an important contribution to the multiple barrier approach for protection of public health. UV can be used both to disinfect wastewater discharged to the environment, and to disinfect that water when it is picked up again for human consumption. UV readily blocks infectivity by such chlorine-resistant pathogens as Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia lamblia and Legionella pneumophila. Multiple disinfectant use is now being discussed to broaden the spectrum of pathogens that can be inactivated by using disinfectants in their mos

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Seidel, K. M., J. M. Lopez Pila, and A. Grohmann. "Disinfection Capability in Water for Swimming and Bathing Pools: A Simple Method for Their Evaluation in Practice." Water Science and Technology 24, no. 2 (1991): 359–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0090.

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Prevention of infectious diseases transmission in swimming and bathing pools requires that sufficient disinfection capability is constantly maintained in the bathing water. Accordingly, German regulations make mandatory that any procedure for the treatment and disinfection of those waters must guarantee a certain minimum capability to inactivate human pathogens in the water. We describe here a simple method to evaluate the disinfection capability of pool water, expressed as the inactivation rate of selected microorganisms (Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli and Legionella pneumophila). Th

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