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1
Gabruk, R. A. "SAFETY OF DYNAMIC POSITIONING OF WATER TRANSPORT MOBILE OBJECTS IN THE SUPERIOR OF REASONS FOR TECHNICAL SYSTEMS FAILURE FROM DIFFERENT INDEPENDENT SOURCES." Scientific Bulletin Kherson State Maritime Academy 1, no. 22 (2020): 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33815/2313-4763.2020.1.22.004-010.
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technical system safety of mobile water transport object. The process of dynamic positioning control of mobile water transport object is studied as the interaction of components of the polyergatic system. The dynamic positioning operator is considered as a functional component, which forms the sence of the human factor in safety of marine navigation. It is determined that the property of heterogeneity of the locally confined space of the techno-natural complex plays a major role, which influences safety during all space-time interval of high-precision navigation realization during conducting the complex technological work. Probability, which in the paper is considered as a measure in well-known Kolmogorov’s probability space, reflects the functional stability criteria under conditions sudden failures. Failures arise as a result of an unfavorable combination of random external factors that exceed possibilities of complex dynamic system adaptation. The value of the heterogeneous flow of perturbing events affects the distribution density nature, because other members represent constants factors in research time frame. The corresponding adequate laws of distribution describe the probability of the reliable function of complex technical systems with different hierarchy levels. Based on the formulated algebraic expressions for common in marine practice two independent failure causes of the dynamic positioning system components, an algorithm was drawn up and simulated in the MATLAB software environment with additional usage of Simulink package. Developed software package allows during practical conditions on board and on shore find solutions to a whole problem class in order to ensure safe and reliable function of the technical component, which is a part of the polyergatic system that aimed to control dynamic positioning and technological work under flow of perturbing events. The perspective directions of further scientific researches have been determined. The main direction of further researches is a creation of new intelligent decision support systems, which are based on mathematical modelling and reliability prediction. One of proposed directions form scientific ground for improvement of international and local requirements, standards and rules for technical systems and equipment redundancy.
2
Shebani, Muamer M., and Tariq Iqbal. "Dynamic Modeling, Control, and Analysis of a Solar Water Pumping System for Libya." Journal of Renewable Energy 2017 (2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8504283.
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In recent years, one of the suitable solar photovoltaic (PV) applications is a water pumping system. The simplest solar PV pumping system consists of PV array, DC-DC converter, DC motor, and water pump. In this paper, water pumping system sizing for Libya is evaluated based on a daily demand using HOMER software, and dynamic modeling of a solar PV water pumping system using a Permanent Magnet DC (PMDC) motor is presented in Matlab/Simulink environment. The system performance with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) based on Fractional Open Circuit Voltage (FOCV) is evaluated with and without a battery storage system. In some applications, a rated voltage is needed to connect a PMDC motor to a PV array through a DC-DC converter and in other applications the input voltage can vary. The evaluation of the system is based on the performance during a change in solar irradiation. Using Matlab/Simulink, simulation results are assessed to see the efficiency of the system when it is operating at a specific speed or at the MPPT. The results show that an improvement in the system efficiency can be achieved when the PMDC motor is running at a specific speed rather than at the peak PV power point.
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Zhang, Zi Kuan. "Modeling and Simulation of Sensorless Control of BLDC Motor Based on Submersible Pump." Applied Mechanics and Materials 312 (February 2013): 786–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.312.786.
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In this paper, modeling selects sensorless control of permanent magnet brushless DC motor in terms of work condition of submersible pump under water. Motor reduced by Hall sensor so that maintenance. Motor was controlled by state space and back EMF zero-crossing in Matlab/Simulink, and constitute total simulation system along with the other modules. Eventually, motor character was estimated in accordance with waveforms of simulation, which offers foundation for the design of actual motor control system.
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Zhang, Liang, Bin Jiao, and Lei Li. "Modeling and Control Strategy of Series Hybrid Electric Vehicles." Applied Mechanics and Materials 543-547 (March 2014): 1246–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.543-547.1246.
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The modeling method and control strategy for series hybrid electric vehicles were presented in this paper. Firstly, the system structure and operation principles are discussed systematically; and then a control strategy is proposed based on the modeling of powertrain. Control strategy focus on the multi-modes switch logic and power distribution. In the last part of this paper, the simulation made in MATLAB/Simulink was introduced, which results indicate that the model and control strategy are correct.
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Yin, Yong Lan, Qing Gao, Bai Fa Zhu, and Ming Li. "Operating Modes of the Solar Assisted Drainwater System for Ground Source Heat Pump." Advanced Materials Research 171-172 (December 2010): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.171-172.67.
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To extend the area in applications of solar heat pump and drainwater heat recovery, the gravity film exchanger was employed to establish the solar assisted drainwater heat pump system. In this paper, two gravity film exchangers were assembled in the hybrid heat pump system to discuss the effect of water distribution ratio in two exchangers on the electric power complement and outlet water temperature of the condenser. The technology of Matlab/Simulink was used in modeling and simulations of the system by the performance curves and performance parameters of the corresponding system components. In the designing processes, the dynamic characteristics can be predicted, and the optimal operating conditions can also be concluded that appropriate water distribution ratio should be selected respectively for higher outlet temperature of the condenser or lower electric power complement.
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Sharma, Shivam, and Durgesh Kumar. "Modeling of Photovoltaic Based Grid-Tied System." International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 2, no. 2 (2014): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.221415.
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Energy consumption in world is now increasing substantially. Increasing scarcity and rising prices of fossil fuels may lead to economic instability. Continuously increasing in energy consumption will overloads the distribution grids as well as the power stations, therefore imposing a negative impact on power availability, security and quality. One of the solutions for overcoming this is use of renewable energy resources. The energy generation from PV based Grid-Tied System is highly intermittent in nature and shows wide variation because of continuous fluctuations in solar radiation intensity, temperature and unpredictable weather conditions (e.g. clouds, snow, wind, etc.). This poses a major challenge for the designers of grid connected PV systems for its applications. One of the major problems is the increase in the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of current injected into the grid. In this paper basic theory of grid connected photovoltaic system and proposes a new scheme for Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) improvement in grid connected Photovoltaic (PV) systems. A hysteresis current control method is introduced in this paper which is providing a PV system with reduced harmonics at the output. This Logic control can be used to improve the THD in grid connected PV systems. The whole system is modeled on MATLAB/SIMULINK. The Simulation results are given to show the overall system performance.
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LI, Ya Liang, Fei Zhao, and Zhi Rui Liang. "Modeling Simulation of Single-Phase Arc Grounding in Neutral Un-Effectual Grounding Power System Based on Matlab." Applied Mechanics and Materials 602-605 (August 2014): 3017–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.602-605.3017.
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Generally in China, the power distribution networks below 35kV level are Neutral un-effectual grounding systems. Single-phase electric arc grounding failure takes up the majority of neutral un-effectual grounding power system failures. However, it is a very complex process to deal with arc fault so that establishing a mathematical model for arc becomes challenging. Matlab Simulink was hence utilized to establish arc simulation model. Comparisons were made between the ideal wave form and the result based on the single phase arc grounding fault simulation to test the validity of the model, which shows good consistency.
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Nie, Hong Zhan, Ming Zhang, and Hong Shen. "Modeling and Simulation of Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy Generator." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 2525–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.2525.
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This paper focuses on the oscillating water column (OWC) wave energy generator. An overall mathematical model is established comprising of the wave energy capture, drive system, permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSG), vector control, maximum power point tracking (MPPT), and low voltage ride through (LVRT) control. With this mathematical model, an OWC wave energy generator based on PMSG simulation model is set up in Matlab/Simulink environment. A simulation analysis of the model is carried out which is connected to the grid under the condition of wave changes and power system faults. The simulation facilitates the MPPT and the decoupling control of power for OWC wave energy generator. Results show that the system with back-to- back PWM converter operates in a satisfying way and the model established works correctly and effectively.
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Anang, Nurhazwani, Mohammad Safwan AB Hamid, and Wan Mariam Wan Muda. "Simulation and Modelling of Electricity Usage Control and Monitoring System using ThingSpeak." Baghdad Science Journal 18, no. 2(Suppl.) (June 20, 2021): 0907. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2021.18.2(suppl.).0907.
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Renewable energy technology is growing fast especially photovoltaic (PV) system to move the conventional electricity generation and distribution towards smart grid. However, similar to monthly electricity bill, the PV energy producers can only monitor their energy PV generation once a month. Any malfuntion in PV system components may reduce the performance of the system without notice. Thus, developing a real-time monitoring system of PV production is very crucial for early detection. In addition, electricity consumption is also important to be monitored more frequently to increase energy savings awareness among consumers. Hardware based Internet-of-Thing (IoT) monitoring and control system is widely used. However, the implementation of the actual smart grid system is high in cost. Thus, simulation and modelling of the system is important to see the capability of the actual system before being employed. Since the smart grid and its components are usually modeled using MATLAB/Simulink, the communication between MATLAB/Simulink, IoT platform such as ThingSpeak and mobile application is crucial to be explored to gain a better understanding of the features of the smart grid. To achieve the objectives, there are five main steps which are simulation of grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system to generate data to be monitored and controlled using HOMER software, then, development of monitoring on ThingSpeak and mobile application using MIT App Inventor 2. Next, the control system is developed on mobile application and the communication on how data are transferred between all the softwares are set up. The results show that all the seletected parameters can be monitored in real-time successfully. The developed mobile application can be used to control the MATLAB/Simulink in two modes. During automatic mode, ThingSpeak controls the MATLAB/Simulink by giving a zero signal (OFF) if load demand is less than the power generated by PV and a one signal (ON) if the load demand is greater than PV power. During manual mode, consumer can send ON or OFF signal to MATLAB/Simulink via the mobile application unconditionally. It is hoped that the proposed system will bring many benefits in modeling a complete smart grid system in MATLAB/Simulink.
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Zhang, Yong Sheng, and Yun Yi Ma. "Research on Fuzzy Control System of the Water Level for Steam Generator." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 4184–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.4184.
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In order to improve the control quality of the water level for steam generator, a fuzzy level controller for steam generator is designed based on the fuzzy logic principle. The fuzzy logic toolbox and Simulink module of Matlab software are used for the modeling of the water level control system of steam generator. The operating condition of reducing load is calculated. Simulation result shows that the fuzzy control has such virtues as smaller overshoot, shorter regulating time and stronger robustness than the conventional three-element PID control. Fuzzy control is especially effective for nonlinear system like steam generator with multivariable, large time lagged and strong coupling. It is a very effective control method with widely application prospect.
11
Lamichhane, Anil, Lidan Zhou, Gang Yao, and Muhammad Luqman. "Modeling, Control and Power Management of Six-Phase PMSM Based Shipboard MVDC Distribution System." Energies 13, no. 16 (August 16, 2020): 4229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13164229.
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In the modern shipboard power system, there is a growing concern about reduced fuel economy, efficiency improvement, and minimized emission in recent years. Besides, considering the islanded nature of the shipboard power system, ensuring the system reliability at both generation and load side is crucial. In this context, a hybrid medium voltage DC (MVDC) distribution system concept with diesel engine, PV system, and battery energy storage system (BESS) as the generators for the shipboard power system is proposed. Variable speed operation of a diesel engine is considered for the benefit of minimal specific fuel oil consumption (SFOC). Regarding the fault-tolerant characteristics of six-phase permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM), it is used for both generating and motoring application, thus maintaining system reliability at any time. A hierarchical control system is designed and implemented to ensure proper load power-sharing among the generators and to regulate the dc-link voltage of the proposed MVDC distribution system. To bolster the intent of minimal SFOC zone operation of diesel engines and coordination between the generators and load, a deterministic rule-based power management system is proposed and implemented. The simulation is carried out for potential operational modes of a cruise ship in the MATLAB/Simulink environment. Simulation results show that the proposed topological and control structure has satisfactory performance in terms of power delivery, stable dc-link dynamics, and overall system stability.
12
Artal-Sevil, J. S., V. Ballestín-Bernad, J. Lujano-Rojas, R. Dufo-López, and J. L. Bernal-Agustín. "Modeling of a stand-alone solar photovoltaic water pumping system for irrigation." Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 21, no. 1 (July 2023): 662–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/repqj21.443.
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Solar photovoltaic water pumping systems have been research topics in recent decades. The purpose was to develop much more profitable and efficient systems to meet the needs of pumping water for livestock and irrigation. This paper describes the design of a stand-alone photovoltaic water pumping system. A Boost converter is used to apply the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm. Similarly, a three-phase voltage source converter (VSC) is used to supply the asynchronous motor. The installation must provide a continuous water flow during the irrigation interval. It has been verified that in adverse weather conditions (cloud transits or partly cloudy) it is necessary to incorporate a decentralized-hybrid energy storage system (based on batteries or ultracapacitors), or excessively oversize the standalone photovoltaic system, to supply the water pump. The model has been simulated in Matlab-Simulink. In this way, different simulations have been developed to verify the basic characteristics of the proposed system. The results of the simulated model and the conclusions obtained are also presented in this paper.
13
Zhang, Jing Ming, Shuang Shuang Cui, and You Cun Ren. "Modeling and Simulation of PHEV Regenerative Braking Test Platform." Advanced Materials Research 219-220 (March 2011): 1170–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.219-220.1170.
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In order to recycle regenerative braking energy, we built the PHEV regenerative braking test platform with model design concept, based on the parallel hybrid structure. We proposed a regenerative braking control strategy under parallel braking force distribution, and established the mathematical models for main elements of the platform. In order to confirm the performance and the operational reliability of the platform, simulation models of the regenerative braking system were built in MATLAB/Simulink by combining the test data with mathematic models. We chose universal NEDC drive cycles for simulation, and the results indicated that the regenerative braking energy was effectively recycled. The structure and control strategy of regenerative braking test platform was proved to be rational.
14
Hyun, Seung-Yoon, Ji-Song Hong, Sang-Yun Yun, Chang-Hwan Kim, and Youngwoo Lee. "Arc Modeling and Kurtosis Detection of Fault with Arc in Power Distribution Networks." Applied Sciences 12, no. 6 (March 8, 2022): 2777. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12062777.
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In power distribution networks, there are many practical fault cases such as high impedance faults, faults and so on. Especially when the faults with electric arc persist, it is dangerous for human beings and circumstances. Nevertheless, it is difficult to classify faults due to various customer load conditions or the presence of distributed energy resources. In this paper, we propose a new mathematical arc model based on experimental event data. For implementing the arc phenomenon, wet gravel was used as a contact conductor after the fault. The experimental results validate the arc transient model. Then, the simulations were performed to verify the success of arc modeling using Kizilcay’s arc model as a comparison method. Finally, we developed a fault detector using the kurtosis detection method, and power system simulations were conducted to evaluate fault detection performance using Matlab/Simulink.
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Zhang, Yong Sheng, and Shu Qin Zhao. "The Fuzzy Self-Tuning PID Control for Boiler Drum Water Level." Applied Mechanics and Materials 198-199 (September 2012): 1231–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.198-199.1231.
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In order to improve the control quality of water level for boiler drum, a fuzzy self-tuning PID level controller for boiler drum was designed based on the fuzzy logic principle. The fuzzy logic toolbox and Simulink module of Matlab software were used for the modeling of the water level control system of boiler drum. Numerical simulation was implemented. The result shows that the fuzzy self-tuning PID control has such virtues as smaller overshoot, shorter regulating time and stronger robustness than conventional three-element PID control. The fuzzy self-tuning PID control is especially effective for nonlinear system like boiler with multivariable, large time lagged and strong coupling. It is a very effective control method with widely application prospect.
16
Feng, Yi Wei, and Jia Li Liu. "Distributed Fixed Time Control for DC Microgrid with Input Delay." International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 2023 (February 25, 2023): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/8837110.
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This paper develops a distributed fixed-time quadratic coordinated control strategy for isolated DC microgrids with time delays. The proposed control scheme based on the droop control strategy is intended to realize bus voltage recovery and current balance distribution under time delays. We first model the isolated DC microgrids as a single integrator system with input delays by the Artstein’s transform. The current balance and voltage recovery are achieved by using fixed time control, which does not depend on the initial state of the system. Based on the Lyapunov functional method, the stability analysis criterion of the system is derived. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control method, the DC microgrid system is simulated in Matlab/Simulink.
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Cai, Youming, Jingmin Liu, and Ning Gao. "Research on Reactive Power Optimization Control Method for Distribution Network with DGs Based on Improved Second-Order Oscillating PSO Algorithm." Journal of Control Science and Engineering 2023 (July 12, 2023): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/5813277.
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With the increasing penetration of distributed generation (DG) in the distribution network, the original network structure of the distribution network has been changed. In addition, the randomness and intermittency of renewable power generation will also have an impact on the voltage and power flow of the distribution network. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a reactive power optimization control method for distribution network with DGs based on second-order oscillating particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm with a constriction factor. Considering the economic operation of the distribution network, the proposed control method realizes the coordinated operation of the DGs and battery group with the conventional static reactive power compensation device, so as to improve the voltage quality of the distribution network and reduce the system network loss. At the same time, an improved second-order oscillating PSO algorithm is proposed to improve the speed and convergence of the multiobjective algorithm. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control method is verified by using MATLAB/Simulink on IEEE 33 bus distribution network with DGs in both static and dynamic situations.
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Pathan, E., S. A. Zulkifli, U. B. Tayab, and R. Jackson. "Small Signal Modeling of Inverter-based Grid-Connected Microgrid to Determine the Zero-Pole Drift Control with Dynamic Power Sharing Controller." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 9, no. 1 (February 16, 2019): 3790–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.2465.
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This paper presents a small signal state space modeling of three-phase inverter-based microgrid (MG) system with consideration of improved droop control. The complete system matrices for one distribution source-grid connects to the local load have been elaborated by applying high, medium and low-frequency clusters to the system without considering the switching action on the inverter during power-sharing. Moreover, the final matrices will be used to determine the location of the eigenvalues for the control parameters gains due to dynamic effect of the MG, by observing the root locus graph on cluster identification. Sensitivity analysis of all types of frequency cluster showed that power-sharing control parameters such as load current, source current, and inverter voltage are influencing system stability and must be considered when designing the proportional-integral (PI) control when different load scenarios have been applied from the zero-pole drifting. Those eigenvalues of the system model are indicating the frequency and damping oscillatory components when there is sudden changed at the inverter-grid connection. The matrices’ eigenvalues are being plotted using MATLAB/Simulink to identify system stability region and find the PI controller parameters.
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Tsanov, Emil, Irina Ribarova, Galina Dimova, Plamen Ninov, Maggie Kossida, and Christos Makropoulos. "Water Stress Mitigation in the Vit River Basin Based on WEAP and MatLab Simulation." Civil Engineering Journal 6, no. 11 (November 1, 2020): 2058–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2020-03091602.
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The presented study aims at the development of an approach, which will enable selection of optimal measures for mitigation of water stress. The approach is based on two software pillars – Water Evaluation and Planning System (WEAP) and MatLab, which are applied in combination. The approach has three main steps: 1) modeling of the river basin with WEAP software 2) selecting mitigation measures and preparation of intervention curves and 3) running of an optimization using MatLab to select the mitigation measures. The set of the applied mitigation measures includes: reducing urban water demand and supply, reducing water demand for irrigation, and rehabilitation of the irrigation system. The result of the performed optimization with objectives set as minimal investment and water abstraction shows that in the Vit River basin the best combination of mitigation measures are a change in irrigation practice as well as reducing leakage in the irrigation distribution network and in the municipal distribution network. The optimization results show that 36% of the abstracted water could be saved if 2.1 million EUR were invested. The approach which was developed and applied in this work proved its suitability for facilitating decision making for water stress management at a river basin level. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2020-03091602 Full Text: PDF
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Zablodskiy, M. M., V. E. Pliuhin, S. I. Kovalchuk, and V. O. Tietieriev. "Indirect field-oriented control of twin-screw electromechanical hydrolyzer." Electrical Engineering & Electromechanics, no. 1 (February 17, 2022): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2074-272x.2022.1.01.
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Goal. Development of a mathematical model of indirect field-oriented control of a twin-screw electromechanical hydrolyzer. Methodology. The paper presents a mathematical model of Indirect field-oriented control of twin-screw electromechanical hydrolyzer. The mathematical model was developed in the MATLAB / Simulink software environment. The determination of the main parameters of a twin-screw electromechanical hydrolyzer was carried out by developing a finite element model in the Comsol Multiphysics software environment. Results. Based on the results of a mathematical study, graphical dependences of the distribution of magnetic induction in the air gap of a ferromagnetic rotor, a spatial representation of the distribution of magnetic induction on a 3D model of a ferromagnetic rotor of a twin-screw electromechanical hydrolyzer were obtained. The results of finite element modeling were confirmed by a practical study of a mock-up of a ferromagnetic rotor of a twin-screw electromechanical hydrolyzer. By implementing the MATLAB / Simulink model, graphical dependences of the parameters of the ferromagnetic rotor of a twin-screw electromechanical hydrolyzer are obtained under the condition of a stepwise change in the torque and a cyclic change in the angular velocity. Originality. The paper presents an implementation of the method of indirect field-oriented control for controlling the ferromagnetic rotor of a twin-screw electromechanical hydrolyzer. The work takes into account the complex design of the ferromagnetic rotor of a twin-screw electromechanical hydrolyzer. Practical significance. The practical implementation of the results of mathematical modeling makes it possible to achieve effective control of a complex electromechanical system, allows further research to maintain the necessary parameters of the technological process and to develop more complex intelligent control systems in the future.
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Narendra, Ankireddy, Naik N. Venkataramana, Anup Kumar Panda, Nishit Tiwary, and Amit Kumar. "A Single-Stage SPV-Fed Reduced Switching Inverter-Based Sensorless Speed Control of IM for Water Pumping Applications." International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 2022 (June 25, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3805791.
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This article elaborates on a reduced switch count-based inverter for a single-stage solar photovoltaic (SPV) fed induction motor (IM) with sensorless speed control for water pumping applications. The traditional SPV-fed IM for water pumping applications requires a six-switch voltage source inverter (SSVSI) for transforming the DC power from the SPV system into AC power. However, the same performance is achieved using a four-switch voltage source inverter (FSVSI). Here, the entire system requires less number of switches and hence reduces switching losses and cost as compared to the traditional solar water pumping system. Moreover, the sensorless speed control is implemented using a speed estimator to reduce the overall cost further and enhance reliability. The reference voltage ( V d c r ) is achieved using an adapted incremental conductance (AINC), and the control of IM is performed using direct vector control (DVC). The control signals for the proposed system are generated using DSPACE DS-1104 for real-time implementation. The proposed SPV-fed FSVSI-based 1-HP IM operation is performed at different irradiation levels in the MATLAB-Simulink environment and validated experimentally.
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Espinal, Melvin Alfonso García, Pilar Conejos, Petra Amparo López-Jiménez, and Modesto Pérez-Sánchez. "Improvement of the Electrical Regulation of a Microhydropower System using a Water Management Tool." Water 14, no. 10 (May 11, 2022): 1535. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14101535.
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The constant growth of the population and the increase in the need for resources create challenges, and it is necessary to seek more sustainable solutions to manage them more adequately and efficiently. In recent years, the use of renewable energy systems has increased, in which water distribution networks are no exception. Pumps operating as turbines (PATs) are an innovative solution with enormous potential to achieve these sustainable development goals. As a means of improving sustainability, in this research, an optimized regulation tool is developed to maximize the recovered energy in the system using PATs in water distribution networks (WDNs). This is possible due to the use of empirical methods for the estimation of the characteristic curves. The tool was developed in Simulink MATLAB, in which the optimization and iterative steps were carried out. It is based on the intended methodology and applied to a real case study. When implementing the tool, the results given are the hydraulic–electrical regulation strategies, where the number of machines working, the frequency inverter setpoint, and the degree of opening of the pressure-reducing valves (PRV) is defined for any given time. After the analysis in the case study, the tool recovered 28% of the supplied energy in the system. This daily recovered energy was above 7160 kWh, and it contributed to an increase in efficiency and sustainability.
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Ku, Hyun-Keun, Chang-Hwan Park, and Jang-Mok Kim. "Full Simulation Modeling of All-Electric Ship with Medium Voltage DC Power System." Energies 15, no. 12 (June 7, 2022): 4184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15124184.
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This paper proposes the full simulation model for the electrical analysis of all-electric ship (AES) based on a medium voltage DC power system. The AES has become popular both in the commercial and the military areas due to a low emission, a high fuel consumption efficiency, and a wide applicability. In spite of many advantages, it is complex and difficult to construct the whole system with many mechanical and electrical components onboard. Full electrical analysis is essentially required to simplify the design of the AES, a control and optimization of a ship electric system. The proposed full simulation model of the AES includes the mechanical and the electrical elements by using the MATLAB/Simulink. The mechanical elements are comprised of a steam turbine and a hydrodynamic model of a ship which is adopted by an average value model that is based on the characteristic equation of the mechanical system. The electrical elements are developed by full detailed models which consist of generators, a propulsion motor, a battery, and a power electronics system. In order to design the distribution of the ship, the presented simulation model combined the mechanical and the electrical systems. The consistency of the developed individual models and the integrated AES was verified through the results of the presence or absence of the energy storage system for the speed acceleration and deceleration, loss of prime mover, and full propulsion load rejection.
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Abdo-Allah, Almahdi, Tariq Iqbal, and Kevin Pope. "Modeling, Analysis, and Design of a Fuzzy Logic Controller for an AHU in the S.J. Carew Building at Memorial University." Journal of Energy 2018 (August 1, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4540387.
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Proper functioning of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems is important for efficient thermal management, as well as operational costs. Most of these systems use nonlinear time variances to handle disturbances, along with controllers that try to balance rise times and stability. The latest generation of fuzzy logic controllers (FLC) is algorithm-based and is used to control indoor temperatures, CO2 concentrations in air handling units (AHUs), and fan speeds. These types of controllers work through the manipulation of dampers, fans, and valves to adjust flow rates of water and air. In this paper, modulating equal percentage globe valves, fans speed, and dampers position have been modeled according to exact flow rates of hot water and air into the building, and a new approach to adapting FLC through the modification of fuzzy rules surface is presented. The novel system is a redesign of an FLC using MATLAB/Simulink, with the results showing an enhancement in thermal comfort levels.
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Boukahil, Fatima Zohra, Omar Charrouf, Sabrina Abdeddaim, Achour Betka, and Abdelkrim Menadi. "The Shading Effect on Photovoltaic Generator (GPV) Based on Reverse Osmosis (RO) Desalination System in Algeria." European Journal of Electrical Engineering 24, no. 4 (August 31, 2022): 185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ejee.240403.
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This paper investigates the performances analysis of PV-RO desalination system under uniform and non-uniform irradiance conditions. The main objective is the application of Extremum Seeking Control (ESC) to the GPV side in order to overcome the generated power and water quantity losses to improve the performance of the whole system. The technical design of the developed system is based on an existing RO desalination unit beside that real climatic data taken from a local mast are involved in this study. The modeling of the whole system and the control techniques adopted in this study are fully formulated. The whole system is modeled and controlled using MATLAB/Simulink. Different scenarios (healthy and shaded) based on real climatic data have been used to carry out the results. The ESC used shows its effectiveness to extract maximum power under shaded conditions for all the proposed scenarios. Compared with conventional controllers, this technique can offer extra power surrounding 685W in several cases. Furthermore, the shading conditions can affect widely freshwater production whose losses are estimated at around 82.91% for critical scenarios. The findings results are very significant for industrialists working in this field.
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Gritsay, Alexander, Evgeny Chebanenko, Viktor Potapov, Elena Andreeva, Rustam Khamitov, and Igor Chervenchuk. "On the development of a software and hardware complex for modeling a power grid controller and microgeneration facilities based on renewable energy sources in LV 0,4 kV networks." Analysis and data processing systems, no. 1 (March 26, 2021): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/2782-2001-2021-1-61-72.
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The article discusses the issues of connecting microgeneration facilities based on renewable energy sources (RES) to electric networks of low voltage (LV) 0,4 kV. This method of connection will allow the use of microgeneration facilities as network sources of energy, and at the same time unused electrical energy generated by micro-generation facilities can be supplied to a low-voltage network of 0,4 kV. Methods of simulation modeling of the processes of electrical energy distribution in the power supply system with microgeneration objects are proposed; the requirements for the power grid controller used to ensure the connection of micro-generation facilities to the low voltage network are formulated. The problems arising in connection with this are analyzed and the ways of their solution are offered. The proposed methods for the development of software and hardware solutions using modern methods of simulation of electrical energy generation and distribution based on rapid prototyping in the Matlab Simulink environment make it possible to carry out field experiments in order to simulate the processes occurring in 0,4 kV low voltage electrical networks using microgeneration objects prosumers.
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Mohan, Harin M., and Santanu Kumar Dash. "Renewable Energy-Based DC Microgrid with Hybrid Energy Management System Supporting Electric Vehicle Charging System." Systems 11, no. 6 (May 29, 2023): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/systems11060273.
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Growing Electric vehicle (EV) ownership leads to an increase in charging stations, which raises load demand and causes grid outages during peak hours. Microgrids can significantly resolve these issues in the electrical distribution system by implementing an effective energy management approach. The suggested hybrid optimization approach aims to provide constant power regardless of the generation discrepancy and should prevent the early deterioration of the storage devices. This study suggests using a dynamic control system based on the Fuzzy-Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA) to provide a reliable power balance for microgrid (MG) operation. The proposed DC microgrid integrating renewable energy sources (RES) and battery storage system (BSS) as sources are designed and evaluated, and the findings are further validated using MATLAB Simulink simulation. In comparing the hybrid SSA strategy with the most widely used Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)-based power management, it was observed that the hybrid SSA approach was superior in terms of convergence speed and stability. The effectiveness of the given energy management system is evaluated using two distinct modes, the variation of solar irradiation and the variation of battery state of charge, ensuring the microgrid’s cost-effective operation. The enhanced response characteristics indicate that the Fuzzy-SSA can optimise power management of the DC microgrid, making better use of energy resources. These results show the relevance of algorithm configuration for cost-effective power management in DC microgrids, as it saves approximately 7.776% in electricity expenses over a year compared to PSO.
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Xiao, Nengqi, Xiang Xu, and Baojia Chen. "Research on Simulation and Experiment of Ship Complex Diesel-Electric Hybrid Propulsion System." Journal of Ship Research 64, no. 02 (June 1, 2020): 171–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.2020.64.2.171.
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This article introduces the composition and 12 operating conditions of a four-engine two-propeller hybrid power system. Through the combination of gearbox clutch and disconnection, the propulsion system has four single-engine operation modes, two double-engine parallel operation modes, and six PTI operation modes. Because the propulsion system has a variety of operating conditions, each operating condition has a form of energy transfer. As a result, its energy management and control are more complicated. To study the energy management and control strategy of a diesel- electric hybrid propulsion system, this work mainly studies the simulation model and sub-models of a diesel-electric hybrid propulsion system. In this study, MATLAB/ SIMULINK software is used to build the diesel engine model, motor model, and ship engine system mathematical model. The test and analysis were carried out on the test bench of the diesel-electric hybrid power system. By comparing the theoretical value of the SIMULINK simulation model with the test value of the test bench system, the correctness of each sub-model modeling method is verified. On the one hand, research on the text lays a theoretical foundation for the subsequent implementation of the conventional energy management and control strategy based on state identification on the unified management and distribution of the diesel-electric hybrid power system. At the same time, energy management of the diesel-electric hybrid system is also carried out. Optimization research provides theoretical guidance.
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Sihem, Nasri, Ben Slama Sami, and Cherif Adnane. "A Smart Management Approach Investigation for Hybrid Autonomous Power System." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 5, no. 6 (December 1, 2015): 1275. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v5i6.pp1275-1283.
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A novel design of system management based on multi-agents approach applied to an autonomous hybrid power system is proposed and investigated. The system under study integrates few elements, some serve to provide power requirements, while the others used to store energy. Among these items, we can mention a Solar Power Source namely (SPS) which works as primary source to feed a DC electric load. The system integrates also a secondary power source namely Power Recovery Source (PRS) based on a fuel cell technology used to compensate the power deficit if required. More than two kinds of energy storage, the first called Hydrogen Generation Element (HGE) including a water electrolyzer to store the energy in hydrogen form, while the second uses an Ultracapacitor Element (UE) to store the energy in its electrical form. To reach the well functioning of the system in order to satisfy the load requirements whatever the facts, an intelligent energy management approach based on multi-agent modeling is implemented and verified. Hence, the reliability and the effectiveness of the applied management strategy, which allows the coordination between the different energy sources and protects the system against any fluctuation, are proved by the obtained results from Matlab/Simulink.
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Alkhayyat, Mahmood T., Ziad Saeed Mohammed, and Ahmed J. Ali. "Performance improvement of stand-alone induction generator using distribution SSC for wind power application." Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics 11, no. 2 (April 1, 2022): 589–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/eei.v11i2.2730.
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Self-excited induction generators (SEIGs) are used in wind turbine system because of high reliability, rigidity, simple structure, and capability to work under severe badly operating conditions. This type of generator has a poor terminal voltage and frequency regulation during changing the connected loads due to the absence of constant excitation current. Therefore, it is essential to stabilize the generated voltage and frequency besides suppress the injected harmonic current components. In this work, the dynamic performance of SEIG with distribution static series compensator (DSSC) is analyzed. The DSSC based on neuro-fuzzy controlled (NFC) is applied to control both voltage and frequency to enhance the regulation of SEIG. The NFC is used to control the DSSC which leads to balance the requirement of the reactive and active power of stand-alone grid under load variation and attempts to obtain a constant terminal voltage. The model is simulated using MATLAB/Simulink. The NFC structure designed to regulate and control the output voltage of the SEIG driven by a wind turbine to feed a consumer in remote and rural places. Furthermore, the power system parameters calculated depending on the d-q theory. Modeling results explained that the suggested controller is consistent and tough related to the conventional types.
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Tesfaye, Mulualem, Baseem Khan, Om Prakash Mahela, Hassan Haes Alhelou, Neeraj Gupta, Mahdi Khosravy, Tomonobu Senjyu, and Josep M. Guerrero. "Analysing integration issues of the microgrid system with utility grid network." International Journal of Emerging Electric Power Systems 22, no. 1 (January 13, 2021): 113–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijeeps-2020-0170.
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Abstract Generation of renewable energy sources and their interfacing to the main system has turn out to be most fascinating challenge. Renewable energy generation requires stable and reliable incorporation of energy to the low or medium voltage networks. This paper presents the microgrid modeling as an alternative and feasible power supply for Institute of Technology, Hawassa University, Ethiopia. This microgrid consists of a 60 kW photo voltaic (PV) and a 20 kW wind turbine (WT) system; that is linked to the electrical distribution system of the campus by a 3-phase pulse width modulation scheme based voltage source inverters (VSI) and supplying power to the university buildings. The main challenge in this work is related to the interconnection of microgrid with utility grid, using 3-phase VSI controller. The PV and WT of the microgrid are controlled in active and reactive power (PQ) control mode during grid connected operation and in voltage/frequency (V/F) control mode, when the microgrid is switched to the stand-alone operation. To demonstrate the feasibility of proposed microgrid model, MATLAB/Simulink software has been employed. The performance of fully functioning microgrid is analyzed and simulated for a number of operating conditions. Simulation results supported the usefulness of developed microgrid in both mode of operation.
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Scaratos, P. D. "Computer modeling of fecal coliform contamination of an urban estuarine system." Water Science and Technology 44, no. 7 (October 1, 2001): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0378.
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This study is focused on the investigation of the sources, distribution and fate of fecal coliform populations in the North Fork of the New River that flows through the City of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA. The dynamics of this brackish river are driven by weak tides, regulated freshwater discharges, overland runoff, storm water drainage from sewers, and groundwater exchange. Extensive field studies failed to document any alleged source(s) of contamination, including birds, domesticated and undomesticated mammals, humans, septic tank leakage, urban runoff, non-point discharges from agricultural lands, waste disposal from live-aboard vessels and/or in situ re-growth of fecal coliform. In order to facilitate field sampling, and support the data analyses efforts, computer simulations were applied to assess the likelihood of the various possible pollution scenarios. The physically based computer model used is the WASP (Water Quality Analysis Simulation Program Modeling System) of the US Environmental Protection Agency. In addition, the Neural Network MATLAB Toolbox was utilized for data analysis. WASP was able to accurately simulate the water hydrodynamics and coliform concentrations within the North Fork, while the neural network assisted in identifying correlations between fecal coliform and the various parameters involved. The numerical results supported the conclusion that fecal coliform were introduced by the animal populations along the riverbanks and by storm water washout of the adjacent drainage basins and the banks. The problem is exaggerated due to the low flashing capacity of the river.
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Smirnov, A. I., and J. E. Shklyarskiy. "Adaptive current protection in electrical complexes with small power plants." E3S Web of Conferences 266 (2021): 04002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126604002.
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The article considers electrical complexes with power plants of small capacity. The influence of power generation sources on short-circuit current distribution has been investigated. Reduced sensitivity of back-up current protection and dependence of current distribution on power plant capacity are revealed. Recommendations for minimizing false operation of short-circuit protection in networks with distributed power generation are proposed. An algorithm for adaptive current protection, which uses graph theory to determine the stages of selectivity of relay protection based on finding the shortest Dijkstra path and calculation of equivalent resistance in networks with multiple sources of power generation, which provides selec-tivity and sensitivity of current protection when changing the generated power of generators and the structure of the distribution network is pre-sented. The algorithm uses communication lines with a central control unit to monitor the distribution network and update the current triggering of the relay protection in accordance with changes in the structure of the power grid. The proposed system is designed so that it can respond to dynamic changes in the structure of the network and the state of operation of power plants. Simulation modeling in the Matlab/Simulink software package was performed and the results of the algorithm are presented.
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Shu, Zepeng, Huibing Gan, Zhenguo Ji, and Ben Liu. "Modeling and Optimization of Fuel-Mode Switching and Control Systems for Marine Dual-Fuel Engine." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 12 (December 15, 2022): 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10122004.
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The marine dual-fuel engine can switch between diesel and gas modes according to the requirements of sailing conditions, fuel cost, and other working conditions to make sure the ship is in the best operating condition. In fuel-mode switching in engines, problems such as unstable combustion and large speed fluctuations are prone to occur. However, there are some disadvantages, such as poor safety, environmental pollution, and easy damage to the engine, when the large, marine dual-fuel engine is directly tested on the bench. Therefore, in this paper, a joint simulation model of a dual-fuel engine is built using GT Power and MATLAB/Simulink to investigate the engine’s transient process of fuel-mode switching, and the conventional fuel PID(Proportion Integral Differential) control system is optimized using the cuckoo search (CS) algorithm. The simulation results show that the dual-fuel engine model has good accuracy, and the response in transient conditions meets the manufacturer’s requirements. In the process of switching from gas mode to diesel mode, due to the rapid change in fuel, the engine parameters, such as speed, fluctuate significantly, which is prone to safety accidents. In the process of switching from diesel to gas mode, because the fuel switching is gentle, all parameters are relatively stable, and the possibility of safety accidents is slight. The fuel PID control system optimized based on the cuckoo search algorithm has a better engine control effect than the traditional fuel control system.
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Ge, Yuequn, Jundong Zhang, Kunxin Zhou, Jinting Zhu, and Yongkang Wang. "Research on Energy Management for Ship Hybrid Power System Based on Adaptive Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, no. 7 (June 22, 2023): 1271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse11071271.
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This paper analyzes a hybrid power system containing a fuel cell (FC) and proposes an improved scheme involving the replacement of a single energy storage system with a hybrid energy storage system. In order to achieve a reasonable power distribution between fuel cells and energy storage units and stable operation of the power grid, an efficient energy management system (EMS) based on the equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS) is proposed. To enhance the dynamic response capability of hybrid energy storage systems, a low-pass filter with a variable time constant based on the ultracapacitor SOC feedback is proposed. This paper describes the design of a fuzzy logic controller that adaptively improves the equivalent consumption minimization control strategy, adjusts the equivalent factor in real time, optimizes the operating points of the fuel cell system, and improves system efficiency. The simulation model of the fuel cell hybrid system was established using MATLAB/Simulink. The proposed adaptive equivalent consumption minimization strategy (A-ECMS) was simulated and compared to the state-based and fuzzy logic energy management systems under the simulation of the real operating conditions of the ship. The results show that the proposed strategy can maintain a fuel cell system efficiency above 60% under most operating conditions and can significantly suppress the fluctuation of a fuel cell’s output power. The proposed strategy outperforms the state-based and fuzzy logic-based EMS in terms of stabilizing the hybrid power system and reducing hydrogen consumption. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy has been verified.
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Marei, Marwa M., Manal H. Nawir, and Ali Abdul Razzaq Altahir. "An improved technique for power transformer protection using fuzzy logic protective relaying." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 22, no. 3 (June 1, 2021): 1754. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v22.i3.pp1754-1760.
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The three-phase power transformer in the transmission or distribution substations represents one of the essential devices on electric power networks. Losing this devise cause a disconnection of the power utility to a large number of electrical loads. The robust protection system must be designed to protect the device during abnormal operations. A complete protection system for a poly-phase power transformer for one of the Karbala transmission networks (East Karbala substation) is modeled and simulated, adopting a fuzzy logic protective relaying using MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. This study discusses fuzzy logic-based relaying for a power transformer safety, as well as internal faults that are clearly identified. Two principles of operation are used to protect the transformer; differential relay and overcurrent relay. The differential relay is proposed as the unit protection, while the overcurrent is backup protection. The proposed fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is used to detect abnormal operation; it is also modeled to organize the operation between unit and backup protection. The numerical results clarify that the proposed model can perform fast, rigorous, and authoritative protection for the transformer. Also, modeling of the protection mode decreases the complexity of designing various subsystem and combining them in one controller.
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Maloth, Naresh. "Power Flow Control in Distributed Generation System of PFC Rectifier for DC Motor Drive." Scientific Bulletin of Naval Academy XXI, no. 2 (December 15, 2018): 68–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21279/1454-864x-18-i2-007.
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In this paper is to performance and analysis of grid connected power flow control and power quality improvement in distribution generation (DG) system a new topology of harmonic injection current, connected for a grid mode and DC motor drive. Inherently the system power factor is low and it has high harmonic content in the current. The Swiss rectifier is based on harmonic current injection methods on power flow control and implementation of Power factor correction (PFC), Rectifier, the harmonic mitigating pulse width modulation (PWM) technique have been used to reduce the harmonics for power quality improvement. The renewable sources have been used as DC source and control technique has been used with step up DC-DC converter to regulate DC-link voltage. The second close loop control has been done for voltage source inverter to stabilize its terminal voltage. The DC-AC converter provides the bidirectional power flow between point of common coupling (PCC) and local load. The step up converter regulates the DC link voltage to exchange the power with the three phase feeders, also it is conformed the harmonic current can be satisfied with the proposed method. The simulation Study is performed in MATLAB/ SIMULINK.
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Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally, Basiony Shehata Atia, Yahia M. Esmail, Sid Ahmed El Mehdi Ardjoun, Noha Anwer, Ahmed I. Omar, Faisal Alsaif, Sager Alsulamy, and Shazly A. Mohamed. "Application of Whale Optimization Algorithm Based FOPI Controllers for STATCOM and UPQC to Mitigate Harmonics and Voltage Instability in Modern Distribution Power Grids." Axioms 12, no. 5 (April 26, 2023): 420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms12050420.
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In recent modern power systems, the number of renewable energy systems (RESs) and nonlinear loads have become more prevalent. When these systems are connected to the electricity grid, they may face new difficulties and issues such as harmonics and non-standard voltage. The proposed study suggests the application of a whale optimization algorithm (WOA) based on a fractional-order proportional-integral controller (FOPIC) for unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) and STATCOM tools. These operate best with the help of their improved control system, to increase the system’s reliability and fast dynamic response, and to decrease the total harmonic distortion (THD) for enhancing the power quality (PQ). In this article, three different configurations are studied and assessed, namely: (C1) WOA-based FOPIC for UPQC, (C2) WOA-based FOPIC for STATCOM, and (C3) system without FACTS, i.e., base case, to mitigate the mentioned drawbacks. C3 is also considered as a base case to highlight the main benefits of C1 and C2 in improving the PQ by reducing the %THD of the voltage and current system and improving the systems’ voltage waveforms. With C2, voltage fluctuation is decreased by 98%, but it nearly disappears in C1 during normal conditions. Additionally, during the fault period, voltage distortion is reduced by 95% and 100% with C2 and C1, respectively. Furthermore, when comparing C1 to C2 and C3 under regular conditions, the percentage reduction in THD is remarkable. In addition, C1 eliminates the need for voltage sag, and harmonic and current harmonic detectors, and it helps to streamline the control approach and boost control precision. The modeling and simulation of the prepared system are performed by MATLAB/Simulink. Finally, it can be concluded that the acquired results are very interesting and helpful in the recovery to the steady state of wind systems and nonlinear loads, thereby increasing their grid connection capabilities.
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Bugaje, Aminu, Mathias Ehrenwirth, Christoph Trinkl, and Wilfried Zörner. "Electric Two-Wheeler Vehicle Integration into Rural Off-Grid Photovoltaic System in Kenya." Energies 14, no. 23 (November 29, 2021): 7956. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14237956.
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In both rural and urban areas, two-wheeler vehicles are the most common means of transportation, contributing to local air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). Transitioning to electric two-wheeler vehicles can help reduce GHG emissions while also increasing the socioeconomic status of people in rural Kenya. Renewable energy systems can play a significant role in charging electric two-wheeled vehicles, resulting in lower carbon emissions and increased renewable energy penetration in rural Kenya. As a result, using the Conventional and Renewable Energy Optimization (CARNOT) Toolbox in the MATLAB/Simulink environment, this paper focuses on integrating and modeling electric two-wheeled vehicles (e-bikes) into an off-grid photovoltaic Water-Energy Hub located in the Lake Victoria Region of Western Kenya. Electricity demand data obtained from the Water-Energy Hub was investigated and analyzed. Potential solar energy surplus was identified and the surplus was used to incorporate the electric two-wheeler vehicles. The energy consumption of the electric two-wheeler vehicles was also measured in the field based on the rider’s driving behavior. The modeling results revealed an annual power consumption of 27,267 kWh, a photovoltaic (PV) electricity production of 37,785 kWh, and an electricity deficit of 370 kWh. The annual results show that PV generation exceeds power consumption, implying that there should be no electricity deficit. The results, however, do not represent the results in hourly resolution, ignoring the impact of weather fluctuation on PV production. As a result, in order to comprehend the electricity deficit, hourly resolution results are shown. A load optimization method was designed to efficiently integrate the electric 2-wheeler vehicle into the Water-Energy Hub in order to alleviate the electricity deficit. The yearly electricity deficit was decreased to 1 kWh and the annual electricity consumption was raised by 11% (i.e., 30,767 kWh), which is enough to charge four more electric two-wheeler batteries daily using the load optimization technique.
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Tasnim, Moshammed Nishat, Tofael Ahmed, Monjila Afrin Dorothi, Shameem Ahmad, G. M. Shafiullah, S. M. Ferdous, and Saad Mekhilef. "Voltage-Oriented Control-Based Three-Phase, Three-Leg Bidirectional AC–DC Converter with Improved Power Quality for Microgrids." Energies 16, no. 17 (August 25, 2023): 6188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16176188.
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Renewable energy sources (RESs) and energy storage schemes (ESSs) integrated into a microgrid (MG) system have been widely used in power generation and distribution to provide a constant supply of electricity. The power electronics converters, particularly the bidirectional power converters (BPCs), are promising interfaces for MG infrastructure because they control the power management of the whole MG system. The controller of BPCs can be designed using several different control strategies. However, all the existing controllers have system stability, dynamics, and power quality issues. Therefore, this study demonstrates the development of an LCL-filtered grid-connected bidirectional AC–DC converter’s (BADC) control strategy based on voltage-oriented control (VOC) to overcome these issues. The proposed VOC-based inner current control loop (ICCL) is implemented in synchronous -coordinate with the help of proportional-integral (PI) controllers. An observer-based active damping (AD) is also developed in order to estimate the filter capacitor current from the capacitor voltage instead of directly measuring it. This developed AD system helps to damp the resonance effect of the LCL filter, improves system stability, and also eliminates the practical challenges of measuring capacitor current. The proposed controller with AD is able to realize bidirectional power transfer (BPT) with reduced power losses due to the elimination of passive damping and improved power quality, system dynamics, and stability. The mathematical modeling of the suggested system was developed, and the structure of the system model was established in the MATLAB/Simulink environment. The performance of the proposed system was validated with real-time software-in-the-loop (RT-SIL) simulation using the OPAL-RT simulator for a 16 kVA converter system. The real-time (RT) simulation results show that the BADC with the proposed control scheme can provide better dynamic performance and operate with tolerable total harmonic distortion (THD) of 2.62% and 2.71% for inverter and rectifier modes of operation, respectively.
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Cheremisin, V. T., and E. A. Tretyakov. "Improving the efficiency of distribution electric networks of railways based on the multi-agent mode management method." Vestnik IGEU, no. 4 (2019): 54–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17588/2072-2672.2019.4.054-063.
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With the increase in observability and controllability of regimes, the development of methods for managing distributed objects of the electrical network is becoming more and more important. The main research directions in smart grids are based on the theory of fuzzy sets, genetic algorithms, neural networks, stochastic control, spectral graph, bilinear matrix inequality constraints. They are aimed at solving multicriterion optimization problems of electric networks with distributed objects and are computationally-demanding and time-consuming. Meanwhile, the methods of multi-agent control of the power supply system based on the parallelization of information flows and coordination of the operation of distributed linear regulators are becoming more common. The purpose of this study is to develop methods for controlling the operating modes of smart distribution electric networks of railways using an agent-based approach for stabilizing voltages within specified limits and reducing electric power losses. This goal can be achieved by solving the problems of developing an algorithm for managing power flows based on the coordinated work of active and reactive power sources and principles of demand management of active consumers. The multi-agent power flow control was realized in the AnyLogic program, the simulation modeling of the electrical network modes was performed in Matlab Simulink with assumptions of linear characteristics of voltage loads. A method has been developed to control the operation modes of smart distribution electric networks of railways based on the presented power flow control algorithm, the hallmarks of which are the use of linearized equations for determining control actions in small increments, which allows high speed data analysis in real time without calculating steady-state modes with disturbances. The obtained simulation results prove the validity of power flow control methods for voltage stabilization based on multi-agent control and the possibility of their practical implementation on modern equipment in smart distribution networks of railways.
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Taghlabi, Faycal, Laila Sour, and Ali Agoumi. "Prelocalization and leak detection in drinking water distribution networks using modeling-based algorithms: a case study for the city of Casablanca (Morocco)." Drinking Water Engineering and Science 13, no. 2 (September 21, 2020): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/dwes-13-29-2020.
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Abstract. The role of a drinking water distribution network (DWDN) is to supply high-quality water at the necessary pressure at various times of the day for several consumption scenarios. Locating and identifying water leakage areas has become a major concern for managers of the water supply, to optimize and improve constancy of supply. In this paper, we present the results of field research conducted to detect and to locate leaks in the DWDN focusing on the resolution of the Fixed And Variable Area Discharge (FAVAD) equation by use of the prediction algorithms in conjunction with hydraulic modeling and the Geographical Information System (GIS). The leak localization method is applied in the oldest part of Casablanca. We have used, in this research, two methodologies in different leak episodes: (i) the first episode is based on a simulation of artificial leaks on the MATLAB platform using the EPANET code to establish a database of pressures that describes the network's behavior in the presence of leaks. The data thus established have been fed into a machine learning algorithm called random forest, which will forecast the leakage rate and its location in the network; (ii) the second was field-testing a real simulation of artificial leaks by opening and closing of hydrants, on different locations with a leak size of 6 and 17 L s−1. The two methods converged to comparable results. The leak position is spotted within a 100 m radius of the actual leaks.
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Jha, Sumit Kumar, Deepak Kumar, and S. R. Samantaray. "Conservation Voltage Reduction Strategy for Autonomous Microgrid with Improved Voltage-CurrentDroop-Based Inverter Control Framework." International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 2023 (April 4, 2023): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/2920936.
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In a conventional AC distribution system, the conservation voltage reduction (CVR) strategy is widely employed to lower down the voltage of specific load to lower the power consumption. The wide applicability of demand side management (DSM) using CVR in a stand-alone microgrid through VSI-based energy sources is a thrust area, that is, not examined yet and needs to be explored. The fast dynamics and flexible control are the characteristics of the voltage-current droop method which further increases the inertia of the voltage source inverter. For utilizing these advantages of this droop method, it is required to determine the accurate droop gain to properly coordinate the distribution of power among DGs. In this paper, the voltage-current droop method is utilized to carry out the function of DSM, and a modified droop computation method for voltage-current droop is formulated to determine the impedance from initial of the DG point to the downstream end for multifeeder network. As most of the droop control techniques emulate the conventional power grid such as Q-V droop control which reduces voltage with the increase of reactive power, the research prospect is very high in devising the new droop computation method for voltage-current droop for accurate control of power. In addition to it, the work is extended to apply the benefits of voltage-current droop to execute DSM strategy in standalone MG. Moreover, the capability of the proposed estimation of droop parameter is implemented on a standalone 5-bus single-feeder multi-DGs network, and furthermore, the scheme is applied to IEEE-9 bus multifeeder multi-DGs network to show the applicability of the proposed scheme. The simulation results produced from MATLAB/Simulink are compared with the decentralized power-based droop method and conventional voltage-current droop technique to analyse the performance of the devised scheme.
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Tytiuk, V., D. Mikhieiev, S. Tolmachov, and O. Danyleiko. "APPLICATION OF THE GENERALIZED ELECTROMECHANICAL CONVERTER THEORY TO ANALYSIS OF THE STATIC CHARACTERISTICS OF AN INDUCTION MOTOR." Electromechanical and energy saving systems 4, no. 56 (December 2021): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.30929/2072-2052.2021.4.56.25-33.
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Purpose. The work is devoted to the development of a closed-loop control system of hydraulic transport system with pressure stabilization and its research on a mathematical model. Originality. The expediency of application of a closed-loop control system of electric water transport system with pressure stabilization as the most promising way of resource saving in the operation of pumping complexes is substantiated. The realization of the closed-loop pressure stabilization system using a discrete program regulator is proposed. The studies of parametric sensitivity of the closedloop pressure stabilization system have confirmed the high robustness of the proposed solution. Methodology. General methods of physics, hydraulics, mathematical analysis and computational mathematics were used to solve the tasks. Numerical solution of mathematical model equations and visualization of obtained results were performed in MATLAB®/Simulink environment. Results. The expediency of using closed-loop control systems of pumping units with pressure stabilization as the most promising way of resource saving in the operation of pumping complexes is substantiated. The impossibility of implementing the pressure stabilization system based on the classical PID controller is shown, which is caused by the influence of wave processes in the pipeline system with distributed parameters. The closed-loop pressure stabilization system with the use of a discrete program regulator is realized, its stability and robustness in a wide range of changes in the regulator parameters is shown. Practical value. The possibility of implementing a closed-loop pressure stabilization system of electric hydrotransport system has been substantiated; a method of calculating the discrete program pressure regulator based on the regression analysis of the results of mathematical modeling has been proposed. Figures 12, tables 2, references 9.
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Kim, Jongkwan, Jintae Han, Kahyun Park, and Sangmuk Seok. "Improved IDW Interpolation Application Using 3D Search Neighborhoods: Borehole Data-Based Seismic Liquefaction Hazard Assessment and Mapping." Applied Sciences 12, no. 22 (November 16, 2022): 11652. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122211652.
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Traditional inverse distance weighting (IDW) interpolation is a process employed to estimate unknown values based on neighborhoods in 2D space. Proposed in this study is an improved IDW interpolation method that uses 3D search neighborhoods for effective interpolation on vertically connected observation data, such as water level, depth, and altitude. Borehole data are the data collected by subsurface boring activities and exhibit heterogeneous spatial distribution as they are densely populated near civil engineering or construction sites. In addition, they are 3D spatial data that show different subsurface characteristics by depth. The subsurface characteristics observed as such are used as core data in spatial modeling in fields, such as geology modeling, estimation of groundwater table distribution, global warming assessment, and seismic liquefaction assessment, among others. Therefore, this study proposed a seismic liquefaction assessment and mapping workflow using an improved IDW application by combining geographic information system (GIS) (ArcGIS (Esri, Redlands, CA, USA)), NURBS-based 3D CAD system (Rhino/Grasshopper (Robert McNeel & Associates, Seattle, WA, USA)), and numerical analysis system (MATLAB (MathWorks, Natick, MA, USA)). The 3D neighborhood search was conducted by the B-rep-based 3D topology analysis, and the mapping was done under the 2.5D environment by combining the voxel layer, DEM, and aerial images. The experiment was performed by collecting data in Songpa-gu, Seoul, which has the highest population density among the OECD countries. The results of the experiment showed between 7 and 105 areas with liquefaction potentials according to the search distance and the method of the approach. Finally, this study improved users’ accessibility to interpolation results by producing a 3D web app that used REST API based on OGC I3S Standards. Such an approach can be applied effectively in spatial modeling that uses 3D observation data, and in the future, it can contribute to the expansion of 3D GIS application.
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Lukutin, Boris V., Elena B. Shandarova, and Mikhail M. Popov. "OPERATING MODES OF MICRO-HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANT WITH OUTPUT VOLTAGE STABILIZATION USING INVERTER CONTROL." Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University Geo Assets Engineering 334, no. 8 (August 31, 2023): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18799/24131830/2023/8/4190.
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Link for citation: Lukutin B.B., Shandarova E.B., Popov M. M. Operating modes of micro-hydroelectric power plant with output voltage stabilization using inverter control. Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. Geo Аssets Engineering, 2023, vol. 334, no. 8, рр. 51-58. In Rus. The relevance. The use of Russia's hydroelectric potential for electricity generation is one of the cleanest and environmentally friendly methods as it does not result in the emission of harmful substances and carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Moreover, it is a reliable and efficient source of energy as water is a constant source of energy. Hydro turbines are used to convert the energy of water flow into electrical energy, which effectively ensures more reliable and stable production capacity for hydroelectric installations. However, micro-hydroelectric power plants have some drawbacks related to difficulties in ensuring the high quality of produced electricity of autonomous power supply systems. This is due to the fact that the load on the autonomous power supply system can vary not only in magnitude but also in nature, which makes it difficult to maintain a stable level of electricity production. The main goal of the research is to determine the ranges of variation of the output electrical parameters of a non-regulated hydrogenerator operating as part of an inverter-based micro-hydroelectric power station for rural domestic consumers. Additionally, the task is to formulate requirements for the hydrogenerator and power conversion devices in static and dynamic operating modes of the autonomous power supply system. Object: inverter-based micro-hydroelectric power station. Methods: simulation modeling, and programming in Matlab Simulink. Results. A simulation model of an electric power supply system with an inverter microelectric power station was developed. The structure of microelectric power station is proposed, as well as the ranges of voltage changes of the microelectric power station generator are obtained.
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Zubkov, Yuri V., Sergey Y. Kaurov, and Vladislav E. Vereshagin. "Experimental study of brushless generator with integrated exciter." Vestnik of Samara State Technical University. Technical Sciences Series 28, no. 3 (December 11, 2020): 125–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14498/tech.2020.3.8.
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The paper studies an integrated starter-generator based on a synchronous machine with PM excitation (ISG), used to start an internal combustion engine (ICE) of an autonomous energy facility or vehicle and supply electric energy to its consumers. The purpose of the work is to obtain a mathematical model of the starting mode in the form of a system of differential equations, its virtualization by means of the Matlab Simulink package and a diesel engine starting simulation using ISG with the study of the starting process dynamic characteristics. It is also required to carry out experimental verification of theoretical results through field tests of a prototype starter-generator to confirm the mathematical model adequacy. Difficulties in the analysis and synthesis of ISG are due to the complexity of electromechanical energy conversion processes in it and the trapezoidal nature of the magnetic field spatial distribution in the gap, which was established when solving the magnetostatic problem by the finite element method. These features make it difficult to use traditional research methods. The mathematical model of the operation starting mode, obtained under a number of assumptions that do not affect the nature of electromechanical processes, makes it possible to investigate the ICG static and dynamic characteristics during the electric start of the internal combustion engine. The ISG start-up process simulation was carried out on the basis of equations describing the starter operation using control systems both without starting current limitation and with limitation and providing a sufficient starting torque. Modeling made it possible to determine the start duration and the change of the electromagnetic torque, inverter and winding currents. A prototype ISG was designed and manufactured. Full-scale tests of the diesel engine electric start system were carried out. The results obtained confirmed the adequacy of the developed mathematical model and the possibility of its use in the study of the ISG other specific operating modes.
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Ben-Asher, Jiftah, Roman Volynski, and Natalya Gulko. "Spherical Interpretation of Infiltration from Trickle Irrigation." Agronomy 12, no. 10 (October 11, 2022): 2469. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12102469.
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The hypothesis of this paper is that infiltration into drip irrigated soils can be described by simple spherical considerations as well as two dimensional (2D) numerical modeling. The major goal was to test a very simple model based on geometry of a sphere formulas, and compare it with elaborated numerical solutions and field experiments. Detailed analysis of soil–water infiltration under trickle regimes is shown to be pre-requisite in the search for the optimal design of system layout. Optimality and simplicity are sought by modeling a sphere for subsurface trickle/drip (SDI) and hemisphere (DI) pattern of moisture distributions during infiltration. Numerical simulations by MATLAB software were used to describe the distribution of soil water. The data produced by this simulation were successfully compared with analytical models and numerical results of Panoche clay loam. To simulate the four discharge rates (0.5, 1, 2, 3 Lh) under DI and SDI we used the input of Panoche soil properties, i.e., hydraulic conductivity function (Kθ) and soil water retention curve (ψθ). The resulting regression equation of numerical analysis (N) vs. spherical interpretation (S) was N = 0.97 × S − 19.1; r2 = 0.98. This result exposes the novelty of the approach by showing that infiltration from a drip/trickle source can be described by simple spherical radial symmetry in addition to analytical or numerical simulations. An example of a design parameter for 3000 cm3h suggested more emitters per meter laterals for SDI than for DI (100 vs. 77 unites, respectively) due to the shorter distance between SDI emitters that are required in order to maintain wetting continuity. At a discharge of around 500 cm3h of three different soils’ SDI, positive pressure was detected near the orifice and it caused discharge reduction. This is a self-compensating property of SDI that regulates individual emitters according to the soil hydraulic properties. In conclusion SDI is associated with larger capital investment compared to DI, but it can be compensated by improving the water use efficiency due to increased productivity while reducing losses of water through evaporation, but this option should be investigated as part of specific research.
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Muslim, Abrar, Qin Li, and Moses O. Tadé. "Modelling of Chlorine Contact Tank and the Combined Applications of Linear Model Predictive Control and Computational Fluid Dynamics." Chemical Product and Process Modeling 4, no. 1 (June 25, 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1934-2659.1307.
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A dynamic model is developed to present chlorine decay in chlorine contact tank, and a single-input single-output (SISO) model that presents both chlorine dosing and decay process is developed in Simulink of Matlab software with considerations of the process disturbances of temperature and stagnant flow in the tank. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of chlorine transport and decay in the tank is also developed with the use of mixture multiphase model to present the chlorine mixing and decay models in the tank. To optimally control free chlorine residual (FCR) concentration in the SISO system, a linear model predictive control (LMPC) is designed using the SISO system and LMPC control algorithm. The LMPC control objective is to regulate the optimal mass flow rates of gaseous chlorine to control the chlorine decay process inputs/outputs within the constraints. The results on the LMPC simulation using reference data from a real water plant show that the LMPC can control the FCR concentration in the tank within the constraint by regulating the optimal mass flow rates of gaseous chlorine. Commercial CFD software, FluentTM, has been used in this study to simulate the FCR distribution in the CCT channel based on the LMPC result.
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PRASAD, T. NARASIMHA, and V. LAKSHMI DEVI. "SPACE VECTOR BASED THREE PHASE GRID CONNECTED PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM." International Journal of Instrumentation Control and Automation, April 2012, 58–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.47893/ijica.2012.1069.
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Solar energy has become a very potential new energy; Connected directly with grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems does not require bulk and lossy battery. Distributed generation and on-site supply of PV system reduces losses of transmission and distribution, and mitigates environment pollution. This paper establishes a Dynamic model of grid-connected PV system by Matlab/Simulink with d-and q-axis as coordinates which is synchronously rotating with the grid voltage to reflect the characteristics of the system accurately. Based on the accurate modeling system, optimum control and fault analysis are studied. The simulation and analysis verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, and demonstrate that the proposed control system has good static performance.