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1

Li, Zong, Naixiao Wang, Kai Dong, Lei Mu, Bin Cao, and Liming Wang. "Flashover characteristics of a droplet impacting the silicone rubber surface." AIP Advances 13, no. 1 (2023): 015024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0133723.

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The surface discharge of silicone rubber (SIR) is one of the main reasons to accelerate the aging of its surface material in power systems. It is known that static water droplets on the SIR surface can make the flashover voltage substantially fall, while the flashover characteristics of water droplets impacting the SIR surface are unknown. In this work, the dynamic flashover characteristics of the water droplets impacting the SIR surface are studied. When the water droplets impact the SIR surface, they will stretch first and then shrink. The minimum flashover voltage occurs at the moment when
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2

Yao, S. C., L. E. Hochreiter, and K. Y. Cai. "Dynamics of Droplets Impacting on Thin Heated Strips." Journal of Heat Transfer 110, no. 1 (1988): 214–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3250454.

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Experiments were conducted with water droplets impacting on the edge of thin steel strips that were heated to beyond the Leidenfrost temperature. High-speed movies were taken and analyzed and showed that the shattered droplets were generally bimodal in size distribution. The volume ratio of these two size groups of generated droplets, the mean diameter of droplets, and the ejection angles and velocities of shattered droplets are shown as a function of incoming droplet Weber number, the ratio of incoming droplet diameter to strip thickness, and the offset of the droplet relative to the strip. T
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3

Kooij, S. A., A. M. Moqaddam, T. C. de Goede, et al. "Sprays from droplets impacting a mesh." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 871 (May 22, 2019): 489–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2019.289.

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In liquid spray applications, the sprays are often created by the formation and destabilization of a liquid sheet or jet. The disadvantage of such atomization processes is that the breakup is often highly irregular, causing a broad distribution of droplet sizes. As these sizes are controlled by the ligament corrugation and size, a monodisperse spray should consist of ligaments that are both smooth and of equal size. A straightforward way of creating smooth and equally sized ligaments is by droplet impact on a mesh. In this work we show that this approach does however not produce monodisperse d
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4

Xing, Lei, Jinyu Li, Minghu Jiang, and Lixin Zhao. "Dynamic behavior of compound droplets with millimeter-sized particles impacting substrates with different wettabilities." Physics of Fluids 35, no. 2 (2023): 022108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0137505.

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The dynamic behavior of compound droplets, which are made up of a millimeter-sized particle and distilled water, impacting substrates of different wettabilities is investigated via high-speed photography. The effects of the size of the particle within the compound droplet, substrate contact angle, and impact height on the deformation of the droplets and the characteristics of the impact are analyzed. It is found that the collisions of compound droplets with substrates can be classified into four categories based on the observed experimental phenomena that occur during the impact. These categor
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5

KIM, SEOL HA, JUN YOUNG KANG, HO SEON AHN, HANG JIN JO, and MOO HWAN KIM. "STUDY OF LEIDENFROST MECHANISM IN DROPLET IMPACTING ON HYDROPHILIC AND HYDROPHOBIC SURFACES." International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration 21, no. 04 (2013): 1350028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010132513500284.

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Water droplets, 2 mm in diameter, were allowed to fall freely onto hydrophobic and hydrophilic heated surfaces, and their impacts were imaged using high-speed cameras to investigate the droplet dynamics and heat transfer. As the heating power increased, the water droplets evaporated faster, eventually hovering over the surface due to the formation of a boiling film when the Leidenfrost point (LFP) was reached. The heat transfer from the surface into the droplet was evaluated, and LFP transition phenomena were investigated using time-resolved imaging of both side and bottom views. The hydrophil
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6

Cox, T. L., and S. C. Yao. "Heat Transfer of Sprays of Large Water Drops Impacting on High Temperature Surfaces." Journal of Heat Transfer 121, no. 2 (1999): 446–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2825998.

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Experiments were performed to evaluate the heat transfer of monodisperse sprays of large droplet diameters, ranging from 3 to 25 mm, on high temperature surfaces. This range of drop sizes has not previously been studied, and it was of interest to determine their heat transfer characteristics and how they relate to sprays of smaller drops. Parametric tests showed that the spray heat flux depends on mass flux with a power-law relationship, and that spray effectiveness, which relates the actual spray heat transfer to the maximum heat transfer potential, varies with d−1/2. There was no discernible
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7

Wibowo, Teguh, Arif Widyatama, Samsul Kamal, Indarto, and Deendarlianto. "The effect of pressure and frequency on the dynamic behavior and evaporation time of successive water droplets impacting onto hot surface." MATEC Web of Conferences 154 (2018): 01107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815401107.

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Multiple droplets are the drop of water which continuously dropped on a surface in certain time difference. The phenomenon droplets impacting a solid surface can be found in a various field, one of them is the cooling process in the metal industry. The cooling process is carried out by spraying a number of water droplets to hot surface until it reaches the desired condition. When droplets impinge on the surface, the dynamics of droplets, such as the spreading and recoil phenomena, depend on some properties. In this study, the effect of pressure and drop frequency to the droplet characteristics
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8

Liu, C. C. "Numerical simulation of two droplets impacting on the wall continuously." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2345, no. 1 (2022): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2345/1/012006.

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Abstract The application of spray system has been widely used in the industry. The impact of droplets between the wall impact has become one of the important studies of spray system. The investigation is to develop a numerical code for the simulation of two water droplets impinging continuously upon the wall. In the code, the structured single-block and staggered grid system are adopted for discretization of the space domain, while the finite volume method is applied to solve iteratively the governing equations of mass and momentum. The interconnection between the velocities and pressure is de
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9

Reichard, Donald L. "Drop Formation and Impaction on the Plant." Weed Technology 2, no. 1 (1988): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00030153.

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The effect of variables that influence the retention of spray droplets impacting on leaf surfaces was studied, using a uniform-size droplet generator to produce drops ranging from 63 to 545 μm diam. To observe the impaction of spray droplets more easily and to measure their velocity before and after impaction, high-speed motion photography (6000 frames/sec) was used. Rebound of spray droplets depends on the micro-structure of the target surface. Leaf surfaces of several crops and weeds reflected 63 to 545 μm diam water drops traveling at velocities less than velocities of drops delivered by po
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10

Yang, Lin, and Rajiv Shivpuri. "A Water Evaporation Based Model for Lubricant Dryoff on Die Surfaces Heated Beyond the Leidenfrost Point." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 129, no. 4 (2007): 717–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2738126.

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Lubricants in hot forging are applied to the heated die surface by spraying dilute water based graphite suspensions through high-pressure nozzles. To avoid undesirable steam formation, these lubricant droplets need to completely dry before deformation begins. This paper presents an analytical model to estimate evaporation time for the impacting drops at surface temperatures above Leidenfrost, 300–450°C. It is based on the suspension of deformed droplet on a vapor cushion sustained by a continuous supply of water from the drying droplet. Model predictions are validated by single droplet experim
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11

Widyatama, Arif, Akmal Irfan Majid, Teguh Wibowo, Deendarlianto Deendarlianto, and Samsul Kamal. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE PHENOMENA ON THE SUCCESSIVE DROPLETS IMPACTING HOT COPPER SURFAC." Jurnal Penelitian Saintek 24, no. 2 (2019): 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jps.v24i2.26923.

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This study was aimed at investigating the phenomena and interactions between water droplets and hot metal surfaces using an experimental method. In this study, the droplet was dropped from 50 mm from the top of the metal surface with a frequency of 8.5 droplets per second. The observed droplet diameter was 3.12 mm. The metal used was copper with a surface temperature between 110-240 ° C. High speed video camera with a speed of 2000 fps was used to record visual data. Then the image processing technique was applied to calculate the change in droplet diameter. The results show that at low temper
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12

Song, Yajie, Qi Wang, Yushan Ying, et al. "Droplet Spreading Characteristics on Ultra-Slippery Solid Hydrophilic Surfaces with Ultra-Low Contact Angle Hysteresis." Coatings 12, no. 6 (2022): 755. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12060755.

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Dynamic interactions of the droplet impact on a solid surface are essential to many emerging applications, such as electronics cooling, ink-jet printing, water harvesting/collection, anti-frosting/icing, and microfluidic and biomedical device applications. Despite extensive studies on the kinematic features of the droplet impact on a surface over the last two decades, the spreading characteristics of the droplet impact on a solid hydrophilic surface with ultra-low contact angle hysteresis are unclear. This paper clarifies the specific role of the contact angle and contact angle hysteresis at e
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13

Guo, Chunfang, Lei Liu, and Changwan Liu. "Contact time of impacting droplets on a superhydrophobic surface with tunable curvature and groove orientation." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 34, no. 9 (2021): 095001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-648x/ac3c67.

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Abstract Regulating the impact dynamics of water droplets on a solid surface is of great significance for some practical applications. In this study, the droplet impingement on a flexible superhydrophobic surface arrayed with micro-scale grooves was investigated experimentally. The surface was curved into cylindrical shapes with certain curvatures from two orthogonal directions, where axial and circumferential grooves were formed, respectively. The effects of curvature diameter and Weber number, as well as the orientation of grooves on droplet spreading and retracting dynamics were analyzed an
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14

Li, Yunlai, Chenguang Lu, and Yahua Liu. "Directional transport of droplets impacting on superhydrophobic opening triangular groove surfaces." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2300, no. 1 (2022): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2300/1/012002.

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Abstract Directional droplet transport is of great importance to various processes including heat transfer, water harvesting and microfluidics. Here, a facile superhydrophobic opening triangular groove surface was proposed, and the directional transport behavior of droplets impacting on the surface was observed. The results show that the essence of the directional transport on the opening triangular groove surface can be attributed to the interaction between the impinging droplet and the groove sidewall, and the directional transport distance is regulated by the contact area during the interac
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15

Li, Bo, Lei Fan, Jie Bai, Huiying Xiang, and Yuan Yuan. "Water-Droplet Impact and Sliding Behaviors on Slippery Surfaces with Various Weber Numbers and Surface Inclinations." Coatings 13, no. 2 (2023): 264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13020264.

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The dynamic behaviors of water droplets on a slippery surface are significant to practical anti-icing applications. Herein, the impact and sliding behavior of water droplets on lubricant-infused surfaces (LISs) were investigated with a high-speed camera. LISs were prepared by infusing perfluoropolyether oils into anodized porous surfaces. The results show that the maximum spreading diameter and retraction velocity of the impact droplet increased with the We number. For LIS-100, the spreading factor at 2.5 ms increased from 2.00 to 3.88 with We increasing from 30 to 267. Low-viscosity lubricant
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16

Chu, Fuqiang, Shuxin Li, Zhifeng Hu, and Xiaomin Wu. "Regulation of droplet impacting on superhydrophobic surfaces: Coupled effects of macrostructures, wettability patterns, and surface motion." Applied Physics Letters 122, no. 16 (2023): 160503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0147696.

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Superhydrophobic surfaces have shown great application prospects due to their excellent water repellency in many applications involving fluid–surface interactions. As a ubiquitous fluid–surface interaction phenomenon, droplet impacting dynamics has a crucial effect on the application of superhydrophobic surfaces. In this Perspective, we summarize the basic process of droplet impacting on superhydrophobic surfaces and introduce the two most concerned parameters that describe the droplet impacting dynamics, i.e., the maximum spreading coefficient and the contact time. We then review two improvem
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17

Quintero, Enrique S., Guillaume Riboux, and José Manuel Gordillo. "Splashing of droplets impacting superhydrophobic substrates." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 870 (May 7, 2019): 175–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2019.258.

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A drop of radius $R$ of a liquid of density $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}$, viscosity $\unicode[STIX]{x1D707}$ and interfacial tension coefficient $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70E}$ impacting a superhydrophobic substrate at a velocity $V$ keeps its integrity and spreads over the solid for $V<V_{c}$ or splashes, disintegrating into tiny droplets violently ejected radially outwards for $V\geqslant V_{c}$, with $V_{c}$ the critical velocity for splashing. In contrast with the case of drop impact onto a partially wetting substrate, Riboux & Gordillo (Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 113, 2014, 024507), our experimen
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18

Zhao, Yan, Liangying Wen, Yuefeng Zhang, Bo Liu, Huan Yang, and Qingyu Deng. "Experimental and Numerical Study on Dynamic Characteristics of Droplet Impacting on a Hot Tailings Surface." Processes 10, no. 9 (2022): 1766. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10091766.

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It is quite important to clearly understand the fluid dynamic process of water droplets impacting on a hot extracted titanium tailings surface for the recovery and utilization of tailings. In this research, the finite volume simulations of the droplet impingement were developed by applying the volume-of-fluid method and were validated against experimental results. Droplet-impact experiments were performed by using a high-speed camera. The effects of the Weber number, surface tension value, and contact angle on the spreading factor were quantitatively investigated, and the distributions of pres
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19

Chantelot, Pierre, Ali Mazloomi Moqaddam, Anaïs Gauthier, et al. "Water ring-bouncing on repellent singularities." Soft Matter 14, no. 12 (2018): 2227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7sm02004j.

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Texturing a flat superhydrophobic substrate with point-like superhydrophobic macrotextures of the same repellency makes impacting water droplets take off as rings, which leads to shorter bouncing times than on a flat substrate.
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20

Yilbas, Bekir S., Abba A. Abubakar, Haider Ali, et al. "Impacting Water Droplets Can Alleviate Dust from Slanted Hydrophobic Surfaces." Langmuir 37, no. 14 (2021): 4355–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00436.

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21

KADOWAKI, Soken, and Yasunori WATANABE. "Air-water interface transport and surface renewal under impacting droplets." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B2 (Coastal Engineering) 74, no. 2 (2018): I_61—I_66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/kaigan.74.i_61.

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22

Cai, Yukui, Xichun Luo, Yankang Tian, Rashed Md Murad Hasan, Wenlong Chang, and Yi Qin. "Dynamic behaviours of water droplets impacting on laser ablated surfaces." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 580 (November 2019): 123743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.123743.

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23

Speirs, Nathan B., Zhao Pan, Jesse Belden, and Tadd T. Truscott. "The water entry of multi-droplet streams and jets." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 844 (April 16, 2018): 1084–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.204.

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Water entry has been studied for over a century, but few studies have focused on multiple droplets impacting on a liquid bath sequentially. We connect multi-droplet streams, jets and solid objects with physical-based scaling arguments that emphasize the intrinsically similar cavities. In particular, the cavities created by the initial impact of both droplet streams and jets on an initially quiescent liquid pool exhibit the same types of cavity seal as hydrophobic spheres at low Bond number, some of which were previously unseen for jets and droplet streams. Low-frequency droplet streams exhibit
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Meng, Yu, Shenglin Quan, Yali Guo, and Shengqiang Shen. "Comparative Analysis of Dynamic Behavior of Liquid Droplet Impacting Flat and Circular Wires." Energies 15, no. 18 (2022): 6623. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15186623.

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The performance of droplets captured by the wire mesh demister in a seawater desalination system seriously affects the quality of water desalination. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the droplet impact in the wire mesh demister to improve the demister’s efficiency. In this paper, a two-dimensional model of the droplet impacting the wire is established. The processes of the droplet impacting a flat wire and a circular wire are simulated by using the VOF model in Fluent, and a comparative analysis is conducted. The results demonstrate that both wires experience spreading and splas
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Han, Fangwei, Jian Li, Yingying Peng, and Yue Zhao. "Exploration of the Relationships between the Spraying Condition and Wetting Behavior on Coal Surface of Dust Suppression Droplet: Improving the Utilization Rate." Geofluids 2022 (December 21, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3464456.

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Dust suppression through water-based media is an important technical means, which is of great significance to industrial process safety and environmental protection. In order to improve the utilization rate of droplets, the dynamic spreading process of droplets impacting the coal surface was studied by the coupled level-set and volume-of-fluid methods (CLSVOF) method. The spread area was calculated by the binary method to characterize the wetting effect. Dimensionless spread area per unit volume (DSAPUV) was proposed to represent the utilization of droplets. The results show that the droplet s
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26

Yilbas, Bekir Sami, Abba Abubakar, Mubarak Yakubu, Hussain Al-Qahtani, and Abdullah Al-Sharafi. "Nanowall Textured Hydrophobic Surfaces and Liquid Droplet Impact." Materials 15, no. 5 (2022): 1645. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15051645.

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Water droplet impact on nanowires/nanowalls’ textured hydrophobic silicon surfaces was examined by assessing the influence of texture on the droplet impact dynamics. Silicon wafer surfaces were treated, resulting in closely packed nanowire/nanowall textures with an average spacing and height of 130 nm and 10.45 μm, respectively. The top surfaces of the nanowires/nanowalls were hydrophobized through the deposition of functionalized silica nanoparticles, resulting in a droplet contact angle of 158° ± 2° with a hysteresis of 4° ± 1°. A high-speed camera was utilized to monitor the impacting dropl
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27

Liu, Yizhou, Tianbao Wang, Zhenyu Song, and Min Chen. "Spreading and freezing of supercooled water droplets impacting an ice surface." Applied Surface Science 583 (May 2022): 152374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2021.152374.

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28

Blake, Joshua, David Thompson, Dominik Raps, and Tobias Strobl. "Simulating the Freezing of Supercooled Water Droplets Impacting a Cooled Substrate." AIAA Journal 53, no. 7 (2015): 1725–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/1.j053391.

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29

Ding, Bin, Hong Wang, Xun Zhu, Rong Chen, and Qiang Liao. "How supercooled superhydrophobic surfaces affect dynamic behaviors of impacting water droplets?" International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 124 (September 2018): 1025–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.03.112.

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30

Deng, Ledong, Hong Wang, Xun Zhu, Rong Chen, Yudong Ding, and Qiang Liao. "Numerical study of water droplets impacting on cylindrical heat transfer pipes." Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics 12, no. 1 (2018): 598–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19942060.2018.1496142.

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31

Siebert, Holger, Katrin Lehmann, and Raymond A. Shaw. "On the Use of Hot-Wire Anemometers for Turbulence Measurements in Clouds." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 24, no. 6 (2007): 980–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech2018.1.

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The use of a hot-wire anemometer for high-resolution turbulence measurements in a two-phase flow (e.g., atmospheric clouds) is discussed. Experiments in a small wind tunnel (diameter of 0.2 and 2 m in length) with a mean flow velocity in the range between 5 and 16 m s−1 are performed. In the wind tunnel a spray with a liquid water content of 0.5 and 2.5 g m−3 is generated. After applying a simple despiking algorithm, power spectral analysis shows the same results as spectra observed without spray under similar flow conditions. The flattening of the spectrum at higher frequencies due to impacti
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32

Starinskiy, Sergey, Elena Starinskaya, Nikolay Miskiv, et al. "Spreading of Impacting Water Droplet on Surface with Fixed Microstructure and Different Wetting from Superhydrophilicity to Superhydrophobicity." Water 15, no. 4 (2023): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15040719.

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The spreading of the water droplets falling on surfaces with a contact angle from 0 to 160° was investigated in this work. Superhydrophilicity of the surface is achieved by laser treatment, and hydrophobization is then achieved by applying a fluoropolymer coating of different thicknesses. The chosen approach makes it possible to obtain surfaces with different wettability, but with the same morphology. The parameter t* corresponding to the time when the capillary wave reaches the droplet apex is established. It is shown that for earlier time moments, the droplet height change does not depend on
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Sun, Jianting, Xin Zhou, Qi Liang, Zhitao Zuo, and Haisheng Chen. "The Effect of Wet Compression on a Centrifugal Compressor for a Compressed Air Energy Storage System." Energies 12, no. 5 (2019): 906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12050906.

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There is an urgent demand to reduce compression power consumption in Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) systems. Wet compression has been widely used in gas turbines to reduce compressor power consumption and improve thermal efficiency, but this technology has not been applied yet in the CAES field. In this paper, a centrifugal compressor for CAES was numerically studied to investigate the effect of wet compression on compressor and droplet motion. The results showed that wet compression makes the performance curve shift to a high-pressure ratio/efficiency. Meanwhile, wet compression lowers
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34

Liebendorfer, Adam. "Impact of glycerol droplets form bifurcating flower structure when impacting with water." Scilight 2021, no. 45 (2021): 451111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/10.0007128.

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35

Kwak, Geunjae, Dong Woog Lee, In Seok Kang, and Kijung Yong. "A study on the dynamic behaviors of water droplets impacting nanostructured surfaces." AIP Advances 1, no. 4 (2011): 042139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3662046.

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Fumoto, Koji, and Tsuyoshi Kawanami. "Study on Freezing Characteristics of Supercooled Water Droplets Impacting on Solid Surfaces." Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology 26, no. 4-5 (2012): 463–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/016942411x574600.

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37

Fujimoto, Hitoshi, Albert Y. Tong, and Hirohiko Takuda. "Interaction phenomena of two water droplets successively impacting onto a solid surface." International Journal of Thermal Sciences 47, no. 3 (2008): 229–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2007.02.006.

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38

Yin, Zong-jun, Zheng-long Ding, Wen-feng Zhang, Rong Su, Fu-tong Chai, and Peng Yu. "Dynamic behaviors of nanoscale binary water droplets simultaneously impacting on flat surface." Computational Materials Science 183 (October 2020): 109814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2020.109814.

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39

Ravichandar, Krishnamurthy, R. Dennis Vigil, Rodney O. Fox, et al. "Turbulent droplet breakage in a von Kármán flow cell." Physics of Fluids 34, no. 7 (2022): 073319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0096395.

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Droplet dispersion in liquid–liquid systems is a crucial step in many unit operations throughout the chemical, food, and pharmaceutic industries, where improper operation causes billions of dollars of loss annually. A theoretical background for the description of droplet breakup has been established, but many assumptions are still unconfirmed by experimental observations. In this investigation, a von Kármán swirling flow device was used to produce homogeneous, low-intensity turbulence suitable for carrying out droplet breakage experiments using optical image analysis. Individual droplets of kn
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40

Peirson, William L., José F. Beyá, Michael L. Banner, Joaquín Sebastián Peral, and Seyed Ali Azarmsa. "Rain-induced attenuation of deep-water waves." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 724 (April 29, 2013): 5–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2013.87.

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AbstractA laboratory investigation has been undertaken to quantify water wave attenuation rates as a function of rainfall rate. Vertical artificial rainfall is shown to generate weak near-surface velocity fluctuations that decline systematically away from the free surface and are independent of rainfall rate across the range of rainfall rates investigated (40–$170~\mathrm{mm} ~{\mathrm{h} }^{- 1} $). In the absence of rain, the observed attenuation of gravity waves is at levels consistent with classical viscous theory, but with a systematic finite-amplitude effect observed above a mean steepne
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41

Mishchenko, Lidiya, Benjamin Hatton, Vaibhav Bahadur, J. Ashley Taylor, Tom Krupenkin, and Joanna Aizenberg. "Design of Ice-free Nanostructured Surfaces Based on Repulsion of Impacting Water Droplets." ACS Nano 4, no. 12 (2010): 7699–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nn102557p.

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42

Di Mundo, Rosa, Francesco Bottiglione, Fabio Palumbo, Pietro Favia, and Giuseppe Carbone. "Sphere-on-cone microstructures on Teflon surface: Repulsive behavior against impacting water droplets." Materials & Design 92 (February 2016): 1052–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2015.11.094.

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43

Chen, Rui, Hong Li, Jian Wang, Xin Guo, and Zhuoyang Song. "Comparisons of Spray Characteristics between Non-circular and Circular Nozzles with Rotating Sprinklers." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 38, no. 1 (2022): 61–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aea.14688.

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HighlightsExperiments were conducted to investigate the hydraulic performance of the solid-set rotating sprinkler.The effects of nozzle shape and working pressure on the droplet characteristics and kinetic energy of the rotating sprinkler were analyzed.The circular nozzle has a large wetting radius and large droplet size.Use of a non-circular nozzle could result in higher irrigation uniformity and lower kinetic energy imparted to the soil surface by water droplets under low working pressures.Abstract. Reducing the working pressure of sprinklers can effectively reduce sprinkler irrigation energ
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Yang, A.-S., M.-T. Yang, and M.-C. Hong. "Numerical study for the impact of liquid droplets on solid surfaces." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 221, no. 3 (2007): 293–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954406jmes488.

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The impinging behaviour of liquid droplets on solid surfaces is studied using a computational approach. The analysis comprises the unsteady three-dimensional conservation equations of mass and momentum, with the surface tension effect treated by the continuous surface force model. Gas-liquid interfacial motions are simulated by the volume-of-fluid method in conjunction with the piecewise linear interface construction technique. In the computer code validation for a water droplet impacting on a polished stainless steel surface, computer-generated images of the time evolution of the droplet impi
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Wang, Liwen, Jinjian Huo, Jie Tang, and Xudong Shi. "A phenomenological study and comparison of the characteristics of droplet impact liquid film dynamics on randomly rough surfaces." Journal of Applied Physics 132, no. 1 (2022): 014701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0099003.

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The fouling of aero-engine blades is the main cause of degradation of engine performance and online washing is one of the most effective methods for restoring engine performance. The flow characteristics of the washing fluid after it impinges on the blade surface are critical to the process. The liquid film flow becomes complicated after being impacted by a droplet, because the fouling blade is a random rough surface. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the dynamical characteristics of droplets after they impact the liquid film, focusing on the diameter, the height of the coronal water bl
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Lechêne, S., Z. Acem, G. Parent, A. Collin, and P. Boulet. "Radiative shielding by water mist : comparisons between downward, upward and impacting injection of droplets." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 369 (June 11, 2012): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/369/1/012027.

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Zhong, Xin, Yuhui Zhang, Yu Hou, Huicheng Feng, and Lidong Sun. "Unique dynamics of water-ethanol binary droplets impacting onto a superheated surface with nanotubes." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 164 (January 2021): 120571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2020.120571.

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Terzis, A., M. Kirsch, V. Vaikuntanathan, A. Geppert, G. Lamanna, and B. Weigand. "Splashing characteristics of diesel exhaust fluid (AdBlue) droplets impacting on urea-water solution films." Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 102 (April 2019): 152–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2018.11.002.

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Wang, Lin, Ruoxi Wang, Jing Wang, and Tak-Sing Wong. "Compact nanoscale textures reduce contact time of bouncing droplets." Science Advances 6, no. 29 (2020): eabb2307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb2307.

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Many natural surfaces are capable of rapidly shedding water droplets—a phenomenon that has been attributed to the presence of low solid fraction textures (Φs ~ 0.01). However, recent observations revealed the presence of unusually high solid fraction nanoscale textures (Φs ~ 0.25 to 0.64) on water-repellent insect surfaces, which cannot be explained by existing wetting theories. Here, we show that the contact time of bouncing droplets on high solid fraction surfaces can be reduced by reducing the texture size to ~100 nm. We demonstrated that the texture size–dependent contact time reduction co
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Naso, Aurore, Jennifer Jucha, Emmanuel Lévêque, and Alain Pumir. "Collision rate of ice crystals with water droplets in turbulent flows." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 845 (April 27, 2018): 615–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.238.

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Riming, the process whereby ice crystals get coated by impacting supercooled liquid droplets, is one of the dominant processes leading to precipitation in mixed-phase clouds. How a settling crystal collides with very small water droplets has been mostly studied in laminar conditions. The present numerical study aims at providing further insight on how turbulent flow motion affects the riming of ice crystals. We model the crystals as narrow oblate ellipsoids, smaller than the Kolmogorov elementary scale. By neglecting the effect of fluid inertia on the motion of the crystals and droplets, and u
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