Academic literature on the topic 'Water ferns'
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Journal articles on the topic "Water ferns"
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Indrayeni, Wiwik _., Ezi Anggraini, and Wirnelis Syarif. "Analisis Gizi Olahan Dari Sayuran Pakis Sebagai Potensi Daerah." JURNAL PENDIDIKAN DAN KELUARGA 12, no. 01 (July 8, 2020): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jpk/vol12-iss01/737.
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Based on preliminary observations, fern is a plant that has mucus, contains a lot of liquid and is easily blackened. Therefore all this time, fern vegetables cannot be processed with various kinds of preparations. Vegetable fern can only be processed for clear vegetables and rendang only by the community, while vegetable ferns are often found in areas in Indonesia, especially in West Sumatra. Based on these observations, food preparations made from vegetable ferns were accepted and liked by the community, as well as souvenirs from various regions producing ferns. The purpose of this study is to vary the variety of processed from vegetable ferns and see the level of community preference for food preparations on vegetable ferns. In this study a nutritional analysis was done through a proximate test to see the nutritional content (Carbohydrates, Protein, Water and Fat) in the products produced. The expected results in this study are the products produced have good nutritional value and are suitable for public consumption
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Calkin, Howard W., Arthur C. Gibson, and Park S. Nobel. "Xylem water potentials and hydraulic conductances in eight species of ferns." Canadian Journal of Botany 63, no. 3 (March 1, 1985): 632–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b85-079.
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Water potentials, flow rates, and anatomy of xylary elements were studied in eight species of ferns to assess the physical constraints that xylem structure presents to water flow. Comparisons were made among ferns of different leaf morphology as well as between a fern with vessels and ferns with tracheids only. Hydraulic conductance was measured by forcing a solution through excised plant segments. These hydraulic conductances were in close agreement with conductances calculated from water potential gradients and flows measured in intact plants. In three species, backflushing excised segments by forcing a basipetal flow increased subsequently measured conductances two- to six-fold, indicating that the xylem of these three species was partially blocked in intact plants. Hagen–Poiseuille estimates of conductance based on xylary element diameters were 1.8–2.7 times the conductances measured for excised segments. Hydraulic conductances of tracheids and vessels of ferns thus deviate from those of ideal capillaries of similar diameter to about the same extent as has been reported for tracheids in conifers and for vessels in dicotyledons.
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Mehltreter, Klaus, Alejandro Flores-Palacios, and José G. García-Franco. "Host preferences of low-trunk vascular epiphytes in a cloud forest of Veracruz, Mexico." Journal of Tropical Ecology 21, no. 6 (October 19, 2005): 651–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467405002683.
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The diversity, abundance and frequency of vascular epiphytes on the lower trunk were compared between two host groups of a Mexican cloud forest: angiosperm trees (n = 72) and tree ferns (n = 28). The bark of the five most frequent host trees and the root mantle of the two tree ferns were analysed for their thickness, water content, water retention capacity and pH. A total of 55 epiphyte species and 910 individuals were found on the 27 host species. On hosts with a dbh range of 5–10 cm, epiphytes were significantly more diverse (4.3±0.9 species per host) and more abundant (12.5±2.2 individuals per host) on tree ferns than on angiosperm trees (1.9±0.2 species per host and 3.9±0.6 individuals per host). However, these differences were not significant for the dbh class of 10–20 cm, because epiphyte numbers increased on angiosperm trees with larger host size, but not in tree ferns. Most epiphyte species had no preference for any host group, but four species were significantly more frequent on tree ferns and two species on angiosperm trees. The higher epiphyte diversity and abundance on tree fern trunks of the smallest dbh class is attributed to their presumably greater age and to two stem characteristics, which differed significantly between host groups, the thicker root mantle and higher water retention capacity of tree ferns. These bark characteristics may favour germination and establishment of epiphytes.
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de la Paix, Mupenzi Jean, Li Lanhai, Habumugisha Jean de Dieu, and Maina Nyongesah John. "Plant algae method for arsenic removal from arsenic contaminated groundwater." Water Science and Technology 65, no. 5 (March 1, 2012): 927–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.875.
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Field studies were carried out in Urumqi River Basin in Northwest China. The study focused on experimentation on a plant algae method that was tested by taking various water chemistries into consideration. The results from a greenhouse experiment evaluated for four doses of P (0, 100, 200, and 300 μmol/L) using two ferns (30 and 60 day old) on 15 L of contaminated groundwater per plant revealed that the biomass of 30-day old ferns gained was higher than 60-day fern. As solution-P increased from 0 to 450 μmol/L, Phosphorus concentration in the fronds increased from 1.9 to 3.9 mg/kg and 1.95 to 4.0 mg/kg for 30-d and 60-d ferns respectively. This study showed that the plant algae method may be a good solution to maximize arsenic uptake in the short term under normal climatic conditions.
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Lo Gullo, Maria A., Fabio Raimondo, Alessandro Crisafulli, Sebastiano Salleo, and Andrea Nardini. "Leaf hydraulic architecture and water relations of three ferns from contrasting light habitats." Functional Plant Biology 37, no. 6 (2010): 566. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp09303.
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Leaf hydraulic architecture and water relations of three fern species were measured. The species selected were adapted either to deeply shaded (Woodwardia radicans), moderately shaded (Dryopteris affinis) or moderately sunny (Polystichum setiferum) habitats, as confirmed by microclimatic measurements performed in the field. Leaf water potential (Ψleaf) was lower and leaf conductance to water vapour (gL) was higher in P. setiferum than in the shade-adapted ferns. Leaf osmotic potential and water potential at the turgor loss point were lower in the sun-adapted species than in the other ferns. Leaf hydraulic resistance (Rleaf) was lowest in P. setiferum and Rleaf was correlated with gL across species. Low Rleaf was coordinated with low rachis hydraulic resistance (Rrachis). Low values of Rrachis in P. setiferum were not due to the presence of wide xylem conduits as checked on the basis of anatomical measurements, but to increased radial permeability of vascular bundles. This was a consequence of the absence of endodermis surrounding the vascular bundles in P. setiferum, which was observed in the rachis of shade-adapted species. We conclude that hydraulic adjustment of fern fronds is a key component of adaptation of pteridophytes to contrasting light habitats.
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Zhang, Qiang, Jun-Wen Chen, Bao-Gui Li, and Kun-Fang Cao. "Epiphytes and hemiepiphytes have slower photosynthetic response to lightflecks than terrestrial plants: evidence from ferns and figs." Journal of Tropical Ecology 25, no. 5 (September 2009): 465–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026646740900618x.
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Abstract:Photosynthetic responses of 12 species including six fern species (Neottopteris nidus, Microsorum punctatum, Pseudodrynaria coronans, Asplenium finlaysonianum, Paraleptochilus decurrens and Tectaria fauriei) and seedlings of six fig species (Ficus curtipes, F. gibbosa, F. altissima, F. auriculata, F. oligodon and F. hookeriana) in different life forms to lightfleck were investigated, to test whether epiphytes and hemiepiphytes display a slower response to lightfleck and fast induction loss after a lightfleck compared with their terrestrial counterparts, and whether ferns display a slower response to lightfleck and slower induction loss compared to figs. The measurements of functional traits and physiological parameters were determined in a screenhouse of 4% full sunlight. Epiphytic ferns and hemiepiphytic figs had thicker leaves compared with their terrestrial counterparts. Compared with figs, ferns had thicker fronds, larger stomata with a low density, and lower stomatal conductance and photosynthetic capacity; ferns had lower light compensation point and dark respiration rate, conferring a positive carbon gain under low diffuse light beneath the canopy. The induction time to reach 90% maximum net photosynthetic rate (T90) upon the exposure to a saturated light varied strongly among life forms. Epiphytic ferns had slower T90 than terrestrial ferns (19.9–26.3 vs 5.9–16.3 min, respectively), and hemiepiphytic figs had slower T90 than terrestrial figs (13.1–20.4 vs 5.2–7.8 min, respectively). Compared with figs, ferns showed a slower response to lightfleck. Across ferns and figs, the induction time was negatively correlated with initial stomatal conductance. No significant difference in induction loss was found between two life forms within ferns or figs, whereas ferns had a significantly slower induction loss compared with figs. These results showed that the inherent conservative water use strategy of the epiphytes and hemiepiphytes constrain their lightfleck utilization.
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Rowntree, J. K., and E. Sheffield. "Effects of asulam spraying on non-target ferns." Canadian Journal of Botany 83, no. 12 (December 2005): 1622–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b05-127.
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The systemic herbicide asulam is used extensively to control the weedy fern bracken ( Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn). Other ferns were thought to be highly sensitive to asulam exposure, but there has been a dearth of experimental evidence. Eight fern species were exposed to asulam spray at three different application rates or a control of water. Asulam was applied at the recommended field application rate for bracken clearance, and at two further rates corresponding to 10 and 50 m downwind of an aerial spray event. Damage was assessed over two seasons. All ferns tested were severely damaged by exposure to the highest application rate, but sensitivity varied between species. Maximum damage occurred 1 year after spraying, and limited signs of recovery could be seen by the second season. The effects of adding the adjuvant Agral® to applications of asulam were tested on the threatened pteridophyte Pilularia globulifera L. No damage additional to that caused by exposure to asulam was observed. This work supports the view that 50 m buffer zones are sufficient to protect sensitive ferns from the effects of aerial spraying with asulam, provided that drift-reducing nozzles are used and the manufacturer’s application guidelines are observed.
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Gibson, Arthur C., Howard W. Calkin, and Park S. Nobel. "Hydraulic Conductance and Xylem Structure in Tracheid-Bearing Plants." IAWA Journal 6, no. 4 (1985): 293–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000957.
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To understand water flow in tracheary elements, hydraulic conductances per unit length were measured and then compared with theoretical values calculated from xylem anatomical measurements using the Hagen -Poiseuille relation for nine species of pteridophytes, including Psilotum and eight species of ferns. In ferns the water potential gradients were essentially constant from the root tips to the distal portion of the leaf rachises, although somewhat larger gradients were found from the petiolule onward. Although tracheid number and diameter apparently controlled water flow in xylem, estimates of hydraulic conductance per unit length predicted from tracheid numbers and diameters were generally twice those actually measured from plants under steady-state conditions. A model was developed to account for this discrepancy for Pteris vittata, indicating that pit membrane resistances may contribute 70% of the total resistance to water flow in this fern. This may account for the generally observed deviation of tracheid performance from that predicted for ideal capillaries of uniform diameter.
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Rahaman, Sabdar, Pankaj Kumar Singh, Protip Basu, Sohini Gupta, Monojit Basu, and Sayak Ganguli. "Isolation and Computational Characterization of Glutathione Peroxidase Gene from an Aquatic Fern - Salvinia molesta ." International Letters of Natural Sciences 51 (February 2016): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.51.58.
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Pteridophytes and more specifically ferns represent a large but threatened group of plants which often serve as important environmental markers for pollution. Reports regarding stress responses in ferns are rare, apart from a few studies involving the ecological distribution and molecular marker studies. This work isolates a glutathione peroxidase enzyme from an aquatic fern widely distributed in fresh and polluted water bodies adjacent to sources of environmental polluted sources. Further computational analyses were performed to study the structure of the protein encoded by the open reading frame. Results indicate the presence of a large number of binding pockets which serve as important binding sites in the interactions with the cognate ligands.
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Gibson, A. C., H. W. Calkin, D. O. Raphael, and P. S. Nobel. "Water relations and xylem anatomy of ferns." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 86 (1985): 81–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000007995.
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SynopsisThe entire soil-plant-atmosphere continuum must be analysed to elucidate how xylem anatomy relates to water flow in plants. Measurements of water potential gradients and volume of water flow per unit time are needed to obtain values of hydraulic conductance per unit length. By comparing values of hydraulic conductance per unit length along the plant, the regions where xylem structure restricts water flow can be determined. Previous studies of fern water relations demonstrated that very large water potential gradients occurring in stipes of certain ferns were closely correlated with reduced conducting area of stipe xylem. A new study on Cyrtomium falcatum showed that the water potential gradient was relatively small and constant along the stipe and rachis; however, a much larger gradient occurred from the rachies into the pinnae. Hydraulic conductance per unit length varied with the leaf area to be supplied, leading to the fairly constant water potential gradient along the rachis.. The measured hydraulic conductance per unit length was only half the value predicted from the Hagen-Poiseuille equation. Although the Hagen-Poiseuille equation overestimated the measured value by a factor of 2, it did support the assumption that conduit number and lumen diameter are the principal determinants of water conductance in the xylem.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Water ferns"
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Garcia, Juliana Bittencourt. "Desenvolvimento do aerênquima em raízes de Cebatopteris richardii brongn. (PTERIDACEAE) submetidas a estresse hídrico." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/158512.
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O aerênquima é um tecido vegetal com grandes lacunas de ar que podem ter função de circulação de gases e/ou sustentação de órgãos, estando presente nas raízes e órgãos aéreos de plantas aquáticas ou sob alagamento, podendo ainda ser formado em decorrência de algum estresse. Ceratopteris richardii é uma planta aquática, de hábito anfíbio que apresenta aerênquima em seus órgãos vegetativos. Dessa forma, esse trabalho buscou analisar a formação de aerênquima nas raízes e pecíolo desta espécie frente a uma situação de restrição hídrica e verificar sua plasticidade fenotípica. Vinte indivíduos de C. richardii foram cultivados e submetidos a um tratamento com diferentes concentrações de PEG 6000. Em todas as amostras analisadas, foi observada a formação de aerênquima. A análise qualitativa mostrou diferença entre os tratamentos, porém, a análise estatística revelou que as diferenças não são significativas para o número amostral empregado. Variações de crescimento do esporófito revelaram que a espécie de estudo modificou algumas características de desenvolvimento em resposta a restrição hídrica. Tais resultados revelam importantes características para esta espécie, que parece aclimatar-se a situação de estresse a qual foi submetida. Com base nisso, sugere-se ampliar estes estudos para elucidar questões relacionadas a formação de aerênquima e o ambiente, seja para esta espécie ou de outro grupo taxonômico.Aerenchyma is a plant tissue with large air gaps that may have gas circulation function and / or sustain organs. This structure is present in roots and aerial organs of water plants and in plants under flooding it may also be formed during some stress. Ceratopteris richardii is an aquatic plant, with amphibious habit that has aerenchyma in their vegetative organs. Thus, the aim of this study is analyze the aerenchyma formation in roots and stem of this specie under water restriction situation and verify their phenotypic plasticity. Twenty specimen of C. richardii were cultured and subjected to treatment with different concentrations of PEG 6000. In all samples, were observed aerenchyma formation. Qualitative analysis showed differences among treatments, however, the statistical analysis revealed that the differences are not significant for the sample size. Sporophyte growth variations revealed that the specie of study modified some growth characteristics in response to water restriction. These results reveal important characteristics for C. richardii, which seems to acclimatize the stress situation which has submitted. On the base that, it is suggested further studies to become clearer the relation between aerenchyma formation and environment, even to either this species or another taxonomic group.
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De, Bever Alan. "The effectiveness of different combinations of hoaglands’s solution and azolla filiculoids on hydroponically cultivated beta vulgaris subsp. cycla ’Fordhook Giant'." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/844.
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Thesis (MTech (Horticultural Sciences)--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2012This study evaluated the effects of different combinations of Hoagland’s solution and Azolla filiculoides on Beta vulgaris subsp. cycla ‘FORDHOOK GIANT’ grown in different hydroponic nutrient solutions. These solutions were comprised of a full Hoagland’s solution and a Hoagland’s solution minus nitrogen solution and amalgamations of these with Azolla respectively. The objectives were to assess the effects of different combinations of Hoagland’s solution and A. filiculoides on uptake of nitrogen and other nutrients, photosynthesis, chlorophyll content, growth and development in B. vulgaris grown in hydroponic cultures. The treatments were made up of 1) Hoagland’s minus N solution (as the control), 2) A. filiculoides plus Hoagland’s minus N solution, 3) A. filiculoides plus a full Hoagland’s solution and 4) full Hoagland’s solution. Each treatment was replicated 4 times. Nutrient uptake was measured at 4 and 8 weeks into the experiment. Photosynthesis was measured by analysing the photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration and the evapotranspiration rate of B. vulgaris on a weekly basis. Chlorophyll content was determined by analysing the samples at 4 and 8 weeks. Growth and development was determined by measuring plant height, leaf number, leaf colour, fresh weight and dry weight. Plant height, leaf number and leaf colour on a biweekly intervals, while fresh and dry weight were analysed at 4 and 8 weeks into the experiment. In this study, the most favourable results were attained by the full Hoagland’s solution. This treatment produced plants with the highest nutrient uptake, photosynthesis, chlorophyll content and best growth and development. Preceding this was the Azolla plus full Hoagland’s solution, followed by the Azolla plus Hoagland’s minus nitrogen solution. The poorest results were noted in the control (Hoagland’s minus nitrogen solution) as all the tested parameters in this treatment were the lowest. In this study, Azolla plus Hoagland's minus N solution treatment produced significant growth in B. vulgaris. Although nitrogen was not applied in this treatment, there was improved nitrogen content in B. vulgaris organs. It is postulated that, probably, Azolla released the fixed nitrogen in its surrounding environment making it available to B. vulgaris hence improving N uptake and growth. This implies that there was a synergistic effect from Azolla–Anabaena symbiosis. More studies to understand the mechanisms involved in improving the plant growth are recommended.
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Langa, Sílvia da Fátima. "The impact and control of waterweeds in the Southern Mozambique Basin rivers." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001905.
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In Mozambique, establishment of aquatic weeds has been enhanced through the increased enrichment of water bodies by nutrient runoffs from human and agricultural wastes that lead to an increase in nitrate and phosphate in the water. The aquatic weeds, water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), red water fern ( Azolla microphylla), water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) and salvinia (Salvinia molesta) were found in most watercourses in Mozambique and are becoming aggressive in some watercourses, especially in the Umbeluzi and Incomati rivers. Farmers and people living along the rivers are aware of the negative impact of the water weeds because the large mats of weeds cause loss of shoreline and navigability along the rivers. Other commonly perceived effects of aquatic invasive plants in Mozambique rivers include: reduced navigable surface area; difficulties for fishermen, which reduces income; increased prevalence of insects and insect-borne disease, and decreased aesthetic value. The methods currently used for the control and management of the aquatic weeds are mechanical and manual control. Both methods are costly, time consuming, and only provide a short-term solution to the problem. The study found that the weevils Neochetina eichhorniae and N. bruchi were effective biological control agents in the study area but their impact is too gradual compared to the aggressive proliferation of water hyacinth. The one year lab-experiment clearly demonstrated that the water lettuce weed had a significant impact on the recruitment of macro-invertebrates to the artificial substrates, and water lettuce contributed to the reduction of oxygen in the water and consequent reduction of macro-invertebrate abundance and diversity. The biodiversity recovered at the same time in the pools containing water lettuce controlled by N. affinis and water lettuce controlled by herbicide, but richness and diversity of macro-invertebrates was higher in the water lettuce controlled by N affinis during the first sampling occasion compared to the water lettuce in pools controlled by herbicide, where macro-invertebrates increased only when DO levels recovered after water lettuce mat decay. The number of taxa recorded in this study is an indication of the significance of macro-invertebrates in an aquatic environment. This therefore emphasizes the need for more research efforts into macrophyte and macro-invertebrate associations in the aquatic system to better understand the implications of habitat modification arising from human activities. It will also enable us to be better equipped with a more appropriate ecological understanding for aquatic resources management.
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Hunt, James N. "Nanoscale Interface Studies of a Microprojector and Water Fern." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1306345146.
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Ross, Sarah Ysabel. "Relationships between hydrology, hydrochemistry and vegetation patterning on Scottish fens." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/24825.
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Fens are increasingly recognised as important habitats in terms of biodiversity, and this has been formalised in recent legislation (EC Habitats Directive, 92/43/EEC). The influence of groundwater and surface water inputs on the fen habitat increases its vulnerability to water pollution, particularly from nutrients. Despite the conservation importance and potential vulnerability of the habitat, fens have not been widely studied in Scotland, in terms of extent, location, sensitivity to increased nutrient inputs, or in comparison to similar European sites. This study found that fens were widespread throughout mainland Scotland, and that basin fens were the most commonly occurring fen type, representing 43% of the 355 sites assessed. A survey of 18 basin fens found that 72% were potentially vulnerable to elevated nutrient inputs, being surrounded by improved/modified land. Despite this, only four sites showed greater nutrient concentrations in sub-surface water samples or water inputs. There was, however, a significant amount of variation in hydrochemistry between the sites. Detailed studies further assessed spatial and temporal variations in hydrochemistry, and associated hydrologic regimes on two similar basin fens, one in an agricultural catchment, the other surrounded by unimproved grassland. Spatial patterning of vegetation was associated with both base-richness and nutrient concentrations of subsurface water, and the frequency of water inundation. General relationships between the six fen vegetation types and the observed hydrological and hydrochemical variation were presented.
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Mayser, Matthias [Verfasser]. "Air layers under water on the fern Salvinia : Stability and biomimetic applications / Matthias Mayser." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2014. http://d-nb.info/105404418X/34.
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Marchi, Sidnei Roberto de [UNESP]. "Efeito de pontas de pulverização e de arranjos populacionais de plantas de Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms., Salvinia auriculata Aubl. e Pistia stratiotes L. na deposição de calda de pulverização." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99962.
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Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a quantidade de calda de pulverização depositada na água e em folhas de Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms, Salvinia auriculata Aubl e Pistia stratiotes L. em condições variáveis de arranjos populacionais e dois tipos de pontas de pulverização (ConeJet TXVK-8 e TeeJet DG 11002 VS). Para tanto, foi conduzido um experimento em caixas d água composto por três Situações distintas. Na Situação Aguapé, além da proporção de dominância total correspondente à cobertura de 100% da caixa d água pelas plantas de aguapé, foram utilizados os arranjos (ou proporções) com as espécies de salvinia ou alface d água a 75%:25%, 50%:50%, 25%:75%. Adotou-se as mesmas proporções na Situação Salvínia e na Situação Alface d água, sendo que cada Situação foi determinada pela predominância total de salvínia ou alface d água, respectivamente, na caixa d água. Uma densidade tripla, onde as três espécies foram igualmente dispostas na proporção de 33,33%, foi utilizada como testemunha. Soluções dos corantes Amarelo Tartrasina FDC-5 a 3.500 ppm e Azul Brilhante FDC-1 a 1.000 ppm foram utilizados como traçadores para as pontas TXVK-8 e DG 11002VS, respectivamente. A pulverização de ambas soluções foram efetuadas na mesma unidade experimental, com um intervalo de 30 minutos entre si, através de um pulverizador costal pressurizado com CO2 e calibrado de modo a proporcionar um volume de aplicação aproximado de 200 L/ha. Amostras de água dos reservatórios foram coletadas antes e após as aplicações com o objetivo de avaliar a quantidade de calda de pulverização que não atingiu o alvo. Imediatamente após a coleta da 2 água, as plantas presentes nos reservatórios foram lavadas com água destilada até remoção total dos corantes depositados nas folhas. Placas de plástico contendo...
The present research had as objective to quantify the spray deposition on water and leaves of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms), water fern (Salvinia auriculata Aubl.) and water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes L.) according to various population arrangements and two nozzle type (ConeJet TXVK-8 and TeeJet 11002VS). The trial was carried out under reservoirs conditions using three different Situations. At Water hyacinth Situation, besides the total dominancy proportion equivalent to 100% of reservoir covering by water hyacinth plants, it was used three others combinations involving water hyacinth and water fern or water lettuce plants, as following: 75%:25%, 50%:50% and 25%:75%. The same combinations were also used at Water Fern Situation and Water Lettuce Situation, being each Situation determined by total dominancy of water fern or water lettuce in the 4 reservoirs, respectively. A triple ratio, where the three species were equally disposed at proportion of 33,33%, was used as check. Dye solutions of FD&C Yellow n. 5 at 3,500 ppm and FD&C Blue n. 1 at 1,000 ppm were used as spraying tracers for TXVK-8 and DG 11002 VS nozzles, respectively. Both solutions were sprayed at same plot within at 30 minutes interval each one through a CO2 pressured backpack knapsack calibrated to delivery a spray volume around 200 L/ha. Samples of reservoirs water were taken before and after sprays in order to evaluate the carrier quantity that not reaches the target. After that, the plants present at reservoirs were washed with distillated water until totally dyes removal deposited on the leaves. Plastic dishes containing 20 mL of distillated water were disposed in each experimental plot in order to check the spray efficacy and possible drift losses. Absorbance measures at 427 and 630 nm of wavelength were procedures... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
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Sanyahumbi, Douglas. "Removal of lead from solution by the non-viable biomass of the water fern Azolla filiculoides." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003960.
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The removal of lead from aqueous solution and lead-acid battery manufacturing waste-water by the non-viable biomass of the water fern Azolla filiculoides was investigated in both batch and column reactors. The maximum lead uptake by the Azolla biomass at a pH value of approximately 5, was found to be 100 mg lead/g biomass from aqueous solution. Lead removal varied from 30% of the initial lead concentration at pH 1.5 to approximately 95% at pH values of 3.5 and 5.6. Lead removal from aqueous solution decreased to 30% of the initial lead concentration if the lead concentration was initially over 400 mg/l. At initial lead concentrations of less than 400 mg/l, percentage lead removal was found to be over 90% of the initial lead concentration. Lead removal remained at approximately 90% between 10°C and 50°C. Biomass concentration (4-8 mg/l) had little effect on lead removal. The presence of iron (Fe) and lead, copper (Cu) and lead or all three metal ions in solution at varying ratios to each other did not appear to have any significant effect on lead removal. Percentage lead, copper and iron removal from aqueous solution was 80-95, 45-50 and 65-75% respectively for the different multiple-metal solutions studied. No break-through points were observed for lead removal from aqueous solutions in column reactors, with initial lead concentrations of less than 100 mg/l at varying flow rates of 2, 5 and 10 ml/min. This suggested that flow rate, and therefore retention time, had little effect on percentage lead removal from aqueous solution, which was more that 95%, at low initial lead concentrations (less than 100 mg/l). At initial lead concentrations of 200 mg/l or more, an increase in flow rate, which equates to a decrease in column retention time, resulted in break-through points occurring earlier in the column run. Percentage lead removal values, from lead-acid battery efiluent in column systems, of over 95% were achieved. Desorption of approximately 30% and 40% of bound lead was achieved, with 0.5 M HNO₃ in a volume of 50 ml, from two lead-acid battery. Repeated adsorption and desorption of lead by the Azalia biomass over 10 cycles did not result in any decrease in the percentage lead removal from effluent, which strongly suggested that the Azalla biomass could be re-used a number of times without deterioration in its physical integrity, or lead removal capacity. No evidence of deterioration in the Azolla biomass's physical integrity after 10 successive adsorption and desorption procedures was observed using scanning electron microscopy. The Azolla filiculoides biomass was, therefore, found to be able to effectively remove lead from aqueous solution and lead-acid battery effluent repeatedly, with no observed reduction in it's uptake capacity or physical integrity.
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Marchi, Sidnei Roberto de 1964. "Efeito de pontas de pulverização e de arranjos populacionais de plantas de Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms., Salvinia auriculata Aubl. e Pistia stratiotes L. na deposição de calda de pulverização /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99962.
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Orientador: Dagoberto MartinsBanca: Robinson Antonio Pitelli
Banca: Gerson Augusto Gelmini
Banca: Mario Sergio Tomazela
Banca: Marcus Barifouse Matallo
Resumo: Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a quantidade de calda de pulverização depositada na água e em folhas de Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms, Salvinia auriculata Aubl e Pistia stratiotes L. em condições variáveis de arranjos populacionais e dois tipos de pontas de pulverização (ConeJet TXVK-8 e TeeJet DG 11002 VS). Para tanto, foi conduzido um experimento em caixas dágua composto por três Situações distintas. Na Situação Aguapé, além da proporção de dominância total correspondente à cobertura de 100% da caixa dágua pelas plantas de aguapé, foram utilizados os arranjos (ou proporções) com as espécies de salvinia ou alface dágua a 75%:25%, 50%:50%, 25%:75%. Adotou-se as mesmas proporções na Situação Salvínia e na Situação Alface dágua, sendo que cada Situação foi determinada pela predominância total de salvínia ou alface dágua, respectivamente, na caixa dágua. Uma densidade tripla, onde as três espécies foram igualmente dispostas na proporção de 33,33%, foi utilizada como testemunha. Soluções dos corantes Amarelo Tartrasina FDC-5 a 3.500 ppm e Azul Brilhante FDC-1 a 1.000 ppm foram utilizados como traçadores para as pontas TXVK-8 e DG 11002VS, respectivamente. A pulverização de ambas soluções foram efetuadas na mesma unidade experimental, com um intervalo de 30 minutos entre si, através de um pulverizador costal pressurizado com CO2 e calibrado de modo a proporcionar um volume de aplicação aproximado de 200 L/ha. Amostras de água dos reservatórios foram coletadas antes e após as aplicações com o objetivo de avaliar a quantidade de calda de pulverização que não atingiu o alvo. Imediatamente após a coleta da 2 água, as plantas presentes nos reservatórios foram lavadas com água destilada até remoção total dos corantes depositados nas folhas. Placas de plástico contendo... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The present research had as objective to quantify the spray deposition on water and leaves of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms), water fern (Salvinia auriculata Aubl.) and water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes L.) according to various population arrangements and two nozzle type (ConeJet TXVK-8 and TeeJet 11002VS). The trial was carried out under reservoirs conditions using three different Situations. At Water hyacinth Situation, besides the total dominancy proportion equivalent to 100% of reservoir covering by water hyacinth plants, it was used three others combinations involving water hyacinth and water fern or water lettuce plants, as following: 75%:25%, 50%:50% and 25%:75%. The same combinations were also used at Water Fern Situation and Water Lettuce Situation, being each Situation determined by total dominancy of water fern or water lettuce in the 4 reservoirs, respectively. A triple ratio, where the three species were equally disposed at proportion of 33,33%, was used as check. Dye solutions of FD&C Yellow n. 5 at 3,500 ppm and FD&C Blue n. 1 at 1,000 ppm were used as spraying tracers for TXVK-8 and DG 11002 VS nozzles, respectively. Both solutions were sprayed at same plot within at 30 minutes interval each one through a CO2 pressured backpack knapsack calibrated to delivery a spray volume around 200 L/ha. Samples of reservoirs water were taken before and after sprays in order to evaluate the carrier quantity that not reaches the target. After that, the plants present at reservoirs were washed with distillated water until totally dyes removal deposited on the leaves. Plastic dishes containing 20 mL of distillated water were disposed in each experimental plot in order to check the spray efficacy and possible drift losses. Absorbance measures at 427 and 630 nm of wavelength were procedures... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Doutor
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Eades, Philip Andrew. "Experimental studies into the effects of water level changes upon the vegetation and fertility of calcareous spring-fed fens." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268281.
Full textBooks on the topic "Water ferns"
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Yun, Mi-Ae. Walter Benjamin als Zeitgenosse Bertolt Brechts: Eine paradoxe Beziehung zwischen Nähe und Ferne. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2000.
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Mohlenbrock, Robert H. Filicineae, Gymnospermae and Other Monocots Excluding Cyperaceae: Ferns, Conifers, and Other Monocots Excluding Sedges (Aquatic and Standing Water Plants of the Central Midwest). Southern Illinois University, 2006.
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1960-, Mars Hans de, ed. Chemical and physical dynamics of fen hydro-ecology. Utrecht: Koninklijk Nederlands Aardrijkskundig Genootschap, 1996.
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British River Navigations: Inland Cuts, Fens, Dikes, Channels and Non-tidal Rivers. Adlard Coles, 2013.
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Noort, Robert Van de, and Aidan O'Sullivan. Rethinking Wetland Archeology (Duckworth Debates in Archaeology) (Duckworth Debates in Archaeology). Gerald Duckworth & Company, 2006.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Water ferns"
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Kluge, M., P. N. Avadhani, and C. J. Goh. "Gas Exchange and Water Relations in Epiphytic Tropical Ferns." In Ecological Studies, 87–108. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74465-5_4.
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Nandi, Bharati, and Saibal Chattopadhyay. "Heterosporous Water Ferns from the Late Cretaceous to Neogene Periods of India." In Pteridology in the New Millennium, 505–20. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2811-9_35.
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Mao, Gang. "A Study of Bio-Computational Design in Terms of Enhancing Water Absorption by Method of Bionics Within the Architectural Fields." In Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES, 102–13. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_10.
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AbstractThis essay aims to explore an architecture computational design intended to accept and absorb moisture through geometrical and material conditions, and using design strategies, help deliver this moisture upwards through capillary action to areas of cryptogamic growth including mosses and smaller ferns on the surface of architecture. The purpose of this research project is to explore the morphology of general capillary systems based on research into the principle of xylematic structures in trees, thereby creating a range of capillary designs using three types of material: plaster, 3D print plastic, and concrete. In addition, computational studies are used to examine various types of computational designs of organic structures, such as columns, driven by physical and environmental conditions such as sunshine, shade, tides and other biological processes to explore three-dimensional particle-based branching systems that define both structural and water delivery paths.
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Bakewell, Lyndsey, Antonia Liguori, and Michael Wilson. "From Gallura to the Fens." In Water, Creativity and Meaning, 70–84. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. |: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315110356-5.
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Cerman, Zdenek, Boris F. Striffler, and Wilhelm Barthlott. "Dry in the Water: The Superhydrophobic Water Fern Salvinia – a Model for Biomimetic Surfaces." In Functional Surfaces in Biology, 97–111. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6697-9_7.
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Evans, T. E., and D. G. Thorn. "Flood Protection and Drainage of the East and West Fens Hydrology." In Hydraulic Design in Water Resources Engineering: Land Drainage, 199–212. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-22014-6_20.
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Thorn, D. G., and W. G. Davidson. "Flood Protection and Drainage of the East and West Fens Engineering and Economics." In Hydraulic Design in Water Resources Engineering: Land Drainage, 221–32. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-22014-6_22.
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Verhoeven, J. T. A., W. Koerselman, and B. Beltman. "The Vegetation of Fens in Relation to Their Hydrology and Nutrient Dynamics: A Case Study." In Vegetation of inland waters, 249–82. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3087-2_8.
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Thorn, D. G., and K. Guganesharajah. "Flood Protection and Drainage of the East and West Fens Unsteady Flow Modelling Studies." In Hydraulic Design in Water Resources Engineering: Land Drainage, 213–20. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-22014-6_21.
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Weintraub, David A. "Imaginary Mars." In Life on Mars, 46–54. Princeton University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691209258.003.0004.
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This chapter cites astronomers that began imagining a Mars that was in every way like Earth and began terraforming Mars in their minds in the 1830s. It explores the act of terraforming Mars that would change its physical environment as it would become an Earth-like world where humans could live, with a temperate climate, running water, and a breathable atmosphere. It also talks about Earthbound astronomers in the nineteenth century that could not actually terraform Mars but could reshape their collective understanding of Mars and change it from a hostile world into one where humans, butterflies, and ferns could all live. The chapter emphasizes how imagination combined with herd instinct could become powerful tools for self-deception. It mentions Wolff Beer and Johann Heinrich von Mädler, who carried out the pioneering work of terraforming Mars and carried out a program of repeated observations of Mars from 1831 through 1839.
Conference papers on the topic "Water ferns"
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DeNafo, Matthew. "Removal of Arsenic with the Process of Phytoremediation using Pteris vittata Ferns." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2007. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40927(243)428.
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Campany, Courtney. "Leaf water relations in epiphytic ferns are driven by avoidance rather than tolerance mechanisms." In ASPB PLANT BIOLOGY 2020. USA: ASPB, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46678/pb.20.1332507.
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Su, Yi, Fengxiang Han, Safwan Shiyab, Jian Chen, and David L. Monts. "Accumulation of Mercury in Selected Plant Species Grown in Soils Contaminated With Different Mercury Compounds." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7123.
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The objective of our research is to screen and search for suitable plant species for phytoremediation of mercury-contaminated soil. Currently our effort is specifically focused on mercury removal from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) sites, where mercury contamination is a major concern. In order to cost effectively implement mercury remediation efforts, it is necessary now to obtain an improved understanding of biological means of removing mercury and mercury compounds. Phytoremediation is a technology that uses various plants to degrade, extract, contain, or immobilize contaminants from soil and water. In particular, phytoextraction is the uptake of contaminants by plant roots and translocation within the plants to shoots or leaves. Contaminants are generally removed by harvesting the plants. We have investigated phytoextraction of mercury from contaminated soil by using some of the known metal-accumulating plants since no natural plant species with mercury hyperaccumulating properties has yet been identified. Different natural plant species have been studied for mercury uptake, accumulation, toxicity and overall mercury removal efficiency. Various mercury compounds, such as HgS, HgCl2, and Hg(NO3)2, were used as contaminant sources. Different types of soil were examined and chosen for phytoremediation experiments. We have applied microscopy and diffuse reflectance spectrometry as well as conventional analytical chemistry to monitor the phytoremediation processes of mercury uptake, translocation and accumulation, and the physiological impact of mercury contaminants on selected plant species. Our results indicate that certain plant species, such as beard grass (Polypogon monospeliensis), accumulated a very limited amount of mercury in the shoots (<65 mg/kg), even though root mercury accumulation is significant (maximum 2298 mg/kg). Consequently, this plant species may not be suitable for mercury phytoremediation. Other plant species, such as Indian mustard (Brassica juncea), a well-studied metal accumulator, exhibited severe chlorosis symptoms during some experiments. Among all the plant species studied, Chinese brake fern (Pteris vittata) accumulated significant amount of mercury in both roots and shoots and hence may be considered as a potential candidate for mercury phytoextraction. During one experiment, Chinese brake ferns accumulated 540 mg/kg and 1469 mg/kg in shoots after 18 days of growing in soils treated with 500 parts-per-million (ppm) and 1000 ppm HgCl2 powder, respectively; no visual stress symptoms were observed. We also studied mercury phytoremediation using aged soils that contained HgS, HgCl2, or Hg(NO3)2. We have found that up to hundreds of ppm mercury can be accumulated in the roots of Indian mustard plants grown with soil contaminated by mercury sulfide; HgS is assumed to be the most stable and also the predominant mercury form in floodplain soils. We have also started to investigate different mercury uptake mechanisms, such as root uptake of soil contaminant and foliar mercury accumulation from ambient air. We have observed mercury translocation from roots to shoot for Chinese fern and two Indian mustard varieties.
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Klimova, N. V., N. A. Chernova, E. N. Pats, and A. G. Dyukarev. "DYNAMICS OF HYDROMORPHIC ECOSYSTEMS IN THE AREA OF THE TOMSK WATER INTAKE." In Prirodopol'zovanie i ohrana prirody: Ohrana pamjatnikov prirody, biologicheskogo i landshaftnogo raznoobrazija Tomskogo Priob'ja i drugih regionov Rossii. Izdatel'stvo Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/978-5-94621-954-9-2020-42.
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The influence of the Tomsk water intake on the hydromorphic ecosystems of the Ob-Tom interfluve is studied. The drying of bogs, comparable with drainage, occurred in the 1970–1990s. There are weakly, moderately and excessively dried up areas of bogs and fens identified. Since the early 2000s the dynamics of dried up hydromorphic ecosystems has been being observed, similar to the post-drainage one, in accordance with the degree of drying of ecotopes.
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Higuchi, Makoto, Takashi Hirano, and Katsumi Sakaguchi. "Evaluation of Fatigue Damage on Operating Plant Components in LWR Water." In ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2004-2682.
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The effects of LWR water environments on fatigue life reduction of LWR component materials have been evaluated quantitatively. The environmental correction factor Fen, which is determined by strain rate, temperature and dissolved oxygen content has been proposed for assessing this reduction in the case of carbon, low alloy and austenitic stainless steels. Equations to calculate Fen have been established based on fatigue data derived under constant test conditions but strain rate and temperature in actual transients are usually not constant. A method for calculating Fen under conditions of continuously changing strain rate and temperature was established in this study for use in assessing fatigue damage on actual transients, with due consideration to the effects of LWR water environments. The method should be found applicable to Class 1 vessels. It should be possible to determine the stress cycle and fatigue usage factor in air in accordance with the ASME B&PV Code Section III NB-3200. Fatigue damage in LWR water may be found by linear summation of the products of Fen and partial fatigue usage factor in stress cycles. The method is consisted of simple and detailed methods. The evaluation of Fen must be applied for the strain range in which the strain increases continuously. In the simple method, the entire range of stain increasing is used as one segment and the average strain rate and the highest temperature in it are used for computing Fen. In the detailed method, the strain increasing range should be divided into small segments and average strain rate and highest temperature in it are used for finding Fen and Fens in all segments are subsequently averaged by weighting with strain increment in it. The Fen by this latter procedure was found much less than with the former under a condition of considerable temperature change.