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Journal articles on the topic 'Water float switch'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Agussationo, Yudhi, Sepdian Sepdian, and Andi Rajanudin. "Rancang Bangun Water Level Control Berbasis Sonoff Smart Switch." Jurnal Elektronika Listrik dan Teknologi Informasi Terapan 4, no. 1 (2022): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37338/e.v4i1.234.

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The prototype of an automatic water tank filling system based on a sonoff smart switch that works based on the volume of water level in a tank based on a sonoff smart switch has been successfully created. This study aims to determine the working principle of the sonoff switch and automatic water tank filling system. The water sensor used in this study is a float switch type that works based on changes in the value of the high volume of the tank water. For automatic filling of the water tank, a sonoff smart switch and also a float switch has been used as a switch to drain and disconnect the ele

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2

Yudhi Agussationo, Sepdian, and Andi Rajanudin. "RANCANG BANGUN WATER LEVEL CONTROL BERBASIS SONOFF SMART SWITCH." Jurnal Elektronika Listrik dan Teknologi Informasi Terapan 4, no. 1 (2021): 12–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.37338/elti.v4i1.201.

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The prototype of an automatic water tank filling system based on a sonoff smart switch that works based on the volume of water level in a tank based on a sonoff smart switch has been successfully created. This study aims to determine the working principle of the sonoff switch and automatic water tank filling system. The water sensor used in this study is a float switch type that works based on changes in the value of the high volume of the tank water. For automatic filling of the water tank, a sonoff smart switch and also a float switch have been used as a switch to drain and disconnect the el

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3

Singh, Jitendra, Mustafa Mustafa, Mohammad Sahil, and Lokesh Kumar Kumawat. "Automatic Water Level Controller for Overhead and Underground Water Tank." International Journal of Advanced Engineering, Management and Science 10, no. 3 (2024): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaems.103.6.

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This is an Arduino-based automatic water level controller. Here, we are going to measure the water level with the help of Float switch fluid level controller sensors. The Float switch fluid level controller sensors use the principle of a “2-way switch”. The motor pump automatically turns ON when the water level is low. There is a lot of drinking water crisis in India and also in other countries. Today we need to preserve water at any cost. In India, we can see many houses as overhead tanks and they keep on overflowing water. It wastes a lot of water as well as electricity. If we do not do anyt

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4

J. Band, Erua, and Anyasi, F. I. "Design of an Automatic Water Level Controller Using Mercury Float Switch." IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering 9, no. 2 (2014): 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/2834-09221621.

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5

Kamel, Khaled, and Eman Kamel. "PROCESS CONTROL LADDER LOGIC TROUBLE SHOOTING TECHNIQUES FUNDAMENTALS." IRO Journal on Sustainable Wireless Systems 1, no. 04 (2019): 206–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/jsws.2019.4.001.

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Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) based process control automation projects are a multiphase task requiring months of planning, specification documentation, design, implementation, debugging, and final commissioning. Debugging real time process control implementation is a three-phase process; logic simulation debugging, field static checkout, and in plant final testing and tuning. This paper briefly discusses the fundamental techniques used in the first two stages of implemented ladder logic debugging [5, 6]. A wastewater treatment facility for the processing of high flow storm rainwater usi

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Tombeng, Marchel Thimoty, Clarissa Angelica Tedjo, and Natasya Andani Lembat. "Implementasi Sistem Pengontrolan Tower Air Universitas Klabat Menggunakan Mikrokontroler." CogITo Smart Journal 4, no. 1 (2018): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31154/cogito.v4i1.102.60-71.

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Implementasi system pengontralan tower air di Universitas Klabat dilakukan untuk mengontrol pengisian air dalam bak penampungan. Implementasi penelitian ini dibuat untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan air yang sering terjadi di Universitas Klabat yaitu terbuangnya air secara percuma atau habisnya persediaan air dalam bak penampungan sehingga warga kampus tidak mendapatkan pasokan air. Permasalahan tersebut muncul karena pengontrolan yang masih dilakukan secara manual. Sistem ini dapat menggantikan peranan petugas dalam pengontrolan pengisian bak penampungan sehingga permasalahan air yang sering te

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7

Apriyanto, Heki. "Rancang Bangun Pintu Air Otomatis Menggunakan Water Level Float Switch Berbasis Mikrokontroler." Jurnal Sisfokom (Sistem Informasi dan Komputer) 4, no. 1 (2015): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32736/sisfokom.v4i1.132.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun sistem pintu air otomatis membuka ataupun menutup pintu berdasarkan ketinggian air pada bendungan yang sebelumnya masih bersifat konvensional atau masih menggunakan tenaga manusia. Pintu air yang bersifat konvensional dinilai kurang efektif, mengingat curah hujan yang cukup tinggi disertai sulitnya memperkirakan ketinggian air yang selalu berubah-ubah, selain faktor tersebut ketinggian air pada suatu bendungan dipengaruhi juga oleh banjir kiriman didaerah lain. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dengan menggunakan pengumpulan data dan pengembangan perangk

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Wan, Haszerila Wan Hassan, Zakwan Jidin Aiman, Asma Che Aziz Siti, and Rahim Norain. "Flood disaster indicator of water level monitoring system." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 9, no. 3 (2019): 1694–99. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v9i3.pp1694-1699.

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The early warning systems for flood management have been developed rapidly with the growth of technologies. These system help to alert people early with the used of short message service (SMS) via global system for mobile communications (GSM). This paper presents a simple, portable and low cost of early warning system using Arduino board, which is used to control the whole system and GSM shields to send the data. System has been designed and implemented based on two components which is hardware and software. The model determines the water level using float switch sensors, then it analyzes the

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Mahesh Dhumal, Shreya. "UNDERGROUND WATER LEVEL CONTROLLER." International Scientific Journal of Engineering and Management 04, no. 04 (2025): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.55041/isjem02924.

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Automatic water level controller for both overhead and underground tank is designed to monitor the level of water in a tank. It displays the level of water and when it is at the lowest level; a pump is activated automatically to refill the tank. When the tank is filled to its maximum capacity, the pump is automatically de-energized. Water Underground is a low-cost solution, based on a combination of Internet of Things (IoT) local sensing, Edge computing, Cloud storage, web services and predictive analytics, continuously monitoring the level of underground water and its quality. The Float switc

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Wan Hassan, Wan Haszerila, Aiman Zakwan Jidin, Siti Asma Che Aziz, and Norain Rahim. "Flood disaster indicator of water level monitoring system." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 9, no. 3 (2019): 1694. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v9i3.pp1694-1699.

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The early warning systems for flood management have been developed rapidly with the growth of technologies. These system help to alert people early with the used of Short Message Service (SMS) via Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). This paper presents a simple, portable and low cost of early warning system using Arduino board, which is used to control the whole system and GSM shields to send the data. System has been designed and implemented based on two components which is hardware and software. The model determines the water level using float switch sensors, then it analyzes the

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11

Sihombing, Jaya, Ariep Jaenul, Sinka Wilyanti, and Nadya Putri. "Prototype of Drainage Water Level Monitoring System Using Internet of Things (IoT) Based Web." SMARTICS Journal 8, no. 2 (2022): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21067/smartics.v8i2.7559.

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Information on water levels needs to be conveyed quickly. So, when the rainfall is high, the supervisory team that monitor the drainage water level needs to be alert move quickly to prevent losses. In addressing these problems, the author will provide a solution in Monitoring of the water level system in the drainage water reservoir so that the operator and maintenance team can find out if there is an over discharge in the drainage water reservoir when the rainfall is very high. By utilizing ultrasonic sensors to detect changes in drainage water level. The ultrasonic sensor used has better rel

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12

Akinwole, OO. "Design, simulation and implementation of an Arduino microcontroller based automatic water level controller with I2C LCD display." International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences (IJAAS) 9, no. 2 (2020): 77–84. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijaas.v9.i2.pp77-84.

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The paper explains utilization of Arduino Microcontroller to automatically control level of water in a tank. From a well spelt out algorithms, flowchart was drawn, from which Codes were written and compiled on Arduino IDE. IF statements were copiously used. Proteus was used to simulate the design while the project was implemented on breadboard. Liquid Crystal Display function displays the level of water on the 16 × 2 LCD thus: Very Low, Low, High and Very High. An option of I2C LCD codes was written thus providing advantage of using only two analog input A4 and A5 pins instead of 4 to 8

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Zamani Noor, Z., I. G. A. Anom Semara Putra, KO Saputra, and NMAE Dewi Wirastuti. "RANCANG BANGUN PROTOTIPE MONITORING PENGAIRAN SAWAH BERBASIS LORA RA-02 SX1278." Jurnal SPEKTRUM 9, no. 3 (2022): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/spektrum.2022.v09.i03.p9.

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Rice field irrigation is still done manually by farmers in opening and closing waterways, so it takes farmers time to manage waterways. In this study, a system was created with two types of devices, namely the sender and the receiver. The sending device consists of ArduinoUNO, Soil Moisture Sensor, Water Level Float Switch, and LoRa Ra-02 SX1278. Then, the receiver consists of NodeMCU ESP8266, LoRa Ra-02 SX1278, Relay, Water Pump. After testing, the system can send notifications to the user when the rice fields are dry or the rice fields are full, the pump can automatically turn on and turn of

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14

Siringoringo, Cindy Elisa Pitaloka, Kolombus Siringo-ringo, and Marvin F. S. Hutabarat. "PERANCANGAN SISTEM DETEKSI TINGGI PERMUKAAN AIR DITANGKI DITAMPILKAN PADA LCD DAN LAMPU INDIKATOR BERBASIS NODEMCU ESP8266." Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi ISTP 20, no. 02 (2024): 184–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.59637/jsti.v20i02.371.

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A tool has been designed that can detect low, medium and full water levels. The series of tools designed is based on the NodeMCU ESP8266 microcontroller as the CPU. Because the water level detection tool still uses the Atmel, Atmega, Arduino Uno family microcontrollers as the CPU. The tool is designed to use a magnetic switch water sensor module as a water level detector, a NodeMCU ESP8226 microcontroller as a CPU, an LCD as a low, medium and full information display, a buzzer as an alarm sound signal generator indicating that the water is full, an LED indicator as an indication of the water l

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15

Pratama, I. Putu Eka Widya, Putri Yeni Aisyah, Moch Fajar Taufikkhurrahman, and Nabiilah Aziizah Tjandra. "Design of Monitoring and Control System of Water Turbidity as NOx Gas Binder at Spun Pile Manufacture Company." Res Militaris 13, no. 2023 (2023): 5305–15. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7796679.

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The continuous use of boilers in the manufacture spun pile concretes company causes increased exhaust gas emissions such as NOX gas from boiler combustion. In order to reduce NOX gas emission, clean water is used in the absorption process to tie the gases. The water resulting from the NOX gas binder will change color to become more concentrated which makes the water saturated in binding NOX gas. It is necessary to change the water in the tub shelter. Meanwhile the process of replacing cloudy water from tub shelter is still done manually. Therefore, in this research, a monitoring and control sy

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16

Bindschadler, Robert. "The environment and evolution of the West Antarctic ice sheet: setting the stage." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 364, no. 1844 (2006): 1583–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2006.1790.

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The West Antarctic ice sheet is the last ice sheet of the type cradled in a warm, marine geologic basin. Its perimeter stretches into the surrounding seas allowing warmer ocean waters to reach the undersides of its floating ice shelves and its relatively low surface elevation permits snow-carrying storms to extend well into its interior. This special environment has given rise to theories of impending collapse and for the past quarter-century has challenged researchers who seek a quantitative prediction of its future behaviour and the corresponding effect on sea level. Observations confirm cha

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17

Aditya Aprilianto, Weny Indah Kusumawati, Harianto, and Heri Pratikno. "System design for turbidity control in aquaponic ponds." TEKNOSAINS : Jurnal Sains, Teknologi dan Informatika 12, no. 2 (2025): 246–55. https://doi.org/10.37373/tekno.v12i2.1547.

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Aquaculture is fish farming, and hydroponics is the cultivation of plants/vegetables without soil, which means utilizing water and growing media. Aquaponic systems are a combination of fish farming (aquaculture) and soil-less plant/vegetable farming (hydroponics), creating a mutually beneficial relationship. This research aims to design and implement an automated system capable of monitoring and controlling the water turbidity level in aquaponic ponds using the SEN0189 sensor integrated with the Internet of Things (IoT) platform. The developed system utilizes a turbidity sensor, float switch,

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18

Shaik, Karimunnisa* D.K .Kavitha. "DISASTER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM USING WSN." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 6, no. 5 (2017): 629–34. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.800638.

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The mankind at present is facing a biggest challenge from natural calamities like floods, Tsunami, hurricanes etc due to several reasons like deforestation, land sliding and global warming. This is a major problem facing by many countries across the globe. We need to introduce an advanced mechanism to face the natural disasters and to reduce the damage caused over it. Using advanced technology helps us to alert the people in coastal areas before the natural calamities so we can protect the mankind and cattle over there. The wireless sensor networks play a crucial role in wireless data transmis

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19

Assendelft, Rick, and H. J. van Meerveld. "A Low-Cost, Multi-Sensor System to Monitor Temporary Stream Dynamics in Mountainous Headwater Catchments." Sensors 19, no. 21 (2019): 4645. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19214645.

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While temporary streams account for more than half of the global discharge, high spatiotemporal resolution data on the three main hydrological states (dry streambed, standing water, and flowing water) of temporary stream remains sparse. This study presents a low-cost, multi-sensor system to monitor the hydrological state of temporary streams in mountainous headwaters. The monitoring system consists of an Arduino microcontroller board combined with an SD-card data logger shield, and four sensors: an electrical resistance (ER) sensor, temperature sensor, float switch sensor, and flow sensor. The

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20

Rosyady, Phisca Aditya, and Barru Indriyanto. "Perancangan Sistem Pengisian pada Alat Pembuat Kopi Otomatis Menggunakan PLC OMRON CP1E." Jurnal Teknologi Elektro 13, no. 1 (2022): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/jte.2022.v13i1.008.

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Perkembangan teknologi semakin hari semakin meningkat kemajuannya, dengan kemajuan teknologi membuat banyak orang berfikir untuk membuat suatu hal yang baru yang dapat dikendalikan secara otomatis. Maka dari itu di buat nya system pengisian pada alat pembuat kopi otomatis yang menggunakan PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). PLC yang akan digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu PLC Omron CP1E NA20DR-A yang diprogram menggunakan Cx-Programmer yang berbentuk leader diagram programnya. sistem pengisian gelas pada alat pembuat kopi otomatis ini terdapat beberapa proses yang nantinya saling berhubungan

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21

Pane, Rahmadani, Iwan Purnama, Halmi Dar Hasibuan, and Ibnu Rasyid Munthe. "Automatic Monitoring System Iot (Internet Of Things) Based Water Tanks." International Journal of Science, Technology & Management 5, no. 4 (2024): 1008–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.46729/ijstm.v5i4.1151.

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Water tanks are widely used to store water in the community. However, the filling process still uses a manual method so it cannot monitor/monitor the water level in the tank, so when the water is full in the tank until it overflows it is then turned off. Water tanks are often placed at a height to take advantage of gravity so that water can flow optimally. The high position of the water tank is difficult for users to reach to determine the quality and volume of water. The performance of this tool has 2 conditions. The first condition will discuss the water level monitoring tool in the tank. Us

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22

Максимова, Светлана Николаевна, Денис Владимирович Полещук, Лев Юрьевич Подленный, Светлана Юрьевна Пономаренко, and Елена Давидовна Горячева. "Technological prospects and technical solutions for the collection and use of waste in the production of salmon caviar." Food processing industry, no. 2 (January 23, 2022): 45–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.52653/ppi.2022.2.2.010.

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Отмечено значение рыбной отрасли как одной из системообразующих отраслей в экономической деятельности Дальневосточного региона. Показана ориентация рыбоперерабатывающих предприятий региона на переработку лососевых рыб. Представлен средний вылов лососевых рыб на Дальнем Востоке, показана доля икорной продукции из этого ценного водного объекта от объема его вылова. Обоснована целесообразность модернизации технологического процесса при переработке лососевых рыб с целью повышения выхода пищевых продуктов и их биологической ценности. Дана оценка химического состава отходов, образующихся при произво

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23

Moore, M. R., M. S. Mughal, and D. T. Papageorgiou. "Ice formation within a thin film flowing over a flat plate." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 817 (March 22, 2017): 455–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.100.

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We present a model for ice formation in a thin, viscous liquid film driven by a Blasius boundary layer after heating is switched off along part of the flat plate. The flow is assumed to initially be in the Nelson et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 284, 1995, pp. 159–169) steady-state configuration with a constant flux of liquid supplied at the tip of the plate, so that the film thickness grows like $x^{1/4}$ in distance along the plate. Plate cooling is applied downstream of a point, $Lx_{0}$, an $O(L)$-distance from the tip of the plate, where $L$ is much larger than the film thickness. The cooling

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24

Wang, Hai Ying, Song Tao Hu, and Jia Ping Liu. "Joint Application of Solar Water Heating System and Air-Conditioning System in a Dormitory Building." Advanced Materials Research 171-172 (December 2010): 215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.171-172.215.

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Solar water heating system is used to supply hot water all-year-round for a new dormitory building. Flat solar energy collectors are mounted on the roof. The hot water tank and pumps are installed together with the air conditioning equipments in the plant room. Air cooled heat pump is used to provide cooling in summer, and high temperature water from boiler room (in old building) is used as heat source in winter. Usually auxiliary heating is necessary to improve the stability and reliability of solar water heating system. In this case, we take full use of the equipment of air conditioning syst

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25

Birundha R and Dr Maruthapandi P. "Design and Performnce Study of Domestic Hydro Power Plant." International Journal for Modern Trends in Science and Technology 7, no. 6 (2021): 266–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.46501/ijmtst0706045.

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Hydropower generated systems are one of the common source to generate energy. The renewable energy generation system is designed to use the water flow from an overhead tank during normal consumption of water for domestic use. The system produces electricity from the potential energy of water flow through water pipelines by changing the kinetic energy of water into electricity. The electrical energy is stored in batteries for domestic purposes like lighting and other electrical applications. The system has two turbines coupled with generator, placed at the inlet and outlet pipe of the water tan

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R., Birundha, and Maruthapandi P. "Design and Performance Study of Domestic Hydro Power Plant." Journal of Recent Trends in Electrical Power System 4, no. 2 (2021): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5034188.

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<em>Hydropower generated systems are one of the common sources to generate energy. The renewable energy generation system is designed to use the water flow from an overhead tank during normal consumption of water for domestic use. The system produces electricity from the potential energy of water flow through water pipelines by changing the kinetic energy of water into electricity. The electrical energy is stored in batteries for domestic purposes like lighting and other electrical applications. The system has two turbines coupled with generator, placed at the inlet and outlet pipe of the wate

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27

Ramadhani, Tarisa Auliya, Putri Miya Gunawan, Lely Mustikasari Mahardhika Fitriani, and Arief Rahman Yusuf. "PROTOTIPE MONITORING KETINGGIAN AIR DAN KONTROL JARAK JAUH PINTU AIR PADA BENDUNGAN." Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi dan Rekayasa 29, no. 3 (2024): 201–13. https://doi.org/10.35760/tr.2024.v29i3.11849.

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In an effort to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of dam monitoring, there is a need for more advanced systems compared to the manual methods still widely used. This study aims to design and develop a prototype system for monitoring water levels and controlling dam gates that can be operated automatically and in real-time. The methods used include ultrasonic sensors and water level float switches connected to an ESP-8266 microcontroller, as well as DC motors and relays to operate the dam gates. The data collected by the sensors is transmitted via the internet for remote monitoring. The resul

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Petko, Viktor Gavrilovich, Ilmira Agzamovna Rakhimzhanova, Vladimir Aleksandrovich Shakhov, Maksim Borisovich Fomin, Vladislav Anatolievich Pushko, and Vladimir Valerievich Pugachev. "Two-position water level control for water tower." Agrarian Scientific Journal, no. 1 (February 6, 2024): 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2024i1pp125-132.

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The article is devoted to the description of the electrical circuit and the principle of operation of the water level regulator in the water tower tank. The executive body of the regulator, which directly turns on and off the electric pump unit of the water lifting system, is a magnetic starter, the coil of which is controlled in turn by an electronic key, the transfer of which to the closed state is carried out by applying a current signal to its low-resistance input from the control signal shaper, which has a hysteresis characteristic "input -exit". The shaper is made on discrete electronic

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Chen, Ross C. C., Y. T. Yu, K. W. Su, J. F. Chen, and Y. F. Chen. "Exploration of water jet generated by Q-switched laser induced water breakdown with different depths beneath a flat free surface." Optics Express 21, no. 1 (2013): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.21.000445.

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Mrs, Yin Yin Mon, Win Moet Moet Htwe Mrs, and Khin Ei Ei Khine Mrs. "Simulation of Automatic Water Level Control System by using Programmable Logic Controller." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 3, no. 4 (2019): 1621–28. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3591430.

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This research focuses on the design and implementation of a PLC based water level control system. In this research, there are three primary objectives the water level indicator circuit design, manual control system of water level control and the PLC based automatic water level control. Float switches cannot be able to use to indicate the multi water level in the desired control system. Therefore, AND gate based digital electronic water sensor is invented and used in this proposed not only manual water level control but also PLC based automatic water level control by dividing in eight steps. In

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Steiner, Johannes, Binh Duong Nguyen, Melissa Roder, Andreas N. Danilewsky, Stefan Sandfeld, and Peter J. Wellmann. "Applicability of a Flat-Bed Birefringence Setup for the Determination of Threading Dislocations of Silicon Carbide Wafers." Materials Science Forum 1062 (May 31, 2022): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-y8n42h.

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Screw-type dislocations like micropipes (MP) and threading screw dislocations (TSD) are prohibiting the function or at least diminishing the efficiency of electronic devices based on silicon carbide (SiC). Therefore, it is essential to characterize wafers in an efficient and fast manner. Molten potassium hydroxide (KOH) etching or white-beam X-ray topography (SWXRT) are either destructive or not economically viable for an in-depth characterization of every wafer of one SiC crystal. Birefringence microscopy is being utilized as a fast and non-destructive characterization method. Instead of micr

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Agustiarmi, Winda, and Resmi Darni. "Sistem Otomatisasi Pengangkat Sampah pada Daerah Aliran Sungai Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT)." Jurnal Sains dan Informatika 7, no. 2 (2021): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22216/jsi.v7i2.729.

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Garbage in the watershed of the city of Padang is the cause of flooding every year. The use of the garbage net method that is stretched horizontally in watersheds has so far been considered ineffective, because waste still accumulates and floats in the watershed so that it still causes flooding, so an automatic garbage lifter is needed from the watershed which is directly connected to the watershed. garbage dump. The method used in this automatic garbage lift system is to use a conveyor, as a tool to raise waste from the watershed to the landfill. While the AT Mega328p Microcontroller is used

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Hu, Leo, and Sze Pei Lim. "Ultra-low Residue Flux Applications in RF Front-End Packages." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2020, no. 1 (2020): 000125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2380-4505-2020.1.000125.

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Abstract With the leap into the 5G era, the demand for improvements in the performance of mobile phones is on the rise. This is also true for the quantity of radio frequency (RF) front-end integrated circuits (ICs), especially for RF switches and low noise amplifiers (LNA). It is well-known that improvements in performance depend on the combination of new design, package technology, and choice of materials. Ultra-low residue (ULR) flux is an innovative, truly no-clean, flip-chip bonding material. By using ULR flux, the typical water-wash cleaning process can be removed and, in some instances,

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Kourkafas, G., J. Bundesmann, A. Denker, et al. "Proton FLASH irradiation setup for preclinical studies at HZB." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2687, no. 9 (2024): 092002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2687/9/092002.

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Abstract The HZB cyclotron continues to provide protons for eye-tumor treatment in collaboration with the Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin after 24 years and more than 4400 patients so far. With the perspective of broadening its research capabilities in the field of radiation therapy, intensive effort has been dedicated towards proton FLASH irradiation, which requires ultra-high dose rates or beam intensities. By combining a fast and reliable switch-off mechanism, accurate dosimetry, and a double-scattering beam nozzle with a static 3D-printed range modulator, HZB is now able to deliver a

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Gačić, Miroslav, Laura Ursella, Vedrana Kovačević, et al. "Impact of dense-water flow over a sloping bottom on open-sea circulation: laboratory experiments and an Ionian Sea (Mediterranean) example." Ocean Science 17, no. 4 (2021): 975–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-17-975-2021.

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Abstract. The North Ionian Gyre (NIG) displays prominent inversions on decadal scales. We investigate the role of internal forcing induced by changes in the horizontal pressure gradient due to the varying density of Adriatic Deep Water (AdDW), which spreads into the deep layers of the northern Ionian Sea. In turn, the AdDW density fluctuates according to the circulation of the NIG through a feedback mechanism known as the bimodal oscillating system. We set up laboratory experiments with a two-layer ambient fluid in a circular rotating tank, where densities of 1000 and 1015 kg m−3 characterize

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Anutaliya, Arachaporn, Uwe Send, Julie L. McClean, et al. "An undercurrent off the east coast of Sri Lanka." Ocean Science 13, no. 6 (2017): 1035–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-13-1035-2017.

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Abstract. The existence of a seasonally varying undercurrent along 8° N off the east coast of Sri Lanka is inferred from shipboard hydrography, Argo floats, glider measurements, and two ocean general circulation model simulations. Together, they reveal an undercurrent below 100–200 m flowing in the opposite direction to the surface current, which is most pronounced during boreal spring and summer and switches direction between these two seasons. The volume transport of the undercurrent (200–1000 m layer) can be more than 10 Sv in either direction, exceeding the transport of 1–6 Sv carried by t

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Kraft, Vanessa, Katja Schmitz, Annett Wilken-Schmitz, Gerd Geisslinger, Marco Sisignano, and Irmgard Tegeder. "Trehalose Reduces Nerve Injury Induced Nociception in Mice but Negatively Affects Alertness." Nutrients 13, no. 9 (2021): 2953. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13092953.

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Trehalose, a sugar from fungi, mimics starvation due to a block of glucose transport and induces Transcription Factor EB- mediated autophagy, likely supported by the upregulation of progranulin. The pro-autophagy effects help to remove pathological proteins and thereby prevent neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. Enhancing autophagy also contributes to the resolution of neuropathic pain in mice. Therefore, we here assessed the effects of continuous trehalose administration via drinking water using the mouse Spared Nerve Injury model of neuropathic pain. Trehalose had no effe

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Kumar, Santosh, Amandine Pizzagalli, Dave Towne, Thibault Buisson, Andrej Ivankovic, and Rozalia Beica. "Current status and future prospects of panel level packaging." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2016, DPC (2016): 000707–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2016dpc-tp21.

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Demand of lower cost with higher performances has driven the semiconductor industry to develop innovative solutions. One of the new approaches to reduce the overall cost is to switch from wafer to larger size panel format. The panel infrastructure has gained considerable interest from the semiconductor industry and is certainly a promising market due to its cost advantages and economy of scale benefits. Panel level manufacturing has the potential to leverage the knowledge and infrastructure of wafer level packaging as well as PCB / flat panel display / photovoltaic industries. We have identifi

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Dijksman, J. F., and U. Stachewicz. "On-demand Electrohydrodynamic Jetting of an Ethylene Glycol and Water Mixture—System of Controlled Picoliter Fluid Deposition." Journal of Imaging Science and Technology 65, no. 4 (2021): 40405–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/j.imagingsci.technol.2021.65.4.040405.

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Abstract On-demand electrohydrodynamic jetting also called electrohydrodynamic atomization (EHDA) is a method to jet small amounts of fluid out of a nozzle with a relatively large diameter by switching on and off an electrical field between the nozzle and the substrate. The total amount of volume deposited is up to 5 pL. The set-up consists of a vertically placed glass pipette with a small nozzle directed downward and a flat substrate placed close to the end of the nozzle. Inside the pipette, an electrode is mounted close to the entrance of the nozzle. The electrode is connected to a high volt

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Schneider-Zapp, K., O. Ippisch, and K. Roth. "Numerical study of the evaporation process and parameter estimation analysis of an evaporation experiment." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 6, no. 6 (2009): 7385–427. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-6-7385-2009.

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Abstract. Evaporation is an important process in soil-atmosphere interaction. The determination of hydraulic properties is one of the crucial parts in the simulation of water transport in porous media. Schneider et al. (2006) developed a new evaporation method to improve the estimation of hydraulic properties in the dry range. In this study we used numerical simulations of the experiment to study the physical dynamics in more detail, to optimise the boundary conditions and to choose the optimal combination of measurements. The physical analysis exposed, in accordance to experimental findings i

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Louizi, Halima, Kristina M. Hill-Spanik, Abdeljebbar Qninba, et al. "Parasites of Moroccan desert Coptodon guineensis (Pisces, Cichlidae): transition and resilience in a simplified hypersaline ecosystem." Parasite 29 (2022): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2022064.

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Sebkha Imlili (Atlantic Sahara) is a salt flat with over 160 permanent holes of hypersaline water generated in the Holocene and inhabited by euryhaline organisms that are considered to be relics of the past, including the cichlid fish Coptodon guineensis. We surveyed the fish parasites four times over one year, to i) identify the parasites, and ii) determine possible seasonality in infection patterns. Over 60% of the fish were infected by one to three helminths: an acanthocephalan in the intestine and two digenean metacercariae in the kidney, spleen, liver, muscle, and mesenteries. The acantho

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Schneider-Zapp, K., O. Ippisch, and K. Roth. "Numerical study of the evaporation process and parameter estimation analysis of an evaporation experiment." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 14, no. 5 (2010): 765–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-765-2010.

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Abstract. Evaporation is an important process in soil-atmosphere interaction. The determination of hydraulic properties is one of the crucial parts in the simulation of water transport in porous media. Schneider et al. (2006) developed a new evaporation method to improve the estimation of hydraulic properties in the dry range. In this study we used numerical simulations of the experiment to study the physical dynamics in more detail, to optimise the boundary conditions and to choose the optimal combination of measurements. The physical analysis exposed, in accordance to experimental findings i

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Zykov, Mikhail M., and S. Bruce Martin. "Range versus frequency averaging of underwater propagation loss for soundscape modeling." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 156, no. 5 (2024): 3439–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0030475.

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Guidance on efficient methods is needed for the practical application of modeling the sound field from broadband sources such as vessels, seismic surveys, and construction activities. These sound field models are employed for estimating how changes in the soundscape will affect marine life. For efficiency, acoustic propagation modeling is often performed in bands (decidecade or 13-octave), where propagation loss modeled for central frequency is assumed to represent an average propagation loss in the band. This shortcut comes at the expense of accuracy, which can be rectified by averaging the p

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Ma, Feng Shan, Ai Hua Wei, De Min Ding, and Jie Guo. "The Land Subsidence Characteristic Following the Termination of Groundwater Pumping to Different Aquifers." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 164–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.164.

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Land subsidence is particularly critical in Tanggu, due to its flat-lying topography and large thickness of the soft clay. The subsidence up to 140mm/year reached its most critical state in the mid-1970s. To mitigate this hazard, some strict measures resulted in a drop in groundwater use, especially banning the exploitation of groundwater, were exerted. Accordingly, the subsidence indeed had a decreased trendy in this time interval. Meanwhile, a GPS-based monitor data also revealed that light uplift phenomena emerged in some individual monitor series. For discussing the relationship between th

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Crook, Sarah D., Timothy C. W. Lau, and Richard M. Kelso. "Three-dimensional flow within shallow, narrow cavities." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 735 (October 28, 2013): 587–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2013.519.

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AbstractThe three-dimensional structure of incompressible flow in a narrow, open rectangular cavity in a flat plate was investigated with a focus on the flow topology of the time-averaged flow. The ratio of cavity length (in the direction of the flow) to width to depth was $l{: }w{: }d= 6{: }2{: }1$. Experimental surface pressure data (in air) and particle image velocimetry data (in water) were obtained at low speed with free-stream Reynolds numbers of ${\mathit{Re}}_{l} = 3. 4\times 1{0}^{5} $ in air and ${\mathit{Re}}_{l} = 4. 3\times 1{0}^{4} $ in water. The experimental results show that t

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Minne, Emma, Achim Füngerlings, Marcus Wohlgemuth, et al. "Spin States and Spin Order in Perovskite Oxide Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 47 (2023): 2304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02472304mtgabs.

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The ‘power-to-hydrogen’ strategy aims at splitting water into O2 and H2 via the oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions. The complex four-step oxygen evolution reaction (OER) limits the overall efficiency of hydrogen production. An important reason of the low efficiency is that the production of ground-state (triplet) O2 is a spin-forbidden reaction: in fact, the reactants, OH- or H2O, are diamagnetic, but the final product, O2, is a paramagnetic molecule. Recently, this was well-recognized theoretically1 and the use of spin selective catalysts was described as a possible way to promote the OE

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"Automatic Drip Irrigation using Solar Energy." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 9, no. 2S2 (2019): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.b1041.1292s219.

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The proper usage of water is essential in irrigation because of the shortage of water. The shortage of water is due to lack of rain and continuous supply of water for irrigation as a result lot of water got wasted. It is very much essential to manage the use of water efficiently. The main objective in this project is to watering crops automatically by monitoring soil moisture for supply water based on the requirement and to maintain the water level in the overhead tank. This system suits for all climatic conditions. This project proposed on the usage of automatic irrigation system based on Ard

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Miranty, Miranty, F. S. Syam, and A. S. Opu. "PENERAPAN SENSOR FLOAT MAGNETIC LEVEL GAUGE PADA SISTEM MONITORING LEVEL CAIRAN LIMBAH." Foristek 14, no. 1 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.54757/fs.v14i1.376.

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In the industrial world, especially in the metal processing sector, in this case in the steel roll production process, the problem faced is that controlling the pump motor in the hydraulic room is still done manually so that the waste water reservoir in the hydraulic room overflows which causes the floor to be slippery and dangerous. . By using the float magnetic level gauge method which consists of a reed switch as the main component to take height level readings. The neodymium magnet used in the buoy functions as a trigger to activate the reed switch when the buoy height reaches a certain le

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Afif, Ramadhan Nur, Chaerur Rozikin, and Betha Nurina Sari. "Perancangan Dan Pembangunan Sistem Otomasi Berbasi Iot Pada Pertanian Hidroponik." May 12, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11181075.

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<em>Hydroponics is a growing method that replaces soil with water. It means you can grow anywhere without worrying about soil quality. And that makes water important for hydroponics. The amount of nutrients and the pH of the water affect the plants. The ideal pH for hydroponic plants is around 5.5 - 6.5 on average. The amount of nutrients in the water varies depending on the type of plant. This research uses TDS, pH and float switch sensors connected to the ESP32, which then communicates with the Blynk application. This application can be monitored and managed via the internet. This applicatio

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Cui, Lei, Paul Cheong, Ridge Adams, and Thomas Johnson. "AmBot: A Bio-Inspired Amphibious Robot for Monitoring the Swan-Canning Estuary System." Journal of Mechanical Design 136, no. 11 (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4028094.

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This paper describes the AmBot, a centipede-inspired amphibious robot for monitoring the Swan-Canning River, the most important estuary system in Western Australia. The major challenge in developing such a robot lies in that the limited physical size of the robot allows only one type of propulsion system to be used both on land and on water. This is in contrast to large amphibious robots that use wheels or track systems when on land and switch to propellers when on water. The focus of this paper is on the design of a single propulsion method suited to a small-sized amphibious robot. To achieve

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