Academic literature on the topic 'Water pH'

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Journal articles on the topic "Water pH"

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Hikmat, B. "Acidic pH of water." British Dental Journal 194, no. 11 (June 2003): 585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.4810238.

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Nguyen, Bach T., Wenkai Wang, Brian R. Saunders, Lazhar Benyahia, and Taco Nicolai. "pH-Responsive Water-in-Water Pickering Emulsions." Langmuir 31, no. 12 (March 17, 2015): 3605–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la5049024.

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Altland, J. "Irrigation water alkalinity, not pH, affects substrate pH©." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1212 (September 2018): 189–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2018.1212.38.

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Wett, B., R. Rostek, W. Rauch, and K. Ingerle. "pH-controlled reject-water-treatment." Water Science and Technology 37, no. 12 (June 1, 1998): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0532.

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Dewatering of digested sludge causes significant internal nitrogen loading to a wastewater treatment plant. Due to the high concentration of nitrogen it is more effective to treat the reject-water not directly in the main purification process but to apply a separate biological treatment procedure. The intermittent operation of sludge-press facilities, the high initial pH-value of reject-water and the quick loss of alkalinity during nitrification makes a reliable control of the process necessary. A sequencing batch reactor (SBR) with an operational control based on on-line measurement of the pH-value is well suited to meet this requirement. Such a control system for discontinuous treatment of reject-water has been extensively tested and optimised in full-scale experiments since 1995. The closed loop control of the pH-value was developed to keep the bicarbonate concentration within an optimum range. At the WWTP Strass in western Austria stable nitrification rates of 50 to 60 mg NH4-N/l/h have been achieved (elimination of 200 kg nitrogen per day).
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Emond, Matthieu, Jing Sun, Jean Grégoire, Sylvie Maurin, Christophe Tribet, and Ludovic Jullien. "Photoinduced pH drops in water." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 13, no. 14 (2011): 6493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c0cp02464c.

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Crans, Debbie C., and Nancy E. Levinger. "The Conundrum of pH in Water Nanodroplets: Sensing pH in Reverse Micelle Water Pools." Accounts of Chemical Research 45, no. 10 (July 19, 2012): 1637–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ar200269g.

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Vilagines, Ph, B. Sarrette, G. Husson, and R. Vilagines. "Concentration à Ph neutre des virus hydriques dans des eaux de surface : étude quantitative et qualitative." Journal français d’hydrologie 20, no. 2 (1989): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/water/19892002193.

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Vikulin, Pavel Dmitrievich, and Vera Borisovna Vikulina. "EFFECT OF ULTRASOUND ON PH CHANGE IN WATER." Water and Ecology 24, no. 4 (2019): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.23968/2305-3488.2019.24.4.3-8.

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Amor, Hamza, Anis Elaoud, and Mahmoud Hozayn. "Does Magnetic Field Change Water pH?" Asian Research Journal of Agriculture 8, no. 1 (February 6, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/arja/2018/39196.

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Cheng, Li-Jing, and Hsueh-Chia Chang. "Microscale pH regulation by splitting water." Biomicrofluidics 5, no. 4 (December 2011): 046502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3657928.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Water pH"

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Botfield, Andrew Civil &amp Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Kinetic modelling studies of As(III) oxidation in dark pH 3 and 8 Fenton - mediated and pH 8 Cu(II) - H2O2 systems." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/31969.

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In this thesis, a combination of laboratory experimentation under well defined conditions coupled with a kinetic modelling approach is used to verify the existence and respective kinetic rates of previously unconfirmed or postulated mechanisms that drive and limit dark Fenton (Fe(II)/H2O2) - mediated As(III) oxidation at pH 3 and 8 and dark Cu(II) - H2O2 - mediated As(III) oxidation at pH 8. Dark Fenton - mediated oxidation of As(III) at pH 3 is first examined and the effects of the variation in the concentration of reactants (As(III), Fe(II) and H2O2), oxygen, phosphate and organics (2 - propanol, formate, and citrate) are reported and analysed. The kinetic models developed for these systems show high applicability to full scale water treatment application and key mechanistic findings include the significance of the cycling of Fe(II) / Fe(III) via HO2 ???/O2 ??????, the effects of As(IV) termination reactions in the absence of oxygen and the retarding effects of phosphate due to the postulated formation of a Fe(III) - phosphate complex (at a derived rate constant of 2.2 x 106 M-1s-1, that also appears to have negligible kinetic activity in terms of reduction to Fe(II) by HO2 ???/O2 ??????). The work also demonstrates the significance of the free radical by products of formate and citrate oxidation by ???OH (HCOO???/CO2 ?????? and 3HGA???2???). The examination of the dark Cu(II) - H2O2 - mediated oxidation of As(III) at pH 8 with variation in the concentration of reactants (As(III), Fe(II) and H2O2), carbonate and organics (2 - propanol, formate and citrate) demonstrated for the first time the high applicability of this system to the pre - oxidation of As(III) in water treatment and mechanistically that ???OH and CO3 ?????? are the dominant As(III) oxidants in this system. The As(III) oxidant CO3 ??????, is suggested to be generated by the interaction of ???OH and O2 ?????? with the carbonate matrix, at the respective rate constants of 4.9 x 107 M-1s-1 and 5.5 x 106 M-1s-1. Examination of the dark Fenton - mediated oxidation of As(III) at pH 8 and the effects of variation in the concentration of reactants (As(III), Fe(II) and H2O2), carbonate, organics (2 - propanol, formate and citrate) and Cu(II) demonstrates the varied potential mechanistic pathways in relation to the generation of As(III) oxidants from the Fenton reaction, Fe(II) + H2O2 such as Fe(IV) and CO3 ?????? and the previously dismissed ???OH, due to the presence of Fe(II) - citrate complexes. This work also demonstrates and models the enhancement of As(III) oxidation in the presence of an additional transitional metal ion, Cu(II).
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Bohn, Hinrich L., Henry Schreiber, and Loel R. Cooper. "Rainfall pH in Tombstone, Arizona, 1968-81." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296369.

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From the Proceedings of the 1986 Meetings of the Arizona Section - American Water Resources Association, Hydrology Section - Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science and the Arizona Hydrological Society - April 19, 1986, Glendale Community College, Glendale, Arizona
Rainfall pH was measured at the Tombstone, Arizona, USDA-ARS station from 1968 to 1981. The summer rains were more acidic than the winter rains. The pH of the summer rains was about pH 5, the winter rains about pH 6, with considerable variation. The summer rain pH increased gradually over this period, coinciding with a general decrease of sulfur emissions from the nearest copper smelter at Douglas, Arizona, and from' all smelters in Arizona. The ionic composition of the rainwater was quantitively uncertain due to numerous changes in analytical procedures. The acidity was very roughly related to sulfur content. The inverse relation between acidity and Ca and Na content was somewhat clearer.
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Baker, Paul B. "Influence of pH 11 Water on Termiticide Degradation in Arizona." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/216349.

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Termites continue to be Arizona’s number one urban pest. Factors that influence the persistence of termiticides are constantly under investigation. High pH has been identified as a potential concern for persistence in termiticides. I studied the influence of pH 11 water on five termiticides applied to commercial ABC fill 10 months post-treatment. In general, the addition of pH 11 water had little influence on termiticide persistence under Arizona conditions. Initially plots treated with Ph 11 water had higher residues than those that did not receive the treated water; over time these differences diminished.
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de, la Haye Kate. "The behavioural consequences of reduced sea water pH in decapod crustaceans." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1028.

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The studies presented in this thesis were designed to investigate the effects of reduced sea water pH on the behaviour of intertidal decapod crustaceans, both within the context of the variations occurring naturally in the pH of rock pool habitats, and in relation to predicted changes to ocean pH resulting from ocean acidification and potential carbon dioxide (CO2) leaks from carbon capture storage (CCS) sites. Recent studies on marine fish have shown behavioural disruptions as a result of increased CO2 concentrations in sea water and reduced pH, but the effects on crustaceans are as yet unknown. The first two studies investigated the effects of reduced pH upon the olfactory behaviour of the prawn Palaemon elegans and the hermit crab Pagurus bernhardus, focussing on their responses to food odours. Short-term (five day) exposures to highly reduced pH (pHNBS = 6.60, 6.80) revealed disruptions to the chemo-sensory behaviour of both species with a reduction in their ‘sniffing’ response, and the inability of P. bernhardus to locate the chemical cue. This was also accompanied by elevated haemolymph chloride ions. in In a further study P. bernhardus was subjected to a longer exposure (60 days) and to a range of pH levels (pHNBS = 8.00, 7.90, 7.70, 7.35 and 6.80) in order to detect a threshold for the behavioural disruptions observed, and to determine if there would be any sign of acclimation over a longer period. A clear gradient in the disruptions to the chemo-sensory responses and survival rates of the hermit crabs, and disruption to a physiological marker (elevated haemolymph calcium ions), was found. Possible thresholds for disruption were also identified at levels that match predictions for ocean acidification and leaks from proposed CO2 CCS sites. Some of the crabs in the lower pH treatments exhibited a recovery in their responses by day 60, possibly indicating an acclimation effect. The presence of disruption to haemolymph ion concentrations in both the short and longer term hermit crab studies suggest a mechanism for behavioural disruption. In a final study the effects of reduced sea water pH on a more complex behaviour, involving decision making, was investigated. Reduced sea water pH was shown to disrupt the shell assessment and selection behaviour of P. bernhardus affecting its decision making processes, although not all crabs were affected in the same way. The work presented here therefore demonstrates that reduced sea water pH could have disruptive effects upon both information gathering, via chemo-sensory processes, and decision making in intertidal crustaceans. The mechanism responsible is unlikely to be due to changes in the odour molecule, or physical damage to receptor organs. Rather the observed disruptions could be due (a) to ionic changes, causing metabolic depression or interference with neurotransmitter function, or (b) to disruption to chemoreception per se. Such disturbances to key behavioural processes have implications for inter and intraspecific species interactions and population dynamics in the marine environment. Changes in pH are already experienced by intertidal animals for short periods when rock pools are emersed, but future anthropogencially-induced reductions in sea water pH are likely to cause more sustained and widespread disruptions with, as yet, unpredictable consequences. The differential responses observed between individuals in these studies may warrant further investigation as such differences may provide the basis for selection and adaptation to projected changes in ocean pH.
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Watker, A. F. "A study into the alteration of pH through water distribution systems." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381109.

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Williams, N. L., L. W. Juranek, K. S. Johnson, R. A. Feely, S. C. Riser, L. D. Talley, J. L. Russell, J. L. Sarmiento, and R. Wanninkhof. "Empirical algorithms to estimate water column pH in the Southern Ocean." AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/614732.

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Empirical algorithms are developed using high-quality GO-SHIP hydrographic measurements of commonly measured parameters (temperature, salinity, pressure, nitrate, and oxygen) that estimate pH in the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean. The coefficients of determination, R-2, are 0.98 for pH from nitrate (pH(N)) and 0.97 for pH from oxygen (pH(Ox)) with RMS errors of 0.010 and 0.008, respectively. These algorithms are applied to Southern Ocean Carbon and Climate Observations and Modeling (SOCCOM) biogeochemical profiling floats, which include novel sensors (pH, nitrate, oxygen, fluorescence, and backscatter). These algorithms are used to estimate pH on floats with no pH sensors and to validate and adjust pH sensor data from floats with pH sensors. The adjusted float data provide, for the first time, seasonal cycles in surface pH on weekly resolution that range from 0.05 to 0.08 on weekly resolution for the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean.
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Fürtjes, Theresa [Verfasser], and Stephan [Akademischer Betreuer] Schreml. "Impact of a pH 5 Oil-in-Water (O/W) Emulsion on Skin Surface pH / Theresa Fürtjes ; Betreuer: Stephan Schreml." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1152437542/34.

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Fürtjes, Theresa Verfasser], and Stephan [Akademischer Betreuer] [Schreml. "Impact of a pH 5 Oil-in-Water (O/W) Emulsion on Skin Surface pH / Theresa Fürtjes ; Betreuer: Stephan Schreml." Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:355-epub-367214.

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Grant, Annie, and Ingrid Luffman. "IS WATER QUALITY IN BOONE LAKE A DAM PROBLEM? AN ASSESSMENT OF WATER QUALITY PRE- AND POST- DRAWDOWN." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2018/schedule/115.

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Boone Lake was formed in 1952 by the impoundment of the South Fork Holston River in Sullivan and Washington counties, TN. The “V” shaped lake spans 6.88 square miles; it consists of two primary tributaries of approximately equal-length which meet just above the dam. South Fork Holston River makes up the northern arm and Watauga River feeds the southern arm. In October 2014, the discovery of a sinkhole led to detection of sediment-laden seepage under the earthen part of the dam. As a safety precaution, the reservoir was immediately lowered to an elevation of 1,352.5 feet, 10 feet below operational “winter” levels. It will remain there until the anticipated dam repair completion date of 2022. This study compares reservoir water quality data collected before seepage detection to data collected since drawdown to determine the impact of drawdown on water quality in the reservoir. Parameters analyzed were Dissolved Oxygen (DO), turbidity, conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), pH, temperature, and Escherichia Coli (E. coli). Data were compiled from two sources consisting of samples taken from 22 locations dispersed throughout each arm of the reservoir. Statistical analysis of pre/post-drawdown data was conducted using independent samples t-tests and Mann-Whitney tests as appropriate. Results of this study indicate water quality in Boone Lake has changed significantly since water levels were lowered. This change is likely due to flushing of the reservoir caused by ongoing dam repair. Conductivity, TDS, and E. coli levels have decreased significantly, suggesting improvements in water quality. Changes in temperature and pH were also found to be significant. Time series analysis of temperature and pH show significant trends overtime suggesting the lake will continue to warm and acidify. This combination of changes could negatively impact water quality, as metals trapped in lake sediments will likely become increasingly mobilized. Based on these findings, it is recommended that water quality data be collected regularly at consistent time intervals using a paired samples approach throughout the completion of the dam’s repair and continuing thereafter. Additionally, based on pH and temperature findings, it is recommended that water quality testing include testing for presence and concentrations of metals to stay vigilant to potential changes in the water column.
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Ye, Xuemin. "The effect of water pH on swimming performance, blood pH, red cell pH, ion concentrations and catecholamine concentrations in plasma, and gill potential in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26676.

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The effect of transferring fish from water at pH 7.0 to either more acid or more alkaline conditions was to reduce the maximum critical velocity of the fish. In water of pH 4.0, 5.0, and 10.0, the maximum critical velocity was only 54.5%, 66.5%, and 61% respectively of that recorded for fish in the water of pH 7.0. Thus, both acid and alkaline conditions in the water reduce the aerobic swimming capacity of trout. Exposure to acid conditions increased mucus secretion and this was associated with an increase in coughing and breathing frequency in resting fish. Coughing rate increased from 41/hr to 592/hr; and respiration frequency increased from 81/min to 104/min when fish were transferred from water at pH 7.0 to water at pH 4.0. In comparing fish exposed to acid and alkaline waters, the results indicates that fish have a greater capacity to regulate blood pH in acid than in alkaline conditions. The gill potential was strongly dependent on water pH, being negative in neutral water, but positive in acid water and more negative in alkaline solution. Catecholamine levels increased significantly during acid exposure, but were not altered during alkaline exposure. The increasing catecholamine levels appeared at different time periods in different fish during acid exposure and seemed to be associated with the death of the fish. Na⁺ and C1⁻ ion concentrations in plasma decreased significantly after 24hrs of acid exposure, but did not change significantly in alkaline water. This may indicate that ionoregulatory disturbance in plasma is one of the reasons for the decrease in the maximum critical velocity in acid water, but not in alkaline water.
Science, Faculty of
Zoology, Department of
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Books on the topic "Water pH"

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Russell, Stephen. pH: A guide to measurement in water applications. Swindon: WRc, 1994.

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Emerson, A. G. D. Alkalinity, pH changes with temperature for waters in industrial systems. Chichester, West Sussex, England: E. Horwood, 1986.

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Butkus, Steven R. Factors affecting waters with a high pH: Statewide analysis. Olympia, Wash: Washington State Dept. of Ecology, Environmental Assessment Program, 2002.

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Limited, Boojum Research. pH history and potential pH development for 1996 and 1998 water samples from selected piezometers at South Bay. Toronto, Ont: Boojum Research, 2000.

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Fiske, Steven. Macroinvertebrate survey of 25 soft water-pH sensitive lakes in Vermont. [Waterbury, Vt.?]: Special Studies & Surveillance Unit, Dept. of Environmental Conservation, 1987.

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Pogue, Ted R. Processes controlling dissolved oxygen and pH in the upper Willamette River basin, Oregon, 1994. Portland, Or: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995.

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Pogue, Ted R. Processes controlling dissolved oxygen and pH in the upper Willamette River basin, Oregon, 1994. Portland, Or: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995.

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Pogue, Ted R. Processes controlling dissolved oxygen and pH in the upper Willamette River basin, Oregon, 1994. Portland, Or: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1995.

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Hall, David W. Temperature, pH, conductance, and dissolved oxygen in cross sections of 11 Lake Michigan tributaries, 1994-95. Middleton, Wis: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1998.

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National Association of Corrosion Engineers. Recovery and repassivation after low pH excursions in open recirculating cooling water systems. Houston: NACE, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Water pH"

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Boyd, Claude E. "Carbon Dioxide, pH, and Alkalinity." In Water Quality, 177–203. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23335-8_9.

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Boyd, Claude E. "pH, Carbon Dioxide, and Alkalinity." In Water Quality, 153–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17446-4_8.

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Boyd, Claude E. "pH, Carbon Dioxide, and Alkalinity." In Water Quality, 105–22. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4485-2_7.

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Bonner, Philip L. R. "Water, pH and Buffers." In Protein Purification, 1–12. Second edition. | Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2018. | Series: Basics: Taylor & Francis, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429458187-1.

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Wesolowski, David J., Donald A. Palmer, and Robert E. Mesmer. "Measurement and control of pH in hydrothermal solutions." In Water-Rock Interaction, 51–55. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203734049-12.

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Grozdanov, Anita, Aleksandar Petrovski, Perica Paunovik, Aleksandar T. Dimitrov, and Maurizio Avella. "MWCNT/Polyaniline Nanocomposites Used for pH Nanosensors of Marine Waters." In Springer Water, 231–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71279-6_32.

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Gasse, F. "East african diatoms and water pH." In Diatoms and Lake Acidity, 149–68. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4808-2_12.

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Bertorino, G., A. M. Caredda, A. Ibba, and P. Zuddas. "Weathering of Pb-Zn mine tailings in pH buffered environment." In Water-Rock Interaction, 859–62. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203734049-214.

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Alekseyev, V. A., L. S. Medvedeva, N. I. Prisyagina, S. S. Meshalkin, V. G. Senin, and S. I. Andrianova. "Kinetics of feldspar dissolution at 300°C and pH 9." In Water-Rock Interaction, 137–40. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203734049-33.

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Pitsch, H., S. Motellier, P. L’Hénoret, and C. Boursat. "Characterization of deep underground fluids – Part I: pH determination in a clayey formation." In Water-Rock Interaction, 467–70. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203734049-116.

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Conference papers on the topic "Water pH"

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Maciel, Plinio Soares Paolinelli, Samuel Batista da Silva, Guilherme Fernandes Beraldo de Medeiros, and Thelma Virginia Rodrigues. "Innovative pH control for water: Reusing rainwater." In 2013 IEEE Global Humanitarian Technology Conference (GHTC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ghtc.2013.6713698.

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Hareyama, Wataru. "Change of pH and Iron Ion Concentration During Photodegradation of TCE with Ferrioxalate/UVvis Process." In WATER DYANMICS: 3rd International Workshop on Water Dynamics. AIP, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2207105.

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Ormsbee, Lindell. "A Methodology for pH TMDLs: Application to Kentucky Watersheds." In World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2001. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40569(2001)189.

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Suchithra, R., V. Sruthilaya, V. Sneha, R. Shanmathi, and P. Navaseelan. "pH controller for water treatment using fuzzy logic." In 2016 IEEE Technological Innovations in ICT for Agriculture and Rural Development (TIAR). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tiar.2016.7801238.

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Qian, Qin, Fernando Aleman, Hayden Rice, Andre Trottier, Liv Haselbach, and Harley Myler. "pH Profiles around Pervious Concrete in Fresh Water." In International Low Impact Development Conference 2018. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784481783.008.

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Xiao, Ming, Ashleigh D. Love, and Zheng Teng. "pH Variation and Its Effect on Metal Concentration during Electrokinetics." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2009. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41036(342)262.

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García, I., and L. Moreno. "Use of pH, contact time, chlorine dose and temperature on the formation of trihalomethane and some predictive models." In WATER POLLUTION 2006. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wp060411.

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Liu, Shengqian, Tianci Zhang, and Xuan Sun. "Design and Realization of Portable Water Quality PH Detector." In ISBDAI '18: International Symposium on Big Data and Artificial Intelligence. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3305275.3305304.

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Hoon, Wee Fwen, Yew Been Seok, Soh Ping Jack, Lee Yeng Seng, and Lee Oon Keng. "Dielectric properties measurement and pH analysis for drinking water." In PROCEEDINGS OF GREEN DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE 2020. AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0044589.

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Sarinont, Thapanut, Kazunori Koga, Satoshi Kitazaki, Giichirou Uchida, Nobuya Hayashi, and Masaharu Shiratani. "Effects of Atmospheric Air Plasma Irradiation on pH of Water." In Proceedings of the 12th Asia Pacific Physics Conference (APPC12). Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.7566/jpscp.1.015078.

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Reports on the topic "Water pH"

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Daniel P. Molloy. IMPACT OF WATER PH ON ZEBRA MUSSEL MORTALITY. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/811450.

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Orlov, Maxim, Ihor Tokarev, Andreas Scholl, Andrew Doran, and Sergiy Minko. pH-Responsive Thin Film Membranes from Poly(2-vinylpyridine): Water Vapor-Induced Formation of a Microporous Structure. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada482321.

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3

Krauter, P. W., J. E. Harrar, and S. P. Orloff. Effect of CO{sub 2} air mixtures on the pH of air-stripped water at Treatment Facility D. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/641119.

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Lynch, J. The stability of alkalinity, calcium, magnesium, and pH in lake water samples stored over a period of years. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/203763.

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Schaefer, J. R., W. E. Scott, W. C. Evans, Bronwen Wang, and R. G. McGimsey. Summit crater lake observations, and the location, chemistry, and pH of water samples near Mount Chiginagak volcano, Alaska: 2004-2011. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, December 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/23083.

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Schaefer, J. R., W. E. Scott, W. C. Evans, Bronwen Wang, and R. G. McGimsey. Summit crater lake observations, and the location, chemistry, and pH of water samples near Mount Chiginagak volcano, Alaska: 2004-2012. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/25602.

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7

Banach, J. L., Y. Hoffmans, W. A. J. Appelman, H. van Bokhorst-van de Veen, and E. D. van Asselt. The effectiveness of ozone, ultrafiltration, and low pH on Escherichia coli inactivation in fresh-cut endive process wash water at a pilot setting. Wageningen: Wageningen Food Safety Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/537192.

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8

Becher, Julie, Samuel Beal, Susan Taylor, Katerina Dontsova, and Dean Wilcox. Photo-transformation of aqueous nitroguanidine and 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one : emerging munitions compounds. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41743.

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Abstract:
Two major components of insensitive munition formulations, nitroguanidine (NQ) and 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO), are highly water soluble and therefore likely to photo-transform while in solution in the environment. The ecotoxicities of NQ and NTO solutions are known to increase with UV exposure, but a detailed accounting of aqueous degradation rates, products, and pathways under different exposure wavelengths is currently lacking. We irradiated aqueous solutions of NQ and NTO over a 32-h period at three ultraviolet wavelengths and analyzed their degradation rates and transformation products. NQ was completely degraded by 30 min at 254 nm and by 4 h at 300 nm, but it was only 10% degraded after 32 h at 350 nm. Mass recoveries of NQ and its transformation products were >80% for all three wavelengths. NTO degradation was greatest at 300 nm with 3% remaining after 32 h, followed by 254 nm (7% remaining) and 350 nm (20% remaining). Mass recoveries of NTO and its transformation products were high for the first 8 h but decreased to 22–48% by 32 h. Environmental half-lives of NQ and NTO in pure water were estimated as 4 and 6 days, respectively. We propose photo-degradation pathways for NQ and NTO supported by observed and quantified degradation products and changes in solution pH.
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Ji, Yi, Bob McCullouch, and Zhi Zhou. Evaluation of Anti-Icing/De-Icing Products Under Controlled Environmental Conditions. Purdue University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317253.

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Snow and ice removal are important tasks during the winter season and large amounts of anti-icing and de-icing chemicals are used and there is a critical need to review and synthesize information from the literature to compare and contrast anti-icing and de-icing chemicals to understand their environmental impact and support decision making. The effectiveness, costs, and environmental impact of commonly used and alternative anti-icing and de-icing chemicals were reviewed in this study. Application of anti-icing and de-icing chemicals may increase ion concentrations in soils and change nitrogen cycle, soil pH, and trace metal concentrations, affect surface water and groundwater, and increase public health risks. Life cycle assessment was conducted to quantitively evaluate environmental impact of selected anti-icing and de-icing chemicals. A decision support tool on environmental impact was developed to evaluate environmental impact of anti-icing and de-icing chemicals in ten different environmental impact categories. The results showed the environmental life cycle assessment tool developed in this study can be used to compare multiple environment impacts to support decision making for winter operation chemicals.
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Moores, Lee, Stacy Jones, Garrett George, David Henderson, and Timothy Schutt. Photo degradation kinetics of insensitive munitions constituents nitroguanidine, nitrotriazolone, and dinitroanisole in natural waters. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41900.

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Herein the matrix effects on the kinetics of aqueous photolysis for the individual munitions constituents of IMX-101: nitroguanidine (NQ), dinitroanisole (DNAN), and nitrotriazolone (NTO) are reported along with the environmentally relevant kinetics and quantum yields. Photolysis potentially represents a major degradation pathway for these munitions in the environment and further understanding the complex matrices effects on photolytic kinetics was needed. Aqueous systems are of particular interest due to the high solubility of NQ (3,800 ppm) and NTO (16,642 ppm) compared to the traditional munitions trinitrotoluene (TNT, 100.5 ppm) and 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX, 59.9 ppm). Environmental half-lives (and quantum yields) were found to be 0.44 days, 0.83 days, and 4.4 days for NQ, DNAN, and NTO, respectively, under natural sunlight. In laboratory experiments using nominally 300 nm bulbs in a merry-go-round style reactor in DI water the relative rate of photolysis for the three munitions constituents followed the same order NQ > DNAN > NTO, where DNAN and NTO reacted 57 and 115 times more slowly, respectively, than NQ. In the various environmentally relevant matrices tested in the laboratory experiments NQ was not significantly affected, DNAN showed a faster degradation with increasing ionic strength, and NTO showed a modest salinity and pH dependence on its rate of photolysis.
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