Relevant bibliographies by topics / Water pipe networks

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Water pipe networks'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 8 September 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Water pipe networks"

1

Masuda, Naoki, and Fanlin Meng. "Dynamical stability of water distribution networks." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 475, no. 2230 (October 2019): 20190291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2019.0291.

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Water distribution networks are hydraulic infrastructures that aim to meet water demands at their various nodes. Water flows through pipes in the network create nonlinear dynamics on networks. A desirable feature of water distribution networks is high resistance to failures and other shocks to the system. Such threats would at least transiently change the flow rate in various pipes, potentially undermining the functionality of the whole water distribution system. Here we carry out a linear stability analysis for a nonlinear dynamical system representing the flow rate through pipes that are interconnected through an arbitrary pipe network with reservoirs and consumer nodes. We show that the steady state is always locally stable and develop a method to calculate the eigenvalue that corresponds to the mode that decays the most slowly towards the equilibrium, which we use as an index for resilience of the system. We show that the proposed index is positively correlated with the recovery rate of the pipe network, which was derived from a realistic and industrially popular simulator. The present analytical framework is expected to be useful for deploying tools from nonlinear dynamics and network analysis in the design, resilience management and scenario testing of water distribution networks.
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Ahn, J. C., S. W. Lee, G. S. Lee, and J. Y. Koo. "Predicting water pipe breaks using neural network." Water Supply 5, no. 3-4 (November 1, 2005): 159–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2005.0096.

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The relationships between pipe breaks of service pipes and mains and several factors were examined. Historical pipe breaks, and water and soil temperatures were also modeled by an artificial neural network to predict pipe breaks for efficient management and maintenance of the pipe networks. It was observed that the breaks of pipes increased after the temperatures of water and soil crossed in spring and fall. The pipe breaks were closely related to water and soil temperature, especially mains were affected more than service pipes. The fittings and valves were susceptible to the temperatures and needed to take measures for preventing breaks. The prediction of the pipe breaks by the ANN model built had a good performance except that the sensitivity was not good when the pipe breaks rapidly increased or decreased. The ANN model gave a good performance and was to be useful to predict the patterns of pipe breaks on a seasonal basis.
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Young, Brian. "Analysis and optimisation of looped water distribution networks." Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society. Series B. Applied Mathematics 41, no. 4 (April 2000): 508–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0334270000011796.

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AbstractA three stage procedure for the analysis and least-cost design of looped water distribution networks is considered in this paper. The first stage detects spanning trees and identifies the true global optimum for the system. The second stage determines hydraulically feasible pipe flows for the network by the numerical solution of a set of non-linear simultaneous equations and shows that these solutions are contained within closed convex polygonal regions in the solution space bounded by singularities resulting from zero flows in individual pipes. Ideal pipe diameters, consistent with the pipe flows and the constant velocity constraint adopted to prevent the system degenerating into a branched network, are selected and costed. It is found that the most favourable optimum is in the vicinity of a vertex in the solution space corresponding to the minimum spanning tree. In the third stage, commercial pipes are specified and the design finalised. Upper bound formulae for the number of spanning trees and hydraulically feasible solutions in a network have also been proposed. The treatment of large networks by a heuristic procedure is described which is shown to result in significant economies compared with designs obtained by non-linear programming.
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Teleszewski, Tomasz Janusz, Dorota Anna Krawczyk, and Antonio Rodero. "Reduction of Heat Losses Using Quadruple Heating Pre-Insulated Networks: A Case Study." Energies 12, no. 24 (December 10, 2019): 4699. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12244699.

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The paper presents an analysis of heat loss and reductions of annual emissions of air pollutants of a quadruple pre-insulated heating network by comparing this solution with the existing pre-insulated network consisting of four pre-insulated single pipes and the variant consisting of two twin pipe pre-insulated. For calculations, an existing heating network located in central Poland was adopted, where heat is transported for heating purposes of buildings and domestic hot water with circulation of domestic hot water through four separate pre-insulated underground pipes. The idea of the construction of four pre-insulated pipes presented in the paper consists in the location of four steel pipes in a common round thermal insulation, which perform the role of heat transport for heating purposes in multi-family buildings (supply and return) and two pipes transporting hot water (a pipe with domestic hot water with circulation). In Poland, heating pipes used in multi-family housing have a larger diameter compared to domestic hot water pipes, which is why standard twin pipe heating pipes have been used in the construction of four pre-insulated networks, in which the domestic hot water pipe has been added to the thermal insulation and circulation of domestic hot water. In order to determine heat losses, a simplified two-dimensional model of conductive heat transfer was developed using Fortran to create a computer program. The results of numerical simulations show that the use of twin pipes for the construction of pre-insulated quadruple networks has contributed to a significant reduction in heat loss in relation to the existing single pre-insulated network (up to 57.1%), while reducing the thermal insulation field of the cross-section of the pre-insulated pipe by 21.4%.
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Hooda, Nikhil, and Om Damani. "Inclusion of tank configurations as a variable in the cost optimization of branched piped-water networks." Drinking Water Engineering and Science 10, no. 1 (June 9, 2017): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/dwes-10-39-2017.

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Abstract. The classic problem of the capital cost optimization of branched piped networks consists of choosing pipe diameters for each pipe in the network from a discrete set of commercially available pipe diameters. Each pipe in the network can consist of multiple segments of differing diameters. Water networks also consist of intermediate tanks that act as buffers between incoming flow from the primary source and the outgoing flow to the demand nodes. The network from the primary source to the tanks is called the primary network, and the network from the tanks to the demand nodes is called the secondary network. During the design stage, the primary and secondary networks are optimized separately, with the tanks acting as demand nodes for the primary network. Typically the choice of tank locations, their elevations, and the set of demand nodes to be served by different tanks is manually made in an ad hoc fashion before any optimization is done. It is desirable therefore to include this tank configuration choice in the cost optimization process itself. In this work, we explain why the choice of tank configuration is important to the design of a network and describe an integer linear program model that integrates the tank configuration to the standard pipe diameter selection problem. In order to aid the designers of piped-water networks, the improved cost optimization formulation is incorporated into our existing network design system called JalTantra.
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Levinas, Daniel, Gal Perelman, and Avi Ostfeld. "Water Leak Localization Using High-Resolution Pressure Sensors." Water 13, no. 5 (February 25, 2021): 591. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13050591.

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A new method for identifying a leaking pipe within a pressurized water distribution system is presented. This novel approach utilizes transient modeling to analyze water networks. Urban water supply networks are important infrastructure that ensures the daily water consumption of urban residents and industrial sites. The aging and deterioration of drinking water mains is the cause of frequent burst pipes, thus making the detection and localization of these bursts a top priority for water distribution companies. Here we describe a novel method based on transient modeling of the water network and produces high-resolution pressure response under various scenarios. Analyzing this data allows the prediction of the leaking pipe. The transient pressure data is classified as leaking pipes or no leak clusters using the K-nearest neighbors (K-NN) algorithm. The transient model requires a massive computation effort to simulate the network’s performance. The classification model presented good performance with an overall accuracy of 0.9 for the basic scenarios. The lowest accuracy was obtained for interpolated scenarios the model had not been trained on; in this case, the accuracy was 0.52.
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Tabesh, M., J. Soltani, R. Farmani, and D. Savic. "Assessing pipe failure rate and mechanical reliability of water distribution networks using data-driven modeling." Journal of Hydroinformatics 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2009.008.

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In this paper two models are presented based on Data-Driven Modeling (DDM) techniques (Artificial Neural Network and neuro-fuzzy systems) for more comprehensive and more accurate prediction of the pipe failure rate and an improved assessment of the reliability of pipes. Furthermore, a multivariate regression approach has been developed to enable comparison with the DDM-based methods. Unlike the existing simple regression models for prediction of pipe failure rates in which only few factors of diameter, age and length of pipes are considered, in this paper other parameters such as pressure and pipe depth, are also included. Furthermore, an investigation is carried out on most commonly used mechanical reliability relationships and the results of incorporation of the proposed pipe failure models in the reliability index are compared. The proposed models are applied to a real case study involving a large water distribution network in Iran and the results of model predictions are compared with measured pipe failure data. Compared with the results of neuro-fuzzy and multivariate regression models, the outcomes of the artificial neural network model are more realistic and accurate in the prediction of pipe failure rates and evaluation of mechanical reliability in water distribution networks.
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Neilands, K., M. Bernats, and J. Rubulis. "Accumulation and modeling of particles in drinking water pipe fittings." Drinking Water Engineering and Science 5, no. 1 (September 3, 2012): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/dwes-5-47-2012.

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Abstract. The effect of pipe fittings (mainly T-pieces) on particle accumulation in drinking water distribution networks were shown in this work. The online measurements of flow and turbidity for cast iron, polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride pipe sections were linked with analysis of pipe geometry. Up to 0.29 kg of the total amount mobilized in T-pieces ranging from DN 100/100–DN 250/250. The accumulated amount of particles in fittings was defined as J and introduced into the existing turbidity model PODDS (prediction of discoloration in distribution systems) proposed by Boxall et al. (2001) which describes the erosion of particles leading to discoloration events in drinking water network viz sections of straight pipes. However, this work does not interpret mobilization of particles in pipe fittings which have been considered in this article. T-pieces were the object of this study and depending of the diameter or daily flow velocity, the coefficient J varied from 1.16 to 8.02. The study showed that pipe fittings act as catchment areas for particle accumulation in drinking water networks.
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Aklog, D., and Y. Hosoi. "Reliability-based optimal design of water distribution networks." Water Supply 3, no. 1-2 (March 1, 2003): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2003.0080.

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Maintaining network loops, and hence attaining acceptable system reliability, has been a challenge in the optimal design of water distribution networks. Aimed at a possible solution to the problem, this paper has two objectives: to introduce a new reliability-based optimal design formulation and a model, and to examine the effect of specifying minimum allowable pipe sizes during least-cost designs on system reliability. System reliability is estimated using the minimum cut-set method, but instead of using the mechanical failure probabilities of pipes, weighted failure probabilities are calculated by considering the ratio of the actual supply to demand. One of the salient features of this study and the new reliability-based design model in particular, is that a pressure-driven network simulation model is used to determine the actual supply at each demand point when a component fails. A simplified two-loop network is used to illustrate the performance of the new model and to study the effect of specifying minimum allowable pipe sizes. The results obtained show that the new model preserves loops and results in a system with better reliability; and, if appropriate, minimum allowable pipe sizes are specified in the least-cost design, a required reliability can be attained with a reasonably low cost.
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Wols, Bas, Andreas Moerman, Peter Horst, and Karel van Laarhoven. "Prediction of Pipe Failure in Drinking Water Distribution Networks by Comsima." Proceedings 2, no. 11 (August 6, 2018): 589. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2110589.

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Comsima is a mechanical model that calculates stresses and joint rotations in drinking water distribution pipes based upon several loadings on the pipe (soil, traffic, water pressure, differential settlements). Pipe degradation mechanisms (slow crack growth resistance for PVC and calcium leaching for AC) were added to the model. A comparison with failure registration for an area in the Netherlands using satellite data to determine differential settlements shows that pipes with higher stresses or higher joint rotations in general have a higher failure rate.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Water pipe networks"

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Røstum, Jon. "Statistical modelling of pipe failures in water networks." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-504.

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This thesis presents an evaluation of statistical methods for modelling pipe failures for each individual pipe in a water distribution network. This thesis introduces the Non Homogeneous Poisson Process (NHPP) with covariates (i.e. explanatory variables) as an appropriate method for modelling pipe failures in water networks. As part of this research, a computer program has been developed that estimates the parameters in the NHPP (“Power law” model). The results from this NHPP model are compared to the results obtained from a modified Weibull Proportional Hazards Model (PHM), where the hazard function is allowed to continue beyond the pipe’s first failure. The models are applied in a case study using data for the water distribution network in Trondheim, Norway.

The statistical models have been calibrated, verified and used to predict failures for both networks (i.e. group of pipes) and individual pipes. Covariates that have a significant influence on the rate of occurrence of failures (ROCOF) are documented. Based on the results from the case study, NHPP is recommend over the Weibull PHM for modelling failures in water networks.

The output from the statistical models can be used for a variety of purposes in water network management. In the long term the models can be used to estimate future budget needs for rehabilitation. In the short term the models can be used to define candidates for replacement based on poor structural condition. Information about failure intensity is also required for carrying out network reliability analysis. For this purpose reliability data for each individual pipe is required, which is exactly what the predictive models described in this thesis provide.

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Sirvole, Kishore. "Transient Analysis in Pipe Networks." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31444.

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Power failure of pumps, sudden valve actions, and the operation of automatic control systems are all capable of generating high pressure waves in domestic water supply systems. These transient conditions resulting in high pressures can cause pipe failures by damaging valves and fittings. In this study, basic equations for solving transient analysis problems are derived using method of characteristics. Two example problems are presented. One, a single pipe system which is solved by developing an excel spreadsheet. Second, a pipe network problem is solved using transient analysis program called TRANSNET.

A transient analysis program is developed in Java. This program can handle suddenly-closing valves, gradually-closing valves, pump power failures and sudden demand changes at junctions. A maximum of four pipes can be present at a junction. A pipe network problem is solved using this java program and the results were found to be similar to that obtained from TRANSNET program. The code can be further extended, for example by developing java applets and graphical user interphase to make it more user friendly.

A two dimensional (2D) numerical model is developed using MATLAB to analyze gaseous cavitation in a single pipe system. The model is based on mathematical formulations proposed by Cannizzaro and Pezzinga (2005) and Pezzinga (2003). The model considers gaseous cavitation due to both thermic exhange between gas bubbles and surrounding liquid and during the process of gas release. The results from the model show that during transients, there is significant increase in fluid temperature along with high pressures. In literature pipe failures and noise problems in premise plumbing are atributed to gaseous cavitation.
Master of Science

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Sacluti, Fernando R. "Modeling water distribution pipe failures using artificial neural networks." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ40103.pdf.

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Kabaasha, Asaph Mercy. "Realistic modelling of leakage in water distribution pipe networks." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29241.

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Several experimental and modelling studies have established that leak areas are mostly not fixed but vary linearly with pressure. Introducing this linear relationship into the orifice equation, results in a two-part modified orifice equation for leakage modelling with pressure head exponents of 0.5 and 1.5 respectively. Current hydraulic network solvers apply the conventional power leakage equation to model pressure dependent demands such as leakage. The empirically derived power leakage equation does not explicitly consider the leak area variation with pressure and it has been found to be flawed under certain conditions. The aim of this study therefore, was to incorporate the modified orifice equation into the algorithm of a hydraulic network solver and evaluate the impact this has on leakage modelling. Epanet is the hydraulic modelling software whose algorithm of the network solver was modified. In addition, a stochastic model for network leak generation and distribution was developed. The conventional and the modified software were applied to different levels of stochastically generated and distributed leakage in three differently sized pipe networks. It was found that the conventional power leakage equation results in significant leakage volume and flow rate errors under certain conditions. A methodology was also developed to correct the conventional power leakage equation so that it can be used to model leakage realistically without a change of the software to one that uses the modified orifice equation. The methodology was thereafter applied to an existing model that detects leaks in standard water distribution pipe networks, and the results showed significant improvements in the performance of the model.
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Starczewska, Dagmara. "Pressure transients in water distribution networks : understanding their contribution to pipe repairs." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/17526/.

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Drinking water infrastructure functions to provide a service to meet customer demands and health requirements. Pipe repairs are one of the biggest challenges of ageing water infrastructure in the UK and world wide. Pressure transients resulting from sudden interruptions of the movement of the water can be caused by routine value operations. In a single pipeline one extreme event can burst a pipe. However the occurrences and impact of pressure transients in operational water distribution systems were not currently fully understood. This research developed new insights and understanding of pressure transient occurrences and their contribution to observed pipe repair rates. A large scale field monitoring program, including deploying and managing high-speed (100 Hz) instrumentation for 11 months, was designed and implemented to cover 67 district metered areas (DMA) subdivided into 79 pressure zones. In total 144 locations were monitored. The data was analysed using a novel method, termed transient fingerprint. This allowed the identification of discrete pressure transients and their three fundamental components (magnitude, duration and numbers of occurrences) leading to a quantitative interpretation of pressure transients. Evolutionary polynomial regression modelling was used to assess the impact of directly measured pressure transient data in context with static pressure, age, diameter and soil variables on 64 cast iron pipes. The analysis suggested that high magnitude, short duration repeatedly occurring pressure transients can have an adverse effect on the pipes. The extrapolation of pressure transient analysis into 7978 cast iron pipes showed inconclusive results suggesting that more accurate pressure transient data is required for each pipe in the network. Additional analysis carried out on 25 asbestos cement pipes, with actual measurements of pressure transients for each pipe, confirmed an adverse effect of pressure transient on water network observed in cast iron pipes. This research has provided an understanding of the occurrence of pressure transients that has implications on pipe management strategies. Mitigation techniques to locate pressure transient sources based on the project outcomes could be utilised to better manage distribution systems and ultimately reduce future pipe replacements and associated costs.
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Nilsson, Kenneth A. "Simulating Accidental Exposures to deliberate Intrusions in Pipe Networks." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1091122400.

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Stathis, Jonathan Alexander. "A Model for Determining Leakage in Water Distribution Systems." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/46422.

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Leaks in pipe networks cause significant problems for utilities and water users in terms of lost revenue and interrupted service. In many cities the leakage is as high as forty percent. A water audit is carried out to assess system-wide leakage. However, to detect leakage at the level of a pipeline, a physical measurement technique is generally employed. For large cities the distribution piping length amounts to a few thousand miles. Therefore, the physical measurements can become tedious and expensive. In this thesis it is assumed that a spatial distribution of leakage can be estimated at nodes based on a water audit bookkeeping scheme. A mathematical formulation consisting of continuity, energy (headloss), pressure-dependent demands and/or leakage, and flow direction preservation equations are utilized to distribute demand flows and leakage among pipes. The leakage is attributed to the formation of corrosion holes. Based upon the extent of corrosion, the leakage flow arriving at a particular node is apportioned among all pipes that are converging at that node. Therefore, the formulation presented in this thesis captures the two essential elements behind leakage, namely, pressure driven flow distribution and the vulnerability of pipes to corrosion. The proposed formulation allows utilities to be more proactive in identifying leakage prone districts within the water distribution system. An understanding of the pressure-dependent leakage in the system is helpful when performing a water audit and in developing strategies for leak repair programs. Restoring the full capacity of the water distribution system will greatly increase the reliability of the system, thereby benefiting local utilities and water users.
Master of Science
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Austin, Ryan Glen. "Detailed Water Quality Modeling of Pressurized Pipe Systems and Its Effect on the Security of Municipal Water Distribution Networks." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/202714.

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The current study expands on the body of knowledge associated with water distribution system security. The three main chapters focus on 1) the effectiveness of an incomplete mixing model (AZRED-I) with respect to multi-objective sensor placement decisions; 2) risk assessment as a tool for evaluating vulnerability and making sensor placement decisions; and 3) experimental verification of a combined axial-dispersion and incomplete-mixing water quality model (AZRED-II). The study concludes that water quality models do impact sensor placement decisions, especially in highly interconnected networks; that risk assessment is a valuable evaluation tool for providing information concerning a system's vulnerability to contamination and also information that can affect sensor placement decisions; and that AZRED-II is superior to other water quality models at predicting the spatiotemporal pattern of a pulse through a distribution network with cross junctions under laminar flow. The other sections of the study describe the connection that exists between water distribution security and water quality models.
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Mahdizadeh, Hossein. "Modelling of flood waves based on wave propagation : algorithms with bed efflux and influx including a coupled-pipe network solver." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/modelling-of-flood-waves-based-on-wave-propagation-algorithms-with-bed-efflux-and-influx-including-a-coupled-pipe-network-solver(08c8e8dc-73d6-43f2-aca7-6c3eeae9a805).html.

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Flood propagation over urban areas can cause an interaction between the free-surface flow and large underground pipe networks used for storm drainage and sewage, causing outflows and inflows at the bed. The associated waves may collide with each other and the surface waves. In this thesis the shallow water equations are used to model this type of wave interaction over dry or wet beds with bathymetry gradients and friction terms. The proposed shallow water scheme is solved based on finite volume high-resolution Godunov-type methods. The solver is well-balanced and can accurately balance the source terms and flux-gradients for the steady-state solutions. The solver also utilises a new type of Riemann wave speed to provide depth-positive results over nearly dry beds and dry states. Additionally a new type of source term is introduced in the continuity equation to model pipe inflow and outflow conditions at bed connections. For the standard one-dimensional shallow water equations the numerical results are validated with analytical solutions or other reference solutions provided in the literature. This includes the incipient Riemann problems for nearly dry and dry-states, steady flow over a hump in a rectangular channel and the wave propagation problem. Eventually, the generation of dry bed in the middle, over discontinuous topography is considered. Close agreement is achieved between the shallow water scheme and analytical or reference solutions for the above test cases. For the shallow water problems with influx/efflux source terms comparisons are made with STAR-CD, a commercial Navier-Stokes solver for general fluid flow prediction. The shallow water model is first used to simulate vertical flows through finite gaps in the bed. Next, the interaction of the vertical flows with a dam-break flow is considered for both dry and wet beds. An efflux number, En, is defined based on the vertical efflux velocity and the gap length. A parameter study is undertaken to investigate the effect of the one-dimensional approximation of the present model, for a range of non-dimensional efflux numbers. It is found that the shallow flow model gives sensible predictions at all times provided En<0.5, and for long durations for En>0.5. Dam break flow over an underground connecting pipe is also considered for the one-dimensional efflux problems. To solve two-dimensional problems the shallow water scheme uses the dimensional-splitting method which solves each one-dimensional Riemann problem in the x- and y-directions separately. The cross-derivative terms for second-order accuracy are incorporated by solving another Riemann problem in the orthogonal direction. For two-dimensional problems first the dam-break problems are considered over wet and dry beds. Then, flood propagation over complex terrain is demonstrated. Next, efflux discharge is modelled in isolation over a dry bed and then with dam-break interaction, comparing with STAR-CD results. Again very good agreement is shown between the two-dimensional shallow water model and STAR-CD for the efflux numbers of En<0.5. For modelling the inundation problem over an underground pipe network the solver is coupled with the general underground pipe network solver to calculate the efflux discharge as the flood waves pass through the pipe network. For analysing the pipe network with unknown effluxes an additional set of equations is incorporated into the solution of a general pipe network solver. The shallow water solver coupled to an underground pipe network is then used to simulate dam-break interaction with pipe networks with 9 and 25 nodes to demonstrate the versatility of the method.
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Romano, Michele. "Near real-time detection and approximate location of pipe bursts and other events in water distribution systems." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/9862.

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The research work presented in this thesis describes the development and testing of a new data analysis methodology for the automated near real-time detection and approximate location of pipe bursts and other events which induce similar abnormal pressure/flow variations (e.g., unauthorised consumptions, equipment failures, etc.) in Water Distribution Systems (WDSs). This methodology makes synergistic use of several self-learning Artificial Intelligence (AI) and statistical/geostatistical techniques for the analysis of the stream of data (i.e., signals) collected and communicated on-line by the hydraulic sensors deployed in a WDS. These techniques include: (i) wavelets for the de-noising of the recorded pressure/flow signals, (ii) Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) for the short-term forecasting of future pressure/flow signal values, (iii) Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) for the selection of optimal ANN input structure and parameters sets, (iv) Statistical Process Control (SPC) techniques for the short and long term analysis of the burst/other event-induced pressure/flow variations, (v) Bayesian Inference Systems (BISs) for inferring the probability of a burst/other event occurrence and raising the detection alarms, and (vi) geostatistical techniques for determining the approximate location of a detected burst/other event. The results of applying the new methodology to the pressure/flow data from several District Metered Areas (DMAs) in the United Kingdom (UK) with real-life bursts/other events and simulated (i.e., engineered) burst events are also reported in this thesis. The results obtained illustrate that the developed methodology allowed detecting the aforementioned events in a fast and reliable manner and also successfully determining their approximate location within a DMA. The results obtained additionally show the potential of the methodology presented here to yield substantial improvements to the state-of-the-art in near real-time WDS incident management by enabling the water companies to save water, energy, money, achieve higher levels of operational efficiency and improve their customer service. The new data analysis methodology developed and tested as part of the research work presented in this thesis has been patented (International Application Number: PCT/GB2010/000961).
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Books on the topic "Water pipe networks"

1

Swamee, Prabhata K. Design of water supply pipe networks. Chichester, West Sussex, England: Wiley, 2007.

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Bhave, Pramod R. Analysis of water distribution networks. Oxford, U.K: Alpha Science International, 2006.

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Bhave, Pramod R. Analysis of flow in water distribution networks. Lancaster [Pa.]: Technomic Pub. Co., 1991.

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Bhave, Pramod R. Optimal design of water distribution networks. Pangbourne, England: Alpha Science International, Ltd., 2003.

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Kleiner, Yehuda. Water distribution network rehabilitation: Selection and scheduling of pipe rehabilitation alternatives. Ottawa: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997.

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Bank, Asian Development. In the pipeline, water for the poor: Investing in small piped water networks. Mandaluyong City, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, 2008.

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International, Conference on Water Pipeline Systems (3rd 1997 Hague Netherlands). 3rd International Conference on Water Pipeline Systems: Leakage management, network optimizaton and pipeline rehabilitation technology. London: Mechanical Engineering Publications, 1997.

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Sharma, Ashok K., and Prabhata K. Swamee. Design of Water Supply Pipe Networks. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2008.

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Sharma, Ashok K., and Prabhata K. Swamee. Design of Water Supply Pipe Networks. Wiley-Interscience, 2008.

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Musa, MD. Modeling chlorine concentration in pipe networks. 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Water pipe networks"

1

Chaudhry, M. Hanif, and M. Rashidul Islam. "Water Quality Modeling in Pipe Networks." In Improving Efficiency and Reliability in Water Distribution Systems, 369–93. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1841-7_16.

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Jowitt, P. W. "Effects of Pipe Failures on Water Distribution Networks." In Improving Efficiency and Reliability in Water Distribution Systems, 283–302. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1841-7_12.

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Praneeth, P., A. Vasan, and K. Srinivasa Raju. "Pipe Size Design Optimization of Water Distribution Networks Using Water Cycle Algorithm." In Harmony Search and Nature Inspired Optimization Algorithms, 1057–67. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0761-4_99.

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Jing, Chunguo, Guangzhong Xing, Bin Liu, and Qiuguo Bai. "Determination of Gas and Water Volume Fraction in Oil Water Gas Pipe Flow Using Neural Networks Based on Dual Modality Densitometry." In Advances in Neural Networks - ISNN 2006, 1248–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11760191_182.

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Ahmad, R., and T. Kundu. "Influence of Water Flow through Pipe Networks for Damage Detection using Guided Waves." In Nondestructive Testing of Materials and Structures, 681–87. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0723-8_97.

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Tabios III, Guillermo Q. "Pipe Network Distribution Modeling with Optimization." In World Water Resources, 299–310. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25401-8_9.

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Hussain, Ajmal, Muhammad Mustafa, S. M. Ahbar Warsi, and Sumit Kumar. "Water Hammer Analysis for Pipe Line Network Using HAMMER V8i." In Water Resources Management and Reservoir Operation, 117–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79400-2_10.

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Mishra, Manish Kumar, and Kailash Jha. "Algorithms of Minimal Number of Sensors Placement Using Pressure Sensitivity Analysis for Leak Detection in Pipe Network." In Water Management and Water Governance, 393–412. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58051-3_26.

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Worley, Rob, and Sean Anderson. "Topological Robot Localization in a Large-Scale Water Pipe Network." In Towards Autonomous Robotic Systems, 77–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63486-5_11.

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Ferrari, P., A. Flammini, S. Rinaldi, and A. Vezzoli. "Wireless Sensor Network Based on wM-Bus for Leakage Detection in Gas and Water Pipes." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 407–10. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00684-0_78.

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Conference papers on the topic "Water pipe networks"

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Wei, Debing, Chaoxian Qi, Jiefu Chen, Aijun Song, Gangbing Song, and Miao Pan. "Pipe Data Through the Water." In WUWNET'19: International Conference on Underwater Networks & Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3366486.3366508.

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Joseph, Karun M., and Branko Kerkez. "Enabling Communications for Buried Pipe Networks." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2014. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413548.093.

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Huang, Taoan, and Bistra Dilkina. "Enhancing Seismic Resilience of Water Pipe Networks." In COMPASS '20: ACM SIGCAS Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3378393.3402246.

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Roy, Abhijit, Binaya Pudasaini, and Mohsen Shahandashti. "Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Water Pipe Networks under Network Uncertainties." In Pipelines 2021. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784483619.018.

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Dawood, Thikra, Emad Elwakil, Hector Mayol Novoa, and Jose Fernando Garate Delgado. "Toward Sustainable Water System: Modeling Pipe Failure in Water Distribution Networks." In 2020 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability (SusTech). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sustech47890.2020.9150495.

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Rayhana, Rakiba, Yutong Jiao, Zheng Liu, Angie Wu, and Xiangjie Kong. "Water pipe valve detection by using deep neural networks." In Smart Structures and NDE for Industry 4.0, Smart Cities, and Energy Systems, edited by Kerrie Gath and Norbert G. Meyendorf. SPIE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2558886.

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Gonwa, William S. "Experimental Apparatus for Teaching about Pipe Networks and Other Hydraulic Phenomena." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2020. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784482995.002.

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Lin, Chao-Chih, and Hund-Der Yeh. "Detection of Leakage in Pipe Networks Using Transient and Simulated Annealing." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2014. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413548.041.

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Davis, P., M. Moglia, S. Gould, and S. Burn. "Physical Probabilistic Models to Estimate Failure Rates in PVC Pipe Networks." In World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2004. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40737(2004)467.

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Piller, Olivier, Bernard Bremond, and Matthew Poulton. "Least Action Principles Appropriate to Pressure Driven Models of Pipe Networks." In World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2003. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40685(2003)113.

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Reports on the topic "Water pipe networks"

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Dodd, Hope, David Peitz, Gareth Rowell, Janice Hinsey, David Bowles, Lloyd Morrison, Michael DeBacker, Jennifer Haack-Gaynor, and Jefrey Williams. Protocol for Monitoring Fish Communities in Small Streams in the Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network. National Park Service, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2284726.

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Fish communities are an important component of aquatic systems and are good bioindicators of ecosystem health. Land use changes in the Midwest have caused sedimentation, erosion, and nutrient loading that degrades and fragments habitat and impairs water quality. Because most small wadeable streams in the Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network (HTLN) have a relatively small area of their watersheds located within park boundaries, these streams are at risk of degradation due to adjacent land use practices and other anthropogenic disturbances. Shifts in the physical and chemical properties of aquatic systems have a dramatic effect on the biotic community. The federally endangered Topeka shiner (Notropis topeka) and other native fishes have declined in population size due to habitat degradation and fragmentation in Midwest streams. By protecting portions of streams on publicly owned lands, national parks may offer refuges for threatened or endangered species and species of conservation concern, as well as other native species. This protocol describes the background, history, justification, methodology, data analysis and data management for long-term fish community monitoring of wadeable streams within nine HTLN parks: Effigy Mounds National Monument (EFMO), George Washington Carver National Monument (GWCA), Herbert Hoover National Historic Site (HEHO), Homestead National Monument of America (HOME), Hot Springs National Park (HOSP), Pea Ridge National Military Park (PERI), Pipestone National Monument (PIPE), Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve (TAPR), and Wilson's Creek national Battlefield (WICR). The objectives of this protocol are to determine the status and long-term trends in fish richness, diversity, abundance, and community composition in small wadeable streams within these nine parks and correlate the long-term community data to overall water quality and habitat condition (DeBacker et al. 2005).
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