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Journal articles on the topic 'Water pollution mitigation'
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1
Ha, S. R., and D. Pokhrel. "Water quality management planning zone development by introducing a GIS tool in Kathmandu valley, Nepal." Water Science and Technology 44, no. 7 (2001): 209–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0427.
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This research was conducted to identify the critical pollution (BOD, TN, TP) areas and to develop the priority mitigation zone for the Bagmati River pollution in the Kathmandu valley, Nepal. A GIS tool was used to define and identify the critical pollution areas and sources. Pollution source information such as population, livestock, industry and land use were collected on the basis of the individual village boundary. The industrial, land use and living pollution were aggregated by the GIS overlay analysis capability to obtain the combined pollution load within the watershed. Priority areas for the mitigation of the pollution were defined considering the pollution loading rate, distance of stream from pollution source, and political, religious, and touristic values of the area. This research noticed that Kathmandu, Lalitpur and Bhaktapur municipalities are the major polluting areas and living beings are the major factors of Bagmati River pollution. Delivery ratio for the watershed was found to vary from 40-69% for BOD and nitrogen but the delivery of phosphorus was exceptionally high (92% at Gaurighat and 77% at Chovar) due to cremation activity of the Hindu religion on the riverbanks. Thus, the priority areas for the mitigation of the carbonaceous and nutrient source pollution were identified. At present the land use and industry impaired a very low contribution compared to the huge pollution load from the municipalities to the river system.
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Aminuddin, Harris, Dito-A. M. Tarigan, and M. Dalil. "Air Monitoring and Pollution Mitigation System in Urban Areas Using IoT." Journal of Ocean, Mechanical and Aerospace -science and engineering- (JOMAse) 69, no. 1 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.36842/jomase.v69i1.371.
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Urban air monitoring and pollution mitigation systems are important efforts to maintain air quality in increasingly dense urban environments. This project aims to design and implement an Internet of Things (IoT)-based system that is capable of monitoring air quality and mitigating pollution automatically. This system used a Sharp GP2Y1010AU0F dust sensor to detect dust particles, a DHT22 sensor to measure temperature and humidity, and an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor to detect water levels in case of flooding. Additionally, it used the SG90 servo to automatically open and close the water valve, and 5V mini water pump to spray water from the underground tank, thereby reducing air pollution levels. The implementation of this system was carried out using plastic containers separated by plywood as a water storage medium and sensor installation. Data from sensors was sent to Blynk's IoT Platform for real-time monitoring. Apart from that, this system was also integrated with Telegram to provide notifications to residents if pollution levels worsen. Hence, they can immediately take preventative action by staying at home. Test results showed that the system was able to detect changes in air quality and water levels with precises accuracy. Apart from that, this system can also carry out pollution mitigation measures automatically by spraying water when pollution levels exceed a predetermined threshold. This project is expected to contribute to improving air quality in cities and can be widely implemented in various cities with high levels of pollution.
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Mataram, S., and R. Margaretha. "Disaster mitigation comics as a communication medium for youth regarding the impact of water pollution." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1314, no. 1 (2024): 012119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1314/1/012119.
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Abstract Water is an important natural resource in life, and its quality decreases in meeting human needs. This happens because human activities do not care about the environment, resulting in various disasters due to water pollution. This condition occurs in several countries, including Indonesia, with abundant water quantities at sea and on land. In education, preventive action in disaster mitigation efforts is needed, especially for teenagers, to instill knowledge and concern in the new generation. A media approach in the form of comics was used in this educational effort. The comic, a popular culture product, raised the theme of mitigating water pollution disasters and was created using a popular visual approach and digital platforms. The use of comic media has yet to produce a significant impact on mitigation actions. However, this effort has been able to generate enthusiasm from teenagers because the issue of concern for water pollution is conveyed using language that is understandable and interesting for them.
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Kim, Hyo-Jin, Jeong-In Chang, and Seung-Hoon Yoo. "Non-Market Valuation of Water Pollution Remediation and Disaster Risk Mitigation Functions: The Case of Nakdong River Estuary in South Korea." Sustainability 11, no. 3 (2019): 770. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11030770.
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The Nakdong river estuary in South Korea has two important functions: first, remediating water pollution from the Nakdong river; second, mitigating the risk of disaster caused by waves from the open sea. The two functions of the Nakdong river estuary have been continuously threatened due to constant development pressure. This short note tries to investigate the non-market value of the water pollution remediation and disaster risk mitigation functions. For this purpose, 1000 households throughout the country were randomly selected, and a choice experiment (CE) survey of them was implemented in September 2017. The two attributes considered here are water pollution remediation and disaster risk mitigation. An increase in the yearly income tax was also considered as an attribute. The results of applying the CE approach show that the non-market values of a 1%p increase in the water pollution remediation ability and a 1 m decrease in the wave height of the estuary are KRW 105 (USD 0.09) and KRW 501 (USD 0.44), respectively, per household per year. These figures can be used to establish and execute marine spatial planning for the estuary.
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Chen, Amanda. "Impact of Microplastic Pollution on Freshwater Ecosystems and Effective Mitigation Measures in Canada." European Journal of Physical Sciences 5, no. 2 (2023): 8–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/ejps.1442.
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Purpose: This study investigates the impact of microplastic pollution on freshwater ecosystems and effective mitigation measures in Canada.
 Methodology: The study adopted a desktop methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low-cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.
 Findings: The literature review and research findings demonstrate that microplastic pollution is significantly impacting freshwater ecosystems in Canada. Microplastics can accumulate in water, biota, and sediments, leading to water quality changes, ecological disruptions, and potential risks to human health. The study also highlights the ecological and societal impacts of microplastic pollution, such as changes in habitat structure, alterations in food webs, and potential health risks. Various mitigation measures, including source reduction, wastewater treatment, education and awareness, policy and regulatory measures, and ecosystem-based approaches, are effective in reducing microplastic pollution in freshwater environments.
 Recommendations: This study contributes to the understanding of microplastic pollution's impact on freshwater ecosystems and effective mitigation measures in Canada. The research advances knowledge in environmental science, freshwater ecology, and pollution management, providing insights into sources, pathways, and impacts of microplastic pollution in freshwater ecosystems, and the effectiveness of various mitigation measures. The findings have practical implications for policymakers, environmental managers, and stakeholders involved in freshwater management and pollution control, highlighting the need for interdisciplinary approaches, stakeholder engagement, and evidence-based policy and management strategies to mitigate the negative effects of microplastic pollution on freshwater ecosystems and safeguard their health and sustainability.
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Salam, FMA. "Environmental Pollution Caused by Tannery Industry in Hazaribagh, Bangladesh: A Review of Literature and Recommendations for Mitigation." NPIUB Journal of Business 01, no. 01 (2023): 09–14. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8125520.
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<em>The tannery industry in Hazaribagh, Bangladesh, has been a major source of environmental pollution for decades. The industry generates vast amounts of solid and liquid waste, which are disposed of irresponsibly, leading to pollution of soil, water, and air in the surrounding areas. This pollution not only poses serious health risks to workers in the industry and local residents but also harms the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. This paper provides a literature review of the environmental pollution caused by the tannery industry in Hazaribagh and identifies several mitigation strategies that can be implemented to reduce pollution. These strategies include adopting superior technologies that cause minimal pollution, investing in waste treatment facilities, proper disposal of solid waste, using water and chemicals in the correct quantities, and raising waste treatment plants. Implementing these strategies will help mitigate the environmental pollution caused by the tannery industry and improve the health and well-being of the people living and working in Hazaribagh.</em>
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Samsunlu, A., and L. Akça. "Coastal pollution and mitigation measures in Turkey." Water Science and Technology 39, no. 8 (1999): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0374.
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Turkey is a developing country where industrial and urban developments mostly occur in coastal areas. Besides the present pollution loads, newly developed tourist areas and industries, through increased input of wastes, further stress the coasts of Turkey. In this study, the state of sewerage systems, treatment plants and sea outfalls in Turkish coasts were investigated. The pollution problems should be considered differently from region to region. Development of coastal areas appeared to be partially tourist and partially industrial in nature. Because of this fact, problems from different coastal areas were discussed in different projects and solutions were recommended.
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Koushal, Sanjay, Devesh Arya, S. Anbarasan, et al. "Soil Pollution: Sources, Effects, and Mitigation Strategies." Asian Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 11, no. 1 (2025): 280–90. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajsspn/2025/v11i1480.
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Soil pollution is a growing global concern, directly affecting soil health, agriculture, ecosystems, and human health. It results from various anthropogenic and natural activities, leading to the contamination of soil with toxic chemicals, waste, and pathogens. Key sources of soil pollution include industrial activities, agricultural practices, urbanization, and improper waste disposal. Pollutants such as heavy metals, pesticides, plastics, and pathogens have severe effects on the soil ecosystem, reducing its fertility, biodiversity, and productivity. Furthermore, soil pollution poses significant health risks, such as food contamination and water pollution, and contributes to environmental degradation. This review discusses the sources of soil pollution, the types of pollutants, their impacts on soil and human health, and potential mitigation strategies, including preventive measures, bioremediation techniques, and soil restoration practices. The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for integrated efforts at local, national, and global levels to combat soil pollution for sustainable development.
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Barbeş, Lucica, and Alina Bărbulescu. "Statistical Assessment, Modeling, and Mitigation of Water and Soil Pollution." Toxics 10, no. 5 (2022): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics10050261.
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Long, Daniel L., and Randel L. Dymond. "Thermal Pollution Mitigation in Cold Water Stream Watersheds Using Bioretention." JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association 50, no. 4 (2013): 977–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jawr.12152.
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Qayoom, Imtiyaz, and Inain Jaies. "Phytoremediation potential of macrophytes against heavy metals, nitrates and phosphates: A review." Environment Conservation Journal 24, no. 1 (2023): 273–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.36953/ecj.12102318.
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Natural waters are degraded either by contaminants or pollutants. Contaminants are synthetic compounds which cause degradation of water quality, even when present in minute residues. They include pesticides, heavy metals, Poly Chlorinated Biphenyl’s, Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons, plastics etc. On the other hand, pollution precisely refers to the increase in nitrates and phosphates in water body. Aquatic macrophytes, besides their role in the food chains, play significant part in mitigating both pollutant and contaminant levels. Their uptake and sequestration of nitrates, phosphates and heavy metals is well documented and published in worldwide. This paper reviews the efficacy of different macrophytes in freshwater ecosystems for uptake of pollutants and contaminants. It will provide an insight for policy makers in efficient mitigation of pollution levels in the water body.
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Pooja ., Pooja. "Environmental Degradation: Causes, Impacts and Mitigation." Journal of Advances in Science and Technology 20, no. 1 (2024): 220–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.29070/94vmdz61.
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Degradation of the environment brought on by a variety of causes, including human activity, isknown as environmental degradation. Factors including deforestation, pollution, population growth, andclimate change are the causes of this deterioration. Wide-ranging effects of environmental degradationinclude biodiversity loss, air and water pollution, increased susceptibility to natural catastrophes, and harmto ecosystems, animals, and human well-being. It is essential to implement sustainable practices, lowergreenhouse gas emissions, preserve natural ecosystems, and support conservation initiatives in order tolessen these problems. In order to ensure the long-term health and survival of our planet and its people, wemust address environmental deterioration.
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Zamathula Queen Sikhakhane Nwokediegwu, Ejike David Ugwuanyi, Michael Ayorinde Dada, Michael Tega Majemite, and Alexander Obaigbena. "URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT: A REVIEW OF SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES IN THE USA." Engineering Science & Technology Journal 5, no. 2 (2024): 517–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.51594/estj.v5i2.829.
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This comprehensive review explores the landscape of Urban Water Management in the United States, focusing on sustainable practices aimed at addressing the challenges posed by rapid urbanization and climate change. With urban areas facing increasing water stress, this study aims to identify, analyze, and evaluate a range of sustainable practices implemented across the country. The review encompasses diverse aspects of Urban Water Management, including water efficiency measures, green infrastructure initiatives, climate change resilience strategies, and pollution mitigation efforts. In examining water efficiency measures, the study investigates technological innovations and policy frameworks that have contributed to optimizing water use in urban settings. Additionally, the role of green infrastructure is explored, emphasizing its benefits and applications through case studies of successful implementations, shedding light on how nature-based solutions can enhance water sustainability. The review delves into the critical dimension of climate change resilience in urban water systems, analyzing the impacts of climate change on water resources and exploring adaptation and mitigation strategies. Infrastructure improvements and integrated planning approaches are examined as essential components in building resilient urban water systems. Addressing pollution mitigation, the study focuses on stormwater management and wastewater treatment. Best management practices and regulatory measures are scrutinized to understand how urban areas are effectively managing and treating water to mitigate pollution and protect water quality. Furthermore, the review highlights the significance of integrated water resources management as a holistic approach to addressing water challenges in urban contexts. Stakeholder engagement and cross-sectoral coordination are emphasized as integral elements in implementing sustainable and comprehensive water management strategies. Through case studies of successful urban water management projects, the review extracts valuable lessons and insights for future implementations. The challenges and opportunities in the current landscape are explored, providing a nuanced understanding of the barriers to sustainable practices and identifying emerging opportunities. This review synthesizes key findings, implications, and recommendations for advancing sustainable urban water management practices in the United States. The insights generated contribute to the ongoing dialogue on effective water management strategies in the face of evolving urban and environmental dynamics.
 Keywords: Urban Water Management, Sustainable Practices, Water Efficiency, Climate Change, Resilience, United States, Pollution Mitigation, Water Infrastructure.
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Kharel, Aswasthama Bhakta. "Drowning in Contamination: The Hidden Perils and Solutions to Water Pollution in Nepal." HPE Forum 17, no. 1 (2025): 9–16. https://doi.org/10.3126/hpef.v17i1.76511.
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Water pollution in Nepal has emerged as a critical environmental and public health issue, driven by rapid industrialization, agricultural intensification, and unregulated urban expansion. This research analyzes the multifaceted problem of water pollution in Nepal, aiming to identify key pollution sources, evaluate their impacts, and propose actionable mitigation strategies. Employing a qualitative approach, the study relies on secondary data from government reports, academic literature, and reputable environmental organizations to provide a thorough analysis. The research identifies industrial discharge, agricultural runoff, and untreated domestic sewage as the primary contributors to water pollution. The consequences extend beyond environmental degradation, profoundly affecting human health through the proliferation of waterborne diseases, diminishing biodiversity, and disrupting aquatic ecosystems. Particularly, communities depending on contaminated water sources face significant socio-economic hardships, including health risks and loss of livelihood, highlighting the urgent need for effective intervention. The study emphasizes the necessity of a multi-pronged mitigation approach, advocating for enhanced regulatory frameworks, public education, and sustainable agricultural practices. It also highlights the potential benefits of advanced wastewater treatment technologies and community-driven water conservation initiatives. The findings reflect the immediate need for integrated policy reforms and grassroots engagement to combat water pollution, supporting Nepal’s broader goals of environmental sustainability and improved public health.
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Burnham, Jason P. "The Antimicrobial Resistance–Water–Corporate Interface: Exploring the Connections Between Antimicrobials, Water, and Pollution." Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 10, no. 4 (2025): 105. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed10040105.
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Antibiotic resistance is a public health emergency, with ten million deaths estimated annually by the year 2050. Water systems are an important medium for the development and dissemination of antibiotic resistance from a variety of sources, explored in this perspective review. Hospital wastewater and wastewater systems more broadly are breeding grounds for antibiotic resistance because of the nature of their waste and how it is processed. Corporations from various sectors contribute to antibiotic resistance in many direct and indirect ways. Pharmaceutical factory runoff, agricultural antibiotic use, agricultural use of nitrogen fertilizers, heavy metal pollution, air pollution (atmospheric deposition, burning of oil and/or fossil fuels), plastic/microplastic pollution, and oil/petroleum spills/pollution have all been demonstrated to contribute to antibiotic resistance. Mitigation strategies to reduce these pathways to antibiotic resistance are discussed and future directions hypothesized.
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Bouraoui, Fayçal, and Bruna Grizzetti. "Modelling mitigation options to reduce diffuse nitrogen water pollution from agriculture." Science of The Total Environment 468-469 (January 2014): 1267–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.07.066.
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Tripathy, Ashutosh, Ram Dev More, Sandeep Gupta, Jastin Samuel, Joginder Singh, and Ram Prasad. "Present and Future Prospect of Algae: A Potential Candidate for Sustainable Pollution Mitigation." Open Biotechnology Journal 15, no. 1 (2021): 142–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874070702115010142.
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Pollution control and mitigation are critical to protect the ecosystem and make everyone's life safer and healthier. Different pollution mitigation strategies and measures are implemented to remove pollutants, which broadly involve physical, chemical, and biological methods. Biological methods are found to be more sustainable, effective, and eco-friendlier than the other two methods. These methods mainly use microbes like bacteria, fungi, algae, and plants, and their products like enzymes and metabolic products to remove pollutants. Due to their unique photosynthetic ability and simple growth requirements, Algae can be grown using simpler components like CO2, sunlight, and media, making them a potential candidate to be used as a pollution mitigator. Algae can indicate and remove pollutants like CO2, SO2, NO2, and particulate matter from the air; these pollutants and particulate matter are either used for their growth or these are accumulated inside them.. Algal species have shown the efficient removal of heavy metals, organic pollutants, explosives, petroleum contaminants, pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and plastics from different water sources. There is a lot of scope in using algae to remove organic and inorganic pollutants in wastewater treatment plants. Algae hold great potential to remove radioactive pollutants from natural resources and involve removal mechanisms like biosorption and bioaccumulation. Algae can be used with different adsorbent materials to develop adsorption systems for the adsorption of radionuclides and heavy metals. This review elucidates different algal species, their cultural conditions, the removal efficiency of different types of pollutants from the air, water, soil, and their role in genetic engineering and the algae's potential for waste mitigation.
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Dinesha, B. L., H. Sharanagouda, N. Udaykumar, C. T. Ramachandr, and Anil B. Dandekar. "Removal of Pollutants from Water/Waste Water Using Nano-Adsorbents: A Potential Pollution Mitigation." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 6, no. 10 (2017): 4868–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.610.455.
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Volgare, Michela, Roberto Avolio, Rachele Castaldo, et al. "Microfiber Contamination in Potable Water: Detection and Mitigation Using a Filtering Device." Microplastics 1, no. 3 (2022): 322–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microplastics1030024.
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In recent years, microfibers released from synthetic fabrics have been identified as the main contributor to primary microplastic pollution. These pollutants have been detected in several products for human consumption. This work aims to evaluate the efficiency of a specific device used with the purpose to monitor and reduce this anthropogenic pollution in potable water. The device was tested using potable water from several cities in Slovenia by mounting the device containing the porous membrane directly to the faucet in private and public buildings. The results highlight the effectiveness of the applied device in removing natural and synthetic microfibers from tap water and confirm the abundance of microfibers as a contaminant of potable water.
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Merrilees, D., and A. Duncan. "Review of attitudes and awareness in the agricultural industry to diffuse pollution issues." Water Science and Technology 51, no. 3-4 (2005): 373–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0612.
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The Scottish Executive considers ‘Diffuse Pollution from Agricultural Enterprises’ as a priority issue over the next 5-10 years and recognises the need to improve knowledge transfer, advice and training amongst farmers, crofters, contractors and advisers. The Scottish Environment Protection Agency commissioned SAC to survey advisory staff on diffuse pollution issues, mitigation measures and delivery of environmental advice to the farming industry. This showed that the impact of agricultural diffuse pollution on the environment is considered a serious problem as is the future impact of legislation on farm business. There is an urgent requirement to raise advisers' awareness of environmental legislation and of mitigation measures. Advisers consider that farmers have limited awareness of diffuse pollution problems but those that do would consider the impact on the environment to be serious. There is a lack of knowledge on the effectiveness of pollution mitigation measures. Better technical information, supported by research, is required. This information is best conveyed to advisers via the internet, technical notes and directly by environmental specialists and delivered on to farmers by farm visits. Lack of funds prevents most farmers adopting best management practices and more than 80% of advisers consider that environmental advice should be free.
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Jinadasa, K. B. S. N., S. K. Weragoda, E. Valencia, S. T. V. Sim, and W. J. Ng. "Community engagement and pollution mitigation at Kandy Lake, Sri Lanka." Water Practice and Technology 14, no. 1 (2018): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2018.109.
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Abstract Kandy City is a UNESCO world heritage site. Being the second largest city in Sri Lanka and host to the annual Esala Perahara festival, it has a floating population two to three times its 120,000 permanent residents. Among the city's key landmarks is Kandy Lake, a culturally, environmentally, and economically significant ornamental lake. Nevertheless, inadequate urban development regulation has resulted in serious pollution of the lake. An integrated remedial measure was needed to improve the urban lake's water quality sustainably, for the Kandy community and their cultural heritage. A project was initiated by the University of Peradeniya (UOP), Sri Lanka, and the Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute (NEWRI), Singapore. It started with modelling of Kandy Lake and community surveys, demonstrated implementation of wastewater management technologies (floating wetlands and an aerobic sequencing batch reactor (SBR)), and initiated community outreach with schools. The project also involved local authorities and government agencies in Kandy, and provided an informal cooperation platform. After project handover on July 10, 2014, further developments were observed in Kandy, including implementation of sewerage and centralised wastewater treatment, rehabilitation of Kandy Lake and the Mid-Canal, and integration of Kandy Lake into the city's development plan and regulations.
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Hassan, Najmaldin Ezaldin, and Sonia Khalil. "THERMAL POLLUTION AND ITS IMPACTS ON HUMAN HEALTH: A REVIEW." International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering Review 05, no. 06 (2024): 01–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.52267/ijaser.2024.5601.
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Thermal pollution, primarily caused by industrial discharges and power plants, significantly impacts both environmental and human health. This review explores the sources, ecological consequences, and emerging concerns regarding human health linked to thermal pollution. Power plants, particularly nuclear and coal-fired, release heated water into natural bodies, disrupting aquatic ecosystems by altering species composition, increasing metabolic rates, and reducing dissolved oxygen levels, which are vital for aquatic life. Urbanization, stormwater runoff, and deforestation exacerbate this issue by increasing surface temperatures and contributing to the degradation of aquatic habitats. Furthermore, climate change intensifies thermal pollution, compounding its environmental effects. This review also investigates the lesser-explored human health implications of thermal pollution, particularly through the contamination of water supplies and disruption of aquatic resources. While much research focuses on ecological impacts, there is a growing need for studies addressing how thermal pollution indirectly affects human populations, such as through compromised food chains and degraded water quality. Mitigation strategies, including cooling towers, green infrastructure, and riparian buffer restoration, offer potential solutions. However, the review highlights significant gaps in understanding the full scope of thermal pollution’s effects on human health and emphasizes the need for future interdisciplinary research to bridge these gaps.
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Harbi, Muna R., Hala Ahmed Rasheed, Hala A. Abed, and Osama Akram Mohsein. "The Role of Remote Sensing in Assessing and Mitigating Environmental Pollution: A Narrative Review." European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences 2, no. 5 (2024): 268–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.59324/ejtas.2024.2(5).27.
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This narrative review explores the pivotal role of remote sensing technologies in assessing and mitigating environmental pollution. Remote sensing, through satellites and aerial sensors, provides comprehensive, real-time data on various environmental parameters, including air and water quality, land use, and vegetation health. This review highlights how these technologies facilitate the monitoring of pollutants, track changes over time, and support spatial analyses that are crucial for understanding pollution dynamics. By integrating remote sensing data with environmental models, researchers and policymakers can identify pollution sources, evaluate the effectiveness of mitigation strategies, and predict future trends. The review also discusses advancements in sensor technology and data processing, which enhance the accuracy and scope of environmental assessments. Ultimately, remote sensing proves to be an indispensable tool in the fight against environmental pollution, offering valuable insights that drive informed decision-making and sustainable practices.
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Muna, R. Harbi, Ahmed Rasheed Hala, A. Abed Hala, and Akram Mohsein Osama. "The Role of Remote Sensing in Assessing and Mitigating Environmental Pollution: A Narrative Review." European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences 2, no. 5 (2024): 268–78. https://doi.org/10.59324/ejtas.2024.2(5).27.
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This narrative review explores the pivotal role of remote sensing technologies in assessing and mitigating environmental pollution. Remote sensing, through satellites and aerial sensors, provides comprehensive, real-time data on various environmental parameters, including air and water quality, land use, and vegetation health. This review highlights how these technologies facilitate the monitoring of pollutants, track changes over time, and support spatial analyses that are crucial for understanding pollution dynamics. By integrating remote sensing data with environmental models, researchers and policymakers can identify pollution sources, evaluate the effectiveness of mitigation strategies, and predict future trends. The review also discusses advancements in sensor technology and data processing, which enhance the accuracy and scope of environmental assessments. Ultimately, remote sensing proves to be an indispensable tool in the fight against environmental pollution, offering valuable insights that drive informed decision-making and sustainable practices.
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Ali Mohamed Baba, Dr Faisal. "Water Pollution: Causes, Impacts, and Solutions: a critical review." مجلة العلوم والدراسات الإنسانية - كلية الآداب والعلوم – المرج, no. 76 (June 14, 2024): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37376/jsh.vi76.5785.
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Water pollution is a pressing environmental issue that requires effective policy and governance frameworks to address its impacts. This paper examines the role of policy and governance in controlling water pollution, including legislation, regulations, integrated water management, stakeholder engagement, economic instruments, monitoring and reporting, international cooperation, and capacity building. It highlights the importance of robust governance mechanisms to ensure the protection and sustainable management of water resources. Water pollution poses significant threats to ecosystems and human health. This paper explores various mitigation strategies and solutions to address water pollution. It discusses source control and pollution prevention, wastewater treatment, stormwater management, agricultural best practices, wetland restoration, and conservation, education and awareness, strengthening regulations and enforcement, and international cooperation. Implementing these solutions can help minimize pollution and safeguard water quality. Environmental impact assessments (EIAs) play a crucial role in evaluating the potential environmental consequences of projects and activities, including water pollution. This paper examines the inclusion of water pollution considerations in EIAs, including the assessment of pollution sources, water quality monitoring, impact on aquatic ecosystems, human health considerations, mitigation and management measures, compliance with regulations, and the importance of addressing water pollution in the EIA process. This paper presents case studies and examples of water pollution incidents from around the world. It highlights various sources and causes of water pollution, including industrial discharges, agricultural runoff, sewage, and chemical spills. The case studies illustrate the environmental, economic, and social impacts of water pollution and emphasize the need for effective pollution control measures and preventive actions. Contamination of drinking water sources poses significant risks to public health. This paper explores the various contaminants that can infiltrate drinking water supplies, including pathogens, chemical pollutants, heavy metals, and emerging contaminants. It discusses the health risks associated with contaminated drinking water, such as waterborne diseases and chronic health effects. The paper emphasizes the importance of ensuring safe and clean drinking water through robust water treatment and monitoring systems. Water pollution has wide-ranging impacts on ecosystems and human populations. This paper examines the ecological, economic, and social consequences of water pollution. It discusses the degradation of aquatic habitats, loss of biodiversity, disruption of ecological processes, economic costs of pollution control and remediation, and the social implications of compromised water quality. The paper emphasizes the need for comprehensive strategies to mitigate the impacts of water pollution. Water pollution is caused by various factors and activities. This paper explores the primary causes of water pollution, including industrial discharges, agricultural practices, improper waste management, urban runoff, and natural processes. It discusses the release of pollutants such as chemicals, nutrients, sediments, and pathogens into water bodies and their impacts on water quality and ecosystems. Water pollution is a critical environmental issue that requires urgent attention. This paper highlights the importance of addressing water pollution by discussing its impacts on ecosystems, human health, and the economy. It emphasizes the need for collective efforts, including policy interventions, pollution prevention measures, and sustainable water management practices. The paper underlines that safeguarding water resources is crucial for the well-being and sustainability of current and future generations.
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Dzwairo, B., and F. A. O. Otieno. "Chemical pollution assessment and prioritisation model for the Upper and Middle Vaal water management areas of South Africa." Journal of Water and Health 12, no. 4 (2014): 803–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2014.017.
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A chemical pollution assessment and prioritisation model was developed for the Upper and Middle Vaal water management areas of South Africa in order to provide a simple and practical Pollution Index to assist with mitigation and rehabilitation activities. Historical data for 2003 to 2008 from 21 river sites were cubic-interpolated to daily values. Nine parameters were considered for this purpose, that is, ammonium, chloride, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen, pH, fluoride, nitrate, phosphate and sulphate. Parameter selection was based on sub-catchment pollution characteristics and availability of a consistent data range, against a harmonised guideline which provided five classes. Classes 1, 2, 3 and 4 used ideal catchment background values for Vaal Dam, Vaal Barrage, Blesbokspruit/Suikerbosrant and Klip Rivers, respectively. Class 5 represented values which fell above those for Klip River. The Pollution Index, as provided by the model, identified pollution prioritisation monitoring points on Rietspruit-W:K2, Natalspruit:K12, Blesbokspruit:B1, Rietspruit-L:R1/R2, Taaibosspruit:T1 and Leeuspruit:L1. Pre-classification indicated that pollution sources were domestic, industrial and mine effluent. It was concluded that rehabilitation and mitigation measures should prioritise points with high classes. Ability of the model to perform simple scenario building and analysis was considered to be an effective tool for acid mine drainage pollution assessment.
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Mamba, Gcina, and Ajay Mishra. "Advances in Magnetically Separable Photocatalysts: Smart, Recyclable Materials for Water Pollution Mitigation." Catalysts 6, no. 6 (2016): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal6060079.
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Rekolainen, S., M. Posch, and E. Turtola. "Mitigation of Agricultural Water Pollution in Finland: An Evaluation of Management Practices." Water Science and Technology 28, no. 3-5 (1993): 529–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0456.
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This paper summarizes the results of recent studies concerning the agricultural nutrient load to surface waters in Finland and possible management practices for reducing nutrient losses from agricultural land. Both the nitrogen and the phosphorus load exceed the loads from municipal and industrial sources together, thus being mainly responsible for the eutrophication of surface and coastal waters. 25% of the total agricultural phosphorus load is bioavailable dissolved reactive phosphorus, and 5% of the paniculate phosphorus load is available for algae. Reduced tillage, filter strips and permanent grassland on the set-aside land are means investigated for reducing erosion and nutrient losses. Based on experiments and model simulations, it is estimated that a wide adoption of all these practices would reduce total phosphorus load by about 40%. Soluble phosphorus and nitrogen losses can be reduced by adjusting the amount and timing of fertilization and manure application to the actual needs of plants. If the whole set-aside area was under permanent grassland, the nitrogen loss would decrease by about 17%, but the effect of cover or undersown crops in Finnish conditions is still unknown. More investigations are also needed of the effects of all these management practices on the soluble phosphorus load.
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PRAJAPAT, GARIMA, and PRAVEEN PUROHIT. "MITIGATION OF METAL ION POLLUTION FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER USING WASTE WOOL." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 22 (January 2013): 619–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194513010751.
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A study on the adsorption of copper (II) ions from the aqueous solution on waste wool had been carried out to analyze the adsorption capacity of waste wool, thereby aiming towards mitigation of metal ion pollution in industrial waste water. The effect of varying concentration of copper ions and varying time period, was studied on fixed weight of waste wool. The initial and final concentration of copper ions was measured by conductometric and spectrophotometric methods. Adsorption data were modeled with the langmuir and freundlich adsorption isotherms. The isotherm and first order equation were found to be applicable. Removal of metal ions using industrial waste wool is found to be favourable. Thus the work can be extended to study various physico-chemical parameters for removal of copper (II) ions from industrial effluents using waste wool. A later work can be involved where the waste wool adsorption parameter can be further utilized for composite ceramic products.
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Vinten, A. J. A., J. Potts, L. Avery, and N. J. C. Strachan. "Microbial pollution of water by livestock: approaches to risk assessment and mitigation." Animal 3, no. 5 (2009): 744–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1751731109004005.
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Binoy, Vineeth. "IOT Water Pollution Monitoring RC Boat." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 03 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem41963.
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Water pollution has emerged as a critical environmental issue, posing serious threats to aquatic ecosystems, human health, and economic stability. The presence of pollutants in water sources affects biodiversity, contributes to the spread of waterborne diseases, and disrupts industrial and agricultural operations. Traditional water quality monitoring methods rely on manual sampling and laboratory analysis, which are time-consuming, labor- intensive, and often ineffective in providing real-time insights. This paper presents a cutting-edge Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled remote-controlled (RC) boat system, specifically designed to facilitate real-time water pollution monitoring. The proposed system integrates an ESP32 microcontroller with a suite of water quality sensors, including pH, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), and temperature sensors. A GPS module is incorporated to provide precise location tracking, allowing for efficient mapping of pollution hotspots. Additionally, an ESP32 CAM module is used to offer live visual monitoring of water conditions. Data collected by the boat is transmitted wirelessly to a cloud- based platform, ensuring remote access and continuous monitoring. The system aims to provide a cost-effective, scalable, and autonomous solution for large-scale environmental monitoring, improving the efficiency of pollution detection and mitigation strategies. This paper elaborates on the complete design, implementation, performance analysis, and potential applications of this innovative water monitoring system. Key Words: IoT, Water Pollution , Remote - Controlled Boat, Real-Time Monitoring , Sensor- Based Analysis, Environmental Sustainability,
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Kronvang, Brian, Frank Wendland, Karel Kovar, and Dico Fraters. "Land Use and Water Quality." Water 12, no. 9 (2020): 2412. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12092412.
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The interaction between land use and water quality is of great importance worldwide as agriculture has been proven to exert a huge pressure on the quality of groundwater and surface waters due to excess losses of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorous) through leaching and erosion processes. These losses result in, inter alia, high nitrate concentrations in groundwater and eutrophication of rivers, lakes and coastal waters. Combatting especially non-point losses of nutrients has been a hot topic for river basin managers worldwide, and new important mitigation measures to reduce the input of nutrients into groundwater and surface waters at the pollution source have been developed and implemented in many countries. This Special Issue of the Land use and Water Quality conference series (LuWQ) includes a total of 11 papers covering topics such as: (i) nitrogen surplus; (ii) protection of groundwater from pollution; (iii) nutrient sources of pollution and dynamics in catchments and (iv) new technologies for monitoring, mapping and analysing water quality.
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Victorien Bienvenu, Abanda Well, and Martha Eneke Munongo. "Mitigation of eutrophication from agricultural runoff: the case of the agricultural region of Moungo in Cameroon." International Journal of Hydrology 7, no. 2 (2023): 78–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/ijh.2023.07.00342.
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Eutrophication is one of the harmful phenomena which affects continental water (rivers, lakes, springs, etc.) due to the injection of N and P. If it is easy to manage point source pollution, non-point source pollution still represents a challenge. Management practices such as tillage technics, fertilizer management, and wetlands appear as solutions to remove N and P from runoff water.
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Gupta, Akhilendra B., Renu Jain, and Kapil Gupta. "Water quality management for the Talkatora Lake, Jaipur – a case study." Water Science and Technology 40, no. 2 (1999): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0078.
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This paper describes the field-based research study undertaken to quantify the pollution, identify the sources of pollution and draw up a plan of action to restore the water quality of the Talkatora Lake located in Jaipur City, capital of Rajasthan State. Laboratory analysis of water samples at different time periods and a mass balance of the lake waters showed that the first flush of stormwater from the adjoining residential and commercial areas was a major cause of pollution in the lake. An integrated waste management strategy to limit the pollution discharged to this lake to enable self-purification was recommended. The mitigation measures were partially implemented and the results of a rapid assessment of the subsequent lake water quality are also reported.
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Reza, Md Sumon, Shammya Afroze, Kairat Kuterbekov, et al. "Advanced Applications of Carbonaceous Materials in Sustainable Water Treatment, Energy Storage, and CO2 Capture: A Comprehensive Review." Sustainability 15, no. 11 (2023): 8815. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15118815.
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The demand for energy has increased tremendously around the whole world due to rapid urbanization and booming industrialization. Energy is the major key to achieving an improved social life, but energy production and utilization processes are the main contributors to environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Mitigation of the energy crisis and reduction in pollution (water and air) difficulties are the leading research topics nowadays. Carbonaceous materials offer some of the best solutions to minimize these problems in an easy and effective way. It is also advantageous that the sources of carbon-based materials are economical, the synthesis processes are comfortable, and the applications are environmentally friendly. Among carbonaceous materials, activated carbons, graphene, and carbon nanotubes have shown outstanding performance in mitigating the energy crisis and environmental pollution. These three carbonaceous materials exhibit unique adsorption properties for energy storage, water purification, and gas cleansing due to their outstanding electrical conductivity, large specific surface areas, and strong mechanical strength. This paper reviews the synthesis methods for activated carbons, carbon nanotubes, and graphene and their significant applications in energy storage, water treatment, and carbon dioxide gas capture to improve environmental sustainability.
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Asefon, Temitope. "Mitigating Water Pollution through Synergistic Chemical and Ecological Approaches." Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International 29, no. 1 (2025): 79–88. https://doi.org/10.9734/jgeesi/2025/v29i1857.
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Aim: This review explores advanced strategies of water contamination mitigation by integrated chemical and ecological solutions, assessing their efficiency in surface and groundwater treatment of harmful pollutants such as bromides and chlorides. The study aims to assess the value of these integrated approaches and their potentials to ensuring water quality improvement and increased protection of public health. Study Design: This study involves a review of literature on combined chemical treatment and ecological methods of water body contamination that takes into account the period from 2019 through 2024. The literature shows the efficacy and limitations of the integrated strategy in various environmental perspectives. Methodology: The research was based on a comprehensive literature review from databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. It focused on those studies that assessed the application of chemical methods like advanced oxidation processes and nanomaterials along with ecological solutions such as constructed wetlands and phytoremediation. Results: This review identified 12 relevant studies concerning the successful integration of chemical and ecological strategies in mitigating water contamination. This study points to some of the key findings which include the synergy between the chemical methods, advanced oxidation processes for fast contaminant degradation, and ecological solutions such as phytoremediation, which ensures the long-term sustainability of such approach. These integrated systems have been efficient in treating pollutants like bromides, chlorides, and heavy metals, besides observing remarkable improvements in water quality. Conclusions: Integrated chemical and ecological approaches are highly effective in addressing water contamination challenges. These strategies not only provide immediate improvements in water quality but also offer long-term environmental sustainability. However, issues such as cost, scalability, and the need for specialized monitoring systems remain significant challenges. Further research is needed to optimize these systems and to explore their applicability in varying geographical and economic contexts.
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Troldborg, Mads, Zisis Gagkas, Andy Vinten, Allan Lilly, and Miriam Glendell. "Probabilistic modelling of the inherent field-level pesticide pollution risk in a small drinking water catchment using spatial Bayesian belief networks." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 26, no. 5 (2022): 1261–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-1261-2022.
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Abstract. Pesticides are contaminants of priority concern that continue to present a significant risk to drinking water quality. While pollution mitigation in catchment systems is considered a cost-effective alternative to costly drinking water treatment, the effectiveness of pollution mitigation measures is uncertain and needs to be able to consider local biophysical, agronomic, and social aspects. We developed a probabilistic decision support tool (DST) based on spatial Bayesian belief networks (BBNs) that simulates inherent pesticide leaching risk to ground- and surface water quality to inform field-level pesticide mitigation strategies in a small (3.1 km2) drinking water catchment with limited observational data. The DST accounts for the spatial heterogeneity in soil properties, topographic connectivity, and agronomic practices; the temporal variability of climatic and hydrological processes; and uncertainties related to pesticide properties and the effectiveness of management interventions. The rate of pesticide loss via overland flow and leaching to groundwater and the resulting risk of exceeding a regulatory threshold for drinking water was simulated for five active ingredients. Risk factors included climate and hydrology (e.g. temperature, rainfall, evapotranspiration, and overland and subsurface flow), soil properties (e.g. texture, organic matter content, and hydrological properties), topography (e.g. slope and distance to surface water/depth to groundwater), land cover and agronomic practices, and pesticide properties and usage. The effectiveness of mitigation measures such as the delayed timing of pesticide application; a 10 %, 25 %, or 50 % reduction in the application rate; field buffers; and the presence/absence of soil pan on risk reduction were evaluated. Sensitivity analysis identified the month of application, the land use, the presence of buffers, the field slope, and the distance as the most important risk factors, alongside several additional influential variables. The pesticide pollution risk from surface water runoff showed clear spatial variability across the study catchment, whereas the groundwater leaching risk was uniformly low, with the exception of prosulfocarb. Combined interventions of a 50 % reduced pesticide application rate, management of the plough pan, delayed application timing, and field buffer installation notably reduced the probability of a high risk of overland runoff and groundwater leaching, with individual measures having a smaller impact. The graphical nature of BBNs facilitated interactive model development and evaluation with stakeholders to build model credibility, while the ability to integrate diverse data sources allowed a dynamic field-scale assessment of “critical source areas” of pesticide pollution in time and space in a data-scarce catchment, with explicit representation of uncertainties.
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Wahyudi, Wahyudi, Rozirwan Rozirwan, and Wike Ayu Eka Putri. "Heavy Metal Pb, Cu, and Cd Pollution in Water and Sediment Due to Anthropogenic Activities Along the Musi River, South Sumatra." Jurnal Penelitian Sains 27, no. 1 (2025): 1. https://doi.org/10.56064/jps.v27i1.1168.
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Human activities along river flows can increase the potential for heavy metal pollution, which risks reducing water quality, polluting sediments, and threatening the sustainability of aquatic ecosystems. This research aims to evaluate the distribution of heavy metal pollution in water and sediment in the Musi River, which is affected by various anthropogenic activities. Samples for heavy metal analysis were collected from four clusters of observation locations. The heavy metal parameters tested included Cd, Cu, and Pb, which were analyzed using the wet digestion method and measured with an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The resulting heavy metal contaminations in sediment were much higher than in water, with Pb having the highest concentration in both matrices. Pb concentrations in sediment ranged from 11.845 to 15.301 mg/kg, while in water they ranged from 0.0791 to 0.0801 mg/L. Cu has more varied concentrations, with the highest value in Cluster 4 sediment of 9.518 mg/kg and water of 0.0160 mg/L. Meanwhile, Cd has a low but significant concentration, with values in sediment ranging from 0.130 to 0.315 mg/kg and in water from 0.0084 to 0.0101 mg/L. This heavy metal pollution shows that sediment functions as the main reservoir for heavy metals due to bioadsorption and precipitation processes from the water column. The implications of these results emphasize the importance of regular environmental monitoring and mitigation of pollution sources to prevent further impacts on the stability of coastal ecosystem.
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Koue, Jinichi. "Analysis of the Effects of Differently Shaped Embankments on the Density Current." Water 16, no. 23 (2024): 3369. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16233369.
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Density currents, fluid flows driven by differences in density, play a crucial role in disaster prevention for water pollution and tsunami mitigation, particularly due to thermal releases from power plants. Understanding their dynamics is pivotal for effective mitigation strategies. While the influence of seabed and lake bottom topography on density currents is well-studied, research on how embankment shapes affect these currents has been limited. This study aimed to fill this gap by experimentally and numerically analyzing the flow dynamics of density currents using various embankment shapes in a controlled water tank environment. The findings revealed distinct variations in density perturbation across different embankment shapes. Specifically, density currents exhibited reduced head velocities in embankments shaped as right-angled triangles, rectangles, and L-shapes, in that sequential order. This research underscores the significance of embankment design in modifying density currents, offering valuable insights for optimizing disaster management strategies related to water pollution and tsunami hazards induced by thermal effluents from industrial sources.
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Mizan, A., FT Zohra, S. Ahmed, M. Nurnabi, and MZ Alam. "Low cost adsorbent for mitigation of water pollution caused by tannery effluents at Hazaribagh." Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 51, no. 3 (2016): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v51i3.29433.
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Tanneries at Hazaribagh use a large number of chemicals during processing and discharge their effluents to the river Buriganga without appropriate treatment and aggravate its pollution level. This study focuses on a plausible way for the abatement of pollution level of Buriganga river water using low cost adsorbent. Activated carbon prepared from coconut shell was used as a low cost adsorbent. The samples were collected from three different points of the river at three different layers from the surface of water. The collected samples were passed through the activated carbon and a remarkable amount of pollutants were found to be adsorbed. TSS, TDS, BOD5, COD and chromic oxide content of polluted water were reduced significantly.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 51(3), 215-220, 2016
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Ma, Ting, Na Zhao, Yong Ni, et al. "China’s improving inland surface water quality since 2003." Science Advances 6, no. 1 (2020): eaau3798. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau3798.
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Increased human activity threatens inland water quality in China. Major efforts have been made to alleviate water pollution since 2001. Understanding how water quality responds to these forces can help to guide future efforts to maintain water security and sustainability. We here analyzed the nationwide variability of inland water quality across China from 2003 to 2017 and its responses to anthropogenic discharges. We show that water quality has been improved markedly or was maintained at favorable levels over the country because of reduced discharges in the industrial, rural, and urban residential sectors. However, growing discharges from the agricultural sector threaten these gains. Moreover, the present status of water pollution is relatively severe in north and northeast China. Our findings suggest that China’s water quality would further benefit from more flexible strategies for mitigation measures, which respond to regional differences in the factors that influence water pollution levels in specific regions.
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Filipovic, Dejan, Danijela Obradovic, and Velimir Secerov. "Analysis and evaluation of water quality in the Municipality of Kladovo and mitigation measures: The basis of integral environmental protection." Glasnik Srpskog geografskog drustva 86, no. 2 (2006): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsgd0602075f.
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The characteristics of existing environmental conditions are basis for any kind of further environmental investigation in certain area. Special attention must be dedicated to the problem of water pollution and their protection, in view of water as one of the most valuable recourse in this area. This paper analyses existing water conditions in the Municipality of Kladovo and proposes mitigation measures.
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IBABA, IBABA S., ELLIOT A. SIBIRI, and INNOCENT B. BARIKOR. "TRADITIONAL SYSTEMS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION IN BAYELSA STATE." WILBERFORCE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES, no. 1 (October 10, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.36108/wjss/9102.sp.0110.
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This paper examined the linkage between traditional systems of environmental protection and climate change mitigation/adaptation in Bayelsa State. Based on a desk study, the paper interrogated some existing traditional/indigenous knowledge on environmental conservation and concluded that they contribute to climate change mitigation and adaptation. The paper notes that although the environmental practices were not purposely designed to deal with climate change, practices that controlled timber lumbering and pollution of water bodies, and also promoted land conservation, are in sync with modern strategies and methods of climate change mitigation and adaptation.
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Oyebode, O. J., and F. Paul. "Flood Mitigation and Pollution Abatement in Kaduna Metropolis Through Engineering Assessment and Analytical Hierarchy Process Design." Nature Environment and Pollution Technology 22, no. 2 (2023): 789–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.46488/nept.2023.v22i02.021.
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Pollution abatement and flood control activities require effective water resource planning, engineering assessment, sophisticated technology, and appropriate hydraulic structure designs. This paper x-rays flood mitigation and pollution abatement strategies that can be adopted in the Kaduna metropolis in Nigeria. Analytical hierarchy process of design, questionnaires, engineering assessment approach, and standard method for estimation of the runoff discharge was adopted for this research. Estimating water balance components and QSWAT Hydrological Model can be used with the QGIS interface for a greener environment. Suitable hydraulic systems were designed for long-term flood control in the River Kaduna catchment area through an analytic hierarchy Process. Statistical analysis, manning equations, and rational methods were utilized for adequate assessment and planning. The hydraulic discharge capacity of culverts, open channels, and other hydraulic structures was carefully checked. Flooding greatly impacts infrastructural development, and inadequate drainage systems contribute to it. Mitigation strategies, adequate water resource planning, and management will greatly benefit from addressing flood-related issues in the study area. This research provides information on the flood vulnerability of infrastructures and mitigation strategies that can be adopted in the study area. Viable policies and management strategies can be utilized to avert losses traceable to floods in developing and developed countries.
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Manoj, Kumar, and Pratap Padhy. "Discourse and Review of Environmental Quality of River Bodies in India: An Appraisal of Physico-chemical and Biological Parameters as Indicators of Water Quality." Current World Environment 10, no. 2 (2015): 537–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.10.2.20.
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The present manuscript is an account of the studies conducted on some well known surface water bodies in India, with special emphasis on the river systems, to evaluate their quality status. The review covers the water quality estimation and identification of sources contributing to water quality deterioration. Commonly employed physicochemical and biological parameters as indicators of water quality have been thoroughly discussed. Some possible measures to prevent and control pollution of water bodies have also been provided. The review also covers assessment of bed sediment environment of the surface water bodies. Many studies are available on quality assessment of surface waters and their bed sediments. However, currently, there is no literature available which compiles the works on some recent assessment of water bodies, commonly applied water quality indicators in research programmes, sources of pollution and possible pollution mitigation measures. This review is the first such attempt in this direction.
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Ma, Nian, and Yongxin Xu. "Water Environmental Risks Encountered during Urbanization in Valley Areas and the Potential Mitigation Effects of Utilizing Reclaimed Water." Sustainability 16, no. 17 (2024): 7573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16177573.
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Since urbanization poses risks to regional environments, assessing and mitigating these risks is a challenge inherent to the urbanization process. The present study employs an adapted methodology based on the water environmental capacity (WEC) to assess the risks associated with the water environment in an urbanizing area located in a valley of the Chongqing municipality in Southwestern China, with a particular emphasis on its representative regional river. By utilizing hydrological data and planned parameters specific to this region, this study estimates the spatial and temporal distribution of the WEC and pollution loads in the river under various urbanization scenarios. It also explores the potential of the utilization of reclaimed water to mitigate these water environmental risks. The results indicate that the extent of urbanization exerts significant influences on the water environment and, therefore, requires meticulous planning. Areas experiencing higher levels of urbanization in the middle reaches of the river are associated with greater environmental risks compared to those observed in the lower reaches, while minimal risk is observed in the headwater. Due to the pollution loads brought about by precipitation, there is a higher level of environmental risk during the wet season (May–October) compared to the dry season. Utilizing reclaimed water can effectively reduce the pollution loads discharged into the river and is the most efficient means of mitigating environmental risks. To effectively manage environmental risks during urbanization in this valley area, further studies should prioritize examining the correlation between the scale of urban expansion and the river’s environmental carrying capacity. Additionally, it is imperative to establish realistic targets for the river water’s quality and discharge standards for the effluent from wastewater treatment plants. Furthermore, it is crucial to determine an appropriate level of utilization of reclaimed water and delve into the mechanisms behind the method used to assess the water environmental capacity. Despite these challenges, analyzing the spatial and temporal distribution of risk during urbanization and evaluating the mitigative effect of utilizing reclaimed water based on adapted assessments of the water environmental capacity hold reference value for the formulation of environmental management strategies and environmental planning. There is significant potential for this approach to have various applications.
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Zhang, Kefeng, Peter M. Bach, John Mathios, Cintia B. S. Dotto, and Ana Deletic. "Quantifying the benefits of stormwater harvesting for pollution mitigation." Water Research 171 (March 2020): 115395. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2019.115395.
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Hutagaol, Meilinasari Nurhasanah, and Ferro Hidayah. "Sustainable bioremediation techniques for mitigating marine pollution in maritime operations." JPBI (Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Indonesia) 11, no. 1 (2025): 179–85. https://doi.org/10.22219/jpbi.v11i1.39484.
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Marine pollution from oil spills, vessel discharges, and ballast water poses significant challenges to environmental sustainability and maritime operations. This research explores the potential of bioremediation techniques, focusing on oil-degrading microorganisms, biofilters, bioreactors, and marine plants, to address these issues. By integrating biological and environmental engineering, the study evaluates the effectiveness and adaptability of these methods for maritime applications. Using a qualitative methodology, data were collected through interviews with 13 maritime professionals, 24 educators, and 33 graduates, supplemented by thematic analysis and technical evaluations. The findings highlight the high effectiveness of oil-degrading microorganisms in hydrocarbon degradation, the adaptability of biofilters and bioreactors for wastewater and ballast water treatment, and the dual ecological and pollution mitigation benefits of marine plants. Stakeholder collaboration and the integration of bioremediation into maritime education emerged as critical enablers for advancing these technologies. The research concludes that bioremediation offers scalable, sustainable solutions for mitigating marine pollution, contributing to environmental compliance, ecosystem restoration, and operational efficiency in the maritime industry. These findings provide actionable insights for technology integration, policy development, and capacity building, supporting the maritime sector’s transition toward sustainability.
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Yang, Wei, Junnian Song, Yoshiro Higano, and Jie Tang. "Combination of Assessment Indicators for Policy Support on Water Scarcity and Pollution Mitigation." Water 8, no. 5 (2016): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w8050203.
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Adusumilli, Naveen, Taesoo Lee, M. Rister, and Ronald Lacewell. "The Economics of Mitigation of Water Pollution Externalities from Biomass Production for Energy." Resources 3, no. 4 (2014): 721–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources3040721.
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