Journal articles: 'Water pollutions'

1

Duchevet, N., A. Brac De La Perrière, G. Marin, and M. Gibert. "Détection infra-rouge de pollutions en milieu aqueux." Journal français d’hydrologie 23, no. 1 (1992): 69–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/water/19922301069.

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Hsu, Hung Cheng, and Wei Shang Fan. "Engineering Management on Modeling of Environmental Protection." Advanced Materials Research 734-737 (August 2013): 3352–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.3352.

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Management on modeling and measuring are seldom seen in management research but it is a good measurement to some issues. Environment & Energy issues are important but still no optimal solution. In the study, we use the mathematical model to deal with the management application. Earth pollutions are getting more and more serious. The Environment & Energy issues are two significant problems nowadays. The pollutions on earth are needed to be limited. We should do something on controlling the limited pollutions on earth as possible as we can. The study pays attention on the optimal control of the pollutions by mathematical models. We try to make the optimal solution on the pollutions origin. With the efficient control of the pollutions, the earth can absorb and invert the pollutions. This is the main purpose of the study and the methodology are seldom seem in researches. The study also uses mathematical model to make this issue to be a discussible model. With the mathematical models and Euler equation in the study, we can get the optimal solution in scientific method and it is available for governments to handle with the pollution control. In the study, we take water pollution for example because air and water are two main matters for human beings. If water pollutions are getting serious, we hardly survive. Key words: Euler equation, mathematical models

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Liu, Dong Feng, Peng Qiao, Li Ping Zhang, Min Song, and Shuai Liu. "Application of QUAL2E Model to Analysis the Permissible Pollution Bearing Capacity of Water Bodies in City Water Area." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 2385–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.2385.

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Quantitative simulation of pollutions in river was the foundation of method to plan and manage river. The study used QUAL2E model to simulate pollutants changes, and permissible pollution bearing capacity of water bodies of Rizhao city was analyzed, then quantity goal of pollution reduced was calculated. The result can provide technical support for water resources protection plan of Rizhao city.

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Dutang, M., J. M. Philipot, and M. Gibert. "Le contrôle de la fiabilité des systèmes de détection des pollutions accidentelles." Journal français d’hydrologie 18, no. 1 (1987): 49–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/water/19871801049.

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Ridho'i, Ronal. "Doom to Disaster? Industrial Pollution in Sidoarjo 1975—2006." Lembaran Sejarah 13, no. 2 (February 27, 2018): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/lembaran-sejarah.33543.

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Massive industrialization causes various pollutions (water, air, land and noise). Until early 2000s, facts proved that the environmental condition of Sidoarjo getting worse because of the high level of pollution in this area. This paper aims to explain industrial pollution, regulation of pollution and the debate of pollution cases in Sidoarjo since 1975-2006. Author uses an environmental history approach to analize this phenomenon, and peruses archival sources, newspapers, magazines and interview. This research finds out that industrial pollutions in Sidoarjo still continuously happen until today. Meanwhile, the govenrment regulations were not effectively decrease industrial pollutions because of collusion practice between industrialists and local government, and even with the military personnel particularly during the New Order. This paper proves that the government regulations and law enforcement about the environment were not resolving the pollution problems in Sidoarjo.

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Chatrath, Harsha. "DESTRUCTION OF RESINOUS COMPOUND FROM WASTE BY USE OF NATURAL ENZYMES." Green Chemistry & Technology Letters 2, no. 4 (December 20, 2016): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/gctl.2016.245.

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In present scenario huge quantity of waste are produced every day. It contains plastics, waste papers, plastic containers, some of these are degradable, and some of these are non-degradable waste.Non-biodegradable things are present in waste treated with mechanical pulverizing mechanisms and with few of strong chemical. Chemicals such as concentrated Hydrochloric, Sulphuric acids, sulphamic acids and many other hazardous chemicals are used for destroying wastes in simple form or in disperse form. Almost 70% of the waste is being dumped in the soil layer. After certain interval of time compounds present in soils such as salts of the metals and temperature of soil help in decomposing the waste periodically. Due to this process large quantity of soil gets contaminated. In this project we have tried to replace hazardous chemicals with other non-hazardous chemicals and some natural enzymes, which may give same reactions as with toxic chemicals. Objectives may also helps in use of eco friendly chemicals for reducing soil pollution and water pollutions. Hence it will minimize the other impacts on environment such as air pollution, noise pollutions, water pollutions and soil pollutions. All process will carry out under Green Chemistry cycles.

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Wang, Di, Kun You, and Jin Xiang Fu. "Optimization and Selection of Automatic Monitoring Indicators in Beer Manufacturing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 587-589 (July 2014): 795–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.587-589.795.

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Automatic monitoring indicators system of pollution is the key and foundation to construct network of pollutions in total amount monitoring.Scientific and reasonable indicators system can reflect pollutant situation and influence on water environment.Automatic monitoring indicators in pollution of sources are confined to COD and ammonia nitrogen as well as short of monitoring indicators to character features of pollutional sources.It is necessary to conduct optimization and selection of automatic monitoring indicators.Based on beer manufacturing in demonstration area as the research object,analyze sources of pollution in Qinghe basin producing and sewage situation;adopt screening methods to complete optimization and selection of automatic monitoring indicators.Build the system of automatic monitoring indicators in beer manufacturing successfully to provide theoretical support for constructing network of water pollutant total amount monitoring.

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Zhu, Lei, Jin Xi Song, and Chang Qin Zheng. "Pollution Load Estimation of Weihe River Watershed above Linjiacun Section Based on Characteristic Section Load Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 744-746 (March 2015): 2382–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.744-746.2382.

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Weihe River Watershed above Linjiacun Section is taken as the research objective in this paper and NH3-N is chosen as the water quality parameter. According to the discharge characteristics of point source pollutions and non-point source pollutions, a new method to estimate pollution loads-characteristic section load method is suggested and point source pollution and non-point source pollution loads of Weihe River Watershed above Linjiacun Section are calculated in the rainy, normal and dry season in the year 2007. The results show that the monthly point source pollution loads of Weihe River Watershed above Linjiacun Section are discharged stably, the monthly non-point source pollution loads of Weihe River Watershed above Linjiacun Section change greatly, the non-point source pollution load proportions of total pollution load of NH3-N are gradually decreased in the rainy, normal and wet periods.

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Nirel, P. M. V., and J. Lazzarotto. "Testing of conductivity/calcium and rubidium/strontium ratios as indicators of the chemical stability of a river: comparison with a biological indicator." Water Science and Technology 52, no. 12 (December 1, 2005): 291–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0487.

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It is customary to detect pollution in a water flow by monitoring the increase of sensitive elements concentrations (NH4+, PO43−, NO3−…). However, concentrations are dependent on the flow rate and these compounds are not conservative, implying a concentration decrease downstream leading to false negative diagnosis of pollution impact. The use of elemental ratios of conservative compounds should diminish these pitfalls. We then thought of the χ/Ca (conductivity/calcium) and Rb/Sr (rubidium/strontium) ratios as water chemical stability indicators to clearly identify and discriminate point from diffuse pollutions. This hypothesis has been tested on 12 brooks located in the basin of Lake Geneva, during 2 hydrological years. The results were compared to the observed land use of the watershed and a biological indicator: the Pollution Sensitivity Index (PSI). The PSI is calculated from diatom taxonomy and evaluates biological quality with a grade ranging from 0 to 20 (bad to excellent). The main results of the research can be summarized as follows. The pollution signal is observable far downstream of the pollution site. Both χ/Ca and Rb/Sr ratios are water quality indicators expressing the stability of water chemistry. They can both be used to detect diffuse and point pollution impact. These indicators provide complementary information: χ/Ca variations increase in case of point pollution; Rb/Sr variations increase when diffuse pollutions occur. The results obtained with the indicators χ/Ca and Rb/Sr agree with biological indicator and observation of the land use. χ/Ca and Rb/Sr ratios represent important tools to identify and discriminate point source pollution from diffuse pollution.

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Su, Rong Jun. "Study and Analysis on Pollution of Coal Washing and Separating Project." Advanced Materials Research 468-471 (February 2012): 2082–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.468-471.2082.

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. In order to study the environmental impact of coal washing and separating industry, took Beize coal separating plant as an example to analyze its pollution. According to the requirements of Chinese environmental assessment and its project situation, analyzed its features of technological process and possible pollution such as noise, dust, smoke, SO2, waste water and waste solid etc. during construction and operating period. Accident risk analysis was also done. As a result, the intensity of polluting source were confirmed as 0.47 t/a of dust, 2.60t/a of SO2, 2.38t/a of soot and 40.52t/a of coal gangue respectively. Finally, precaution measures for above mentioned pollutions were proponed. This would lay a sound foundation for the following environmental impact assessment.

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Yarima, A., R. Ali, A. A. Abdullahi, and Z. Idris. "Nanotechnology: Review on Emerging Techniques in Remediating Water and Soil Pollutions." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 24, no. 5 (June 24, 2020): 933–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v24i5.31.

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Environmental Pollution is becoming a global challenge in both developing and the developed countries, pollutants discharge from oil and gas industries and or agricultural practices continue effecting the health of human and other animal in an ecosystem in one way or the other. This necessitated the development of a techniques to clean up of the polluted environment. Remediation of pollutants relies mainly on using varioustechniques like physical, chemical and or biological methods for the removal of contaminants from different environmental media be it soil, water, and or air. These techniques have their own limitations as the toxicity of the degrading agents, time consuming and the fate of the environment after remediation matters a lot. Therefore, nanotechnology is gaining interest in remediating pollutions as nanoparticles are relatively cost effective, sensitive and selective and can be used as sensors to monitor toxins, organic contaminants and heavy metals in land, water and or air. The enhanced properties and effectiveness of nanotechnology-based materials makes them suitable for nano remediation. This review provides an overview of the nanomaterials: Organic based nanomaterials (Dendrimers), inorganic (TiO2, nZVI), carbon-based (Carbon nanotubes, (CNTs)), and composite-based materials) used in environmental remediation. These nanomaterials were reported to remediate different contaminants in theenvironment such as heavy metals, pathogens, pesticides, dyes, chlorinated organic compounds, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Keywords: Nanotechnology, nanoparticles, Nano remediation, pollutions and environments.

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He, Jin Zhe, Kai Yang, and Pei Long Sun. "The Security Analysis of Trace Elements Accumulated in Fish Tissues with the Aquatic Eco-Environment from Fresh and Marine Waters." Advanced Materials Research 343-344 (September 2011): 900–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.343-344.900.

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The pollution level of trace elements from nine types of fishes was study by ICP-AES techniques, and compare the pollution level differences of trace elements between fishes of fresh and marine waters. Assess the pollution risk of trace elements accumulated in fish tissues with the aquatic eco- environment from fresh and marine waters. The concentration changes of trace elements in fish tissues have some differences from freshwater fish tissues and marine water fish tissues, but the concentration distribution tendency of trace elements was similar. Mg elements had high concentration, Fe elements were rich in fish tissues, and Zn elements were in a relatively lower level in fish tissues. Their bioaccumulation levels with other trace elements, such as Mn, Cu, Ni, Co, Se, Cr, Mo, Sn and Al, were not considered as main contaminate elements in fish tissues, the pollution level of toxic elements like Cd, Pb and Hg in most fish tissues from this study demonstrated that the cultivation aquatic eco- environments of fresh water and marine water were relatively safe. But the potential pollutions of toxic elements in fish tissues, such as Cd, Pb, As and Hg should pay main attention.

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13

Liu, Dong Mei, Yue Wang, Xue Bin Jia, Dong Jun Zhang, Yi Zou, Dian Dong Ma, Li Qun Liu, et al. "Introduction and Analysis of the Techniques for the Removal of Phenol from Water." Advanced Materials Research 538-541 (June 2012): 2466–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.538-541.2466.

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According to extensive literature research, we introduce and summarize both physical, chemical properties, main hazards of phenol and the recent phenol water pollutions. We get the problem that it’s hardly to meet the standard and ensure the safety of water supply because of the low removal ratio in the process of water treatment when the water source is polluted by sporadic phenol pollution. After we analyze and compare the removal technology in polluted water and potable water respectively, we know the removal ratio of polymeric aluminum chloride-powdered activated carbon and permanganate potassium- activated carbon is significantly higher than activated carbon only, but the output water couldn’t reach the standard when facing high concentration phenol pollution (500μg/L). The biological technologies and membrane methods used in waste water treatment are introducing into the potable water treatment.

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M. Nahiun, Khandakar, Bijoyee Sarker, Kamrun N. Keya, Fatin I. Mahir, Shahirin Shahida, and Ruhul A. Khan. "A Review on the Methods of Industrial Waste Water Treatment." Scientific Review, no. 73 (July 7, 2021): 20–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/sr.73.20.31.

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Nowadays environmental pollution is a great threat to us. Water resources are mostly polluted by industrial wastes. Among all other pollutions, water pollution is one of the most vital pollution caused by different sources like industrial, domestic, sewage, hazardous waste, municipal waste, medical waste, manufacturing waste, etc. Public concern over the impact of wastewater has increased. There are several methods for the treatment of wastewater. Among them, techniques like coagulation, adsorption, activated sludge are prominent. The use of aerobic wastewater treatment as a reductive medium is receiving attention for its low cost of operation and low cost of maintenance. The uses of low-cost adsorbents are also effective in wastewater treatment. The aerobic wastewater is effective in degrading the contaminants. There are different electrolytic techniques as well for wastewater treatment. This paper reviews the possible techniques available for the treatment of wastewater to remove contaminants such as halogenated hydrocarbon compounds, heavy metals, dyes, pigments etc. from the wastewater.

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Mottana, Annibale, Sergio Carrà, and Carlo Doglioni. "Levels of water and soil natural pollutions in Italy." Rendiconti Lincei 27, no. 1 (February 1, 2016): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12210-015-0496-0.

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Корниенко, Виктория Сергеевна, Андрей Николаевич Радченко, Артем Андреевич Андреев, and Юрий Георгиевич Щербак. "ВЛИЯНИЕ ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЯ НА ТЕПЛОВУЮ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ПОВЕРХНОСТЕЙ НАГРЕВА УТИЛИЗАЦИОННЫХ КОТЛОВ ПРИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИИ ВОДОТОПЛИВНЫХ ЭМУЛЬСИЙ НА ОСНОВЕ МАЛОВЯЗКИХ ТОПЛИВ." Aerospace technic and technology, no. 2 (April 26, 2018): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/aktt.2018.2.04.

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When burning water-fuel emulsions with a water content of 30% due to decrease in the rate of low-temperature sulfuric acid corrosion to an acceptable level of 0.25 mm/year, condensation heating surface can be installed in the exhaust gas boilers. On the basis of studies and literature data, the values of the bulk density of pollutions in the burning of low-viscosity fuels and water-fuel emulsions based on them were adopted. Relations of the pollution layer thickness on the wall temperature on the basis of the available experimental data on the intensity of pollution at different values of the wall temperature, the literature data, and the calculated values of the bulk density of the pollution layer are obtained. The variable nature of the relations indicates the need to determine the values of the pollution thickness for each appropriate range of wall temperature values. Based on the obtained relations of the mean thickness of the pollutions on the wall temperature, as well as the values of the coefficient of equivalent thermal conductivity, the relations of the pollution coefficients on the wall temperature are constructed. The obtained relations show that at the same wall temperatures during the combustion of water-fuel emulsions with a water content of 30% the value of the pollution coefficients is significantly lower than when burning the non-watered fuel. Comparison of the values of the pollution factor confirms the reliability of the studies of pollution processes and analytically determined values carried out in the experimental setup. The relations of the heat transfer coefficient of the polluted surface at the heating surface temperatures in the range of 70-210 °С for the combustion of low-viscosity fuels and water-fuel emulsions based on them were proposed. It is expediently to evaluate the effect of impurities on the values of thermal efficiency, because they allow to reveal the overall effect on the value of the pollution coefficient and the unevenness of their blowing. The obtained relations of the pollution coefficients, heat transfer and thermal efficiency in the design of convective heating surfaces for exhaust gas boilers are proposed

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Hossain, Mohammed Amjed, Nasly Binti Mohamed Ali, and Mir Sujaul Islam. "Source apportionment and quality assessment of surface water using principal component analysis and multiple linear regression statistics." Environment Conservation Journal 14, no. 3 (December 21, 2013): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.36953/ecj.2013.14302.

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Principal component analysis (PCA) and multiple linear regressions (MLR) analysis were applied on the data set of surface water quality for source identification of pollution and their contribution on the variation of water quality. Results revealed that, most of the water quality parameters were found to be toxic compare to the national standard of Malaysia. PCA identified the sources as, ionic groups of salts, soil erosion and agricultural runoff, organic and nutrient pollutions from domestic wastewater, industrial sewage and wastewater treatment plants. MLR investigated the contribution of every variable with R= 0.968 and R2=0.934 and it was highly significant (p<0.01).

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Xiang, Long, Zhong Bo Yu, Li Chen, Jia Ji He, Cheng Chen, and Xiao Lei Fu. "Evaluating the Characteristics of Hydraulic Driven Non-Point Source Pollution Loss in Agricultural Watershed." Applied Mechanics and Materials 212-213 (October 2012): 518–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.212-213.518.

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Non-point source (NPS) pollution is one of the major pollution sources in agricultural watershed, and the NPS pollution is the governing factor for polluting surface water. In this paper, series of hydrologic response units were set in various land-use plots to observe the runoff yields and NPS pollution yields from 2008 to 2010. The rainfall and fertilization were recorded in various types of land-use. Based on the long-term observation data, the characteristics of flow yield and critical precipitation intensities for generating runoff were quantified, and the hydraulic driven NPS pollutions (TN, TP) were analyzed temporally and spatially. The results show the flow yield is positive to total amount and intensity of precipitation and hillslope, but negative to vegetation canopy and Tillage intensity. Based on surface hydraulic conditions, the NPS pollution yield on various lands are calculated statistically. The seasonal fluctuations of NPS pollution yield rates are strongly related to flow production and human artificial fertilization. This work will enhance the understanding of NPS loss in agricultural watersheds.

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Cai, Rui Kun, Fu Quan Ni, and Yu Deng. "Features of Water Function Zoning of the Surface Water in Sichuan Province." Applied Mechanics and Materials 730 (January 2015): 221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.730.221.

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In this study, based on the water function zoning and the related analyses on the current situations and tendency of the pollutions on water environments in Sichuan province, concluded that the primary cause responsible for the deterioration of water resources is the discharge of agriculture wastewater, and the strengthening of agricultural production management as well as the reduction of the agricultural wastewater discharge are the key points to alleviate the water-quality deterioration.

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Bushati, Nevila, and Anila Neziri. "Microbiological and Physico-Chemical Data of Shkodra Lake for Months June-July-August." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 8, no. 1 (January 26, 2017): 372–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2017.v8n1p372.

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Abstract Lake Shkodra is closely connected with the change of weather conditions, which are associated with the increased runoff of streams and rivers that flow into the lake, especially in spring and fall season, increased rainfalls, snow, erosion phenomenon, flooding, etc. Water's central role in the biosphere implies several of the large issues confronting humanity which are in fact related to water: pollution, infections from pathogenic species, mismanaged agricultural lands, eutrophication etc. Shkodra watershed is exposed to various sources of pollutions, which are related with the discharge of waste waters, industrial and urban pollution, agricultural activities etc. Data on the lake Shkodra water quality will be presented at the article based in general physico-chemical and microbiological parameters. Water samples were collected according to Europian recommendations and WHO legislation. The physico-chemical and microbiological measured parameters were: pH, conductivity, turbidity, temperature, Enterococcus intestinales, Escherichia coli. The data presented here include months June, July and August for the years 2011 and 2012. Water samples were collected from 8 points of Lake Shkodra named stations. This study was conducted at the Microbiological Diagnostical Center "Wolfdieter Sixl", at the University of Shkodra "Luigj Gurakuqi".

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Michelbach, S., and C. Wöhrle. "Settleable Solids in a Combined Sewer System, Settling Characteristics, Heavy Metals, Efficiency of Storm Water Tanks." Water Science and Technology 27, no. 5-6 (March 1, 1993): 153–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0495.

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Sedimentation and transportation of mineral and organic pollutions in combined sewer systems are not completely understood. For better understanding, samples of sediment, slime and urban runoff were taken from the combined sewer system of Bad Mergentheim. The settling velocity of settleable solids was measured with a settling apparatus. Typical settling curves for sediment, slime and wastewater were put together. Some of the samples were analysed for heavy metals and organic micro-pollution. By this the relationship between settling velocity and the load of heavy metals can be shown. The gained data are of interest for the design of clarifier tanks for stormwater treatment.

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Dołęga, Marta, and Krzysztof Biernat. "Procesy zarządzania ryzykiem ekologicznym." Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae 7, no. 1 (June 30, 2009): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/seb.2009.7.1.10.

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Risk management relies on identification, estimation, control and finance of potential risks. Excient process of management against alternate of ecological threat it’s people and nature resources protection before threats related to pollution of water, air, soil and other components of environment, which balance has been broken by reason of pronouncement of unexpected natural phenomenon, industrial failure and human activities. Negative environmental results are caused in case of pronouncement of threat damage to environmental component pollutions and ecosystems changes.

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Stojadinovic, Dusan, Zoran Nikic, and Dusko Isakovic. "Hydro-geological properties of the Savian aquifer in the county Obrenovac." Zbornik Matice srpske za prirodne nauke, no. 109 (2005): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/zmspn0519039s.

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The paper presents a description of hydrogeological researches of alluvial layers of the Sava River in the area of the source "Vic Bare" near Obrenovac. This source supplies groundwater to that town. The depth of these layers amounts to 25 m. With regard to collecting capacity, the most significant are gravel-sand sediments of high filtration properties. Their average depth amounts to about 13 m with the underlying layer made of Pleistocene clays. Compact aquifer is formed within these sediments and it refills partly from the Sava River at places where river cuts its channel into the gravel-sand layer. The analysis of the groundwater regime in the riparian area points out that groundwater levels follow stages of the Sava River. Such an influence lessens with the distance. Established hydraulic connection between the river and the aquifer enables its permanent replenishment. On the other hand, due to certain pollutions this river flow might bring along, it represents a potential danger. Those pollutions could enter water-bearing layer of the aquifer as well as the exploitation well of the source. Such presumptions have been confirmed in the experiment of pollution transport carried out in the water-bearing layer. Unabsorbable chloride was used as a tracer whose movement velocity through exploitation well proved that there were real possibilities of intrusion of aggressive pollutants into the water-bearing layer and into the aquifer as well. Therefore, the protection of the source must be in the function of the protection of surface waters.

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Zhao, Haiping, Qingxue Li, and Jianhua Tao. "Spatio-temporal patterns and source identification of surface water pollution in Bohai Bay, China from 1995 to 2005." World Journal of Engineering 11, no. 6 (December 1, 2014): 605–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1708-5284.11.6.605.

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Several multivariate statistical methods were comprehensively used to interpret the temporal, spatial patterns and source identification of surface water pollution in Bohai Bay with the large and complex data. Twelve variables water quality indices were surveyed at 12 sites three times a year (May, August, and October) from 1995 to 2005. Cluster analysis (CA) grouped the eleven years into two clusters, Cluster A (1995 to 2001 except 1998) and cluster B (2002 to 2005 and 1998), and spatial CA divided the entire area into three groups. The results of discriminant analysis showed that the temporal CA and spatial CA were effective with 90% and 83.3% correct assignments, respectively. In cluster A, the pollution sources mainly were nutrient factor from non-point source and Hg pollution, oil and organic pollutions were relatively light. In Cluster B, the organic pollution became the mainly pollution source, and the nutrient pollution was still serious problem. In the results of spatial analysis, the group 1 was mainly affected by anthropogenic pollution, the group 3 was seriously affected by oil spill pollution and nutrients pollution, and the group 2 reflected relatively strong water self-purification ability.

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Hu, Baoan, Miao Miao Wang, and Liang Shao. "Research on Residual Water Purification Treatment for Environmental Dredging of Taihu Lake." Advanced Materials Research 356-360 (October 2011): 1023–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.356-360.1023.

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Large quantities of residual water with contaminants are produced during the dredging project of Taihu lake, which will bring environment pollution without treatment. Combining the experiments with real engineering, water quality and the correlation between pollution indexes were detected and analyzed in this article. Through coagulation experiments, the removal effects of different flocculants were investigated, meanwhile the amount of flocculants and the setting time were determined. Experimental results showed that the correlation exists between SS, CODMn , NH3-N and TP, so the method of only controlling SS for water discharge target could not totally satisfy the requirement. The sedimentation time in storage yard influenced the removal effects on pollutions greatly, thus, the bottom sludge could not flow into sedimentation tank without staying in the storage yard. PAC was the best flocculant, and the solid suspension concentration could drop below 100 mg/L when the concentration is 50 mg/L and the coagulation time is 5 minutes.

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Zhu, Li Qin, Cui Ling Jiang, Peng Zhang, Dong Mei Li, and Xiu Quan Zhu. "Assessment on the Necessity to Purify the Newly Constructed Laohutan Reservoir." Applied Mechanics and Materials 535 (February 2014): 272–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.535.272.

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Soils and vegetation of submerged areas will be the endogenous pollutions sources after water storage comes into use in the newly constructed reservoir. Enriched nutrients are released gradually into water, which has an effect on the water quality of reservoir. In this paper, taking Laohutan Reservoir as a study object, accumulation levels of nutrients in soils of the four main types of land use in the reservoir area are studied, the total amount of the pollutants produced by vegetation incineration in the reservoir area is estimated, and based on the experiments the effects of the pollutants in residual vegetation on the water quality of the proposed reservoir are predicted. It provides the theoretical bases for the pollution control of newly constructed reservoir and the establishment of purification measurements before water storage.

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Chen, Lina, Longxi Han, Junyi Tan, Mengtian Zhou, Mingyuan Sun, Yi Zhang, Bo Chen, Chenfang Wang, Zixin Liu, and Yubo Fan. "Water Environmental Capacity Calculated Based on Point and Non-Point Source Pollution Emission Intensity under Water Quality Assurance Rates in a Tidal River Network Area." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 3 (February 1, 2019): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16030428.

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A mathematical model for simulating hydrodynamics and pollutants migration in a tidal river network was constructed, which takes the temporal and spatial distribution of rainfall runoff and non-point pollutants into consideration. Under the design hydrologic conditions of a typical hydrological year, the daily concentration change process for the control section is obtained. Aiming at the uncertainty of hydrology and water quality parameters such as flow direction, flow rate and concentration change in tidal river network area, a statistical analysis method is used to obtain the maximum allowable concentration of pollutants in the control section under the condition of the water quality standard assurance rate of. Then, a formula for calculating the pollutions emission intensity of point and non-point sources is derived. The method was applied to the pollution source control in a typical region like Taihu in China.

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Li, Yu, Chong Meng, Meng Wang, Bing Chuan Cheng, and Chang Zhi Zhou. "Regulation of the Absorption of Cu with Various of Pollutants in Sediment through Fractional Factorial Design." Advanced Materials Research 742 (August 2013): 363–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.742.363.

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The resolution IV fractional factorial design was used to study the adsorption regularity of Cu coexisted with various pollutions (Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, atrazine, malathine, et al.) onto the sediment. The study found that the main effect and the second-order interaction effect of ten pollutions concentration had significant influence on the adsorption of Cu on the sediment. The concentration of Cu was the critical factor to the promotion of the absorption capacity of Cu in sediment, the second-order effect played the critical role in restraining the absorption of Cu. The main effect of Cd, and the second-order interaction effect include Cd, had greatly inhibited the absorption of Cu in sediment, and the contribution was over 30%, which meant there was prominent antagonism between Cu and Cd. Fractional factorial design can provide a theoretical basis for the reveal of the adsorption mechanism between the different contaminants in the water environment pollution.

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Wang, Wenyi, Weihua Zeng, and Bo Yao. "An Energy-Economy-Environment Model for Simulating the Impacts of Socioeconomic Development on Energy and Environment." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/353602.

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Many rapidly developing regions have begun to draw the attention of the world. Meanwhile, the energy and environmental issues associated with rapid economic growth have aroused widespread critical concern. Therefore, studying energy, economic, and environmental systems is of great importance. This study establishes a system dynamic model that covers multiple aspects of those systems, such as energy, economy, population, water pollution, air pollution, solid waste, and technology. The model designed here attempts to determine the impacts of socioeconomic development on the energy and environment of Tongzhou District in three scenarios: under current, planning, and sustainable conditions. The results reveal that energy shortages and water pollutions are very serious and are the key issues constraining future social and economic development. Solid waste emissions increase with population growth. The prediction results provide valuable insights into social advancement.

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Parihar, D. S. "NEED OF RIVER REJUVENATION IN INDIA." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 02 (February 28, 2021): 346–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/12453.

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India today is desperately in need of answers to resolve its water crisis. The country faces a critical challenge is improve the productivity of drinking fresh water. No socio-economic development or even political stability will ever be possible without ensuring uninterrupted supply of quality potable water. It is therefore clear that river rejuvenation will need to be distributed across the country. In other words, we will need to capture rain water, where it falls, over vast parts of the country so that we can provide local water security and recharge every well. Present study examines the presence of water resources in India from two perspectives: pollution in the river basins and need of river rejuvenation work implemented in India. This is based on river rejuvenation needed in India and water resources affected by dumping many sources and types of pollutions in River basins.

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Sager, Manfred. "Urban Soils and Road Dust—Civilization Effects and Metal Pollution—A Review." Environments 7, no. 11 (November 4, 2020): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environments7110098.

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Urban soils have been changed much by human impacts in terms of structure, composition and use. This review paper gives a general introduction into changes from compaction, mixing, water retention, nutrient inputs, sealing, gardening, and pollution. Because pollutions in particular have caused concerns in the past, metal pollutions and platinum group metal inputs have been treated in more detail. Though it is not possible to cover the entire literature done on this field, it has been tried to give examples from all continents, regarding geochemical background levels. Urban metal soil pollution depends on the age of the settlement, current emissions from traffic and industry, and washout. It seems that in regions of high precipitation, pollutants are swept away to the watershed, leaving the soils less polluted than in Europe. Health hazards, however, are caused by ingestion and inhalation, which are higher in 3rd world countries, and not by concentrations met in urban soils as such; these are not treated within this paper in detail. With respect to pollutants, this paper is focused on metals. Contrary to many reviews of the past, which mix all data into one column, like sampling depth, sieved grain sizes, digestion and determination methods, these have been considered, because this might lead to considerable interpretation changes. Because many datasets are not Gaussian distributed, medians and concentration ranges are given, wherever possible. Urban dust contains about two to three fold the hazardous metal concentrations met in urban soils. Some data about metal mobilities obtained from selective and sequential leaching procedures, are also added. Soil compaction, pollution, sealings and run-offs cause stress situations for green plants growing at roadside locations, which is discussed in the Section 5. Environmental protection measures have led to decrease metal pollutions within the last decade in many places.

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Li, Chao, Huijuan Li, Chengzhi Pu, and Zhiwu Lei. "PREPARATION OF ZNO/SEPIOLITE COMPOSITE AND ITS PHOTOCATALYTIC PERFORMANCE FOR THE WATER DECONTAMINATION." DYNA 96, no. 4 (July 1, 2021): 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.6036/10176.

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The photocatalysis technology has become an important means to control environmental pollutions especially water pollution. A new ZnO/sepiolite composite was prepared using the sol–gel method by taking the nontoxicity, high catalytic activity, high stability, and strong antioxidant capacity of ZnO and the large pore volume and specific surface area, strong adsorption capacity, light weight, and strong chemical stability of sepiolite to prepare improved photocatalytic materials. The microrepresentation and contrast analysis of structures and morphologies of sepiolite and ZnO/sepiolite composite were performed using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, and TD-3500 X-ray diffraction. The degradation capacities of sepiolite, ZnO, and ZnO/sepiolite composite into formaldehyde, malachite green, methylbenzene, and landfill leachate were tested under UV light. Results show that ZnO can be loaded onto sepiolite successfully and that ZnO ions form a tight coupling interface after entering the sepiolite layer. The formed crystals are small. The pore ratio increases synonyms, and the adsorption performance improves accordingly. Moreover, sepiolite can inhibit the agglomeration of ZnO particles effectively. The ZnO/sepiolite composite is significantly superior to sepiolite and ZnO in the treatmenting of above pollutants. The composite has degraded 88.57% of formaldehyde, 91.3% of malachite green, 66.53% of methylbenzene, and 76.38% of landfill leachate. Compared with other types of composite photocatalyst, the ZnO/sepiolite composite has better photocatalytic performances, and its degradation of organic pollutants conforms to the first-order kinetics. Finally, the ZnO/sepiolite composite has high reusability due to easy recovery and good chemical and photocatalytic stabilities. The ZnO/sepiolite composite provides a new selection to control environmental pollutions and possesses promising application prospects. Keywords: ZnO, sepiolite, preparation, composite, photocatalysis

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Terreyre, Jean-Luc. "Les pollutions ponctuelles et l'état qualitatif des eaux souterraines." La Houille Blanche, no. 3 (June 2003): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/lhb/2003050.

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Гаращенко, В. І., І. М. Астрелін, and О. В. Гаращенко. "MAGNETIC FILTERS WITH TANGENTIAL ELECTROMAGNETS FOR WATER PURIFICATION FROM MAGNETIC POLLUTIONS." WATER AND WATER PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGIES. SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL NEWS 16, no. 1 (April 1, 2015): 12–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2218-93001612015136946.

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Choina, J., H. Kosslick, Ch Fischer, G. U. Flechsig, L. Frunza, and A. Schulz. "Photocatalytic decomposition of pharmaceutical ibuprofen pollutions in water over titania catalyst." Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 129 (January 2013): 589–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2012.09.053.

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Attoui, Badra, Samia T. Benrabah, Habiba Majour, and Nadjet Zair. "Assessment of groundwater vulnerability to pollution using the Kherici’s method in the Talezza plain, Collo region (NE Algeria)." Journal of Water and Land Development 33, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jwld-2017-0015.

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Abstract The intrinsic vulnerability of groundwater aquifers refers to their sensitivity to all contamination coming from soil surface irrespective of the nature of the polluting. In order to improve the protection of groundwater, there must be a reduction in the infiltration of contaminants towards the reservoir through the impacting factors determination of this phenomenon by means of research. There are collected models that include particular number of factors which allow the determination of a sign of groundwater vulnerability of all superficial pollutions. The goal of the study centers on ascertaining the state of vulnerability and the risk of groundwater pollution of the Collo region with a new proposed method by Kherici. Generally, assessment methods of vulnerability and the danger of groundwater pollution employ parametric systems with numerical quotation, cartographic superposition where the analytical methods are based on equations. In this study, we consider the combination of criteria dependent on natural factors (thickness of the unsaturated zone, geologic facies, degree of auto-purification) and the causes of groundwater vulnerability to man-made pollution (anthropogenic factors).

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Musayeva, Zh K., E. K. Musayev, S. E. Koibakova, and S. Syrlybekkyzy. "USE OF MODERN METHODS OF IDENTIFICATION OF HYDROCARBON CONTAINING MICROORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT OF THE CASPIAN SEA." REPORTS 6, no. 334 (December 15, 2020): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2020.2518-1483.141.

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Currently, the problem of the negative impact of petroleum hydrocarbons in the Caspian Sea has become catastrophic. Intensive pollution of marine waters by oil and oil products, from production, transportation and storage of hydrocarbons leads to the oppression of the sea ecosystem. Mechanical and physico-chemical methods for cleaning the marine environment are characterized by low efficiency, secondary pollution and high cost. The most promising is the use of microbiological methods for cleaning waters from oil pollution. In the article presents the results of the identification of reactive oxidizing bacteria isolated from the marine environment of the Caspian Sea, for further use in new biopreparation from oil pollutions. From the sea water in bulk berths Aktau sea port and the port of Bautino (North Caspian) allocated 27 hydrocarbon isolates of microorganisms having the ability to oil degradation of these strains selected the 4 most active cultures, which were identified as Bacillus cereus (2 strains), strain Bacillus sr.13 and Acinetobacter sr.10. Article is written by results of the scientific project of grant financing of Committee of Science of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan "Activization of the self-clearing ability of sea water of the Caspian Sea from oil products". Article is issued thanks to the international project Tempus of IV IEMAST of "Establishing Modern Master-level Studies in Industrial Ecology".

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Sari, Sasi Gendro, and Siti Hanna Aprida. "KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI PITAP BERDASARKAN INDEKS AUTOTROPIK DI KALIMANTAN SELATAN." EnviroScienteae 14, no. 3 (December 31, 2018): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/es.v14i3.5697.

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An epilithic benthic algae functions as a primary producer living on rock substrates. The Autotrofic Index (AI) was measured to understand the level of water pollutions by quantifying an autotrofy organism. This research determined water quality of Pitap river based on the autotrofic level of an epilithic benthic algae and to understand the correlation between the autotrofic level and physicochemical parameters. The measurement of water quality based on Ash-Free Dry Mass (AFDM), the amount of chlorophyll-a and physicochemical parameters were taken every month with two repetitions on September and October 2014. Five sampling sites were selected using a purposive sampling method based on the variety of environmental conditions around the Pitap river. The results showed that the water quality in the upstream (Ajung and Langkap villages) were classified non-pollution (dominated by autotrof compounds) until less pollution (dominated by autotrof-heterotof compounds). Other locations in downstream (Tebing Tinggi, Sungsum and Juuh villages) were determined pollution of water quality by dominance of autotrof-heterotrof components to dominance by heterotof components. Spearman correlation explained that autotrofic index on September 2014 was closely correlated with water temperature and water velocity with their value are 0,954 and -0,794 at significantly α=0,01. On October 2014 water temperature was closely correlated with its value 0,681 at significantly α=0,05.

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Ju, Tingting, Bingui Wu, Zhaoyu Wang, Jingle Liu, Dehua Chen, and Hongsheng Zhang. "Relationships between Low-Level Jet and Low Visibility Associated with Precipitation, Air Pollution, and Fog in Tianjin." Atmosphere 11, no. 11 (November 4, 2020): 1197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11111197.

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In this study, relationships between low-level jet (LLJ) and low visibility associated with precipitation, air pollution, and fog in Tianjin are investigated based on observational data from January to December, 2016. Statistical results show 55% of precipitation is accompanied by LLJ, and two causes responsible for the relatively high percentage are presented. The result of case analysis shows that some southwesterly LLJs are favorable for the formation of precipitation by transporting water vapor when the water vapor channel from the South China Sea or Bengal Bay to Bohai Rim region is established. Statistical results show 55% of pollution episodes (PEs) are accompanied by LLJs. When pollutions are observed in the southern industrial regions, nocturnal southwesterly LLJ, which can carry polluted air masses from polluted regions to Tianjin and induce turbulent mixing, can enhance surface PM2.5 concentration and is favorable for the formation of surface pollution at night. Nocturnal northerly or southeasterly LLJ leads to clear air masses mixing with polluted air masses and is favorable for increasing visibility. Contributions of southwesterly LLJs to the formation of fog and precipitation are similar, which both rely on establishing the water vapor channel despite occurrence heights of LLJs being different.

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Riswanto, Florentinus Dika Octa, Maywan Hariono, Gatot Nugroho Susanto, Ignatius Yulius Kristio Budiasmoro, and Enade Perdana Istyastono. "KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI GAJAH WONG DITINJAU DARI PENGHAMBATAN ENZIM ASETILKOLINESTERASE (Water Quality Assessment of Gajah Wong River Based on Inhibition of Acetylcholinesterase Activity)." Jurnal Manusia dan Lingkungan 24, no. 2 (November 12, 2018): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jml.23046.

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ASBTRAKSungai Gajah Wong, salah satu sungai di kota Yogyakarta, dikhawatirkan terpapar pencemaran air akibat pembuangan limbah rumah tangga, industri, rumah sakit maupun hotel yang masuk ke dalam alirannya. Hal ini menyebabkan penurunan kualitas air sungai dan menimbulkan dampak negatif bagi makhluk hidup yang memanfaatkannya. Pencemaran air sungai tersebut dapat diamati secara biokimiawi berdasarkan uji aktivitas penghambatan enzim asetilkolinesterase (AChE) oleh cemaran pestisida organofosfat dan karbamat. Uji biokimiawi dalam analisis kualitas air terhadap penghambatan AChE dapat dilakukan secara kolorimetrik menurut metode Ellman. Hasil reaksi ini dapat diamati secara melalui pembentukan senyawa berwarna dan serapannya dapat diukur pada panjang gelombang visibel. Penentuan lokasi sampling pada penelitian didasarkan pada pertimbangan sebaran muatan polusi/diffuse pollution loads consideration. Ditetapkan enam lokasi pengambilan sampel air sungai yaitu GW-1, GW-2, GW-3, GW-4, GW-5, dan GW-6 berturut-turut dari utara ke selatan. Dari keenam lokasi, GW-6 sebagai titik paling selatan dalam jalur pengambilan sampel menunjukkan penghambatan aktivitas AChE yang paling tinggi ditunjukkan dengan aktivitas AChE yang rendah. ASBTRACTGajah Wong River, one of the rivers in Yogyakarta city, was threatened by contamination of water pollutant due to the disposal waste of households, industrials, hospitals and hotels into its stream. The pollutions might cause the decreasing of water quality and raised the negative impact to living creatures that exploit it. River pollutions can be observed biochemically based on inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme activity by organophosphate and carbamate pesticide contamination. Biochemical assay in the analysis of water quality could be done according to the colorimetric of Ellman’s method. The results of this reaction can be observed by measuring the formation of colored compounds at visible wavelengths. Determination of the sampling location in this research was performed based on diffuse pollution loads consideration. Six sampling sites was defined and named as GW-1, GW 2, GW 3, GW 4, GW-5, and GW-6, respectively in a row from north to south. As the results, water from GW-6 as the southernmost site in the sampling sites showed the highest inhibition of AChE activity.

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Ramadan, Attar Hikmahtiar, and Emenda Sembiring. "Occurrence of Microplastic in surface water of Jatiluhur Reservoir." E3S Web of Conferences 148 (2020): 07004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202014807004.

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Microplastic is generally defined as synthetic polymers which size less than 5 mm. Based on the latest research, microplastics pollutions have many impacts on the environment and human. Jatiluhur, as one of the biggest freshwater reservoir in Indonesia, has potential to be polluted by microplastics because the water source of this reservoir streamed from Citarum watershed. Citarum River is one of the most polluted river in Indonesia. To find the occurrence of microplastics and to facilitate future policies in order to overcome microplastic pollution which occurs in Jatiluhur Reservoir, a study of microplastic abundance is conducted. Primary data is obtained by using the volume reduced sampling method. Manta trawl is pulled beside a boat for 5 -15 minutes for each sample and flow meter installed onto the mouth of manta trawl to determine the towing distance in surface water. Microplastic abundance in surface water presented in the form of microplastics amounts per unit surface area. Furthermore, microplastic characteristics analyzed with visual analysis, particle density analysis, and polymer analysis using FTIR. Based on seven sampling locations, microplastics have found in Jatiluhur Reservoir ranging from 0.71×104 – 4.59×105 particles/km2. The most type of microplastic found is fragmented polyethylene.

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Biswas, Jatish Chandra, Md Mozammel Haque, Md Maniruzzaman, and Naveen Kalra. "Coastal and Marine Pollution in Bangladesh: Pathways, Hotspots and Adaptation Strategies." European Journal of Environment and Earth Sciences 2, no. 4 (July 10, 2021): 26–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejgeo.2021.2.4.133.

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Marine and coastal pollution is a global issue for human health and biodiversity. We have investigated pollution sources, flow patterns, hotspots, challenges, and adaptation policies in Bangladesh. Industries, ship breaking yards, sewage, tourism, and transboundary depositions are the main sources of pollutions. The Ganges, Padma, Jamuna, Brahmaputra and Meghna carry wastes to the Bay of Bengal. Pollution hotspots are Dhaka, Gazipur, Narshingdi, Narayanganj, Chittagong, Khulna, Mongla port and Sylhet city. Textile and dyeing industries discharge 12.7–13.5 million m3 waste waters annually and pollute 20% of fresh water. Ship breaking yards dump about 22.5 tons polychlorinated biphenyls in a year. More than 50% of the marine oil pollution comes from urban activities. Plastic wastes at 3000 t day-1 and tourism are also contributing to the coastal pollution. Effluent releasing standards are not maintained, and thus higher concentrations of heavy metals are found with marine fishes. Use of heavy metal tolerant crops (rice: BRRI dhan47, potato: Cardinal, mustard: Brassica napus, flower: Marigold, vegetables: Cucumber, fibre: Kenaf, and so on), trap cropping, deep placement of fertilizers, integrated rice-fish-duck culture, etc can be adopted in polluted areas. There are laws for environmental issues, but coordination and financial capabilities does not warrant its effectiveness. Necessary steps are to be taken to improve infrastructure to ensure sanitation and benign discharge of industrial effluents. Systematic study on sources, fate and extent of current effluents dumping in water ways need to be assessed for wellbeing of aquatic life and human health.

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Li, Xiu Ping, Yan Ying Huang, Ning Tao Li, Chen Wen, and He Xu. "Sustainable Water Management on Reclaimed Water Use - A Case of Tianjin." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 3517–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.3517.

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Tianjin, due to its severe shortage and inefficient use of water resource, is now facing many problems such as land substance, pollutions of wastewater irrigation etc., which will restrict its sustainable development of social economy. As a newly, useful, and potential unconventional water resource, reclaimed water can be used broadly to improve the unsatisfied situation of water utilization in Tianjin. In this paper, based on an analysis of the status of present reclaimed water use project and associated plans of future reclaimed water utilization, the authors gave a detailed discuss on the existed problem of reclaimed water use, and then put forward some relative suggestions and recommendations about the sustainable management of reclaimed water utilization in Tianjin, such as management mechanism, reclaimed water price and economic stimulating mechanism, constructions of infrastructure, supporting of science and technology, laws and policies, and supervision system and public participation.

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Gao, Nan, and Pinghan Liang. "Fresh Cadres bring Fresh Air? Personnel Turnover, Institutions, and China's Water Pollutions." Review of Development Economics 20, no. 1 (January 28, 2016): 48–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/rode.12225.

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Petit, Caroline, Audrey Vincent, Philippe Fleury, Amandine Durpoix, and Fabienne Barataud. "Protecting Water from Agricultural Diffuse Pollutions: Between Action Territories and Hydrogeological Demarcation." Water Resources Management 30, no. 1 (October 24, 2015): 295–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11269-015-1162-0.

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Akbar, R. M. Rachmad Rizal, Winny Retna Melani, and Tri Apriadi. "Indeks Pencemaran Muara Sungai Jodoh, Kota Batam." Journal of Marine Research 9, no. 2 (April 25, 2020): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jmr.v9i2.26613.

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ABSTRAK : Penentuan status mutu perairan perlu dilakukan sebagai acuan dalam melakukan pemantauan pencemaran kualitas air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pencemaran melalui nilai Indeks Pencemaran (IP) di perairan Muara Sungai Jodoh, Kota Batam. Lokasi pengambilan sampel berdasarkan metode purposive sampling di tujuh stasiun pada perairan Muara Sungai Jodoh Kelurahan Tanjung Uma Kota Batam. Parameter yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu suhu, TSS, pH, DO, BOD, salinitas, dan bakteri coliform. Sebagai pembanding, digunakan baku mutu air laut untuk biota laut berdasarkan KEPMEN LH No.51 Tahun 2004. Perhitungan nilai IP dilakukan mengacu pada Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 115 Tahun 2003 Tentang Penentuan Status Mutu Air. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa perairan muara Sungai Jodoh Kelurahan Tanjung Uma Kota Batam pada saat pasang maupun surut kualitas perairan tergolong tercemar ringan. ABSTRACT : The determination of water quality status needs to be done as a reference to monitor water pollution. This study aimed to determine the level of pollutions through the level of Index Pollution (IP) in Jodoh River estuary, Tanjung Uma, Batam City . The location of sampling based on purposive sampling method of seven station in the waters of Jodoh River, Tanjung Uma, Batam City. Physical chemichal parameters used in this study were temperature, TSS, pH, DO, BOD, salinity and coliform bacteria. The water quality results were compared with water quality standards based on KEPMEN LH No.51 2004 for marine biotas. IP calculation was reference to the Minister of Environment No.115 2003 concerning on determination of water quality status. Based on the results of this study showed the estuary waters in the Jodoh River, Tanjung Uma, Batam City, when at high and low tide the water quality were slightly polluted.

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Khasanova, Anna A., Kristina V. Chetverkina, and Nina I. Markovich. "Determination of priority chemicals of water from centralized supply systems for monitoring water safety." Hygiene and sanitation 100, no. 5 (June 15, 2021): 428–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2021-100-5-428-435.

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Introduction. The analysis of the sanitary and epidemiological situation in the Russian Federation indicates problems in the field of drinking water safety, caused, among other things, by chemical contamination. Due to the wide variety of pollutants, it is necessary to determine the procedure for identifying priority chemical pollutions from the water from centralized supply systems, using health risk criteria. Materials and methods. The analysis of relevant scientific literature and regulatory and methodological documents formed the basis for developing criteria for determining priority chemical pollutants contained in the water from centralized supply systems. A sampling of drinking water was carried out at the start point (water intake) and the endpoint of the distribution network (water tap). The selected water samples were examined using the chromatography-mass spectrometry method. Results. An algorithm for determining the priority chemicals in the water of centralized water supply systems according to the potential hazard and health risk criteria has been developed. Approaches to the identification of possible sources of chemical water pollutants from centralized supply systems were established. According to the results of testing, it was found that three of the 16 chemical water components are potentially dangerous: 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, pentadecane, and lilial. The presence of pentadecane comes from a water source. Still, it should have eliminated water treatment. The presence of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane and lilial is most likely due to water treatment and water transportation processes through the water supply systems. Conclusion. There are six criteria for determining priority chemical pollutions from the water from centralized supply systems based on hygiene standards compliance, an impact of the chemicals on the environment and the human health, the presence of harmful effects for humans and/or animals, implementation of possible mechanisms for the development of human health disorders and the acceptability of the risk level were proposed. There were identified three priority pollutants in the water from centralized supply systems that can be recommended for further monitoring.

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Shirkhanloo, Hamid, Seyed Alireza Hajiseyed Mirzahosseini, Nasrin Shirkhanloo, Seyyed Ali Moussavi-Najarkola, and Hadi Farahani. "The evaluation and determination of heavy metals pollution in edible vegetables, water and soil in the south of Tehran province by GIS." Archives of Environmental Protection 41, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 64–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aep-2015-0020.

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Abstract In this study, heavy metals pollutions in waters, soils and vegetables were investigated from farms, near oil refinery in south of Tehran city, Iran (Shahre Ray). The most important heavy metals in Iranian oil are vanadium, cobalt, nickel, arsenic and mercury (V, Co, Ni, As, Hg). In this region, the concentration of heavy metals in soils, well waters and leafy edible vegetables were evaluated in ten different points of farms. Geographic information systems (GIS) were used to estimate the levels of heavy metals concentration at unmeasured locations. After sample preparation, concentrations of heavy metals in vegetables, soils and waters were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Five different leafy edible vegetables from farms, i.e., Persian leek, dill, parsley, spinach and radish were sampled in spring, summer and autumn 2012. In vegetables and well water samples, the concentrations of V, Ni and Co were above the permissible limit of heavy metals as compared to WHO guidelines and the concentrations of these metals in agricultural soils were found to be lower in accordance to soil references. The industrial waste waters had high concentration of heavy metals in this area. In consequence, the results of this study indicate that industrial waste water can cause pollution in well waters and edible vegetables. So, this region is not suitable for cultivation and growing vegetables.

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Saeedi Pash, Hosein, Taghi Ebadi, Amirali Pourahmadi, and Yashar Rahmani Parhizkar. "Analysis of Most Important Indices in Environmental Impacts Assessment of Ports." Civil Engineering Journal 3, no. 10 (November 4, 2017): 868. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-030921.

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Ports are the main centers of economic activities and producers of environmental pollutions on the shores and urban areas. Regarding the growth of world trade, transportation of goods through the ports has been undergoing prompt development, possibly experiencing further progress in the upcoming years. In the recent years, the destructive impacts of ports on the environment has been increasing. The type of activities and interactions carried out in the ports have speeded up such destructions. The major sources of pollutions are usually air, noise, water, soil and garbage. The objective of this study is to identify the main and sub-indices in the assessment of environmental impacts of ports (EIAP). To this end, a number of 28 case studies over the world have been analyzed. The indices of the environmental impacts of ports are categorized and evaluated according to four scales: the application and study aspects, the time, the location, as well as the quantity of occurrence of the criteria. Totally 200 main and sub-indices have been identified, within which, the first 10 have been allocated to the pollution of air, noise, water, transportation, traffic, greenhouse gases, garbage, soil, climate change and dredging, since 2000 to 2016. Finally, to better understand the subject, the conceptual framework for EIAP is presented. This study provides with port managers guidance toward identifying significant environmental aspects of ports; it is, at the same time, applicable in order for awareness and prioritization in the environmental management.

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Miah, Md Badsha, Ahmad Kamruzzaman Majumder, and Gulshan Ara Latifa. "Evaluation of microbial quality of the surface water of Hatirjheel in Dhaka City." Stamford Journal of Microbiology 6, no. 1 (August 10, 2017): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sjm.v6i1.33516.

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Microbiological health risks due to environmental pollution are major concerning issue in all over the world. In Bangladesh, almost all the major water bodies (lake/khal) particularly in the urban or semi-urban area have been suffering severely pollutions. Therefore if we manage to safe our surface water in and around the city, we can reduce the demand of ground water for the city dwellers by the proper use of these lakes and ponds. This study was conducted to evaluate the microbial condition of Hatirjheel water located in Dhaka City. The microbial analysis was performed to trace the presence of bacterial and other pathogens. In 5 samples, total viable bacteria and fungi were found up to 2.0×106 cfu/ml and 3.4×102 cfu/ml, respectively. Specific pathogens such as Klebsiella spp. (3.0×102 cfu/ml), Salmonella spp. (2.0×102 cfu/ml), Pseudomonas spp. (8.3×102 cfu/ml) and Vibrio spp. (6.0×102 cfu/ml.) were also isolated. The findings of the study revealed that the water of Hatirjheel might not safe for human health and also indicated that this water may vulnerable for diarrhea, dysentery, typhoid fever, shigellosis, salmonellosis, parasitic worm infection, hemolytic uremina syndrome etc. water-borne diseases. The poor water quality suggesting contamination of the lake water by domestic and industrial wastes and other anthropogenic activities. So it is important to control the pollution for proper use of this water in various household purposes.Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.6(1) 2016: 30-33

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Journal articles on the topic 'Water pollutions'

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