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1
Hall, Katrina, and Scott Chidgey. "Assessing the environmental impact of water discharge in a sensitive near-shore marine environment." APPEA Journal 53, no. 1 (2013): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj12026.
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Esso’s Long Island Point facility has been operating for more than 40 years beside Western Port in Victoria, and has discharged treated wastewater and storm water to the bay for most of these years. The 2001 State Environment Protection Policy Schedule F8 for Waters of Western Port is part of Victoria’s Environment Protection Authority’s (EPA) legal framework for licensing discharges to the waters of Victoria, and requires that discharges ‘cause no detrimental change in the environmental quality of the receiving waters, as determined by an environmental monitoring program’. As part of Esso’s ongoing commitment to continuous improvement, a major upgrade to the water treatment facility was completed to further improve the quality of waters discharged to Western Port. In conjunction with this upgrade, Esso is undertaking a study on the effects of the discharge on the environmental quality of Western Port. This peer-reviewed paper presents an example of the practical application of managing discharges to ensure that the stated environmental values of a receiving environment are protected. The environmental study focuses on four key aspects of marine-environment quality relevant to key Western Port ecosystem values in the vicinity of the facility’s effluent discharge, which are: ambient water quality; seagrass biomass; jetty pile epibiota; and, ecological risk through toxicity testing. The study demonstrates the implications of basing regulatory requirements on the quality of the site-specific environmental characteristics, rather than merely effluent quality and generalised water quality objectives. Furthermore, it validates the need for sound science to underpin regulatory limits and industry practices when operating in sensitive environments.
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van der Jagt, Hans. "Evaluation of Public Health Related Quality Aspects of Materials, Coming into Contact with Drinking Water – Odour and Flavour Tests in Particular." Water Science and Technology 40, no. 6 (September 1, 1999): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0304.
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Objectionable odours and flavours in drinking water are a constant concern to consumers and public water suppliers. The organoleptic properties of drinking water can be naturally induced or man-made. In this paper characteristics and causes of odours and flavours are evaluated. Two methods for determining odour and flavour, in relation to the EC Directive 80/778, are described. In the Netherlands, the Netherlands Waterworks Testing and Research Institute (Kiwa) is responsible for the testing and certification of materials used in the production and distribution of drinking water. A study was undertaken to develop standards for odours and flavours in water under well defined conditions. Results of round robin tests in the period 1994 through 1997, demonstrated a considerable improvement in these methods. A valuable strategy is available for a successful localization of the causes of flavours and odours to protect consumers against health risks. Accordingly, these analytical techniques can give a complete view of impurities derived from distribution systems.
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Bernal, Liven Fernando Martínez, José Javier Toro Calderón, and José Herney Ramírez Franco. "Methodological proposal for the assessment of environmental aspects in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs)." E3S Web of Conferences 48 (2018): 04003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184804003.
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This work proposes a methodology specially aimed at Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). The methodology is based on the use of quantitative and qualitative indicators that allow diminishing the assessment’s subjectivity and the uncertainty of the results. This proposal was designed within the implementation of Environmental Management Systems (EMS) according to the ISO standard 14.001/2015, so it can be applied by any kind of organization interested in improving its environmental performance by identifying its environmental aspects, as well as assessing and preventing its environmental impacts. The methodological proposal assesses standard criteria like the affected area and the frequency of the activities that generate the environmental aspects. This analysis is complemented by innovative indicators such as the danger of the substances related to the environmental aspect, the time of exposure and the effects on human health. Additionally, some indicators that allow measuring the magnitude of the harm generated by the identified aspects are also included. The proposed approach has two main advantages: first, it allows integrating the environmental analysis with other management systems, such as the Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series (OHSAS 18001), quality (ISO 9001) and general requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories (ISO 17025), among others; and second, it establishes an indicators system whose frequent assessment allows following up the environmental aspects and evaluate the effectiveness of its management measures. The application of this methodology in the main seat of Universidad Nacional de Colombia revealed that the most significant environmental aspects were: generation of ordinary solid waste, consumption of potable water, consumption of electric power, generation of recyclable solid waste, and wastewater discharge.
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Blaustein, Leon, Gyongyver J. Kadas, and Jessica Gurevitch. "Integrating ecology into green roof research." Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution 62, no. 1-2 (April 12, 2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15659801.2016.1208943.
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Green roofs can provide environmental benefits that include increased building insulation, mitigating urban heat islands, providing aesthetic value, reducing runoff and storm water flooding in urban environments, improving air quality by sequestering pollutants, cooling photovoltaic panels to improve their function, and providing habitat for fauna and flora. Until very recently, improvements of green-roof environmental services had been achieved largely by horticulturalists, engineers, and architects. In recent years, ecologists have increased their participation, implementing ecological theory for enhancing biodiversity, and selecting specific plant assemblages for other environmental services such as carbon sequestration and for providing cooler roofs. Moreover, ecologists can use green roofs as relatively novel habitats for testing and developing ecological theory. This special issue is devoted to fostering input from ecologists for advancing the environmental and ecosystem services of green roofs. A wide range of ecologists can explore the topic of the ecological aspects of green roof design and implementation including island biogeography theory, niche theory and null models, the role of environmental heterogeneity, invasion ecology, and plant selection. They can contribute ecological methodology and study design for strong inference.
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Ioannidou, Vasiliki G., and Scott Arthur. "Experimental results of the hydrological performance of a permeable pavement laboratory rig." Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 69, no. 3 (April 15, 2020): 210–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2020.118.
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Abstract There is an increasing number of everyday flood incidents around the world, the impact of which poses a challenge to society, the economy and the environment. Under the Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC), green infrastructure through the use of sustainable drainage systems (SuDS) is the recommended policy to manage and treat storm water runoff. Given the limited published experimental information on permeable interlocking concrete block pavements (PICPs), this paper presents novel results from an experimental laboratory study on a permeable interlocking concrete block pavement rig, investigating the short-term hydrology of the pavement, and water quality aspects related to the retention capacity of suspended solids (SS) through the pavement structure. Results of the volume analysis demonstrate high capability of the permeable structure to reduce the concentration time and attenuate the storm. Water quality testing was employed mainly as an indicator of the tendency of the suspended solids retention by the structure, indicating increasing tendency in the sediment mass retention progressively after each rainfall event. Experimental results obtained in the present study have direct application on the implementation of PICPs in car parking lots, urbanised pavement structures and pedestrianised walkways.
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Bamberger, Michelle, and Robert E. Oswald. "Impacts of Gas Drilling on Human and Animal Health." NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy 22, no. 1 (May 2012): 51–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/ns.22.1.e.
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Environmental concerns surrounding drilling for gas are intense due to expansion of shale gas drilling operations. Controversy surrounding the impact of drilling on air and water quality has pitted industry and leaseholders against individuals and groups concerned with environmental protection and public health. Because animals often are exposed continually to air, soil, and groundwater and have more frequent reproductive cycles, animals can be used as sentinels to monitor impacts to human health. This study involved interviews with animal owners who live near gas drilling operations. The findings illustrate which aspects of the drilling process may lead to health problems and suggest modifications that would lessen but not eliminate impacts. Complete evidence regarding health impacts of gas drilling cannot be obtained due to incomplete testing and disclosure of chemicals, and nondisclosure agreements. Without rigorous scientific studies, the gas drilling boom sweeping the world will remain an uncontrolled health experiment on an enormous scale.
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Stanescu, Bogdan, Adriana Cuciureanu, Georgiana Cernica, and Gina Alina Catrina. "Approaches concerning the conceptual model for the assessment of the natural fund values of the soil and water in natural protected zones." SIMI 2019, Abstract Book, SIMI 2019 (September 20, 2019): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21698/simi.2019.fp18.
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This article provides a detailed analysis of the fundamental elements required prior to conducting on-field research of an areas chosen as case studies for the assessment of soil and water quality in the unpolluted zones. The ultimate goal of the research to be carried out over the next two years is to obtain solid and reliable data on the quality of the two environmental components in these areas. All the data obtained will be integrated into a solid and georeference database, consisting of a sample identification module (soil and water) and a module of a varied parameters that will contain up to 42 parameters analyzed in the testing laboratories. Finally, the article presents the conclusions regarding the transposition of the proposed objectives into field and laboratory activities, graphical and descriptive details integrated into a conceptual model, universally valid in order to evaluate protected natural areas without direct anthropogenic impact. Particular importance in assessing these areas is attributed to detailing aspects that can influence the research results in major way. Issues related to the sampling and subsampling of soil and water samples, their conservation and transport to the laboratory are considered relevant and major. Geomorphological criteria of details, geographic and geological information are considered important in assessing the areas chosen as case studies. The five areas selected in the present study have been described and a number of objectives and activities have been proposed for on-site research to be carried out in the near future.
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Bredenoord, Jan, Wutinai Kokkamhaeng, Pichit Janbunjong, Ongarj Nualplod, Suwatchai Thongnoy, Wasana Khongwong, Piyalak Ngernchuklin, and Aparat Mahakhant. "Interlocking Block Masonry (ISSB) for Sustainable Housing Purposes in Thailand, With Additional Examples From Cambodia and Nepal." Engineering Management Research 8, no. 2 (September 20, 2019): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/emr.v8n2p42.
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This paper is about Interlocking Stabilized Soil Blocks (ISSB) as developed in Thailand. ISSB are seen as an eco-friendly building material for home building and structures such as water tanks and sanitation facilities. For several decades the Thai R&D Institute TISTR has worked on developing and testing ISSB, which in other countries are called compressed stabilized earth blocks or CSEB. The composition of building blocks and the quality of building structures determine together the structural quality of the house or building. If there is a need for earthquake- and storm resistance, the building blocks and the structures must have specific features. Building stacked houses is an important issue given the growing scarcity of land for housing and the increasing land prices. ISSB is not only applied in Thailand, but also in Cambodia for low-cost housing and in Nepal for home reconstruction after the 2015 earthquake. ISSB or CSEB is also applied in other countries as an alternative building material and technology to replace the use of fired bricks and concrete building blocks for housing. Reducing the use of cement in the materials and structures is important for environmental reasons, but in ISSB/CSEB the use of cement as a stabilizer cannot always be avoided. This is surely the case in areas where earthquakes, heavy storms and floods can occur. Although this paper focuses mainly on technical aspects of sustainable housing and construction, there is also a focus on social sustainability, meaning a strong involvement of local communities in the production of sustainable building materials for walls, newly developed construction technologies, and mutual house and facility construction.
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Samokhvalova, V. L., O. V. Mangryka, A. I. Fateev, and V. M. Gorjakina. "Patent-information support for assessing the environmental status of the soil." Fundamental and Applied Soil Science 16, no. 1-2 (January 27, 2015): 36–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/041504.
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Innovative (patent information research, elaboration of new methods and their implementation) and environmental management, the using of human-contaminated soils, soil protection against pollution and its prevention are the basic directions of the strategic management of soil resources. In conditions of intensive anthropogenic pressure the assessment of the ecological status of soils is an important factor, which reduces the risks of soil degradation and to propose ways to restore their productive and ecological functions on the further development of functional - ecological approach in soil science (Dobrovolsky, Nikitin, 1986, 1996). Therefore, urgent and important in theoretical and practical aspect is the elaboration of new technical decisions (methods) of soil quality assessment to create conditions to improve and to prevent the reduction of the level of productivity of soils and plants, the deterioration of their quality. The purpose of the investigations – the analysis of information sources existing patent information base of Ukraine and Russia on the issue of the environmental assessment of soils and perform patent research. Tasks perform patent research: the technical level of the object; analysis of scientific and technical activities leading developers; studying trends existing way to do that; techno-economic analysis of technical solutions/inventions that meet the objectives of the development; the study of the newness and novelty of the developed object and its constituent parts; investigated of the feasibility of its legal protection. It was considered the features of assessment of the soils environmental status in the investigation of the current patent-information database in Ukraine and Russia, components of which are developed new technical decisions. It was reviewed the providing patent information to assess the ecological status of both contaminated and uncontaminated soils. By analysis it was found that the patent-information support of Ukraine and Russia relative to existing methods of soils ecological status assessment is presented by the following ways: the ways of assessing of the soils research background concentrations, mobile, gross or water-soluble forms of trace elements and heavy metals; estimates based on bioassay and bioindication in combination with chemical analytical measurement indicators; comprehensive and expert evaluation of the properties of soils and its contamination; assessment of soil quality, considering the physical, physic-chemical and others properties; assessment of soil pollution using GIS technology, etc. The technical result of the developed methods is to improve the objectivity of assessment of changing soil quality and accuracy of the expert-analytical assessments of functional suitability of soils certain territory to growing different crops on a permanent or constant impact factor of pollution; for zoning for maximum efficiency use of different methods, methods of remediation of contaminated soils or soil improvers of different nature and micronutrients using to optimize the trace element status of soil and plants, soil quality; to evaluate the effectiveness of the testing results of the elaborated technical decisions in different soil-climatic zones.
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Sinaga, Riris Rezeki, Boedi Hendrarto, and Supriharyono Supriharyono. "DESKRIPSI KAWASAN HUTAN MANGROVE BERDASARKAN SIFAT BIOFISIK DAN FAKTOR SOSIAL DI MAROON MANGROVE EDUPARK DESA TUGUREJO SEMARANG, JAWA TENGAH (Description of Area in Mangrove Forest Based on Biophysical Properties and Social Factors in Maroon Mangrove EduPark, Tugurejo Village, Semarang, Central Java )." Management of Aquatic Resources Journal (MAQUARES) 6, no. 4 (July 25, 2018): 384–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/marj.v6i4.21327.
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Kawasan sekitar Pantai Maron menjadi salah satu objek wisata baru di Kota Semarang bernama Maroon Mangrove EduPark (MMEP). MMEP merupakan kawasan seluas 1,5 hektar dengan kondisi hutan mangrove yang cukup luas. Rendahnya pengetahuan dan informasi pengelola merupakan permasalahan utama dalam pengelolaan. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui permasalahan dalam pengelolaan melalui karakteristik komunitas mangrove beserta kualitas perairan disekitarnya dari aspek nutrisi dan faktor-faktor penting dari aspek sosial. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan metode sampling. Data terdiri atas data utama dan penunjang. Data utama meliputi biofisik lingkungan dan sosial. Data penunjang meliputi data yang sudah diukur sebelumnya. Analisa data dilakukan secara deskriptif dan pengujian menggunakan Analisa Faktor. Kawasan mangrove di Maroon Mangrove EduPark yang terdapat di Desa Tugurejo Kecamatan Tugu memiliki beberapa jenis tumbuhan mangrove tetapi yang paling dominan yaitu Rizhophora dengan nilai kerapatan berkisar antara 800-2000 P/ha. Kondisi kualitas perairan di MMEP adalah suhu dengan nilai rata -rata yaitu 33- 34 °C, Nilai pH dengan nilai rata-rata 6, Salinitas air berkisar antara 25 – 26 0/00, kandungan Nitrat berkisar antar 0,8 – 1,6 mg/L dan kandungan Fosfat berkisar antara 0,034 – 0,051 mg/L. Faktor penting untuk pengembangan wisata didapatkan dua buah yaitu faktor (1) fungsi ekosistem mangrove untuk masyarakat dan faktor (2) estetika dan kondisi hutan mangrove. Faktor penting yang didapatkan diharapkan dapat menjadi solusi dalam pengelolaan. The area around Maroon Beach became one of the new tourist attraction in Semarang City named Maroon Mangrove EduPark (MMEP). MMEP is an area of 1.5 hectares with extensive mangrove forest conditions. The lack of knowledge and managerial information are a main problem in management. Purpose of this study was to know the problems in management through the characteristics of mangrove community and quality of surrounding waters from nutritional aspects and important factors from the social aspect. The research is used descriptive and sampling methods. Data consisted of main and supporting data. Primary data included environmental biophysics and social. The supporting data includes previously measured data. Data analysis were done descriptively and testing using Factor Analysis. Mangrove area in Maroon Mangrove EduPark located in Tugurejo Village Tugu District had several species of mangrove plants but the most dominant is Rizhophora with density values ranging between 800-2000 P / ha. The water quality condition in MMEP was temperature with average value of 33-34 ° C, pH value with average value 6, water salinity ranged from 25 - 26 0/00, Nitrate content ranges between 0,8 – 1,6 mg / L and Phosphate content ranges from 0,034 – 0,051 mg / L. Important factors for tourism development were two factors: (1) mangrove ecosystem function for community and factor (2) aesthetics and condition of mangrove forest. Important factors were expected to be a solution in the management.
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Lavanholi, Rogério, Fabricio C. Oliveira, Antonio P. de Camargo, José A. Frizzone, Bruno Molle, Nassim Ait-Mouheb, and Séverine Tomas. "Methodology to Evaluate Dripper Sensitivity to Clogging due to Solid Particles: An Assessment." Scientific World Journal 2018 (October 23, 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7697458.
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Emitter clogging is a major problem in microirrigation systems, which may result from the isolated or combined effects of physical, chemical, and biological agents. Clogging caused by suspended solid particles is the most common plugging form of emitters. Water quality and emitter geometry are key aspects in clogging processes. Any suitable test procedure to assess the sensitivity of drippers to clogging should take into account the predominant factors that influence clogging and must reproduce the field conditions. This research set out to assess the performance and suitability of a laboratory clogging test procedure in order to validate a methodology and to provide scientific results that may support the standardization of a clogging test method. The evaluated methodology has been used by the IRSTEA laboratory since 1974 (Platform of Research and experiment on Science and Technology for Irrigation - PReSTI, formerly LERMI) and its contents are currently being discussed by the ISO TC23/SC18 committee. The aim is to define a standardized testing protocol to evaluate the sensitivity of emitters to clogging due to solid particles. Replications analyzing the clogging resistance of four models of emitting pipes were carried out in a laboratory. The clogging test procedure enabled an accurate assessment of the combinations of concentration and size of particles that caused clogging in each model of dripper. However, a significant variability in degree of clogging was identified when the results of replications for each model of dripper were compared. Several requirements, concerns, and improvements related to the clogging test protocol were discussed.
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Querioz, Taisa Layane Salazar, Franciane Da Silva e Silva, Eurisvaldo Da Silva Nunes, Alex De Sousa Lima, Clara Virgínia Vieira Carvalho Oliveira, and Paulo Brasil Marques. "UMA PROPOSTA INTERDISCIPLINAR DE EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL A PARTIR DO TEMA ÁGUA." REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EXTENSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA 7, no. 1 (June 21, 2016): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.36661/2358-0399.2016v7i1.3078.
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Resumo: A educação ambiental se constitui numa ferramenta poderosa de apoio à preservação da qualidade de água pura para as futuras gerações. Desta forma, a inserção de temas ambientais nas atividades pedagógicas deve ter como objetivo principal a formação do cidadão crítico, participativo e ecologicamente consciente. O presente trabalho objetivou a inserção da educação ambiental em uma escola municipal de ensino fundamental da cidade de Codó/Maranhão-Brasil tendo como tema gerador a água, desenvolvendo tópicos relacionados à educação e preservação ambiental. A metodologia aplicada se constituiu de análise, planejamento, construção, ensaio e implementação no âmbito escolar, por meio de atividades cooperativas interdisciplinares, de ações de fomento da educação ambiental, a partir da temática água, levando em consideração o contexto local. Foi baseada na indissociabilidade do tripé ensino-pesquisa-extensão. De forma geral, os licenciandos foram bem aceitos no ambiente escolar, e rapidamente fizeram parte do cotidiano dos alunos, o que evidencia a boa aceitação do projeto na escola, nesta etapa inicial do projeto. Após a inserção no ambiente escolar e durante o período de observação foi diagnosticada uma situação problema bastante relevante na escola, o lixo escolar, visto que o lixo sólido também impacta na concepção da qualidade da água, uma vez que o destino final deste material pode ser o próprio rio da cidade. Observou-se que o conjunto de trabalhos realizados com os alunos, além de gerar discussão e divulgação científica, suscitou uma série de atitudes no âmbito ambiental, o que já proporciona contribuições significativas aos alunos do ensino fundamental da escola Municipal Remy Archer da cidade de Codó – Maranhão, principalmente em relação às suas formações como cidadãos e sujeitos ecológicos.
Palavras-chave: Qualidade da água, Ensino fundamental, Projetos escolares.
An Interdisciplinary Proposal of Environmental Education based on the Theme Water
Abstract: Environmental education constitutes a powerful tool to support the preservation of water quality for the future generations. Thus, addressing environmental issues in educational activities should be regarded as a goal to the formation of critical, participatory and ecologically aware citizens. The present work aimed at introducing environmental education in a public school in the city of Codó, Maranhão State, Brazil. The theme approached during the classes was water, which had as main objective to foster discussions on topics related to education and environmental preservation. The methodology consisted of the analysis, planning, development, testing and the implementation of the proposal in the school context by means of interdisciplinary cooperative activities and actions to promote environmental education based on the theme 'water'. The indissociability of the teaching-research-extension tripod was taken into account as a fundamental aspect of the project. As a general rule, the undergraduate students were well accepted in the school and were quickly integrated in the students’ daily routine. This demonstrates the wide acceptance of the project in the school even at its early stage. After the introduction of the proposal, and during the observation period, the school waste was diagnosed as a relevant problem to be addressed, since it majorly affected the quality of the river in which it was released. All the activities undertaken by and with the students provided an environment for discussions and scientific information. Furthermore, the project promoted a number of attitudes in the environmental context which provided significant contributions to the students of the elementary school Remy Archer of Codó city, mainly in relation to their formation as citizens and ecologically aware subjects.
Key-words: Environmental education. Water. Elementary school.
Una Propuesta Interdisciplinaria de Educación Ambiental con el Tema Agua
Resumen: La educación ambiental constituye una herramienta de gran alcance para apoyar la preservación de la calidad del agua para las generaciones futuras. De esta manera, la inclusión de las cuestiones ambientales en las actividades pedagógicas debe estar dirigida a la formación de ciudadanos críticos, participativos y ecológicamente conscientes. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo introducir la educación ambiental en una escuela pública de enseñanza fundamental en la ciudad de Codó, en la provincia de Maranhão, Brasil, teniendo el asunto agua como tema generador, y el desarrollo de temas relacionados con la educación y la preservación del medio ambiente. La metodología consistió en el análisis, planificación, construcción, experimentos y puesta en práctica en el ámbito escolar, a través de actividades de cooperación interdisciplinaria, de acciones para promover la educación ambiental, basada en el tema agua, teniendo en cuenta el contexto local. Los aspectos metodológicos también se basaron en la inseparabilidad de la trípode enseñanza-investigación-extensión. En general, los estudiantes del grado fueron bien aceptados en el entorno escolar y rápidamente hicieron parte de la vida cotidiana de los estudiantes, lo que demuestra la gran aceptación del proyecto en la escuela en esta primera etapa. Tras la inserción en el cotidiano escolar y durante el período de observación, fue diagnosticada una situación problema muy relevante en la escuela: la basura. Los residuos sólidos también afectan la calidad del agua, ya que el destino final de este material puede ser el río de la ciudad. Se observó que todo el trabajo realizado con los estudiantes generó el debate y la divulgación científica, y planteó una serie de actitudes ambientales, que ya ofrece importantes contribuciones a los estudiantes de la escuela primaria Remy Archer en la ciudad de Codó, principalmente en relación a su formación como ciudadanos y sujetos ecológicos.
Palabras-clave: Educación ambiental. Agua. Escuela primaria.
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PACKHAM, R. F. "Chemical Aspects of Water Quality and Health." Water and Environment Journal 4, no. 5 (October 1990): 484–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.1990.tb01457.x.
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DADSWELL, J. V. "Microbiological Aspects of Water Quality and Health." Water and Environment Journal 4, no. 6 (December 1990): 515–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.1990.tb01463.x.
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Koch, Michael. "Regulatory aspects of proficiency testing: experience from the water sector." Accreditation and Quality Assurance 9, no. 11-12 (April 29, 2004): 684–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00769-004-0816-z.
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Wijnen, Bas, G. C. Anzalone, and Joshua M. Pearce. "Open-source mobile water quality testing platform." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 4, no. 3 (May 9, 2014): 532–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2014.137.
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The developing world remains plagued by lack of access to safe drinking water. Although many low-cost methods have been developed to treat contaminated water, low-cost methods for water-quality testing are necessary to determine if these appropriate technologies are needed, effective, and reliable. This paper provides a methodology for the design, development, and technical validation of a low-cost, open-source (OS) water testing platform. A case study is presented where the platform is developed to provide both the colorimetry for biochemical oxygen demand/chemical oxygen demand and nephelometry to measure turbidity using method ISO 7027. This approach resulted in equipment that is as accurate, but costs between 7.5 and 15 times less than current commercially available tools. It is concluded that OS hardware development is a promising solution for the equipment necessary to perform water quality measurements in both developed and developing regions.
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El-Shaarawi, A. H., and R. E. Kwiatkowski. "Statistical aspects of water quality monitoring (Developments in water science, vol. 27)." Analytica Chimica Acta 201 (1987): 374–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0003-2670(00)85380-5.
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Rogers, S. E., and W. C. Lauer. "Denver's Demonstration of Potable Water Reuse: Water Quality and Health Effects Testing." Water Science and Technology 26, no. 7-8 (October 1, 1992): 1555–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0599.
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The product water of the Denver (Colorado) Potable Water Reuse Demonstration Plant is compared to national and international standards for drinking water quality and with the high quality of the present drinking water supply. For parameters which cannot be analyzed or quantified, health effects testing is performed on concentrates of the existing and the innovative supplies. In order to determine relative risk, the health effects are assessed using the measures of chronic toxicity, carcinogenicity, and reproductive toxicity. For measurable constituents, the potable reuse product water equals or exceeds the high quality of Denver's existing drinking water. The preliminary results of the health effects testing demonstrate no health effects associated with either water. Potable reuse is shown to be an acceptable alternative water source which should be evaluated with other traditional supplies.
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Cook, L. G., K. M. Harrower, and A. P. Mackey. "Biological Aspects of Water Management." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 2 (February 1, 1989): 237–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0056.
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This paper firstly reviews the microbiological aspects of the accumulation of xenobiotic and non-xenobiotic substances from industrial and domestic waste water treatments, with particular reference to hydrocarbons, pesticides and inorganic plant nutrients. The paper goes on to argue that if water bodies are to be used to establish recreational fisheries as well as for water supply and effluent disposal, then the management aim may need to be one of controlled eutrophy. Ramifications of this proposal are considered. The biological aspects of the impact of other recreational and amenity uses of water bodies on water and environmental quality is briefly described. The paper concludes by discussing the training required by potential water managers.
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Sherf, Z., A. Katz, P. Hopstone, A. Edelstein, I. Yogev, and D. Peleg. "Aspects of the Acoustic Testing of an Electronic System: Acoustic Versus Vibration Testing." Journal of the IEST 47, no. 1 (September 14, 2004): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.47.1.b81113pn56114774.
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In this paper, the vibratory responses excited in an electronic device during a vibration test and an acoustic test are compared. It was found that the responses differ significantly for items mounted on vibration isolators. Under certain circumstances (stiff mounting of the elements in the device and for a certain vibration axis), a higher similarity can be noted between the vibration and acoustic tests. Due to the lack of excitation above 2000 Hz during the vibration testing, failures caused by excitation in this range are not detected, which is significant for small components. The higher responses in the low frequency range during the vibration test can induce unrealistic failures. Application of the vibration test separately for individual axes as opposed to the distributed loading applied during the acoustic test can also result in undetected failures.
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Heida, Henk, and Ron van der Oost. "Sediment pore water toxicity testing." Water Science and Technology 34, no. 7-8 (October 1, 1996): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0608.
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The toxicity of the pore water from the sediments of nine fresh water systems in and around Amsterdam City was studied with the aid of four acute toxicity tests. Based on preliminary chemical analysis, the sediments of three of the tested systems had to be considered strongly contaminated, according to the quality standards derived from the Dutch Law on Soil Pollution Control. In addition, the acute toxicity of groundwater from a heavily contaminated industrial building site was also examined. The following toxicity tests were used. 1. Microtox bioluminescence assay, or Microtox test. This test is based on the inhibition of bioluminescence of Photobacterium phosphoreum; 2. Rotoxkit F, based on the LC50 of Brachionus calyciflorus; 3. Thamnotoxkit F, based on the LC50 of Thamnocephalus plaxyurus; 4. Toxichromotest, based on the inhibition of β-galactosidase formation in Escherichia coli. The objective of the study was to test the feasibility of the toxicity tests as a tool for the risk evaluation of contaminated sites, both in water and on land. The results indicated that the sediments of three of the eight sites studied could be classified as toxic and one site even as very toxic. The outcome of the toxicity testing confirmed the results of the chemical analysis for only one site. It appeared that the Microtox and the Thamnotoxkit F tests were the most sensitive acute toxicity tests. It could be concluded that the resolution of the toxicity tests scrutinized was insufficient to reliably discriminate the environmental quality of the sediments at the locations studied. The bioassays, however, are useful in determining remediation priorities of contaminated sites.
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Arenholt-Bindslev, D. "Dental Amalgam— Environmental Aspects." Advances in Dental Research 6, no. 1 (September 1992): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08959374920060010501.
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Increasing knowledge about the risk of toxic effects caused by anthropogenic mercury accumulation in ecosystems has resulted in a growing pressure for reduction of the discharge of mercury waste. Consequently, the mercury waste problems of dental clinics have been given increased attention, and restrictions on handling and discharge of contaminated waste have been established in several countries. Major amalgam particles from trituration surplus of those produced during the carving and burnishing of new amalgam restorations are generally collected in coarse filters and sold for refinement. Minor amalgam particles released by production of new fillings or by removal of old restorations partly sediment in tubes and drains. The remaining particles are carried with the waste water stream to the local purifying plant. In Scandinavia, the industrial discharge of mercury-contaminated waste water has been reduced to a minimum. According to recent investigations, dental clinics appear to be responsible for the major amount of mercury collected in the sludge generated in purifying plants. If threshold values for heavy metal content, including mercury, are exceeded, the sludge is not allowed to be recycled as fertilizer. Installation of an approved amalgam-separating apparatus in dental clinics is now mandatory in several countries-for example, Switzerland, Germany, Sweden, and Denmark. Approval of amalgam separators is based on national testing programs, including clinical or laboratory tests demanding 95-99% separating efficiency.
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Yastrebova, A. Yu, and E. E. Gulyaeva. "Right to Health in the International Legal System of Human Rights at the Universal and Regional Levels." Moscow Journal of International Law, no. 2 (July 9, 2021): 99–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/0869-0049-2021-2-99-121.
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INTRODUCTION. The individual's right to health is a set of natural and positive legal frameworks that govern a person’s life activity, individual and family wellbeing, enforcement of health guarantees by the statesparticipants of universal and regional treaties of the field under question. The formation of this right stems from biological characteristics of each person, socio-economic conditions, environment, access to health and sanitation services, national health-care system progress, existence of vulnerable groups of population. Goals of the UN Sustainable Development Agenda 2030 (UN General Assembly resolution 70/1) include such essential aspects of the right to health as ending poverty and hunger in all its forms everywhere; promote food security and healthy lifestyle; the well-being of all individuals at any age; ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all; protection and restoration of water-related ecosystems; enhancement of the States capacity to prevent and reduce national and global health risks. According to the position of the World Health Organization (WHO) the right to health imposes on the States a legal obligation to ensure timely access to adequate levels of high-quality health care, clean and safe drinking water, sanitation, adequate nutrition, shelter, health-related information and education, gender equality. As a result, the considerable amount of attention is paid to the analysis of the content of general and specific international instruments at the universal level and the international legal specificities of enshrining and maintaining an individual's right to health. The text also places the emphasis on its normative framing in the law of the Council of Europe and the European Union, reflecting the decisions and rulings of the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR).MATERIALS AND METHODS. The legal framework of the study is based on universal international treaties of the UN system, regional regulations of the Council of Europe and the EU, legal position of the UN specialized agencies, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and the ECHR. The scientific works of domestic and foreign authors related to the study of the right to health are used as a theoretical foundation. The research uses general scientific and special cognitive techniques wherein legal analysis and synthesis, systemic, formal-legal, comparative-legal, historical-legal and dialectical methods are applied.RESEARCH RESULTS. The research indicates that the modern international legal concept of the right to health is being developed at the universal and regional level. Furthermore, specific international legal guarantees for the protection of this right are emerging for special groups such as women and children, refugees, stateless persons and migrant workers, protected persons, the wounded and the sick – all persons affected by international armed conflicts. There is a certain trend in Council of Europe and EU law towards an extended interpretation of the human right to health responding to new challenges to the realization that right, concerning bioethics, human genome editing, and the effects of nuclear testing and environmental pollution.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. Following a review of the content and implementation of the right to health in the universal and regional international legal systems for the human rights and freedoms protection, the authors suggest its incorporation in a group of personal rights, social benefits provided by the state, and simultaneously in a collective right to development pertaining to the population as a whole. The universal international legal institutions establishing special rights for vulnerable groups will continue to be applied by member states in the context of a situational response to the global needs of families, women and children, international migration, armed conflicts, environmental conditions, and bioethical issues. The authors encourage the complement of the European system of human rights protection with an additional protocol to the Council of Europe Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms of 1950, involving the right to health security.
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Dolgen, D. "Legal aspects of sea water quality: Turkish and EU directives." Water Science and Technology 51, no. 11 (June 1, 2005): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0389.
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This paper primarily addresses underlying laws and regulations related to protection of the coastal environment and examines their implementation. In this context, Directive 76/160/EEC which is the leading directive on the quality of bathing water and its revision, i.e. Commission Proposal COM (2000) 860 Final, is investigated particularly and criticized on technical and scientific manner; and similar and dissimilar issues between the Community Directives and Turkish Laws are evaluated. The conducted study reveals that although the Turkish legislation in the field of water quality is largely in line with the acquis, further efforts are also needed with respect to implementation in order to achieve full harmonization.
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Di Risio, Marcello, Donald F. Hayes, and Davide Pasquali. "Marine Sediments: Processes, Transport and Environmental Aspects." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 4 (April 2, 2020): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8040243.
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Chen, Ye, Qingyun Ma, Chao Liu, and Qiang Shu. "Multi-parameter water quality testing model for marine environmental pollution emergency response." DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT 187 (2020): 133–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2020.25310.
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Gupta, N. Vishal, Nataraj Hm, and Ravi G. "VALIDATION OF WATER PURIFICATION SYSTEM." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 4 (April 1, 2017): 409. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i4.16955.
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Objective: Validation of water treatment systems is required to achieve water with all preferred quality attributes. This also delivers a circumstantial to establish a total control over the process which screens efficacy, safety, and ultimately, the process outcomes. The goal of steering validation is to establish that a process when operated within established limits, yields a product of reliable and definite quality with a high degree of assurance.Methods: The current work is an effort to deliberate several aspects of validation comprising different approaches, machineries of water purification systems, equipment qualifications, performance testing phases, microbial and chemical analysis of water samples, documentation, and post-validationmonitoring. Mainly the validation is done for new water plants in pharmaceutical industry.Results and Discussion: Sampling of water was carried out after each step in the purification process, and the results were found within limits.Conclusion: Water purification systems must be operated in the interior regulatory guidelines as with pharmaceutical manufacture facilities.Successful achievement of validation is confirmed by various testing phases. Usually, a three-phase testing approach is recommended over an extendedperiod to prove reliability and robustness of the system for producing water of specified quality with a high degree of assurance.Keywords: Validation, Water purification systems, Quality attributes, Pharmaceutical manufacture facilities, Microbial and chemical analysis.
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House, Margaret A. "Public perception and water quality management." Water Science and Technology 34, no. 12 (December 1, 1996): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0295.
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The visual and odorous characteristics of the environment tend to be those which have the greatest impact upon the public's assessment of environmental quality. In many cases the public's perception of water quality may be based entirely on these aesthetic aspects of a water environment. Those responsible for the management of surface water quality recognise the need to apply a range of management strategies including a consideration of the public's perception of water quality and the impact of this upon their use of rivers and beaches for recreation and amenity. This paper reports upon the results from a recent investigation into the impact of sewage derived litter on perceived water and environmental quality.
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Hussein, Rabar Mohammed, Bulent Sen, and Feray Sonmez. "EUTROPHICATION PROCESSAND WATER QUALITY INDICES." International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 6, no. 9 (April 2, 2020): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v6.i9.2019.453.
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The paper recent by indices of water quality and effects of eutrophication, Water is one of the most widely distributed substances across the world’s surface and is crucial for a variety of aspects of human health, development and well-being as well as for the functioning of natural ecosystems. Eutrophication is an environmental process enrichment of waters by inorganic nutrients, especially these nutrients are nitrogen and phosphors and results from primary productions. On the other hand, Pollution by eutrophication due to the problems in lakes, rivers and marine habitat. Water quality is important for our health and well-being, can be used for diffident purposes.
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Pintér, J., and L. Somlyódy. "Optimization of Regional Water Quality Monitoring Strategies." Water Science and Technology 19, no. 5-6 (May 1, 1987): 721–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1987.0251.
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A conceptual framework is presented for optimizing the operation of regional monitoring networks which assist water quality management. The primary objective of the studied network is to determine the annual nutrient load carried into a lake by its tributaries. Following the description of the basic (single time–period, single water quality indicator) model, several extension possibilities and computational aspects are highlighted. The suggested methodology is illustrated by a numerical example, concerning the surveillance system on the tributaries of Lake Balaton (Hungary).
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Zambrano, Micaela Jimena, Gisela Evelín Rautenberg, Alejo Fabian Bonifacio, Iohanna Filippi, María Valeria Amé, Rocío Inés Bonansea, and Andrea Cecilia Hued. "Effects of water quality on aspects of reproductive biology of Cnesterodon decemmaculatus." Science of The Total Environment 645 (December 2018): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.084.
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Dewhurst, R. E., A. Callaghan, R. Connon, M. Crane, J. D. Mather, and R. Wood. "TOXICITY TESTING OF GROUNDWATER QUALITY." Water and Environment Journal 19, no. 1 (March 2005): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2005.tb00544.x.
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Vyas, Neha. "Environmental Aspects of Project Management." Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 33, no. 2 (April 2008): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090920080205.
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The primary challenge in project management is to achieve all of the defined project goals and objectives while adhering to typical constraints which are usually scope, quality, time, and budget. Often, the basic flaw in project planning and design is the complete neglect or minimal consideration of environmental and social costs and dependence only on economic analysis for project preparation and investment. A failure to understand and internalize adverse or negative impacts on environment during project preparation could lead to several undesirable consequences, which may ultimately jeopardize the very objectives of growth and development for which the project was proposed. In this paper, the author stresses upon the need for environmental management for successful project completion and discusses the challenges of addressing the key environmental issues. Environmental management is not just about the ‘trees and bees’ but also about health, safety, profits, quality assurance, reduced risks to reputation, and increased global competitiveness, states the author. Overall, it is about efficiency and reducing environmental and legal liabilities. It is argued that sound environment management reduces the unforeseen obstacles and bottlenecks that may otherwise hamper the delivery of project objectives while helping to improve the environmental performance of project operations. The key environmental issues resulting from agricultural, mining, manufacturing, and urban operations include: severe degradation of air quality due to industrial and vehicular pollution contamination of land and water resources due to pesticides, fertilizers, and dumping of hazardous wastes depletion of raw material reserves contamination of surface and ground water sources due to discharge of sewage and industrial effluents deforestation. Environmental impact assessment (EIA) study is suggested as a tool for formulating an environment management plan. EIA should, however, not be treated just as a tool for regulatory compliance but as an instrument for improving project management per se with proper expertise, time, and budget allocations made for the purpose. In environmental management, the moot question is: How to get started? The author's advice is to start small and simple and gradually turn them into action plans for a worksite and subsequently up-scale them for the entire company. It is ultimately the actions taken at personal or community level or as a project manager that matters the most when it comes to environmental sustainability. Policies and plans merely show the way. It is becoming increasingly important to make environmental management an economic driver that would serve to minimize environmental damages and promote resource efficiency and cost savings to businesses.
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Klamt, Rodrigo Augusto, Adilson Ben da Costa, Mari Ângela Gaedke, and Eduardo Alexis Lobo. "Drinking water quality indices: a systematic review." Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 16, no. 2 (March 30, 2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2630.
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This analysis applied systematic review as a methodology for identifying, analyzing and interpreting data on the use of water quality indices for human consumption. Scientific articles were searched in the “PubMed”, “Scielo”, “ScienceDirect” and “Web of Science" databases, using the keywords “drinking water” and “water quality index”, with a custom interval between 2000 and 2020. The results indicated 82,573 published articles, with 16 of them being selected after a filtering process. The occurrence of 11 water quality indices was verified, including 47 water quality parameters used to assess the quality of drinking water, highlighting that the parameters pH, Nitrate, Turbidity, Chloride and Sulfate were the most used, cited in 10 of the 16 articles selected (62,5%). We suggest that future studies seek to propose regionalized water quality indicators for consumption, in order to consider local aspects in the evaluation process and to determine intervention priorities by health surveillance agencies.
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Shellie, Krista C., and George L. Hosfield. "Genotype × Environmental Effects on Food Quality of Common Bean: Resource-efficient Testing Procedures." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 116, no. 4 (July 1991): 732–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.116.4.732.
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Genetic and environmental interactions for bean cooking time, water absorption, and protein content were estimated with 10 dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars grown at three locations in Rwanda, Africa, during five consecutive harvests. The genotypic variance component was larger than genotype × environment variance components for the cooking time index and percent water absorption. No significant genotypic effect was observed for seed protein content. The phenotypic correlation (-0.37) between the cooking time index and percent water absorption was not strong enough to justify the use of water absorption as an indirect selection method for cooking time. The most efficient allocation of resources to evaluate the cooking time of common bean cultivars with a 25-pin bar-drop cooker was four field replications over two harvests at two locations. Water absorption was evaluated most efficiently with four field replications over two harvests at a single location.
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Okyere, Charles Yaw. "Demand for environmental quality: averting behaviors impacts and valuation in Southern Ghana." Water Policy 23, no. 2 (February 1, 2021): 358–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2021.196.
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Abstract Using a cluster randomized evaluation in Southern Ghana, this paper estimates the impacts of water quality testing and information on averting behaviors, demand and expenditures on water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH). Households are randomly assigned into either child treatment or adult treatment or comparison group. The study also elicits households' valuation of water quality testing and information using a stated preference approach. The study finds that averting behaviors and expenses on WASH increased more in the treatment households than the comparison households. The results also show that the experiment does not lead to demand for WASH information and infrastructure, except for water treatment in the adult treatment group. Contingent valuation estimates of households' willingness to pay (WTP) for water quality testing and information are lower than the cost, and are consistent with previous studies which show low valuation of water quality technology in Ghana. The WTP in the treatment groups are lower than the comparison group. The study also finds differential impacts on some of the outcome measures based on the random assignment into the treatment groups. The results have research and policy implications on the demand for preventive health goods and environmental quality in developing countries.
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Benedek, Pál. "Water Quality and Health (Review of the Internationaal Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Decade)." Water Science and Technology 23, no. 1-3 (January 1, 1991): 229–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1991.0420.
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A review is presented of the development of the International Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Decade (IDWSSD) launched in 1981 and terminated in 1990. Health aspects of drinking water quality in relation to chemical water contamination are investigated and an outlook to the future is presented as far as the tasks of water pollution control are concerned.
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Osipov, V. I. "Environmental aspects of sustainable development." Вестник Российской академии наук 89, no. 7 (July 8, 2019): 718–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869-5873897718-727.
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The term "sustainable development" is based on the fundamental principle of improving human quality of life without destroying the natural environment (the biosphere). Humankind develops through the consumption of renewable (air, water, landscapes, and biota) and nonrenewable (fuel, ores, and other mineral resources) resources from the Earth. Constant renewal of resources is an essential condition for sustainable development. However, the present-day use of nature ignores this requirement, which inevitably leads to the depletion of resources, degradation of ecosystems, and global ecological disaster. This paper considers the modern level of consumption of life-supporting resources, which exceeds the permissible limits, and possible ways to prevent the approaching disaster. We draw several conclusions regarding the necessity to adopt a radically new nature-use strategy on the bases of the rational use and reproduction of resources as well as the development of new technologies of energy production from nontraditional sources.
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Johnson, T. C., and S. H. Williams. "From Canals to Lakes in South-East Queensland (Australia); Water Quality Aspects." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 2 (February 1, 1989): 261–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0061.
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Imhoff, K. R. "Water pollution control measures and water quality development in the Ruhr catchment 1972-1992." Water Science and Technology 32, no. 5-6 (September 1, 1995): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0605.
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Since five million people have to rely on Ruhr water as a source for potable water supply, quality and quantity aspects of the river are very important for the region. In the last 20 years, 2.1 × 109 DM have been spent for water quality control in the Ruhr basin. The most important types of plants and the progress in river water quality are described.
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Brown, S. A. P., and A. M. van Niekerk. "Strategic approaches to the development and implementation of water quality management plans." Water Science and Technology 32, no. 5-6 (September 1, 1995): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0560.
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Catchment water quality management plans are central to the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry's (DWAF) water quality management strategy. Catchment plans provide a coherent framework to ensure that fitness for use is achieved at catchment level. This paper describes DWAF's perspective on and approach to key aspects associated with the development and implementation of catchment water quality management plans. It expands on the role and composition of a catchment water quality management plan; the guiding principles inherent to the development of a management plan; the key success factors ensuring implementability; key aspects associated with the development of the plan, public participation, project structure, water users and setting water quality objectives and various aspects in DWAF's approach for future consideration.
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Barnwal, Prabhat, Alexander van Geen, Jan von der Goltz, and Chander Kumar Singh. "Demand for environmental quality information and household response: Evidence from well-water arsenic testing." Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 86 (November 2017): 160–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2017.08.002.
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Dierberg, Forrest E., and Neil E. Carriker. "Field testing two instruments for remotely sensing water quality in the Tennessee Valley." Environmental Science & Technology 28, no. 1 (January 1994): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es00050a004.
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Bielmyer, Gretchen K., Stephen J. Klaine, Joseph R. Tomasso, and W. Raymon Arnold. "Changes in water quality after addition of sea salts to fresh water: implications during toxicity testing." Chemosphere 57, no. 11 (December 2004): 1707–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.05.040.
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Arifjanov, Aybek M., Tursunoy A. Apakhujaeva, and Dušan Húska. "Sediment Movement Mode in rivers of Uzbekistan – Environmental Aspects." Acta Horticulturae et Regiotecturae 21, no. 1 (May 1, 2018): 10–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ahr-2018-0003.
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Abstract Central Asian rivers are rich in sediments that affect the construction of hydrotechnical constructions. In this article the influence of sediments on water quality and amelioration conditions of agricultural fields was analyzed and information was given on possibilities of controlling the sediment flow.
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Kübeck, Ch, W. van Berk, and A. Bergmann. "Modelling raw water quality: development of a drinking water management tool." Water Science and Technology 59, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.766.
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Ensuring future drinking water supply requires a tough management of groundwater resources. However, recent practices of economic resource control often does not involve aspects of the hydrogeochemical and geohydraulical groundwater system. In respect of analysing the available quantity and quality of future raw water, an effective resource management requires a full understanding of the hydrogeochemical and geohydraulical processes within the aquifer. For example, the knowledge of raw water quality development within the time helps to work out strategies of water treatment as well as planning finance resources. On the other hand, the effectiveness of planed measurements reducing the infiltration of harmful substances such as nitrate can be checked and optimized by using hydrogeochemical modelling. Thus, within the framework of the InnoNet program funded by Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology, a network of research institutes and water suppliers work in close cooperation developing a planning and management tool particularly oriented on water management problems. The tool involves an innovative material flux model that calculates the hydrogeochemical processes under consideration of the dynamics in agricultural land use. The program integrated graphical data evaluation is aligned on the needs of water suppliers.
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Gavrishin, A., E. Kaftanaty, and D. Bezmolitvennyi. "TWO ASPECTS IN ASSESSING THE QUALITY OF GEOCHEMICAL INFORMATION." EurasianUnionScientists 7, no. 11(80) (December 14, 2020): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/esu.2413-9335.2020.7.80.1143.
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The main purpose of the research is to improve the quality of geochemical information by developing and applying effective methods of analyzing the quality of data on the chemical composition of environmental objects. Two phases-types are highlighted in geochemical quality assessment methods: 1. The quality of geochemical information formation and the assessment of errors at various stages of its receipt (testing, analysis of chemical composition, storage and transmission of information, ways of interpreting the results, etc.). Assessment of the quality of geochemical information to address geoecological environmental problems and pollution of natural and anthropogenic objects. International control experiments have shown that real errors far exceed the values regulated by the guidelines; there has been a permanence of the regional level of error for many decades and the reproducibility of definitions is close in size to quantitative and approximate-quantitative methods of micronutrient analysis. The article examines the methodology and shows the high effectiveness of assessing the quality of geochemical information for geoecological tasks using the method of total pollution indicator.
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Mamulak, Yulita Iryani, and Chatarina Gradict Semiun. "CONTRIBUTION Of RIPARIAN VEGETATION TO WATER QUALITY IN SPRING WATER ORAS." Indonesian Journal of Applied Research (IJAR) 2, no. 1 (April 27, 2021): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30997/ijar.v2i1.95.
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Soba Village, West Amarasi Subdistrict, Kupang Regency is located in East Nusa Tenggara Province with abundant natural resources. One of the natural resources is a natural spring with abundant diversity of riparian vegetation. The diversity of riparian vegetation around water sources plays an important role in water quality. This study aimed to identify the diversity of riparian vegetation around springs and to determine water quality. The method used was plot installation, identification of riparian vegetation types, measurement of environmental factors and water quality testing. The results showed that there were 12 species of tree vegetation with a total of 74 individuals, the most common tree species found was Canangan odorata with a relative abundance of 24.32%, followed by Cocos nucifera 18.92%, and Areca sp. 16.22%. Meanwhile, the least species found were Tectona grandis, Mangifera indica, Artocarpus altilis, and Syzygium aqueum with relative species abundance of 1.35%. The results of quantitative analysis of the relative frequency found tree species Areca sp. and Cocos nucifera had the highest value, namely 19.05%. Meanwhile, the highest relative dominance value was found in thespecies Artocarpus altilis. The results of water quality testing with 3 parameters namely physical, chemical and bacteriological showed a COD value of 85.03 mg / L, a total colifrorm of 45 and a total fecal colliform of 230
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Mustapha, Adamu, and Ahmad Zaharin Aris. "Spatial aspects of surface water quality in the Jakara Basin, Nigeria using chemometric analysis." Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A 47, no. 10 (August 2012): 1455–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10934529.2012.673305.
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Chapman, Peter M., Michael D. Paine, Tim Moran, and Ted Kierstead. "Refinery water (intake and effluent) quality: Update of 1970s with 1990s toxicity testing." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 13, no. 6 (June 1994): 897–909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620130608.
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