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Journal articles on the topic 'Water requirements'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Sedláček, Martin. "Requirements for engineer information in water crossing." Vojenské rozhledy 28, no. 4 (2019): 44–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3849/2336-2995.28.2019.04.044-062.

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2

Soifer, S. Ya. "Irrigation Water Quality Requirements." Water International 12, no. 1-2 (1987): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02508068708686548.

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3

Gunson, A. J., B. Klein, M. Veiga, and S. Dunbar. "Reducing mine water requirements." Journal of Cleaner Production 21, no. 1 (2012): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2011.08.020.

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4

Wang, Xin Hua, Mei Hua Guo, and Hui Mei Liu. "Research Dry Crop and Irrigation Water Requirement in Environment Engineering." Applied Mechanics and Materials 340 (July 2013): 961–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.340.961.

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According to Kunming 1980-2010 monthly weather data and CROPWAT software and the corresponding crop data, crop water requirements and irrigation water use are calculated. By frequency analysis, irrigation water requirement was get for different guaranteed rate. The results show that: corn, potatoes, tobacco, and soybeans average crop water requirements were 390.7mm, 447.9mm, 361.8mm and 328.4mm, crop water dispersion coefficient is small, period effective rainfall during crop growth in most of the year can meet the crop water requirements, so irrigation water demand is small. While the multi-y

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5

Trout, T. J., and J. Gartung. "IRRIGATION WATER REQUIREMENTS OF STRAWBERRIES." Acta Horticulturae, no. 664 (December 2004): 665–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2004.664.84.

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6

Smesrud, Jason K., and John S. Selker. "Postharvest water requirements of peppermint." Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 30, no. 11-12 (1999): 1657–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00103629909370318.

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7

Noble-Nesbiti, John. "Insects and Their Water Requirements." Interdisciplinary Science Reviews 15, no. 3 (1990): 264–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/isr.1990.15.3.264.

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8

PACKHAM, R. F. "Drinking Water: Future Quality Requirements." Water and Environment Journal 7, no. 5 (1993): 532–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.1993.tb00882.x.

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9

McMahan, Erin K., and Maria Lopez-Carbo. "Mapping Ground Water Rule Requirements." Opflow 36, no. 6 (2010): 26–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8701.2010.tb03026.x.

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10

Stark, Blake. "Surface Water Treatment Rule Requirements." Opflow 43, no. 8 (2017): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8701.2017.tb02856.x.

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11

Rizaiza, Omar S. Abu, and Mohamed N. Allam. "Water Requirements versus Water Availability in Saudi Arabia." Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 115, no. 1 (1989): 64–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9496(1989)115:1(64).

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12

Chukwudi Paulinus, Ohaji Evans, and Mahmud Hussaini. "Agricultural Water Management for Rice Production: A Comprehensive Analysis." International Journal of Agriculture and Earth Science 10, no. 2 (2024): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.56201/ijaes.v10.no2.2024.pg13.22.

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The identified problem revolves around establishing the water requirements for rice seeding, growth, and maturity in hot climatic conditions. This study reviews the net water requirement for rice growth or production under various climatic conditions in the Cross River Basin. It was observed that the water requirement from seeding to harvest varies from location to location, maintaining a FAO range, as postulated by Brouwer et al., 1986, ultimately falling between 450mm to 700mm for hot weather.The methodology used for investigating the Net Irrigation Water Requirements for rice growth to matu

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13

Jadeja, Poojaba, and Milan K. Chudasama. "FAO-CROPWAT 8.0 Used for Analysis of Water Requirements and Irrigation Schedule in the Kutch Region of Gujarat." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 4 (2022): 3337–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.42068.

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Abstract: Water is an important input for agriculture so this valuable resource is designed properly and deliverable. Reasonable information on evapotranspiration, crop water requirements, and net irrigation requirements is required for effective planning of this resource. To use optimum amount of water for crops and reduce irrigation quantity, some form of irrigation scheduling should be used by the farming community. Unscientific and injudicious application of groundwater in this region resulted in depletion of the groundwater table. To achieve effective utilization of the groundwater resour

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14

Mashabatu, Munashe, Nonofo Motsei, Nebojša Jovanović, Timothy Dube, Ubaidullah Mathews, and Yolanda Nqumkana. "Assessing the Seasonal Water Requirement of Fully Mature Japanese Plum Orchards: A Systematic Review." Applied Sciences 14, no. 10 (2024): 4097. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14104097.

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Japanese plums have relatively high water requirements, which depend on supplementing rainfall volumes with accurately quantified irrigation water. There is a lack of knowledge on the seasonal water requirements of plum orchards. This gap in the literature poses an imminent threat to the long-term sustainability of the South African plum industry, which is particularly plagued by climate change and diminishing water resources. The systematic literature review conducted in this study aimed to provide a foundation for supporting water management in irrigated Japanese plum [Prunus salicina Lindl.

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15

Jia, Kun, Wei Zhang, Bingyan Xie, Xitong Xue, Feng Zhang, and Dongrui Han. "Does Climate Change Increase Crop Water Requirements of Winter Wheat and Summer Maize in the Lower Reaches of the Yellow River Basin?" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 24 (2022): 16640. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192416640.

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With increasing water resources stress under climate change, it is of great importance to deeply understand the spatio-temporal variation of crop water requirements and their response to climate change for achieving better water resources management and grain production. However, the quantitative evaluation of climate change impacts on crop water requirements and the identification of determining factors should be further explored to reveal the influencing mechanism and actual effects thoroughly. In this study, the water requirements of winter wheat and summer maize from 1981 to 2019 in the lo

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16

Dryden, G. McL. "Quantitative nutrition of deer: energy, protein and water." Animal Production Science 51, no. 4 (2011): 292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an10176.

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The quantitative requirements of deer for energy, protein and water are reviewed, using where possible a factorial approach to defining requirements. Deer may be more efficient than cattle and sheep in metabolising digested energy and in utilising metabolisable energy as a source of net energy. The average net energy requirement for maintenance (NEm) of adult, non-lactating deer in winter–spring is 0.39 MJ/W (kg)0.75 per day. Temperate species have a higher requirement in summer–autumn, and tropical species in a subtropical environment have a greater requirement in winter. NEm declines with ag

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17

Surfia Dioh, Francis. "ASSESSMENT OF WATER REQUIREMENT OF TEN SELECTED CROPS CULTIVATED IN CESTOS RIVER BASIN GREENVILLE, LIBERIA USING THE CROPWAT 8.0 SOFTWARE." International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology 7, no. 4 (2022): 15–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33564/ijeast.2022.v07i04.003.

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Water is the most important factor for agriculture, and with climate change, the need for efficient irrigation water for crops is increasing. Irrigation water supplies are dwindling and shortages have been reported in many parts of the world. To meet basic human needs, the increase in water consumption due to rapid population growth requires the expansion of food production through irrigation and industrial production and as such, this study aims to determine the crop water requirement as well as the irrigation schedule of ten crops; potatoes, bananas, mangos, rice, groundnut, pepper, cabbage,

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18

Svardal, K., and H. Kroiss. "Energy requirements for waste water treatment." Water Science and Technology 64, no. 6 (2011): 1355–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.221.

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The actual mathematical models describing global climate closely link the detected increase in global temperature to anthropogenic activity. The only energy source we can rely on in a long perspective is solar irradiation which is in the order of 10,000 kW/inhabitant. The actual primary power consumption (mainly based on fossil resources) in the developed countries is in the range of 5 to 10 kW/inhabitant. The total power contained in our nutrition is in the range of 0.11 kW/inhabitant. The organic pollution of domestic waste water corresponds to ∼0.018 kW/inhabitant. The nutrients contained i

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19

Abou-Hadid, A. F., M. A. Medany, and I. S. S. Benjamien. "WATER REQUIREMENTS FOR IMPROVED CANTALOUPE CULTIVATION." Acta Horticulturae, no. 491 (May 1999): 295–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1999.491.44.

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20

Klett, James E., and Carl Wilson. "WATER REQUIREMENTS OF WOODY LANDSCAPE SHRUBS." HortScience 25, no. 9 (1990): 1095c—1095. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1095c.

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Four woody plant species were grown during the 1988 and 1989 growing seasons under three irrigation treatments at two sites in two soil types. The three irrigation treatments which were implemented included: 1) control, 2) drip irrigated with no water stress, and 3) drip irrigated with water stress. Rainfall and additional water applied during the 1988 and '89 growing seasons were recorded. Analysis of this data showed the no stress treatment receiving more water at both sites, especially in 1989. After two years of growth, no statistical differences in new growth (height) were observed with a

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21

Costello, L. R., N. P. Matheny, and J. R. Clark. "ESTIMATING WATER REQUIREMENTS OF LANDSCAPE PLANTINGS." HortScience 27, no. 12 (1992): 1263f—1263. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.12.1263f.

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Since it is unlikely that crop coefficients will be established for landscape plantings, a method to estimate landscape water requirements is proposed. By evaluating three factors that significantly influence water use-species planted, vegetation density, and site microclimate-and assigning numerical values to each, an estimate of a landscape crop coefficient (or landscape coefficient, KL) can be calculated. An estimate of evapotranspirational water loss for landscapes is then the product of the landscape coefficient multiplied by the reference evapotranspiration. This paper presents values fo

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22

Strabbioli, G. "A STUDY ON STRAWBERRY WATER REQUIREMENTS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 228 (September 1988): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1988.228.19.

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23

Strabbioli, G. "PEACH WATER REQUIREMENTS IN CENTRAL ITALY." Acta Horticulturae, no. 315 (September 1992): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1992.315.25.

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24

Kanaan, Ahmed, Elena Sevostianova, Bernd Leinauer, and Igor Sevostianov. "Water Requirements for Cooling Artificial Turf." Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering 146, no. 10 (2020): 05020004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ir.1943-4774.0001506.

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25

Latzka, William A., and Scott J. Montain. "WATER AND ELECTROLYTE REQUIREMENTS FOR EXERCISE." Clinics in Sports Medicine 18, no. 3 (1999): 513–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0278-5919(05)70165-4.

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26

Swift, Graham. "Requirements for biodegradable water-soluble polymers." Polymer Degradation and Stability 59, no. 1-3 (1998): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0141-3910(97)00162-6.

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27

Wriedt, Gunter, Marijn Van der Velde, Alberto Aloe, and Fayçal Bouraoui. "Estimating irrigation water requirements in Europe." Journal of Hydrology 373, no. 3-4 (2009): 527–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.05.018.

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28

Colt, John. "Water quality requirements for reuse systems." Aquacultural Engineering 34, no. 3 (2006): 143–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaeng.2005.08.011.

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29

Kim, H. J., P. Singleton, J. Lichty, and A. Kawabata. "WATER REQUIREMENTS OF TROPICAL ORNAMENTAL CROPS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1037 (May 2014): 425–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2014.1037.52.

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30

Moura e Sá, Patrícia, and Rita Martins. "Data quality requirements for water bills." TQM Journal 28, no. 6 (2016): 933–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tqm-12-2014-0108.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to uncover the customers’ concerns with the information disclosed in water services invoices and to analyse them with reference to the data quality dimensions usually proposed in the literature. In the context of services of general interest invoices are particularly relevant as a vehicle to convey information to all consumers. Design/methodology/approach Based on the principles of quality planning, the research uses a qualitative approach to identify the data quality requirements of water invoices. Customer voices were collected by means of focus groups an

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31

Döll, Petra, and Stefan Siebert. "Global modeling of irrigation water requirements." Water Resources Research 38, no. 4 (2002): 8–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001wr000355.

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32

Mar, Brian W. "System requirements for water resource systems." Systems Engineering 1, no. 1 (1998): 14–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6858(1998)1:1<14::aid-sys3>3.0.co;2-c.

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33

Gunson, A. J., Bern Klein, Marcello Veiga, and Scott Dunbar. "Reducing mine water network energy requirements." Journal of Cleaner Production 18, no. 13 (2010): 1328–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2010.04.002.

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34

Al-Haddad, Amer Hassan, and Tamara Sideeq Bakr. "Irrigation Scheduling Effect on Water Requirements." Journal of Engineering 19, no. 1 (2023): 96–145. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2013.01.07.

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Irrigation scheduling techniques is one of the suggested solutions for water scarcity problem. The study aims to show the possibility of using practical and applicable irrigation scheduling program which was designed by Water Resources Department at the University of Baghdad by using Spreadsheet Formulas for Microsoft Excel program, version 2007, with some modification to generalize it and made it applicable to various climatic zone and different soil types, as a salvation for the shortage of irrigation water inside the irrigation projects. Irrigation projects which incidence of Tigris River b

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35

Liu, Xingran, and Yanjun Shen. "Quantification of the impacts of climate change and human agricultural activities on oasis water requirements in an arid region: a case study of the Heihe River basin, China." Earth System Dynamics 9, no. 1 (2018): 211–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esd-9-211-2018.

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Abstract. Ecological deterioration in arid regions caused by agricultural development has become a global issue. Understanding water requirements of the oasis ecosystems and the influences of human agricultural activities and climate change is important for the sustainable development of oasis ecosystems and water resource management in arid regions. In this study, water requirements of the main oasis in Heihe River basin during 1986–2013 were analyzed and the amount showed a sharp increase from 10.8 × 108 m3 in 1986 to 19.0 × 108 m3 in 2013. Both human agricultural activities and climate chan

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36

El Hachimi, Jaouad, Abderrazak El Harti, Rachid Lhissou, Jamal-Eddine Ouzemou, Mohcine Chakouri, and Amine Jellouli. "Combination of Sentinel-2 Satellite Images and Meteorological Data for Crop Water Requirements Estimation in Intensive Agriculture." Agriculture 12, no. 8 (2022): 1168. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12081168.

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In arid and semi-arid regions, agriculture is an important element of the national economy, but this sector is a large consumer of water. In a context of high pressure on water resources, appropriate management is required. In semi-arid, intensive agricultural systems, such as the Tadla irrigated perimeter in central Morocco, a large amount of water is lost by evapotranspiration (ET), and farmers need an effective decision support system for good irrigation management. The main objective of this study was to combine a high spatial resolution Sentinel-2 satellite and meteorological data for est

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37

ĆOSIĆ, Marija, Aleksa LIPOVAC, Ružica STRIČEVIĆ, Dunja SOTONICA, and Ana VUKOVIĆ VIMIĆ. "ASSESSMENT OF IRRIGATION WATER REQUIREMENTS FOR APPLES, PEARS, AND PLUMS IN THE KOLUBARA AND MORAVA DISTRICTS UNDER CHANGING CLIMATE CONDITIONS." "Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture Montanology Cadastre Series " 53, no. 1 (2023): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.52846/aamc.v53i1.1438.

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Climate change, which manifests through shifts in temperature, rainfall patterns, and the frequency of extreme events like droughts and floods, has a substantial impact on agricultural production and food security. This study investigates the influence of climate change on the irrigation needs of apple, pear, and plum crops in two fruit-growing districts in western Serbia, specifically in the Kolubara and Morava districts. This research aims to provide valuable insights for farmers to plan and adapt their production strategies in response to evolving climate conditions. To estimate the water r

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38

Cheng, Qian, Lin fei Zhou, and Tie liang Wang. "Eco-environmental water requirements in Shuangtaizi Estuary Wetland based on multi-source remote sensing data." Journal of Water and Climate Change 9, no. 2 (2018): 338–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2018.050.

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Abstract With rapid economic development and expansion of urban boundaries, increasingly damaged wetland resources have seriously threatened the ecosystem. The study of eco-environmental requirements of wetlands is not only the basis of water resources allocation in development and utilization, but also for creating a sustainable system to maintain and improve the overall ecosystem. In this study, we used the Shuangtaizi Estuary Wetland as our study area. The breakdown of wetland cover types was extracted based on multi-source remote sensing data, providing the graphic database for ecological

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39

Armstrong, Lawrence, and Evan Johnson. "Water Intake, Water Balance, and the Elusive Daily Water Requirement." Nutrients 10, no. 12 (2018): 1928. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10121928.

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Water is essential for metabolism, substrate transport across membranes, cellular homeostasis, temperature regulation, and circulatory function. Although nutritional and physiological research teams and professional organizations have described the daily total water intakes (TWI, L/24h) and Adequate Intakes (AI) of children, women, and men, there is no widespread consensus regarding the human water requirements of different demographic groups. These requirements remain undefined because of the dynamic complexity inherent in the human water regulatory network, which involves the central nervous

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40

Saher, Rubab, Haroon Stephen, and Sajjad Ahmad. "Role of Urban Landscapes in Changing the Irrigation Water Requirements in Arid Climate." Geosciences 13, no. 1 (2022): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences13010014.

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The estimation of urban irrigation water requirements has often been approached from an agricultural perspective. This approach is flawed, as the intention of estimating agricultural water is to optimize yield. Recent studies have reported that urban irrigation systems waste about 34% of water, an alarming number for arid cities. The intention for urban irrigation is complex and dependent on the microclimates created by the development of the landscape. In this paper, we investigate the role of the urban landscape on the irrigation water requirements in arid cities. The role of the landscape i

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41

Zhou, Guokang, and Qingqing Lian. "A study on the ecological water requirement in the Xin' an county section of the Jian river channel." Cambridge Science Advance 2025, no. 2 (2025): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.62852/csa/2025/132.

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Taking the urban section of Xin' an County in the Jian River as an example, this study statistically analyzed hydrological data from the Xin' an Hydrological Station from 1959 to 2010.It used the Tennant method from hydrology and the R2CROSs method from hydraulics to analyze and calculate the basic ecological water requirement within the river channel. Additionally, the study calculated the water requirements for river water purification, river evaporation and seepage, and the minimum sediment transport in the river channel. Following the principle of non-redundant calculation, the maximum val

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42

SUBRAMANIAM, AR, and PA NARASIMHARAJU. "Water requirements of crops in north coastal Andhra." MAUSAM 38, no. 1 (1987): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v38i1.2649.

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Knowing the area under each crop and their water requirements, it is possible to plan the water resources for storage and distribution from the reservoirs, ponds, lakes etc. Since most of the north coastal Andhra regional rain fed area, it is essential to estimate the water requirement of the crop either to change the cropping pattern or to schedule the irrigation facilities. For this study, Blaney and Criddle1950) method has been adopted since this method IS suggested for area where available climatic data consists of air temperature data alone. Three representative stations, Kalingapatnam, V

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43

Sirca, C., T. Cocco, S. Marras, et al. "ASSESSMENT OF MYRTUS COMMUNIS L. WATER STATUS AND WATER REQUIREMENTS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 792 (June 2008): 601–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2008.792.71.

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44

CASANOVA, MICHELLE T. "Using water plant functional groups to investigate environmental water requirements." Freshwater Biology 56, no. 12 (2011): 2637–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2011.02680.x.

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45

Shalsabillah, Hanan, Khairul Amri, and Gusta Gunawan. "ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN AIR IRIGASI MENGGUNAKAN METODE CROPWAT VERSION 8.0." Inersia, Jurnal Teknik Sipil 10, no. 2 (2019): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/ijts.10.2.61-68.

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The Irrigation Area of Air Nipis is located in Regency of South Bengkulu at Bengkulu Province with irrigation area 3.116 Ha. Planning and management of irrigation systems is one of the important steps to determine the irrigation water requirement as a whole. The purpose of this research is aim to analyze the water requirement to get value prediction of minimum and maximum irrigation water requirement in irrigation area of Air Nipis using the CROPWAT Version 8.0 method. Irrigation water requirements obtained from CROPWAT Version 8.0 are based on climate data, soil data and plants.The parameters

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46

Rao, D. Sai Gangadhara, Ch Murali Krishna, H. V. Hema Kumar, B. Sarojini Devi, L. Edukondalu, and V. Srinivasa Rao. "Assessment of Crop Water Requirements of Nagarjuna Sagar Right Canal Command Area under Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, India." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 15, no. 6 (2025): 313–33. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2025/v15i64892.

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The Nagarjuna Sagar Right (Jawahar) Canal Command area spans 37 mandals in Guntur. Surface water availability has been assessed using data from the Water Resources Department, specifically from the Lingamguntla and Ongole Circles within the command area of Andhra Pradesh. Groundwater levels are monitored through 300 observation wells across the command area, managed by the State Groundwater Department. The water requirements for various crops, including paddy, cotton, chilies, millet, and pulses, have been calculated. CROPWAT 8.0 was utilized to calculate the water requirements for crops, wher

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47

Kilmartin, Meaghan, and Chandra A. Madramootoo. "Simulating Irrigation Requirements for Vegetable Crops in a Humid Region Considering a Changing Climate." Journal of Natural Resources and Agricultural Ecosystems 3, no. 1 (2025): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.13031/jnrae.16048.

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Highlights Water deficiency of 50% did not reduce yields. Potato needs a minimum of 247 mm of water by the 2080s. Irrigation requirements of squash are 124 mm for 2080s. Abstract. This study assessed the supplemental irrigation needs in a humid vegetable producing region of Quebec using the AquaCrop model. Three irrigation treatments were investigated, comprising a maximum allowable depletion (MAD) of 20%, 35%, and 50% of plant-available water (AW) for potato and squash cultivated on sandy soils. The AquaCrop models were calibrated to field measurements of soil moisture in 2022. Potato and squ

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48

Schlafrig, J., J. Sturman, G. Ho, and K. Mathew. "Water auditing: the case for statutory requirements." Water Supply 8, no. 6 (2008): 597–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2008.112.

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Drought across swathes of Australia, highlights our need for water conservation in addition to seeking new sources of water (demand and supply-side resource options). Water conservation or efficiency improvement is currently a non-systematic process along the lines of ‘if we do such and such then we will save so much water’. Such an approach is ad-hoc and only has the appearance of being ‘quantitative’. We would class it as qualitative, or maybe advanced qualitative water conservation. True quantitative or structured water auditing of non-domestic water consumption is an iterative, systematic

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49

Zhu, Shijiang, Wenjie Tong, Hu Li, Kaikai Li, Wen Xu, and Baocui Liang. "Temporal Variations in Rice Water Requirements and the Impact of Effective Rainfall on Irrigation Demand: Strategies for Sustainable Rice Cultivation." Water 17, no. 5 (2025): 656. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17050656.

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In response to increasing global food demand and the significant water requirements of rice cultivation, this study aims to enhance water use efficiency in rice farming. Focusing on Jiayu County, a subtropical humid region in China, where rice is grown as a single crop every year, we investigated temporal variations in rice water requirements and the influence of effective rainfall on irrigation strategies. Data were collected from an experimental station within the Sanhulianjiang Reservoir in Jiayu County. Utilizing the Mann–Kendall trend test and the Seasonal–Trend Decomposition using the LO

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Al-haddad, Amer Hassan, and Alaa Ibraheem Badi Al-Safi. "Scheduling of Irrigation and Leaching Requirements." Journal of Engineering 21, no. 3 (2015): 73–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2015.03.05.

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Abstract:

Iraq depends mainly on Tigris and Euphrates Rivers to provide high percentage of agricultural water use for thousands years. At last years, Iraq is suffering from shortage in water resources due to global climate changes and unfair water politics of the neighboring countries, which affected the future of agriculture plans for irrigation, added to that the lack of developed systems of water management in the irrigation projects and improper allocation of irrigation water, which reduces water use efficiency and lead to losing irrigation water and decreasing in agricultural yield. This study aims

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