Academic literature on the topic 'Water resources - Conservation - Study and teaching'
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Journal articles on the topic "Water resources - Conservation - Study and teaching"
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Femitha, Ayshathul, and Sunita Saldanha. "A study on water management strategies in a selected teaching hospital." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 7, no. 12 (November 25, 2020): 5120. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20205195.
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Background: Water is a scarce and highly valuable natural resource. Hospitals require relatively large quantity of water and quality of water is equally important. Hospitals must focus on water efficiency and conservation measures in order to ensure the sustainable use of water. This study was undertaken to understand the current water management practices in the selected teaching hospital and to develop strategies for water conservation.Methods: Descriptive study with observational method was used, to collect the data an observational checklist based on the guidelines of bureau of Indian standards (BIS) and world health organization (WHO) was developed. To observe and collect the data, uninformed visits was done to the Department of Maintenance on random days as per the convenience and the information was collected from standard operating procedures (SOPs) and records maintained in the department of maintenance and hospital infection control unit.Results: The study found that a well-planned water supply system is present in the selected hospital to meet the required quantity of water. The study reveals that the total consumption of water per day in the hospital is higher than the BIS standards. Preventive and corrective maintenance of all the tanks, pipelines, plumbing, and equipment is done regularly. A well-organized system of quality control of water is present in the hospital and the grey water, is drained to sewage water treatment plant from where the water is recycled and reused.Conclusions: Conservation of water enables hospitals to cut cost and to be proactive stewards of their community’s natural resources.
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Miani, Camila S., Ana M. A. Caldeira, and Fernanda R. Brando. "MAKING DECISIONS ABOUT BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION: A STUDY IN PRE-SERVICE TEACHER EDUCATION." Problems of Education in the 21st Century 74, no. 1 (December 25, 2016): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pec/16.74.71.
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Biodiversity conservation is a current environmental concern that reveals the competing priorities of economic development and environmental preservation. These issues are currently being debated at various levels of society, and decisions are made based not only on scientific knowledge but also on opinions and values. Among the reasons commonly used to justify current environmental demands for biodiversity conservation, Sarkar (2005) has identified three “flawed arguments” to be avoided. Because the discussion of biodiversity conservation is a current demand, it should also be addressed in the field of education. Biology teachers should be prepared to engage their students in discussion about all aspects of biodiversity conservation. In light of the need to train professionals who are capable of addressing complex issues such as this, the following may be asked: What do biology students consider when making decisions about the use and conservation of biodiversity? Do the flawed arguments identified by Sarkar (2005) factor into their reasoning? This research analyzes reports produced following a teaching activity known as “decision making.” The results reveal not only students’ concern for environmental issues, particularly regarding water resources, but also the presence of two of Sarkar’s flawed arguments. The limits of students’ knowledge of the subject also become evident. Key words: biodiversity conservation, pre-service training, decision making.
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Xie, Jing Chen. "A Study of Computer Aided Design for the International Innovative Poster Competition." Applied Mechanics and Materials 346 (August 2013): 169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.346.169.
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This study announced the competition rules of the Second International College Student Charity Advertising Festival held by the Beijing Union University through the teaching blog and Facebook and invited students from the Department of Department of Digital Media Design and the Department of Management of a Technology University in southern Taiwan to participate actively. Then, the cross-school team teaching method with two teachers was adopted to guide the students in the creative poster design competition with the topic of environmental protection and water resource conservation. During the time after school and the winter vacation, the students discussed their works with the teachers face-to-face through online video conferences and then made modifications on their works. The duration of this study was 8 weeks. A total of 2 representative works were selected to be submitted to the competition. This competition guidance method had a great influence on the students attitudes of active participation and is worthy to be continuously promoted in the future.
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Fitria, Laili. "Mapping the Field, A Bibliometric Analysis of Environment in Islam." Borneo International Journal of Islamic Studies 2, no. 2 (May 31, 2020): 201–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21093/bijis.v2i2.1947.
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The environmental crisis is happening today requires the attention of the global community. One approach that can be done is to apply the teachings of Islam as a whole. Belief in religion can influence people to maintain the environment. This study was conducted to determine how the environment in Islam. Scientific publications in accordance with Islamic friends in the neighborhood of indexed Dimensions analyzed by a systematic literature review (SLR). The parameters analyzed were the number of publications per year, the origin and the origin of the author's state institutions. Furthermore, the results were analyzed with the VOS Viewer software. A total of 30 relevant scientific articles selected and analyzed. Publications related to the environment in Islam increased since 2006 with some of the topics of discussion. A popular topic of research is on the management of natural resources and environment, water conservation, and climate change.
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MacIsaac, Dan. "Web Resources for Teaching Impulse and Momentum Conservation, Work, and Energy: Water Rocket Physics." Physics Teacher 42, no. 8 (November 2004): 510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1814337.
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Vieira, Jonas Nunes, Helena Saraiva Koenow Pinheiro, Mateus Marques Bueno, Waldir De Carvalho Junior, Nilson Rendeiro Pereira, Daniel Costa de Carvalho, and Paula Fernanda Chaves Soares. "Priority Areas for Water Resources Conservation: Study Case Canal Guandu Watershed." Aquatic Science and Technology 9, no. 1 (September 24, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ast.v9i1.17502.
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The environmental resilience is strictly dependent of water availability. The identification of priority areas is important to conservation aid land-use planning and urban expansion, conservation, and policy strategy. The goal was to identify priority areas aiming water provision and environmental conservation at the “Canal do Rio Guandu” watershed in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. To address the goal four micro-basins included in the watershed were selected to optimize collect field data and create the criteria to define the priority levels. Based on prior literature, legacy and field data, an assessment method was proposed based on map algebra with support of Geographical Information System, gathering professional tacit knowledge with spatial data to support the selection of strategic areas. The approach based on was successful to select primarily priority areas and can contribute to regulate the local policies, pointing out areas that can connect legally protected areas with forested fragments, which presents great importance to urban and rural supply.
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Xu, Feng Ran, Bao Li Gao Baiyin, and Jian Wei Jia. "Benefits of Xin’an River Water Resources and Ecological Compensation." Advanced Materials Research 1073-1076 (December 2014): 1660–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1073-1076.1660.
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Ecological compensation is being applied to deal with transboundary external effects caused by water resources conservation or exploitation in China. A concept of water resources co-conservation and sharing was applied to burden the upstream conservation cost and to share the benefit in the whole river basin. Xin’an River Basin, related to two provinces in East China, was taken as the study area. The current territorial scales of the co-conservation area and the benefit sharing area were determined. The total actual water conservation cost for Xin’an River Basin was estimated to be about 488 million CNY in 2006. By analyzing the transformation of protection costs and benefits between different districts and sections, benefits brought by water to different beneficiaries were also estimated. The conservation cost was distributed to the water users or governments in the whole sharing area according to the proportion of shared benefits.
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Fan, Min, Daniel Ocloo Mawuko, Hideaki Shibata, and Wei Ou. "Spatial conservation areas for water yield hydrological ecosystem services with their economic values effects under climate change: a case study of Teshio watershed located in northernmost of Japan." Hydrology Research 50, no. 6 (October 21, 2019): 1679–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2019.009.
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Abstract Water resources prioritization conservation planners are increasingly becoming aware of the economic value of water supply ecosystem services (ESs) under climate changes. Here we assessed how the water yield ES framework is implemented in the current spatial prioritization conservation of the water resources under climate change across the Teshio River watershed. We applied the systematic conservation model to optimize the area for water resources which satisfied the protection targets with and without considering economic values of the water yield provision service. The model indicated that the areas of spatial optimal ES protection for water yield with considering economic values were totally different from those without considering economic values of water resources. The optimal priority conservation areas were concentrated in southwestern, southeastern, and some northern areas of this watershed. These places could guarantee water resources sustainability from both environmental protection and socio-economic development standpoints. Moreover, the spatial priority conservation areas for water yield with economic value from hydro-power electricity production were traded off against the areas for water yield with economic values from resident water-use and irrigation for rice. Therefore, the systematic conservation planning of water yield with economic values under climate changes may provide a useful argument to promote the conservation of water resources.
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Bosak, V., A. VanderZaag, A. Crolla, C. Kinsley, and R. Gordon. "Integrated water resources management: a case study of on-farm water use for potato processing." Water Practice and Technology 11, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2016.008.
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Integrated water resources management (IWRM) is described as a holistic approach to manage water efficiently, equitably, and sustainably. This paper presents a case study where cooperative strategy building among diverse stakeholders (researchers, potato farmers, and government regulators) resulted in significant water conservation for the on-farm washing of potatoes on a large potato operation (31% reduction per unit of potatoes sold). Water was reduced by applying modified IWRM methods, including (i) goal setting, where common goals with all three parties were outlined; (ii) initial assessment, where farm water use was monitored in detail for one year; (iii) cooperative strategy building, where monitoring results were presented and potential water-use reduction strategies were brainstormed; (iv) implementation, where strategies were put into place on the farm; and (v) final assessment, where water use was monitored for a second year, after conservation strategies were in place, and the efficacy of the strategies was determined. This case study demonstrates the value of IWRM, through cooperation among researchers, farmers, and the regulators, for improving water management in agriculture.
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Akhmaddhian, Suwari. "THE EFFECTIVENESS OF KUNINGAN GOVERNMENT POLICY IN WATER CONSERVATION." Jurnal Dinamika Hukum 17, no. 3 (October 24, 2017): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jdh.2017.17.3.835.
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Preserving environmental functions particularly water resources conservation is a shared task between government and public to achieve environmental sustainability. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effectiveness of Kuningan government policy in conserving water resources. This study uses empirical juridical method with descriptive analysis. The data collection of primary data is done by observation, interviews with related institutions while secondary data are in the form of legislation and legal theories. This research takes place in Kuningan regency, West Java province. The data are analyzed to examine the effectiveness of Kuningan Government policies in water resource conservation. The results reveal that District Regulation Number 12 Year 2007 on Water Resources Conservation and Kuningan District Regulation Number 12 Year 2011 on the Implementation of Kuningan Botanical Gardens along with other related Regulations and Government policies in Kuningan Regency have been effectively implemented. It can be seen from the sufficiently given regulations as well as community participation.Keywords: effectiveness, policy, water conservation
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Water resources - Conservation - Study and teaching"
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Phiri, Charles M. "An investigation of community learning through participation in integrated water resource management practices." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003504.
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South Africa is a semi arid country in which the average rainfall of 450mm/year is well below the world average of about 860mm/year. As a result, South Africa’s water resources are scarce in global terms and limited in extent. Current predictions are that demand will outstrip water availability in the next 15 years. A coordinated approach to improve both water quality and quantity is needed and in order to achieve that, it is crucial to strengthen capacities of local community involvement in identifying the problems that affect them and strategies to solve them. This research was undertaken to develop a deeper understanding of community learning processes in integrated water resources management (IWRM) practices. The study drew on situated and social learning theory which explains that knowledge and skills are learned and embedded in the contexts in which knowledge is obtained and applied in everyday situations. Multiple data collection techniques were used within a case study design and included document analysis, interviews, focus group discussions and field observations. Data analysis was done in three phases and involved uncovering patterns and trends in the data sets. In this context I discovered, through careful observation and interviews with members of the different communities of practice, that people are learning through social learning interactions with other community members as they engage in their daily water management and food production practices. Learning interactions take place through both informal and formal processes such as meetings, training workshops, conversations and interactions with outsiders. I also discovered that people learn from ‘external groups’ or training programmes which bring new knowledge and expertise, but this needs to be contextualised in the local communities of practice. The research has also shown that there are a number of challenges that appear to exist in these learning contexts. For instance it was found that participation and social learning processes and interactions are influenced by a range of causal mechanisms that are contextual. These insights into how communities learn, as well as the tensions and difficulties that are experienced in the learning processes are important for furthering learning and participation in community-based IWRM practices, projects and programmes.
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Sá, Patricia Zeni de. "Análise e avaliação do projeto de educação ambiental “Vida à Água” voltado à gestão de bacias hidrográficas (Pinhais-PR)." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2013. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/636.
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CAPESEsta pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar qualitativa e quantitativamente a proposta de Educação Ambiental do projeto “Vida à Água”, a fim de avaliar a sua capacidade de ensino-aprendizagem como projeto de extensão voltado para a conservação dos recursos hídricos. O trabalho de campo foi desenvolvido no município de Pinhais nas Escolas: Felipe Zeni, Aroldo de Freitas e Marins de Souza Santos num período de sete meses (março a outubro de 2012) com todos os docentes e alunos dos 4º e 5º Anos do ensino fundamental. Nestas escolas foram utilizadas duas metodologias de pesquisa, a primeira com mapas mentais, os quais foram realizados com os alunos antes e depois da atividade lúdica desenvolvida pelo Projeto Vida à Água, e a segunda metodologia foi a aplicação de questionários, os quais foram respondidos pelos alunos nas salas de aulas e pelos docentes através de entrevista semi-estruturada. A avaliação do projeto foi realizada com dois grupos distintos, sendo um grupo de docentes e alunos que participaram do projeto Vida à Água e outro que não participaram do projeto. Os dois grupos possuíam basicamente as mesmas características. Os mapas mentais foram aplicados para 133 alunos do grupo dos participantes do projeto. Após a análise e interpretação dos dados, foi observado que as porcentagens de respostas positivas após a participação na atividade lúdica tiveram um aumento significativo, principalmente em relação à origem da água rio/água bruta (25%), esgoto (24%) e tratamento de esgoto (24%). Em relação aos questionários foram aplicados 473, destes 420 para os alunos, sendo que 223 correspondem aos alunos participantes do Projeto Vida á Água e 197 aos alunos não participantes do projeto. Para os docentes foram aplicados 53 questionários através de entrevistas, sendo que 25 destes docentes participaram do projeto Vida à Água e 28 não participaram. Analisando os dados e utilizando o método estatístico qui-quadrado, foi possível identificar que o grupo dos participantes do Projeto Vida à Água apresentou um resultado mais significativo comparado ao grupo dos não participantes em relação à transmissão do conhecimento, à percepção ambiental e à sensibilização dos docentes e alunos sobre a conservação dos recursos hídricos, fazendo com que os mesmos se sentissem mais motivados para o aprendizado das questões ambientais.
This research aims to analyze qualitatively and quantitatively the proposed Environmental Education project "Vida à Água" in order to evaluate its teaching-learning as an extension project, aimed at the conservation of water resources. Fieldwork was developed in Municipal Schools: Felipe Zeni, Aroldo de Freitas and Marins de Souza Santos in a period of seven months (March-October 2012) with all the teachers and students of 4th and 5th years of primary school. These schools were used two research methods, the first using mind maps, which were conducted with students before and after the play activity developed by the Water Life Project and the second method was the application of questionnaires, which were answered by students in classrooms and teachers through semi-structured interviews. The project evaluation was performed with two different groups, one group of teachers and students who participated in the project Life Water and others not involved in the project. The two groups have basically the same characteristics. The mind maps were applied to 133 students in the group of project participants. After analyzing and interpreting the data it was observed that the percentage of positive responses after participation in leisure activity had a significant increase, especially in relation to the origin of river water / raw water (25%), sewer (24%) and treatment drains (24%). Regarding the questionnaires were administered 473, 420 for these students, with 223 students participating correspond Project Life Water will not and 197 students participating in the project. For teachers were applied 53 questionnaires from interviews with 25 of these teachers participated in the project Life Water and 28 did not participate. Analyzing the data and using the chi-square statistical method, it was identified that the group of participants of Project Life Water made a most significant result compared to the group of non-participants in relation to the transmission of knowledge, environmental perceptions and sensitization of teachers and students about conservation of water resources, making them feel more motivated for learning of environmental issues.
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Husain, Salman Y. Y. "A study of urban residential water consumption behaviour : the case of Kuwait." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302676.
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Copp, Kristine E. "Teaching water conservation to teachers of fourth-sixth grade students." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2250.
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This project inserviced teachers for grades fourth through sixth on water conservation activities that they could implement with their students. Project Wet (Water Education for Teachers) was used as the basis for the workshops. All selected activities correlated with the California State Content Standards.
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Trusler, Bonnie R. "Energy watch: an energy conservation project for elementary schools." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1994. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/38.
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The goal of this project was to organize and implement an energy conservation program for second and fifth grade students that would increase their overall awareness and understanding of energy concepts and energy conservation.
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Hall, Courtney A. "Evaluation of pre-service teachers' perceptions of water resources concepts." Virtual Press, 2006. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1339148.
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This study has examined the perceptions, knowledge and attitudes of pre-service teachers prior to and after a Project WET workshop within their science education and science methods courses at Ball State University. The attitudes and opinions of the pre-service teacher study group were compared to a pre-service teacher control group before and after the workshop. There is evidence to support that those who are exposed to Project WET will have increased knowledge and changed attitudes about water resources. This study found that teaching styles of instructors as well as the activities they choose can affect what is learned in a workshop by the participants. It was also found that pre-service teachers who participate in an environmental education workshop, such as Project WET, are more likely than those who do not participate in such a workshop to report that they felt more confident in their ability to teach science and that they plan to use the materials they received in the future.Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management
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Blair, Cynthia Gail. "Developing an inservice on energy and energy conservation for teachers, grades kindergarten-eight." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1991. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/37.
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Huckett, Steven P. "A Comparative Study to Identify Factors Affecting Adoption of Soil and Water Conservation Practices Among Smallhold Farmers in the Njoro River Watershed of Kenya." DigitalCommons@USU, 2010. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/656.
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Natural resource conservation is important for human well-being, especially in fragile environments of developing countries. This study occurred in 2006 among 6,500 smallhold farmers residing along a 25-km segment of a heavily utilized river. Research objectives were to determine use and adoption constraints for 14 soil and water conservation practices (SWCPs). Farms were reportedly contributing to a decline in river water quality via soil erosion. Recent occupation of the upper watershed by immigrants magnified concerns that resource degradation could escalate. A multi-method approach incorporating quantitative surveys, qualitative interviews, and participant observation was used to interpret constraining factors within the biophysical and historical context of the watershed. Adoption rates for SWCPs were expected to be low (less than 20 percent). Increased formal education, income, access to information, and security of land tenure and soil characteristics, were expected to positively influence adoption. Data analysis included descriptive statistics and use of classification and regression trees. Results indicated that all sampled farms had adopted at least two SWCPs, with an average of six per farm. Favored practices were those that were easier to implement and more effective for resource protection and food production. Years in residence (tenure security) and income emerged as primary explanatory variables for adoption of SWCPs, while soil quality and formal education were secondary. Only 27 percent of surveyed farmers held title deeds, but the others perceived that land occupation conferred "ownership" and hence implemented SWCPs. A follow-up visit in 2009, after the region had endured a year of highly publicized ethnic conflict, immigration and farm expansion continued with SWCPs being adopted. Njoro communities mostly remained intact and appeared resilient. While small farms likely contribute to watershed-scale problems and declines in quality and quantity of water in the River Njoro, farmers have made remarkable strides--largely on their own--to conserve natural resources. Future research should examine how a general lack of infrastructure off-farm and study-site context contributes to reduced watershed-resource quality. Further protection of soil and water is best served by a more aggressive policy and extension education framework that links food security, household well-being, and natural resource management.
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Serna, Victoria Faubion. "Effects of a Water Conservation Education Program on Water Use in Single-family Homes in Dallas, Texas." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc699967/.
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The City of Dallas Environmental Education Initiative (EEI) is a hands-on, inquiry-based, K-12 water conservation education program that teaches students concepts about water and specific water conservation behaviors. Few descriptions and evaluations, especially quantitative in nature, of water conservation education programs have previously been conducted in the literature. This research measured the quantitative effects and impacts of the education program on water use in single-family homes in Dallas, Texas. A total of 2,122 students in 104 classrooms at three schools in the Dallas Independent School District received hands-on, inquiry-based water conservation education lessons and the average monthly water use (in gallons) in single-family homes was analyzed to measure whether or not there was a change in water use. The results showed that over a period of one calendar year the water use in the single-family homes within each school zone and throughout the entire research area in this study experienced a statistically significant decrease in water use of approximately 501 gallons per home per month (independent, t-test, p>0.001). Data from this research suggests that EEI is playing a role in decreasing the amount of water used for residential purposes. Additionally, this research demonstrates the use of a quantitative tool by which a water conservation education program’s effect on behavior change can be measured. This research shows great promise for reducing use and increasing the conservation of our world’s most precious resource.
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Parece, Tammy Erlene. "Managing Water and Electricity Consumption in University Residence Halls: a Study on Promoting Voluntary Resource Conservation by College Students." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32717.
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With the worldâ s population growing at a rate faster than the rate at which natural resources are being replenished, the challenge for governments and the worldâ s citizens is how to conserve resources in order to provide a sustainable level of natural resources for the future. Conserving natural resources includes educating the citizens of the world on the connection between natural resource depletion and their levels of consumption of resources, such as energy and water.
To help alleviate the increasing burden the worldâ s growing population is placing on natural resources, sustainability should be a part of college studentsâ education in their field of study and in preparing them to become good citizens. This education should take place in the classroom and other activities, including athletics, community organizations, and in their residence life. Teaching students living in on-campus residence halls conservation activities provides information that students can use in their private lives when setting up their own households. On-campus residence halls also provide an opportunity to evaluate any gender differences related to conservation activities since the demographics of the residence halls vary from all-female, to co-ed, to all-male students.
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) was the location for a study on promoting environmentally-relevant behavior (ERB) among students residing in on-campus residence halls. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the use of educational strategies and natural resource consumption by promoting ERB among students living in the residence halls during the spring and fall semesters of the 2009 calendar year.
Using the literature on promoting ERB, five different strategies were designed for promoting water and electricity conservation. Each strategy involved different stimuli to promote student participation in ERB. The information provided the students included reasons why ERB was important and specific actions to take to conserve resources. In three of the strategies, students were provided the results of their conservation efforts monthly during the study period.
The Virginia Tech Office of Residence Life provided detailed information for the 49 on-campus residence halls, including buildingsâ characteristics such as heating and cooling methods, age, construction, renovation history, square footage, if the buildings contained offices or classrooms, and student population figures. Variability among the buildings was eliminated by comparing these differences, and then a random numbers table was used to assign each of the buildings to one of the five different groups. The strategy for each group was applied to four residence halls -- two dormitories and two Greek Houses, for a total of twenty buildings. In each strategy more stimuli were applied in an effort to produce higher consumption reductions.
The Virginia Tech Office of Facilities provided four-years historical electricity and seven-years historical water usage, and provided monthly usage for each building during the study period. Electricity consumption reduction was promoted in all twenty halls but water consumption reduction was promoted only in the dormitories, as the University was unable to track water consumption for any one individual Greek House. The historical data showed that water usage per student was higher in most of the female-occupied dormitories, but no statistical difference was seen with regards to historical electricity usage and gender. Percent change in per student usage â kilowatt hours for electricity and gallons for water â was the calculation used to determine change in ERB.
The results of this research showed a general relationship between educational strategies and natural resource consumption reduction over both study periods. However, except for the Greek-House Spring semester results, no statistical significant difference was found between any of the different study groups. Electricity reductions were achieved in seventeen of twenty residence halls during the first semester and in all but one residence hall during the second semester. Water reductions were achieved in five of ten dormitories during the first semester and in six of nine dormitories in the second semester. However, the use of more strategies did not lead to a higher percentage of reductions.
During the first semester, a statistically significant difference was found in water usage and gender and the difference did not support a female predisposition for ERB. Decreases were achieved in excess of 10% in the male-occupied dormitories, but only a minimal reduction or increases were achieved in any of the dormitories that included female residents. After the first month of the second semester, similar results were seen relative to gender, so additional posters and prompts were placed in the female-occupied dormitories. As a result, water reductions were achieved in six dormitories with only small increases in the other three, and the semester final results did not show a statistical significant difference between genders.
The lack of statistical difference between the study groups could be a result of contamination, the active environmental organizations on campus, or an observational effect. The study was contaminated within the first two weeks of the study period when all residence halls across campus learned of the research and requested their inclusion in the study. Since, the residence halls in the control groups were advised of their inclusion in the study, the students may have demonstrated ERB because of the knowledge they were being observed.
A survey sent to the students living in the study residence halls revealed that 94.6% of the students had knowledge of the study, and that 77% participated in ERB. Students showed a propensity for ERB when they were informed on their consumptive behaviorsâ effects on natural resource depletion, and by being provided with actions they could take to change their behaviors. This research did not show that adding strategies of feedback and group leaders to information increased the percentage of consumption reductions in college students residing on Virginia Techâ s campus.Master of Science
Books on the topic "Water resources - Conservation - Study and teaching"
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Metropolitan Water District of Southern California. The geography of water. [Los Angeles]: Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, 1987.
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Sunal, Dennis W. Forest, land, and water: Understanding our natural resources : teachers guide. [Washington, D.C.?: U.S. Forest Service, 1994.
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E2: Environment & Education., ed. Water conservation: A student audit of resource use. Menlo Park, Ca: Dale Seymour Publications, 1998.
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Association, National Science Teachers. Wind, water, fire and earth: Energy lessons for the physical sciences. Washington, DC: National Science Teachers Association, 1986.
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Akpan, Ben, and Peter Okebukola. Strategies for environmental education: Focus on water pollution. Edited by STAN National Environmental Education Workshop (1998 : Port Harcourt, Nigeria). Nigeria: Science Teachers Association of Nigeria, 1998.
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Moran, Elizabeth C. Water wise: Lessons in water resources. [Ithaca, NY: Cornell Cooperative Extension], 1989.
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Gujarat (India). Directorate of Evaluation. Evaluation study of Khet Talawadi. Gandhinagar: Directorate of Evaluation, General Administration Department, Government of Gujarat, 2011.
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Simon, Albrecht, Seeley J. A, University of Cambridge. Centre of African Studies., International Council for Bird Preservation., and Center for Environmental Education (Washington, D.C.), eds. Teaching conservation: Proceedings of a Seminar on Teaching Conservation Overseas. Cambridge: African Studies Centre, University of Cambridge, 1987.
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Campbell, Russell N. Conservation of language resources. [Los Angeles, Calif.]: Center for Language Education and Research, University of California, Los Angeles, 1987.
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Inc, Aqua Engineering. Final report, Owl Creek Irrigation District conservation study. Fort Collins, Colo: Aqua Engineering, Inc., 2006.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Water resources - Conservation - Study and teaching"
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Li, Xiaolong, Jinxiang Yang, and Xiaojun Zhang. "Architectural Study on Undergraduate Teaching System of Hydrology and Water Resources Major." In Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing, 337–41. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27708-5_45.
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Wu, Chen-Fa, Chen Yang Lee, Chen-Chuan Huang, Hao-Yun Chuang, Chih-Cheng Weng, Ming Cheng Chen, Choa-Hung Chang, Szu-Hung Chen, Yi-Ting Zhang, and Kuan Chuan Lu. "Sustainable Rural Development and Water Resources Management on a Hilly Landscape: A Case Study of Gonglaoping Community, Taichung, ROC (Chinese Taipei)." In Fostering Transformative Change for Sustainability in the Context of Socio-Ecological Production Landscapes and Seascapes (SEPLS), 115–31. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6761-6_7.
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AbstractThe Gonglaoping community is located in Central Western Taiwan, with approximately 700 residents. The hilly landscape contains farmlands and sloping areas with abundant natural resources. Locals rely on the Han River system and seasonal rainfall for water supply for domestic use and irrigation. Uneven rainfall patterns and high demand for water has led to the overuse of groundwater and conflicts among the people. The surrounding natural forests provide important ecosystem services, including wildlife habitats and water conservation, among others; however, overlap with human activities has brought threats to biodiversity conservation. Considering these challenges, locals were determined to transform their community towards sustainability. The Gonglaoping Industrial Development Association (GIDA) and the Soil and Water Conservation Bureau (SWCB) joined hands to initiate the promotion of the Satoyama Initiative, playing catalytic roles in several implementations, such as establishing water management strategies based on mutual trust, rebuilding the masonry landscape, and economic development, forming partnerships with other stakeholders. This multi-stakeholder and co-management platform allowed the community to achieve transformative change, particularly in resolving conflicts of water use, restoring the SEPL, enhancing biodiversity conservation, and developing a self-sustaining economy.Achieving sustainability in a SEPL requires the application of a holistic approach and a multi-sector collaborating (community-government-university) platform. This case demonstrates a practical, effective framework for government authorities, policymakers and other stakeholders in terms of maintaining the integrity of ecosystems. With the final outcome of promoting a vision of co-prosperity, it is a solid example showing a win-win strategy for both the human population and the farmland ecosystem in a hilly landscape.
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Katondo, Richard J. M., and Agnes M. S. Nyomora. "The role of ecosystem services in enhancing climate change resilience of local communities: the case of Ngarambe-Tapika Wildlife Management Area, Rufiji district, Tanzania." In Climate change impacts and sustainability: ecosystems of Tanzania, 169–79. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242966.0169.
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Abstract This study examined the role of ecosystem services in enhancing climate change resilience of local communities in Ngarambe-Tapika Wildlife Management Area (WMA). The study aimed to identify forms of ecosystem services that can be gained from conservation of a WMA in relation to climate change adaptation. The design for this study adopted both a quantitative and a qualitative research approach. The study was undertaken in Ngarambe-Tapika WMA located between latitude 39° S and 39°30' S and between longitude 12°30' E and 13° E. It is located alongside the north-eastern border of the Selous Game Reserve. The area is also the home of local people whose lifestyles and livelihoods are intricately tied to the biological diversity and the functioning of this natural system. Purposive sampling was employed in selecting respondents for the household questionnaire, focus group discussions and key informant interviews. This study found that income obtained from Ngarambe-Tapika ecosystems by the communities were invested in material welfare and livelihoods that enhance resilience to climate change, primarily social services (54.9%) such as construction of houses, dispensaries and rehabilitation of the primary schools, and some of the money was spent on electricity provision for the community and energy for light and water pumps. Other benefits included employment (16.5%), protection from dangerous and problematic wildlife (14.3%) and petty business (14.3%). Generally, in Ngarambe-Tapika WMA there is a need to emphasize conservation awareness and extension programmes which advocate sustainable utilization of wildlife resources, and adopt an integrated approach of climate-smart agriculture to address the challenges related to food insecurity and climate change and variability. The latter would enable increased agricultural productivity to support equitable increases in farm incomes, improve food security and build resilience of agricultural and food security systems to adapt to climate change and variability.
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Margat, Jean. "Water Resources." In The Physical Geography of the Mediterranean. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199268030.003.0037.
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The geography of natural water resources in the Mediterranean basin cannot simply be reduced to the study of water inputs, water distribution, and the pattern of runoff-generating precipitation determined by climate and relief—although these are, of course, fundamental controls (Margat 1992; Benblidia et al. 1996). Any consideration of basin-wide water resources also needs to consider a range of territorially determined factors affecting water resources. These include: (1) the nature of surface and underground flows, which depends on river basin and hydrogeological characteristics; (2) the natural storage capacity of lakes and aquifers and their role in regulating flows, and any losses from these stores which reduce the resulting flows; (3) the existence of favourable conditions for water management and exploitation such as suitable sites for dam construction and the productivity of aquifers, as these factors dictate accessibility to water resources and the production costs; (4) the natural quality of the water, its vulnerability to pollution and its capacity for self-purification; (5) any constraints imposed for reasons of environmental conservation, which may effectively exclude a proportion of water reserves from the category of exploitable resources. It is important to appreciate that each of these factors influences the assessment of water resources in a given area and each factor has its own geography (Margat 1997; Margat and Vallée 1999a). In spite of the broad similarities in climate and landscape between the different parts of the Mediterranean basin, there are considerable variations between regions that impact upon the availability of water resources. Many of the factors affecting water resources cited above are subject to a similar degree of variation (Grenon and Batisse 1989; Chapter 8) and these are discussed in turn below. Marking the transition between the temperate climate of Europe and the aridity of North Africa and the Near East, the Mediterranean climate contains wide variation, and this is reflected in a highly uneven distribution of rainfall (Benblidia et al. 1996; Margat and Vallée 1999a; Chapter 3). For example, moving from one extreme to another, average annual rainfall ranges from more than 3,000 mm in parts of the Dinaric Alps to less than 50 mm in Libya.
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Sharma, Anu, and Moharana Choudhury. "Changing climate and depleting water resources in the mountains with a case study from the Himalayas." In Water Conservation in the Era of Global Climate Change, 411–36. Elsevier, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-820200-5.00013-0.
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Lee, Shinyi, Tan Yigitcanlar, Prasanna Egodawatta, and Ashantha Goonetilleke. "Sustainable Water Provision." In Green Technologies, 1768–81. IGI Global, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60960-472-1.ch714.
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As a result of rapid urbanisation, population growth, changes in lifestyle, pollution and the impacts of climate change, water provision has become a critical challenge for planners and policy-makers. In the wake of increasingly difficult water provision and drought, the notion that freshwater is a finite and vulnerable resource is increasingly being realised. Many city administrations around the world are struggling to provide water security for their residents to maintain lifestyle and economic growth. This chapter reviews the global challenge of providing freshwater to sustain lifestyles and economic growth, and the contributing challenges of climate change, urbanisation, population growth and problems in rainfall distribution. The chapter proceeds to evaluate major alternatives to current water sources such as conservation, recycling and reclamation, and desalination. Integrated water resource management is briefly looked at to explore its role in complementing water provision. A comparative study on alternative resources is undertaken to evaluate their strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and constraints, and the results are discussed.
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Lee, Shinyi, Tan Yigitcanlar, Prasanna Egodawatta, and Ashantha Goonetilleke. "Sustainable Water Provision." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 17–30. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61520-775-6.ch002.
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As a result of rapid urbanisation, population growth, changes in lifestyle, pollution and the impacts of climate change, water provision has become a critical challenge for planners and policy-makers. In the wake of increasingly difficult water provision and drought, the notion that freshwater is a finite and vulnerable resource is increasingly being realised. Many city administrations around the world are struggling to provide water security for their residents to maintain lifestyle and economic growth. This chapter reviews the global challenge of providing freshwater to sustain lifestyles and economic growth, and the contributing challenges of climate change, urbanisation, population growth and problems in rainfall distribution. The chapter proceeds to evaluate major alternatives to current water sources such as conservation, recycling and reclamation, and desalination. Integrated water resource management is briefly looked at to explore its role in complementing water provision. A comparative study on alternative resources is undertaken to evaluate their strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and constraints, and the results are discussed.
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Bhaskar, Avantika, G. Babu Rao, and Jayshree Vencatesan. "Characterization and Management Concerns of Water Resources Around Pallikaranai Marsh, South Chennai." In Environmental and Agricultural Informatics, 1536–55. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9621-9.ch070.
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Pallikaranai is one of the last remaining natural wetlands of Chennai. This marsh collects floodwater and increases groundwater levels in the region. The present study characterizes the water sources available around Pallikaranai Marsh. Groundwater was found to be the main source of water in the study area, extracted through domestic wells as well as commercially through a large number of agricultural wells. Direct surface water extraction from wetlands by private tankers was also observed in some areas. Acute water shortage and inefficient water supply by the government has led to thriving of tanker market in this area. Shrinking of the marsh and surrounding water bodies owing to construction, dumping of waste and encroachment accompanied by over-extraction of groundwater is driving this area towards extreme water crisis especially in event of climate change. Conservation of wetlands and evolving norms for sustainable water extraction of groundwater especially by commercial entities is recommended.
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Bhaskar, Avantika, G. Babu Rao, and Jayshree Vencatesan. "Characterization and Management Concerns of Water Resources around Pallikaranai Marsh, South Chennai." In Reconsidering the Impact of Climate Change on Global Water Supply, Use, and Management, 102–21. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1046-8.ch007.
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Pallikaranai is one of the last remaining natural wetlands of Chennai. This marsh collects floodwater and increases groundwater levels in the region. The present study characterizes the water sources available around Pallikaranai Marsh. Groundwater was found to be the main source of water in the study area, extracted through domestic wells as well as commercially through a large number of agricultural wells. Direct surface water extraction from wetlands by private tankers was also observed in some areas. Acute water shortage and inefficient water supply by the government has led to thriving of tanker market in this area. Shrinking of the marsh and surrounding water bodies owing to construction, dumping of waste and encroachment accompanied by over-extraction of groundwater is driving this area towards extreme water crisis especially in event of climate change. Conservation of wetlands and evolving norms for sustainable water extraction of groundwater especially by commercial entities is recommended.
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"Fishery Resources, Environment, and Conservation in the Mississippi and Yangtze (Changjiang) River Basins." In Fishery Resources, Environment, and Conservation in the Mississippi and Yangtze (Changjiang) River Basins, edited by Yushun Chen, Mike Daniels, Michele Reba, Jennifer Bouldin, Chris Henry, Pearl Daniel, Sagar Shrestha, et al. American Fisheries Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874448.ch14.
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<em>Abstract</em>.—Agriculture has been identified as a potential leading source of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) and sediment enrichment of water bodies within the Mississippi River basin (MRB) and contributes to impaired water quality and biological resources in the MRB and the northern Gulf of Mexico (GOM). This study reviewed agriculture, impacts on water quality and biological resources, and a brief introduction of watershed conservation programs in the MRB. Agriculture has increased nutrients and sediment loads to the Mississippi River and the northern GOM since the 1950s. Fish and macroinvertebrate communities have shifted, and low oxygen and high-turbidity-tolerant groups became dominant. In addition to existing conservation practices such as the Conservation Reserve Program through the 1985 farm bill and other related programs (e.g., the Wetlands Reserve Program), a recent basin-wide conservation initiative—the Mississippi River Basin Healthy Watersheds Initiative (MRBI)—was launched by U.S. Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service in 2010. The MRBI provides financial incentives (more than US$222 million) to producers and landowners in 640 watersheds of 13 states to implement voluntary conservation practices that improve water quality, restore wetlands, enhance wildlife habitat, and sustain agricultural profitability. Edge-of-field and watershed monitoring have been initiated through the MRBI and related agricultural conservation programs such as Section 319 of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Clean Water Act and new initiatives such as the Discovery Farms program in Arkansas, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and North Dakota, Pioneer Farm in Wisconsin, the Louisiana Master Farmer Program in Louisiana, and others in the MRB states. These efforts will greatly improve downstream watershed ecosystem health by avoiding, controlling, and trapping nutrient and sediment runoff from agricultural fields to the Mississippi River and GOM. Although there continues to be problems with nutrient transport, sedimentation, and depleted groundwater supplies, agriculture will likely have less influence on the future ecological health condition of the Mississippi River and GOM. Future restoration programs need to focus more on state or regional coordination by classifying restoration projects and standardizing the geographic scale and evaluation methods across the whole MRB.
Conference papers on the topic "Water resources - Conservation - Study and teaching"
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Stillwell, Ashlynn S., and Michael E. Webber. "Water Conservation and Reuse: A Case Study of the Energy-Water Nexus in Texas." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2010. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41114(371)417.
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Lin, Jen-Yang, Ju-Chung Lee, Cheng-Daw Shieh, and Shaw L. Yu. "A Study on Quantifying the Relationship between Stream Physical Parameters and Ecological Conservation." In World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2001. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40569(2001)161.
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Sheng, Z., J. P. King, L. S. Aristizabal, and J. Davis. "Assessment of Water Conservation by Lining Canals in the Paso Del Norte Region: The Franklin Canal Case Study." In World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2003. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40685(2003)190.
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Petruzziello, Gerardo, Marco Giovanni Mariani, Dina Guglielmi, and Rita Chiesa. "Support from Teaching Staff and Self-efficacy as Determinants of Students' Perceived Employability: a Longitudinal study." In Seventh International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head21.2021.12957.
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Perceived employability acquires, for university students, growing importanceto deal with occupational uncertainty. This study examines how teaching inuniversity influences perceived employability in a sample of Italian final-yearuniversity students. We draw on Conservation on Resources Theory andCareer self-management model to hypothesise a positive impact of supportfrom teaching staff on students' perceived employability. We also contend thatstudents' self-efficacy mediates the relationship between support from teachingstaff and perceived employability. One hundred fifty-one university studentscompleted a survey three times over 10 months. The results confirm thatsupport from teaching staff enhances students' perceived employabilitydirectly and indirectly by shaping students' self-efficacy. Our findings confirmthe role of university teachers and their didactical practice to equip theirstudents with career resources.
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Feng, Jianguo, Zongjun Gao, Min Wang, Hong Tian, Chunrong Zhang, and Lu Xia. "Reform of Practice Teaching links for the Major of Hydrology and Water Resources Engineering--A Case Study of SDUST." In Proceedings of the 2019 5th International Conference on Education Reform and Modern Management (ERMM 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ermm-19.2019.44.
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Zeng, Min Qian (Michelle), Hailan Chen, Anil Shrestha, Chris Crowley, Emma Ng, and Guangyu Wang. "International Collaboration on a Sustainable Forestry Management OER Online Program – A Case Study." In Sixth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head20.2020.11242.
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Over time, forest education has had to adapt to keep up with global changes and to accomodate the needs of students and society. While facing pressing global issues like climate change, deforestation, illegal logging and food security, the role of higher forest education has shifted away from traditional teaching approaches and practices to methods that emphasize sustainable development, community-based management and environmental conservation in forestry. In doing so, forest education has cultivated human expertise that understands the complexity of ever-changing environments, masters state of the art technologies to manage fores and natural resources, and is capable of creating, communicating and implementing related policies in global communities and societies. In this context, educational technology and online lerning enable flexible, accessible, effective, and high-quality forest education. A case study of a Sustainable Forest Management Online program led by the Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia (UBC) shows that appropriately integrating educational technologies into an interntionally developed and recognized high quality curriculum is an effective way to create accessible and affordable forest education in meeting the demand of evolving societal and environmental conditions.Keywords: forest education; educational technology; international collaboration, open educational resources
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Sheldon, Seth, and Ory Zik. "Water Scarcity: An Energy Problem." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-88241.
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Using the connection between water and energy as a case study, we present a model that uses the effects of geospatial and temporal context on embedded energy to approximate resource sustainability for water. First, the basic steps of calculating the energy intensity for a given location are discussed. Intensity is presented in units of energy per volume of water. In the case of supplying fresh water, energy intensity depends upon the quality of the original resource, its location relative to the end use location, and the type of technology in use to move and treat the water. Pumping, and conveyance, purification, distribution, wastewater treatment, and system inefficiencies (e.g. evaporative losses, leaks) increase the total energy investment, while water recycling decreases the total investment. Lift and purification are typically the greatest contributors to the overall energy intensity of a fresh water supply, but system inefficiencies can have a substantial impact as well. Over time, growing cities tend to progress from using their least energy intensive water resources (e.g. untreated surface water) to their most energy intensive (e.g. long distance transfers, desalinated water lifted to high elevations) as water demands begin to outstrip supplies. As a function of water availability, we assign each location an intensity value that approaches the intensity of its next “best” (i.e., least energy intensive) source of water. Hence, an area which is depleting its available surface and groundwater may have desalinated surface or groundwater as its next (and last) resort. The area would be characterized as undergoing water stress, and relatively less sustainable than areas which use their local fresh water supplies with no perceivable negative impact. An operating principle of this research is that with enough energy, it is possible to supply any location with fresh water. Desalinated ocean water, moved over long distances and lifted to great heights represents that upper limit. Working backwards from this extreme scenario, it is possible to not only move away from the paradigm of unitless or vague sustainability indices, but to quantify resource scarcity in a way that is both intuitive and actionable. The model is also self-correcting: areas may reduce the energy intensity of a sustainable water supply through better management of existing fresh water resources or through technological innovations that produce fresh water from degraded sources in an energy efficient manner. A major conclusion of this research is that the amount of energy necessary to maintain a reliable supply of fresh water greatly varies by location and technology choice. Further, many areas of the country overuse their local fresh water sources. To create a durable water supply, such areas can 1) reduce their use of local fresh water to sustainable levels and invest in alternative water sources—at a high financial and energy cost, or 2) aggressively pursue water efficiency measures so that they can both reduce their reliance on local fresh water sources and avoid the high costs associated with alternative water supplies. Additionally, by converting water use to energy consumption as a function of scarcity, it is possible to weigh the relative importance of water use efficiency to conservation in other areas (e.g. electricity, direct heating, waste disposal).
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Jou, William, Samantha M. Beaulieu, Adrienne K. Lim, and Erin F. MacDonald. "A Wizard-of-Oz Experiment to Demonstrate Water Reduction and User Training With an “Autonomous” Faucet." In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98468.
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Abstract Resource-conserving products and commercial smart products abound in the market, but the intersection of the two is largely unexplored from the human-centered-design community. Research has shown that people (users) have different cognitive styles that influence their methods of approaching challenges and how they interpret the world. Utilizing this knowledge of cognitive styles, energy conserving products could (1) reduce resource consumption of its users and (2) increase user satisfaction with interacting with those products. Passive products — such as a flow-limiting showerhead — do not seek to change the user behavior and solely change the behavior of the product to conserve water. In this work, we design and test an “active smart” product to see if it can change users through product interaction. A custom faucet was designed and built to conduct an experiment with the Wizard of Oz (WoZ) technique of remotely operating a device to create the impression of autonomy/smartness. Participants were asked to wash multiple sets of dishes to test if: (1) participants use less water when washing dishes with a smart faucet and (2) participants remember this behavior change and use less water in a alter interaction with a normal faucet. Results confirmed the hypotheses and showed that those interacting with the faucet reduced their consumption by 26.5% during WoZ treatment and, importantly, 10.9% while washing after interacting with the WoZ treatment. Limitations include the implementation of the smart algorithm and the willingness-to-pay for a smart faucet in the home. This study demonstrates that smart products can conserve resources and train for further conservation even when the user is not using the smart product.
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Georgiev, Georgi. "BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY OF WETLANDS AND RAMSAR PLACES IN THE CROSS-BORDER REGION OF BULGARIA, NORTHERN MACEDONIA, ALBANIA AND GREECE AND DEVELOPMENT." In TOURISM AND CONNECTIVITY 2020. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/tc2020.97.
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According to the definition of the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), wetlands on Earth are areas that are flooded or saturated with water, artificial or natural, permanently or temporarily flooded with standing, sitting or running water. These areas include areas where water is the predominant element, such as swamps, wetlands, peatlands, estuaries, sea branches and lagoons, lakes, rivers and artificial reservoirs with a depth of more than six meters. Considering the importance of these territories and with the deep conviction that the preservation of their flora and fauna can be ensured by combining long-term national policy with coordinated international action, the scientific community reacted to the encroachments and unreasonable attitude to them by concluding 02.02. 1971 of the Convention on wetlands of international importance, especially as waterfowl habitats, known to the general public as the Ramsar Convention. The main objectives of this document are to manage wetlands as sites of great economic, cultural, scientific and conservation value, to avoid damage and loss and to preserve them through prudent use, i.e. through their continuous development. The object of study in the present work is the biological diversity, in particular the avifauna of some of the internationally important wetlands in the border areas between Bulgaria, Greece, the Republic of North Macedonia and Albania in view of the opportunities they offer for the development of some forms of alternative types of tourism.
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Fumo, N., P. J. Mago, and L. M. Chamra. "Effect of the Power Generation Unit Size on the Energy Performance of Cooling, Heating, and Power Systems." In ASME 2008 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2008-60057.
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Cooling, Heating, and Power (CHP) systems are a form of distributed generation that can provide electricity while recovering waste heat to be used for space and water heating, and for space cooling by means of an absorption chiller. CHP systems improve the overall thermal energy efficiency of a building, while reducing energy consumption. Since energy conservation has implications on energy resources and environment, CHP systems energy performance should be evaluated based on building primary energy consumption. Primary energy consumption includes the energy consumed at the building itself (site energy) plus the energy used to generate, transmit, and distribute the site energy. The objective of this investigation is to determine the effect of the power generation unit (PGU) size on the energy performance of CHP systems. Since CHP systems energy performance varies with the building energy profiles, in this study the same building is evaluated for three different cities with different climate conditions. This paper includes simulation results for the cases when a CHP system operates with and without a primary energy strategy. Results show that for any PGU size energy savings are guaranteed only when the primary energy strategy is applied. Since CHP system energy performance depends on the building energy use profiles, which depend on climate conditions and other factors such as building characteristic and operation, each case requires a particular analysis in order to define the optimum size of the power generation unit.