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Journal articles on the topic 'Water- salt load'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Quinn, Nigel W. T., Michael K. Tansey, and James Lu. "Comparison of Deterministic and Statistical Models for Water Quality Compliance Forecasting in the San Joaquin River Basin, California." Water 13, no. 19 (2021): 2661. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13192661.

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Model selection for water quality forecasting depends on many factors including analyst expertise and cost, stakeholder involvement and expected performance. Water quality forecasting in arid river basins is especially challenging given the importance of protecting beneficial uses in these environments and the livelihood of agricultural communities. In the agriculture-dominated San Joaquin River Basin of California, real-time salinity management (RTSM) is a state-sanctioned program that helps to maximize allowable salt export while protecting existing basin beneficial uses of water supply. The

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2

Paulsen, Ronald J., Daniel O'Rourke, Christopher F. Smith, and Teng-Fong Wong. "Tidal Load and Salt Water Influences on Submarine Ground Water Discharge." Ground Water 42, no. 7 (2004): 990–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2004.tb02638.x.

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3

Zhang, Wuhuan, Charles R. Burgis, Gail M. Hayes, Derek A. Henderson, and James A. Smith. "Mitigation of Deicing Salt Loading to Water Resources by Transpiration from Green Infrastructure Vegetation." Land 11, no. 6 (2022): 907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11060907.

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Green infrastructure (GI) protects aquatic ecosystems from stormwater runoff caused by urban development. Bioretention (BR) is a typical GI system wherein stormwater runoff is routed to a soil basin planted with vegetation and has been shown to reduce deicing salt loads in surface runoff, but the removal mechanism of salt is poorly understood. This study explores the potential of different vegetation types to reduce deicing salt released from a BR by transpiration. Six engineered soil media columns were built in a laboratory greenhouse to simulate a 1012 m2 BR basin along Lorton Road, Fairfax

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Alwis, Upeksha Sewwandi, Irina Verbakel, Kim Pauwaert, et al. "The Influence of Salt Sensitivity Phenotype on Sodium Excretion and Diuresis: A Chrononutrition Pilot Study." International Journal of Clinical Practice 2022 (January 31, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9608962.

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Background. Chrononutrition studies on interaction of diet/nutrients on endogenous circadian clocks and meal timing on metabolic homeostasis may be of importance in the management of nocturnal polyuria (NP), owing to loss of circadian rhythm in nighttime urination. Dietary salt restriction is an increasingly popular lifestyle recommendation for NP patients. Aim. This study aims to evaluate the effect of an acute salt load on diuresis and to study the phenomenon of salt sensitivity. Methodology. Young, healthy men (n = 21, fasted and sober) ingested 500 ml of water on the control day and 8 g an

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Arabkhedri, M., F. S. Lai, I. Noor-Akma, and M. K. Mohamad-Roslan. "An application of adaptive cluster sampling for estimating total suspended sediment load." Hydrology Research 41, no. 1 (2009): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2010.113.

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Suspended sediment transport in river for a particular period is a timescale finite population. This population shows natural aggregation tendencies in sediment concentration particularly during floods. Adaptive cluster sampling (ACS) can be potentially conducted for sampling from this rare clustered population and estimating total load. To illustrate the performance of ACS in sediment estimation, a comparative study was carried out in the Gorgan-Rood River, Iran, with around a 5 year daily concentration record. The total sediment loads estimated by ACS were statistically compared to the obser

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Anna, Markina, and Mishсhenko Oksana. "The influence of indolinoren on kidney function in conditions of water and salt load." ScienceRise: Pharmaceutical Science, no. 4(14) (August 31, 2018): 20–23. https://doi.org/10.15587/2519-4852.2018.141304.

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Diuretics are widely used to correct kidney disorders. In turn, the ionic composition of food, mostly sodium ions, which directly affect the excretory function of the kidneys, can act as modulators of the action of diuretics. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of the new 2-oxoindoline derivative with the conventional name "Indolinoren" on the state of the excretory function of the kidneys under the conditions of water and salt load. Materials and methods. Studies were performed on white non-linear rats. The water load was modelled by introducing distilled water (5 ml

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Figueiredo, A., L. Amaral, and J. Pacheco. "Forecasting saltwater intrusion volume and sulfate content in a wastewater collection system. Case study: Barreiro/Moita WWTP, Portugal." Journal of Water and Climate Change 12, no. 8 (2021): 3648–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2021.375.

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Abstract The presence of salt water from the Tagus Estuary has been identified in the influent at Barreiro/Moita Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP), Portugal. The intrusion occurs throughout damaged sections and direct vectors in the wastewater collection system, during high tide levels, changing the wastewater characteristics and impacting the WWTP process. This study designed models to quantify this problem, enabling more effective countermeasures within the right timing. The proposed models estimate the average volume of salt water and sulfate () load for each high tide period. The laborator

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8

Gill, S. J., and T. W. Crooker. "Fatigue Crack Propagation in an HSLA Steel (MF-80) in Air and in Salt Water." Marine Technology and SNAME News 27, no. 04 (1990): 221–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.1990.27.4.221.

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Fatigue crack propagation was studied in MF-80 HSLA steel in ambient room air and in 3.5 percent sodium chloride salt water. Region II fatigue crack growth rate (da/dN) data were obtained at two load ratios, R = 0.10 and R = 0.67. da/dN values were found to be affected by both load ratio and environment, with the greatest effect being caused by the combination of high load ratio and salt-water environment. Overall, the results of this study suggest that MF-80 HSLA steel may have slightly less Region II fatigue crack propagation resistance than other high-strength steels of comparable strength.

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Zhang, Zheng, Hao Pan, Helong Wu, Shaofei Jiang, and Guozhong Chai. "Hygroscopic influence on bistable characteristics of antisymmetric composite cylindrical shells: An experimental study." Journal of Composite Materials 52, no. 26 (2018): 3565–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998318766226.

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This paper investigates the effect of moisture on bistable characteristics of antisymmetric composite cylindrical by using experimental and finite element method. The bistable characteristics are characterized by the curvatures of antisymmetric composite cylindrical shells in different stable states and snap processes between the two stable states which are indicated by the load–displacement curve and snap load. The manufactured specimens after dried in the oven are immersed in distilled water to full saturation and the saturated salt solutions (MgCl2) to full saturation. The specimen achieves

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Elias, PC, LL Elias, M. Castro, J. Antunes-Rodrigues, and AC Moreira. "Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis up-regulation in rats submitted to pituitary stalk compression." Journal of Endocrinology 180, no. 2 (2004): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1800297.

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The present study investigated the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity in response to stress in adult male rats submitted to pituitary stalk compression (PSC) or sham operation. Animals received water or oral salt loading (2% NaCl) for one or eight days before the day of the experiment. On the 14th day post-surgery rats were killed under basal conditions or after 15 min immobilization stress. In the PSC group urine output increased significantly and plasma vasopressin (AVP) levels failed to respond to osmotic stimuli. Short-term salt load induced a significant increase in AVP le

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11

NICOLSON, SARAH W., and PETER L. LUTZ. "Salt Gland Function in the Green Sea Turtle Chelonia Mydas." Journal of Experimental Biology 144, no. 1 (1989): 171–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.144.1.171.

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When salt-gland-cannulated green sea turtles were stimulated by the intravenous injection of various salt loads the secretion osmolality rose quickly from a basal value of 300–400 mosmol kg−1 to a plateau of 1680–2000. The height of the plateau and the duration of the response were dependent on the amount of salt given. An increase in flow rate accompanied the initial rise in concentration, but the flow rate thereafter declined while the plateau concentration was held. The fluid was protein-free, and was mainly composed of Na+ and Cl−, in similar relative concentrations to those in sea water,

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de Louw, P. G. B., Y. van der Velde, and S. E. A. T. M. van der Zee. "Quantifying water and salt fluxes in a lowland polder catchment dominated by boil seepage: a probabilistic end-member mixing approach." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 15, no. 7 (2011): 2101–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-2101-2011.

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Abstract. Upward saline groundwater seepage is leading to surface water salinization of deep lying polders in the Netherlands. Identifying measures to reduce the salt content requires a thorough understanding and quantification of the dominant sources of water and salt on a daily basis. However, as in most balance studies, there are large uncertainties in the contribution from groundwater seepage. Taking these into account, we applied a probabilistic (GLUE) end-member mixing approach to simulate two years of daily to weekly observations of discharge, salt loads and salt concentration of water

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de Louw, P. G. B., Y. van der Velde, and S. E. A. T. M. van der Zee. "Quantifying water and salt fluxes in a lowland polder catchment dominated by boil seepage: a probabilistic end-member mixing approach." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 8, no. 1 (2011): 151–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-8-151-2011.

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Abstract. Upward saline groundwater seepage is leading to surface water salinization of low-lying polders in the Netherlands. Identifying measures to reduce the salt content requires a thorough understanding and quantification of the dominant sources water and salt on a daily basis. However, as in most balance studies, there are large uncertainties about the contribution of groundwater seepage. Taking these into account, we applied a probabilistic (GLUE) end-member mixing approach to simulate two years of daily to weekly observations of discharge, salt loads and salt concentrations of water pu

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14

Reina, Richard D., T. Todd Jones, and James R. Spotila. "Salt and water regulation by the leatherback sea turtleDermochelys coriacea." Journal of Experimental Biology 205, no. 13 (2002): 1853–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.205.13.1853.

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SUMMARYWe measured the salt and water balance of hatchling leatherback sea turtles, Dermochelys coriacea, during their first few days of life to investigate how they maintain homeostasis under the osmoregulatory challenge of a highly desiccating terrestrial environment and then a hyperosmotic marine environment. Hatchlings desiccated rapidly when denied access to sea water,with their hematocrit increasing significantly from 30.32±0.54 % to 38.51±1.35 % and plasma Na+ concentration increasing significantly from 138.2±3.3 to 166.2±11.2 mmoll-1 in 12 h. When hatchlings were subsequently put into

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15

Apriansyah, Rony Agista, Sumarji Sumarji, and Gaguk Jatisukamto. "ANALISIS KETAHANAN KOROSI PIPA A53 PADA LINGUNGAN OIL SLUDGE DENGAN METODE C-RING." ROTOR 10, no. 1 (2017): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/rotor.v10i1.5145.

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Corrosion is the degradation of the material surface due to reaction with the environment. Steel pipe is one of the materials vulnerable to corrosion because the piping system is always in contact with the outside environment. This research have a purpose to know influence of cold working about corrosion resistance pipe A53 on oil sludge salt water and oil sludge pond environment with c-ring method. Oil sludge is sediment of crude oil thats contain water, sediment, and oil thats can be processed again. The cold working process is carried out by providing bending loads of 114 kg, 140 kg, and 16

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16

Chen, Chen, Kai Zhang, and Lin Ye. "Influence of Freeze–Thaw Cycles and Sustained Load on the Durability and Bearing Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Columns." Materials 17, no. 24 (2024): 6129. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17246129.

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The deterioration of concrete structures is mainly due to the combined action of the environment and external load. In this study, 32 reinforced concrete columns were prepared to evaluate the coupling actions on the properties of reinforced concrete structures. The durability, bearing capacity, and failure mode of reinforced concrete columns were investigated under the combined action of freeze–thaw (F–T) cycles, sustained load, and salt corrosion (water or composite salt solution). Results show that the mass fluctuation of reinforced concrete columns under a sustained load was more obvious du

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17

Dinar, Ariel, and Nigel W. T. Quinn. "Developing a Decision Support System for Regional Agricultural Nonpoint Salinity Pollution Management: Application to the San Joaquin River, California." Water 14, no. 15 (2022): 2384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14152384.

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Environmental problems and production losses associated with irrigated agriculture, such as salinity, degradation of receiving waters, such as rivers, and deep percolation of saline water to aquifers, highlight water-quality concerns that require a paradigm shift in resource-management policy. New tools are needed to assist environmental managers in developing sustainable solutions to these problems, given the nonpoint source nature of salt loads to surface water and groundwater from irrigated agriculture. Equity issues arise in distributing responsibility and costs to the generators of this s

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18

Bari, M. A., and K. R. J. Smettem. "A daily salt balance model for representing stream salinity generation process following land use change." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 2, no. 4 (2005): 1147–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-2-1147-2005.

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Abstract. We developed a coupled salt and water balance model to represent the stream salinity generation process following land use changes. The conceptual model consists of three main components with five stores: (i) Dry, Wet and Subsurface Stores, (ii) saturated Groundwater Store and (iii) a transient Stream zone Store. The Dry and Wet Stores represent the salt and water movement in the unsaturated zone and also the near-stream dynamic saturated areas, responsible for the generation of salt flux associated with surface runoff and interflow. The unsaturated Subsurface Store represents the sa

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Bari, M. A., and K. R. J. Smettem. "A daily salt balance model for stream salinity generation processes following partial clearing from forest to pasture." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 10, no. 4 (2006): 519–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-10-519-2006.

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Abstract. We developed a coupled salt and water balance model to represent the stream salinity generation process following land use changes. The conceptual model consists of three main components with five stores: (i) Dry, Wet and Subsurface Stores, (ii) a saturated Groundwater Store and (iii) a transient Stream zone Store. The Dry and Wet Stores represent the salt and water movement in the unsaturated zone and also the near-stream dynamic saturated areas, responsible for the generation of salt flux associated with surface runoff and interflow. The unsaturated Subsurface Store represents the

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20

Morozov, O. V., V. V. Morozov, and Y. V. Kozlenko. "Water-salt anthropogenic load on long-irrigated soils of the Ingulets massif." Interagency thematic scientific collection «Irrigated agriculture», no. 76 (2021): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.32848/0135-2369.2021.76.9.

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21

Barrett, Brian, Graham Heinson, Michael Hatch, and Andrew Telfer. "River sediment salt-load detection using a water-borne transient electromagnetic system." Journal of Applied Geophysics 58, no. 1 (2005): 29–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2005.03.002.

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22

Daramola, J. A., T. O. Oladosu, and K. S. Ismail. "Fermentation and Effect on the Microbial Loads of Atlantic Cod, Gadus morhua." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 24, no. 3 (2020): 459–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v24i3.9.

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The study was carried out to evaluate the effect of fermentation on the microbial loads of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Eviscerated samples of Atlantic cod were fermented in three media: sterile distilled water, 14% saline medium and 14% salt with potash for 24 hours. The fermented Atlantic cod samples were oven-dried at 600C for one hour and thereafter, 1000C for three hours, cooled and stored in plastic baskets at ambient temperature for four weeks. Analyses of the dried fermented Atlantic cod was carried out weekly for Salmonella shigella, total bacterial, Staphylococcal, total fungal and t

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23

Saitov, Viktor, Vyacheslav Farafonov, and Aleksey Saitov. "Study of ergot isolation from rye in an aqueous salt solution." E3S Web of Conferences 164 (2020): 06003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016406003.

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The aim of the research is to determine the effectiveness of ergot isolation and to estimate grain losses in waste when the cereal material is immersed in the stream material in water and an aqueous solution of salt of different densities ρzh from the specific grain load gsp. Practical experiments were carried out by feeding grain material of winter rye of Falenskaya 4 variety with a moisture content of 14% from a height of h = 60∙10-3 m into water and an aqueous solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) with a density of 1030, 1060, 1090, 1120, 1150 and 1180 kg/m3. The variation of the specific grai

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Roman, R. J., and J. L. Osborn. "Renal function and sodium balance in conscious Dahl S and R rats." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 252, no. 5 (1987): R833—R841. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1987.252.5.r833.

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Renal transplantation studies have indicated that some form of renal dysfunction underlies the development of hypertension in Dahl salt-sensitive (S) rats. In the present study, we compared renal hemodynamic and tubular function of conscious Dahl S and salt-resistant (R) rats. Prehypertensive Dahl S rats had a blunted natriuretic response to an intravenous isotonic sodium chloride load compared with the responses of normotensive Dahl R or hypertensive Dahl S rats. This difference was probably not related to a generalized defect in renal tubular handling of sodium and water, since prehypertensi

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C.P.S. Chauhan, R.B. Singh, and S.K. Gupta. "Comparative Performance of Strategies for Conjunctive Use of Fresh and Saline Water to Grow Wheat Crop." Journal of Agricultural Engineering (India) 42, no. 4 (2005): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.52151/jae2005424.1148.

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In arid lI!ld semi-arid regions, ground water is mainly saline in nature. It is open to question, whether such waters could be exploited to meet the crop water requirement. The experimental evidences generated world over reveal that it could be achieved through conjunctive use. Recently, some conflicting reports have appeared on the relative merits of different modes of conjunctive use i.e. cyclic, switching and mixing modes. A field experiment was conducted during 2001-02 and 2002-03 using low (3.6 dS m-1) and highly saline water (15 dS m-1) to show that with appropriate conjunctive mode even

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Zhang, Sha Sha, and Zhi Ren Dai. "Experimental Studies on the Salt Expansion Law of Gravel Sulfate Saline Soil under the Five Factors of Salt Expansion." Advanced Materials Research 1051 (October 2014): 435–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1051.435.

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In order to learn gravel sulfate saline soil can be used as roadbed filler, the salt expansion law of gravel sulfate saline soil was experimental studied. In high and low temperature testing device, large salt expansion tests were carried under the change of temperature, salt content, initial density, water and overlying load. The tests were based on the soluble salt content preparation method of screening method of 5mm. It was shown that the salt expansion volume increased with the cooling rate slowed down. The sensitive temperature range of gravel sulfate saline soil was during-5°C—-10°C. Th

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Sasidharan, T. O., S. P. Goyal, Phool Chand, and P. K. Ghosh. "The effects of water deprivation and salt load on water conservation efficiency in two Indian desert gerbils." Journal of Comparative Physiology B 160, no. 4 (1990): 413–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01075673.

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28

Almanda, Deni, and Mujiono Mujiono. "Pengujian Beban Generator Sinkron Menggunakan Air Aquades dan Air Suling AC (Water Conditioning) Bercampur Garam dengan Mekanisme Dummy Load sebagai Penggerak." RESISTOR (Elektronika Kendali Telekomunikasi Tenaga Listrik Komputer) 6, no. 1 (2023): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.24853/resistor.6.1.5-10.

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ABSTRAK Alat uji beban generator sinkron merupakan salah satu instrument yang bertujuan untuk pemeriksa dan penilaian performa generator pada saat diberi beban (ampere) sesuai dengan label yang tertera pada mesin. Alat menpunyai system kerja sama dengan system elektrolisis.Air aquades dan air suling AC bercampur dengan garam berfungsi sebagai larutan elekrolit berfungsi sebagai elektroda.Terdapat perbedaan penggunaan jumlah elektroda untuk genset 1 fasa dengan 3 fasa (genset 1 fasa menggunakan 2 buah elektroda yaitu fasa dan netral, sedangkan genset 3 fasa menggunakan 3 buah elektroda sebagai

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Reshag, ,. A. F., ,. Ab Abood Dhyaa, and ,. A. Ahmed Maysoon. "Histological changes of kidney and Salt glands in response to over load salty water in Mallard Ducks (Anas playhrnchos)." Kufa Journal For Veterinary Medical Sciences 5, no. 2 (2014): 347–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.36326/kjvs/2014/v5i24174.

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Present study were carried out on Fifteen adults of the fresh water Mallared ducks, divided into three groups for determinate the histological adaptation of kidneys in absence of salt glands. The results were showed that, the kidneys of birds in group 3were increased in the size (52±0.8cm) in compared to those of control group (40±0.3cm). Histologically, showed marked congestion in renal tubules, glomerular congestion, and thickening of bowman capsule.Thelining cells of proximal and distal convoluted tubules showed enlarged acidophilic cytoplasm and their nuclei were heterochromic. The collect

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Reshag, ,. A. F., ,. Ab Abood Dhyaa, and ,. A. Ahmed Maysoon. "Histological changes of kidney and Salt glands in response to over load salty water in Mallard Ducks (Anas playhrnchos)." Kufa Journal For Veterinary Medical Sciences 5, no. 2 (2014): 347–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.36326/kjvs/2014/v5i24174.

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Present study were carried out on Fifteen adults of the fresh water Mallared ducks, divided into three groups for determinate the histological adaptation of kidneys in absence of salt glands. The results were showed that, the kidneys of birds in group 3were increased in the size (52±0.8cm) in compared to those of control group (40±0.3cm). Histologically, showed marked congestion in renal tubules, glomerular congestion, and thickening of bowman capsule.Thelining cells of proximal and distal convoluted tubules showed enlarged acidophilic cytoplasm and their nuclei were heterochromic. The collect

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Devarajan, Sankar, Eiji Yahiro, Yoshinari Uehara, et al. "Depressor effect of chymase inhibitor in mice with high salt-induced moderate hypertension." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 309, no. 11 (2015): H1987—H1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00721.2014.

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The aim of the present study was to determine whether long-term high salt intake in the drinking water induces hypertension in wild-type (WT) mice and whether a chymase inhibitor or other antihypertensive drugs could reverse the increase of blood pressure. Eight-week-old male WT mice were supplied with drinking water containing 2% salt for 12 wk (high-salt group) or high-salt drinking water plus an oral chymase inhibitor (TPC-806) at four different doses (25, 50, 75, or 100 mg/kg), captopril (75 mg/kg), losartan (100 mg/kg), hydrochlorothiazide (3 mg/kg), eplerenone (200 mg/kg), or amlodipine

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Cupples, W. A., and H. Sonnenberg. "Load dependency of sodium chloride reabsorption by medullary collecting duct in rat." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 253, no. 4 (1987): F642—F648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1987.253.4.f642.

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During antidiuresis, the medullary collecting duct (MCD) reabsorbs sodium in load-dependent fashion. However, attempts to characterize reabsorption when sodium delivery to the MCD is elevated have not led to clear results, largely due to interfering effects of the strategies employed to raise delivery. In the present study, microcatheterization was performed in rats undergoing water diuresis induced solely by infusion of 2.5% dextrose in water, and in rats where solute delivery to the MCD was markedly elevated by the combination of water diuresis with acute potassium chloride loading. The resu

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Syafitra Rezki, Muhammad Adhzerian, Harri Maliansyah, Dimas Yusuf Ariyanto, and Muhammad Faishal. "Pemanfaatan Air Larutan Garam Sebagai Kabel Penghantar Listrik Pengganti Tembaga." Buletin Ilmiah Sarjana Teknik Elektro 1, no. 2 (2019): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/biste.v1i2.884.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan memanfaatkan air larutan garam sebagai penghantar listrik untuk menjadikannya alternatif pengganti kabel tembaga yang saat ini banyak digunakan dalam menghantarkan listrik. Proses dari air larutan garam yang dapat menghantarkan listrik karena pada larutan garam menggandung NaCl yang mengakibat adanya perpindahan elektron dari suatu atom ke atom yang lain. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan beberapa sampel massa garam yang berbeda-beda serta dilakukan perbandingan daya hantar listrik dengan air tanpa larutan garam dan tembaga yang dihubungkan pada beban lampu sebesar 10 W

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Paudel, Bishnu Hari, and S. Kumar. "EFFECT OF WATER AND SALINE LOAD ON URINARY OUTPUT IN HEALTHY UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL STUDENTS." Journal of Nepal Medical Association 42, no. 145 (2003): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31729/jnma.712.

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ABSTRACTWater and electrolyte balance is a vital homeostatic function. Their excretion depends on various factors –state of hydration, plasma osmolarity etc. There are rare reports on effect of hypertonic solution on urinaryoutput. Therefore, the study aimed at investigating the effect of water or saline (especially the hypertonic)load on urinary output (UO) in healthy undergraduate male medical students (17-20 years). They (n=20)were randomised into 4 equal groups: control, water, normal and hypertonic saline (1.8%). The study wasa part of undergraduate practical conducted under controlled co

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Балботкина, Е. В., Е. А. Спириденко, Т. А. Каравашкина, and А. В. Кутина. "Effects of a didpeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor on urinary sodium and water excretion in rats with water-salt disbalance." ZHurnal «Patologicheskaia fiziologiia i eksperimental`naia terapiia», no. 3() (June 27, 2019): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.25557/0031-2991.2019.03.73-80.

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Желудочно-кишечный тракт секретирует широкий спектр пептидов, регулирующих метаболические процессы и влияющих на функции почек и водно-солевой баланс. Эффекты данных биологически активных веществ можно усилить увеличением их периода полужизни путем угнетения фермента дипептидилпептидазы-4. Цель исследования - изучение экскреции ионов натрия и воды при угнетении дипептидилпептидазы-4 вилдаглиптином у крыс с различным состоянием водно-солевого баланса. Методика. Состояния гипернатриемии, гиперосмии или гипоосмии моделировали пероральным введением гипертонического и изотонического растворов NaCl

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Dickinson, Hayley, Karen Moritz, E. Marelyn Wintour, David W. Walker, and Michelle M. Kett. "A comparative study of renal function in the desert-adapted spiny mouse and the laboratory-adapted C57BL/6 mouse: response to dietary salt load." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 293, no. 4 (2007): F1093—F1098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00202.2007.

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The desert-adapted spiny mouse has a significantly lower glomerular number, increased glomerular size, and a more densely packed renal papillae compared with the similar-sized laboratory-adapted C57BL/6 mouse. In the present study we examined the functional consequences of these structural differences in young adult male spiny and C57BL/6 mice and detailed the impact of 1 wk of a high-salt (10% wt/wt NaCl) diet. Basal food and water intake, urine and feces production, and urinary electrolyte concentrations were not different between species, although urinary urea concentrations were higher in

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Markina, Anna, and Oksana Mishсhenko. "The influence of indolinoren on kidney function in conditions of water and salt load." ScienceRise: Pharmaceutical Science, no. 4 (14) (August 31, 2018): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2519-4852.2018.141304.

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Botelho, Luciana M. O., Christine H. Block, Mahesh C. Khosla, and Robson A. S. Santos. "Plasma angiotensin(1–7) immunoreactivity is increased by salt load, water deprivation, and hemorrhage." Peptides 15, no. 4 (1994): 723–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0196-9781(94)90103-1.

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LeBlanc, David. "Too Good to Leave on the Shelf." Mechanical Engineering 132, no. 05 (2010): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2010-may-2.

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This article explores the use of molten salt reactors (MSR) as a source of cheap and limitless energy for nuclear power industry. Molten salt reactors contain no fuel pellets. MSRs run at near-atmospheric pressure, so the thick-walled pressure vessels found in light-water reactors are unnecessary. Since there is no water or sodium in the reactor fluids, there is zero possibility of a steam explosion or hydrogen production within the containment. The article also highlights advantages of using MSRs in nuclear-powered bombers. Many of the drawbacks to the molten salt reactor approach have been w

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Braaten, Robert O., and Mark Flaherty. "Salt balances of inland shrimp ponds in Thailand: implications for land and water salinization." Environmental Conservation 28, no. 4 (2001): 357–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892901000388.

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Brackish water ponds for farming black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) have recently proliferated in inland areas of Thailand's central plain, raising concerns about land and water salinization. The environmental impacts of inland shrimp farming were assessed by analysing the salt balance for an inland shrimp farm. Field data on water fluxes and pond salinity, collected from nine ponds in Chachoengsao Province from May–July 1999, were used to model the salt balance for a typical shrimp pond over one growout cycle. During growout, seepage represented 38% (11.5 tonnes crop−1) of salt losses, pond

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Li, Wenhao, Zhenhua Wang, Ningning Liu, and Jinzhu Zhang. "Study on Tribological Characteristics of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene under Unsaturated Lubrication of Water and Brine." Polymers 14, no. 19 (2022): 4138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14194138.

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The tribological characteristics of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) under unsaturated lubrication of water and brine were studied. The friction coefficients and wear rates of UHMWPE at different applied loads and sliding speeds were recorded by field tests, and the effects of load and speed on the friction properties of UHMWPE were analyzed. The results showed that under certain liquid drop (about 150–170 mL/h) lubrication, the tribological behaviors of UHMWPE were better than those of dry sliding, and the friction coefficient and wear rate of UHMWPE were reduced by more than

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Marshall, Nadine A., and Paul C. E. Bailey. "Impact of secondary salinisation on freshwater ecosystems: effects of contrasting, experimental, short-term releases of saline wastewater on macroinvertebrates in a lowland stream." Marine and Freshwater Research 55, no. 5 (2004): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf03018.

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In Australia, secondary salinisation of land and water resources is a serious environmental problem. We conducted two field experiments to examine the effects on macroinvertebrates of increased salt concentration (approximately 1000 and 2000 mg L–1 total dissolved solids (TDS)) and mode of salt water release (continuous press release approximately 1500 mg L–1 and four, separate pulses of approximately 3400 mg L–1 TDS). The abundance of the gastropod Ferrissia tasmanica, the mayfly Baetis sp. 5 and scraper and predator functional feeding groups were significantly reduced at 1500 mg L–1, with th

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Aizman, R. I. "Functional development of the kidneys in ontogenesis as main effector of water salt homeostasis system." Novye issledovania, no. 3(79) (September 30, 2024): 88–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.46742/2072-8840-2024-79-3-88-110.

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Based on our own findings and literary data, we discuss the development of osmotic, volumetric and ion-regulating kidney functions in human ontogenesis. It has been shown that in the morning at rest on an empty stomach, the main functions of the kidneys, except for filtration and reabsorption processes, correspond to the definitive level at the age of 2-3 years. After water-salt load, which activates the corresponding systems, the volume-regulatory function of the kidneys approaches the adult level at the age of 7-8 years, and the osmo-regulatory and ion-regulatory functions approach the adult

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Datta, J. K., S. Layek, A. Banerjee, N. K. Mondal, and S. Gupta. "Physico-chemical Characterization of Water Quality of Eutrophied Surface Water Body and Ground Water around the Field Crop Research Station, Burdwan, West Bengal." Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution 7, no. 3 (2010): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ajw-2010-7_3_08.

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A study on water quality of eutrophied surface water body of Kalna farm as well as ground water quality of the area was done to investigate the level of pollution and contamination that have occurred in these two sources of fresh water systems. Several physicochemical parameters viz., pH, temperature, TDS, turbidity, nitrate nitrogen, phosphate, sodium and potassium content were measured in groundwater samples. For surface water analysis, DO, BOD and COD were mediated to evaluate the pollution load of the surface water bodies surrounding the Kalna farm. Results indicate that all the surface wa

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Woźnica, Andrzej, Damian Absalon, Magdalena Matysik, et al. "Analysis of the Salinity of the Vistula River Based on Patrol Monitoring and State Environmental Monitoring." Water 15, no. 5 (2023): 838. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15050838.

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Background: Secondary salinity of river water reduces the value of ecosystem services, negatively impacting the entire aquatic ecosystem and reducing the possibility of water use. In Poland, significant anthropogenic salinity of rivers and water reservoirs is usually associated with mining activity consisting of pumping salty mine water into settling ponds or often directly into rivers. However, to assess the reasons for the salinity of the Vistula waters, it is necessary to identify all sources of salt in surface waters, enabling the assessment of the salt load in the waters. Methods: The pap

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Wald, H., P. Scherzer, and M. M. Popovtzer. "Inhibition of thick ascending limb Na+-K+-ATPase activity in salt-loaded rats by furosemide." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 256, no. 4 (1989): F549—F555. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1989.256.4.f549.

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To evaluate the role of increased thick ascending limb Na+-K+-ATPase activity in rats undergoing hypertonic salt loading, the following groups of rats were studied: 1) control rats, 2) rats receiving an oral hypertonic Na load for 7 days, and 3) rats receiving the same oral Na load as in group 2 plus a daily injection of 10 mg/100 g of furosemide ip for 7 days. Salt loading (group 2) was associated with increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and hence an increased filtered load of sodium. Plasma aldosterone levels were markedly decreased. Na+-K+-ATPase was unchanged in the proximal tubule

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Luo, Haihua, Qiang Shen, Yunfei Chen, Shien Sun, Junguang Lin, and Houlei Zhang. "Thermodynamic Performance of Molten Salt Heat Storage System Used for Regulating Load and Supplying High Temperature Steam in Coal-Fired Cogeneration Power Plants." E3S Web of Conferences 194 (2020): 01034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019401034.

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In order to accept more electricity from renewable energy, cogeneration power plants are considering to reduce electricity production, which affects the heat supply. Here we present a molten salt heat storage system for coal-fired cogeneration power plants, which can supply high temperature steam to users and decouple the heat and electricity production. The first and second law-based analytical models for the cycle and a real device are built. Two water input methods are taken into account. The results show that the high and low temperatures in the two molten salt tanks influence the design o

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Egfjord, M., and K. Olgaard. "Aldosterone metabolism in the isolated perfused liver of R and S hypertension-prone Dahl rats." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 262, no. 4 (1992): E488—E496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1992.262.4.e488.

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The effect of a chronic oral salt load on hepatic metabolism of aldosterone was examined in isolated livers of salt-resistant (R) and salt-sensitive (S) hypertension-prone male Dahl rats perfused with d-[4-14C]aldosterone (10(-9) M). Aldosterone was analyzed by radioimmunoassay and [4-14C]aldosterone radiometabolites by high-performance liquid chromatography. In salt-loaded S rats, systolic blood pressure was 30 mmHg higher than in the other three groups (P less than 0.01). In S rats, on standard and high-salt diets, plasma renin activity was 64% (P less than 0.001) and 50% (P less than 0.01)

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Wahba, M. A. S., and E. W. Christen. "Modeling subsurface drainage for salt load management in southeastern Australia." Irrigation and Drainage Systems 20, no. 2-3 (2006): 267–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10795-006-9007-x.

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Vega-Zamanillo, Ángel, Luis Juli-Gándara, Miguel Ángel Calzada-Pérez, and Evelio Teijón-López-Zuazo. "Impact of Temperature Changes and Freeze—Thaw Cycles on the Behaviour of Asphalt Concrete Submerged in Water with Sodium Chloride." Applied Sciences 10, no. 4 (2020): 1241. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10041241.

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One of the main applications of salt in civil engineering is its use as a de-icing agent on roads in cold areas. The purpose of this research is to find out the mechanical behaviour of an asphalt concrete when it is subjected to temperature changes and freeze–thaw cycles. These temperature interactions have been carried out for dry specimens, specimens submerged in distilled water and specimens submerged in salt water (5% of sodium chloride, NaCl). An AC16 Surf D bituminous mixture was evaluated under three types of temperature interaction: three reference series remained at a controlled tempe

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