Relevant bibliographies by topics / Water scarcity

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Water scarcity'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Water scarcity"

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Postel, Sandra. "Water Scarcity." Environmental Science & Technology 26, no. 12 (December 1992): 2332–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es00036a600.

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Flynn, Dave. "Sustainable Development and Water Resource Scarcity." Archives of Business Research 2, no. 5 (September 30, 2014): 12–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/abr.25.438.

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Jiang, Yong. "China's water scarcity." Journal of Environmental Management 90, no. 11 (August 2009): 3185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.04.016.

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Molden, David. "Scarcity of water or scarcity of management?" International Journal of Water Resources Development 36, no. 2-3 (November 19, 2019): 258–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2019.1676204.

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Tzanakakis, Vasileios A., Nikolaos V. Paranychianakis, and Andreas N. Angelakis. "Water Supply and Water Scarcity." Water 12, no. 9 (August 21, 2020): 2347. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12092347.

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This paper provides an overview of the Special Issue on water supply and water scarcity. The papers selected for publication include review papers on water history, on water management issues under water scarcity regimes, on rainwater harvesting, on water quality and degradation, and on climatic variability impacts on water resources. Overall, the issue underscores the need for a revised water management, especially in areas with demographic change and climate vulnerability towards sustainable and secure water supply. Moreover, general guidelines and possible solutions, such as the adoption of advanced technological solutions and practices that improve water use efficiency and the use of alternative (non-conventional) water resources are highlighted and discussed to address growing environmental and health issues and to reduce the emerging conflicts among water users.
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Wutich, Amber, and Alexandra Brewis. "Food, Water, and Scarcity." Current Anthropology 55, no. 4 (August 2014): 444–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/677311.

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Farrell, Kenneth. "Water scarcity: The changing California water scene." California Agriculture 45, no. 3 (May 1991): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3733/ca.v045n03p2.

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Shevah, Yehuda. "Water scarcity, water reuse, and environmental safety." Pure and Applied Chemistry 86, no. 7 (July 22, 2014): 1205–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2014-0202.

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Abstract In the arid and semi-arid regions, being the most water-deprived regions of the world, water scarcity is the most pressing challenge. The dry climate and the effects of the global warming are leading to increased pressure on the meager water resources causing a rapid quality degradation of chronically depleted water resources, while the use and disposal of numerous biological and chemical pollutants endangers the water bodies to a degree that part of the resources are not safe to use for human consumption, posing a health risk to the population. The degradation of water resources is magnified by the fast-growing population and the increase in domestic and irrigation water demand, which is impossible to meet from available natural resources. Such adverse development is already apparent in the Near East region (Israel, Palestine, and Jordan) where the shared water resources are already in a deteriorated state unable to satisfy the basic needs. To satisfy current and future needs, a new water resources management strategy is suggested, aiming at the sustainable use of available water resources, supplemented by the development of water reuse and desalination of brackish groundwater and seawater, cautiously considering the associated health and environmental safety, as discussed herewith.
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Dominguez, Fernando. "Water scarcity: Can virtual water operators help?" Utilities Policy 18, no. 3 (September 2010): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2010.02.001.

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Vairavamoorthy, Kala, Sunil D. Gorantiwar, and S. Mohan. "Intermittent Water Supply under Water Scarcity Situations." Water International 32, no. 1 (March 2007): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02508060708691969.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Water scarcity"

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Sağlam, Yiğit. "Water scarcity and optimal pricing of water." Diss., University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/733.

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In the first chapter, I consider the institutional structures as well as the doctrines typically encountered in the surface water sector. To investigate the sources and methods of government support in the water sector, I categorize different sorts of government support according to the location of water along the water cycle. I conclude the section with examples of observed water markets. In the second chapter, I consider the problem of water usage, developing a model to analyze the optimal pricing of water within a second-best economy. As a water supplier, the local government may price discriminate across consumers and farmers. I introduce the second-best pricing scheme, derive conditions for the marginal-cost pricing and inverse-elasticity rules, and analyze when the government optimally deviates from these two pricing schemes. In the third chapter, I provide an analysis of the data I collected from Turkey. First, I examine the data on reservoir flows, including service share and fixed costs of the reservoirs. Then, I provide details about the relationship between the quantity and price of irrigation and of tap water. Finally, in the fourth chapter, I apply the theoretical framework to the data from Turkey. In Turkey, the current water-pricing policy is dictated by the sole objective of breaking-even in each period. This results in large withdrawals, which is not sustainable in the long-run, hence not optimal. I analyze the dynamic optimal water resource management problem of a benevolent government. I compare the implications of the current and the optimal pricing policies.
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Isorena, Trina. "Water, Water Everywhere…? Examining Approaches to Rural Water Scarcity in Mindanao." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/14696.

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This research addresses two themes: water scarcity and water resource management in the Philippines. Since 2004 the Philippines had been involved in the meeting the country’s Millennium Development Goal’s safe water target. Significant improvements have been achieved in access to drinking water in the rural areas, increasing coverage from 73 per cent to 91 per cent in 2012. Despite this achievement, there are still approximately 4.5 million rural residents in the country without access to safe water. I use the persistence of waterlessness in rural Philippines as a lens to examine the problems of the standardized approach to rural water provision in the Philippines. The core research question informing the research is: how do the conceptualisations of water scarcity by the households and the institutions that are tasked to manage it influence water access? I use ethnographic methodologies combined with mapping techniques to examine the experiences of rural villagers in three different case study sites that were identified as water scarce/waterless in the Province of Agusan del Sur in Mindanao in the Southern Philippines. These three villages characterize three landscapes (uplands, lowlands and wetlands) that face distinctive types of water scarcity issues. The empirical exploration of people’s experiences gives rise to questions how a basic service such as domestic water supply is provisioned by the state. In this regard, the communities’ practices of accessing and using water, government practices of providing water in the villages and the biophysical conditions of the area are points of interest. The case studies reveal that standardized approach to water scarcity, which assumes the communities’ water problems relate to lack of investment and infrastructure and mostly focusing on engineering solutions to provide groundwater, fails to address the concerns of the local people who perceived water scarcity in different ways than the government agencies. In some cases it does not work because it is not technically possible due to the site’s geology and hydrology, in others it does not address the problem of inadequacy of water for domestic needs of the community, or in some its salinity is unacceptable for the community. The study demonstrates the importance of examining the specific context of situations where water access is an issue. It also shows the value of ethnographic methodology in such research.
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Dabbagh, Deema. "The Kingdom of Jordan's Water Scarcity| Understanding Water Demand Management." Thesis, Tufts University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1589414.

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The Kingdom of Jordan is one of the world's most water poor countries suffering from physical water scarcity, a growing population, regional instability, poor water infrastructure, inefficient water sector management and high water misuse. Through conducting a content analysis of 73 USAID reports, focusing on water demand management, this paper aims to understand how water demand is managed in the Kingdom, in addition to understanding the role of international aid in transforming Jordan's water sector. A greater understanding of the crisis and actions taken to mitigate the impacts were revealed by examining specific water polices and laws, the role of government structures and water sectors, and implemented projects. It was found that Jordan has taken significant efforts to sustainably manage water resources and to address growing water demand. Reallocating water among various sectors, reducing non-revenue water, and decentralizing water provision are key priorities outlined in the Kingdom's water strategy.

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Dios, Falk Carina. "The End of Water Scarcity? : Environmental Determinism and Water Security." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-378708.

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Is there no development without water? Are arid and dry regions destined to face water scarcity? This essay argues that with globalisation and technological advancements in the water sector are making time and place less relevant for hydro securing societies. Instead, relevant for water insecure countries is the asymmetrical access to technologies and management. For instance, landscapes that are preconditioned to be dry are no longer determined to face water scarcity because of desalination industries such as in the case of Saudi Arabia. This paper will address the three following questions: a) What factors can explain water scarcity conditions in which they are not geographically preconditioned? b) In what ways have technological interventions created water security for societies living in geographically pre-conditioned physically water-scarce regions? c) Why is Saudi Arabia, a country who lack access to physical water sources such as rivers, lakes or groundwater not determined to become underdeveloped? The result from this qualitative research suggests that technological advancements does compress time and space and makes some societies living in dry and arid regions able to access fresh water from far distances. The example taken with the virtual water trading and the polar ice towing illustrates that with the capacity to invest in technologies may overcome environmental deterministic factors.
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Al, Omari Hanan. "Water Management in Jordan and its Impact on Water Scarcity." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40227.

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Jordan is among the poorest countries in the world with respect to water resources. Water scarcity in Jordan is an alarming problem that can jeopardize the economy and the stability of the country. It is a multidimensional problem caused by many factors such as the fluctuation of annual precipitation rates, the rapid change in population caused by the refugee influx from neighbouring countries, and the economic situation of the country. The water scarcity problem is aggravated by limitations in water management. This research investigated the shortcomings of water management that contribute to water scarcity. It involves a literature review, a survey questionnaire and interviews. These methods aim to assess the current challenges that prompt water scarcity, understand the water management shortcomings and their causes, identify the existing government solutions for water scarcity, and propose a sustainable solution for this problem. The research finds that water management in Jordan has several shortcomings such as the lack of monitoring and controlling water resources and preventing illegal drilling, the incapability of the government to reduce the non-revenue water as a result of aged water network and water theft, and illegal practices of the agricultural and industrial sectors. This research proposed a solution that aim to mitigate water scarcity in Jordan by enhancing several management practices. Moreover, the proposed solution calls for efficient managerial practices to be adopted by decision makers and the public. I argue that the proposed solutions are sustainable and cheaper than the existing government solutions that rely on searching for new water resources rather than improving water management.
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Wassung, Natalie. "Water scarcity and electricity generation in South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/18158.

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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2010.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South Africa has a mean annual precipitation far lower than the global average. This is a fundamental constraint to development, especially when the country has already run out of surplus water and dilution capacity. To add further pressure, Southern Africa’s water resources are expected to decrease as a result of climate change. Despite the potential devastation, the country’s response to climate change has been limited. South Africa’s energy sector is dominated by coal power stations and is the country’s primary emitter of carbon dioxide. Given the significantly higher water usage of coal-fired power plants compared to that of most renewable energy power plants, the transition to a clean energy infrastructure might be more successfully motivated by water scarcity than by the promise of reduced carbon emissions. This article analyses more critically the impact of coal-fired electricity generation on South Africa’s water resources, by estimating a water-use figure that extends backwards from the power plant to include water used during extraction of the coal. This figure can then be compared to the water usage of alternative electricity generation options. It is then possible to estimate how much water could be saved by substituting these alternatives in place of additional coal-fired plants.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Suid-Afrika se gemiddelde jaarlikse neerslag is baie laer as die wêreldwye gemiddelde. Dit plaas ’n wesenlike beperking op ontwikkeling, veral aangesien die land se surplus water- en verdunningskapasiteit reeds uitgeput is. Om die saak verder te vererger, word verwag dat Suidelike Afrika se waterbronne gaan kleiner word as gevolg van klimaatsverandering. Ten spyte van die potensiële ramp, was die land se reaksie op klimaatsverandering tot dusver baie beperk. Steenkoolkragstasies, wat Suid-Afrika se energiesektor oorheers, is die land se primêre bron van koolstofdioksieduitlating. Gegewe die beduidend hoër waterverbruik van steenkoolkragstasies teenoor dié van die meeste kragstasies wat met hernubare energie werk, kan die verandering na ’n skoonenergie-infrastruktuur meer suksesvol gemotiveer word deur waterskaarste as deur die belofte van verminderde koolstofuitlatings. Hierdie artikel analiseer die impak van steenkoolgedrewe elektrisiteitsopwekking op Suid-Afrika se waterbronne meer krities deur te beraam hoeveel water verbruik word van die kragstasie terug tot by die ontginning van die steenkool. Hierdie syfer kan dan vergelyk word met die waterverbruik van alternatiewe kragopwekkingsopsies. Dit is dan moontlik om te beraam hoeveel water gespaar kan word deur hierdie alternatiewe op te rig in plaas van bykomende steenkoolkragstasies.
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Provenzano, Andrew. "Adapting to Water Scarcity: Effects of Irrigation Management." UNF Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/582.

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In developing countries, farmers are dealing with climatic changes by adapting their agricultural practices. Little work has investigated the direct impact of structural variables (e.g., central vs. local management of irrigation water, location of village), psychological variables (e.g., risk perceptions, self-efficacy), and adaptation on crop yield. We tested a psychology-based model that focused on risk perceptions and efficacy beliefs by longitudinally surveying 278 Sri Lankan rice farmers. We assessed risk perceptions and efficacy beliefs before the major paddy-growing season and measured whether farmers performed adaptations as well as their paddy yield/acre after the season. The model significantly predicted more than 25% of the variance in crop yield, with increased yields associated with centrally managed irrigation resources and with farmers low in perceived climate risk at the start of the growing season. Findings support the notion that while psychological factors are important, structural variables are the most important predictors of farm productivity in times of uncertain water supply.
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O'Boyle, Peter Cornelius. "Rethinking securitization : water scarcity and energy security in China." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/57780.

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This thesis explores the seriousness of the impact of water resource scarcity on China’s energy security. It starts from the premise that water resources are necessary for coal-fired energy production, which is itself crucial for maintaining China’s required power generation, and shows how increasing coal-energy demands and diminishing water resources have combined to threaten China’s energy security. To assess the seriousness of the threat it employs the securitization analysis frameworks proposed by the Copenhagen School and Mely Caballero-Anthony and Ralf Emmers, arguing that water resources were securitized in relation to energy in China’s ‘Three Red Lines’ Number One Document in 2011. Subsequently it analyses whether and to what degree securitization resulted in policy action and policy success with respect to two important topic areas: (i) geographical distribution of water resources vis-a-vis coal-fired energy production; and, (ii) efficiency of water resource use. It argues that consideration of such factors makes for a better understanding of the empirical situation and finds that securitization resulted in significant and degrees of policy action in both topic areas, and moderate and insignificant degrees of policy success in geographical distribution of water resources vis-a-vis coal-fired energy production and efficiency of water resource use respectively. In light of this, it argues that China is very concerned about the impact of water resource scarcity on its energy security. Moreover, in order to explain the discrepancies between securitization and degrees of policy success, it introduces new additions to the aforementioned securitization frameworks - potential constraints, structural feasibility issues, timeframes, and uncertainty - which the paper argues helps explain such discrepancies as well as improve understanding of the empirical landscape. As a result of this, it argues that these additions to the theoretical frameworks should be used in future studies of securitization.
Arts, Faculty of
Political Science, Department of
Graduate
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Patty, Grant. "Institutional Adaptation to Water Scarcity in Utah Irrigation Companies." DigitalCommons@USU, 2018. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7330.

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A review of how water institutions in the American West have changed in response to arid conditions as a means of examining the possibility of further change as an adaptation to climate change induced water scarcity. Two institutions are examined, prior appropriation and shares. While much of the American West operates under prior appropriation formally, irrigators have found Coasian methods of lowering transaction costs by forming irrigation companies. Irrigation companies own appropriative rights and redefine them, typically as shares. Lower transaction costs allow irrigators to trade more freely within companies, though trades between companies still face high transaction costs. Using a dataset of Utah’s 1100+ irrigation companies collected from the Utah Division of Water Rights, I measure the extent to which these companies have internalized transaction costs. Because most, if not all, irrigation companies transform appropriative rights into some form of shares, regions facing more water scarcity should be more likely to manage water by using shares rather than appropriative rights. I test the hypothesis that an increase in water scarcity makes trade more valuable and thereby increases the relative opportunity costs of managing a river through appropriative rights versus shares.
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Anderson, Kelsey Anne. "Concerns of Water Scarcity and Water Quality among two Andean Communities in Peru." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6061.

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This thesis sought to explore the perceptions and experiences of Andean women regarding water quality, water scarcity, and health among two communities in Carhuaz province of Ancash, Peru. Household surveys (n=25), semi-structured interviews (n=10), unstructured interviews (n=2), and participant observation were conducted with local women to investigate their concerns and perceptions of water and health. An additional two unstructured interviews were conducted with a local water authority and doctor in order gain another perspective on the issues of water security and health. The pressure of a changing climate and of a problematic water governance system in Andean Peru create an opening in which to explore local women’s experiences with water and health. Additionally, the socio-history of the region, issues of gender and ethnicity, and the various water users at stake must be considered as they help form the women’s perceptions and experiences. The findings suggest there is concern among women in both communities on water scarcity and water quality. Furthermore, the relationship between diarrhea and community was found to be significant. The results of this study help situate the local experiences within the broader economic and social processes of the region.
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Books on the topic "Water scarcity"

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Living with water scarcity. Amsterdam: Aguanomics Press, 2014.

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Santos Pereira, Luis, Ian Cordery, and Iacovos Iacovides. Coping with Water Scarcity. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9579-5.

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G, Savenije H. H., ed. Water scarcity, water conservation and water resources valuation. Kidllington, Oxford, UK: Pergamon, 2000.

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Loggia, Goffredo La, Giuseppe T. Aronica, and Giuseppe Ciraolo. Water resources assessment under water scarcity scenarios. Milano: Centro Studi Idraulica Urbana, 2007.

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Sabater, Sergi, and Damià Barceló, eds. Water Scarcity in the Mediterranean. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-03971-3.

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Last oasis: Facing water scarcity. New York: W.W. Norton, 1997.

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Last oasis: Facing water scarcity. New York: W.W. Norton, 1992.

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Kendra, Okonski, and Sustainable Development Network, eds. The water revolution: Practical solutions to water scarcity. London: International Policy, 2006.

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Water trading and global water scarcity: International experiences. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2013.

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A, Vaidyanathan, and Oudshoom H. M, eds. Managing water scarcity: Experiences and prospects. New Delhi: Manohar Publishers & Distributors, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Water scarcity"

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Mishra, Anuja, and David W. Tushaus. "Water Scarcity." In Legal Analytics, 105–16. Boca Raton: Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003215998-9.

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Santos Pereira, Luis, Ian Cordery, and Iacovos Iacovides. "Water Scarcity Concepts." In Coping with Water Scarcity, 7–24. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9579-5_2.

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Belhassan, Kaltoum. "Water Scarcity Management." In Advanced Sciences and Technologies for Security Applications, 443–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76008-3_19.

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Molden, David. "Open Access: Scarcity of water or scarcity of management?" In Global Water Resources, 36–46. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003179498-7.

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Abhay, Rajesh Kumar. "Measurement of Water Scarcity." In Spatial Diversity and Dynamics in Resources and Urban Development, 277–96. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9771-9_14.

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Singer, Alan J. "Water Scarcity, Water's Vengeance." In Teaching Climate History, 90–98. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003200864-16.

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Borghesi, Simone, and Gianluca Iannucci. "Water scarcity and migration." In Water Resources and Economic Processes, 213–23. 1 Edition. | New York: Routledge, 2020. | Series: Routledge studies in ecological economics: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429025013-14.

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Santos Pereira, Luis, Ian Cordery, and Iacovos Iacovides. "Introduction." In Coping with Water Scarcity, 1–6. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9579-5_1.

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Santos Pereira, Luis, Ian Cordery, and Iacovos Iacovides. "Water Conservation and Saving Measures and Practices." In Coping with Water Scarcity, 243–328. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9579-5_10.

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Santos Pereira, Luis, Ian Cordery, and Iacovos Iacovides. "Social, Economic, Cultural, Legal and Institutional Constraints and Issues." In Coping with Water Scarcity, 329–42. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9579-5_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "Water scarcity"

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Che, QuanHui. "Mitigate Water Scarcity with Intervention." In 2nd International Conference on Advances in Mechanical Engineering and Industrial Informatics (AMEII 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ameii-16.2016.110.

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Yu, Xiaomeng. "Water Scarcity: Fact or Fiction." In International Conference on Education, Management and Computing Technology (ICEMCT-16). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icemct-16.2016.191.

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Sheldon, Seth, and Ory Zik. "Water Scarcity: An Energy Problem." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-88241.

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Using the connection between water and energy as a case study, we present a model that uses the effects of geospatial and temporal context on embedded energy to approximate resource sustainability for water. First, the basic steps of calculating the energy intensity for a given location are discussed. Intensity is presented in units of energy per volume of water. In the case of supplying fresh water, energy intensity depends upon the quality of the original resource, its location relative to the end use location, and the type of technology in use to move and treat the water. Pumping, and conveyance, purification, distribution, wastewater treatment, and system inefficiencies (e.g. evaporative losses, leaks) increase the total energy investment, while water recycling decreases the total investment. Lift and purification are typically the greatest contributors to the overall energy intensity of a fresh water supply, but system inefficiencies can have a substantial impact as well. Over time, growing cities tend to progress from using their least energy intensive water resources (e.g. untreated surface water) to their most energy intensive (e.g. long distance transfers, desalinated water lifted to high elevations) as water demands begin to outstrip supplies. As a function of water availability, we assign each location an intensity value that approaches the intensity of its next “best” (i.e., least energy intensive) source of water. Hence, an area which is depleting its available surface and groundwater may have desalinated surface or groundwater as its next (and last) resort. The area would be characterized as undergoing water stress, and relatively less sustainable than areas which use their local fresh water supplies with no perceivable negative impact. An operating principle of this research is that with enough energy, it is possible to supply any location with fresh water. Desalinated ocean water, moved over long distances and lifted to great heights represents that upper limit. Working backwards from this extreme scenario, it is possible to not only move away from the paradigm of unitless or vague sustainability indices, but to quantify resource scarcity in a way that is both intuitive and actionable. The model is also self-correcting: areas may reduce the energy intensity of a sustainable water supply through better management of existing fresh water resources or through technological innovations that produce fresh water from degraded sources in an energy efficient manner. A major conclusion of this research is that the amount of energy necessary to maintain a reliable supply of fresh water greatly varies by location and technology choice. Further, many areas of the country overuse their local fresh water sources. To create a durable water supply, such areas can 1) reduce their use of local fresh water to sustainable levels and invest in alternative water sources—at a high financial and energy cost, or 2) aggressively pursue water efficiency measures so that they can both reduce their reliance on local fresh water sources and avoid the high costs associated with alternative water supplies. Additionally, by converting water use to energy consumption as a function of scarcity, it is possible to weigh the relative importance of water use efficiency to conservation in other areas (e.g. electricity, direct heating, waste disposal).
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Khilchevskyi, V. K., Ya B. Oliinyk, and V. I. Zatserkovnyi. "Global problems of water resources scarcity." In XIV International Scientific Conference “Monitoring of Geological Processes and Ecological Condition of the Environment”. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202056001.

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Fleming, Kala, Komminist Weldemariam, Haggai Wangusi, and Osamuyimen Stewart. "Monitoring water scarcity risk in Africa." In SAC 2014: Symposium on Applied Computing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2554850.2555163.

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Shen, Jinyi. "A Close Look at Water Scarcity." In 2017 7th International Conference on Education, Management, Computer and Society (EMCS 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/emcs-17.2017.166.

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"AgMIP Water: Integrating Water Scarcity into Future Agricultural Assessments." In ASABE 1st Climate Change Symposium: Adaptation and Mitigation. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/cc.20152123922.

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"The Water Scarcity: Imbalanced Supply-and-demand." In 2017 International Conference on Materials, Energy, Civil Engineering and Computer. Francis Academic Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.25236/matecc.2017.15.

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Liu, Lang. "Influential Factors of Water Scarcity in Xinjiang." In 2016 International Conference on Economy, Management and Education Technology. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icemet-16.2016.428.

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Fu, Yuhe. "Research on Water Scarcity in North China." In 3rd International Symposium on Social Science (ISSS 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/isss-17.2017.111.

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Reports on the topic "Water scarcity"

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Tsur, Yacov, David Zilberman, Uri Shani, Amos Zemel, and David Sunding. Dynamic intraseasonal irrigation management under water scarcity, water quality, irrigation technology and environmental constraints. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7696507.bard.

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In this project we studied optimal use and adoption of sophisticated irrigation technologies. The stated objectives in the original proposal were to develop a conceptual framework for analyzing intra-season timing of water application rates with implications for crop and irrigation technology selection. We proposed to base the analysis on an intra-seasonal, dynamic, agro-economic model of plants' water demand, paying special attention to contamination of groundwater and soil in intensively cultivated areas that increasingly rely on water of lesser quality. The framework developed in the project integrates (i) a bio-physical model of water flow in the vadose zone and water uptake by plants and yield response with (ii) a dynamic management model to determine the optimal intra-season irrigation policy. It consists of a dynamic optimization model to determine irrigation rates at each point of time during the growing season and aggregation relating harvested yield with accumulated water input. The detailed dynamic approach provides a description of yield production processes at the plant’s level, and serves to determine intra-season irrigation decisions. Data derived from extensive field experiments were used to calibrate the model's parameters. We use the framework to establish the substitution between irrigation technology (capital) and water inputs; this is an important property of irrigation water productivity that has been overlooked in the literature. Another important feature investigated is the possibility to substitute fresh and saline water with a minimal productivity loss. The effects of soil properties and crop characteristics on optimal technology adoption have also been studied. We find that sandy soil, with low water holding capacity, is more conducive to adoption of sophisticated drip irrigation, as compared to heavier soils in which drainage losses are significantly smaller.
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Datshkovsky, Darcia, Maria Perez, Jesse Madden Libra, and Julien Sylvain Collaer,. Open configuration options Scarcity in the Land of Plenty. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003969.

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Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is the most water-rich region in the world, but millions of its inhabitants live with water risk. This contradiction, driven by mismatches in the location of supply vs demand, quality issues, and failing infrastructure, makes it crucial that policy makers use people-centric water risk metrics when assessing water risk in LAC. 35% of the population lives in water stressed basins, a number which balloons to 60% when accounting for the lack of institutional capacity for preserving water quality and providing water services.
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Zilberman, David, and Eithan Hochman. Price Evaluation and Allocation of Water under Alternative Water Rights Systems. United States Department of Agriculture, July 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1992.7561062.bard.

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This project developed conceptual and empirical frameworks to analyze the water management politics as water scarcity increases. The analyses showed that increased scarcity will tend to encourage a transition from systems in which water is allocated administratively to water trading. However, transaction costs and political economy considerations placed barriers on the introduction of markets. The recent droughts - both in Israel and California were shown to cause an increase in water use efficiency by adoption of modern technologies and improvement of water conveyance systems. The drought led to institutional innovations and an increased reliance on trading as mechanisms for water allocation. Case studies from both countries demonstrate that reducing barriers to water trading and increasing farmers' flexibility in exchange of water will lead to efficient outcomes and much better uses of existing water resources.
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Boelens, Rutgerd Anne. Rivers of scarcity : Utopian Water Regimes and Flows Against the Current. Wageningen: Wageningen University & Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/432727.

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Alsace, Juan A. To Fetch a Pail of Water: Can the U.S. Help the World Avert a Water Scarcity Tumble. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada442072.

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Research Institute (IFPRI), International Food Policy. Conflict, Cooperation, and Collective Action: Land Use, Water Rights, and Water Scarcity in Manupali Watershed, Southern Philippines. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/capriwp104.

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Perez, Maria, and Jessen Libra. Scarcity in the Land of Plenty: Water Risk in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004140.

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Blumberg, Joey, Chris Goemans, and Dale Manning. Producer Beliefs and Conservation: The Impact of Perceived Water Scarcity on Irrigation Technology Adoption. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w30080.

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Ghazouani, W., F. Molle, A. Swelam, E. Rap, and A. Abdo. Understanding farmers’ adaptation to water scarcity: a case study from the western Nile Delta, Egypt. International Water Management Institute (IWMI)., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5337/2015.200.

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Cooper, Rachel. Water, Climate Change, and Conflict. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.030.

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There is a growing global water crisis and that this is one of the of the most significant threats the world is facing. Climate change is one of the key drivers of the water crisis as it changes the global water cycle, increases variability in availability and water stress and scarcity, as well as degrading water quality. Water can also be a risk for conflict and instability. It can also be a trigger for conflict at the local level. However, a range of factors and intervening variables are likely to influence whether conflict arises. At the international level, whilst political tensions in some basins are, water historically has more often led to cooperation than conflict between countries. This paper considers interactions between water, climate change and conflict as a spectrum that includes protests, through political tensions to violent conflict, at different scalar levels of analysis. However, the local, intrastate and international levels are linked. This rapid literature review provides a snapshot of this literature and largely focuses on literature from 2017 onwards. Whilst in the literature, water and climate change are often linked to conflict and instability through climate change’s impacts on water security, the consensus in the literature reviewed for this report is that this does not mean there are direct causal linkages. Establishing whether or not incidences of water-related conflict, or conflict over water is increasing, is challenging and contested.
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