Academic literature on the topic 'Water Sensitive Architectural Design'
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Journal articles on the topic "Water Sensitive Architectural Design"
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Sedrez, Maycon, Jing Xie, and Ali Cheshmehzangi. "Integrating Water Sensitive Design in the Architectural Design Studio in China: Challenges and Outcomes." Sustainability 13, no. 9 (April 26, 2021): 4853. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13094853.
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Urban areas around the world are increasingly facing environmental challenges such as water scarcity, water pollution, and water-related disasters, which demands sustainable design solutions for cities. Efforts to introduce sustainable methods in architectural education are noteworthy since the early 1990s. However, Water Sensitive Design (WSD) has not been fully integrated to architectural education. WSD is an interdisciplinary approach that considers the water cycle as the primary element of design strategies, integrating the site’s ecological and social aspects to structure water management. The main objective of this study is to identify cases introducing WSD in an architecture design studio revealing its pedagogical approaches, comparing and discussing with a WSD-focused design studio. This study adapts on an exploratory and descriptive research, analyzing the literature on the topic of WSD in architectural education and documenting a graduate-level architectural design studio that proposes the development of water-oriented masterplan. The results suggest that WSD, as interdisciplinary method, can be incorporated into the design studio as the topic due to its tangible tools and strategies towards water. It also fits the proposal of a design studio to integrate knowledge from diverse disciplines. This unique study presents a comprehensive WSD introduction in an architectural design case and indicative pedagogical methods, contributing to the development of an approach for future related works.
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Sioui, Gregory Brais. "AMBIANTAL ARCHITECTURE − Defining the role of water in the aesthetic experience of sensitive architectural ambiances." SHS Web of Conferences 64 (2019): 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20196403003.
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As part of an aesthetic approach, this design-driven research crosses two methodologies to determine what is common in the perception of atmospheres. First, a case study of the Vals’ thermal baths led to the selection of five different atmospheres, which were then analyzed through Gaston Bachelard’s lens, using his book L’Eau et les rêves. Bachelard’s literary symbols echo in the water contained in the massive stone walls of Vals to identify common generators of sensitive atmospheres. Secondly, the construction of this dialogue between Bachelard and Zumthor leads to the elaboration of a conceptual architecture project which is voluntarily emotional. This project introduces the elements that generate five ambiences identified in the case study. This design-driven research is therefore based on Grégoire Chelkoff’s theory of formants as vectors of transmission of atmosphere, pre-existing to the experienc of a place, of an ambiance, which itself is understood as a sensitive result of the perception of the space. The present work therefore questions the role of water as a sensitive vector, from the architecture to its visitor. The goal is to determine how water, in varying manifestations, can be used by architects to create a “mise en scène” for a voluntarily emotional architecture.
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Putri, Tika Novis, Nova Asriana, and Yoska Farhabi. "STRATEGI PERANCANGAN KAWASAN PERUMAHAN BERKELANJUTAN DENGAN PENDEKATAN WATER SENSITIVE URBAN DESIGN DI KAWASAN BANDUNG UTARA." Jurnal Arsitektur ARCADE 5, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31848/arcade.v5i1.631.
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Abstract: The rapid growth of settlement in the northern part of Bandung, as well as known KBU, increases slightly as an impact of the economy growth in the capital city of West Java. These influences strongly has some effects, such as the changing of land use and the decreasing of water absorption. For instance, the agricultural land area, the conservation area and the green area become settlement area and commercial area, therefore this area is a lack of absorption area due to the declining the green area. These evidences are following checked according to the WALHI’s data, around 70% of green area, such as protected forest, agricultural land, and plantation area leads to be settlement area, residential area and commercial area. Mostly Bandung Raya, included Cimahi, South Bandung, and Kabupaten Bandung get flood as the effect of these issues, especially when rain season. Based on the issues explanation and evidences, this research aims to have problem solving in the development of environmental friendly settlement and residential area that will lead to sustainable residences and conservation area. This research purpose is to conduct experimental-based and explorative-based the development model of sustainable residences in the Kelurahan Citeureup, one of sub-district in the North Bandung, through Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) approach. This approach is not only study from architectural aspect, but also study from landscape and the utilities aspects. Meanwhile, this method of this study is to conduct morphology analysis to recognize the pattern and urban structure, also the water flow patterns in this area. The result then will be used to elaborate the strategic developing for environmental friendly settlement and residential area (sustainable residences, especially in water well-disposed so that to reduce the flood impact when rain season, the shortage rainfall when dry season, and to fulfill further the sustainability of water needs.Abstrak: Pertumbuhan pemukiman di Kawasan Bandung Utara (KBU) terus meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya pertumbuhan ekonomi Kota Bandung sebagai Ibu Kota Jawa Barat. Dampak dari pertumbuhan ini adalah terjadinya alih fungsi lahan, yang sebelumnya merupakan lahan pertanian dan perkebunan, menjadi kawasan pemukiman. Sebagai Kawasan yang diandalkan menjadi daerah resapan air, kondisi KBU saat ini cukup mengkhawatirkan. Berdasarkan data yang dihimpun oleh WALHI, sekitar 70% lahan hijau yang berupa hutan lindung, lahan pertanian dan perkebunan telah beralih fungsi menjadi kawasan permukiman dan komersial. Dampaknya, dapat dilihat saat musim penghujan, dimana banjir terjadi hampir di sebagian wilayah Bandung Raya, mencakup Wilayah Cimahi, Bandung Selatan, Kabupaten Bandung, dan sekitarnya. Berdasarkan isu tersebut, diperlukan solusi terkait model pengembangan kawasan perumahan ramah lingkungan (perumahan berkelanjutan) yang mampu berperan sebagai kawasan konservasi air, selain sebagai tempat bermukim.Melalui pendekatan Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD), penelitian ini mencoba mengeksplorasi model pengembangan perumahan berkelanjutan di Kelurahan Citeureup, salah satu kelurahan di Kawasan Bandung Utara, tidak hanya dari segi arsitektur bangunan, namun juga terkait lansekap dan utilitas kawasan. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan melakukan analisis morfologi kawasan untuk memahami pola dan struktur ruang kawasan dan pola pergerakan aliran air. Hasil dari analisis tersebut selanjutnya digunakan untuk merumuskan strategi pengembangan kawasan perumahan yang ramah lingkungan (perumahan berkelanjutan) khususnya dalam hal ini ramah air, sehingga dapat turut mengurangi dampak banjir ketika musim penghujan, kekeringan di musim kemarau, serta untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air berkelanjutan di masa depan.
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Milosevic, Predrag. "The concept and principles of sustainable architectural design for national parks in Serbia." Spatium, no. 11 (2004): 91–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat0411091m.
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The paper elaborates the concept of sustainable architectural design that has come to the forefront in the last 20 years, and in the light of the National Park. This concept recognizes that human civilization is an integral part of the natural world and that nature must be preserved and perpetuated if the human community itself is to survive. Sustainable design articulates this idea through developments that exemplify the principles of conservation and encourage the application of those principles in our daily lives. A corollary concept, and one that supports sustainable design, is that of bio-regionalism - the idea that all life is established and maintained on a functional community basis and that all of these distinctive communities (bio-regions) have mutually supporting life systems that are generally self-sustaining. The concept of sustainable design holds that future technologies must function primarily within bioregional patterns and scales. They must maintain biological diversity and environmental integrity contribute to the health of air, water, and soils, incorporate design and construction that reflect bio-regional conditions, and reduce the impacts of human use. Sustainable design, sustainable development, design with nature environmentally sensitive design, holistic resource management - regardless of what it's called, "sustainability," the capability of natural and cultural systems being continued over time, is the key. Sustainable design must use an alternative approach to traditional design and the new design approach must recognize the impacts of every design choice on the natural and cultural resources of the local, regional, and global environments. Sustainable park and recreation development will succeed to the degree that it anticipates and manages human experiences. Interpretation provides the best single tool for shaping experiences and sharing values. By providing an awareness of the environment, values are taught that are necessary for the protection of the environment. Sustainable design will seek to affect not only immediate behaviors but also the long-term beliefs and attitudes of the visitors.
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Dipanwita Chakravarty, Vatrika Singh, Trupti Kamat, and Sandeep Sabharwal. "Water Sensitive Development of New Towns –A Regional Development Approach." Creative Space 6, no. 1 (July 2, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/cs.2018.61001.
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Water is an important natural resource which is becoming scarcer day by day. Conservation of water and exploring alternative sources is therefore important in the given context. The present paper addresses the issue of water sensitive development on a regional scale and tries to suggest skeletal guidelines for an action plan to be implemented as a part of national policy. Also the paper aims to look at the entire profile of the rural base and adjoining urban areas along withthe socio-economic characteristics, habitat conditions, settlement pattern, materials and technology incorporated for construction, successful case studies of revival of a few traditional water harvesting systems, the neglect in recent times, water sensitive development of hamlets on a regional scale and the role of architecture and planning in water sensitive development. It also explores the principles and strategies of run -off quality and quantity management along with flood management and integrated design that highlights economic, environmental and social benefits of such development. The paper endeavors to emphasize the regional context in water sensitive development rather than a settlement specific context as it is a much holistic approach considering the local macro and micro climate, flora, fauna and the drainage pattern.
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Fryd, O., A. Backhaus, H. Birch, C. F. Fratini, S. T. Ingvertsen, J. Jeppesen, T. E. Panduro, M. Roldin, and M. B. Jensen. "Water sensitive urban design retrofits in Copenhagen – 40% to the sewer, 60% to the city." Water Science and Technology 67, no. 9 (May 1, 2013): 1945–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.073.
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Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) is emerging in Denmark. This interdisciplinary desk study investigated the options for WSUD retrofitting in a 15 km2 combined sewer catchment area in Copenhagen. The study was developed in collaboration with the City of Copenhagen and its water utility, and involved researchers representing hydrogeology, sewer hydraulics, environmental chemistry/economics/engineering, landscape architecture and urban planning. The resulting catchment strategy suggests the implementation of five sub-strategies. First, disconnection is focused within sites that are relatively easy to disconnect, due to stormwater quality, soil conditions, stakeholder issues, and the provision of unbuilt sites. Second, stormwater runoff is infiltrated in areas with relatively deep groundwater levels at a ratio that doesn't create a critical rise in the groundwater table to the surface. Third, neighbourhoods located near low-lying streams and public parks are disconnected from the sewer system and the sloping terrain is utilised to convey runoff. Fourth, the promotion of coherent blue and green wedges in the city is linked with WSUD retrofits and urban climate-proofing. Fifth, WSUD is implemented with delayed and regulated overflows to the sewer system. The results are partially adopted by the City of Copenhagen and currently under pilot testing.
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Mertins, Omar, Patrick D. Mathews, and Angelina Angelova. "Advances in the Design of pH-Sensitive Cubosome Liquid Crystalline Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery Applications." Nanomaterials 10, no. 5 (May 18, 2020): 963. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10050963.
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Nanostructure bicontinuous cubic phase self-assembled materials are receiving expanding applications as biocompatible delivery systems in various therapeutic fields. The functionalization of cubosome, spongosome, hexosome and liposome nanocarriers by pH-sensitive lipids and/or pH-sensitive polymer shells offers new opportunities for oral and topical drug delivery towards a new generation of cancer therapies. The electrochemical behavior of drug compounds may favor pH-triggered drug release as well. Here, we highlight recent investigations, which explore the phase behavior of mixed nonlamellar lipid/fatty acid or phospholipid systems for the design of pH-responsive and mucoadhesive drug delivery systems with sustained-release properties. X-ray diffraction and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) techniques are widely used in the development of innovative delivery assemblies through detailed structural analyses of multiple amphiphilic compositions from the lipid/co-lipid/water phase diagrams. pH-responsive nanoscale materials and nanoparticles are required for challenging therapeutic applications such as oral delivery of therapeutic proteins and peptides as well as of poorly water-soluble substances. Perspective nanomedicine developments with smart cubosome nanocarriers may exploit compositions elaborated to overcome the intestinal obstacles, dual-drug loaded pH-sensitive liquid crystalline architectures aiming at enhanced therapeutic efficacy, as well as composite (lipid/polyelectrolyte) types of mucoadhesive controlled release colloidal cubosomal formulations for the improvement of the drugs’ bioavailability.
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Jahnkassim, Puteri Shireen, and Norwina Mohd Nawawi. "ALLUSIONS TO MUGHAL URBAN FORMS IN THE MONUMENTALITY OF CHANDIGARH’S CAPITOL COMPLEX." Journal of Architecture and Urbanism 40, no. 3 (September 25, 2016): 177–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2016.1210050.
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The formative influence of the Mughal gardens on the urban spaces of the Capitol Complex, Chandigarh is discussed as part of Le Corbusier’s vision in realising new urban symbols to represent an independent India. Corbusier had not only “regionalised” Modernist elements of architectural design but had “modernised” past urban forms by artfully rejecting the traditional gridded patterns and urban traditions such as the Mughal gardens, and transforming them into a dynamic restructuring and interplay of urban forms and spaces. To disassociate the new capital from its Colonial past and to create a new sense of spatial drama symbolising the nation’s hopes for the future, Fatehpur Sikri’s renowned orthogonal and gridded urban plazas with its interconnected courtyards and cloisters, became part of Corbusier’s arsenal of precedents, and these were abstracted and reworked into a new orchestration of urban spaces; and integrated with Modernised concrete architectural forms. The garden archetype and recurring traditional Mughal devices such as the “chattri” and the trabeated terraces allusions were simplified and synthesised with overlapping “spaces-between-buildings” such as bodies of water, platforms and a series of roofscapes. The influence of the Mughal gardens is again seen in a subsequent project in later years by Corbusier i.e. the unbuilt proposal for the Venice Hospital, whose layout and planning carry similar overtones of overlapping courtyards but fused into a series of outdoor-indoor spaces due to the need to be cognizant of, and sensitive to, the historical fabric and tissue of an existing city.
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Doulamis, Nikolaos, Athanasios Voulodimos, Anastasios Doulamis, Matthaios Bimpas, Aikaterini Angeli, Nikolaos Bakalos, Alessandro Giusti, et al. "WaterSpy: A High Sensitivity, Portable Photonic Device for Pervasive Water Quality Analysis." Sensors 19, no. 1 (December 21, 2018): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19010033.
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In this paper, we present WaterSpy, a project developing an innovative, compact, cost-effective photonic device for pervasive water quality sensing, operating in the mid-IR spectral range. The approach combines the use of advanced Quantum Cascade Lasers (QCLs) employing the Vernier effect, used as light source, with novel, fibre-coupled, fast and sensitive Higher Operation Temperature (HOT) photodetectors, used as sensors. These will be complemented by optimised laser driving and detector electronics, laser modulation and signal conditioning technologies. The paper presents the WaterSpy concept, the requirements elicited, the preliminary architecture design of the device, the use cases in which it will be validated, while highlighting the innovative technologies that contribute to the advancement of the current state of the art.
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Mackintosh, Mike, Gregory Epiphaniou, Haider Al-Khateeb, Keith Burnham, Prashant Pillai, and Mohammad Hammoudeh. "Preliminaries of Orthogonal Layered Defence Using Functional and Assurance Controls in Industrial Control Systems." Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks 8, no. 1 (February 14, 2019): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jsan8010014.
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Industrial Control Systems (ICSs) are responsible for the automation of different processes and the overall control of systems that include highly sensitive potential targets such as nuclear facilities, energy-distribution, water-supply, and mass-transit systems. Given the increased complexity and rapid evolvement of their threat landscape, and the fact that these systems form part of the Critical National infrastructure (CNI), makes them an emerging domain of conflict, terrorist attacks, and a playground for cyberexploitation. Existing layered-defence approaches are increasingly criticised for their inability to adequately protect against resourceful and persistent adversaries. It is therefore essential that emerging techniques, such as orthogonality, be combined with existing security strategies to leverage defence advantages against adaptive and often asymmetrical attack vectors. The concept of orthogonality is relatively new and unexplored in an ICS environment and consists of having assurance control as well as functional control at each layer. Our work seeks to partially articulate a framework where multiple functional and assurance controls are introduced at each layer of ICS architectural design to further enhance security while maintaining critical real-time transfer of command and control traffic.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Water Sensitive Architectural Design"
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Bhikha, Preetya. "Exploring architectural knowledge in water sensitive design." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27415.
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Across the academic sphere, much research has been conducted into the development of water-sensitive elements to address issues around urban water management. However, these elements are commonly investigated in isolation, with little consideration for initiatives from other disciplines that may support their success. This research aims to demonstrate the value that an architect may bring in incorporating ideas drawn from various disciplines to create a water- sensitive design solution with multiple ecosystem benefits, taking into account the human experience of space and place-making. In doing so, the design demonstrates that a water-sensitive building is aesthetically pleasing, viable and achievable. The feasibility of water-sensitive designs has been noted as a focus area by the South African Water Research Commission; one which is particularly pertinent in our present water-scarce environment in South Africa. This applied study is based on a previous Master of Architecture (Professional) dissertation building design, which is used as the unit of analysis. The building focuses on restoring the quality of water in the Liesbeek River in Cape Town using passive filtration methods. The objective of this study is to gain new insights into the design process and planning of water-sensitive architectural buildings, which assists in understanding when collaborating across disciplines. The research is guided by Deep Ecology, phenomenology and Ecological Urbanism. Research by Design is used as the method of the study, in which different design iterations based on the raw data of the original building are investigated and analysed, as well as evaluated by specialists from various disciplines in order to create a best-fit design solution. The revised building takes into account the practical, site-specific and architectural qualities of a water-sensitive design to create a people-centred building that incorporates ecological and engineering demands in greater detail. Key outcomes of the study include a typical design process for a WSAD and architectural guidelines for water-sensitive buildings, grounded in the diverse values of water and its relationship to people and nature. The dissertation aims to contribute to the academic discourse around water-sensitive design. Further, the guidelines developed may be used to inform the design of conventional buildings.
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Gluckman, Lloyd. "Water sensitive urban design as a transformative approach to urban water management in Cape Town: A case study of the proposed River Club development." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27528.
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The author examines effective urban water management as a means to promote sustainable development and achieve water sensitive cities. A qualitative method is utilised in the collection of data through document studies, desktop analysis and a literature review. A review of the current national and local water policies and approaches within South Africa, and more specifically Cape Town, indicated the need for a coordinated, systems based and holistic approach to urban water management. Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) is considered as an alternative approach to urban water management in Cape Town to build resilience among local communities against the threat of drought and flood events, and promote sustainable development in moving toward a water sensitive city. A model for implementing WSUD in the context of limited resources and capacity within local municipal departments is considered. Incorporating the principles of WSUD within spatial planning initiatives to implement this approach and catalyse a systemic transition in urban water management is considered and assessed in a case study of the proposed development of the River Club. The case study considers a bottom-up approach to transforming urban water management and the capacity of WSUD, when implemented through spatial planning, to simultaneously address multiple objectives including those of sustainable development and those contained within national and local policies. The benefits of a WSUD approach for all are considered. Many if these benefits are as a result of reduced pressures on municipal infrastructure and increased water resources accrued as a product of the proposed implementation model. The implementation model proposed creates conditions in which municipal resources and investment can be redirected to promote equitable water resource and service provision distribution throughout the city. The model is proposed to effect a transformation in water policy, institutional structures and water resource management to reflect the principles of WSUD in a manner which is cognisant of the various limitations inherent to the City.
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Petersen, Gadija Assaa-Imah. "The utilisation of spatial planning in improving urban water culture: a case study of Oranjezicht, Cape Town." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/28133.
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Nothing can exist, live, survive or thrive without water. Water is the basis of life for all living organisms and the centre of life for all societies. The global attitude around water has become territorial as it encompasses an intricate link to the development of nations. Centralising main water supplies beyond urban boundaries may have improved the utilisation of water but has also resulted in the separation of society and water. Water is what gave rise to the city of Cape Town, as there was an abundance of rivers and springs located on and around Table Mountain. This water was first used by the Khoi people and became the reason for colonial settlers residing in the Cape. The City is currently experiencing the worst water crisis in over a century due to increased temperatures and decreased rainfall. Amid the water crisis there appears to be underused, freshwater below Cape Town's CBD, flowing to the Atlantic Ocean via the stormwater reticulation system. This water originates from Table Mountain's rivers, streams and, to an extent, springs. Naturally, the drought has sparked widespread concern for, and attention given to, water and its sustainable usage. This dissertation explores the ways in which the City's water, environmental and spatial planning policies could spark a new and improved water-culture within Cape Town to ensure sustainable, long-term water availability. This is done through investigating the potential of Oranjezicht in becoming a catalytic area for water sustainability due to the locations of the Field of Springs and the Platteklip Stream. This dissertation proposes using water sensitive urban design as well as integrated, collaborative partnerships and management mechanisms to encourage an improved urban water culture.
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Franz, Jamie. "Volatile Waters: An Architecture of the Hurricane Coast." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1242398484.
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Thesis (Master of Architecture)--University of Cincinnati, 2009.Advisor: Jerry Larson. Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed July 27, 2009). Includes abstract. Keywords: hurricane design; coastal design; coastal architecture; environmentally sensitive design. Includes bibliographical references.
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Fumero, Andrea. "Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) as a climate adaptation strategy." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-278524.
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“Global floods and extreme rainfall events have surged by more than 50% in the past decade and recent studies show that they are occurring four times higher than in 1980” (Neslen, 2018). At the same time, the urban population is rising. Today, 55% of the world’s population lives in urban areas and it is estimated to increase to 70% by 2050 (United Nations, 2018). This expansion of urbanized areas is correlated with the increase of impermeable surfaces that, in case of extreme weather events, are not able to drain the water efficiently. The rainfall-runoff is channelled from roads, parking lots, buildings, and other impervious surfaces to storm drains and sewers that cannot handle the volume. The high ratio of impermeable surfaces and the increased extreme rainfall events cause severe environmental, social, economical problems in urban areas. Merely technical and engineering solutions are no sufficient, therefore a new approach that can maintain and adapt the natural water cycle inside the urban areas is needed. Ecosystem services and resilience thinking have become key principles in adaptation strategies at different levels, from international policies (e.g. Sustainable Development Goals) to local actions (e.g. Copenhagen adaptation plan 2015) and design (e.g. climate resilient San Kjeld in Copenhagen). In this scenario, the design approach of Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) aims to promote resilience at the local level by managing stormwater, encouraging the defence of the aesthetic value of green and blue areas. WSUD is a multidisciplinary approach that involves water management, urban planning, architecture, and landscape design. The main idea of WSUD is that sustainable stormwater systems should be beautiful, meaningful, and educational (Echols, 2007). This master thesis explores the concept of Water Sensitive Urban Design and its application in the cities of Copenhagen, Malmö and Rotterdam. The case study of PHVision in Heidelberg, Germany, is analysed from the concept of WSUD. Design improvements are suggested stemming from the analysed European examples and the theoretical background.
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Lottering, Naomey Olive. "The extent of water sensitive urban design in the George municipality." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17848.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigated the extent of Water Sensitive Urban Design activities in the George municipality in the Western Cape Province, in South Africa. Water resource management in urban areas worldwide had become unsustainable with the widespread implementation of outsized infrastructure, environmental degradation and overuse of natural resources. The result was a concept called Integrated Urban Water Management (IUWM). IUWM encapsulates the entire water cycle from rainwater to surface water, groundwater and wastewater, as part of urban water management, and not as separate entities. There was worldwide response to IUWM, with the USA formulating Low-Impact Development (LID), the UK designing their Sustainable Urban Drainage System (SUDS), and New Zealand articulating Low Impact Urban Design and Development (LIUDD), all to improve urban water resource management. Australia responded with Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD). WSUD explores the design and planning of water infrastructural development in an urban setting, vital in Australian cities which experience continuous severe water shortage conditions. The WSUD approach aims to influence design and planning from the moment rainwater is captured in dams, treated, and reticulated to consumers, to the point of wastewater re-use, as well as stormwater use. Various techniques are specified as part of the WSUD approach namely: the installation of greenroofs, demand reduction techniques, stormwater management and the re-use of treated wastewater for irrigation and fire-fighting. These WSUD activities can be implemented from large-scale efforts with whole suburbs working together to manage stormwater by construction of wetlands, as well as small-scale change in design and planning, e.g., with household rainwater tank installation for irrigation and toilet flushing. With South Africa’s progressive legislation at a national, provincial and local municipal level, various WSUD activities can be implemented to aid and guide municipalities. The study aimed to investigate what type of WSUD activities the George municipality has implemented, and to what extent the activities had an impact on water consumption, since the drought in 2009. The reasons behind any lack of implementation were also explored. Proof of only eight WSUD activities implementation could be found. Water debtors’ data and bulk water data was sourced in order to determine the effect of the eight WSUD activities on water consumption. Bulk meter data could however not be used to correlate with the debtors’ data since readings from many bulk meters had not been recorded. Debtors’ data did prove however that the WSUD activities had a short-term impact on water consumption in the suburbs where it was implemented. The reasons given for non-implementation were not satisfactory. Recommendations are that the municipality should focus on better planning and implementation of diverse activities and that keeping records and data should be made a priority to determine any progress made.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek die omvang van die Water Sensitiewe Stedelike Ontwerp (WSUD) aktiwiteite in die George munisipaliteit in die Wes-Kaap, in Suid-Afrika. Waterhulpbronbestuur in stedelike gebiede in die wêreld het nie-volhoubaar geword met die grootskaalse implementering van buitenmaatse infrastruktuur, agteruitgang van die omgewing en die oorbenutting van natuurlike waterhulpbronne. Die gevolg was 'n konsep wat Geïntegreerde Stedelike Water Bestuur (IUWM) genoem is. IUWM omvat die hele watersiklus vanaf reënval, tot oppervlakwater, grondwater en afvalwater, as deel van die stedelike waterbestuur, en nie as aparte entiteite nie. Daar was 'n wêreldwye reaksie te IUWM, met die VSA se Lae-impak-Ontwikkeling (LID), die Verenigde Koninkryk se ontwerp van hul volhoubare stedelike dreineringstelsel (SUDS), en Nieu-Seeland se formulering van Lae-impak Stedelike Ontwerp en Ontwikkeling (LIUDD), om stedelike water hulpbronne beter te bestuur. Australië het reageer met Water Sensitiewe Stedelike Ontwerp (WSUD). WSUD verken die ontwerp en beplanning van waterbestuur infrastruktuur ontwikkeling, in 'n stedelike omgewing, waar dit noodsaaklik was in die Australiese stede wat deurlopende tekort aan water ervaar. Die WSUD benadering het ten doel om die ontwerp en beplanning te beïnvloed vanaf die oomblik reënwater in damme opgevang is, behandel, en aan verbruikers versprei word, tot by die punt van afvalwater hergebruik, sowel as stormwater gebruik. Verskeie tegnieke word verskaf as deel van die WSUD benadering, naamlik: die installering van “greenroofs”, wateraanvraagbestuur tegnieke, en stormwater gebruik en hergebruik van behandelde afvalwater vir besproeiing en brandbestryding. Hierdie WSUD aktiwiteite kan implementeer word vanaf grootskaalse pogings met die samewerking van hele voorstede met stormwater bestuur deur die konstruksie van die vleilande, sowel as kleinskaalse verandering in die ontwerp en beplanning by huishoudings, byvoorbeeld met reënwatertenk installasie vir besproeiing en toilet spoel. Met Suid-Afrika se progressiewe wetgewing op 'n nasionale, provinsiale en plaaslike munisipale vlak wat munisipaliteite steun en lei, kan die verskeie WSUD aktiwiteite ïmplementeer word. Die studie is gemik om ondersoek in te stel na watter tipe WSUD aktiwiteite deur die George-munisipaliteit implementeer word, en tot watter mate die aktiwiteite 'n impak gehad het op die water verbruik sedert die droogte in 2009. Die redes agter 'n gebrek aan implementering is ook ondersoek. Bewyse van implementering van net agt WSUD aktiwiteite kon gevind word. Data van die water debiteure en grootmaat water meters is verkry ten einde die effek van die agt WSUD aktiwiteite op die water verbruik te bepaal. Grootmaat water meter data kan egter nie gebruik word om te korreleer met die data van die debiteure aangesien die lesings van baie grootmaat water meters nie aangeteken is nie. Debiteure se data het egter bewys dat die WSUD aktiwiteite 'n korttermyn-impak op die waterverbruik in die voorstede waar dit geïmplementeer is gemaak het. Die redes gegee vir nieuitvoering is nie bevredigend nie. Aanbevelings is dat die munisipaliteit moet fokus op beter beplanning en implementering van diverse aktiwiteite en dat die hou van rekords en data prioriteit gemaak moet word om vas te stel of enige vordering gemaak is.
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Nambinga, Linekela Elias. "Review and gap analysis of Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) in Windhoek, Namibia." Master's thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30914.
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With an ever-increasing population and global warming, fresh water resources are nearing depletion resulting in a global water crisis. As a consequence, cases of drought have been reported worldwide especially in sub-Saharan Africa. In addition to climate change, urbanisation adds strain to infrastructure as well as water supply and the management of water resources. As a result, most developing countries are faced with a water management challenge. There is thus a need for a paradigm shift towards an Integrated Water Management (IWM) approach. Worldwide, countries have responded to the Integrated Urban Water Management (IUWM) concept through the implementation of various management strategies; with Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) emerging from Australia. Some closely allied management strategies in response to IUWM emerged in the USA as Low-Impact Development (LID), in the UK as Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS), and in New Zealand as Low-Impact Urban Design and Development (LIUDD). Namibia is situated along the south-west coast of Africa and is considered the driest country in sub-Saharan Africa. It is characterised by a semi-arid environment, with more than 80% covered by desert or semi-desert. The country is regularly afflicted by drought and has fluctuating and unreliable rainfall patterns, often accompanied by high evaporation rates. The City of Windhoek, as the capital city, the biggest municipality and also the largest densely populated town in Namibia, is faced with an ever-increasing shortage of water for its inhabitants. For close to 50 years, the water scarcity situation has led to direct waste water reclamation for potable re-use in Windhoek. Other measures implemented by the City of Windhoek (CoW) towards IUWM include Water Demand Management (WDM), Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) and Water Conservation (WC). In order for Windhoek to transform into a Water Sensitive City, the implementation of WSUD is imperative. Although the CoW has implemented measures towards IUWM, more options still need to be explored in order to contribute to IUWM processes and to ultimately become a Water Sensitive City. This research was aimed at conducting a comprehensive review of existing WSUD practices within the CoW and identifying gaps pertaining to WSUD implementation. The research confirmed, via a review of relevant literature, that the implementation of WSUD mainly flourishes when documented policies and regulations drive implementation. To review WSUD implementation in the CoW, this study followed a qualitative research approach by gathering data via online questionnaires using the SurveyMonkey platform. To validate the survey outcomes, structured interviews were conducted with selected survey participants to gain more insight into the outcomes. For the data collection, the study targeted a sample of managers and specialists from the three departments within the CoW that deal with urban infrastructure design and planning. A 72% response rate was achieved. The study revealed that there was a general understanding and knowledge of WSUD concepts among all the CoW stakeholders involved in water management, planning and design. This was mostly due to their academic knowledge and sometimes via exposure to existing WSUD practices within the city. Water Demand Management, Water Recycling, and Voluntary Green Roofs and Rainwater Harvesting were identified as existing WSUD options currently practised within the CoW. The study identified lack of capacity, lack of knowledge, lack of management support, a fragmented approach, the absence of policies and legislation, and no perceived financial benefits as barriers to WSUD implementation within the CoW. Based on the above findings, the study recommended that the City of Windhoek address existing barriers to WSUD implementation, increase awareness of WSUD within the city, secure government funding and apply for carbon credits to upscale the implementation of WSUD.
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Mallett, Gregory David. "An investigation into how value is created through water sensitive urban design." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27277.
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A key challenge facing developing countries is the rapid increases in urbanisation and the effect this has on their water systems. Water sensitive urban design (WSUD) is a process that considers the entire water system with the aim of achieving a water sensitive city (WSC). However, little is known about how value can be created through WSUD in terms of the sustainability of urban precincts in South Africa. The researcher therefore considered the well-established literature highlighting the relationship between WSUD and sustainable urban development. To understand the value derived from these concepts, two case studies were assessed, namely the Victoria & Alfred Waterfront (V&A Waterfront) and Century City. However, it should be highlighted that due to the uniqueness of these cases, no generalisations from the findings can be generated. The methodology implemented for the case studies was social constructivist in nature and to satisfy the research objectives, semi-structured interviews were conducted, documentary material was gathered, and photographic evidence was collected. Moreover, a diverse collection of data was assessed, which was extracted through various methods of data collection, thereby resulting in an in-depth understanding of the case studies. This research concludes there is a relationship between WSUD, sustainable urban development and value. It further argues that the underlying principles of facilities management (FM) and more specifically urban FM provide a managerial framework that can connect these concepts to achieve sustainability for urban precincts. Furthermore, the study uncovered the need for value capture mechanisms as a form of infrastructure financing and value creation for urban precincts. However, it was established that neither case study make use of such mechanisms, so future research is required in this regard.
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Sanborn, Emma. "Integrating Climate Sensitive Design Principles in Municipal Processes : A Case Study of Edmonton’s Winter Patios." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Arkitektur och vatten, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-66182.
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This paper explores winter patios in Edmonton through the lens of place and climate sensitive design, then reflects upon the existing regulations that influence the design and management of winter patios in Edmonton. The City of Edmonton provides this research opportunity because it is currently pursuing the creation of a four-season patio culture in the city, and has created a strong WinterCity agenda. The introduction explores Edmonton’s local climate and its winter city strategy. This is followed by an explanation of the study’s methodology. The purpose of this thesis is to study how climate sensitive design principles can be applied to create places that attract winter activity. The research questions ask how climate sensitive design principles are currently incorporated in patios, what barriers exist to creating these spaces, and how to overcome these barriers in municipal processes. Many cities in cold climates seek ways to create vibrant, active cities through all seasons, and this study explores how climate sensitive planning principles can help create environments that invite winter activity. To answer the research question, a qualitative methodology was used to examine the case study of Edmonton winter patios using Eliasson’s (2007) concept of place and microclimate. The study identifies design weaknesses in Edmonton patios with little provision of shelter from wind, snow and rain, as well as limited consideration of snow storage and removal. Interviews and document review identify lack of interest and a lack of attention to the physical component of place as barriers to the creation of winter patios. Finally, the use of analytical tools such as urban climatic maps are suggested, as well as the introduction of microclimate standards so information about weather and microclimate can influence how physical components of place are planned and evaluated.
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Mauck, Benjamin Alan. "The capacity of the Cape Flats aquifer and its role in water sensitive urban design in Cape Town." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27293.
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There is growing concern that South Africa's urban centres are becoming increasingly vulnerable to water scarcity due to stressed surface water resources, rapid urbanisation, climate change and increasing demand for water. Furthermore, South Africa is a water-stressed country with much of its surface water resources already allocated to meet current demands. Therefore, in order to meet the future urban water supply requirements, countries like South Africa will need to consider alternative forms of water management that focus on moving towards sustainability in urban water management. WSUD is one such approach that aims to prioritise the value of all urban water resources through reuse and conservation strategies, and the diversification of supply sources. This study investigates the capacity of the Cape Flats Aquifer (CFA), assessing the feasibility of implementing Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) as a strategy for flood prevention and supplementing urban water supply. The implementation of MAR on the CFA aims to facilitate the transition towards sustainable urban water management through the application Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) principles. The fully-integrated MIKE SHE model was used to simulated the hydrological and hydrogeological processes of the CFA in Cape Town at a regional-scale. Using the results of the regional-scale model, four sites were selected for more detailed scenario modelling at a local-scale. Several MAR scenarios were simulated to evaluate the aquifer's response to artificial recharge and abstraction under MAR conditions. The first objective was to evaluate the feasibility of summer abstractions as a flood mitigation strategy at two sites on the Cape Flats prone to winter groundwater flooding, viz. Sweet Home and Graveyard Pond informal settlements. The second objective of the study was to assess the storage potential and feasibility of MAR at two sites in the south of the Cape Flats, at Philippi and Mitchells Plain. In addition, the migration of solute pollutants from the injected or infiltrated stormwater was simulated and climate change simulations were also undertaken to account for potential fluctuations in rainfall and temperature under climate change conditions. The results indicated that flood mitigation on the Cape Flats was possible and was likely to be most feasible at the Graveyard Pond site. The flood mitigation scenarios did indicate a potential risk to local groundwater dependent ecosystems, particularly at the Sweet Home site. Yet, it was shown that a reduction in local groundwater levels may have ecological benefits as many of the naturally occurring wetlands on the Cape Flats are seasonal, where distinct saturated and unsaturated conditions are required. Furthermore, MAR was shown to improve the yield of wellfields at Philippi and Mitchells Plain through the artificial recharge of stormwater while also reducing the risk of seawater intrusion. MAR was shown to provide a valuable means of increasing groundwater storage, improving the supply potential of the CFA for water supply while aiding the prevention or mitigation of the seasonal flooding that occurs on the Cape Flats. Furthermore, the case was made that MAR is an important strategy to assist the City of Cape Town in achieving its WSUD objectives. MAR and groundwater considerations, in general, are essential for the successful implementation of WSUD, without which, there is an increased risk of overlooking or degrading urban groundwater resources. The findings of this study resulted in a number of recommendation to urban water resources managers, planners and policy makers. First, MAR is an important means for Cape Town to move towards becoming a truly water sensitive city. This study indicated that the CFA should be incorporated as an additional source of water supply for Cape Town especially considering the recent drought conditions and due to its ability for the seasonal storage of water, this would improve the city's resilience to climate change. Furthermore, it was recommended that the application of MAR on the CFA could also be used to reduce groundwater related flooding on the Cape Flats. Second, it was emphasised that urban planning, using WSUD principles is essential for the protection of the resource potential of the CFA. Finally, for the implementation of WSUD and MAR to be successful, there needs to be appropriate policy development alongside the implementation of these strategies to ensure they are achieving their initial objectives and are not causing detriment to the aquifer.
Books on the topic "Water Sensitive Architectural Design"
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White, Edward T. Building meaning: Analysis and design for image-sensitive projects. Tallahassee, Fla: Architectural Media, 1996.
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Western Australian Water Resources Council., ed. Water sensitive residential design: An investigation into its purpose and potential in the Perth Metropolitan region. Leederville, WA: Western Australian Water Resources Council, 1990.
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Littlewood, Michael. Landscape detailing. 2nd ed. London: Architectural Press, 1986.
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US GOVERNMENT. Laws concerning the Access Board: Architectural Barriers Act of 1968, section 502 of the Rehabilition Act of 1973, section 504 of the American with Disabilities Act of 1990. Washington, DC (1331 F St., N.W., Washington 20004-1111): The Board, 1994.
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Handbook of Water Sensitive Planning and Design (Integrated Studies in Water Management and Land Development). CRC, 2002.
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Approaches to Water Sensitive Urban Design. Elsevier, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/c2016-0-03594-5.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Water Sensitive Architectural Design"
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Sanya, Tom, and Donna Shefer. "Water-Sensitive Design for Climate Resilience." In The Palgrave Handbook of Climate Resilient Societies, 1–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32811-5_63-1.
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Yuan, Chao. "Natural Ventilation Modeling and Analysis for Climate-Sensitive Architecture Design." In SpringerBriefs in Architectural Design and Technology, 101–14. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5451-8_6.
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Teegavarapu, Ramesh S. V. "Evolving adaptive hydrologic design and water resources management in a changing climate." In Climate Change-Sensitive Water Resources Management, 116–39. First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, [2021] | Series: IAHR monographs series: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429289873-9.
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Fey, U., C. Klein, T. J. Möller, J. Pöttner, R. Radespiel, V. Ondrus, and U. Beifuß. "Investigation of Circular Cylinder Flow in Water Using Temperature-Sensitive Paint." In Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design, 657–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35680-3_78.
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Hussey, Karen, and Esther Kay. "The Opportunities and Challenges of Implementing ‘Water Sensitive Urban Design’: Lessons from Stormwater Management in Victoria, Australia." In Understanding and Managing Urban Water in Transition, 593–614. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9801-3_27.
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Mah, Darrien Yau Seng, Afdal Haziq bin Mohamad Salehe, and Frederik Josep Putuhena. "Water Sensitive Urban Design in Existing Urban Settings: Case Study of Dry Detention Pond in Kuching City." In InCIEC 2013, 315–22. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4585-02-6_27.
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Rabêlo, Vitor Gantuss, Issa Ibrahim Berchin, Marleny De León, José Humberto Dias de Toledo, Liane Ramos da Silva, and José Baltazar Salgueirinho Osório de Andrade Guerra. "University Campuses as Town-Like Institutions: Promoting Sustainable Development in Cities Using the Water-Sensitive Urban Design Approach." In Sustainability on University Campuses: Learning, Skills Building and Best Practices, 497–511. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15864-4_29.
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Mao, Gang. "A Study of Bio-Computational Design in Terms of Enhancing Water Absorption by Method of Bionics Within the Architectural Fields." In Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES, 102–13. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_10.
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AbstractThis essay aims to explore an architecture computational design intended to accept and absorb moisture through geometrical and material conditions, and using design strategies, help deliver this moisture upwards through capillary action to areas of cryptogamic growth including mosses and smaller ferns on the surface of architecture. The purpose of this research project is to explore the morphology of general capillary systems based on research into the principle of xylematic structures in trees, thereby creating a range of capillary designs using three types of material: plaster, 3D print plastic, and concrete. In addition, computational studies are used to examine various types of computational designs of organic structures, such as columns, driven by physical and environmental conditions such as sunshine, shade, tides and other biological processes to explore three-dimensional particle-based branching systems that define both structural and water delivery paths.
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Wei, Yimeng, Areti Markopoulou, Yuanshuang Zhu, Eduardo Chamorro Martin, and Nikol Kirova. "Additive Manufacture of Cellulose Based Bio-Material on Architectural Scale." In Proceedings of the 2021 DigitalFUTURES, 286–304. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5983-6_27.
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AbstractThere are severe environmental and ecological issues once we evaluate the architecture industry with LCA (Life Cycle Assessment), such as emission of CO2 caused by necessary high temperature for producing cement and significant amounts of Construction Demolition Waste (CDW) in deteriorated and obsolete buildings. One of the ways to solve these problems is Bio-Material. CELLULOSE and CHITON is the 1st and 2nd abundant substance in nature (Duro-Royo, J.: Aguahoja_Programmable Water-based Biocomposites for Digital Design and Fabrication across Scales. MIT, pp. 1–3 (2019)), which means significantly potential for architectural dimension production. Meanwhile, renewability and biodegradability make it more conducive to the current problem of construction pollution. The purpose of this study is to explore Cellulose Based Biomaterial and bring it into architectural scale additive manufacture that engages with performance in the material development, with respect to time of solidification and control of shrinkage, as well as offering mechanical strength. At present, the experiments have proved the possibility of developing a cellulose-chitosan- based composite into 3D-Printing Construction Material (Sanandiya, N.D., Vijay, Y., Dimopoulou, M., Dritsas, S., Fernandez, J.G.: Large-scale additive manufacturing with bioinspired cellulosic materials. Sci. Rep. 8(1), 1–5 (2018)). Moreover, The research shows that the characteristics (Such as waterproof, bending, compression, tensile, transparency) of the composite can be enhanced by different additives (such as xanthan gum, paper fiber, flour), which means it can be customized into various architectural components based on Performance Directional Optimization. This solution has a positive effect on environmental impact reduction and is of great significance in putting the architectural construction industry into a more environment-friendly and smart state.
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Palm, Harry W., Ulrich Knaus, Samuel Appelbaum, Sebastian M. Strauch, and Benz Kotzen. "Coupled Aquaponics Systems." In Aquaponics Food Production Systems, 163–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15943-6_7.
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AbstractCoupled aquaponics is the archetype form of aquaponics. The technical complexity increases with the scale of production and required water treatment, e.g. filtration, UV light for microbial control, automatic controlled feeding, computerization and biosecurity. Upscaling is realized through multiunit systems that allow staggered fish production, parallel cultivation of different plants and application of several hydroponic subsystems. The main task of coupled aquaponics is the purification of aquaculture process water through integration of plants which add economic benefits when selecting suitable species like herbs, medicinal plants or ornamentals. Thus, coupled aquaponics with closed water recirculation systems has a particular role to fulfil.Under fully closed recirculation of nutrient enriched water, the symbiotic community of fish, plants and bacteria can result in higher yields compared with stand-alone fish production and/or plant cultivation. Fish and plant choices are highly diverse and only limited by water quality parameters, strongly influenced by fish feed, the plant cultivation area and component ratios that are often not ideal. Carps, tilapia and catfish are most commonly used, though more sensitive fish species and crayfish have been applied. Polyponics and additional fertilizers are methods to improve plant quality in the case of growth deficiencies, boosting plant production and increasing total yield.The main advantages of coupled aquaponics are in the most efficient use of resources such as feed for nutrient input, phosphorous, water and energy as well as in an increase of fish welfare. The multivariate system design approach allows coupled aquaponics to be installed in all geographic regions, from the high latitudes to arid and desert regions, with specific adaptation to the local environmental conditions. This chapter provides an overview of the historical development, general system design, upscaling, saline and brackish water systems, fish and plant choices as well as management issues of coupled aquaponics especially in Europe.
Conference papers on the topic "Water Sensitive Architectural Design"
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Xiaoge Tan and Yi Su. "Water sensitive design in Yujiapu, Tianjin." In 3rd International Conference on Contemporary Problems in Architecture and Construction. IET, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp.2011.1171.
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Siddiqua, Ayasha, and Farida Nilufar. "Searching Landscape Elements from Indigenous Land-Water Interface to Develop Integrated Landscape Framework for Water Sensitive Urban Design." In 3rd International Conference of Contemporary Affairs in Architecture and Urbanism. Alanya Hamdullah Emin Paşa Üniversitesi, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.38027/n142020iccaua316287.
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Burris, Stephen, Ryusuke Oosaki, L. Todd Shaw, David Norvell, and Brett Bleeker. "University of Central Florida Cogeneration Facility: Design and Economic Impact of a Medium Speed Reciprocating Engine Driven Chilled Water System." In ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2012-69660.
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The University of Central Florida Cogeneration Facility is a state of the art chilled water CHP system using a natural gas fueled high efficiency 60 Hz medium speed reciprocating engine as the prime mover. The facility features one lean burn 5.5 MW 18KU30GSI (MACH II-SI) spark ignition engine, generator, controls, auxiliaries, multi-effect absorption chiller, secondary cooling, and an advanced emissions control system that includes selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system and oxidation catalyst (OC). The cogeneration system is located on a constrained site in Orlando, Florida at the second largest university in the United States with a student enrollment of over 56,000. The site is adjacent to a sensitive environmental area to the east, a main thoroughfare to the south, student dormitories to the west, and a lecture hall to the north. The architecture of the new combined heat and power plant was carefully designed to blend with the surrounding campus architecture and sound attenuation methods were employed to minimize noise pollution from the power plant. The new chilled water system was interconnected to the existing campus chilled water facility, therefore requiring coordination with existing chilled water infrastructure as well as other existing electrical, water, sewer, and storm water utilities on the campus. This paper describes the plant load profile, design criteria, engine performance, chilled water production heat balance, and emissions requirements. The economic benefit to the University is discussed including both the impact of self generating power and augmentation of the existing chilled water system. In addition, the benefits of using modern 3-dimensional design tools are outlined for a brown-field location such as the subject site.
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Guo, F., and J. K. Gershenson. "Comparison of Modular Measurement Methods Based on Consistency Analysis and Sensitivity Analysis." In ASME 2003 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2003/dtm-48634.
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Most modularity measures center on quantifying dependencies with components external to modules. Some modularity measures include an accounting of component similarity. What is measured as dependencies and similarities varies by measure and by context. Additionally, there is some subjectivity in the measures. Noticeably, the measures lack rigorous verification and validation. There is also a lack of quantitative comparison among the various measures. This research highlights the consistencies among the measures of modular product design and attempts to select a single measure for use in future applications. A list of eight alternative modularity measures was developed from available literature. The goal was to compare these measures to find the most representative measure with high similarity to the mainstream of all measures but also with a high sensitivity to changes in modularity. Our hypothesis is that, since many measures look somewhat similar, we are looking for one measure that is in agreement with most measures and therefore performs reliably; it should also be significantly more sensitive. Similarity was defined via consistency analysis — similar measurements rank the different product modularities in the same sequence. Sensitivity was compared by slightly changing the product architecture of example products and then quantifying which measures are more sensitive to these changes. Analysis was based on 11 products: a Fisher-price Chatter Radio, a Proctor Silex automatic drip coffeemaker, a Johnson fishing reel with pre-spooled line, a Sunbeam home hair trimmer, a Farberware ice cream scoop, a Regent halogen clamp lamp, a Bell classic portable bicycle pump, a Pur faucet mount water filter, an ANCO premium wiper blade, a Kodak single-use camera, and an Adhesive Tech mini glue gun.
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Yazdanniyaz, Amir, Anders Carlson, Sean Bui, Catherine Wenger, and Aimee Lalime. "Design of Vibration-Sensitive Laboratory Floors: Vibration Criteria and Prediction Methods Compared with Measured Vibrations." In Architectural Engineering Conference (AEI) 2003. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40699(2003)4.
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Rodríguez, M. I., M. M. Cuevas, G. Martínez, and B. Moreno. "Planning criteria for Water Sensitive Urban Design." In SUSTAINABLE CITY 2014. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sc141342.
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Zhang, Danfeng, Yao Wang, G. Edward Suh, and Andrew C. Myers. "A Hardware Design Language for Timing-Sensitive Information-Flow Security." In ASPLOS '15: Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2694344.2694372.
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Lu, Wei, Xiaosheng Qin, and Changhyun Jun. "Urban Flood Damage Assessment for Water Sensitive Urban Design." In 2nd Annual International Conference on Urban Planning and Property Development (UPPD 2016). Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2425-0112_uppd16.32.
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Lu, Wei, Xiaosheng Qin, and Jun Changhyun. "Urban Flood Damage Assessment for Water Sensitive Urban Design." In Annual International Conference on Urban Planning and Property Development (UPPD 2016). Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/0000-0000_uppd.32.
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Feng, De-Zhen, and Jian-Hua Sun. "Study on strength of upper filter system of mechanical water treatment equipment." In 2016 International Conference on Mechanics and Architectural Design. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789813149021_0049.
Full textReports on the topic "Water Sensitive Architectural Design"
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Bowles, David, Michael Williams, Hope Dodd, Lloyd Morrison, Janice Hinsey, Tyler Cribbs, Gareth Rowell, Michael DeBacker, Jennifer Haack-Gaynor, and Jeffrey Williams. Protocol for monitoring aquatic invertebrates of small streams in the Heartland Inventory & Monitoring Network: Version 2.1. National Park Service, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2284622.
Full textAbstract:
The Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network (HTLN) is a component of the National Park Service’s (NPS) strategy to improve park management through greater reliance on scientific information. The purposes of this program are to design and implement long-term ecological monitoring and provide information for park managers to evaluate the integrity of park ecosystems and better understand ecosystem processes. Concerns over declining surface water quality have led to the development of various monitoring approaches to assess stream water quality. Freshwater streams in network parks are threatened by numerous stressors, most of which originate outside park boundaries. Stream condition and ecosystem health are dependent on processes occurring in the entire watershed as well as riparian and floodplain areas; therefore, they cannot be manipulated independently of this interrelationship. Land use activities—such as timber management, landfills, grazing, confined animal feeding operations, urbanization, stream channelization, removal of riparian vegetation and gravel, and mineral and metals mining—threaten stream quality. Accordingly, the framework for this aquatic monitoring is directed towards maintaining the ecological integrity of the streams in those parks. Invertebrates are an important tool for understanding and detecting changes in ecosystem integrity, and they can be used to reflect cumulative impacts that cannot otherwise be detected through traditional water quality monitoring. The broad diversity of invertebrate species occurring in aquatic systems similarly demonstrates a broad range of responses to different environmental stressors. Benthic invertebrates are sensitive to the wide variety of impacts that influence Ozark streams. Benthic invertebrate community structure can be quantified to reflect stream integrity in several ways, including the absence of pollution sensitive taxa, dominance by a particular taxon combined with low overall taxa richness, or appreciable shifts in community composition relative to reference condition. Furthermore, changes in the diversity and community structure of benthic invertebrates are relatively simple to communicate to resource managers and the public. To assess the natural and anthropo-genic processes influencing invertebrate communities, this protocol has been designed to incorporate the spatial relationship of benthic invertebrates with their local habitat including substrate size and embeddedness, and water quality parameters (temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, specific conductance, and turbidity). Rigid quality control and quality assurance are used to ensure maximum data integrity. Detailed standard operating procedures (SOPs) and supporting information are associated with this protocol.
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Birch, Izzy. Thinking and Working Politically on Transboundary Issues. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.010.
Full textAbstract:
There is growing consensus that political factors are a key determinant of development impact. The practice of Thinking and Working Politically (TWP) is built around three interconnected principles: (i) strong political analysis, insight, and understanding; (ii) detailed appreciation of, and response to, the local context; and (iii) flexibility and adaptability in program design and implementation. The literature notes that while TWP emphasises the centrality of politics and power, technical knowledge is still important and can reinforce the political agenda, for example by increasing the confidence of smaller states or by strengthening collective understanding. Furthermore, improving the quality of domestic cooperation can be a step towards regional cooperation, and flexible engagement with the diverse range of actors that populate transboundary settings has been shown to be an effective strategy. The literature also highlights lessons learned including Transboundary cooperation can be built from the bottom up and for development partners, pre-existing bilateral partnerships may facilitate their engagement at a transboundary level, particularly on sensitive issues. Given the relatively isolated experience of TWP in transboundary settings, the evidence base for this report is also limited. The two areas where most examples were found concern regional integration and transboundary water management.