Relevant bibliographies by topics / Water spinach

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Water spinach'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Water spinach"

1

Zhang, Jinxiu, Zhimin Sha, Yi Zhang, Zhigang Bei, and Linkui Cao. "The effects of different water and nitrogen levels on yield, water and nitrogen utilization efficiencies of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 95, no. 4 (July 2015): 671–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps-2014-184.

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Zhang, J., Sha, Z., Zhang, Y., Bei, Z. and Cao, L. 2015. The effects of different water and nitrogen levels on yield, water and nitrogen utilization efficiencies of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 671−679. Water and nitrogen (N) are important factors that affect crop yield. The objective of this study was to explore the interactive effect of water and nitrogen on biomass production, yield and growth responses, water and nitrogen use efficiency of winter-grown spinach. A field experiment was grown with treatments of varying water (W) and nitrogen (N) levels near Shanghai, China. Leaf area, shoot biomass and height of spinach increased with the application of N in the well-watered treatment. The highest chlorophyll content was found in spinach treated with N2 (170 kg ha−1 nitrogen). A response surface analysis was done on plant height, leaf number, leaf weight, and plant yield of each spinach plant at different water and nitrogen levels. The equation for each of the response surfaces was taken and solved for the mathematical optimum of the curves. Abundant water supply resulted in the highest spinach yield. Yield of spinach increased with N application rates but decreased when the N was excessive. Compared with the low water treatment (W3), a higher N leaching ratio was observed in the high water treatment (W1), regardless of N treatment. With the increase of N application, N use efficiency of spinach significantly decreased, while water use efficiency of spinach increased. In conclusion, water levels between 36.15 cm and 42 cm, and nitrogen applications between 86 and 152.74 kg ha−1 could be recommended as the optimal treatment for spinach growth.
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Ferreira, Jorge, Devinder Sandhu, Xuan Liu, and Jonathan Halvorson. "Spinach (Spinacea oleracea L.) Response to Salinity: Nutritional Value, Physiological Parameters, Antioxidant Capacity, and Gene Expression." Agriculture 8, no. 10 (October 17, 2018): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture8100163.

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Scarcity of good-quality irrigation water is a major impediment to meet food demand for a growing world population. Recycled waters may be available locally more affordably, but their higher salinity is a concern. Salinity effects on spinach mineral composition, antioxidant capacity, photosynthesis, and gene expression have not been established. Spinach cv. Raccoon was greenhouse-grown and irrigated with four levels of water salinity of electrical conductivities (ECiw) of 1.4 (control) or ranging from 3.6 to 9.4 dS m−1, combined with three levels of K (3, 5, and 7 meq L−1). Irrigation waters had 2, 20, 40, and 80 meq L−1 of NaCl. After 23 treatment days, plants significantly accumulated Na and Cl in shoots and roots with increasing salinity, regardless of the K concentration in the irrigation water. Plants exhibited no visual symptoms of salt toxicity and there were no differences in shoot growth. Plants maintained their overall concentrations of mineral nutrients, physiological parameters, and oxalic acid across salinity treatments. Leaves retained all their antioxidant capacity at 20 meq L−1 NaCl, and 74% to 66% at 40 and 80 meq L−1 NaCl, respectively. Expression analyses of ten genes, that play important role in salt tolerance, indicated that although some genes were upregulated in plants under salinity, compared to the control, there was no association between Na or K tissue concentrations and gene expression. Results clearly show that spinach maintains its growth, mineral composition, and antioxidant capacity up to ECiw = 9.4 dS m−1. As this salinity is equivalent to a soil salinity of 4.5 dS m−1, spinach can tolerate over two-fold its previously-considered salinity threshold. Thus, growers can cultivate spinach using recycled, saline, waters without detriment to shoot biomass accumulation, and nutritional value.
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Buhang, Nur A. O., Siti Nuryanti, and Daud K. Walanda. "Antioxidant Activity Test of Red Spinach’s Extract (Blitum rubrum) in Ethanol Solvent and Water Solvent with DPPH." Jurnal Akademika Kimia 8, no. 3 (September 24, 2020): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/j24775185.2019.v8.i3.pp153-159.

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The study of red spinach antioxidants (Blitum rubrum) in two types of solvents i.e ethanol and water has been performed. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of red spinach extract from Tinombo Selatan district, Central Sulawesi. Red spinach was macerated in ethanol and water to obtain variations of extract concentrations of 20, 40, 60, and 80 mg/L. Free radicals used were DPPH reagents while vitamin C was used as a positive control. The measurement of absorbance of red spinach’s extract was conducted by spectrophotometric. The results showed that IC50 extract of red spinach in ethanol and water were 51.404 mg/L and 52.227 mg/L, while the value of IC50 vitamin C in ethanol and water solvent was 43.241 mg/L and 140.507 mg/L. Based on the IC50 red spinach’s extract in ethanol and water have strong antioxidant activity.
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Gu, Ganyu, Hsin-Bai Yin, Andrea Ottesen, Samantha Bolten, Jitendra Patel, Steve Rideout, and Xiangwu Nou. "Microbiomes in Ground Water and Alternative Irrigation Water, and Spinach Microbiomes Impacted by Irrigation with Different Types of Water." Phytobiomes Journal 3, no. 2 (January 2019): 137–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pbiomes-09-18-0037-r.

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Irrigation water, particularly if applied overhead, could be an important source of bacterial contamination to fresh produce. The colonization, survival, and proliferation of exogenous bacterial pathogens can be strongly influenced by the produce microbiota. In this study, spinach grown in an organic field was irrigated with ground water and potential alternative irrigation water including reclaimed wastewater, and urban runoff water, over a period of 2 weeks. Water and spinach samples were collected before and after irrigation for bacterial plate count, qPCR, and community profiling using 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing analyses. The average bacterial population densities on spinach (6.50 ± 0.04 log CFU/g, 7.40 ± 0.10 log 16S copies/g) were significantly higher than those in irrigation water (3.61 ± 0.12 log CFU/ml, 4.94 ± 0.13 log 16S copies/ml). The composition and relative abundance of spinach microbiomes varied with different types of irrigation waters; however, the most abundant microbial taxa on spinach were not significantly affected by the irrigation with different types of water. Shigella, Salmonella, Listeria, Campylobacter spp., and pathogenic Escherichia coli were not detected in this study. This study provides information on the microbial ecology of diverse bacterial communities on spinach surface after irrigation by different types of water, which can benefit future studies on the interaction of microbes on produce, and the prevention of foodborne pathogens and plant disease.
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Suryaningsih, Suryaningsih, Irwan Said, and Nurdin Rahman. "Analisis Kadar Kalsium (Ca) dan Besi (Fe) dalam Kangkung Air (Ipomeae aquatica forsk) dan Kangkung Darat (Ipomeae reptan forsk) Asal Palu." Jurnal Akademika Kimia 7, no. 3 (August 30, 2018): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/j24775185.2018.v7.i3.11908.

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Kangkong, or water spinach is a well-known leaf vegetable because it is delicious cheap and easily obtained. There is two types of water spinach that most consumed, water-water spinach grown in the wet and watery and land-water spinach grown in dry place or moor. Kangkong can be consumed in various type of foods, in addition, it’s also rich in vitamins, protein, carotene, amino acids, phosphorus, sitosterol and mineral materials, especially iron and calcium. The aim of the study was to determine the concentration of calcium (Ca) and iron (Fe) in water-water spinach (ipomeae aquatica forsk) and land-water spinach (ipomeae reptan forsk) from palu. The research was conducted using alkaline digestion using nitric acid with the SSA instrument. The data showed that the concentration of Ca in stems and leaves of water-kangkong was 15.375 mg/kg and 12.833 mg/kg, and land–kangkong was 74.666 mg/kg and 31.000 mg/kg, while the concentration of Fe in stems and leaves of water-water spinach was 301.166 mg/kg and 232.500 mg/kg, and land-water spinach was 458.000 mg/kg and 238.750 mg/kg.
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Al-Khayri, Jameel M., Feng H. Huang, Teddy E. Morelock, and Tahani A. Busharar. "Spinach Tissue Culture Improved with Coconut Water." HortScience 27, no. 4 (April 1992): 357–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.4.357.

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A preliminary study has shown that the addition of 15% (v/v) coconut water (CW) to the culture medium significantly improved callus growth, shoot-regenerative capacity, and shoot growth in leaf disk cultures of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). Subsequently, the influence of a range of CW concentrations, 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, or 20% (v/v), was examined. Callus weight obtained after 5 weeks showed direct relationship to the concentration of CW. This stimulator action was observed in both cultivars tested in this study, `High Pack' and `Baker'. On CW-containing medium, shoot regeneration was expedited to 4 to 5 weeks compared with 8 to 12 weeks on a CW-free medium. Callus of `Baker' induced on a CW-free medium exhibited a significant increase in shoot regeneration frequency when transferred to a regeneration medium enriched with CW, suggesting that the addition of CW to the regeneration medium only is sufficient to achieve improved regeneration.
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KHAMWAN, Kittima, Ancharida AKARACHARANYA, Supat CHAREONPORNWATTANA, Yong-Eui CHOI, Tatsuo NAKAMURA, Yube YAMAGUCHI, Hiroshi SANO, and Atsuhiko SHINMYO. "Genetic Transformation of Water Spinach (Ipomoea aquatica)." Plant Biotechnology 20, no. 4 (2003): 335–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5511/plantbiotechnology.20.335.

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Mariani, R., F. Perdana, F. M. Fadhlillah, A. Qowiyyah, and H. Triyana. "Antioxidant activity of Indonesian water spinach and land spinach (Ipomoea aquatica): A comparative study." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1402 (December 2019): 055091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1402/5/055091.

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Sitepu, Indrawaty, and Nurmely Violeta Sitorus. "NILAI TAMBAH PENGOLAHAN KANGKUNG HIDROPONIK MENJADI KANGKUNG RENDANG." Jurnal Agrilink 2, no. 2 (August 10, 2020): 95–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.36985/agrilink.v9i2.433.

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Kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang merupakan kegiatan yang dapat meningkatkan nilai tambah, menghasilkan produk yang dapat dikonsumsi, serta menambah pendapatan dan keuntungan produsen.Tujuan penelitian untuk menguraikan apa saja tahapan pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangukung rendang, menganalisis biaya produksi, penerimaan, dan pendapatan, menganalisis nilai tambah pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang, menganalisis apakah usaha pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang layak diusahakan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Jalan Bromo lorong Amal Medan Denai Kota Medan. Penentuan daerah penelitian dilakukan secara purposive, Metode pengambilan sampel secara sensus yaitu usaha Syifa Hidroponik dengan pengambilan data ulangan selama 2,5 bualan sebanyak 10 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian: 1) Tahapan pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang yaitu: Penyediaan bahan baku kangkung hidroponik, kangkung dihaluskan, pengadonan kangkung, telur ayam, tepung beras dan garam, kangkung dikukus, kangkung didinginkan, dipotong-potong, digoreng, pemasakan bumbu rendang, pencampuran kangkung yang digoreng dengan bumbu rendang dan pemasaran. Total biaya pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang untuk sekali produksi sebesar Rp 545.291,83, penerimaan sebesar Rp 1.500.000,00, per sekali produksi dan pendapatan sebesar Rp 954.708,17 per sekali produksi. Nilai tambah yang dihasilkan dari pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang tergolong tinggi dengan rasio nilai tambah 75,31% > 50%.Usaha pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang layak untuk diusahakan dengan nilai R/C rasio 2,75 > 1. Abstract Hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach is an activity that can increase added value, produce edible products, as well as increase producer income and profits. The purpose of the research is to describe what are the stages of processing hydroponic water spinach into rendang kangukung, analyze production costs, revenue, and income, analyze added value of processing hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach, analyzing whether the business of processing hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach is worth the effort. This research was conducted in Jalan Bromo Amal Medan Denai alley Medan City. Determination of the study area was done purposively, census sampling method that is Syifa Hydroponic business with retrieval data retrieval for 2.5 boasting as many as 10 replications. The results of the study: 1) The stages of processing hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach, namely: Provision of raw materials for hydroponic water spinach, crushed water spinach, stirring water spinach, chicken eggs, rice flour and salt, steamed water spinach, water spinach water spinach, cut into pieces, fried, fried spicy water spinach, cooking water spinach kale, chicken egg, rice flour and salt, steamed water spinach, water spinach kangkung cooled, cut, fried, cooking spices, rendang, mixing fried kale with spicy rendang and marketing. The total cost of processing hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach for one production is Rp. 545,291.83, revenue is Rp. 1,500,000.00, per production and income is Rp. 954,708.17 per production. The added value generated from the processing of hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach is classified as high with a value added ratio of 75.31%> 50%. The business of processing hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach is feasible to be cultivated with an R / C ratio of 2.75> 1.
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Hou, Chih-Yao, Ting-Khai Kong, Chia-Min Lin, and Hsiu-Ling Chen. "The Effects of Plasma-Activated Water on Heavy Metals Accumulation in Water Spinach." Applied Sciences 11, no. 11 (June 7, 2021): 5304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11115304.

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Toxic heavy metals accumulate in crops from the environment through different routes and may interfere with biochemical reactions in humans, causing serious health consequences. Plasma technology has been assessed for the promotion of seed germination and plant growth in several past studies. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the growth rate of plants can be increased with the application of non-thermal plasma, as well as to reduce the accumulation of heavy metals in leafy vegetables (water spinach). In this study, several kinds of plasma treatments were applied, such as treatment on the seeds (PTS + NTW), irrigation water (NTS + PAW) or both (PTS + PAW). The results of the study showed that the heavy metals accumulated in water spinach were affected by the heavy metals available in the soil. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of Cd in water spinach decreased from 0.864 to 0.543 after plasma treatment in seed or irrigating water, while the BCF of Pb was low and did not show any significant changes. Therefore, the results suggest that plasma treatment may suppress Cd absorption, but not for Pb. In this study, plasma treatment did not help to improve the product yield of water spinach planted in Cd-added soil. In the future, fertilizers can be used to supply nutrients that are not provided by plasma-activated water to support the growth of water spinach.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Water spinach"

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Martin, Annamarie Guinnevere. "Vegetable farms in Cape Town: water quality and possible remediation techniques." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4398.

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Magister Scientiae (Biodiversity and Conservation Biology)
Heavy metal contamination tends to be a problem in inner city agricultural areas and gardens. High levels of certain heavy metals have been found in the soil and vegetables in the Cape Town Metropolitan area. The aim of this project was twofold. Firstly to ascertain whether water (ground or surface) was responsible for the heavy metal problem found in vegetables in the Philippi and Kraaifontein-Joostenbergvlakte farming areas in Cape Town; and secondly to evaluate the efficacy of two possible remediation methods, namely chelation (with EDTA) and precipitation (using phosphate), aimed at tackling the problem. In order to achieve this a water survey and greenhouse experiment were conducted. The water survey involved collecting a number of samples; both from surface dams and boreholes, from the two farming areas. Results showed minimal heavy metals in both, and therefore ruled this out as the source of the heavy metal problem. The greenhouse sand culture experiment tested the effects of the two remediation methods on the growth, development and elemental content of turnip and spinach plants treated with two cadmium and lead concentrations. In summary, Cd reduced growth more than Pb; Cd accumulated in roots and leaves, and Pb in roots. Several treatments, both metal and mitigation enhanced the chlorophyll content. The difference between the EDTA and phosphate mitigation treatments were not significant in the case of cadmium but in the case of lead, high phosphate resulted in increased growth. The large variation of results in this study, and indeed those of the available literature, indicate that the remedial treatments investigated here are not necessarily the most effective and that other treatments should be investigated to control the uptake of either cadmium or lead, as agricultural soils in future become more contaminated with either or both of these heavy metals.
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Dowzer, Clare Natalie. "The acute and chronic effects of water-running." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285283.

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Chen, Henry Szu-Meng. "Validation and optimization of myelin water imaging in a preclinical model of spinal cord injury." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/59685.

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Myelin content is an important marker for neuropathology; however, direct imaging of myelin is difficult. Consequently, quantitative T2 based myelin water imaging measures myelin content indirectly by probing the property of the surrounding water. Typically, a lengthy multi-echo spin-echo sequence is used to obtain decay curves that are fitted to produce T2 distributions. In white matter, two peaks are observed, one with short and one with long T2 associated with water trapped between the myelin lipid bilayers and intra/extracellular water. The ratio of myelin water peak to the entire distribution is called the myelin water fraction (MWF) and correlates well the myelin content. This thesis has two parts. The first half deals with the use of compressed sensing (CS) to accelerate the lengthy sequence used in myelin water imaging. The CS CPMG sequence was implemented in 2D utilizing group-sparse reconstruction in order to take advantage of the correlation between echoes. Simulated undersampling and real undersampling experiments were performed. It was found that acceleration up to 2× was possible without impacting MWF map quality, wherever adequate SNR was available. This is followed by a brief investigation into 3D CS CPMG, where similar results were achieved. The second part of the thesis focuses on myelin water imaging in the presence of myelin debris. Because MWF is associated with the water trapped in between the myelin lipid bilayers, the reading depends heavily on myelin morphology. I compared MWF to transmission electron microscopy (TEM) derived myelin fraction using a rat injury model at normal (normal myelin), 3 weeks post-injury (a large amount of myelin debris), and 8 weeks post-injury (myelin debris partially cleared). I found that myelin water fraction correlated strongly with the amount of myelin lipid bilayers in both intact myelin and myelin debris. From the TEM images, it appears that myelin debris consists of areas of either normally spaced myelin or large watery spaces. No significant difference was found in myelin period among the three groups.
Science, Faculty of
Physics and Astronomy, Department of
Graduate
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MacMillan, Erin Leigh. "Myelin water measurement by magnetic resonance imaging in the healthy human spinal cord : reproducibility and changes with age." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/1887.

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Multi-echo T2 relaxation measurements of the human spinal cord (SC) reveal a short T2 pool of water believed to arise from water trapped between myelin bilayers, where the proportion of this water to the total water signal is called the myelin water fraction (MWF). In the present study, MWF were measured in the healthy human cervical spine at the C4-C6 vertebral levels in vivo using a 3D modified 32 echo CPMG sequence to acquire axial slices perpendicular to the cord. Volunteers were recruited in two age ranges, under 30 years old and over 50 years old, and a subset of both groups were scanned twice to test reproducibility. Mean MWF in the dorsal and lateral column WM of the group under 30 years of age was 0.29 (0.01) (mean(SE)), which agrees with previously reported MWF values in the cervical spine. The mean absolute difference between two scans was 0.06 or 26%. A negative correlation between WM MWF and age was hinted at in these findings, however more subjects are required to improve statistical power. This study paves the way for the use of 3D myelin water imaging in the cervical spine at 3.0T for the assessment of SC WM pathology.
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Ljungberg, Emil. "Characterization of myelin water imaging using a gradient and spin echo sequence in human brain and spinal cord." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/57670.

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Myelin water imaging is a quantitative magnetic resonance imaging technique that can be used as an in vivo biomarker for myelin in the central nervous system. In 2007, a paradigm shift took place when the standard sequence for myelin water imaging changed from a multi-echo spin echo sequence to a gradient and spin echo (GRASE) sequence. The GRASE sequence has so far only been applied to brain imaging, and reproducibility between different scan vendors has not been assessed. In this study I present the first implementation of myelin water imaging using GRASE in human cervical spinal cord. The reproducibility of myelin water imaging in the spinal cord was found to be high (coefficient of variation = 6.1%, Cronbach’s α = 0.89). A multicenter reproducibility study of myelin water imaging in brain between two scan vendors (Siemens and Philips) was also performed. Results from the two scanners were found to be highly correlated but with a significant offset in myelin water fraction of 4.3%. Together, these two studies provide strong evidence of the reproducibility of myelin water imaging. It is an important step forward in the development of bringing myelin water imaging to the mainstream.
Science, Faculty of
Physics and Astronomy, Department of
Graduate
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Schleusner, Clifford James. "Field Investigation of the Mittry Lake Bass (Micropterous Salmoides) Fishery Including : Water Quality, Community Structure, Habitat Selection, and spinal Injury Rates Associated With Electrofishing." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1997. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_e9791_1997_291_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Goldstein, Ester. "Efficacy of sensory-motor and spinal stability exercises for the treatment of non-acute low back pain in Israel : comparison between water and land environments." Thesis, Staffordshire University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.424542.

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Walter, Lisa Marie [Verfasser], Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Claus, Evgeni [Akademischer Betreuer] Ponimaskin, Anaclet [Akademischer Betreuer] Ngezahayo, and Laxman [Akademischer Betreuer] Gangwani. "Dynamics and regulation of the actin cytoskeleton in the motoneuron disease Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) / Lisa Marie Walter ; Peter Claus, Evgeni Ponimaskin, Anaclet Ngezahayo, Laxman Gangwani." Hannover : Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1217249508/34.

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Lee, Pa-Ching, and 李柏青. "Purification and characterization of preexist amymase in the endosperm of water spinach." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03585583768141925415.

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碩士
國立臺灣師範大學
生物學系
84
The properties of pre-existing amylolytic enzyme in the endosperm of water sp-inach were investigated.water spinach is a dicotyledon plant,and the seed contains cotyledon and a starch rich endosperm. During germination , the endospermtissue is progressively collapsed and disappeared. Meanwhile a fraction of am-ylase activity which could not effect by cycloheximide treatment was detectedin the soaking solution. Thus the enzyme seems likely to be pre-existing inthe seed rather than de novo synthesis durin germination.After electrophoresis,three amylolytic-activity bands were presented in the 6.5% native polyacryla-mide gels containing 0.1 % (w/v) poato starch. The enzymes in socking solutionwere purified by the serial steps of ultrafiltration , streptomycin sulfateprecipitation, hydroxylapatite chromatography and fast protein purificationliquid chromatography (FPLC). Two isoenzymes were purified and named as amy I-a and amy I-b. The molecular weight of both enzymes were closely and they wereestimated at the value of 47.5 KD and 46.3 KD respectively by 10% SDS-PAGE.The purified enzyme were classified as alpha-amylase by substrate specificity,digested products analysis . According to the assay of enzyme-substrate speci-ficity,we could know that purified enzyme were very high substrate specificitywith potato starch beta-limit dextrin , and low substrate specificity withglycogen、dextrin . Both enzymes exhibit the optimum pH and temperature are atthe range of pH 5.5-7.5 and 40C-50C respectively. In addition , amyI-a exhibithigher the theromostability and sub strate affinity than amy I-b. The purifiedamy I-b were reversibly inactivated by oxidation in the absence of reducingagents. The activity was restorD by adding reductant,such as dithiothreitoland 2-mercaptoethanol. While the activity of amy I-a is stable from oxidation and will not affect by the present of reductant.
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Kuo, Hsin-Hsien, and 郭信賢. "Effects of rice husk char in soil on the absorption of heavy metals by water spinach." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7b973q.

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碩士
國立屏東科技大學
環境工程與科學系所
106
In Taiwan, with the continuous development of industry and commerce, plants and industrial areas are adjacent to agricultural lands. These agricultural crops, which are at high risk of pollution, eventually become human food. Agricultural land is introduced into irrigation channels as water for irrigation, and the type of pollution is usually heavy metals, and pollution is remedied. The purpose is to reduce the concentration of heavy metals in the soil below the statutory regulatory standards. Rice is a large crop in Taiwan. After the milled rice rice husks are used as fuel and compost, they can be made into biochar by pyrolysis to create economic value. This study uses different proportions of rice husk char. 0%, 10%, 15%, and 20% were added to soils contaminated by heavy metals. Pot experiments were conducted to compare the concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, and Zn in shoots and in the soil under test. The proportion changes. The experiment showed that Cd was the lowest in group A with 15 % rice hull charcoal, compared with the control group, from 27.7% to 17.8% (reduced by 5.9%), and was lowest in group B with 20% addition, compared with the control group. The comparison decreased from 24.0% to 14.7% (a decrease of 9.3%). Cu In both groups A and B, the addition of 15% was the lowest, which was a decrease of 3.8% and 3.7%, respectively. The concentration of other metals was 0.7 to 5.8%. The control group showed a decrease of 0-1.9%. It was found that the upper part of the leeks exhibited a higher concentration of Cd and Cu than the other heavy metals, while the rice husk char reduced the absorption of heavy metals and performed best for Cd and Cu.
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Books on the topic "Water spinach"

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Quebec Task Force on Spinal Disorders. Scientific approach to the assessment and management of activity-related spinal disorders: A monograph for clinicians, report of the / c Quebec Task Force on Spinal Disorders ; Walter O. Spitzer, Chairman. Hagerstown, Md: Harper & Row, 1987.

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Schreiner, Teri L., and Jeffrey L. Bennett. Neuromyelitis Optica. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0088.

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Neuromyelitis optica (NMO), or Devic’s disease is an inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system that preferentially affects the optic nerves and spinal cord. Initially considered a variant of multiple sclerosis (MS), NMO is now clearly recognized to have distinct clinical, radiographic, and pathologic characteristics. Historically, the diagnosis of NMO required bilateral optic neuritis and transverse myelitis; however, the identification of a specific biomarker, NMO-IgG, an autoantibody against the aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channel, has broadened NMO spectrum disease to include patients with diverse clinical and radiographic presentations. This chapter addresses the diagnosis, pathophysiology, and management of the disease.
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Crum, Brian A., Eduardo E. Benarroch, and Robert D. Brown. Neurologic Disorders Categorized by Anatomical Involvement. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199755691.003.0523.

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Neurological disorders of the brain, spine, and peripheral nervous system are examined. Symptoms and signs related to disorders of the cerebral cortex may lead to alterations in cognition and consciousness. Unilateral neurologic symptoms involving a single neurologic symptom commonly localize to the cerebral cortex. Abnormalities of speech and language are localized to the dominant cerebral hemisphere, whereas abnormalities of the nondominant hemisphere may lead to visuospatial deficits, confusion, or neglect of the contralateral side of the body. The hypothalamus is important in many functions that affect everyday steady-state conditions, including temperature regulation, hunger, water regulation, sleep, endocrine functions, cardiovascular functions, and regulation of the autonomic nervous system. Cortical and subcortical abnormalities may also lead to visual system deficits, usually homonymous visual defects of the contralateral visual field. Sensory levels, signs of anterior horn cell involvement, and long-tract signs in the posterior columns or corticospinal tract suggest a spinal cord lesion.
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Subhas, Kamalakkannan, and Martin Smith. Intensive care management after neurosurgery. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0369.

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The post-operative management of neurosurgical patients is directed towards the prevention, prompt detection, and management of surgical complications, and other factors that put the brain or spinal cord at risk. Close monitoring is required in the first 6–12 post-operative hours as deterioration in clinical status is usually the first sign of a potentially fatal complication. The majority of patients do not require complex monitoring or management beyond the first 12 hours after elective surgery, although prolonged intensive care unit management may be required for those who develop complications, or after acute brain injury. Cardiovascular and respiratory disturbances adversely affect the injured or ‘at risk’ brain, and meticulous blood pressure control and prevention of hypoxia are key aspects of management. Hypertension is particularly common after intracranial neurosurgery and may cause complications, such as intracranial bleeding and cerebral oedema, or be a consequence of them. A moderate target for glycaemic control (7.0–10 mmol/L) is recommended, avoiding hypoglycaemia and large swings in blood glucose concentration. Pain, nausea, and vomiting occur frequently after neurosurgery, and a multimodal approach to pain management and anti-emesis is recommended. Adequate analgesia not only ensures patient comfort, but also avoids pain-related hypertension. Disturbances of sodium and water homeostasis can lead to serious complications, and a structured approach to diagnosis and management minimizes adverse outcomes. Post-operative seizures must be brought rapidly under control because of the risks of secondary cerebral damage and/or progression to status epilepticus.
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Book chapters on the topic "Water spinach"

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Irrgang, K. D., A. Lekauskas, P. Franke, F. Reifarth, H. Smolian, M. Karge, and G. Renger. "Structural Analysis of the Water: Plastoquinone Oxidoreductase from Spinach Thylakoids." In Photosynthesis: Mechanisms and Effects, 977–80. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3953-3_231.

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Mehdaoui, Hsan Youssef, Nadia Castanheira, Manuela Roldão Oliveira, Salma Mseddi, Maria da Conceiçao Goncalves, and Monem Kallel. "Effect of Magnetic Treatment of Irrigation Water on Spinach Matador (Spinacia Oleracea L) Growth and Soil Characteristics." In Recent Advances in Environmental Science from the Euro-Mediterranean and Surrounding Regions (2nd Edition), 1579–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51210-1_251.

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Federica, Tamburella, Scivoletto Giorgio, Cosentino Elena, and Molinari Marco. "Walking in Water and on Land after an Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury." In Converging Clinical and Engineering Research on Neurorehabilitation, 735–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-34546-3_119.

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Rana, M. K., and Navjot Singh Brar. "Water Spinach." In Vegetable Crops Science, 261–68. CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315116204-30.

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Rafie, Sh El, H. I. Elaila, and M. S. Shalaby. "Study on Irrigation of Spinach Plant with Reversed “Osmosis” Desalinated Sea Water." In Advanced Aspects of Engineering Research Vol.12, 162–69. Book Publisher International (a part of SCIENCEDOMAIN International), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bpi/aaer/v12/8193d.

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Williams, Bryan S. "Sacroiliac Joint Injections and Lateral Branch Blocks, Including Water-Cooled Neurotomy." In Spinal Injections &amp Peripheral Nerve Blocks, 164–73. Elsevier, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-4377-2219-2.00015-7.

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Song, Priscilla. "Planet Paralyzed." In Biomedical Odysseys. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691174778.003.0002.

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A THREAD EXCERPT FROM CARECURE, an online discussion forum devoted to spinal cord injury: MORGAN: Yo, like I dont want to kill nobody’s enthusiasm, but all you people’s putting in your little dippy comments and all, like I thought we was gonna get a blow by blow account of the man over in Beijing and instead alls we get is one after the other insipid little comments from y’all standin on the sidelines and gawkin. Lets not water this thread down and get all like distracted with empty nothings. Gimminy, his experience be more important than everybody’s effin 2 cents. Just my 2 cents. (2003a)...
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Karampinos, Dimitrios C., Robert Dawe, Konstantinos Arfanakis, and John G. Georgiadis. "Optimal Diffusion Encoding Strategies for Fiber Mapping in Diffusion MRI." In Handbook of Research on Advanced Techniques in Diagnostic Imaging and Biomedical Applications, 90–107. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-314-2.ch007.

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Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (diffusion MRI) can provide important information about tissue microstructure by probing the diffusion of water molecules in a biological tissue. Although originally proposed for the characterization of cerebral white matter connectivity and pathologies, its implementation has extended to many other areas of the human body. In a parallel development, a number of diffusion models have been proposed in order to extract the underlying tissue microstructural properties from the diffusion MRI signal. The present study reviews the basic considerations that have to be taken into account in the selection of the diffusion encoding parameters in diffusion MRI acquisition. Both diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and high-order schemes are reviewed. The selection of these parameters relies strongly on requirements of the adopted diffusion model and the diffusion characteristics of the tissue under study. The authors review several successful parameter selection strategies for the imaging of the human brain, and conclude with the basics of parameter optimization on promising applications of the technique on other tissues, such as the spinal cord, the myocardium, and the skeletal muscles.
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"Early Life History of Fishes in the San Francisco Estuary and Watershed." In Early Life History of Fishes in the San Francisco Estuary and Watershed, edited by Swee J. Teh, Guo H. Zhang, Tom Kimball, and Foo C. Teh. American Fisheries Society, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569599.ch16.

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<em>Abstract.</em>—Runoff from dormant spray applications to orchards can contain the insecticides diazinon and esfenvalerate, which may affect the health of the threatened splittail <em>Pogonichthys macrolepidotus</em>. To examine the potential effects of these two insecticides, splittail larvae were exposed to diazinon, esfenvalerate, and a mixture of the two insecticides in static renewal 96-h acute toxicity tests. Surviving fish were transferred to clean water for an additional 14 d (18 d total). Mortality, morphological anomalies, histopathology, and growth determinations were made to assess lethal and sublethal effects. The combination of diazinon and esfenvalerate produced less than additive (independent) toxicity. Diazinon (singly and in combination with esfenvalerate) produced latent toxicity after the 96-h exposure, as demonstrated by reduced growth and increased spinal deformities. Metabolic dysfunction in the liver and inflammation of the pancreas were likely related to slower growth of diazinon-exposed fish. These symptoms were almost absent from esfenvalerate-exposed fish. The use of 14-d EC50 values and the measurement of biomarkers may more accurately describe the effects of 96-h shortterm exposure to these insecticides than traditional 96-h LC50 values.
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Solís-Herrera, Arturo, Graciela Landín-Miranda, Ruth I. Solís-Arias, Paola E. Solís-Arias, Martha P. Solís-Arias, and María del Carmen Arias Esparza. "Water of the Cephalous Spinal Fluid- The Main Source of Energy of the Central Nervous System." In Melanin, the Master Molecule, 74–88. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9781681086538118010006.

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Conference papers on the topic "Water spinach"

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Sahira, Gita, Siti Mutia Septina, and Samsul Arifin. "Business Analysis of “Syafa Farm” Water Spinach Hydroponic Farming in Rancaekek, Bandung Regency." In First International Conference on Science, Technology, Engineering and Industrial Revolution (ICSTEIR 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210312.031.

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Qiu, Jun, R. M. Boom, and M. A. I. Schutyser. "Agitated thin-film drying of spinach juice." In 21st International Drying Symposium. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7515.

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Agitated thin film dryers (ATFD) has been considered as an effective technology for drying viscous liquid foods, pastes or pureed foods. In this study, a lab-scale ATFD was developed and applied for drying of juices from spinach leaves at varying temperature (60 – 90 ˚C), feed rate (0.3 – 0.5 kg/h) and blade rotation speed (300 – 600 RPM) combinations. Juice suspensions were successfully dried into powder with a moisture content ranging from 0.049 to 0.114 kg/kg total. Increasing the wall temperature and feed rate were found to improve the specific evaporation rate and evaporation rate of the ATFD, respectively. The blade rotation speed had limited effect on the water removal rate, while it played a crucial role in powder formation. Keywords: Food solution; Spinach juice; Thin film drying; Scraped surface; Vacuum conductive drying.
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Dizon, Paul Gedson P., Khennedy L. Hernandez, Deniell S. Garcia, Roselle P. Alviar, and Eunice R. Berina. "Kangkong fiber ash (water spinach) as a partial replacement in cement for concrete mixture." In 13TH INTERNATIONAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH CONFERENCE (13TH EURECA 2019). AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0002236.

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Deng, Xiao, Chunyuan Wu, Qinfen Li, and Wei Li. "Effect of Vermicompost on Soil Enzyme Activity of Coastal Saline Soil in Water Spinach Plantation." In 2017 6th International Conference on Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development (ICEESD 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iceesd-17.2017.79.

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Ishimori, Yuu, Akihiro Sakoda, Mina Yamada, Yuko Makino, Satoshi Yamada, and Hideyasu Fujiyama. "Feasibility Study on Phytoremediation Techniques for Soil Contaminated by the Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident." In ASME 2013 15th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2013-96319.

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Tottori University and the Japan Atomic Energy Agency carried out jointly the feasibility study on phytoremediation techniques, which apply to soil contaminated by the TEPCO’s Fukushima Dai-ichi NPP accident. This paper illustrates the results from experimental investigations. Experimental investigations include both water-culture tests and field tests. Several plants, mainly halophytes that can specifically absorb more Na than K, and others like sunflower demonstrated for other domestic large-scale tests, were water-cultured and examined for screening. Easily cultivated and harvested plants without harmful effects on subsequent cultivation were also considered. New Zealand spinach was selected as a candidate for demonstrations in fields. The field tests were carried out at two sites of different agricultural types in Minami-soma, Fukushima prefecture. Concentration of 137Cs in soil is about 4.5 Bq/g-dry as the average of 10 cm depth. The aims of the field tests are to confirm absorption ability and environmental adaptation of the test plants and to document the cost and performance of projects. In conclusion, the absorption of 137Cs activity per unit area (Bq/m2) by New Zealand spinach could be approximately 0.5%. To achieve an effective result in removal of 137Cs from soil in around a decade, it is required to find the plant which has ten or more times higher absorption capacity than New Zealand spinach. From the consistency of both results in water-culture and field tests, the water-culture test can be valid for screening. In addition, applicable sites will be limited to fields which are too steep or too narrow to use mechanical diggers, and which are free from any restrictions to enter.
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J D Wood, R Gordon, G S Bezanson, and G Potter. "Natural Disinfection of Nalidixic Acid Resistant Escherichia coli in a Spinach Production System Introduced by Irrigation Water." In 2008 Providence, Rhode Island, June 29 - July 2, 2008. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.24690.

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Muhdhar, Mimien Henie Irawati Al, Murni Sapta Sari, Dwi Pipit Indriyanti, Sueb, and Muhammad Shalahuddin Rahmansyah. "Phytoremediation liquid waste krebet sugar factory using water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) to decrease BOD and COD levels." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON METALLURGY AND MATERIALS (ISMM2019): Exploring New Innovation in Metallurgy and Materials. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0007273.

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cojocaru, paula. "PHYTOTOXICITY OF CADMIUM AND ZINC ON BRASSICA NAPUS, SINAPSIS ALBA AND SPINACIA OLERACEA USING TWO SOIL TYPES." In 13th SGEM GeoConference on WATER RESOURCES. FOREST, MARINE AND OCEAN ECOSYSTEMS. Stef92 Technology, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2013/bc3/s13.019.

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Doughty, Elizabeth S., and Nesrin Sarigul-Klijn. "Noninvasive In Vivo Characterization of Pediatric Human Spine: 3-D Finite Element Study." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-62300.

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There are no full three-dimensional computational models of the pediatric spine to study the many diseases and disorders that afflict the immature spine using finite element analysis. To fully characterize the pediatric spine, we created a pediatric specific computational model of C1-L5 using noninvasive in vivo techniques to incorporate the differences between the adult and pediatric spines: un-fused vertebrae, lax ligaments, and higher water content in the intervertebral discs. Muscle follower loads were included in the model to simulate muscle activation for five muscles involved in spine stabilization. This paper is the first pediatric three-dimensional model developed to date. Due to a lack of experimental pediatric spinal studies, this 3-D computational model has the potential to become a surgical tool to ensure that the most appropriate technique is chosen for treating pediatric spinal dysfunctions such as congenital abnormalities, idiopathic scoliosis, and vertebral fractures.
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Kim, Loren, Peter Simon, Gunnar Andersson, Howard S. An, Nozomu Inoue, and Alejandro A. Espinoza Orías. "Non-Contact Experimental Assessment of Spinal Facet Joint Cartilage Dehydration." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80930.

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Dehydration may cause undesirable morphological changes in small hydrated tissue with high surface-to-volume ratio during in vitro experimentation that can result in erroneous data. The lumbar facet joint cartilage, an example of such tissue, is highly susceptible to dehydration due its high content of water (60% to 80% by volume) when exposed to ambient air [1]. Recent studies involving thickness measurement of articular human and bovine cartilage from the tibial plateau reported distinct decreases in thickness due to dehydration and the importance of maintaining its hydration during biomechanical experimental studies [1–3]. Knee joint and facet joint cartilage are characterized as hyaline cartilage surrounded by synovial fluid and encased in a joint capsule. The fact that both are synovial joints suggests that facet joint cartilage may show similar dehydration rates; however, due to its smaller size and different surface-to-volume, the dehydration rate is expected to be higher for facet joint cartilage. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the rate of facet joint cartilage dehydration has not been quantified before. It is hypothesized that the facet joint cartilage thickness will decrease in an inverse exponential trend and significant changes will be seen as dehydration time intervals time increases. The objectives of this study were: 1) quantify the dimensional stability of the cartilage samples under a sequential dehydration protocol, and 2) to evaluate the cartilage shrinkage rate.
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