Journal articles: 'Water-supply engineering'

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Fengchun, Yao. "Urban Water Supply Management and Water Supply Safety Countermeasures." Science Innovation 9, no. 4 (2021): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.si.20210904.23.

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Zhang, Haiying. "Construction of water supply and drainage engineering." MATEC Web of Conferences 246 (2018): 02009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824602009.

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Construction of water supply and drainage engineering is one of the main special courses offered to students whose major is Water Supply and Drainage. Through learning of this course, the students should understand earth and rock works, water drainage in the process of construction, pipe slotting construction, non-pipe slotting construction, underwater construction, energy-saving and noise reduction in the design of water supply and drainage system, mechanical equipment installation, water structure, and maintenance and maintenance. Urban supply system and drainage system are major strong guarantee of development of cities and one of an important infrastructure projects. Therefore, it is required to culture graduate in the field of water supply and drainage engineering. The paper offers a construction plan for the course in the following aspects: revision of teaching content, improvement of teaching method, arrangement of test database and exercise database and ways to increasing teaching effect of this course, and result of construction.

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Tang, S. L., D. P. T. Yue, and D. C. C. Ku. "Engineering and Costs of Dual Water Supply Systems." Water Intelligence Online 6 (December 30, 2015): 9781780402062. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/9781780402062.

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Yadav, Jangbahadur Prasad. "Dharan Water Supply System - Alarming Issues and Future." Journal of Advanced Research in Civil and Environmental Engineering 10, no. 1 (March 2, 2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2393.8307.202301.

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This study examines the critical issue of water scarcity in the Dharan Sub-metropolitan city, analyzing the various factors that are driving factors driving water demand and proposing strategies and ensuring water security. This study finds that factors replace with the rapid expansion of residential areas, increasing population, steeper slopes, changing lifestyles, natural hazards, technical and management leakage are major contributors to the growing water shortages in the area, leading to a situation of water instability. However, the study also identifies that factor such as precipitation, geology, soil types, potential water sources in the area offer opportunities for stabilizing the water supply in Dharan Sub-metropolitan. This study highlights the combined effect of these various active factors that led to an increase in per capita demand of water from 71 to 100 lpcd. This increasing water demand and shrinking of surface water led to Interrupted Water pumping and overexploitation. Additionally, the study indicates that due to high level of Non-Revenue Water (NRW) up-to 40%, certain parts of the city’s residents are facing major difficulties in accessing clean drinking water. The study also finds that positive changes in precipitation, supportive soil types and geology in the city of Dharan increases the potential for water recharge and harvesting. In order to achieve a sustainable and climate-resilient water supply, the study recommends implementing Water management tools likewise protective measures for critical water zones, stabilizing stream banks and gullies for surface water source improvement, artificial recharge of the city through Climate Adaptive Recharge Pits (CARP) and slope interception methods, as well as community-based water harvesting for groundwater source improvement. Furthermore, the study suggests establishing R&D unit involving national and local level experts and stakeholders for better planning and management.

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Ovesen, Kaj. "Water supply and drainage." Batiment International, Building Research and Practice 16, no. 5 (September 1988): 319–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01823328808726915.

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Morley, Kevin M., and Jerry P. Brashear. "Protecting the Water Supply." Mechanical Engineering 132, no. 01 (January 1, 2010): 34–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2010-jan-3.

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This article highlights various features of risk and resilience standard developed by the ASME-ITI and American Water Works Association. The American Water Works Association and ASME Innovative Technologies Institute have jointly developed an American National Standard to enhance the security and resilience of drinking water and wastewater systems. The ASME-ITI, under the Department of Homeland Security’s sponsorship, initiated discussions with the water sector to consider the development of sector-level guidance based on RAMCAP Plus. The RAMCAP Plus process is composed of seven interrelated analytic steps, which provides a foundation for data collection and interpretation, analysis, and decision making valuable for understanding and managing risk and resilience. The process is designed to guide the selection of options that reduce risk and increase resilience, including informing funding decisions. The joint standard fulfils the need identified in the water sector-specific plan. It facilitates the reduction of risk and the enhancement of resilience at water and wastewater systems across America.

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Pei, Yu Lin, and Xiao Yi Yang. "Energy Conservation Strategy and Control Mechanism in Engineering of Water Supply." Advanced Materials Research 482-484 (February 2012): 1733–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.482-484.1733.

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Water supply system is a complex system. Aimed at the puzzle of being very heavy in energy consumption of system control and being not better in water supply quality resulted from being inappropriate in control strategy, The paper researched on the energy conservation strategy and control mechanism of water supply system. It discussed the cybernetics characteristic of water supply process, proposed the intelligence based fusion control strategy and the energy conservation executing strategy, and analyzed the control model of water supply purifying process and the control algorithm of constant pressure control system. Based on the comparative study of simulation experiment, the display of response curve demonstrated that the intelligence based control strategy would be better than conventional PID control method. The simulation results show that the proposed strategy combined intelligence based fusion control with speed control by frequency variation has better application prospect in water supply system.

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Tchórzewska-Cieślak, Barbara, Janusz Rak, Katarzyna Pietrucha-Urbanik, Izabela Piegdoń, Krzysztof Boryczko, Dawid Szpak, and Jakub Żywiec. "Water supply safety assessment considering the water supply system resilience." DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT 288 (2023): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2023.29201.

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Yang, Jie, Zhong Hua Tang, and Yu Song. "Probe into the Problem of Water-Saving and Energy-Saving in Building." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 3275–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.3275.

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With the fast development of economy in China, some questions have come out gradually, and more and more obviously. For instance the energy in short supply, the water resource exhausted. I have made a simple analysis on the issue that some extant energy is wasted and the water resource wasted in the water supply and sewerage engineering in China, and have put forward some corresponding measures, such as full use of available municipal water supply network head, reasonable control of the flow of overpressure and decompression cost saving measures, promotion of the technology of water reuse and rainwater reuse and other measures. These measures can effectively reduce the energy and water waste in the water supply and sewerage engineering.

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Kutyrin, I. M. "Ecology of engineering schemes of water supply in industry." Hydrotechnical Construction 26, no. 4 (April 1992): 243–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01545327.

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Velyamov, T. T., O. A. Manankova, and M. Z. Yakubova. "INTELLIGENT SYSTEM OF OPTIMUM CONTROL OF WATER SUPPLY ENGINEERING NETWORK OPERATION AT RANDOM FAILURES." Bulletin of Kazakh Leading Academy of Architecture and Construction 84, no. 2 (June 15, 2022): 339–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.51488/1680-080x/2022.2-37.

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The article is devoted to the development of a unique intelligent system that solves the problem of managing failures of water supply equipment in an engineering network. The developed intelligent system minimizes the costs of maintaining water supply equipment and most closely matches the conditions for the operation of an engineering network, taking into account modern features of economic fluctuations in the financial market for water supply equipment and the rapid development of IT technologies.

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Ortloff, Charles R. "Hydraulic Engineering at 100 BC-AD 300 Nabataean Petra (Jordan)." Water 12, no. 12 (December 12, 2020): 3498. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12123498.

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The principal water supply and distribution systems of the World Heritage site of Petra in Jordan were analyzed to bring forward water engineering details not previously known in the archaeological literature. The three main water supply pipeline systems sourced by springs and reservoirs (the Siq, Ain Braq, and Wadi Mataha pipeline systems) were analyzed for their different pipeline design philosophies that reflect different geophysical landscape challenges to provide water supplies to different parts of urban Petra. The Siq pipeline system’s unique technical design reflects use of partial flow in consecutives sections of the main pipeline to support partial critical flow in each section that reduce pipeline leakage and produce the maximum flow rate the Siq pipeline can transport. An Ain Braq pipeline branch demonstrated a new hydraulic engineering discovery not previously reported in the literature in the form of an offshoot pipeline segment leading to a water collection basin adjacent to and connected to the main water supply line. This design eliminates upstream water surges arising from downstream flow instabilities in the two steep pipelines leading to a residential sector of Petra. The Wadi Mataha pipeline system is constructed at the critical angle to support the maximum flow rate from a reservoir. The analyses presented for these water supply and distribution systems brought forward aspects of the Petra urban water supply system not previously known, revising our understanding of Nabataean water engineers’ engineering knowledge.

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Kriš, Jozef. "Water supply in Slovakia." Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 52, no. 5 (August 2003): 355–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2003.0033.

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Huang, Shi Yuan, Qiang Huang, Shao Hua He, and Shuai Zhou. "Discussion on the Design of Water Supply and Sewage Engineering for School Canteen." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 4856–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.4856.

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Based on the particularity of the water supply and sewerage design of dining hall’s construction and retrofit in the college, some problems in design, such as water-supply system, drainage system, hot water system, and reclaimed water system are discussed. Also some corresponding advices and solutions are put forward. Some explorations, especially in the canteen hot water supply and the thermal insulation are made. In this way, the designs can better meet the requirements of operation.

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Ye, Suxian, Jingwen Li, Jiao Yuan, Yao Hu, and Xiaoqiang Han. "Design And Analysis Of Water Supply And Drainage Engineering For A Residential Building." E3S Web of Conferences 53 (2018): 03044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20185303044.

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Nowadays, the demand for architecture by the public is not only a living, but also an increase in comfort and safety requirements, and more attention is paid to the design of water supply and drainage works for buildings.In recent years, the rapid development of the economy, whether it is urban or township, the degree of housing community is getting higher and higher, people's requirements for the water supply and drainage function of the building are also constantly improving, which gives the water supply and drainage project a broader development space.In this paper, the nine-story building in a certain district is taken as the research object, and the design analysis is carried out according to the relevant data of the building and the living needs of the residents to verify the feasibility.According to the four parts of water supply, drainage, fire protection and rainwater drainage, the water supply and drainage project of the building is analyzed, and the construction points are briefly given.It can effectively improve the design level and quality of the water supply and drainage system of the building, and facilitate the use of domestic water for residents.

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Park, Kibum. "Water Supply Reliability Analysis of Multi-Purpose Dams in Preparation for Water Disasters." J-INSTITUTE 8 (August 31, 2023): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22471/disaster.2023.8.29.

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Purpose: In this study, in order to find a way to minimize water supply shortage, reliability analysis of water supply was conducted by operating the Andong and the Imha Dam. The purpose is to find a way to minimize water shortage by the allocation distribution model from the reliability analysis results. Method: In this study, in order to analyze the water supply reliability of Andong and Imha Dam, using the Allocation rule presented by Park et al(2007), based on the planned water supply of Andong and Imha Dam for a total of 360 months from 1993 to 2022, analyzed. From the analysis results, the reliability of stable water supply was evaluated. Results: In the case of supplying the planned water supply of Andong and Imha Dam, the analysis result of Rule(B), which considers the ratio of the storage and inflow of the dam in the reservoir operation analysis result, showed that the shortage of Andong Dam occurred the most at 23 months, Regarding the number of shortages of control points, Rule(A), which considers only the storage capacity of the dam, was found to be short at 39 months, which is the largest number of shortages. As for the frequency standard reliability, Rule(B) showed the highest reliability of 90%, but in the case of quantitative reliability, the reliability was similar in all cases. Conclusion: In the water supply reliability, the reliability of stable water supply by supplying only the planned water supply amount is 94%, 93%, and 90% in Rule(B) of the allocation distribution model. 5% at the Andong dam, 7% at the Imha dam, and 10% at the control point. When water supply is evaluated with frequency reliability, it is judged that countermeasures for the shortfall are necessary. Next, in the case of quantitative reliability, when only the planned water supply was supplied, it was analyzed to be 95%, 94%, and 95% in all methods, so that the quantitative reliability was higher than the frequency reliability.

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Ren, De Qi. "Control Strategy of Energy Saving Based on Intelligence-Fusion in Water Supply Engineering." Applied Mechanics and Materials 401-403 (September 2013): 1822–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.401-403.1822.

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Aimed at the puzzle that it is heavy in energy consumption and not better in water quality to water supply engineering resulted in inappropriate control strategy, the paper explored the energy saving strategy and control mechanism of water supply system. In the paper, it discussed the cybernetics characteristic of water supply process, proposed the intelligence-fusion based control strategy and the energy saving executing strategy, and analyzed the control model of water supply purifying process and the control algorithm of constant pressure control system. The comparative research of simulation demonstrated that the proposed strategy would be better than conventional PID control method. The simulation results show that the strategy combined intelligence-fusion based control with speed control by inverter has better application prospect.

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Landels, J. G., and A. Trevor Hodge. "Roman Aqueducts and Water Supply." Technology and Culture 35, no. 2 (April 1994): 404. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3106310.

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He, Jin Rong. "Study on Municipal Water Supply and Drainage Designs." Applied Mechanics and Materials 340 (July 2013): 190–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.340.190.

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Along with the rapid development of Chinas economy, the process of urbanization is constantly accelerated. The water supply and drainage engineering of municipal works is one of the most important components of the infrastructures in urban areas. Besides, the water supply and drainage design of municipal works is a very important link. Whether the water supply and drainage engineering of municipal works can be done well is of important significance and role in the construction of a good urban living environment. In the 21st century, it is necessary for urban construction to seek a sustainable development way, and promote the idea of energy conservation. This proposes higher requirement on the municipal water supply and drainage design. However, at present, there are still a lot of problems in the municipal water supply and drainage design. Therefore, the author carries out a study on the problems necessary to notice in the municipal water supply and drainage design.

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Xu, Xiao Ling, Xu Feng Liang, Xiu Juan Liang, and Chang Lai Xiao. "Analysis on Water Resources Supply and Demand Balance of Major Engineering Project of Rural Land Remediation in Jilin Province." Applied Mechanics and Materials 295-298 (February 2013): 2127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.2127.

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Water resources are an important influence factor of land remediation in Jilin Province. As support of food production, analysis of water resources supply and demand balance is an important part and technical support of the construction. After forecast of water demand and the calculation of water supply, in major projects areas of the demonstration construction of whole rural land remediation in Jilin province, the average water availability for many years is 736796.1 thousand m3 each year, including surface water availability 543393 thousand m3 and groundwater availability 193403.1 thousand m3.water demand is 463 694.4 thousand m3 in 2015; including water demand for life 49150 thousand m3 and water demand for agricultural irrigation 414544.4 thousand m3. Water supply is more than water demand; the results show that there is a slight surplus of water resources in the region. The basic supply-demand balance can be achieved in conditions of the design of water supply project in every project area.

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Li, Shi You, Shui Bo Xie, Yao Hui Zhou, Wei Ling Wu, and Yi Duan. "Discussion on the Water Supply Engineering Planning of Small Towns in Southern China." Applied Mechanics and Materials 212-213 (October 2012): 628–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.212-213.628.

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With the example of the water supply engineering planning of small towns in southern china, the effects of town water consumption forecast, water resource selection, water site choice, pipe network planning on the present engineering planning of water supply were investigated. The analyses show that the water consumption forecast should adopt many kinds of methods to check each other, and finally determine a proper value. To ensure water yield of source water reliable and water quality to meet the requirements are the first principle of the water resource selection. The location of water plant should be determined according to the characteristics of the water source and the hydrological and hydrogeological conditions, in accordance with the relevant requirements specification. The basic requirements of the pipe network layout are as follows: the security of water quality; the reliability of the water volume and water pressure; the operation reliability and the least investment. As a part of the overall planning, the water supply engineering planning should proceed from reality to deal with the relationship of the recent construction and long-term development in order to push small towns economy to a rapid growth.

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Xuemei, Guo. "Long-distance Pipe Jacking Technology in Municipal Water Supply and Drainage Engineering Construction." E3S Web of Conferences 165 (2020): 04021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016504021.

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Nowadays, with the sustainable economic development in China, the management of the urban constructional planning in various cities in China has also made great progress and improvement, and urban infrastructure construction is also constantly being improved. To make people’s work and life more convenient, municipal projects are also increasing. Municipal water supply and drainage engineering construction in cities are indispensable in urban infrastructure construction. Long-distance drainage often occurs in the construction of water supply and drainage. In order to solve this situation, relevant staff have specially developed a series of long-distance pipe jacking technology and applied it to the construction of municipal water supply and drainage projects, which greatly improves the quality and the efficiency of municipal water supply and drainage projects.

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Song, Taiquan. "Management and Construction Strategy of Water Supply and Drainage Engineering." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 560 (August 26, 2020): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/560/1/012002.

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Tillman, D. E., T. A. Larsen, C. Pahl-Wostl, and W. Gujer. "Simulating development strategies for water supply systems." Journal of Hydroinformatics 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2005.0005.

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The objective of this paper is to point out existing risks of current design and management strategies in water supply systems and to identify possible ways of designing and operating schemes which minimize these risks. This paper is motivated by the observation that existing design principles and engineering rules (best practice) seem to cope insufficiently or even conflict with current trends of declining water demand. In order to evaluate this situation, an agent-based model comprising the current rules of best practice was developed in a participatory process. Once the model was validated with data sets from a real utility, multiple-scenario testing was used to explore different design strategies, thus allowing ideas for developing alternative management and design schemes to be generated. The simulations show that the traditional risk of insufficient supply security must be supplemented by considering the opposite risk of excessive security (over-capacity). The introduction of demand-side measures may help to calibrate existing best practice with the trends of the current operating environment. Ideas are brought forward on how to shape incentive systems for stakeholders in order to facilitate such a shift.

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Liu, Zhen Hua. "Water Supply and Drainage Applicable Talents Cultivating Based on CCDIO Engineering Education." Applied Mechanics and Materials 295-298 (February 2013): 1866–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.1866.

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Current talents cultivating can not meet the modern requirements of water supply and drainage project. CCDIO is defined as the center of students' career development with engineering or product life cycle as a carrier, meaning career development,conceive, design, implement, operate. Teaching system based on CCDIO consists of six systems including talents cultivating scheme, curriculum system, practice and training system, teaching quality assurance system, teacher training system, student career development system.Curriculum system includes engineering foundation and introduction, engineering conceive and design, engineering implement, engineering operate. CCDIO engineering education contributes to cultivating qualified modern water supply and drainage engineer, providing with talents for solving the water crisis.

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Wen, Xiangbin, and Zhenghui Wang. "Engineering application of BIM in saving water and energy conservation." 3C Empresa. Investigación y pensamiento crítico 12, no. 01 (March 31, 2023): 133–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17993/3cemp.2023.120151.133-163.

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With the improvement of living standards, people are more and more eager to improve the efficiency of energy conservation and emissions reduction of buildings. Pursuant to this, the application of BIM technology in the water supply and drainage engineering of green buildings is proposed. Firstly, the BIM model is built to draw the axis network and axis height and transform the spatial position of family components, which is conductive to addressing the problem of the loss of engineering information. Then, the energy-saving pathways of green building water supply and drainage projects are analyzed, Concretely, the drainage energy consumption can be reduced by decreasing the overall head of the water pump. The pipe resistance and drainage efficiency can be respectively reduced and improved through reasonable selection of parallel drainage pipelines. Also, the principle of "avoiding the peak and filling valley" can be adopted to reduce pump operation in peak period and water draining in valley period, thereby saving drainage cost. By optimizing the control strategy of the drainage system and improving the utilization rate of water resources, the final results of the study show that BIM technology can realize 69% energy saving of the total savings in water supply and drainage engineering of green buildings, decrease cost consumption and improve the quality of water supply and drainage system, so as to make full use of limited water resources to achieve the effect of energy conservation and emission reduction.

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Harris, A. "Who owns the water supply?" Engineering & Technology 5, no. 11 (July 24, 2010): 42–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/et.2010.1108.

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Carabet, Adrian, Ion Mirel, Constantin Florescu, Cristian Staniloiu, Alina Girbaciu, and Irina Olaru. "DRINKING WATER QUALITY IN WATER-SUPPLY NETWORKS." Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 10, no. 11 (2011): 1659–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.30638/eemj.2011.227.

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Williams, L. "Something in the water [global water supply shortages]." Engineering & Technology 13, no. 7 (August 1, 2018): 70–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/et.2018.0708.

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Almedom, Astier, Ursula Blumenthal, and Lenore Manderson. "Public Health Engineering: Hygiene Evaluation Procedures." Practicing Anthropology 18, no. 3 (July 1, 1996): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.18.3.r34g7w5lv9g25205.

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Water and sanitation projects were among the first to which rapid appraisal methods were applied, primarily to monitor or evaluate projects where improved health status had not ensued as expected, following the provision of improved facilities. Qualitative research methods were used to identify perceived social, cultural, and behavioral barriers to full or appropriate use of these facilities. (See, for example, the World Health Organization's Minimum Evaluation Procedure (MEP) for Water Supply and Sanitation Projects [Geneva: WHO, 1983] and M. Simpson-Herbert, Methods for Gathering Socio-Cultural Data for Water Supply and Sanitation Projects [Washington, DC: UNDP/World Bank, Technology Advisory Group, 1983].) Water and sanitation-related hygiene practices are complex, however, and the relationship between the provision of infrastructure, health education, and behavior change have remained perplexing. It continues to be a major concern, too, since morbidity and mortality worldwide is associated in many ways with poor sanitation, lack of potable water, and detrimental hygiene practices.

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Shan, Jun, Jin Xia Tian, Jian Lue, and Qi Si. "Discussion on the Using of TQC Theory in Project Management in Water Supply Engineering." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 4590–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.4590.

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The number of study about TQC theory in the project planning and construction period is more than project operation period. Taking the water supply project as an example, in the operation period of the project management mainly relates to the technical management and system management, and take advantage of facilities management theory , discussed water supply project in how to apply the theory of project management. In order to improve China's management level in water supply engineering.

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Zhang, Shanghong, Jiasheng Yang, Zhongyu Wan, and Yujun Yi. "Multi-Water Source Joint Scheduling Model Using a Refined Water Supply Network: Case Study of Tianjin." Water 10, no. 11 (November 5, 2018): 1580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10111580.

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Water shortage problems are increasing in many water-deficient areas. Most of the current research on multi-source combined water supplies depends on an overall generalization of regional water supply systems, which are seldom broken down into the detail required to address specific research objectives. This paper proposes the concept of a water treatment and distribution station (water station), and generalizes the water supply system into three modules: water supply source, water station, and water user. Based on a topological diagram of the water network (supply source–station–user), a refined water resource allocation model was established. The model results can display, in detail, the water supply source, water supply quantity, water distribution engineering, and other information of all users in each water distribution area. This makes it possible to carry out a detailed analysis of the supply and demand of users, and to provide suggestions and theoretical guidance for regional water distribution implementation. Tianjin’s water resource allocation was selected as a case study, and a water resource allocation scheme for a multi-source, combined water supply, was simulated and discussed.

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Zou, Jun Jun, and Qiong Hu. "Study on Residential Quarters' Water Supply and Drainage Design of Expressway Service Area." Advanced Materials Research 831 (December 2013): 245–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.831.245.

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The paper introduces Engineering characteristics of the expressway service area, summarizes the basic situations of the design of service area residential quarters water supply, landscaping, fire, rainwater and drainage system, discusses the pipe materials selection, pipe connection, pipe arrangements and laying and construction precautions in the process of the design of service area residential quarters water supply and drainage engineering, etc; in order to provide a reference for similar engineering.

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Hwang, H., A. Forrester, and K. Lansey. "Decentralized Water Reuse: Regional Water Supply System Resilience Benefits." Procedia Engineering 70 (2014): 853–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.02.093.

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Ambrosio, Julia K., Bruno M. Brentan, Manuel Herrera, Edevar Luvizotto, Lubienska Ribeiro, and Joaquín Izquierdo. "Committee Machines for Hourly Water Demand Forecasting in Water Supply Systems." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (January 8, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9765468.

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Prediction models have become essential for the improvement of decision-making processes in public management and, particularly, for water supply utilities. Accurate estimation often needs to solve multimeasurement, mixed-mode, and space-time problems, typical of many engineering applications. As a result, accurate estimation of real world variables is still one of the major problems in mathematical approximation. Several individual techniques have shown very good estimation abilities. However, none of them are free from drawbacks. This paper faces the challenge of creating accurate water demand predictive models at urban scale by using so-called committee machines, which are ensemble frameworks of single machine learning models. The proposal is able to combine models of varied nature. Specifically, this paper analyzes combinations of such techniques as multilayer perceptrons, support vector machines, extreme learning machines, random forests, adaptive neural fuzzy inference systems, and the group method for data handling. Analyses are checked on two water demand datasets from Franca (Brazil). As an ensemble tool, the combined response of a committee machine outperforms any single constituent model.

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Gromov, Grigorii, and Oleg Primin. "The use of a hydraulic electronic model to assess the functioning of the water supply network." E3S Web of Conferences 419 (2023): 01013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202341901013.

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Reliability and safety of centralized water supply are fundamental requirements for these systems — the most important component of public health and one of the key priorities of the state’s social policy. The development of water management and engineering infrastructure in Russian cities should be carried out under the draft schemes of water supply and sanitation. The water supply network is one of the most expensive and vulnerable elements of the city’s water supply system. A significant amount of statistical and operational information, the complex configuration and structure of urban water supply systems, and the uncertainty of water demand required the use of information technologies to survey the functioning of the city’s water supply network. The article presents their implementation based on the use of a hydraulic electronic model of a water supply network.

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Ernanda, Heru, and Idah Andriyani. "Water Supply Potential for Agropolitan Concept." Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung (Journal of Agricultural Engineering) 11, no. 4 (December 21, 2022): 625. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jtep-l.v11i4.625-635.

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One of the obstacles to the development of Tongas District - Probolinggo Regency as an agropolitan area is the Limited of availability of water in Tongas Village. Kelampok village only has technical fields area of 105 hectares (14.45%) and the rest are rain-fed. The goverment of Probolinggo regency plans to develop Kelampok Reservoir. This study aims to research the potential of land and water for development of Kelampok Reservoir as a Water source for agriculture. To develop the Kelampok Reservoir engineering model, required main discharge, the location of the reservoir plan, and flood discharge. The results of the main discharge calculation using tank model had a maximum discharge of 332 L/s in The first decade do March and The discharge si only available for November to May. Hydrologically and geologically, the study area has an average rainfall of 1,430 mm/y with the type of Oldeman Climate classification is D4 and dominated by regosol soil types (96.60%). Kelampok Reservoir is engineered with (i) the full capacity of catchment is 7.103 m3 and the effective capacity is 6,877 m³, (ii) the reservoir has a total width of 10.00 m and an effective width is 9.20 m, and (iii) planned to operate from early July to September (10 decades/10 days) with an discharge output of 789 L/d or 0.913 L/s. Key words: Agropolitan, Discharge, Irrigation, Natural Resource, Reservoir

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Shanmugasundaram, S. K., R. Prasad, and J. Fear. "Optimization of Complex Water Supply Network." Procedia Engineering 70 (2014): 1524–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.02.168.

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Wei, Xingya. "Research on the selection of pipe materials for water supply and drainage." E3S Web of Conferences 236 (2021): 02031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123602031.

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Municipal water supply and drainage project is one of the infrastructures that affects the planning of modern city construction. Therefore, it is required that the municipal water supply and drainage project can achieve economic, social and ecological benefits. As one of the basic elements of engineering project, the quality, performance and price of pipe materials have become a common concern in engineering construction. With the continuous development of modern science and technology, the type of water supply and drainage pipe has increased significantly. This paper briefly analyzes the properties, advantages and disadvantages, and application of common water supply and drainage pipes, hoping to provide some reference and help for the selection of pipe materials.

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Tokajian, S., and F. Hashwa. "Water quality problems associated with intermittent water supply." Water Science and Technology 47, no. 3 (February 1, 2003): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0200.

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A controlled study was conducted in Lebanon over a period of 12 months to determine bacterial regrowth in a small network supplying the Beirut suburb of Naccache that had a population of about 3,000. The residential area, which is fed by gravity, is supplied twice a week with chlorinated water from two artesian wells of a confined aquifer. A significant correlation was detected between the turbidity and the levels of heterotrophic plate count bacteria (HPC) in the samples from the distribution network as well as from the artesian wells. However, a negative significant correlation was found between the temperature and the HPC count in the samples collected from the source. A statistically significant increase in counts, possibly due to regrowth, was repeatedly established between two sampling points lying on a straight distribution line but 1 km apart. Faecal coliforms were detected in the source water but none in the network except during a pipe breakage incident with confirmed Escherichia coli reaching 40 CFU/100 mL. However, coliforms such as Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter agglomerans, E. cloacae and E. skazakii were repeatedly isolated from the network, mainly due to inadequate chlorination. A second controlled study was conducted to determine the effect of storage on the microbial quality of household storage tanks (500 L), which were of two main types - galvanized cast iron and black polyethylene. The mean bacterial count increased significantly after 7 d storage in both tank types. A significant difference was found in the mean HPC/mL between the winter and the summer. Highest counts were found April-June although the maximum temperature was reported later in the summer. A positive correlation was established between the HPC/mL and pH, temperature and storage time.

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Chauhan, Dinesh. "Pipe Size Calculation for Water Supply." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 2 (February 28, 2023): 262–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.49008.

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Abstract: A pipe designer or engineer has to solve complex math equation for calculating the diameter of pipe to determine how much water discharge it can be handled at a particular flow velocity. This article is an effort to make the calculation of water pipe size easier. The formula and factor derived in this document can be used for pipe diameter calculation for all types of normal water supply. Like – chilled water, raw water, soft water, cooling water, hot water and hydrant water at a particular flow velocity.

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Yin, Shi Jun, Xu Fang Sun, Li Na Tian, Meng Qiu Sun, Xiang Li, Ying Ying Shang, and Ming Zhang. "The Applications of BIM in the Building Water Supply and Drainage Engineering Design." Advanced Materials Research 1014 (July 2014): 271–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1014.271.

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In recent years, with the BIM technology application matures in the field of construction engineering in our country，BIM is becoming more and more widely applied in the field of building water supply and drainage design, the effects of it is becoming more and more profound. In view of this, in this paper, the application of BIM technology in building water supply and drainage engineering design, as well as the present problems of the BIM are analyzed.

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Okeola, O. G., and S. O. Balogun. "Estimating a municipal water supply reliability." Cogent Engineering 2, no. 1 (April 9, 2015): 1012988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23311916.2015.1012988.

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Bhushan, Bharat. "Bioinspired water collection methods to supplement water supply." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 377, no. 2150 (June 10, 2019): 20190119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2019.0119.

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Fresh water sustains human life and is vital for human health. Water scarcity affects more than 40% of the global population and is projected to rise. For some of the poorest countries, 1 in 10 people do not have access to safe and easily accessible water sources. Water consumption by man continues to grow with increasing population. Furthermore, population growth and unsafe industrial practices, as well as climate change, have put strain on ‘clean' water supply in many parts of the world, including the Americas. Current supply of fresh water needs to be supplemented to meet future needs. Living nature provides many lessons for water source. It has evolved species, which can survive in the most arid regions of the world by water collection from fog and condensation in the night. Before the collected water evaporates, species have mechanisms to transport water for storage or consumption. These species possess unique chemistry and structures on or within the body for collection and transport of water. In this paper, an overview of arid desert conditions and water collection from fog, and lessons from living nature for water collection are provided. Data on various bioinspired surfaces for water collection are also presented. Some bioinspired water purification approaches are presented. Next, consumer to military and emergency applications are discussed and water collection projections are presented. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Bioinspired materials and surfaces for green science and technology (part 2)’.

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Lauwaert, Alan J. "Water Quality and Regional Water Supply Planning." Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management 111, no. 3 (July 1985): 253–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9496(1985)111:3(253).

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Ryltseva, Yuliya A. "Special aspects of design solutions for indoor water supply systems of high-rise buildings." Vestnik MGSU, no. 11 (November 2022): 1499–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2022.11.1499-1512.

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Introduction. The subject of research is indoor cold water supply systems of high-rise buildings. They have a complex structure due to unique architectural features, the need to pump water to higher floors and compliance with reliability requirements applicable to engineering systems. High-rise buildings are often multi-functional, and this characteristic is implemented in the process of designing indoor water supply systems: it is necessary to take into account various classes of functional fire hazards typical for different areas inside a building, and equip individual rooms with automatic water extinguishing units. Of special importance is the energy efficiency of a water supply system, since pumping equipment and its mode of operation have the greatest influence on the system. The design of an indoor water supply system for any high-rise structure is always a compromise between the interests of investors (developers) and the regulations. The purpose of the study is to identify current trends in the design of indoor cold water supply systems for high-rise buildings (or complexes). Materials and methods. The overview is based on current regulatory and engineering documentation governing high-rise construction, as well as the research papers focused on the design of engineering systems of high-rise buildings. The author analyzed several designs of indoor water supply systems for multi-functional high-rise buildings, in respect of which positive opinions had been issued by the expert organizations. Results. It is established that up-feed parallel water supply systems, broken down into zones, are most widely used in the present-day projects of indoor water supply systems designed for high-rise buildings. Each water supply zone can serve 11 to 18 floors, and an increase in the number of floors within one zone reduces the energy efficiency of the system. Automatic fire extinguishing systems are an integral element of water fire extinguishing systems in multi-functional high-rise buildings. Any damage, inflicted by the false triggering of sprinklers, should be minimized at the stage of design. Conclusions. The author classified potential cold water supply systems for high-rise buildings, described their principle of operation, strengths, weaknesses, and applicability limits. The research project also encompasses the analysis of present-day designs of indoor cold water supply systems for multi-functional high-rise buildings.

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Lia, Yuting, and Mingxia Jing. "Application research of BIM technology in water supply and drainage engineering." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1168 (February 2019): 022045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1168/2/022045.

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ding, Li, and Li liwu. "Analysis of Water Supply and Drainage Construction Technology for Municipal Engineering." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 608 (December 10, 2020): 012003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/608/1/012003.

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Smaranda, Ionescu Daniela, Ionescu Gheorghe C-tin, and Carol Daroczi. "Failure mode and effect analysis of water supply systems." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. I (October 5, 2010): 255–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/i/8412.

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The present paper intends to overview the problems of the failure mode and effect analysis of water supply systems. The author’s efforts werechanneled to systemizing, classifying and adapting the content to the hydraulics engineering field.

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C-tin, Ionescu Gheorghe, Ionescu Daniela Smaranda, and Carol Daroczi. "Failure causes and effect analysis of water supply systems." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. I (October 5, 2010): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/i/8404.

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The present paper intends to overview the problems of the failure causes and effect analysis of water supply systems. The author’s efforts were channeled to systemizing, classifying and adapting the content to the hydraulics engineering field.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Water-supply engineering'

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