Relevant bibliographies by topics / Water treatment plant (WTP)

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Academic literature on the topic 'Water treatment plant (WTP)'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Water treatment plant (WTP)"

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Rahman, Arief, and Ali Masduqi. "Study of turbidity treatment in Karangpilang II Water Treatment Plant." Sustinere: Journal of Environment and Sustainability 1, no. 2 (December 29, 2017): 94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.22515/sustinere.jes.v1i2.12.

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Karangpilang II Water Treatment Plant (WTP) is a part of Karangpilang WTP of Surabaya Water Utilities that serves the water supply for Surabaya City. Karangpilang II WTP has the biggest clean water production capacity in Karangpilang WTP, which is 2500 L/s. Using conventional treatment to remove turbidity, the treatment plant in Karangpilang II WTP consists of pre-sedimentation, clearator and filter units. In this study, evaluation of turbidity quality in production water and turbidity removal efficiency were conducted to analyze the Karangpilang II WTP performance in turbidity treatment. The evaluation was conducted using the 2016 data, by comparing the turbidity of production water with the Water Quality Standard of the Water Utilities, and by comparing the turbidity of raw water, effluents of each treatment unit and production water. The evaluation result showed that in the case of Karangpilang II WTP turbidity removal performance, there were some occurrences that the turbidity in production water has not met the standard quality. The results also showed that there was a unit in the Karang Pilang II WTP with inadequate performance in turbidity removal, namely pre‑sedimentation unit. There are some solutions for the problem of turbidity removal in Karangpilang II WTP: increasing the maintenance schedule for pre-sedimentation unit; determining the proper turbidity reference in determination of coagulant dose; optimizing the coagulant dose; using produced sludge from water treatment as coagulant aid along with Al2SO4; and using capping material in filter unit.
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Szpak, Dawid, and Barbara Tchórzewska-Cieślak. "Analysis and assessment of water treatment plant reliability." Journal of KONBiN 41, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jok-2017-0002.

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Abstract The subject of the publication is the analysis and assessment of the reliability of the surface water treatment plant (WTP). In the study the one parameter method of reliability assessment was used. Based on the flow sheet derived from the water company the reliability scheme of the analysed WTP was prepared. On the basis of the daily WTP work report the availability index Kg for the individual elements included in the WTP, was determined. Then, based on the developed reliability scheme showing the interrelationships between elements, the availability index Kg for the whole WTP was determined. The obtained value of the availability index Kg was compared with the criteria values.
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Orlov, Alexander, Marina Belkanova, and Nikolay Vatin. "Structural Ceramics Modified by Water Treatment Plant Sludge." Materials 13, no. 22 (November 23, 2020): 5293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13225293.

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Water treatment plant (WTP) sludge is actively used in building materials production. The object of this research was modifying additives for ceramic bricks from WTP aluminium-containing sludge. The research aim of this study was to determine the suitability of a million-plus population city’s WTP sludge as a burning-out additive in the production of structural ceramics and to establish the optimal conditions for obtaining products with the best characteristics. The raw water belongs to water belongs to the hydrocarbonate class, the calcium group, and it is of low turbidity (1.5–40 mg/L kaolin). Sludge, sourced from WTP sedimentation tanks, was dewatered by adding lime or by using the freezing-thawing method. The spray-dried WTP sludge is introduced into the clay in amounts of 5% to 20% by weight. The addition of 20% reduces the sensitivity of the clay to drying, reduces the density of ceramic by 20% and simultaneously increases its compressive strength from 7.0 to 10.2 MPa. The use of WTP sludge as a modifying additive, pretreated by the freezing-thawing method, makes it possible to obtain ceramic bricks with improved properties. The results can be used for WTP sludge containing aluminium obtained by treating water of medium turbidity and medium colour.
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Swarts, R. J., and J. J. Schoeman. "An investigation into a treatment strategy for the Berg River water at the Voëlvlei water treatment plant." Water Supply 12, no. 1 (February 1, 2012): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2011.118.

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The main aim of this study was to determine a treatment strategy for the Berg River water at the Voëlvlei water treatment plant (WTP). Jar tests were conducted using ferric and aluminium sulphate as coagulants to determine the optimum treatment parameters of the Berg River water and the Voëlvlei WTP raw water. The results for the Voëlvlei WTP raw water and the Berg River water with ferric sulphate as the coagulant showed an optimum Fe3+ dosage of 3.0–4.0 mg/L and 4.0–6.0 mg/L, respectively, with an optimum coagulation pH range of 6.6–9.5 and 5.0–10.0, respectively. The results with aluminium sulphate as the coagulant showed an optimum Al3+ dosage of 2.5–3.0 mg/L and 4.0–5.0 mg/L, respectively, with an optimum coagulation pH of 6.0–7.0 and 6.0, respectively. This study concluded that the Berg River water cannot be effectively treated at the Voëlvlei WTP using the plants treatment parameters, even if it is blended with the Voëlvlei WTP raw water. The best treatment strategy for the Berg River water would be pre-treatment using either ferric sulphate or the MIEX® resin on its own, or in conjunction with one another.
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Omar, Imad Ali. "Evaluation of Water Quality and the Efficiency of Ifraz-2 Water treatment plant-Units." Journal of University of Raparin 6, no. 2 (October 23, 2019): 121–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.26750/vol(6).no(2).paper9.

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Abstract: Water treatment plant (WTP) is essential for providing clean and safe water to the habitants. There is a necessity to evaluate the performance of (WTP) for proper treatment of raw water. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the quality of treated water by investigating the performance of Ifraz-2 (WTP) units located in Erbil City, Iraq. For assessment of the (WTP) units, samples were taken for a duration of five months from different locations: raw water (the source), post-clarification processes, post-filtration processes, and from the storage tank. Removal efficiencies for the units, and for the whole (WTP) were calculated and presented. Obtained removal efficiencies for the sedimentation unit; filtration unit; and the entire Ifraz-2 (WTP) were 91.51 %, 64.71 %, and 97.29 %, respectively. After the process of disinfection and storage, the valued of the turbidity of the treated water were ranged from 1.2 to 9.7 (Nephelometric Turbidity Units) NTU. Besides, water quality index (WQI) for the (WTP) was studied and calculated for 14 physicochemical water quality parameters. WQI for Ifraz-2 (WTP) was 51.87 and it is regarded as a good level. Also, operational problems have been detected and reported during the research period, especially during sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection. Suitable solutions have been reported to the operational team.
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Huang, C., J. R. Pan, K. D. Sun, and C. T. Liaw. "Reuse of water treatment plant sludge and dam sediment in brick-making." Water Science and Technology 44, no. 10 (November 1, 2001): 273–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0639.

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In this study, an attempt was made to use water treatment plant (WTP) sludge and dam sediment as raw materials for brick-making through the sintering process. The sinter of dam sediment fired at 1,050°C had a less than 15% ratio water absorption, and its compressive strength and bulk density met the Chinese National Standard (CNS) for first level brick. The WTP sludge sinter made under the same operating condition exhibited higher water absorption, larger shrinkage, but poorer compressive strength. When fired at 1,100°C, the shrinkage of the WTP sludge sinter was as high as 45%, although its compressive strength and water absorption of WTP sludge brick still met the standard for the first level brick. To reuse WTP sludge in an economical way, mixtures of various proportions of WTP sludge to dam sediment are used as raw materials. A satisfactory result was achieved when the ratio of the WTP sludge was less than 20% of the mixture. Results of tests indicated that the sinter of dam sediments which are fired at a temperature of 1000~1100°C has reached the requirement for tile brick.
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Hanamoto, T., D. Nagashio, and T. Sasaki. "Integration of water treatment, environmental and information technologies: Amagasaki project." Water Supply 2, no. 5-6 (December 1, 2002): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2002.0168.

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The Hanshin Water Supply Authority (HWSA) supplies drinking water to approximately 2.4 million consumers in the Hanshin area, including the city of Kobe. The HWSA has completed a project integrating two aging plants into a new water treatment plant (Amagasaki WTP) with a capacity of 373,000 m3 per day. The Amagasaki WTP has three significant special merits: water treatment, environmental, and information technology. The water treatment system is based on a multiple-barrier concept that estimates the value of water treatment technology not by individual processes, but by the overall performance of the system. The treatment train consists of coagulation/sedimentation, ozonation/activated carbon fluidized-bed adsorption, and coagulation/high-rate filtration, most of which fully utilize upward-flow. The key environmental technology characteristic of the new WTP is its achievement of zero-emissions. This design reduces CO2 discharge from the plant, as well as making it possible to completely recycle the sludge as an alternate material of agricultural and horticultural soils. Improvement of customer relations is a feature of the information technology. The authority provides information on the safety of the finished drinking water, watershed management, and the maintenance of source water quality. A visitors' area and emergency water supply facility for use in disasters have also been set up at the WTP. The Amagasaki WTP started commercial operation in April 2001. The completion of this renovated plant will significantly raise the quality of service to the customers.
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Filho, Sidney Seckler Ferreira, Roque Passos Piveli, Silvana Audrá Cutolo, and Alexandre Alves de Oliveira. "Water treatment plant sludge disposal into stabilization ponds." Water Science and Technology 67, no. 5 (March 1, 2013): 1017–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.652.

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Researchers have paid particular attention to the disposal of sludge produced in water treatment plants (WTPs) into wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) for further processing, mainly because it is considered an attractive alternative for the treatment of waste generated in water production processes. This study evaluated the effects of flow equalization and disposal of sludge, from a conventional WTP, into a WWTP system that includes an anaerobic stabilization pond followed by a facultative pond. During the period of sludge discharge from the WTP into the wastewater system, the influent to the WWTP presented an increase of 17% (from 171 to 200 mg L−1) of total suspended solids (TSS) and a 7.0% flow rate increase, without showing adverse effects on the organic load, TSS and nutrients removal. The most significant impact observed in the WWTP was the increase of solids accumulation rate in the anaerobic pond, with a value of 141 mm/year during the sludge discharge period. The operating time, before the dredging and desludging cycles required for this specific anaerobic pond, decreased from 12.7 to 10.4 years, which is consistent with previous studies in literature. Thus, based on the observed parameters of this study, it is viable to release solids from a WTP effluent into a WWTP that includes anaerobic stabilization ponds followed by a facultative pond. Indeed, this process scheme becomes a viable technical, environmental, and economical alternative for small to medium WWTPs.
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Thorne, O. M., and R. A. Fenner. "Modelling the impacts of climate change on a water treatment plant in South Australia." Water Supply 8, no. 3 (September 1, 2008): 305–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2008.075.

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The simplified climate change impact assessment tool (SCIAT) has been developed to address the specific needs of the water industry and provides a tool to translate climate change projections into ‘real world’ impacts. Its application is demonstrated in this study to assess the impacts of climate change on the reservoir water quality and water treatment plant (WTP) operations at Myponga, South Australia. The primary aim is to provide water treatment plant operators with knowledge of the potential impacts and associated probabilities of occurrence of climate change, enabling them to make informed, risk-based adaptation and planning decisions. It was found that climate change alone poses little risk to WTP operations, with the WTP able to operate as normal under all future climate scenarios. This finding not only reflects the specific catchment characteristics of Myponga, but also the assumptions made in this study. When interpreting these findings to develop comprehensive adaptation plans, operators must also take into account potential non-climate changes such as land use and demand.
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da Silva, E. M., D. M. Morita, A. C. M. Lima, and L. Girard Teixeira. "Manufacturing ceramic bricks with polyaluminum chloride (PAC) sludge from a water treatment plant." Water Science and Technology 71, no. 11 (March 20, 2015): 1638–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.132.

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The objective of this research work is to assess the viability of manufacturing ceramic bricks with sludge from a water treatment plant (WTP) for use in real-world applications. Sludge was collected from settling tanks at the Bolonha WTP, which is located in Belém, capital of the state of Pará, Brazil. After dewatering in drainage beds, sludge was added to the clay at a local brickworks at different mass percentages (7.6, 9.0, 11.7, 13.9 and 23.5%). Laboratory tests were performed on the bricks to assess their resistance to compression, water absorption, dimensions and visual aspects. Percentages of 7.6, 9.0, 11.7 and 13.9% (w/w) of WTP sludge presented good results in terms of resistance, which indicates that technically, ceramic bricks can be produced by incorporating up to 13.9% of WTP sludge.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Water treatment plant (WTP)"

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Chao, Iara Regina Soares. "Remoção de fósforo de efluentes de estações de tratamento biológico de esgotos utlizando lodo de estação de tratamento de água." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3147/tde-14122006-145950/.

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O fósforo é apontado como o principal responsável pelo enriquecimento nutricional de mananciais de abastecimento público, desencadeando por meio do fenômeno de eutrofização, a floração de grupos algais tóxicos e, portanto a sua remoção passa a ter grande significado para a saúde pública e para o meio ambiente. O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com os objetivos de: avaliar a eficiência de remoção de fósforo do efluente de um sistema convencional de lodos ativados (Estação de Tratamento de Esgotos de Barueri) pelo lodo de uma estação de tratamento de água, que utiliza sulfato de alumínio como coagulante (Estação de Tratamento de Água do Alto Cotia) e verificar a influência das seguintes variáveis nesta remoção: tempo de permanência do lodo no decantador, dosagem de lodo, potencial zeta, teor de matéria orgânica no lodo, pH da mistura lodo/efluente e uso de polímero na coagulação/floculação da água bruta. Para o desenvolvimento prático da pesquisa, foram realizados ensaios de jarros, variando as condições operacionais, de tal forma a averiguar o efeito das variáveis mencionadas anteriormente na remoção do fósforo. Observou-se que esta remoção era dependente do pH; da dosagem de lodo; do tempo de permanência do mesmo no decantador; do tempo de mistura e da presença de polímero. Independia do potencial zeta e do tempo de sedimentação. A máxima remoção obtida foi de 100% (concentração inicial de 2,9 mg P/L), em pH de 4,5, com dosagem de 37 mg lodo/L, tempo de mistura de 15 minutos a 40 s-1 de gradiente, tempo de sedimentação de 30 minutos, tempo de permanência do lodo no decantador de 80 dias, sem polímero. Nestas condições, a concentração de fósforo do efluente tratado foi de 0,01mg P/L. Os resultados obtidos no presente trabalho sinalizam uma alternativa tecnológica, que pode vir a ser utilizada em projetos sustentáveis, em que as estações de tratamento de esgotos e estações de tratamento de água sejam planejadas de forma integrada, considerando o reaproveitamento e encaminhamento do lodo de ETA como insumo a ser utilizado no fim do processo de tratamento de esgotos para remoção de fósforo do efluente final, em consonância com os conceitos de produção mais limpa na busca da qualidade.
Phosphorus is considered as the main responsible for the nutritional enrichment of reservoirs of public drinking water supplies, because eutrophication process has resulted in toxic algae blooms, and therefore its removal has a great significance since these toxins represent a public health risk and environment. The aim of this research work was to evaluate the efficiency of removal of phosphate from activated sludge process (Barueri Wastewater Treatment Plant) by sludge from water treatment plant that uses aluminum sulfate as coagulant (WTP Alto Cotia) and verify the influence of following operational parameters in this removal: aging of sludge, sludge dose, zeta potential, mixing time, sedimentation time, concentration of organic matter, pH and use of polymer in coagulation/flocculation process. For the experimental research, the jar tests were operated with different conditions. The removal of phosphate was dependent of pH, sludge dose, aging of sludge, mixing time and presence of polymer. It was independent of zeta potential and sedimentation time. It was verified that maximum efficiency of phosphate removal was around 100% (initial concentration = 2,9 mgP/L), in pH 4,5 with the use of 37 mg of sludge from Alto Cotia Water Treatment Plant per liter of effluent from Barueri Wastewater Treatment Plant, with a mixing time of 15 minutes at 40 s-1, 30 minutes for sedimentation time, 80 days for aging of sludge, without polymer. Under these conditions it was obtained phosphate concentrations around 0,01mgP/L. Results obtained in this research work show a technological alternative, that can be used in projects, that sewage and water treatment plants can be planned together, considering the reuse and forwarding the water treatment plant sludge as beneficial use in the end of the sewage treatment process for the phosphorus removal, in consonance with concepts of a cleaner production practices in Environmental Management Systems.
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Rivera, Juan Carlos Escobar. "Tratamento e recuperação da água de lavagem dos filtros de uma estação de filtração direta e simulação da disposição dos lodos em estações de tratamento de esgoto." Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18138/tde-24012017-145426/.

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Foi pesquisada a aplicação de métodos, em nível de laboratório, através dos quais é possível otimizar, tratar e dispor resíduos de lavagem de filtros de estações de tratamento de água (Caso ETA do rio Descoberto - ETA-RD Brasília). Na clarificação da água de lavagem dos filtros, observou-se o efeito favorável da adição de polímero para melhorar a separação líquido-sólido é, portanto, as eficiências de remoção de turbidez, cor aparente, sólidos suspensos e coliformes totais. Observou-se melhor sedimentabilidade do lodo a ser desaguado. Os ensaios de centrifugação, em escala de bancada, mostraram que o método aplicado auxilia na determinação da dosagem a ser usada numa centrífuga em escala real. Foram avaliados três métodos de disposição do lodo adensado da ETA-RD em ETE: 1) sedimentação com esgoto sanitário e posterior digestão anaeróbia do lodo; 2) Digestão anaeróbia e 3) digestão aeróbia. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos com a digestão anaeróbia. Os estudos realizados mostraram que há diversas alternativas de tratamento e disposição desses resíduos, mas é necessário, sempre que possível, a avaliação das diferentes alternativas para selecionar a(s) mais apropriada(s) a cada caso em particular, pois fatores como custos e disponibilidade de de sistemas ou equipamentos, definirão a aplicabilidade ou não de determinado método.
It was researched the application of methods on laboratory bench scale to optimize the reuse, treatment and disposal of wastes from filter backwash of Water Treatment Plant - WTP (WTP-RD Descoberto River, Brasília case). In the clarification process of this waste, favorable effect of addition of polymer for best liquid-solid separation and, thus, better removal efficiencies of turbidity, apparent color, suspended solids and total coliforms was observed. Better sedimentability of the sludge occurred. The centrifugation tests showed that the applied method help on determination of dosagem to be used in full scale. Three methods to dispose thickened sludge of WTP-RD on wastewater treatment Plants - WWTP were evaluated: 1) Sedimentation with domestic sewage and anaerobic digestion of sludge; 2) Anaerobic digestion and 3) Aerobic digestion. Best results were obtained with anaerobic digestion. The results showed that there are alternatives of treatment and disposal of wastes of WTP, but is necessary, if possible, to make the evaluation of this alternatives to select the most appropriate(s) in each case because factors as costs, systems or equipments availability, will define the applicability or not of a particular method.
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Coxe, Paul Cameron. "An Examination of Hepatitis A Virus on Working Surfaces in a Waste Water Treatment Plant." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1533208035412584.

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Bolondi, Elisa. "Circular water resource management in water-scarce regions. The case of the TANQIA Wastewater Treatment Plant in Fujairah (United Arabian Emirates)." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/17823/.

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In the last decade, the importance of water for life and its sustainable management have become a central source of interest for governments and institutions. Water, like all the elements on planet Earth, is changing. The emerging global picture is that nearly a quarter of humanity already reside in water-scarce countries and water scarcity may proliferate to more regions. In this scenery, one sustainable strategy is represented by the so-called circular water resources management or water recycling: an integrated management of the resources for implementing administration plans that consider the water reuse as an integrated step of the design process. In the present work, the pilot project carried out at the TANQIA Wastewater Treatment Plant in Fujairah (U.A.E.) has been analysed. The project consists of a trial of two containerized pilot plants of about 15000 m3/year treatment capacity, that have been connected to the existing treatment line. This installation offers the possibility of testing, under real conditions, the capability of the units to produce clean water stripped of any contaminants that can be reused in unrestricted irrigation practices. The containers are equipped with ultrafiltration or nanofiltration membranes combined with an electrocoagulation unit, GAC filters and UV disinfection units. The combination of these multiple devices negates the need for any water treatment chemicals to be utilized. Water safety and functional parameters have been monitored during the trial period of January 2019 and February 2019. The resultant effluent met the stringent standards of the World Health Organization (WHO) for unrestricted irrigation. In the next two years, once that reliable water quality has been verified, the units will be manufactured pursuing an economical sustainable approach, in the UAE alongside other possible locations in the target markets of water-scarce, low-income countries across the MENA region.
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Katayama, Victor Takazi. "Quantificação da produção de lodo de estações de tratamento de água de ciclo completo: uma análise crítica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3147/tde-19072013-161144/.

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Grande parte do lodo gerado em ETAs no Brasil ainda é disposta em rios ou em aterros sanitários. Contudo, principalmente em grandes centros urbanos, condições de licenciamento ambiental restritivas e custos logísticos crescentes tem levantado interesse em usos benéficos para esse resíduo. Um obstáculo para a mudança de paradigma recai no fato de que muito raramente operadores e projetistas de ETAs nacionais conseguirem prever, com algum grau de confiabilidade, a massa e volume de resíduos produzidos pelo tratamento da água bruta. Geralmente, usa-se para esse fim fórmulas empíricas, que relacionam a produção de lodo à concentração de sólidos em suspensão totais (SST) na água bruta e à dosagem de produtos químicos. Os objetivos deste trabalho são: comparar o desempenho de dois dos principais métodos quantitativos de estimativa de produção de lodo o método de fórmulas empíricas, e o do balanço de massa; investigar a prática disseminada de se estimar a concentração de sólidos em suspensão totais na água bruta por meio de modelos de regressão linear com a turbidez como variável independente; e delinear condições para a aplicação dessa correlação. Foram utilizados dados de seis ETAs de ciclo completo operadas pela SABESP (ABV, Alto Cotia, Cubatão, Guaraú, Franca e Presidente Prudente), além de dados de monitoramento de 130 estações de monitoramento de águas superficiais da CETESB. Os resultados sugerem que a identificação de correlações significativas entre concentração de SST e turbidez é elusiva, e não constitui tarefa trivial. Do universo de 130 estações da CETESB, somente 7 apresentaram correlação significativa; das ETAs, somente Presidente Prudente. Modelos de regressão alternativos utilizando outras variáveis (cor, vazão média mensal e mês), combinadas com a turbidez ou isoladamente, foram desenvolvidos. Somente a inclusão do mês como variável categórica foi capaz de aumentar o poder explicativo do modelo baseado exclusivamente na turbidez, sugerindo que a relação entre turbidez e concentração de SST é variável sazonalmente. Mediante a comparação com balanços de massa, foram identificados alguns fatores que afetam o poder de predição da fórmula empírica desenvolvida pela American Water Works Association, algumas vezes de maneira drástica. Em geral, conclui-se que o uso de fórmulas empíricas principalmente em conjunto com modelos de regressão entre concentração de SST e turbidez possa não ser recomendável.
Most of the water treatment plant (WTP) residuals generated in Brazil is still discharged in water bodies, or disposed of in landfills. However, especially in large urban areas, ever stringent conditions for environmental permits e rising logistical costs have put into focus beneficial uses for those residuals. A major obstacle for paradigm change in that aspect lies in the fact that very rarely water treatment plant operators and designers are able to predict with some degree of certainty the mass and volume of residuals produced by the treatment process. Usually, empirical formulas are used for that end, which relates the residuals production rate to the concentration of total suspended solids (TSS) in the raw water, and the chemicals dose. The objectives of this work are: to compare the performance of two of the main quantitative estimation methods for residuals production the empirical formulas and the mass balance; to investigate the widespread practice of estimating the concentration of TSS using turbidity as a surrogate; and to identify the conditions under which such procedure is acceptable. For that end, data from six WTPs operated by SABESP (ABV, Alto Cotia, Cubatão, Guaraú, Franca e Presidente Prudente), plus 130 surface water monitoring stations operated by CETESB, was analyzed. Alternative regression models, employing other independent variables (color, average monthly flow and month) singly or in combination with turbidity, were developed. Only the inclusion of the month as a categorical variable was capable of enhancing the explaining power of the turbidity model, suggesting that the relation between turbidity and TSS concentration is seasonally variable. The results suggest that identification of such significant correlations between TSS concentration and turbidity is elusive at best, and doesn\'t amount to a trivial task. Out of the universe of 130 monitoring stations, in only 7 a good degree of correlation was found; of the WTPs, that was the case only in Presidente Prudente. Through the comparison with the mass balances, some factors that affect the predictive power of the American Water Works Association sometimes drastically a were identified. In general, it is concluded that the use of empirical formulas especially when combined with turbidity and TSS concentration regression models may not be recommended.
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Canale, Ivan 1977. "Caracterização microbiológica, parasitológica e físico-química da água de lavagem de filtros recirculada em ETA de ciclo completo = Microbiological, parasitological and physico-chemical characterization of filter backwash water recirculated in full cycle WTP." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/267710.

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Orientador: Cassiana Maria Reganhan-Coneglian
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Tecnologia
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Resumo: Estações de Tratamento de Água (ETA) de ciclo completo. Como o volume de ALF pode representar de 3 a 6% do volume de água tratada produzido na ETA, existe interesse cada vez maior no tratamento desse efluente para fins de recirculação junto com a água bruta aduzida à ETA. Entretanto, existe uma preocupação de que essa água residuária possa conter matéria orgânica, sólidos totais, metais, carbono orgânico, precursores de trihalometanos, cistos/oocistos de protozoários ou outras impurezas concentradas durante o processo de filtração. Este trabalho de pesquisa tem como objetivo caracterizar com base em parâmetros físico-químicos, microbiológicos e parasitológicos a água de lavagem de filtros gerada e recirculada na ETA Capim Fino, em Piracicaba / SP - Brasil. Foram avaliadas 12 amostras da água bruta do manancial que abastece a ETA (rio Corumbataí), ALF bruta, ALF clarificada (com o uso de polímeros auxiliares ou por simples sedimentação) e água filtrada da ETA. Para caracterização da ALF foram analisados os parâmetros físico-químicos: cloro residual, cor, turbidez, pH, alumínio solúvel, sólidos totais fixos, sólidos totais voláteis, sólidos sedimentáveis, carbono orgânico total e o potencial de formação de trihalometanos; os parâmetros microbiológicos: coliformes totais, Escherichia coli; e os protozoários patogênicos: Giardia spp. e Cryptosporidium spp. O monitoramento da ALF bruta apontou como principais características físico-químicas deste efluente elevados teores de turbidez, alumínio, carbono orgânico total, sólidos totais (fixos e voláteis), sólidos sedimentáveis e potencial de formação de THM. A clarificação da ALF com polímero aniônico possibilitou a redução na concentração dos diversos constituintes analisados. Giardia spp. foi detectada na água bruta (cinco resultados positivos e concentração de cistos variando de Abstract: Filter backwash water (FBWW) is the largest liquid waste generated in a conventional water treatment plant (WTP). As the volume of FBWW can represent from 3 to 6% of the volume of treated water produced in the WTP, there is an increasing interest in treatment and recycling of this effluent with raw water adducted to WTP. But FBWW would contain concentrated organic matter, total solids, metals, organic carbon, trihalomethanes (THM) precursors, cysts/oocysts of protozoa and other impurities which could be a concern. This research aims to characterize FBWW generated and recirculated in Capim Fino WTP in Piracicaba / SP - Brazil by physico-chemical, microbiological and parasitological analyses. Twelve samples of raw water from the river that supplies the WTP (Corumbataí river), raw FBWW, clarified FBWW (using auxiliary polymers or simple sedimentation) and filtered water were collected and evaluated. The physico-chemical parameters were: residual chlorine, color, turbidity, pH, soluble aluminum, total fixed and volatile solids, settleable solids, total organic carbon and THM potential formation; microbiological parameters: total coliforms and Escherichia coli; and pathogenic protozoa Giardia spp. and Cryptosporidium spp. Monitoring the raw FBWW pointed as the main physicochemical characteristics high levels of turbidity, aluminum, total organic carbon, total solids (fixed and volatile), sedimentary solids and THM potential formation. Clarification of FBWW with anionic polymer resulted in a reduction in the concentration of the various parameters. Giardia spp. was found in raw water (five positive results and cyst concentration ranging from Mestrado
Tecnologia e Inovação
Mestre em Tecnologia
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Söderbom, Olsson Tobias. "AN EVALUATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL REMOVAL TECHNOLOGIES AND BUSINESS MODEL STRATEGIES : FROM A WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANT AND SUPPLIER PERSPECTIVE." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-78869.

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Pharmaceutical residues are passing our wastewater treatment plants and flowing out in to the nature. The medical substances are built to affect different processes in our bodies, but also affect other species and increase the risk of developing multi resistant bacterial strains, not curable with antibiotics. This has made wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) interested in investing in pharmaceutical removal. This study describes what criteria that are important to consider when choosing technology for pharmaceutical removal, and presents a model for the WWTPs to use when choosing pharmaceutical removal technology. Secondly, the study presents a reasoning regarding business model concepts. These concepts are presented to aid suppliers of pharmaceutical removal technology, when designing their business models. The method of choice is a qualitative research study based on interviews and document analysis.
Aktiva läkemdelssubstanser passerar idag våra reningsverk oförändrade och rinner ut i naturen. Dessa substanser är tillverkade för att påverka olika biologiska processer i våra kroppar, men de påverkar också andra arter och ökar risken för att utveckla antibiotikaresistenta bakterier som vi inte kan bota oss från. Dessa risker har gjort reningsverk intresserade av att investera i läkemedelsrening. Denna studie beskriver vilka kriterier som är viktiga att överväga vid val av teknik för läkemedelsrening och presenterar sedan en modell som reningsverk kan använda när de väljer teknik för läkemedelsrening. Ett resonemang förs också kring olika affärsmodellskoncept som kan nyttjas av leverantörer av teknik för läkemedelsrening, när de utvecklar sina affärsmodeller. Den valda metoden för studien är baserat på ett kvalitativt förhållningssätt med intervjuer och dokumentanalyser.
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Deo, Anurag, and Bjerg Mette Axelsson. "Investigation of biochemical methane potential in Thái Nguyên city and Sông Công city in Vietnam." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Tema Miljöförändring, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-134552.

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Currently Vietnam is facing several problems with waste handling. For instance, a lot of the municipal organic solid waste is dumped at landfills, which contributes to environmental difficulties such as greenhouse gas emissions. Anaerobic digestion has proven to be an adequate method for solving environmental problems such as waste treatment, where biogas can be produced. The methane content in the biogas can subsequently be used as a prosperous energy source for heating, electricity and vehicle fuel. The production and utilization of biogas in Vietnam is in a developing face. However, there are issues that should be tackled to improve and expand the biogas production and use. In Vietnam the main substrate used for anaerobic digestion is animal manure as most of the biogas digesters are placed on farms. The purpose of this master thesis was to identify additional potential substrates for biogas production, with focus on Thái Nguyên city and Sông Công city in the Thái Nguyên province. In order to find suitable substrates, interviews and literature research were carried out in Vietnam. Subsequently biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests were performed for the identified and acquired substrates. The BMP-tests were first performed at Thái Nguyên University but as the results were inconclusive, further experiments were performed at Linköping University (Sweden) where eight substrates from the Thái Nguyên province were investigated. The identified substrates used for the BMP-tests were three types of beer waste from the Vicoba brewery in Thái Nguyên city, food waste from different restaurants in Sông Công city, fruit waste from the fruit market in Thái Nguyên and household vegetable waste. The highest methane yield could be observed for household vegetable waste (543 Nml/g VS) followed by beer waste (yeast) with a methane potential of 497 Nml/g VS. Beer waste (hops boiling) had the lowest methane potential with a value of 230 Nml/g VS. Estimation of the total methane potential in both cities together from food waste from restaurants, beer waste and sewage sludge from the upcoming waste water treatment plant (WWTP) in Thái Nguyen city were made by combining data from interviews, literature values and the BMP-results. The estimation showed that from Thái Nguyên City and Sông Công city about 137,500 m3 CH4/year can be produced from food waste from restaurants, about 1.7 millionCH4 m3/year can be produced from sludge from the WWTP in Thái Nguyên city (under construction) and there is also a possibility to produce about 10,700 m3 CH4/year from the beer brewery in Thái Nguyên city. Thus, the total estimated methane potential sums up to 1.8 million m3 CH4/year. The results show that Thái Nguyên city and Sông Công city have potential wastes that preferably could be used as substrates for biogas production which could add on to the biogas produced currently at farm level in the Thái Nguyên region.
I dagsläget står Vietnam inför svåra problem med rådande avfallshantering. En stor del av det organiska avfallet deponeras. Detta bidrar till miljöproblem som exempelvis utsläpp av växthusgaser. Kontrollerad rötning har visat sig vara en bra metod för avfallshantering av organiskt avfall, eftersom biogasen som produceras exempelvis kan användas som energikälla för matlagning, elektricitet och fordonsbränsle, samtidigt som avfallsmängden kraftigt reduceras. Utvecklingen av kommersiell biogasproduktion i Vietnam är fortfarande i ett inledande stadie. De främsta substraten för biogassubstratet som används i landet i nuläget är olika typer av gödsel med anledning av att de flesta rötkammare är placerade på bondgårdar. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka kompletterande potentiella substrat som kan användas för biogasproduktion i städerna Thái Nguyên och Sông Công som är belägna i provinsen Thái Nguyên. För att identifiera möjliga biogassubstrat genomfördes intervjuer på plats tillsammans med litteraturundersökningar. Vidare genomfördes metanpotentialbestämningar (BMP) för identifierade, utvalda och, erhållna substrat. Det visade sig ej vara möjligt inom tidsramen för besöket att genomföra BMP-testerna på ett fullgott sätt vid Thái Nguyêns universitet med anledning av begränsningar i metodförutsättningar, varför BMP-tester även genomfördes på Linköpings universitet. Totalt testades metanpotentialen för åtta olika substrat från städerna Thái Nguyên och Sông Công. De identifierade substraten som användes i BMP-studien var tre typer av bryggeriavfall från Vicoba bryggeri i Thái Nguyên, matavfall från olika restauranger i Sông Công, fruktavfall från fruktmarknaden i Thái Nguyên och hushållsavfall från ett hushåll i Thái Nguyên. Det högsta metanutbytet kunde observeras för matavfall från hushåll (543 Nml/g VS) följt av bryggeriavfall i form av jäst (497 Nml/g VS). Ölavfall från vörtkokning påvisade det lägsta metanutbytet av samtliga testade substrat motsvarande 230 Nml/g VS. En uppskattning av den totala metanpotentialen i de båda städerna från matavfall från restauranger, bryggeriavfall samt avloppsslam från reningsverket som är under uppbyggnad i Thái Nguyên genomfördes baserat på intervjuer, litteraturvärden samt genomförda metanpotentialtester (BMP). Uppskattningen visade att cirka 137 500 m3 CH4/år skulle kunna produceras från matavfall från restauranger, cirka 1,7 miljoner CH4 m3/år från avloppsreningsverksslam samt från ölbryggeriet i Thái Nguyên är det möjligt att producera cirka 10 700 CH4 m3/år. Sammantaget indikerar det en uppskattad metanpotential motsvarande ca 1,8 miljoner CH4 m3/år. Slutsatsen av den här studien visar att det finns stor potential för biogasproduktion i Thái Nguyên och Sông Công.
Developing strategies and methods for participatory planning in Thái Nguyên and Linköping
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Boucher, Alan Raymond. "Management strategies for a water treatment plant." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.292247.

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Cumbie, William E. "Effects of storage on water treatment plant sludges." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45542.

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The effects of in-basin storage of sludge on the iron, manganese, and TOC removal of water treatment plant (WTP) clarifiers and on the dewatering characteristics of sludge were examined. The use of chlorine dioxide as a preoxidant to retard observed detrimental effects was also investigated.

Sludge samples that were stored over a period of 120 days were found to release up to ten times the original supernatant concentration of iron and manganese from the sludge into the overlying supernatant liquor when sludge redox potential values decreased below +100 mV. Organic carbon also increased in the supernatant but to a lesser extent. Sludge dewatering characteristics as measured by specific resistance and capillary suction time were found to improve when sludge redox potential readings remained over 100 mV but varied greatly when readings were below this level.

Field monitoring and sampling of the clarifiers at Lee Hall WTP and Harwood's Mill WTP from April to July showed that the removal efficiencies of the clarifiers was not related to in-basin sludge storage. This conflicted with a later portion of the study and was thought to be due to the lack of standardized sampling techniques.

The final phase of the investigation dealt with the use of chlorine dioxide to retard the negative effects of in-basin storage of sludge. Sludge accumulation in clarifiers resulted in decreased iron and manganese removal efficiencies when chlorine dioxide was not used. Addition of chlorine dioxide improved the iron and manganese removal efficiencies of the clarifiers. Sludge dewatering characteristics were found to improve with the use of chlorine dioxide as a preoxidant.


Master of Science
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Books on the topic "Water treatment plant (WTP)"

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Shariff, Riyaz. Real-time artificial intelligence control and optimization of a full-scale WTP. Denver, Colo: Awwa Research Foundation, 2006.

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Hargrave, W. J. Belleville Water Treatment Plant. [Toronto]: Ontario Environment, 1990.

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Hargrave, W. J. Cornwall Water Treatment Plant. [Toronto]: Ontario Environment, 1990.

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Hargrave, W. J. Kingston Water Treatment Plant. [Toronto]: Ontario Environment, 1990.

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Hargrave, W. J. Windsor Water Treatment Plant. [Toronto]: Ontario Environment, 1990.

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Kargel, R. Grimsby Water Treatment Plant. [Toronto]: Ontario Environment, 1991.

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Hargrave, W. J. Peterborough Water Treatment Plant. [Toronto]: Ontario Environment, 1990.

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Hargrave, W. J. Cornwall Water Treatment Plant. [Toronto]: Ontario Environment, 1990.

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Schenau, Sibo van Ingen. Timmins Water Treatment Plant. [Toronto]: Ontario Ministry of the Environment, 1990.

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Schenau, Sibo van Ingen. Timmins Water Treatment Plant. [Toronto]: Ontario Ministry of the Environment, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Water treatment plant (WTP)"

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Shiva Shankar, Y., Kumar Ankur, Prashant Bhushan, and Devendra Mohan. "Utilization of Water Treatment Plant (WTP) Sludge for Pretreatment of Dye Wastewater Using Coagulation/Flocculation." In Advances in Waste Management, 107–21. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0215-2_8.

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Nurliyana, I., M. A. Fadzil, H. M. Saman, and W. K. Choong. "Waste Paper Sludge Ash (WPSA) as Binder in Solidifying Water Treatment Plant Sludge (WTPS)." In InCIEC 2015, 497–504. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-0155-0_43.

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Chapman, Richard G. "Water Treatment." In Power Plant Engineering, 464–520. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0427-2_15.

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Spellman, Frank R. "Water Treatment Operations." In Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations, 439–96. 4th edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2020.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003038351-19.

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Hameedi, Mohammad Jawed. "The ballast water treatment plant." In Environmental Studies in Port Valdez, Alaska: A Basis for Management, 17–38. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ln024p0016.

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Burris, Bruce, and James Smith. "Management of Water Treatment Plant Residuals." In Advances in Water and Wastewater Treatment, 543–82. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784407417.ch30.

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Spellman, Frank R. "Plant Security." In Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations, 27–58. 4th edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2020.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003038351-4.

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Spellman, Frank R. "Water Microbiology." In Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations, 301–26. 4th edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2020.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003038351-13.

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Spellman, Frank R. "Water Ecology." In Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations, 327–58. 4th edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2020.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003038351-14.

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Spellman, Frank R. "Water Quality." In Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations, 359–74. 4th edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2020.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003038351-15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Water treatment plant (WTP)"

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Rizki Syahputra, Luqvi, Rachmawan Budiarto, and Wahyu Wilopo. "Energy Saving Potency and Maintenance Costs Reduction in Water Treatment Plant (WTP) Pengok PDAM Tirtamarta Yogyakarta." In 2018 4th International Conference on Science and Technology (ICST). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icstc.2018.8528582.

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Hamidi, Eki Ahmad Zaki, Tiara Gustiana, Mufid Ridlo Effendi, and Pajar Abdul Malik Hambali. "Design and Implementation Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) of Flocculation Process of Water Treatment Plant (WTP) Using Raspberry Pi." In 2019 IEEE 5th International Conference on Wireless and Telematics (ICWT). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icwt47785.2019.8978240.

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Larasati, Sayidha, Eki Hamidi, and Mufid Effendi. "Design and Implementation Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) of Filtration Process of Water Treatment Plant (WTP) by Using Raspberry PI." In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Islam, Science and Technology, ICONISTECH 2019, 11-12 July 2019, Bandung, Indonesia. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.11-7-2019.2297520.

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Ahmad Zaki Hamidi, Eki, Mufid Ridlo Effendi, and Hasbi Ash Shiddiq. "Design and Implementation Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) of Sedimentation Process of Water Treatment Plant (WTP) by Using Raspberry PI 3 B." In 2018 4th International Conference on Wireless and Telematics (ICWT). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icwt.2018.8527736.

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Asrida, E. "Policy Evaluation of Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) Program in Laweyan Batik Village, Surakarta in Order Establishing Sustainable Development." In Proceedings of the First Brawijaya International Conference on Social and Political Sciences, BSPACE, 26-28 November, 2019, Malang, East Java, Indonesia. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.26-11-2019.2295187.

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Duignan, Mark R., Marissa M. Reigel, Kenneth J. Imrich, Michael L. Restivo, and Mark D. Fowley. "Wear Locations in Stainless Steel Pipe Fittings From the Turbulent Flow of a Liquid-Solid Slurry." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-53460.

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The United States Department of Energy (DOE) is building a Waste Treatment Plant (WTP) at the DOE Hanford Site in the state of Washington to process stored radioactive wastes for long-term storage and disposal. The Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) is helping resolve technical concerns with the WTP, which are related to piping erosion/corrosion (wear). SRNL is assisting in the design of a flow loop to obtain long term wear rates that will use prototypic simulant chemistry, operating conditions, and materials. The challenge is to accurately measure slurry wear to a pipe wall thickness tolerance of 47 microns/year anywhere in the test flow loop in a timely manner. A first step in such a test is to secure knowledge of high wear locations so that highly sensitive measurement techniques can be incorporated and properly located. Literature exists to help locate such wear locations in pipe and pipe fittings but most of the information deals with slurry flows that have significantly different velocities, different flows steams, e.g., steam, gas-liquid-solids, or made from different materials. To better estimate these high wear rate locations under the WTP conditions a separate pre-test flow loop was constructed and operated. This loop is referred to as the paint loop because it was internally coated with paint, which wears faster than the steel pipe, when a solids-laden slurry is circulated. The test flow conditions were a slurry velocity of 4 m/s in a 0.0762 -m (3-inch) Schedule 40 pipe system, resulting in Reynolds number just above 3 × 105, i.e., turbulent flow at a temperature of 25°C. The slurry was a mixture of water and sand, d50 ∼ 199 microns. This paper describes the test paint loop, its operation, and indicates the high slurry wear locations, as well as a comparison of those locations to existing literature sources.
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Brown, N., R. M. Cornell, and A. Staples. "Decommissioning and Demolition of Facilities Used for the Storage and Stabilisation of Water Reactor Sludge." In ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59097.

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Nuvia Limited was contracted to design, build and operate a waste treatment plant to stabilise a quantity of about 300m3 of active sludge stored in the External Active Storage Tanks (EAST) at the former United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA) research site at Winfrith, UK. At the end of this process both the old and new plants are to be decommissioned and demolished with the minimisation of waste material volumes. The sludge was produced in the Steam Generating Heavy Water Reactor (SGHWR), which is now in the early stages of decommissioning. As part of the reorganisation of UKAEA, responsibility for the site now lies with RSRL (Research Sites Restoration Limited) with funding provided by the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA). The process of stabilization of the SGHWR sludge from the EAST tanks within 500 litre stainless steel drums in the newly constructed Winfrith EAST Treatment Plant (WETP) was completed in March 2010. The plant will now enter a full decommissioning phase since no further work on any other waste materials has been identified by the client. This paper describes the development of a decommissioning plan for the mixture of old and new structures such that this next process can be undertaken without delay. This involved the completion of a decommissioning safety case together with supporting documents to demonstrate best practice and close attention to ALARP issues. The potential techniques for decommissioning are discussed leading to the final processes selected for this project. The challenges to be overcome, particularly with the older plant items where local contamination of their structures is suspected, are also identified and addressed. A process of recovery of concrete core samples for radiochemical analysis and their outcomes will be included. In contrast, the means by which the newer WETP facility was shown to be capable of unrestricted demolition as a result of the care taken during the design and construction phase will also be explained in the context of the practicalities, minimisation of the costs and timescale of such operations. Finally, issues concerning the minimisation of waste volumes, particularly where tritium contamination is present, are addressed within a UK-based disposal environment. The link between these outcomes and the planning and execution of the various structure surveillance tests will also be described and potential waste volumes identified. These considerations may be of interest to other groups undertaking similar projects on mixtures of older and more recent plants in varying states of contamination.
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Kimura, Ryuji, Fujio Yoshikubo, Kazuya Ehara, Nobuo Murakami, and Akihiro Kanno. "Evaluation for Nondestructive Crack Sizing Capability on Cracked Surface Treated by Water Jet Peening." In ASME 2013 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2013-97652.

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Water Jet Peening (WJP) is an approved mechanical mitigation technique that has been widely applied in Japanese nuclear power plants since 1999. WJP suppresses stress corrosion cracking (SCC) initiation in SCC susceptible materials which have been widely used in the fabrication of reactor internals [1]. Laboratory data shows that WJP is effective at mitigating or suppressing shallow crack propagation if the post application compression depth layer is deeper than the original crack depth and that WJP has no adverse effect on pre-existing cracks, such as crack propagation or acceleration of the crack propagation during and after WJP [2]. In addition, it has also been reported that WJP has no adverse effect on Ultrasonic testing (UT) sizing capability for pre-existing cracks in 304S.S. and Alloy 182 [3]. Based on these evaluation test results, Hitachi-GE Nuclear Energy, Ltd (HGNE) successfully applied WJP on the cracked surfaces of reactor internals in an operating Japanese nuclear power plant in 2011 [4]. Recently, to evaluate the applicability of this process in a PWR power plant, HGNE has performed an evaluation of Ultrasonic testing (UT) and Eddy Current Testing (ECT) sizing capabilities for surface cracks on a dissimilar metal weld coupon that had been mitigated utilizing the WJP process. No significant differences in their sizing capabilities were observed between the before and after WJP treatment test coupons. During this evaluation, it was also confirmed that surface residual stress on the coupon was improved from tensile to compressive (from max approximately 800MPa to min approximately −600MPa). As a result of this evaluation, it was determined that WJP has no adverse effect on UT and ECT sizing capabilities. In addition, HGNE has taken this knowledge and applied it to the development of a WJP tool for PWR Bottom Mounted Instrumentation (BMI) nozzles, which accommodates all the parameters used for this testing and enables HGNE to reduce the total application time as a result of the inclusion of advanced technological improvements.
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Duignan, Mark R., Marissa M. Reigel, Kenneth J. Imrich, Michael L. Restivo, and Mark D. Fowley. "Wear Rate to Stainless Steel Pipe From Liquid-Solid Slurry." In ASME 2016 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2016 Heat Transfer Summer Conference and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2016-1049.

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The United States Department of Energy is building a Waste Treatment Plant (WTP) at the DOE Hanford Site in the state of Washington to process stored radioactive wastes for long-term storage and disposal. The Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL) is helping resolve technical concerns with the WTP, which are related to piping erosion/corrosion (wear). SRNL is assisting in the design of a flow loop to obtain long term wear that will use prototypic simulant chemistry, operating conditions, and materials for total wear rate. The challenge is to accurately measure slurry wear to a pipe wall thickness tolerance of ∼47 microns/year anywhere in the test flow loop in a timely manner. To help in the design of the flow loop a test was performed with a smaller loop, which contained many of the pipe fittings expected in WTP to determine where high wear locations exist. One aspect of this test was to understand the rate of wear to straight pipe and to protrusions from the surface of the pipe. Initially, wear to straight pipe was studied because wear in other flow loop situations, e.g., around bends, through tees, etc. will be higher. To measure such low wear rates requires sensitive measurement techniques. To that end, twelve wear coupons were placed in one section of the pipe system and at different protrusion heights into the flow stream. They were made of 316L stainless steel, which is the expected material of pipe to be utilized. From the wear coupons, an estimate of wear rate was obtained, as well as illustrating when a protrusion above a pipe surface no longer disturbs the flow streams with respect to slurry wear. It appears when a surface is just above the laminar sublayer it produces a wear rate equivalent to a surface with no protrusions. The slurry was a mixture of water and 30 wt% of sand, d50 ∼ 200 microns. The test flow conditions were a velocity of 4 m/s in a 0.07793-m inside diameter (3-inch, Schedule 40) pipe system, resulting in Reynolds number just above 3 × 105, i.e., turbulent flow at a temperature of 25°C. The wear was to a vertically oriented straight section of pipe that was 1.86 meter long. The twelve wear coupons were located on the inside surface starting from 10 diameters from the pipe entrance to 21 diameters, with a separation of 1-pipe diameter between each successive coupon. Furthermore, each set of two adjacent coupons were rotated 180 degrees apart which were then rotated 30 degrees from the next set to minimize disturbance to the flow for the downstream coupon. This paper describes the wear rates obtained, the effect of increasing a wear coupon’s protrusion into the flow stream, and the overall operation of the test apparatus.
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Hagan, M., R. M. Cornell, B. Riley, and B. Ware. "Operational Experience With a Commercial Plant for Stabilisation of Radioactive Sludge and Other Materials in the United Kingdom." In ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16042.

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In 2000, Nuvia Limited was contracted to design, build and commission a waste treatment plant (WETP) to stabilise the active sludge stored in the External Active Storage Tanks (EAST) at UKAEA Winfrith, UK. The sludge was generated during the operational period of the prototype Steam Generating Heavy Water Reactor (SGHWR), which is now in the process of being decommissioned. This work supports UKAEA’s mission, which is to carry out environmental restoration of its nuclear sites and to put them to alternative uses wherever possible. Recently UKAEA has been reorganised and responsibility for the site lies with Research Sites Restoration Limited (RSRL) with funding provided by the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA). The process of stabilisation of the SGHWR sludge from the EAST tanks within 500 litre stainless steel drums in the Winfrith EAST Treatment Plant (WETP) using ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and blast furnace slag (BFS) is now almost complete. At this stage it was planned to decommission and demolish the WETP facilities but RSRL have introduced a further stabilisation project involving thorium metal waste ahead of the start of the planned decommissioning. As a result, the facilities are to be revised to provide for the encapsulation of bars of thorium metal within modified 500 litre drums together with a number of necessary changes to the plant control system. The cell line used for stabilisation consists of five operational cells separated by shield doors designed to maintain strict contamination control. There is a wet cell where the drums are filled with sludge and powder, a cell with stations for curing and grouting the drums, a cell for lidding, bolting and QA inspection, a maintenance and gamma monitoring cell and a buffer store to hold the completed drums. After completion, drums are moved in a shielded overpack to the Treated Radwaste Store located on a different part of the Winfrith site. In the revised cell line configuration the wet cell will be completely isolated and not used and the drums, after introduction, are to be taken to the original re-work cell located to one side halfway along its length. The modification to this cell to make it suitable for handling the thorium bars will be described together with changes to the drum design to centralize the bars ahead of their stabilisation under revised grouting arrangements using OPC and Pulverised Fly Ash (PFA). The final aspects of the paper will briefly describe the approach that is to be adopted for the final decontamination and demolition of both the EAST facility and WETP plant and associated buildings.
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Reports on the topic "Water treatment plant (WTP)"

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LUECK, K. J. WASTE TREATMENT PLANT (WTP) LIQUID EFFLUENT TREATABILITY EVALUATION. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/834437.

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Everett, Randy L., Tom Mayer, Malynda A. Cappelle, William E. ,. Jr Holub, Howard L. ,. Jr Anderson, Susan Jeanne Altman, Frank McDonald, and Allan Richard Sattler. Nanofiltration treatment options for thermoelectric power plant water treatment demands. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1051721.

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GRIFFIN PW. METHODS FOR DETERMINING AGITATOR MIXING REQUIREMENTS FOR A MIXING & SAMPLING FACILITY TO FEED WTP (WASTE TREATMENT PLANT). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/963956.

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Johnston, Angelina, Kevin O'Connor, and Todd Criswell. Sadr City R3 Water Treatment Plant Baghdad, Iraq. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada509338.

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HAMEL, W. F. WASTE TREATMENT & IMMOBILIZATION PLANT (WTP) HIGH LEVEL WASTE (HLW) CANISTER PRODUCTION ESTIMATES TO SUPPORT ANALYSES BY THE YUCCA MOUNTAIN PROJECT. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/830007.

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KRUGER AA, FENG Z, GAN H, and PEGG IL. INCONEL 690 CORROSION IN WTP (WASTE TREATMENT PLANT) HLW (HIGH LEVEL WASTE) GLASS MELTS RICH IN ALUMINUM & BISMUTH & CHROMIUM OR ALUMINUM/SODIUM. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/967367.

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Latham, Mark A., Rolfe D. Mandel, and Eric Peterson. Phase II Archaeological and Geomorphological Investigation Water Treatment Plant Upgrade, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada407579.

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Lewis, Mike. Recycled Water Reuse Permit Renewal Application for the Central Facilities Area Sewage Treatment Plant. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1170311.

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Crawford, C., P. Burket, A. Cozzi, G. Daniel, C. Jantzen, and D. Missimer. Radioactive demonstration of final mineralized waste forms for Hanford waste treatment plant secondary waste (WTP-SW) by fluidized bed steam reforming (FBSR) using the bench scale reformer platform. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1151781.

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Johnston, Angelina, Kevin O'Connor, and Yogin Rawal. Right Bank Drinking Water Treatment Plant Rehabilitation. Commander's Emergency Response Program, Ninewa Governorate, Iraq. Sustainment Assessment. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada529182.

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