Academic literature on the topic 'Water treatment plants'

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Journal articles on the topic "Water treatment plants"

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N.N., Mamatkulov. "Chemical Treatment Of Water In Ammophos Production Plants." American Journal of Agriculture and Biomedical Engineering 03, no. 06 (June 18, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajabe/volume03issue06-01.

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This paper presents purification methods for the analysis of effluents from an ammophos production plant. Chemical analysis of the waters shows that phosphorus slags and phosphogypsum contain harmful elements such as strontium, arsenic, cadmium, titanium and manganese. Theoretical work on the control of ammophos max wastewater. Wastewater was found to contain Ca, Mg, F, S, P, N2 and trace elements.
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Fahrenkamp-Uppenbrink, J. "ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE: Water Treatment Plants." Science 308, no. 5719 (April 8, 2005): 169a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.308.5719.169a.

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Mohiyaden, HA, LM Sidek, G. Hayder, and MN Noh. "Water Quality Assessment Klang River Water Treatment Plants." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.35 (November 30, 2018): 639. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.35.23075.

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The quality of Klang river water is deteriorating dramatically since it is in urban places every day and become one of the major problems. Therefore, the Malaysian government had initiated one river cleaning project named River of Life (ROL) project. This project is for rehabilitating and restoring the Klang river. A series of river water treatment plant (RWTP)s have been operated in Klang river catchment since 2014. Six RWTPs station has been monitored up to eight stations until presents. Eight parameters consisting of physio-chemical types and biological types have been recorded. RWTP effluent discharges are targeted to achieve Malaysia Interim National Water Quality Standard (INWQS) under Class II B. Since previous RWTP performance only emphasized on local river pollutants and certain conditions, this paper will investigate the effectiveness of full-scale RWTP unit process for river condition. Water quality assessment are involved which are consist of effluent water quality monitoring and pollutant removal efficiency. Most of the major pollutants able to be reduced by more than 50% reduction. Although BOD and AN still not able to achieve standard range gazetted by INWQS Class IIB, there is an improvement of river water quality at Klang River by using IFAS technology adopted in the RWTP system.
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Jofre, J., E. Ollé, F. Lucena, and F. Ribas. "Bacteriophage removal in water treatment plants." Water Science and Technology 31, no. 5-6 (March 1, 1995): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0563.

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Presence of bacteriophages was evaluated at different stages of two water treatment plants in order to investigate the usefulness of phages as model organisms for assessing the efficiency of the processes. Bacteriophages tested were somatic coliphages, F-specific coliphages and phages infecting Bacteroides fragilis. The presence of human enteric viruses was determined as well in the raw water, the finished water and in samples taken in the distribution network. Results show that in these particular treatment plants, which include prechlorination, phages infecting B. fragilis are more resistant to the treatment processes than the other two phages studied.
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Ohto, Tohru. "Process control of water treatment plants." Japan journal of water pollution research 11, no. 9 (1988): 536–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2965/jswe1978.11.536.

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Sawada, Shigeki. "Membrane filtration in water treatment plants." membrane 26, no. 5 (2001): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.5360/membrane.26.199.

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Rice, Rip G. "Ozone In USA Water Treatment Plants." Ozone: Science & Engineering 17, no. 5 (October 1995): i—ii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01919512.1995.10555760.

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Calkins, Donald C. "Handling Sludge From Water Treatment Plants." Opflow 11, no. 8 (August 1985): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8701.1985.tb00409.x.

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Calkins, Donald C. "Handling Sludge From Water Treatment Plants." Opflow 11, no. 9 (September 1985): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1551-8701.1985.tb00417.x.

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Skolubovich, Yury, Evgeny Voytov, Alexey Skolubovich, and Lilia Ilyina. "Cleaning and reusing backwash water of water treatment plants." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 90 (October 2017): 012035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/90/1/012035.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Water treatment plants"

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Momba, MNB, CL Obi, and P. Thompson. "Survey of disinfection efficiency of small drinking water treatment plants: Challenges facing small water treatment plants in South Africa." Water SA, 2008. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001759.

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Abstract A survey involving 181 water treatment plants across 7 provinces of South Africa: Mpumalanga, Limpopo, North West, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, Eastern Cape and Western Cape was undertaken to identify the challenges facing small water treatment plants (SWTPs) in South Africa . Information gathered included ownership and design capacity of the plants, water sources, and various methods of disinfection, equipment currently employed and performance of the treatment plants. In general, the majority (over 80%) of the SWTPs surveyed in the designated provinces were owned by the district municipalities. The designed capacities of these plants varied between 1 and 60 Mℓ/d; the smallest capacity was 100 m3/d and the largest 120 Mℓ/d. The small water treatment plants abstracted their raw water from either surface or groundwater or a combination of both water sources with greater preponderance for surface water sources (over 86%). Water treatment practices were noted to be the conventional types mainly coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration and disinfection. Two types of coagulants namely polyelectrolyte (66%) and alum (18%) were commonly used by the water treatment plants across the provinces studied. Rapid gravity filtration, pressure filter and slow sand filtration systems accounted for 60%, 23% and 9% of the filtration systems across the provinces, respectively. The predominant types of disinfectants employed were chlorine gas (69%) followed by sodium (15%) and calcium (14%) hypochlorite. Over 50% of the various SWTPs did not comply with the SANS 241 Class I (< 1 NTU) and Class II (1 to 5 NTU) recommended turbidity values. The recommended target range of 0.3 to 0.6 mg/ℓ free chlorine residual concentrations at the point of use was not always met by 40% of the plants. Seventy percent of the SWTPs complied with the SANS 241 criteria of microbiological safety of drinking water vis-à-vis total and faecal coliforms. Operational problems affecting the efficiency of small water treatment plants included: inability to appropriately determine the flow rate, chemical dosage and turbidity, lack of chlorine residual at the point of use and lack of water quality monitoring. To produce safe drinking water, appropriate operational practices must be implemented in all small water treatment plants.
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Gang, Dianchen. "Modeling of THM and HAA formation in Missouri waters upon chlorination /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3025619.

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Young, Kevin Bradley. "Development of Operational Strategies to Minimize Bromate Formation in the Moorhead Water Treatment Plant." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27277.

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A recent study at the Moorhead water treatment plant (MWTP) determined that bromate formed during ozone disinfection and, at times, exceeded the maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 10 parts per billion (ppb) in the summer months. Operational data showed that bromate formation was directly related to raw water bromide concentration and control of the ozone system. This study was conducted with the purpose of developing and implementing operational strategies to minimize bromate formation in the MWTP. Several operational changes, including selection of source water based on bromide concentration and controlling ozone addition in a manner that reduces the ozone dose used to achieve disinfection, were implemented and were effective at minimizing bromate formation in the ozone chambers. The bromate concentration in the finished drinking water was significantly reduced and only a few samples contained greater than 10 ppb bromate.
Moorhead Public Service
American Water Works Association
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Cortés, de la Fuente Christian. "Supervisory systems in waste water treatment plants: sistematise their implementation." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7777.

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La implantació de Sistemes de Suport a la presa de Decisions (SSD) en Estacions Depuradores d'Aigües Residuals Urbanes (EDAR) facilita l'aplicació de tècniques més eficients basades en el coneixement per a la gestió del procés, assegurant la qualitat de l'aigua de sortida tot minimitzant el cost ambiental de la seva explotació. Els sistemes basats en el coneixement es caracteritzen per la seva capacitat de treballar amb dominis molt poc estructurats, i gran part de la informació rellevant de tipus qualitatiu i/o incerta. Precisament aquests són els trets característics que es poden trobar en els sistemes biològics de depuració, i en conseqüència en una EDAR. No obstant, l'elevada complexitat dels SSD fa molt costós el seu disseny, desenvolupament i aplicació en planta real, pel que resulta determinant la generació d'un protocol que faciliti la seva exportació a EDARs de tecnologia similar.
L'objectiu del present treball de Tesi és precisament el desenvolupament d'un protocol que faciliti l'exportació sistemàtica de SSD i l'aprofitament del coneixement del procés prèviament adquirit. El treball es desenvolupa en base al cas d'estudi resultant de l'exportació a l'EDAR Montornès del prototipus original de SSD implementat a l'EDAR Granollers. Aquest SSD integra dos tipus de sistemes basats en el coneixement, concretament els sistemes basats en regles (els quals són programes informàtics que emulen el raonament humà i la seva capacitat de solucionar problemes utilitzant les mateixes fonts d'informació) i els sistemes de raonament basats en casos (els quals són programes informàtics basats en el coneixement que volen solucionar les situacions anormals que pateix la planta en el moment actual mitjançant el record de l'acció efectuada en una situació passada similar).
El treball està estructurat en diferents capítols, en el primer dels quals, el lector s'introdueix en el món dels sistemes de suport a la decisió i en el domini de la depuració d'aigües. Seguidament es fixen els objectius i es descriuen els materials i mètodes utilitzats. A continuació es presenta el prototipus de SSD desenvolupat per la EDAR Granollers. Una vegada el prototipus ha estat presentat es descriu el primer protocol plantejat pel mateix autor de la Tesi en el seu Treball de Recerca. A continuació es presenten els resultats obtinguts en l'aplicació pràctica del protocol per generar un nou SSD, per una planta depuradora diferent, partint del prototipus. L'aplicació pràctica del protocol permet l'evolució del mateix cap a un millor pla d'exportació.
Finalment, es pot concloure que el nou protocol redueix el temps necessari per realitzar el procés d'exportació, tot i que el nombre de passos necessaris ha augmentat, la qual cosa significa que el nou protocol és més sistemàtic.
The decision support systems (DSS) implemented in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) make easier the application of better techniques based on the knowledge to manage the process, insuring the effluent quality and minimising the economical costs of its exploitation. The knowledge-based systems are characterised by its capability of working in ill structured domains, and with relevant information of type qualitative or uncertain. These are the characteristics that could be found in the biological systems treatments, and consequently in a wastewater treatment plant. However, the high complexity of the DSS makes very expensive their design, development and the application in a real WWTP, and because this reason it is very important the generation of a protocol that makes easier the exportation of the program to other similar plants.
The objective of the present document is the development of a protocol that makes easier the systematic exportation of DSS and the reuse of the process knowledge acquired previously. The document is developed in basis on the study case from the DSS exportation from the Granollers WWTP to Montornès WWTP. This knowledge-based system integrates two kinds of systems based on knowledge, concretely the rule-based systems (which are programs that simulate the human reasoning and its capability of problem solving using the same information sources) and the case-based reasoning systems (which are informatic programs based on knowledge that solve the current abnormal situations in the plant by means of retrieving the executed action in a similar past situation).
The document is structured in different chapters, in the first chapter; the lector is introduced in the DSS domain and in the wastewater treatment domain. Afterwards the objectives are defined and the materials and methods used are explained. Following, the Granollers DSS prototype is presented. Once, the prototype is explained, the first protocol made by the author in his research work is presented. Afterwards, the results obtained from the protocol application to export the DSS to other plant are presented. The real application of the protocol allows making better itself.
In conclusion, the new protocol reduces the needed time to make the exportation process, although the new protocol needs more steps to make the same work, this means that it is more systematic.
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Malan, Cheryl. "The efficiency of drinking water treatment plants in removing immunotoxins." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_5762_1308732795.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of water treatment processes of two drinking water plants to remove immunotoxins and steroid hormones. Raw and treated drinking water was screened for effects on inflammatory activity using the biomarker IL-6, humoral immunity using the biomarker IL-10 and cell mediated immunity using the biomarker IFN-&gamma
. In vitro human whole blood culture assays were used in order to elucidate potential immunotoxicity.

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Montaña, Guerra Montserrat. "Optimization of alpha emitter's determination in water. Behavior of radionuclides in water treatment plants." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/129458.

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La determinació de l’índex alfa total en aigües és d’interès per ser un dels paràmetres inclòs en la legislació nacional e internacional associada a la qualitat de l’aigua per al consum humà. Aquest índex informa de la concentració d’emissors alfa continguts en l’aigua referits a un patró emissor alfa. Concretament en el nostre país, el control de la qualitat de l’aigua està regulat pel Reial Decret 140/2003. La determinació de l’índex d’alfa total en aigües és un assaig aparentment senzill, però a conseqüència de la variabilitat isotòpica que pot presentar una aigua i els procediments utilitzats, es poden obtenir resultats molt diferents, inclús en ordres de magnitud. A més a més, en certs casos el valor de l’índex alfa total no concorda amb el valor obtingut al sumar les activitats dels emissors alfa determinats en la mostra d’aigua. Per tot això es considera necessari dur a terme un estudi experimental, en el qual es determinin tots els possibles factors que influeixin en la variabilitat dels resultats i realitzar un procediment suficientment detallat en el qual s’estableixi tant l’ interval de validació com les condicions més adequades d’utilització, de forma que es pugui garantir que el resultat que s’obté sigui el més representatiu possible i que aquesta variabilitat romanent es tingui en compte en la determinació de la incertesa associable al resultat. Per una altra banda, a causa de la gran importància de l’aigua i les cada cop més exigents disposicions legals en quant a la depuració d’aigües residuals i tractament d’aigua potable, la construcció d’estacions de tractaments han anat incrementant notablement en els últims anys en un gran nombre de països. Com a conseqüència, grans quantitats de residus sòlids o llots son generats cada any com a subproducte d’aquestes plantes de tractament, per als quals s’apliquen diferents alternatives d’aprofitament i eliminació. Durant els processos habituals de tractament per a l’obtenció d’aigua potable i de depuració d’aigua residual, els isòtops radioactius es poden distribuir en les diferents etapes dels cicles de tractament, com les resines d’intercanvi, carbó actiu, filtres, membranes, materials absorbents i finalment en els subproductes produïts (fangs o llots), on es pot concentrar-se un percentatge elevat d’isòtops radioactius. Les aigües més afectades per la radioactivitat natural son les aigües d’aqüífers subterranis, ja que els processos de circulació lenta afavoreixen la seva incorporació. Els isòtops presents generalment a les aigües són els isòtops naturals d’Urani i Radi, 210Pb, 210Po, 222Rn i el 40K. També existeix la possibilitat de contaminació amb isòtops d’origen artificial que provenen de la indústria nuclear i de les probes nuclears. Per tant es considera d’interès realitzar un estudi detallat de la distribució dels isòtops radioactius en les diferents fases dels processos de potabilització i depuració convencionals o amb nous mètodes i en els subproductes generats per tal de poder valorar el possible impacte radiològic associat a la potabilització i reutilització de les aigües i dels subproductes.
Gross alpha activity measurement is one of the simplest radioanalytical procedures which are widely applied as screening techniques in the fields of radioecology, environmental monitoring and industrial applications. It is used as the first step to perform a radiological characterization of drinking water. According to the WHO guidelines (2011), this screening parameter must be measured in drinking water to ensure that it is safe for consumption. Different methods are used to measure gross alpha activity. Two of them, the classic ones, are based on evaporation (EPA, 1980) or co-precipitation (EPA, 1984) of the sample, using either a gas proportional counter or a solid scintillator detector. Another alternative method based on concentration of the sample and measurement by liquid scintillation counting (ASTM, 1996), is being increasingly used. The gross alpha activity of a water sample is an estimate of the actual alpha activity of the water sample (excluding radon). However, it is usually considered that gross alpha activity must be very close to the sum of alpha emitter activities, though in general this is not the case. There are many other factors (e.g., alpha particle energies, calibration standard used, time elapsed from sample preparation to measurement and variability of the results between methods) that affect the gross alpha measurement causing major differences between the gross alpha activity values and the sum of the activities of the main alpha emitters. For this reason, we propose to conduct an eminently experimental study to determine most of the possible factors that may be involved in the above mentioned variability of the results. In addition, we intend to propose a detailed procedure on that basis to establish both their range of validity and the most suitable conditions for their use, thereby ensuring: (A) that the result obtained is the most representative of the sample's real total alpha activity; (B) that it is subject to the lowest technically possible variability; and (C) that this remaining variability is taken into account in determining the uncertainty associated with the result. In this context, we propose to study these aforementioned considerations using the co-precipitation method. Aditionally, given the problems with the scarcity and quality of water, the implementation of water treatment plants has been significantly increasing over the last years in several countries. Consequently, large quantities of solid wastes or sludge are generated every year which can be re-used for different applications. These solid wastes may contain all kind of pollutants, including significant levels of radioactivity. For these reasons, it is considered important studying the occurrence and behavior of radioactivity in water treatment plants. Although radioactivity in water treatment plants has been studied by some authors, we propose an original work analyzing the radioactive temporal evolution in different water treatment plants in which drinking and wastewater are treated. These plants have been selected taking into account both variations in water source and the treatment applied. This thesis contributes to these goals by analyzing the factors that affect the gross alpha measurement, involving an optimization and validation of the co-precipitation method and studying the behavior of radionuclides in water treatment plants. To this end, Part I provides a comprehensive analysis for the optimization and validation of the gross alpha activity determination using the co-precipitation method. Then, in Part II, we present a set of case studies related to the radionuclide behavior and the temporal evolution of the radioactivity in different drinking water and wastewater treatment plants.
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Obi, CL, MNB Momba, A. Samie, JO Igumbor, E. Green, and E. Musie. "Microbiological, physico-chemical and management parameters impinging on the efficiency of small water treatment plants in the Limpopo and Mpumalanga Provinces of South Africa." Water SA, 2007. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1000861.

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In the wake of the growing dependence on small water treatment plants (SWTPs) in providing quality water to rural areas and the global burden of water borne diseases, this study sought to examine the efficiency of 55 SWTPs located in rural or peri-urban areas of Limpopo and Mpumalanga Provinces in order to gauge the safety of water supply for human consumption. The microbiological and physical parameters of raw water, treated water and water in the distribution systems were examined using standard methods. Management issues impacting on quality of water supply were determined by use of questionnaires and focus group discussions. Results obtained showed that the pH, turbidity, temperature and conductivity of the raw water in SWTPs studied in both provinces ranged between 6.46 to 9.05 pH units, 0.19 to 8.0 NTU, 15.4oC to 31.40oC and 44.40.4 μS to 108 μS respectively. Water quality compliance at point of use (treated water) according to the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry of South Africa guidelines in SWTPs studied in both provinces were 85% for faecal coliforms and 69% for total coliforms. In the distribution systems, TCCs, FCCs and HPCs were within recommended limits except for few SWTPs suggesting a possibility of inadequate treatment and this may represent post-treatment contamination and possible risk of infection from these water supply sources. Physical parameters were generally within the recommended ranges . In terms of administrative issues, some plant operators did not have adequate knowledge of the functioning of the SWTPs and most were unable to calculate chlorine dosage, determine flow rates or undertake repairs of basic equipment. Poor working conditions , frequent stock depletion of chemicals , lack of maintenance culture , lack of emergency preparedness and poor communication were also cited . The study has revealed that the microbiological quality of raw water was very poor but that water treatment was efficient in the majority of SWTPs studied in both provinces. Regular monitoring of microbial and physico-chemical parameters of water quality served by the different SWTPs to the population is recommended to gauge their safety for human consumption. Issues such as enhanced incentives and periodic training of plant operators, improved communication and conditions of service , periodic stock inventory and entrenchment of maintenance culture may be necessary to ensure sustained and efficient water distribution systems.
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Jackson, Patricia. "Assessment of water samples from the Cahaba River and Buck Creek for the presence of estrogenic compounds." Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2010. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2010m/jackson.pdf.

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Storlie, Leslee. "An Investigation into Bromate Formation in Ozone Disinfection Systems." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/26896.

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Ozonation is used as an alternative disinfection process to chlorination but unfortunately has a potential of oxidizing bromide, a natural component of water sources, to bromate. Bromate is a possible carcinogen with a maximum contaminant level of 10 ppb. To understand bromate formation in full-scale systems, a comprehensive study was conducted at the Moorhead Water Treatment Plant (WTP). Bromide concentrations in source waters were monitored. Water samples from locations in the ozonation chambers were collected and analyzed for bromate and other parameters. Results showed that bromate formation was increased through increases in pH, bromide, and ozone dose during high temperatures and was decreased by increases in organics. The impact of the bromate influential parameters was minimized at low temperatures. To assist Moorhead WTP on developing bromate control strategies, a modeling approach was adopted to predict bromate formation at various operational conditions using temperature, pH, ozone dose, bromide, and TOC.
MWH Global, AWWA Scholarship
American Water Works Association (AWWA), Minnesota and North Dakota sections
North Dakota Water Resources Research Institute
Department of Civil Engineering, North Dakota State University
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Todd, Malcolm John. "Development and characterisation of a WO3-based photoanode for application in a photoelectrocatalytic fuel cell." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=33583.

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Books on the topic "Water treatment plants"

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G, Pinheiro R., ed. Upgrading water treatment plants. New York: Spon Press, 2001.

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G, Pinheiro R., ed. Upgrading water treatment plants. London: Spon Press, 2001.

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Hargrave, W. J. Belleville Water Treatment Plant. [Toronto]: Ontario Environment, 1990.

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Hargrave, W. J. Belleville Water Treatment Plant. [Toronto]: Ontario Environment, 1990.

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Hargrave, W. J. Kingston Water Treatment Plant. [Toronto]: Ontario Environment, 1990.

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Hargrave, W. J. Cornwall Water Treatment Plant. [Toronto]: Ontario Environment, 1990.

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Schenau, Sibo van Ingen. Timmins Water Treatment Plant. [Toronto]: Ontario Ministry of the Environment, 1990.

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Hargrave, W. J. Cornwall Water Treatment Plant. [Toronto]: Ontario Environment, 1990.

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Ontario. Ministry of Environment and Energy. and Simcoe Engineering Group Limited, eds. Burlington Water Treatment Plant. [Toronto]: Ministry of Environment and Energy, 1994.

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Schenau, Sibo van Ingen. Timmins Water Treatment Plant. [Toronto]: Ontario Ministry of the Environment, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Water treatment plants"

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Gouveia, Ricardo, Joana Antunes, Paula Sobral, and Leonor Amaral. "Microplastics from Wastewater Treatment Plants—Preliminary Data." In Springer Water, 53–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71279-6_8.

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Witte, H., and M. Keding. "Zeolite Filters in Wastewater Treatment Plants." In Chemical Water and Wastewater Treatment II, 467–84. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77827-8_31.

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Rosén, Björn. "Aspects on Upgrading of Existing Treatment Plants." In Chemical Water and Wastewater Treatment IV, 227–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61196-4_19.

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Pearce, P. A. "Options for Phosphorus Removal on Trickling Filter Plants." In Chemical Water and Wastewater Treatment V, 243–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-72279-0_20.

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Dasauni, Khushboo, Divya Nailwal, and Tapan K. Nailwal. "Water Reuse and Recycling." In Removal of Refractory Pollutants from Wastewater Treatment Plants, 77–98. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003204442-5.

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Dhawi, Faten. "Harnessing the Power of Plants in Hydroponics for Wastewater Treatment and Bioremediation." In Springer Water, 165–95. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-53258-0_7.

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Zakaria, Siti Nor Farhana, Hamidi Abdul Aziz, Yung-Tse Hung, Mu-Hao Sung Wang, and Lawrence K. Wang. "Treatment of Hazardous Sludge from Water and Wastewater Treatment Plants." In Handbook of Environmental Engineering, 1–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-46747-9_1.

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Göransson, Jonas, and Ingemar Karlsson. "Beneficial Use of Sludge from Sewage Plants and Water Works." In Chemical Water and Wastewater Treatment III, 341–52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79110-9_26.

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Paulsrud, B., B. Rusten, and R. Storhaug. "Pretreatment of Sludge Liquors in Sewage Treatment Plants." In Pretreatment in Chemical Water and Wastewater Treatment, 319–26. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73819-7_26.

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Yadav, Shikha, Subhash Anand, Paramjit, and Jagbir Singh. "Efficiency Assessment of Sewage Treatment Plants for Treating Wastewater: Case Study of Narela Sewage Treatment Plants in Delhi, India." In Sustainable Climate Action and Water Management, 61–72. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8237-0_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Water treatment plants"

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Girbaciu, Alina. "OPTIMISATION OF WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANTS." In 17th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2017. Stef92 Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2017/31/s12.062.

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Podaru, C., C. Danielescu, D. Sonea, A. Pacala, I. Vlaicu, C. Cosma, G. Burtica, F. Manea, and C. Orha. "A comparative study of two groundwater treatment pilot plants." In WATER POLLUTION 2008. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wp080151.

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Solnik, Wlodzimierz, and Zbigniew Zajda. "Aeration system control in biological waster water treatment plants." In 2008 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics (ICMLC). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmlc.2008.4620989.

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Alhabib, Hussain F., and Hani A. Nass. "Gas Treatment Produced Water Reuse." In SPE Water Lifecycle Management Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/219042-ms.

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Abstract Industrial produced wastewater management has been a challenging objective in the Oil and Gas Industry, and the adoption of systems to reuse it is essential to promote the circular economy principles. Saudi Aramco, adapted an integrated system to collect, treat, and reuse the facility-wide produced water to eliminate directing it to evaporation ponds, or outside the facility to waste management entities. Produced water, in gas plants, is usually formed in three processes: separating wells’ sour water from monoethyl-glycol, knocking out sour water during gas sweetening, and during acid gas handling and cooling. The produced water is instantly directed to sour water treatment to remove the hydrogen sulfide, and finally to a biological wastewater treatment plant. The wastewater treatment plant's objective is to reducing the total organic compound (TOC) content in the water through bacterial activity, and filtration. Once the TOC is minimized to the process requirement, it is reused within the plant as a cooling tower make-up water. It is both an environmental and an economical driven adoption. Produced wastewater is reused to reduce plant's purchased water quantity significantly, and it ultimately leads to minimize the facility's purchased fresh water quantity especially during the summer season where the evaporation rate is high. Also, this leads to a reduction of CO2 footprint as a result of avoided purchased water desalination (scope 2 carbon emission). This initiative also supports the circular economy principles by conserving the plant's water, and minimizing the demand on fresh products.
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Korsak, L., and L. Moreno. "Evaluation of anaerobic sludge activity in wastewater treatment plants in Nicaragua." In WATER POLLUTION 2006. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wp060561.

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Gómez, M., M. T. Díaz, M. Araujo, R. Sueiro, and J. Garrido. "Waste water treatment plants as redistributors of resistance genes in bacteria." In WATER POLLUTION 2010. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wp100081.

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Yukhnevich, G. G., and E. A. Belova. "Sewage and natural water treatment with higher plants." In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.283.

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The application of Eichhornia azurea and Eichornia crassipe for the treatment of organomineral wastewater of small production facilities in model experiments and the waters of surface water bodies saturated with nutrients was studied.
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Wells, Scott A., Dmitriy Bashkatov, and Jacek Makinia. "Modeling and Evaluating Temperature Dynamics in Wastewater Treatment Plants." In World Water and Environmental Resources Congress 2005. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40792(173)137.

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Rigby, David J. "Fully Enclosed Wastewater Treatment Plants Require Special Design Considerations." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2021. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784483466.047.

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Alzeyadi, Ali T., Ali W. Al-Attabi, Salah L. Zubaidi, and Rafid M. Alkhaddar. "Holistic Framework for Sustainability Assessment of Water Treatment Plants." In World Environmental and Water Resources Congress 2024. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784485477.106.

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Reports on the topic "Water treatment plants"

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Dave, Dhaval, and Muzhe Yang. Lead in Drinking Water and Birth Outcomes: A Tale of Two Water Treatment Plants. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27996.

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Stephenson, L. D., and Ashok Kumar. Corrosion-Resistant Materials for Water and Wastewater Treatment Plants at Fort Bragg. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada507497.

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Kaur, Sumanjeet, Aaron Wilson, Daniel Wendt, Jeffrey Mendelssohn, Olgica Bakajin, Erik Desormeaux, and Jennifer Klare. COHO - Utilizing Waste Heat and Carbon Dioxide at Power Plants for Water Treatment. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1372489.

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Clark, Joceyln, Hany H. Zaghloul, and Steve W. Maloney. Effects of the Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments of 1986 on Army Fixed Installation Water Treatment Plants. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada256858.

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P. Alan Mays, Bert R. Bock, Gregory A. Brodie, L. Suzanne Fisher, J. Devereux Joslin, Donald L. Kachelman, Jimmy J. Maddox, et al. Carbon Capture and Water Emissions Treatment System (CCWESTRS) at Fossil-Fueled Electric Generating Plants. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/913571.

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MacDonald, James D., Aharon Abeliovich, Manuel C. Lagunas-Solar, David Faiman, and John Kabshima. Treatment of Irrigation Effluent Water to Reduce Nitrogenous Contaminants and Plant Pathogens. United States Department of Agriculture, July 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568092.bard.

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The contamination of surface and subterranean drinking water supplies with nitrogen-laden agricultural wastewater is a problem of increasing concern in the U.S. and Israel. Through this research, we found that bacteria could utilize common organic wastes (e.g. paper, straw, cotton) as carbon sources under anaerobic conditions, and reduce nitrate concentrations in wastewater to safe levels. Two species of bacteria, Cellulomonas uda and a Comamonas sp., were required for dentitrification. Celulomonas uda degraded cellulose and reduced nitrate to nitrite. In addition, it excreted soluble organic carbon needed as a food source by the Comamonas sp. for completion of denitrification. We also found that recirculated irrigation water contains substantial amounts of fungal inoculum, and that irrigating healthy plants with such water leads to significant levels of root infection. Water can be disinfected with UV, but our experiments showed that Hg-vapor lamps do not possess sufficient energy to kill spores in wastewater containing dissolved organics. Excimer lasers and Xenon flashlamps do possess the needed power levels, but only the laser had a high enough repetition rate to reliably treat large volumes of water. Ozone was highly efficacious, but it's use as a water treatment is probably best suited to moderate or low volume irrigation systems. This research provides critical data needed for the design of effective water denitrification and/or pathogen disinfection systems for different growing operations.
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KHANDAKER, NADIM R., and PATRICK V. BRADY. Design of Pilot Plants and the Issue of Similitude with Full-Scale Systems in Water Treatment Applications. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/802029.

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Wersal, Ryan, Bradley Sartain, Kurt Getsinger, John Madsen, John Skogerboe, Justin Nawrocki, Robert Richardson, and Morgan Sternberg. Improving chemical control of nonnative aquatic plants in run-of-the-river reservoirs. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), March 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48350.

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Current dam discharge patterns in Noxon Rapids Reservoir reduce concentration and exposure times (CET) of herbicides used for aquatic plant management. Herbicide applications during periods of low dam discharge may increase herbicide CETs and improve efficacy. Applications of rhodamine WT dye were monitored under peak (736 to 765 m³ s⁻¹) and minimum (1.4 to 2.8 m³ s⁻¹) dam discharge patterns to quantify water-exchange processes. Whole-plot dye half-life under minimal discharge was 33 h, a 15-fold increase compared with the dye treatment during peak discharge. Triclopyr concentrations measured during minimum discharge within the treated plot ranged from 214 ± 25 to 1,243 ± 36 μgL⁻¹ from 0 to 48 h after treatment (HAT), respectively. Endothall concentrations measured during minimum discharge in the same plot ranged from 164 ± 78 to 2,195 ± 1,043 μgL⁻¹ from 0 to 48 HAT, respectively. Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.) occurrence in the treatment plot was 66%, 8%, and 14% during pretreatment, 5 wk after treatment (WAT), and 52 WAT, respectively. Myriophyllum spicatum occurrence in the nontreated plot was 68%, 71%, and 83% during pre-treatment, 5 WAT, and 52 WAT, respectively. Curlyleaf pondweed (Potamogeton crispus L.) occurrence in the treatment plot was 29%, 0%, and 97% during pretreatment, 5 WAT, and 52 WAT, respectively. Potamogeton crispus increased from 24% to 83% at 0 WAT to 52 WAT, respectively, in the nontreated plot. Native species richness declined from 3.3 species per point to 2.1 in the treatment plot in the year of treatment but returned to pretreatment numbers by 52 WAT. Native species richness did not change during the study in the nontreated reference plot. Herbicide applications during periods of low flow can increase CETs and improve control, whereas applications during times of high-water flow would shorten CETs and could result in reduced treatment efficacy.
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Sartain, Bradley, Erika Haug, Kurt Getsinger, Benjamin Sperry, Mark Heilman, and Mike Greer. Small plot applications of florpyrauxifen–benzyl (Procellacor SC™) for control of monoecious hydrilla in Roanoke Rapids Lake, NC. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/47115.

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Four demonstration plots were selected at Roanoke Rapids Lake, NC to evaluate water exchange and aqueous herbicide residues in stands of submersed aquatic vegetation (SAV) following treatment with rhodamine wt dye and florpyrauxifen-benzyl to control monecious hydrilla. Florpyrauxifen-benzyl (Procellacor™ SC) was applied in combination with Rhodamine WT (RWT) at two of the plots. Dye measurements and herbicide residue samples were collected at specific time intervals to draw comparisons between herbicide and RWT dye dissipation. The two additional plots served as reference plots to the treatment plots. Pre- and post-treatment vegetation surveys were conducted to evaluate monoecious hydrilla control and non-target species response. RWT dye and herbicide residue data indicated rapid water exchange was occurring with each treatment plot. As a result, florpyrauxifen-benzyl concentration and exposure times (CETs) towards monoecious hydrilla were not sufficient to achieve adequate control by 4 weeks after treatment (WAT). To reduce the impact of hydraulic complexity and improve herbicide efficacy, treatments should coincide with minimal reservoir discharge events to extend herbicide CET relationships. Evaluations of florpyrauxifen-benzyl on late season, mature plants may have impacted herbicide efficacy. Evaluations should be conducted earlier in the growing season, on young, actively growing plants, to discern potential differences in efficacy due to treatment timing and phenology. More information on herbicide concentration and exposure time relationships for monoecious hydrilla should be developed in growth chamber and mesocosm settings to improve species selective management of monoecious hydrilla in hydrodynamic reservoirs.
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Daniel J. Stepan, Thomas A. Moe, Melanie D. Hetland, and Margaret L. Laumb. POWDERED ACTIVATED CARBON FROM NORTH DAKOTA LIGNITE: AN OPTION FOR DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCT CONTROL IN WATER TREATMENT PLANTS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/825585.

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