Dissertations / Theses: 'Watershed management Watershed restoration'

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Rosenberg, Stacy R. "Watershed restoration in Western Oregon : landowners, watershed groups, and community dynamics /." view abstract or download file of text, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3190544.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2005.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 177-195). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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Evenson, Grey Rogers. "A Process-Comprehensive Simulation-Optimization Framework for Watershed Scale Wetland Restoration Planning." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1406213250.

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Emanuel, Robert. "Arizona Watershed Stewardship Guide: Regional and State Water Management." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146910.

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19 pp.
"Arizona Watershed Stewardship Guide: Geology, Geomorphology and Soils Arizona Watershed Stewardship Guide: Watershed Ecology Arizona Watershed Stewardship Guide: Working Together Arizona Watershed Stewardship Guide: Hydrology Arizona Watershed Stewardship Guide: Fire in Watersheds Arizona Watershed Stewardship Guide: Climate
Arizona Watershed Stewardship Guide was created to help individuals and groups build a mutual foundation of basic knowledge about watersheds in Arizona. It is intended to help Arizonans understand and be good stewards of their watersheds. The guide was designed to compliment the mission of Arizona Master Watershed Steward program to educate and train citizens across the state of Arizona to serve as volunteers in the monitoring, restoration, conservation, and protection of their water and watersheds. The guide consists of 10 self-contained modules which teach about one or more important aspects of watershed science or management.

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Labbe, Richard James. "Watershed restoration limitations at the abandoned reclaimed Alta Mine, Jefferson County, MT." Thesis, Montana State University, 2008. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2008/labbe/LabbeR0508.pdf.

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Pitchford, Jonathan L. "Stream Restoration| Project Evaluation and Site Selection in the Cacapon River Watershed, West Virginia." Thesis, West Virginia University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3538240.

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Stream restoration is being conducted throughout the world at unprecedented rates to address stream channel degradation and water quality concerns. Natural Channel Design (NCD) is a common method used for restoration and has received governmental endorsement; however, the effects of NCD on channel stability and ecosystem functioning are poorly studied. We examined the effects of a reach-scale NCD project on channel stability, riparian vegetation, and water quality along the Cacapon River, West Virginia using a before-after-control-impact design and determined that restoration increased the abundance and diversity of woody vegetation, but had minimal effects on streambank stability and water quality. Increased erosion rates in some portions of the restored reach were attributed to differences in pre-restoration stability, vegetation removal, and soil composition among sub-reaches. No differences in in-stream concentrations of total phosphorus, nitrates, ammonia, or total suspended solids were detected following restoration; however, in-stream turbidity was drastically increased during construction. This study is a clear example of the value of monitoring streambank migration, vegetation communities, and soils to evaluate the effects of stream restoration and to provide insight on potential reasons for treatment failure. Ideally, pre-restoration monitoring should be used to inform project design by determining restoration potential of areas selected for restoration.

As a surrogate for process monitoring, we created a maximum entropy model of streambank erosion potential (SEP) in a Geographic Information System (GIS) framework to prioritize sites for management and to determine which variables in the watershed are associated with excessive rates of streambank erosion. Model development included measuring erosion rates throughout a central Appalachian watershed, application of a quantitative approach to locate target areas for management termed Target Eroding Areas (TEAs), and collection of environmental data throughout the study extent using high resolution, remotely sensed data. A likelihood distribution of TEAs from occurrence records and associated environmental variables over our study extent was constructed using the program Maxent. All model validation procedures indicated that the model was an excellent predictor of TEAs, and that the major environmental variables controlling these processes were streambank slope, soil characteristics, shear stress, underlying geology, and riparian vegetation. A classification scheme with low, moderate, and high levels of erosion potential derived from logistic model output was able to differentiate sites with low erosion potential from sites with moderate and high erosion potential. This type of modeling framework can be used in any watershed to address uncertainty in stream restoration planning and practice.

To address the need for accurate, high resolution estimation of streambank erosion, we also explored the role of laser scanning for estimating streambank migration and volumetric sediment loss. This was accomplished by comparing estimates of streambank migration and volumetric sediment loss derived from repeated erosion pin, streambank profile, and combined airborne and terrestrial light detection and ranging (LiDAR) surveys. Results indicated that LiDAR derived estimates were larger and highly variable compared to estimates derived from erosion pin and streambank profile surveys, which more accurately represented change along the study reach. Inflated LiDAR estimates were most likely the result of combining high resolution terrestrial LiDAR with relatively low resolution airborne LiDAR that could not effectively capture topographic features such as undercut banks. Although cost-prohibitive in some cases, repeated terrestrial LiDAR scans would likely circumvent these issues with higher point densities and better scan angles facilitating more accurate representation of streambank geometry, ultimately providing more accurate estimates of channel change.

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Pater, Susan, Kim McReynolds, and Kristine Uhlman. "Arizona Watershed Stewardship Guide: Geologic Processes." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146929.

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9 pp.
Arizona Watershed Stewardship Guide (10 related modules to be published in combined form)
Arizona Watershed Stewardship Guide was created to help individuals and groups build a mutual foundation of basic knowledge about watersheds in Arizona. It is intended to help Arizonans understand and be good stewards of their watersheds. The guide was designed to compliment the mission of Arizona Master Watershed Steward program to educate and train citizens across the state of Arizona to serve as volunteers in the restoration, conservation, monitoring, and protection of their water and watersheds. The guide consists of 10 self-contained modules which teach about important aspects of watershed science and management.

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Lymburner, Leo. "Mapping riparian vegetation functions using remote sensing and terrain analysis." Connect to thesis, 2005. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/2821.

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Land use practices over the last 200 years have dramatically altered the distribution and amount of riparian vegetation throughout many catchments in Australia. This has lead to a number of negative impacts including a decrease in water quality, an increase in sediment transport and a decrease in the quality of terrestrial and aquatic habitats. The task of restoring the functions of riparian zones is an enormous one and requires spatial and temporal prioritisation. An analysis of the existing and historical functions of riparian zones and their spatial distribution is a major aid to this process and will enable efficient use of remediation resources. The approach developed in this thesis combines remote sensing, field measurement and terrain analysis to describe the distribution of five riparian zone functions: sediment trapping, bank stabilization, denitrification, stream shading and large woody debris production throughout a large semi-arid catchment in central Queensland.

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Sweet, Dan I. "The Development of a Stream Restoration Decision Support Tool for the County of Henrico Stream Assessment and Watershed Management Program." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9617.

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Several Municipalities in Virginia are currently developing and implementing watershed programs. While programmatic goals and objectives vary, all seek to incorporate stream restoration project work. Decision support tools exist for many aspects of watershed and water resources management, however, there are currently no such tools to aid municipalities in their stream restoration efforts. This study details the development of such a decision support tool for the Henrico County Stream Assessment/Watershed Management Program based on the assessment of stream restoration opportunities and feasibility constraints. A framework for the development of future municipal watershed programs is presented and related issues are discussed.
Master of Landscape Architecture

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Ronayne, Michael James, and Thomas III Maddock. "Flow model for the Bingham cienega area, San Pedro river basin, Arizona: a management and restoration tool." Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/615701.

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A finite element groundwater flow model was used to support a hydrologic assessment for a study area in the Lower San Pedro River Basin which contains the Bingham Cienega. Consolidated sedimentary rocks associated with an extension of the Catalina Core Complex truncate the floodplain aquifer system in the study area. The elevated water table produced by this "hardrock" results in spring discharge at the cienega and a locally gaining reach of the San Pedro River. The steady -state model suggests that recharge (and discharge) components for the floodplain aquifer sum to 3.10 cfs. Mountain front recharge, underflow, and stream leakage are the primary recharge mechanisms, while stream leakage, evapotranspiration, spring flow, and underflow out are sources for groundwater discharge. A steady -oscillatory model was used to account for seasonal periodicity in the system's boundary conditions. Monthly variation in the evapotranspiration rate was offset primarily by storage changes in the aquifer. Due to a lack of measured hydrologic data within the study area, results from the model simulations are only preliminary. Model development and the subsequent sensitivity analyses have provided insight into what type of data needs to be collected. Head measurements are most needed in the area just downstream from Bingham Cienega. The mountain front recharge and evapotranspiration rates are shown to be highly sensitive parameters in the model; improved estimation of these values would be helpful. Spring discharge would be a valuable calibration tool if it could be accurately measured. A more extensive record of stream baseflow in the San Pedro River should be established. After more hydrologic data is collected, the model could be recalibrated so as to better represent the system. Eventually, this tool may be used in direct support of management and/or restoration decisions.

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Erickson, Adam Michael 1979. "A Comparative Analysis of State-Level Watershed Management Frameworks in the Pacific Northwest." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/11994.

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xiii, 236 p. : ill. (some col.)
Over the past two decades, contemporary state-level watershed management burgeoned in the Pacific Northwest. This research offers a comparative analysis of contemporary state-level watershed management frameworks in the Pacific Northwest. The four case study areas consist of Idaho, Oregon, Washington, and Northern California. This study begins with a historical analysis of the greater watershed movement in natural resource management. Next, document analysis and key informant interviews are utilized to detail the watershed management framework of each state. Finally, this study explores a comparative analysis of each state framework. Results indicate that while the case study areas share many characteristics endemic to the bioregion, the watershed management framework of each state differs substantially. Key informant interviews indicate that these differences often reflect the unique sociopolitical climate of each state. Results additionally indicate the vital importance of stable state-derived funding for the establishment and resilience of watershed management organizations.
Committee in charge: Dr. Michael Hibbard, Chairperson; Dr. Richard Margerum, Member; Dr. Max Nielsen-Pincus, Member

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Dutterer, Andrew. "Leadership Dynamics in Collaboration: Lessons from the Middle Fork John Day River Intensively Monitored Watershed Collaboration." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/20515.

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This study explores leadership dynamics in collaborative governance. The research features a collaboration case study of sixteen federal and state agency and NGO stakeholders. The collaboration is conducting a ten-year, basin-scale monitoring project of salmonid habitat restoration projects in the Middle Fork John Day (MFJD) River basin in Eastern Oregon. The monitoring project is known as an intensively monitored watershed (IMW), one of sixteen throughout the Pacific Northwest. The research is guided by the following question: How do leadership dynamics in the MFJD IMW collaborative governance structure facilitate effective collaborative process or create limitations to that process? This study uses qualitative research methods in evaluating multiple research sources. Insights from this study may prove valuable in providing guidance on effectively structuring and managing basin-scale collaborative habitat monitoring projects, including future IMW projects. This study further aims to contribute to research on collaborative leadership for the greater scholarship on collaboration.

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Zhou, Daquan. "Restoring Our Urban Streams: A Study Plan for Restoring/Rehabilitating Stroubles Creek in Blacksburg, Virginia." Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9947.

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As the Americans have become more aware of the impact to the environment from the human induced disturbances which includes physical, chemical and biological disturbances to the degradation of streams and rivers, many studies and experiments have been done in an attempt to restore streams and rivers to more natural conditions. At the same time, success in public education and community involvement has encouraged grass-root movements that engage people in stream restoration efforts. Stroubles Creek is a freshwater stream located in Blacksburg, Virginia. The creek has experienced considerable disturbance due to land use changes over the past 100 years. The Stroubles Creek Water Initiative (SCWI), originated by the Virginia Water Resources Research Center at Virginia Tech, has been monitoring the creek for a number of years. This paper develops a planning framework for restoring and/or rehabilitating Stroubles Creek within the Town of Blacksburg. The results of stream monitoring and other research by SCWI are used to inform the recommended planning process, while a literature review and discussion of “urban stream restoration case studies” are used to guide future decision-making related to Stroubles Creek restoration/rehabilitation.
Master of Urban and Regional Planning

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Becerra, Terrie A. "Muddying the waters: the failure of water restoration bureaucracies in Kansas." Diss., Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/4848.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work
Gerad D. Middendorf
In the almost 40 years since the passage of the Clean Water Act and 25 years of regulating nonpoint source pollution, and despite countless state and local community projects focused on water quality issues, clean water goals have not been met. To comprehend this failure and understand how water resources are governed and how water quality goals are pursued, I explore how watershed-level governance structures emerged and function in their specific local environment, within the state hierarchy of water governance, and as implementation of state and national policy. To this end, the structure, process, and outcomes of two newly organized and local watershed-level governance structures in Kansas were examined. An actor-oriented political ecology approach informed by environmental governance and watershed management literature was used to guide the study. Attaining water quality goals necessitates recognizing the connections between the political economy of agriculture, the cultural factors acting upon agricultural producers, and the natural, biophysical environment. Thusly, a comparative case study strategy was employed for the overall research design. Documents and interview transcripts were analyzed employing a grounded theory approach for differences and similarities; they were also sorted into topical categories and coded for common themes. The research questions focused on the agency and capacity of local watershed structures to determine the relations regarding water resource use in their watershed. Central questions addressed structure responsiveness to local versus state or national concerns; the underlying interests reflected by community member participation; and the effectiveness of local water-governance in protecting water resources. Governance models that began with holistic, alternative, participatory strategies are evolving into targeted, problem-solution strategies, and what began as watershed management is becoming problem shed management.

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Childs, Erin. "Take Me to the River: Revitalizing LA's Lost Monument." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pomona_theses/56.

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The tale of South Korea's Cheonggyecheon River is one to warm an urban environmentalist's heart. Cheonggyecheon runs through the center of Seoul, a bustling metropolis of ten million that has been the capital of Korea since the 14th century. The Japanese were the first to sacrice Cheonggyecheon on the altar of urbanization, turning the River into a sewage system during their 35 year occupation between 1910 and 1945. Already thusvdegraded, it was easy for later administrations to eventually completely cover the river with the Cheonggye Road and Cheonggye Elevated Highway between 1958 and 1976. Cheonggyecheon became an exemplar of the expendability of urban environments in the face of modernization and economic growth, particularly the need for transportation in a quickly developing city. In the early 1990s it was discovered that extensive repair would be necessary to maintain the Highway, and with heavy political leadership of Mayoral Candidate Myung-Bak Lee, now the president of South Korea, the decision was made to restore the river rather than repair the road (Park, 2006).

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Holmes, Kathryn Lynn. "Landscape Factors Influencing Water Quality and the Development of Reference Conditions for Riparian Restoration in the Headwaters of a Northeast Ohio Watershed." The Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1392117190.

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Cole, Ryan Andrew. "Map-based Probabilistic Infinite Slope Analysis of the Stephens Creek Watershed, Portland, Oregon." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/625.

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The Stephens Creek Watershed in southwest Portland, Oregon was chosen by the city as a pilot project for urban stream restoration efforts, and the infiltration of stormwater was identified as a potential restoration strategy. The Stephens Creek Watershed has historically been known to be unstable during high precipitation events (Burns, 1996), and the need to address the response of slope stability to anthropogenically-driven changing groundwater conditions is the focus of this study. Airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and geotechnical data from the City of Portland were employed to create a high resolution (0.84 m2) physics-based probabilistic slope stability model for this watershed, using the map-based probabilistic infinite slope analysis program PISA-m (Haneberg, 2007). Best and worst case models were run using fully dry and fully saturated soil conditions, respectively. Model results indicate that 96.3% of the watershed area had a probability [less than or equal to] 0.25 that the slope factor of safety (FOS) was [less than or equal to] 1 for fully dry conditions, compared to 76.4% for fully saturated conditions. Areas that had a probability [greater than or equal to] 0.25 that the slope factor of safety (FOS) was [less than or equal to] 1 were found to occur mainly along cut/fill slopes as well as within the deeply incised canyons of Stephens Creek and its tributaries. An infiltration avoidance map was derived to define areas that appear to be unsuitable for infiltration. Based on these results, it is recommended that stormwater continues to be directed to existing sewer infrastructure and that the "storm water disconnect" restoration approach not be used by the city.

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Cummins, Shannon E. "Remote Sensing Technology for Environmental Plan Monitoring: A Case Study of the Comprehensive Monday Creek Watershed Plan." Ohio : Ohio University, 2002. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1020344004.

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Holmen, Sarah Ann. "Riparian Wetland Response to Livestock Exclusion in the Lower Columbia River Basin." PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/284.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of riparian plant communities along a succession gradient of livestock exclusion in the Lower Columbia River Basin (LCRB). Livestock exclusion is an example of a passive restoration practice throughout the region. However, few studies have focused on the effects of livestock or livestock exclusion on riparian wetland ecosystems in this area. Two passive restoration sites, 3 and 13 years since livestock exclusion, and a control site with a continued livestock grazing presence were examined. It was hypothesized that native plant species richness would be lower in the excluded wetlands than in the grazed wetland due to the competitive exclusion from an increase in non-native plant dominance in the absence of grazing. Data were collected along six (45-60m) randomly distributed transects which were aligned perpendicular to the wetland shoreline of each site, providing a total of 18 transects with an accumulative length of approximately 990 meters. Vegetation cover data were collected for 10 cm intervals along these transects using the line intercept method during low water periods in August and September of 2009. The Kruskal-Wallis one-way nonparametric analysis of variance by ranks and the Mann-Whitney U test were used to detect significant (p

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Presley, Erika. "An Internship with the Riverside Corona Regional Conservation District: Alluvial scrub vegetation sampling of the upper Santa Anna River Watershed." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1366334766.

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Catelani, Celso de Souza. "Determination of priority areas for the re-establishment of the forest cover, based on the use of geotecnologies: Una waterched case study, Taubaté, SP." Universidade de Taubaté, 2007. http://www.bdtd.unitau.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=146.

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The determination of priority areas for the re-establishment of forest cover in watersheds is directly associated with probability of effective success in forestry project implementation. However, considering analysis complexity and the amount of spatial data necessary to accomplish that goal, state of the art technology tools capable of providing multi-criteria analysis to support decision make are necessary. This research was developed in an area of 476km that corresponds to the Una River basin in the municipality of Taubaté, SP. A multi-criteria analysis was based on continuous classification and paired comparisons using AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) techniques, available in the GIS package called SPRING v. 4.3.2 (Georeferenced Information Processing System). A map of priority areas for the reestablishment of forest cover in that watershed was obtained, and results revealed a large area (26.6% of the total watershed area) with extreme priority for forest cover re-establishment. This indicates the urgent need of environmental restoration in this basin. This indicates a strategy improving making decision process in the practical manner toward resource application only on priority areas.
A determinação de áreas prioritárias para o restabelecimento da cobertura florestal nativa em bacias hidrográficas se constitui numa ferramenta diretamente associada à necessidade de otimizar os parcos recursos eventualmente disponíveis, para se obter o sucesso efetivo na implantação de projetos dessa natureza. No entanto, para atender a essa finalidade, a complexidade no tratamento e o volume de dados ambientais espacializados necessários requerem um aparato tecnológico capaz de processar uma análise multicriterial como ferramenta de suporte à decisão, no estado da arte das geotecnologias aplicáveis. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho desenvolvido para uma área de 476km correspondentes à área da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Una no município de Taubaté, SP, aborda uma análise multicriterial baseada na classificação contínua e na técnica de comparação pareada AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process), incorporados ao SIG completo denominado SPRING v. 4.3.2 (Sistema de Processamento de Informações Georreferenciadas), para a obtenção de um mapa de áreas prioritárias para o restabelecimento da cobertura florestal nativa na bacia. Os resultados obtidos revelaram uma grande área, correspondente a 26,6% da área da bacia, classificada como Prioridade Extrema. Isso indica a necessidade de recuperação ambiental da bacia. Os resultados permitem de forma prática subsidiar a tomada de decisão na alocação de recursos e projetos dessa natureza nessas áreas prioritárias.

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Blackburn-Lynch, Whitney Cole. "DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNIQUES FOR ASSESSING AND RESTORING STREAMS ON SURFACE MINED LANDS." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/bae_etds/37.

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Surface mining is a commonly used method for extracting coal in the Appalachian Coalfields of the U.S. This mining practice produces excess spoil or overburden, which is often placed in adjacent valleys resulting in the creation of valley fills. These valley fills bury headwater streams, which in turn can negatively impact downstream ecosystems. In 2008, the University of Kentucky designed and constructed 1,020 m of ephemeral, intermittent and headwater streams on an existing valley fill (Guy Cove) as a proof-of-concept. The goal of the project was to evaluate whether or not a stream recreation could occur on mined lands, particularly a valley fill. The hydrograph characteristics discharge volume, peak discharge, discharge duration, peak time, lag time, and response time were evaluated from three watersheds: (1) unmined, forested watershed (control), (2) partially restored watershed with the intermittent stream (Guy Cove), and (3) a mined watershed with an unrestored stream (valley fill with traditional mined land reclamation practices). Results from four years of monitoring indicate that the created intermittent stream at Guy Cove is hydrologically similar to the control during storm events; however, differences were noted for base flow. A new stream restoration design technique, which combines natural channel design and furrow irrigation design protocols, was investigated.

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Mello, Kaline de. "Forest cover and water quality in tropical agricultural watersheds." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11152/tde-03082017-101658/.

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Tropical forests are under continual threat due to deforestation and forest fragmentation processes which are driven by the economic activities growth, mainly agriculture. Replacing forest with other land uses can cause severe impacts on river water quality, altering its physical, chemical and biological characteristics. The Atlantic Forest, in particular, had its original vegetation cover reduced to about 11%, wherein the crop lands expansion and urban sprawl still threatening this important ecosystem and the ecosystem services that it provides. In this sense, the main objective of this study was to investigate the relation between forest cover and water quality of tropical agricultural watersheds. For that, six experimental watersheds with different percentage of forest cover were selected in the Sarapuí River watershed, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Water samples were collected during a hydrologic year to obtain water quality parameters that represent impacts induced by anthropic activities. According to the percentage of forest cover, the watersheds were denominated as \"forested\", when they presented more than 55% of forest cover, and \"degraded\", with less than 35%. Multivariate statistical models were applied to identify differences between these two groups. In a second moment, the relation of land use/land cover within the watershed and within its respective riparian zone, represented in this study by the Permanent Preservation Areas (PPA), with water quality was compared through mixed models and redundancy analysis to identify the main factors that influenced water quality variability. Lastly, a watershed simulation modeling was applied to verify the impact of riparian forest restoration on water quality of the Sarapuí River watershed, wherein each experimental watershed was represented by a sub-watershed in the model. The results showed that the degraded watersheds presented higher values of solids, turbidity, nutrients and coliforms, besides presenting greater temporal data variability compared to forested watersheds. This variation is associated with the stream flow changes during the year. In general, forest cover was related to good water quality, while agriculture and urban areas were responsible for the water quality degradation. Pasture presented mixed impacts, but it was not generally correlated with poor water quality. The water quality parameters responded differently to the influence of land-use/land-cover patterns in the watershed and riparian zone, but the overall water quality is better explained by the landscape composition within the watershed. Nevertheless, the watershed simulation indicated that PPA restoration reduces the sediment and nutrients loading into the river. Thus, it is possible to conclude that tropical forest plays a fundamental role in the water resources conservation, reducing impacts of human activities in watersheds and the watershed management with forest restoration strategies for the entire watershed is critical for the maintenance of water quality to water supply, despite the importance of the riparian zone.
As florestas tropicais estão sob constante ameaça devido ao processo de desmatamento e fragmentação florestal impulsionado pelo crescimento das atividades econômicas, em especial, a agricultura. A substituição de áreas florestadas por outros usos do solo pode causar impactos severos na qualidade da água de rios, alterando suas características físicas, químicas e biológicas. A Mata Atlântica, em especial, teve sua cobertura original reduzida a cerca de 11%, sendo que a expansão de terras cultiváveis e urbanização ainda ameaçam esse importante ecossistema e os serviços ecossistêmicos prestados por ele. Nesse sentido, este estudo propôs investigar a relação da cobertura florestal com a qualidade da água de microbacias agrícolas tropicais. Para tanto, foram selecionadas seis microbacias experimentais com diferentes porcentagens de cobertura florestal na bacia do rio Sarapuí, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, onde foram feitas coletas de amostras de água por um ano hidrológico para a obtenção de parâmetros que representassem alterações na água induzidas por atividades antrópicas. Inicialmente as microbacias foram classificadas em \"florestadas\" e \"degradadas\", e modelos estatísticos multivariados foram aplicados para identificar diferenças entre os grupos. Em um segundo momento comparou-se a relação do uso e cobertura do solo na microbacia e na Área de Preservação Permanente (APP) com a qualidade da água utilizando-se modelos mistos e análise de redundância para identificar os principais fatores que influenciam a variabilidade da qualidade da água. Por último foi gerado um modelo hidrológico para simular o impacto da restauração da floresta ripária na qualidade da água da bacia do rio Sarapuí onde cada microbacia experimental desse estudo foi representada por uma sub-bacia do modelo. Os resultados mostram que as microbacias degradadas apresentam valores maiores de sólidos, turbidez, nutrientes e coliformes. Além disso, apresentam maior variabilidade temporal dos dados em relação às microbacias florestadas associada às alterações da vazão do rio. Em geral, a cobertura florestal foi relacionada à boa qualidade da água, enquanto que agricultura e ocupação urbana foram os usos do solo responsáveis pela degradação da qualidade da água. O uso pastagem apresentou impactos mistos, porém no geral não foi correlacionado à qualidade da água ruim. Os parâmetros de qualidade da água responderam de forma diferente quanto à influência dos padrões de uso e cobertura do solo na microbacia e na APP, porém, considerando-se todos parâmetros em conjunto, a qualidade da água é melhor explicada pela composição da paisagem da microbacia. Ainda assim, a simulação do modelo indicou que a restauração das APPs reduz a carga de sedimentos e nutrientes para o rio. Com isso, conclui-se que a floresta tropical tem papel fundamental na conservação dos recursos hídricos, reduzindo impactos das atividades humanas exercidas nas microbacias e que, apesar da importância das APPs na redução de poluentes para o rio, o manejo de bacias com estratégias de restauração florestal para toda a microbacia é extremamente importante para a manutenção da qualidade da água para abastecimento.

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Kunneke, Maria Magdalena. "Die vestiging van gemeenskapsgedrewe geīntegreerde opgvanggebiedbestuur : die Veldwachtersrivier opvanggebied." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49929.

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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch, 2004.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South Africa is a semi-arid country with an average annual rainfall of 197mm, in comparison with the international average of 860mm per year, of which the available freshwater sources are currently being utilised virtually completely. The water restrictions in the Western Cape during the summer of 2000/2001 and of 2001/2002 are sufficient evidence of this. This threatening water shortage holds far-reaching consequences for the socio-economic development of the country if an active effort is not made to manage the water resources in a sustainable manner. Starting in the 1990s, the concept of integrated catchment management crCM) began to enjoy widespread attention as a mechanism to manage water resources. However, it was primarily forced, state-initiated projects with little direct community involvement that enjoyed a limited amount of success. This study undertook community-driven, integrated catchment management in a relatively small catchment in the Veldwachters River valley in the Stellenbosch area in the Western Cape in order to investigate the effectiveness thereof as a mechanism for sustainable water resource management. The study firstly places the concept of rCM in perspective, after which the study area is demarcated spatially within the South African and the regional context. Community-based action research as research approach provides the techniques to reconcile and integrate the duality of the rCM process, namely the human and physical elements in a catchment, and to successfully involve the community in the process. The first phase of the study entails the gathering of existing and new information and the definition of the environmental status of the catchment area in a situation analysis, which was presented to the community as an information document to initiate public participation. During the second phase, a community partnership was established by means of introductory interviews, correspondence, focus group meetings and public forums. The third and executive phase was characterised by the mobilisation of the community partnership in the execution of strategic planning procedures, such as the formulation of a catchment vision, prioritisation of relevant catchment management issues, the statement of the management objectives and the formulation and implementation of action plans for the management of various issues in the catchment. The conclusion drawn after a thorough evaluation of the course of the study is that the implementation of community-driven integrated catchment management can be successful ina smaller catchment. A few crucial requirements need to be taken into consideration in future applications elsewhere, namely: • That the study area must have a small enough area so that all stakeholders can be involved relatively easily and for a catchment identity and "ownership" of the process to be able to develop; • That the process must initially be facilitated externally until a community partnership has been established and a management committee has been elected, after which the facilitation and management of the process must be handed to the community so that it can finally become completely community driven; • That socio-econornic issues initially will receive more attention than the natural environment, but that these issues need to be utilised to establish the ICM process, after which the natural environment naturally will receive greater priority; and • That the researcher must remain patient, particularly during the second and third phases of the process, as public participation and particularly the establishment of a community-driven process can be slow and exhausting. This case study emphasises that each application of ICM will be unique because the degree of community involvement and the priorities of catchment communities will differ. Communitydriven integrated catchment management is not, under any circumstances, an instant solution for water management and water conservation issues, but it is the only sustainable option. KEY WORDS: catchment management, public/community participation, situation analysis, water resource management, action research.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Suid-Afrika is 'n semi-ariede land met 'n gemiddelde reenvalsyfer van 497mm per jaar teenoor die wereldgemiddelde van 860mm per jaar, waarvan beskikbare varswaterbronne tans byna ten volle benut word. Die waterbeperkings in die Wes-Kaap gedurende die somers van 2000/2001 en 200112002 is afdoende bewys hiervan. Hierdie dreigende watemood hou verreikende gevolge vir die sosio-ekonomiese ontwikkeling van die land in, indien daar nie 'n daadwerklike poging aangewend gaan word om die waterhulpbronne volhoubaar te bestuur nie. Sedert die negentigerjare het die konsep van geintegreerde opvanggebiedbestuur (GOGB) as waterhulpbronbestuursmeganisme wye belangstelling begin geniet. Dit was hoofsaaklik afgedwonge, staatsgeinisieerde projekte met min direkte gemeenskapsbetrokkenheid wat beperkte sukses gehad het. Hierdie studie het 'n gemeenskapsgedrewe geintegreerde opvanggebiedbestuur op 'n relatief klein opvanggebied in die Veldwachtersrivier vallei in die Stellenbosch omgewing in die Wes-Kaap ondemeem, ten einde die effektiwiteit daarvan as 'n volhoubare waterhulpbron-bestuursmeganisme te ondersoek. Die studie plaas eerstens die konsep van GOGB in perspektief, waama die studiegebied ruimtelik binne die Suid-Afrikaanse en streekskonteks afgebaken word. Gemeenskapsgebaseerde aksienavorsing as navorsingsbenadering verskaf die tegnieke om die tweeledigheid van die GOGB proses, naamlik menslike en fisiese elemente in 'n opvanggebied, te verso en en te integreer en om die gemeenskap suksesvol by die proses te betrek. Die eerste fase van die studie behels die insameling van bestaande en nuwe inligting en die ornskrywing van die omgewingstatus van die opvanggebied in 'n situasie-analise, wat as inligtingsdokurnent aan die gemeenskap voorgele word om publieke deelname te inisieer. Gedurende die tweede fase is 'n gemeenskapsvennootskap gevestig met behulp van inleidende onderhoude, korrespondensie, fokusgroepbyeenkomste en pub Iieke forums. Die derde en uitvoerende lase is gekenmerk deur die mobilisering van die gemeenskapsvennootskap m die uitvoering van strategiese beplanningsprosedures soos die formulering van 'n opvanggebiedvisie, prioritisering van tersaaklike opvanggebiedkwessies, bestuursdoelwitstelling en die formulering en implementering van aksieplanne vir die bestuur van verskeie kwessies in die opvanggebied. Die gevolgtrekking na die noukeurige evaluering van die verloop van hierdie studie, is dat die implementering van gemeenskapsgedrewe gemtegreerde opvanggebiedbestuur in 'n kleiner opvanggebied wel suksesvol kan wees. 'n Paar beslissende vereistes moet met toekomstige toepassings elders in ag geneem word, naamIik: • Dat die studiegebied oppervlakgewys klein genoeg moet wees sodat alle rolspelers relatief maklik betrek kan word en 'n opvanggebied-identiteit en "eienaarskap" van die proses kan ontwikkel; • Die proses moet aanvanklik ekstem fasiliteer word, totdat 'n gemeenskapsvennootskap gevestig is en 'n bestuurskomitee verkies is, waama die fasilitering en bestuur van die proses aan die gemeenskap oorgegee moet word om uiteindelik ten volle gemeenskapsgedrewe te word; • Dat sosio-ekonomiese kwessies aanvanklik aandag b6 die natuurlike omgewing sal geniet, maar dat hierdie kwessies benut moet word om die GOGB proses te vestig, waama die natuurlike omgewing vanselfsprekend hoer prioriteit sal geniet; en • Dat die navorser veral gedurende die tweede en derde fases van die proses geduld moet behou, omdat publieke deelname en veral die vestiging van 'n gemeenskapsgedrewe proses, tydsaam en vermoeiend kan wees. Hierdie gevallestudie beklemtoon dat elke toepassing van GOGB uniek sal wees omdat die mate van gemeenskapsdeelname en -prioriteite tussen opvanggebiedgemeenskappe sal verskil. Gemeenskapsgedrewe gemtegreerde opvanggebiedbestuur is onder geen ornstandighede 'n kitsoplossing vir waterbestuur en -bewaring nie, maar dit is die enigste volhoubare opsie. SLEUTEL WOORDE: opvanggebiedbestuur, publieke/gemeenskapsdeelname, situasie-analise, waterhulpbronbestuur, aksienavorsing

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Bunting, Daniel Paul. "Riparian Restoration and Management of Arid and Semiarid Watersheds." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/228166.

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Riparian ecosystems are valued for ecosystem services which have impacts on the well-being of humans and the environment. Anthropogenic disturbances along rivers in arid and semiarid regions have altered historical flow regimes and compromised their integrity. Many rivers are hydroecologically deteriorated, have diminished native riparian forests, and are pressured for their water supplies. My first study is founded on the premise that river restoration has increased exponentially with little documentation on effectiveness. We designed a conference to discuss lessons learned from past restoration activities to benefit future efforts. Participants, including scientists, managers, and practitioners, agreed that creating measureable objectives with subsequent monitoring is essential for quantifying success and employing adaptive management. Attendees stated that current projects are local and have limited funding and time, whereas future efforts must have longer funding cycles, larger timeframes, should contribute to regional goals, and address factors responsible for ecological decline. Bridging gaps among science, management, and policy in the 21st century is a key component to success. My second study focused on the benefits of long-term monitoring of local riparian restoration. Many efforts include revegetation components to re-establish native cottonwood-willow communities, but do not address how high-density establishment impacts vegetation dynamics and sustainability. Over five years, we documented significantly higher growth rates, lower mortality, and higher cover in cottonwood compared to non-native tamarisk. Cottonwood height, diameter at breast height, growth rates, and foliar volumes were reduced at higher densities. Herbaceous species decreased every year but native shrubs volunteered after two years resulting in a reduction of overall plant diversity from 2007-2009 with a slight increase from 2009-2011.My third study focused on improving basin-scale evapotranspiration (ET), a large component of the water budget, to better inform water resource allocation. My research suggests that multiple models are required for basin-scale ET estimates due to vegetation variability across water-limitation gradients. We created two empirical models using remote sensing, a multiplicative riparian ET model (r²=0.92) using MODIS nighttime land surface temperature (LST(n)) and enhanced vegetation index, and an upland ET model (r²=0.77) using multiple linear regression replacing LST(n) with a precipitation input.

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Emanuel, Robert, Russ Radden, and Richard J. Clark. "Arizona Watershed Stewardship Guide: Life in the Watershed -- Part I: Watershed Ecology." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146933.

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21 pp.
Arizona Watershed Stewardship Guide: Geology, Geomorphology and Soils Arizona Watershed Stewardship Guide: Working Together Arizona Watershed Stewardship Guide: Hydrology Arizona Watershed Stewardship Guide: Fire in Watersheds Arizona Watershed Stewardship Guide: Climate
Arizona Watershed Stewardship Guide was created to help individuals and groups build a mutual foundation of basic knowledge about watersheds in Arizona. It is intended to help Arizonans understand and be good stewards of their watersheds. The guide was designed to compliment the mission of Arizona Master Watershed Steward program to educate and train citizens across the state of Arizona to serve as volunteers in the monitoring, restoration, conservation, and protection of their water and watersheds. The guide consists of 10 self-contained modules which teach about one or more important aspects of watershed science or management.

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Viers, Joshua Hunter. "Remote methodologies of watershed assessment : applications toward conservation and restoration in the Navarro River watershed /." For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2003. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Wilder, Lacey E. "Assessment of Restoration Seedings on Utah Watershed Restoration Initiative Project Sites." DigitalCommons@USU, 2017. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6793.

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Overabundance of shrubs poses a major threat to semiarid ecosystems due to degraded understory vegetation. Previous efforts suggest a need for greater understanding of which management practices work best to improve these ecosystems. I sought to develop a better understanding of how the relative performance of commonly seeded species is influenced by three sagebrush removal techniques. I calculated effect sizes for cover and frequency to estimate relative changes in abundance of 15 common plant species seeded at 63 restoration sites throughout Utah. Shrubs were reduced by fire or mechanical treatment. Effect sizes were assessed using meta-analysis techniques for two post-treatment timeframes. Introduced grasses and shrubs had greater increases in cover and frequency following treatment, respectively. The introduced shrub Bassia prostrata experienced the largest increases in abundance following treatments. Forb abundance was highest when treated with fire. Over the long term the fire treatment resulted in greater increases for four of the seven grass species. Large increases in perennial grasses over time suggest that seeding efforts contributed to enhancing understory herbaceous conditions. My results provide new insights regarding the interactive effects of species and shrub-reduction treatments. Secondly, I evaluated emergence patterns of six commonly seeded restoration species in soils collected from Wyoming big sagebrush (A. t. ssp. wyomingensis [Beetle & A. Young] S.L. Welsh) and mountain big sagebrush (A. t. ssp. vaseyana [Rydb.] Beetle) plant communities. I developed a novel experimental design that regularly wetted soils to field capacity and allowed them to naturally dry by evaporation, which resulted in distinct differences in the duration of wet-dry cycles. Results showed that inherent differences in soil texture and organic matter between vaseyana and wyomingensis soils translated into fundamental differences in soil water holding capacity. Although species collectively exhibited greater emergence in vaseyana soils than wyomingensis soil, patterns were vastly different among species and differences between soils became more pronounced under low soil water for two of the test species. I concluded that the manner in which soils and water uniquely influenced emergence patterns provide new insights in species suitability for restoration sites and how inherent soil differences may constrain seeding success.

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Desta, Assefa, and Aregai Tecle. "Restoration Capability of the Former Beaver Creek Watershed." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296610.

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McReynolds, Kim, Susan Pater, and Kristine Uhlman. "Arizona Watershed Stewardship Guide: Watershed Basic -- Part I: Water Resources." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146914.

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15 pp.
Arizona Watershed Stewardship Guide (10 related modules to be published in combined form)
Arizona Watershed Stewardship Guide was created to help individuals and groups build a mutual foundation of basic knowledge about watersheds in Arizona. It is intended to help Arizonans understand and be good stewards of their watersheds. The guide was designed to compliment the mission of Arizona Master Watershed Steward program to educate and train citizens across the state of Arizona to serve as volunteers in the restoration, conservation, monitoring, and protection of their water and watersheds. The guide consists of 10 self-contained modules which teach about important aspects of watershed science and management.

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Withers, Urban Samuel. "Linking Stream Restoration Success with Watershed, Practice and Design Characteristics." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/95491.

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In the United States, stream restoration is currently a billion-dollar industry. Though it is commonly used as a method for stream impact mitigation, Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) crediting, and stormwater management, there is little scientific knowledge defending stream restoration as an effective tool for addressing these issues. In particular, few studies have been conducted with the goal of providing recommendations for future design improvements. To improve stream restoration success rates by advising practitioners and stakeholders in site selection and project assessment, a selection of completed Maryland stream restoration projects were assessed at the watershed and project level. Watershed, site, and design characteristics were quantified using ArcGIS, restoration design plans and monitoring reports. Using current literature and expert advice, stream restoration assessment methodologies were developed to assess geomorphic function and design success both in the field and through monitoring reports. Multiple linear regression analysis and related methods were then used to identify correlations and relationships between watershed- and project-level characteristics and stream restoration success. At the watershed scale, land use was most strongly related to functional success, with projects in more natural watersheds exhibiting higher geomorphic function. Design scores correlated negatively with watershed area. At the project level, projects with higher width to depth ratios scored higher on the functional assessment, while particle size was negatively correlated with geomorphic function. Study results suggest stream restoration designs are improving over time, but the ability to determine project success from monitoring remains limited.
Master of Science
In the United States, stream restoration is currently a multi-billion-dollar industry. Though it is commonly used as a method for water quality improvement, stormwater management, and habitat restoration after human disturbance, there is little scientific knowledge defending stream restoration as an effective tool for addressing these issues. In particular, few studies have been conducted with the goal of providing recommendations for future design improvements. To improve stream restoration success rates by advising practitioners and stakeholders in site selection and project assessment, a selection of completed Maryland stream restoration projects were assessed at the watershed and project level. Watershed, site, and design characteristics were quantified using spatial data analysis software along with restoration design plans and monitoring reports. Using current literature and expert advice, stream restoration assessment methodologies were developed to assess stream ability to transport water and sediment, as well as design resilience using monitoring reports, and during field visits. Data analysis showed projects built in more rural, natural watersheds were more similar to undisturbed streams. Projects constructed in large watersheds were less likely to remain stable after repeated storm events. At the project level, projects that were wider rather than deep were more functional, while those with significant amounts of large rock were less successful. Stream restoration designs seem to be improving with time, but the ability to determine project success from monitoring remains limited.

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Kursky, Joshua, and Aregai Tecle. "WATERSHED RESTORATION EFFORTS AT HART PRAIRIE IN NORTHERN ARIZONA." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621702.

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Hart Prairie is a high-elevation upland riparian ecosystem on the west slope of the San Francisco Peaks in northern Arizona. The location is unique, not only as an upland riparian area in the semi-arid Southwest, but also for having a wet meadow ecosystem dominated by Bebb willow (Salix bebbiana). The ecosystem has experienced a high degree of change since the time of Euro-American settlement. Along with fire suppression, increased wild ungulate herbivory rates, and conifer encroachment into a historically short-grass prairie, several humaninduced changes have been made to the topography of the watershed. Stock tanks, an earthen berm with associated diversion channels, and a road that cuts perpendicularly across the direction of water flow near the base of the watershed have contributed to the altered drainage patterns and the decreased water availability to the flora and fauna in the area. As a result, the Bebb willows and the associated meadow vegetation are at risk. Most of the willows, which constitute the majority of the canopy in the ecosystem, are at a decadent, over-mature stage that allows a limited recruitment of younger plants (Maschinski 1991, Waring 1992). Under these conditions, the plant community may die off leading to the loss of this rare riparian area forever. Research on restoration efforts have been undertaken since the mid-1990s on The Nature Conservancy’s Hart Prairie Preserve and the adjacent US Forest Service Fern Mountain Botanical Area. This paper summarizes the efforts that have been made; most of which targeted to improve the low germination rates of willow seeds, and to restore the geomorphology and surface flow patterns to their pre-disturbance conditions.

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Hill, Jennifer Marie. "Effective implementation of watershed management." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11541.

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Bishopp, Michael. "A model for prioritizing chinook salmon habitat remedial action in a watershed of King County, WA." Connect to this title online, 2004. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Fall2004/m%5Fbishopp%5F120104.pdf.

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Pazol, Jordan Samuel. "Effects of Floodplain Reconnection on Storm Response of Restored River Ecosystems." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1618926160551753.

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35

Rivest, Sébastien. "Watershed evaluation of beneficial management practices: the Bras d'Henri watershed-on-farm economics." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66796.

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The Watershed Evaluation of Beneficial Management Practices (WEB's) project is funded by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC). This study addresses the issue of non-point source agricultural pollution in the Bras d'Henri sub-watershed. It estimates the economic impact on the farm of an increased environmental constraint and the environmental and economic performance of Best Management Practices (BMPs) to satisfy this environmental constraint. The model's objective was to maximize net farm income subject to an environmental constraint, farm characteristics, and animal nutrient requirements. Results indicate that increasing the pollution emission constraint: (1) Reduces agricultural non-point source (NPS) pollution, (2) forces cropping patterns and farming practices to change, (3) reduces profit, and (4) induces average abatement cost and marginal abatement cost to increase at an increasing rate. Also, with comparable environmental constraints, farms are economically better off when the environmental constraint was set at the watershed scale as opposed to being set at the farm scale.
Le projet d'Évaluation des pratiques de gestions bénéfique à l'échelle du basin versant (EBB) est financé par Agriculture Canada (AAAC). Cette étude met l'emphase sur la problématique de pollution diffuse agricole présente dans le sous-bassin versant du Bras d'Henri. Cette étude fait l'estimation de l'impact à la ferme d'une contrainte environnementale croissante et de la performance environnementale et économique des Pratiques de Gestions Bénéfiques (PGB) pour satisfaire une contrainte environnementale. Les objectifs du model était de maximiser les revenus nets agricoles en ce conformant à une contrainte environnemental, à l'utilisation unique des champs, et au respect des besoins nutritionnels des animaux. Les résultats indiquent que la présence d'une contrainte environnementale croissante : (1) réduit l'émission de pollution diffuse agricole, (2) force les habitudes de production à changer, (3) réduit les revenus nets agricole, et (4) fait en sorte que les coûts moyens d'abattement et les coûts marginaux d'abattement augmentent et accélèrent. De plus, soumis à des contraintes environnementales similaires, les fermes sont économiquement gagnantes lorsque la contrainte environnemental est fixée à l'échelle de du bassin versant contrairement à une contrainte environnementale fixée à l'échelle de la ferme.

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Yazawa, Taishi. "Design Flood Criteria toward Integrated Watershed Management in the Johor River Watershed, Malaysia." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/225577.

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Galewski, Nancy. "Campesino community participation in watershed management." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/34753.

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A series of threats face campesino communities' water management practices in the Callejón de Huaylas (upper region of the Santa Watershed). Competition for water resources is escalating due to increasing demand, decreasing supply, and a rise in contamination levels, leaving campesino communities in a precarious state as a result of their marginalized position in Peruvian society. Competition for water resources occurs between upstream and downstream users and amongst sectors including mining, agriculture, hydropower, and domestic water users. The national government recently passed an integrated water resource management system to improve water governance. However, bureaucratic tendencies make it unlikely that campesinos will receive an adequate share of resources. Campesino communities in the Callejón need to adopt new strategies to improve their position vis á-vis other sectors and resist capture of resources. Campesinos are important to the discussion of water resource management because they have long established systems of self-regulated management and need to be included in the new system of watershed governance. This research first examines local water management strategies and integrated water management through four characteristics: 1) how is water framed, 2) is decision-making participatory, 3) is water management appropriate to the local and regional level, and 4) is it possible to monitor activity and impose consequences for unauthorized water usage. Interviews with campesino community members and leaders, local officials, regional representatives, and non-governmental organizations found opportunities to collaborate between groups and transfer some management responsibilities to a more regional watershed scale. Second, this research examines the opportunities and barriers to scaling up traditional management practices to meet regional needs while ensuring local water availability. Scaling decision-making is imperative for successful integrated water management and will allow campesino communities to continue to manage their water to meet local needs. Shifting the decision-making scale may facilitate more effective watershed governance with campesino community participation.

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Dorn, Jason Liam. "Evolutionary Algorithms to Aid Watershed Management." NCSU, 2004. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-12282004-235442/.

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Watershed management is a complex process involving multiple uses, diverse stakeholders, and a variety of computer-based hydrologic and hydraulic simulation models. Exploring for efficient solutions and making decisions about the best integrated management strategies to implement can be improved through the use of quantitative systems analytic techniques. In addition to identifying mathematically optimal solutions, these techniques should also be able to consider issues that may not be properly represented in the models or may be in conflict with one another. As the complexities of the system models grow, contemporary heuristic search methods, including evolutionary algorithms (EAs), are becoming increasingly common in quantitative analysis of such challenging decision-making problems. More research is needed to enhance and extend the capabilities of these newer search methods to meet the growing challenges. Further, these new systems analytic capabilities are best made accessible to practitioners through a generic computational framework that integrates the system simulation models with the suite of search techniques. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to develop new EA-based system analytic methods for addressing integrated watershed management problems and a computational framework within which their capabilities are enabled for watershed management applications. EA-based methods to generate good alternative solutions and for multiobjective optimization have been developed and tested, and their performances compare well with those of other procedures. These new methods were also demonstrated through successful applications to realistic problems in watershed management. These techniques were integrated into and implemented within a new computer-based decision support framework that supports the integration of the user?s preferred watershed models, methods to perform uncertainty and/or sensitivity analyses thereon, and multiple state-of-the-art optimization heuristic search procedures to identify good management strategies that meet the problem-specific (e.g., fiscal or environmental) objectives and constraints. The design of the software framework is described with a demonstration of its capabilities via a case study involving several scenarios of a watershed management problem.

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Haseltine, Michael, Barbara Hutchinson, and Malchus B. Jr Backer. "Improving Access to Watershed Management Information." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296595.

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Ffolliott, Peter F., Malchus B. Jr Baker, Leonard F. DeBano, Daniel G. Neary, and Gerald J. Gottfried. "Perspectives on Watershed Management in Arizona." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296586.

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Menerey, Melissa E. "Stakeholder Involvement in Watershed Management: A Case Study of Sunday Creek Watershed Management Plans in Southeastern Ohio." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1307123398.

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Moreno, Ramírez Denise. "Variables that contribute to the success of watershed organizations: analysis of past efforts in developing nations with an application in the Mexican portion of the upper San Pedro River basin." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2005. http://etd.library.arizona.edu/etd/GetFileServlet?file=file:///data1/pdf/etd/azu_etd_hy0315_sip1_w.pdf&type=application/pdf.

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Swaffer, Wes. "The Changing Upper Verde River Watershed and Plans for Its Restoration." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/296988.

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Schmidt, Carly H. "DETERMINING SUCCESS IN WATERSHED RESTORATION USING INTERDISCIPLINARY METRICS: RIO SALADO ENVIRONMENTAL RESTORATION PROJECT, PHOENIX, ARIZONA." Arizona-Nevada Academy of Science, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621705.

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Ecological restoration has yet to gain an indepth understanding of the social dynamics that inform restoration design and enable improved watershed performance in urban environments. The Rio Salado Environmental Restoration Project is unique in that the scale of the project expands to new reaches of the Salt River with each successful venture. The 40-year project has been most successful in recent years due to innovative strategies that capitalize on public outreach and inclusion. Adoption of multi-purpose objectives that include partnerships, public stakeholders, and learning achievement have contributed to the project's success. The ability of the restored system to withstand flood events is one of the many examples demonstrating the project's qualifications as a model for future urban restoration efforts. Lessons about the social dynamics that inform urban restoration success have the potential to augment scientific learning in ecological restoration.

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Flowers-Shanklin, Davita-Christine. "Inclusive Restoration and Environmental Justice: A Case Study in Milwaukee's Urban Watershed." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/19300.

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Urban ecological restoration and the creation of urban green space has become a major focus for environmental organizations in Milwaukee, WI. This thesis examines the inclusivity practices of two Milwaukee organizations working on environmental restoration and asks the question, how can inclusive restoration be used to broaden the environmental justice framework? Literature was reviewed on the topics of Inclusive Restoration, Access to Green Space, and Environmental Justice. Through participant observations, interviews, and surveys, themes emerged regarding the perceived value of urban restoration, creation of green space, and how Inclusive Restoration is or is not used to enhance community engagement and further environmental justice discourse. The organizations were evaluated with regard to their inclusive restoration practices using the Multicultural Organization Development Model. Recommendations are offered with the intention of increasing the engagement of communities directly affected by organizational restoration practices with regard to project planning and volunteer participation.

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Slemp, Christopher T. "An assessment of community capacity for sustainable watershed management in the lower Kaskaskia River watershed /." Available to subscribers only, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1966551511&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Ho, Sharon Pui Kwan. "Watershed stewardship boards, a partnership between community and government in watershed management in Nova Scotia." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0016/MQ57297.pdf.

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Karigomba, Wilbert. "A spatial optimization approach to watershed water quality management a case of the Opequon watershed /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/10782.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2009.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 199 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 142-172).

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Slemp, Christopher Thomas. "An Assessment of Community Capacity for Sustainable Watershed Management in the Lower Kaskaskia River Watershed." OpenSIUC, 2009. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/131.

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Sprawling low density housing and retail developments characterize the growth patterns of many communities nationally. These patterns of development have been associated with impairments in ecosystem services that are critical to the functioning of social and natural systems. In response to the negative implications of these patterns, watershed initiatives are taking place across the U.S. These initiatives are characterized by participatory decision making processes involving diverse community interest groups. Studies have indicated that leadership and social capital contribute to the success of these initiatives. A qualitative assessment of community capacity for sustainable watershed management was conducted in two Lower Kaskaskia River watersheds. The study communities of Belleville and O'Fallon, Illinois are located in the eastern metropolitan region of St. Louis, MO. The primary concerns of community managers and planners are related to managing growth and its negative impacts on economic, social, and natural capitals. Six research questions drove this capacity assessment: (1) How do diverse community managers and residents define community health, (2) What role does the natural environment play in perceptions of community health, (3) What are the perceived effects of urbanization on the study communities, (4) What are community stakeholders' beliefs about the level of environmental protection within their communities, (5) What are stakeholders' perceptions of their communities' ability to solve problems and (6) What are critical indicators of community capacity to engage in sustainable watershed management. Study findings suggest that healthy natural environments are an essential element of healthy communities. Indicators of community capacity for watershed management were identified by participants. This list of indicators can be used as a tool by residents that have identified a need for a watershed initiative in their community. Key findings suggest that developing a sustainable vision, networking between groups, and leadership play important roles in the successful implementation of community based watershed initiatives.

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de, Leon Raymond F. "Developing a Service-Learning Program for Watershed Management: Lessons from the Stroubles Creek Watershed Initiative." Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37100.

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There has been a growing interest and support by many state and local programs to address aquatic resource protection and restoration at a watershed level. The desire by many programs to implement watershed management programs has become more than just a need, rather a necessity to ensure suitable water resources. However, many challenges arise when developing and sustaining watershed programs. One such challenge is that watershed programs are resource intensive. These programs require significant funds to support monitoring, research, effective management, and to provide public outreach. In addition, these programs require knowledgeable and skilled water resource professionals who can implement and manage these tasks. Integrating university-knowledge and resources into the watershed effort can meet many of these challenges. Faculty, students, and in-kind university support can contribute knowledge, technical support, research funds, and personnel to aid and enhance watershed management activities. Furthermore, connecting watershed management activities with academic work can foster the development of future environmental planning, policy, and science professionals. The overall goal of this paper is to explore the integration of service-learning in higher education within watershed management activities. The concepts and benefits of service-learning are explored in this paper. An example of a watershed-based, service-learning initiative in the Stroubles Creek watershed, Virginia is presented. In addition, perspectives gathered from the Initiative's students and project coordinator (the author) on their work experience as service-learners are provided. The lessons and recommendations presented in this paper pave way to means of sustaining and enhancing service-learning program in watershed activities.
Master of Urban and Regional Planning

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Watershed management Watershed restoration'

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