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Journal articles on the topic 'Ways to reduce cost'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Sharfuddin, Ahmed Lisan. "Ways to Reduce Cost of Benefits." International Journal of Management Sciences and Business Research 7, no. 2 (2018): 15–18. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3483291.

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To motivate employees, providing benefits is a cheaper way than giving direct financial benefits. But as companies are continuing different benefits, it seems benefits are carrying a higher cost than cash pay for employees. Employee benefit plans providing life, disability, and medical-dental coverage represent a substantial cost to law firms as well as to other employers fringe benefits can represent the huge cost of payroll (Obetz, 1983). The Conference Board of Canada shows that the average cost of providing benefits for employees is $8,330 per full-time equivalent (conferenceboard.ca, 2015

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2

Mordvinova, V. A. "Possible ways to reduce the cost of cheesemaking products." Cheesemaking and buttermaking, no. 4 (2022): 22–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31515/2073-4018-2022-4-22-23.

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Rădulescu, Bruno, and Mara-Cristina Rădulescu. "Employng Reworking Areas to Reduce the Cost." Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Iași. Machine constructions Section 68, no. 4 (2022): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bipcm-2022-0039.

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Abstract The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the difference between the ways in which technology can be used to reduce manufacturing time, increasing quality and productivity at the same time. All this has results in a saving of energy, labor and resources in general.

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4

Bafoyev Otabek. "AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION COSTS, PRODUCT COST AND WAYS TO REDUCE IT IN UZBEKISTAN." Science Review, no. 4(21) (May 31, 2019): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_sr/31052019/6490.

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The cost of production is one of the most important indicators of the economic efficiency of agricultural production. It shows how much the production of agricultural products to a particular enterprise costs. The cost price reflects the qualitative aspect of the economic activities of enterprises: the efficiency of using production resources, the state of technology and organization of production, the introduction of science and advanced experience, the level of economic management. The cost of production is necessary to justify the rational allocation and specialization of agricultural produ

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Sekerin, V. D. "Ways to reduce the cost of production of continuous basalt fiber." Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 9, no. 2-5 (2015): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2074-0530-67036.

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The article analysis the production technology of continuous basalt fiber directions of its use in various sectors of the conclusion of the need to USO-improvement and stabilization of the existing technological processes. The ways to reduce the cost of continuous basalt fiber.

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6

Savchenkov, N. G., and A. I. Kolesnichenko. "Ways to reduce the cost and time of constructing earth dams." Hydrotechnical Construction 21, no. 5 (1987): 257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01463879.

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7

Sklyar, Aleksey, and Margarita Postnova. "Ways to Reduce Energy Costs in Poultry Farms." Vestnik Volgogradskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta. Serija 11. Estestvennye nauki, no. 2 (August 2018): 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu11.2018.2.13.

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Currently, the modern poultry farms are located in regions with different climatic conditions. Thus, the component of the electric power being the base for combined heating and ventilating systems, lighting, and local heating of poultry farms, is great in power engineering on the territory of the Russian Federation. The analysis of energy costs of poultry farms showed that of the estimated options for reducing the cost of electricity for poultry farms, one of the most effective can be an alternative source such as the generation of own electricity. Naturally, for biological production with a c

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Smith, Thomas J., Christopher E. Desch, and Bruce E. Hither. "Ways to Reduce the Cost of Oncology Care Without Compromising the Quality." Cancer Investigation 12, no. 2 (1994): 257–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/07357909409024884.

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9

Dyer, C. "Government looks at ways to reduce the cost of NHS negligence claims." BMJ 342, feb18 1 (2011): d1131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.d1131.

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10

Puzirnova, V. G., and N. P. Doroshenko. "WAYS TO REDUCE THE COST OF PRODUCTION OF PLANTING MATERIAL IN VITRO." Russian Vine 24 (August 11, 2023): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32904/2712-8245-2023-24-27-35.

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New data on the effectiveness of using the in vitro vine collection for growing healthy planting material are presented. The collection is maintained in vitro in the biotechnology laboratory of the All-Russian Research Institute for Viticulture and Winemaking named after Ya.I. Potapenko − branch of FSBSI «Federal Rostov Agricultural Research Center» by reducing the number of subcultivations. One of the directions of the laboratory's research is the search for ways to maintain the collection in conditions of slow growth, which reduces the cost of maintenance and contributes to the preservation

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T.B. Esenaliev, E.E.Kazybekova, and Z.N.Kazakbaeva. "WAYS OF LOGISTICS DEVELOPMENT IN KYRGYZSTAN." Herald of KSUCTA n a N Isanov, no. 2 (June 24, 2019): 340–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35803/1694-5298.2019.2.340-344.

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The main idea of the logistics center is a compact grouping of warehouses and other objects of the logistics infrastructure around the intermodal terminal. The creation of such centers in Kyrgyzstan will create an opportunity for many companies, agricultural producers, farmers to more effectively plan their work, reduce the cost of their goods, increase competition in the domestic market. This will reduce the monopoly of private companies on various activities in the country.

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12

Rozhko, Viktor I., and Andrii O. Sydorenko. "The Ways to Reduce the Self-Cost of Production: Analysis, Methodology and Prospects." Business Inform 5, no. 556 (2024): 333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2024-5-333-338.

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The article is devoted to the topical problem of reducing the self-cost of production in the modern market, especially in the context of Ukrainian enterprises that face unique challenges in the context of the ongoing war. The aim of this article is to analyze the main measures to reduce the cost of production, identify unresolved problems in this area and determine the prospects for further research. The article analyzes the main ways to reduce the self-cost and identifies unresolved problems, such as insufficiently active introduction of new technologies, instability of the economic situation

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13

Zharova, EN. "Transaction costs in the system of innovation management and ways to reduce them." Science. Innovation. Education 10, no. 2 (2015): 204–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3787270.

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In the face of economic instability, innovative activity is associated with high risk, large inancial investment, long-lasting life cycle of an innovative product, covering all stages from idea to commercialization. To ensure effective cost management in organization, it is increasingly important to perform estimation of transaction costs and to identify ways to minimize them. Transaction Cost Management has a signiicant impact on inancial results of enterprises, including organizations of the innovation sector. Initial research in the ield of transaction costs had been con

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14

Sukhina, Nadezhda, Ekaterina Lebedeva, Pavel Zhuravlev, Inna Chernykh, Xenia Kotova, and Hafis Hajiyev. "Financial management methods and ways to optimize costs." International Review, no. 3-4 (2021): 179–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/intrev2103177s.

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The article discusses financial management methods and ways to optimize costs. Management of the cost of production of enterprises is a systematic process of formation of costs for the production of all products and the cost of individual products, control over the fulfillment of tasks to reduce the cost of production, identification of reserves for its reduction. Enterprise cost management is a component of the enterprise management system as a whole. Therefore, in general terms, let us dwell on some aspects of enterprise management in order to understand the essence of cost management. Manag

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Eskov, D., D. Tsibaev, and D. Ribalkin. "Ways to reduce the cost of processing edges in the manufacture of furniture." Актуальные направления научных исследований XXI века: теория и практика 3, no. 2 (2015): 416–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/11129.

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16

Buranova, Lola. "WAYS TO REDUCE THE PRODUCTION COST OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES IN STRENGTHENING FINANCIAL AUTHORITY." International Journal of Economics and Innovative Technologies 11, no. 4 (2023): 155–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.55439/eit/vol11_iss4/a17.

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The article “Strengthening the financial potential by reducing the cost of production of industrial enterprises” considers the impact of the volume of industrial production on the financial potential of the Surkhandarya region, analyzes the main factors affecting the volume of production of construction enterprises, built econometric models and forecast scenarios until 2027. The role of each operating in the region enterprises is incomparable in strengthening the parameters of the budget, tax potential and financial resources of the region.

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17

Artikov, Nodirjon Yakubdjanovich, and Shavkat Jabborberganovich Kurbanbayev. "Analysis And Optimization Of Product Costs And Expenses In Enterprises." American Journal of Management and Economics Innovations 03, no. 01 (2021): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajmei/volume03issue01-04.

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This article discusses the analysis and optimization of product costs and expenses in enterprises. Manufacturing companies and their financial statements is the subject of this article. The subject of this article is to determine the cost of production in this industrial enterprise, its current state and ways to further reduce it. And this article also aims to identify ways to reduce the cost of production in industrial enterprises in the context of modernization of the economy and to develop scientific conclusions and recommendations.

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18

Yakimov, O., G. Zadorozhko, L. Bovnegra, S. Beznos, and V. Balan. "POSSIBLE WAYS TO REDUCE THE COST OF GRINDING PROCESS OF PRODUCTS WITH INTERMITTENT CIRCLES." Odes’kyi Politechnichnyi Universytet Pratsi 1, no. 54 (2018): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15276/opu.1.54.2018.05.

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19

Li, De-Chang, and Hua-Long Yang. "Scheduling of Mixed Fleet Passing Through River Bottleneck in Multiple Ways." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, no. 10 (2024): 1860. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse12101860.

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This paper addresses the scheduling problem of a mixed fleet passing through a river bottleneck in multiple ways, considering the impact of streamflow velocity, the fuel cost with different sailing speeds, and the potential opportunity cost of various types and sizes of vessels. From the perspective of centralized management by river bottleneck authorities, a unified scheduling approach is proposed, and a nonlinear model is constructed, where the total fuel cost and potential opportunity cost of the fleet are minimized. To handle the nonlinear terms in the model, an outer approximation techniq

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20

Chernyshenko, O., T. Kobeleva, and T. Poliakova. "DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS FOR PLANNING THE COST OF INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION AND WAYS TO REDUCE IT." Energy saving. Power engineering. Energy audit., no. 5(195) (August 8, 2024): 130–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2313-8890.2024.05.09.

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In the current market economy conditions, the effectiveness of industrial enterprises largely depends on their ability to compete, which is closely linked to the cost of production. In this context, the planning of industrial goods' costs becomes a key aspect that influences pricing, profitability, and consequently, the stable financial position of the company. The relevance of developing effective cost planning methods and finding ways to reduce them is undoubted and driven by the need to increase competitiveness in domestic and international markets.

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Лазаревич, А. Н., Н. И. Пыжикова, and Е. Ю. Власова. "The ways to reduce the pork production cost (on the example of the Krasnoyarsk Territory)." Экономика и предпринимательство, no. 8(145) (January 19, 2023): 1308–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.34925/eip.2022.145.8.270.

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Современные технологии в свиноводстве позволяют в короткие сроки не только количественно увеличить объемы отечественного производства свинины, но и значительно снизить ее себестоимость. Рентабельность откорма свиней зависит от величины среднесуточных приростов и затрат кормовых средств на прирост живой массы и качества туши. Нехватка кормов и несбалансированность рационов ведут к снижению продуктивности животных, поэтому их генетический потенциал используется в хозяйствах лишь на 60-70 % от своих возможностей. От правильной организации его в значительной степени зависит уровень производства и

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22

Усова, S. Usova, Шепелев, and V. Shepelev. "COST ANALYSIS OF FREIGHT ROAD TRANSPORT." Alternative energy sources in the transport-technological complex: problems and prospects of rational use of 2, no. 2 (2015): 858–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/19583.

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The article describes the analysis of the structure of the transportation costs, the share of expenditure items identified, reflected comparison of several countries, the ways to reduce costs. A significant impact on the cost of the rolling stock has uneven cargo flows, which leads to considerable empty runs

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23

Schroven, Danielle. "How to reduce skin damage in a COVID-19 world." Dental Nursing 16, no. 12 (2020): 612–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/denn.2020.16.12.612.

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Hand hygiene is one of the most preventative ways to reduce the spread of viruses, but at what cost to your skin? Dental nurse Danielle Schroven talks about her ‘clean, protect and restore’ approach to avoiding skin damage

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24

Hall, A. J., and P. G. Smith. "Prevention of hepatocellular cancer: One of the most cost-effective ways to reduce adult mortality?" British Journal of Cancer 81, no. 7 (1999): 1097–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjc.6690813.

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25

Kuznetsova, Inna, and Valentyna Horbatyuk. "Ways to minimize costs of flour milling enterprises of Ukraine." Economic Analysis, no. 32(4) (2022): 236–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2022.04.236.

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Introduction. The competitiveness of products of flour milling enterprises is quite low on the world flour market due to the high cost. In order to achieve leading positions in foreign markets, Ukrainian flour mills need the formation of stable competitive advantages, which, in turn, is possible on the basis of reducing the cost of production. Goal. The purpose of the article is to find ways to reduce production costs of flour milling enterprises of Ukraine based on the definition of inefficient production costs. Methodology. The research used the method of generalization - to determine the es

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26

Salomova, Sarvinoz. "Ways to use intellectual platforms in the Republic of Uzbekistan." E3S Web of Conferences 384 (2023): 01060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202338401060.

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The article is scientifically based on the development of the activities of JSC “Ohangarontsement”, a cement producer in Uzbekistan in the digital economy, based on the use of intelligent platforms. Ways to reduce the cost and increase the efficiency of products based on digital information and communication technology are presented.

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27

Levshin, G. E. "WAYS TO IMPROVE INDUCTION CRUCIBLE FURNARES." Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 62, no. 2 (2019): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2019-2-97-102.

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Analysis of the main drawbacks caused by increased walls thickness of a lined crucible, presence of tubular copper single-layer inductor cooled from inside with standard water and absence or presence of core I-shaped magnetic circuits arranged around it forming a discrete ferromagnetic screen, was made for modern induction crucible furnaces. The first drawback is that a significant part of working electromagnetic flow Fwork is not used for effective heating, since it passes along the non-conductive lining of crucible, and not along the cage. Therefore, only 38.5 – 57.0 % of the flow Fwork is e

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28

Nekrasov, S. A., and V. V. Klimenko. "On ways to reduce the energy supply costs in Russia." MIR (Modernization. Innovation. Research) 15, no. 3 (2024): 356–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18184/2079-4665.2024.15.3.356-370.

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Purpose: is to research of ways to reduce the energy supply costs for Russian consumers.Methods: the analysis of the transformation of the electric power industry was carried out using the tools of tectology and system economic theory.Results: the key reason for the constant increase in the cost of energy supply has been identified, which is the transition from a systematic approach to energy development aimed at increasing general economic efficiency to maximizing the economic performance of independent energy companies. The need to adjust the basic principles laid down in the concept of elec

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29

Izobo-Martins, Oladunni Oluwatoyin, Ekhaese Eghosa, and Ayo-Vaughan Kunle Emmanuel. "Architects’ View on Design Consideration that Can Reduce Maintenance Cost." Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences 9, no. 3 (2018): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mjss-2018-0061.

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Abstract Buildings are designed with the intent of lasting for a certain period of time. Building maintenance in different building typology is described as multi-faceted activities which involve planning, directing, controlling and organizing resources for the sustenance of the building’s physical, functional and operational performance. The research focused on ways cost of maintaining a building was done, effectively or efficiently with the influence of the design approach used. Literatures of works pertaining to building maintenance were reviewed to identify the various impacts, influences

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Smith, Thomas J., Bruce E. Hillner, and Ronan J. Kelly. "Reducing the Cost of Cancer Care: How to Bend the Curve Downward." American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book, no. 32 (June 2012): e46-e51. http://dx.doi.org/10.14694/edbook_am.2012.32.183.

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Overview: Health care and cancer care costs are rising unsustainably such that insurance costs have doubled in 10 years. Oncologists find themselves both victims of high costs and the cause of high-cost care by what we do and what we do not do. We previously outlined five ways that oncologists could personally bend the cost curve downward and five societal attitudes that would require change to lower costs. Here, we present some practical ways to reduce costs while maintaining or improving quality, including: 1) evidence-based surveillance after curative therapy; 2) reduced use of white cell s

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31

ОСПАНОВА, Ф. Б. "DYNAMICS OF CHANGES IN AGRICULTURE, TRANSACTION COST THEORY AND OPTIMIZATION." Экономика и предпринимательство, no. 12(149) (May 21, 2023): 169–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.34925/eip.2022.149.12.030.

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В статье подробно и всесторонне изучена теория трансакционных издержек,описаны пути снижения и оптимизации этих издержек в сельском хозяйстве. The article thoroughly and comprehensively studies the theory of transaction costs, describes ways to reduce and optimize these costs in agriculture.

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32

Zhorova, Alla, and Svetlana Tischenko. "Econometric analysis of the crops’ production prime cost in steppe zone." Management Theory and Studies for Rural Business and Infrastructure Development 36, no. 4 (2014): 988–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/mts.2014.093.

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Efficiency of agrarian production depends on the characteristics of the natural complex in specific territory. Managing costs on crop production in steppe zone is largely determined by correctly chosen strategy of development and tools of its implementation, taking into account cost and innovative technologies. The purpose of this paper is to identify possible ways to reduce the cost of crop production by constructing an econometric model. Searching of the most efficient ways of working agrarian enterprise is grounded by the intense technological progress, with considerable attention which is

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33

Mironova, Yuliya Aleksandrovna, and Svetlana Aleksandrovna Dedeeva. "FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF ENERGY TARIFFS AND WAYS TO REDUCE THEM ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SAKMARSKAYA THERMAL POWER PLANT." Chronos: economy sciences 6, no. 3(31) (2021): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.52013/2712-9713-31-1-6.

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This article presents the basic principles of pricing in the economy, examines the factors influencing the formation of tariffs in the energy sector. Using the example of the Sakmarskaya termal power stantion, the categories that determine the cost of finished products are distinguished. Measures are proposed that can reduce production costs and thereby reduce the cost of electric and thermal energy by about 1.5 times.

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34

Jones, Leah. "making ends meet – part 5: Old for new." Nursery World 2024, no. 10 (2024): 52–53. https://doi.org/10.12968/nuwa.2024.10.52a.

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Prykhodko, I. Yu, S. O. Vorobei, and V. V. Raznosilin. "Ways to reduce the thickness variation of thick sheets rolling." Fundamental and applied problems of ferrous metallurgy 37 (2023): 349–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.52150/2522-9117-2023-37-349-357.

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The purpose of the work is to develop scientific and technical proposals for reducing the longitudinal and transverse thickness variations of thick sheets when rolling on thick sheet mills. In recent years, there has been a constant increase in the cost of energy resources and increased competition between producers of rolled steel. Therefore, increasing the efficiency of the sheet rolling process by reducing the thickness variation and reducing the consumption coefficient is an urgent task. The Iron and Steel Institute of Z. I. Nekrasov National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine investigated the

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Kawamoto Júnior, Luiz Teruo, and Waltraudi Orchulhak Kawamot. "Multimedia Technology Used to Reduce Costs and Time." Advanced Materials Research 950 (June 2014): 283–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.950.283.

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Safety procedures are explained during lectures in basic scuba diving courses, but these rules are often counterintuitive and difficult to remember; many accidents occur because divers do not put into practice what they have been taught. Diving accidents are at higher growth than the growth of activity in the world. This research used multimedia in a virtual environment to detect safety aspects of diving more forgetful among experienced scuba divers. This way it is possible to develop courses more effectively: less cost and time spent and lower accident rate. Were discovered the safety procedu

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Adam, Taghreed, David B. Evans, and Marc A. Koopmanschap. "COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS: CAN WE REDUCE VARIABILITY IN COSTING METHODS?" International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 19, no. 2 (2003): 407–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462303000369.

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Objectives: The need for consistency and standardization of methods for economic appraisals has been recognized for some time and has led to the development of several sets of guidelines for economic evaluations and for costs. Despite this, considerable diversity is still apparent in applied studies. Some of these diversities might be defensible, and some might not. The objectives of this study are to explore sources of variations in the methods used in applied studies and to discuss the nature of these variations and the possibility of reducing some of them.Methods: We first use a systematic

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Oakley, M. J., J. D. Perry, A. L. Jones, S. Morgan, and A. W. McCaskie. "Mechanical Prophylaxis: Bacterial Colonisation and Sterilisation." HIP International 13, no. 1 (2003): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/112070000301300106.

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Mechanical forms of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) prophylaxis have been shown to be effective. One factor that has reduced their widespread acceptance is the relatively high cost. Multi-use would greatly reduce the cost but could increase risks of cross-infection. We have investigated the bacterial load on boots after a single use and identified many species of bacteria including multi-resistant strains and others implicated in hospital-acquired infection. These could represent a considerable risk during multi-use. In the second part of the study we have investigated ways of sterilising the boo

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Zavalin, A. A., and L. A. Sviridova. "Ways to increase the effectiveness of using urea." Agrohimiâ, no. 11 (November 30, 2024): 3–11. https://doi.org/10.31857/s0002188124110017.

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The use of prolonged nitrogen fertilizers makes it possible to reduce doses by 20–30% and the cost of their use. The use of prolonged forms of nitrogen fertilizers improves the quality of plant products by reducing their nitrate content. Various modifications of urea are used: fertilizers of prolonged action due to the weak solubility of granules, encapsulated fertilizers, fertilizers modified with urease and nitrification inhibitors, fertilizers with controlled release of nutrients, biomodified fertilizers, matrix fertilizers. The use of such fertilizers provides an increase in the nitrogen u

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Wu, Xin, Xue Jun Li, Jun Lu, and Liu Yang. "Analysis of Influencing Factor on Green Building’s Incremental Cost." Advanced Materials Research 1073-1076 (December 2014): 1249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1073-1076.1249.

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Recently the potential development of green architecture in our country is huge, but inaccurate control of green building’s incremental cost is the key reason for restricting its development. After analyzing influencing factors of green building’s incremental cost, four influencing factors are put forward:technical measures, project regions,fixed position and time to research feasibility. On basis of the factors, the ways are proposed to reduce green building’s incremental cost, which provides theoretical basis for the development of green architecture.

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Kurdekar, Mr Mahendra. "A Review on Strategies to Reduce Fuel Consumption in Different Phases of Flight." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 3 (2023): 799–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.49539.

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Abstract: Fuel consumption is a critical aspect of aviation that directly impacts the cost, safety, and environmental impact of air travel. Aircraft require significant amounts of fuel to power their engines and maintain their altitude and speed during flight. Therefore, optimizing fuel consumption is a key priority for airlines, pilots, and aviation engineers. By understanding the factors that affect fuel consumption airlines can develop fuel-efficient flight plans and operational procedures that reduce costs and minimize the environmental impact of air travel. Research on ways to reduce fuel

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42

Lyuba, Oksana. "Custom cost of commodity: problem aspects and ways of their decision." Herald of Economics, no. 2 (July 30, 2022): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/visnyk2022.02.171.

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Introduction. One of basic constituents of custom business there is a custom cost. Changes that take place during the last years from the moment of receipt by our state of independence, render substantial influence on forming of institute of custom cost in Ukraine. For today, one of major factors that have negative influence on the economy of Ukraine there is imperfection of methodology of determination of custom cost of commodities at their declaration. Custom payments form considerable profitable part of budget of the state, that is why authenticity of statement of custom cost is an extraord

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Zaman, Sharmin, Sunzid Ahmed, Md Raihan Kabir, and Md Latiful Bari. "Microbiological risk assessment and simple cost-effective ways to reduce the risk in bulk food bags manufacturing company." Journal of Food Safety 38, no. 5 (2018): e12497. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jfs.12497.

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Nikhil T, Lokesh Yadhav B R, Madan T L, Manjunath P, and Manu S. "Design and Fabrication of Sambar Serving Machine." International Journal of Scientific Research in Mechanical and Materials Engineering 8, no. 3 (2024): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.32628/ijsrmme24836.

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We know that are many ways to fabricate sambar vending machine, but all these ways take more time. Our aim is to reduce the time by “Design and Fabrication of Sambar Serving Machine” and increase the productivity. By this method pouring operations can be performed in a sequence. They are sambar, water, milk etc… by using clutch mechanism and lifter. This method reduces human effort and saves the production time. Apart from other methods this method can be used in places where investment cost has to be minimized. The device has been fabricated and tested which was able to perform the serving of

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Hasan, Shaddi, Amar Padmanabhan, Bruce Davie, et al. "Building Flexible, Low-Cost Wireless Access Networks with Magma." GetMobile: Mobile Computing and Communications 27, no. 3 (2023): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3631588.3631599.

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Good Internet connectivity has become a basic necessity all over the world. Although more than one-third of the global population does not have access to the Internet [46], commercial network operators claim that today's Internet has reached the user footprint that seems commercially viable to serve [22]. Reaching these users requires reducing the cost of providing Internet access to enable actors beyond traditional, large-scale commercial operators to build sustainable, scalable network infrastructure. Operators need effective ways to reduce costs through less expensive equipment and software

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Blott, H., C. Gordon, J. Bickford, and C. Ross. "An analysis of emergency leaves of absence from a United Kingdom high secure psychiatric hospital with a view to identifying ways to reduce their number." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (2017): S354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.336.

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IntroductionEmergency leaves of absence (ELOAs) from high secure psychiatric care are both costly and increase the risk posed to staff, patients and the general public. ELOAs were analysed to identify whether greater on-site physical health provision could reduce their number, and quantify the potential financial saving to the trust to do so.MethodAll ELOAs from Broadmoor hospital between 15.5.15–14.11.15 were assessed by a team of psychiatrists and a GP to identify whether they were “avoidable”, “unavoidable” or “potentially avoidable” if measures were taken. For the “potentially avoidable” g

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Morgan, Hani. "Improving Massive Open Online Courses to Reduce the Inequalities Created by Colonialism." Education Sciences 13, no. 8 (2023): 772. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci13080772.

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Many nations that were once colonized continue to suffer from the economic effects of the colonial period. People in countries with high levels of poverty may benefit from taking massive open online courses (MOOCs) because these courses are broadcast for free or for considerably less than the cost of enrolling in traditional classes. However, these courses have been criticized for maintaining the inequalities created by colonialism. This study focuses on exploring whether MOOCs create inequalities toward people living in the Global South. It addresses how language, access to technology, and ec

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Firsova, Irina, Galina Pyrchenkova, and Elena Radchenko. "Innovative methods of providing food security of the penitentiary system." E3S Web of Conferences 273 (2021): 13006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127313006.

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The objective need to reduce the budget expenditures on food for persons held in correctional institutions forces us to find ways to use the available resources more effectively. When dealing with food provision issues, it is necessary to keep in mind food security, that is, the stability of supplies and the availability of stocks in the required volume. Increasing the level of self-sufficiency in food in the penitentiary system of the Russian Federation with the simultaneous optimization of production costs for manufactured products looks like an obvious way to reduce budget expenditures. In

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Jha, Pankaj Kumar, Chamorn Chawengkijwanich, Kuaanan Techato, Warakorn Limbut, and Montri Luengchavanon. "Callistemon viminalis Leaf Extract Mediated Biosynthesis of Ag, rGO-Ag-ZnO Nanomaterials for Catalytic PEM Fuel Cell Application." Trends in Sciences 19, no. 11 (2022): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/tis.2022.493.

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Cost-effective manufacture of hydrogen proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEM-fuel cells) is of much interest to concerned researchers. Platinum metal has already shown good performance in the PEM fuel cell, yet its high cost means that it is not affordable to all nations. This paper identifies ways to reduce the cost by replacing platinum-based PEM fuel cells with synthesised eco-friendly silver (Ag) nanoparticles and reducing graphene oxide coated silver composited zinc oxide (rGO/Ag-ZnO) nanomaterials. Ag nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide coated silver composited zinc oxide nanomat

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Китабанов, А. "Ways to reduce the cost of maintenance of residential premises based on the use of the "smart house" system." Экономика и предпринимательство, no. 8(145) (January 19, 2023): 1022–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.34925/eip.2022.145.8.209.

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Современные экономические и политические реалии делают вызов для системы финансового планирования как отдельного человека, семей, так и общества в целом, особенно в разрезе расходования коммунальных ресурсов и их оплаты, что является актуальной проблематикой, являющейся частой темой научных дискуссий. По мнению большинства научных и практических деятелей, решением указанной проблематики является активная апробация уникальной и некотором роде новаторской системы «Умный дом». С теоретической точки зрения сущность указанной системы раскрывается по средствам ряда систематизирующих факторов, образу

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