Journal articles: 'WEA Sydney'

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O’Byrne, J. W., Graeme L. White, J. I. Harnett, and J. D. Biggs. "Adult Classes in Astronomy at Sydney University (1976-1986)." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 6, no. 4 (1986): 516–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1323358000018464.

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AbstractAdult education classes in astronomy have been conducted in Sydney for many years. The University of Sydney has been especially prominent in this field, holding classes in conjunction with the Sydney WEA prior to 1983, and independently since then. In the last 11 years, most of these courses have been conducted by postgraduate students from the Astrophysics and Astronomy departments in the University’s School of Physics. This paper describes these courses and points out some future possibilities in the teaching of astronomy to adult classes.

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Hartigan, Joshua, Shev MacNamara, Lance Leslie, and Milton Speer. "High resolution simulations of a tornadic storm affecting Sydney." ANZIAM Journal 62 (May 23, 2021): C1—C15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21914/anziamj.v62.16113.

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On 16 December 2015 a severe thunderstorm and associated tornado affected Sydney causing widespread damage and insured losses of $206 million. Severe impacts occurred in Kurnell, requiring repairs to Sydney's desalination plant which supplies up to 15% of Sydney water during drought, with repairs only completed at the end of 2018. Climatologically, this storm was unusual as it occurred during the morning and had developed over the ocean, rather than developing inland during the afternoon as is the case for many severe storms impacting the Sydney region. Simulations of the Kurnell storm were conducted using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model on a double nested domain using the Morrison microphysics scheme and the NSSL 2-moment 4-ice microphysics scheme. Both simulations produced severe storms that followed paths similar to the observed storm. However, the storm produced under the Morrison scheme did not have the same morphology as the observed storm. Meanwhile, the storm simulated with the NSSL scheme displayed cyclical low- and mid-level mesocyclone development, which was observed in the Kurnell storm, highlighting that the atmosphere supported the development of severe rotating thunderstorms with the potential for tornadogenesis. The NSSL storm also produced severe hail and surface winds, similar to observations. The ability of WRF to simulate general convective characteristics and a storm similar to that observed displays the applicability of this model to study the causes of severe high-impact Australian thunderstorms. References J. T. Allen and E. R. Allen. A review of severe thunderstorms in Australia. Atmos. Res., 178:347–366, 2016. doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2016.03.011. Bureau of Meteorology. Severe Storms Archive, 2020. URL http://www.bom.gov.au/australia/stormarchive/. D. T. Dawson II, M. Xue, J. A. Milbrandt, and M. K. Yau. Comparison of evaporation and cold pool development between single-moment and multimoment bulk microphysics schemes in idealized simulations of tornadic thunderstorms. Month. Wea. Rev., 138:1152–1171, 2010. doi:10.1175/2009MWR2956.1. H. Hersbach, B. Bell, P. Berrisford, S. Hirahara, A. Horanyi, J. Munoz-Sabater, J. Nicolas, C. Peubey, R. Radu, D. Schepers, et al. The ERA5 global reanalysis. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 146:1999–2049, 2020. doi:10.1002/qj.3803. Insurance Council of Australia. Victorian bushfire losses push summer catastrophe bill past $550m, 2016. E. R. Mansell, C. L. Ziegler, and E. C. Bruning. Simulated electrification of a small thunderstorm with two-moment bulk microphysics. J. Atmos. Sci., 67:171–194, 2010. doi:10.1175/2009JAS2965.1. R. C. Miller. Notes on analysis and severe-storm forecasting procedures of the Air Force Global Weather Central, volume 200. Air Weather Service, 1972. URL https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/citations/AD0744042. H. Morrison, J. A. Curry, and V. I. Khvorostyanov. A new double-moment microphysics parameterization for application in cloud and climate models. Part I: Description. J. Atmos. Sci., 62:1665–1677, 2005. doi:10.1175/JAS3446.1. H. Morrison, G. Thompson, and V. Tatarskii. Impact of cloud microphysics on the development of trailing stratiform precipitation in a simulated squall line: Comparison of one- and two-moment schemes. Month. Wea. Rev., 137:991–1007, 2009. doi:10.1175/2008MWR2556.1. J. G. Powers, J. B. Klemp, W. C. Skamarock, C. A. Davis, J. Dudhia, D. O. Gill, J. L. Coen, D. J. Gochis, R. Ahmadov, S. E. Peckham, et al. The Weather Research and Forecasting Model: Overview, system efforts, and future directions. Bull. Am. Meteor. Soc., 98:1717–1737, 2017. doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-15-00308.1. H. Richter, A. Protat, J. Taylor, and J. Soderholm. Doppler radar and storm environment observations of a maritime tornadic supercell in Sydney, Australia. In Preprints, 28th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, Portland OR, Amer. Meteor. Soc. P, 2016. W. C. Skamarock, J. B. Klemp, J. Dudhia, D. O. Gill, Z. Liu, J. Berner, W. Wang, J. G. Powers, M. G. Duda, D. Barker, and X.-Y. Huang. A description of the advanced research WRF Model version 4. Technical report, 2019. Storm Prediction Center. The Enhanced Fujita Scale (EF Scale), 2014. URL https://www.spc.noaa.gov/efscale/. R. A. Warren, H. A. Ramsay, S. T. Siems, M. J. Manton, J. R. Peter, A. Protat, and A. Pillalamarri. Radar-based climatology of damaging hailstorms in Brisbane and Sydney, Australia. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 146:505–530, 2020. doi:10.1002/qj.3693.

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Murray, Lisa, and Emma Grahame. "Sydney's Past, History's Future: The Dictionary of Sydney." Public History Review 17 (December 22, 2010): 89–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/phrj.v17i0.1839.

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The Dictionary of Sydney www.dictionaryofsydney.org is a ground breaking, multimedia city biography that can present the history of metropolitan Sydney on the web, in your hand and on the street. Through its historical model the digital repository allows historical elements to be classified, connected, geo-referenced and mapped through space and time. By combining the fine-grained with the global, the histories in the Dictionary mirror the experience of the metropolis – the intimate and the personal interact with the impersonal and indeed often random nature of city life. A purely digital history redefines the possibilities for urban history and public history. This paper will introduce the Dictionary of Sydney, share some of the challenges and joys of building a digital history, and reflect upon the ways digital history as a publication form is shaping and changing the practice of public history.

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Storey, Michael, Ani Nair, Josh Isben, Damian Kernahan, and Richard Davies. "SYDNEY WATER’S CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE DESIGN PROGRAM." Water e-Journal 1, no. 3 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.21139/wej.2016.027.

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Galway, Brendan, Phil Woods, and Heriberto Bustamante. "ENERGISING SYDNEY THROUGH CO-DIGESTION FOODWASTE." Water e-Journal 3, no. 3 (2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.21139/wej.2018.029.

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Nelson, Nicola, and Michelle Mountford. "PUTTING A VALUE ON CLEANER BEACHES IN SYDNEY." Water e-Journal 2, no. 4 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21139/wej.2017.039.

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Nikoloska, Rebeka, Lili Bykerk, Dammika Vitanage, Jaime Valls Miro, Fang Chen, Yang Wang, and Bin Liang. "Enhancing Sydney Water’s leak prevention through acoustic monitoring." Water e-Journal 5, no. 2 (2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21139/wej.2020.014.

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Vitanage, Dammika, Corinna Doolan, Lucinda Maunsell, Bronwyn Cameron, Yang Wang, and Zhidong Li. "SUCCESS IN DATA ANALYTICS - SYDNEY WATER AND DATA61 COLLABORATION." Water e-Journal 3, no. 1 (2017): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21139/wej.2018.002.

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Peters, Andrew, Bin Liang, Hongda Tian, Zhidong Li, Corinna Doolan, Dammika Vitanage, Hannah Norris, Kate Simpson, Yang Wang, and Fang Chen. "Data-driven water quality prediction in chloraminated systems." Water e-Journal 5, no. 4 (2020): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21139/wej.2020.022.

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This paper proposes a data-driven method that provides water quality prediction within the entire Woronora delivery system in Sydney. Specifically, the key factors relating to water quality are identified through factor analysis. A Bayesian parametric decay model is formulated using the key factors to predict water quality. To estimate the water travel time, which links the upstream (reservoir) data to the downstream (resident) data, the hydraulic system is employed to capture the topology of the delivery system. Moreover, the uncertainties of both data and the model are analysed to define the boundaries of prediction for better decision making.

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Schwencke, Silja. "Auf dem Weg nach China." physiopraxis 6, no. 07/08 (July 2008): 38–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1308222.

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Talent allein reicht nicht aus, um bei den Olym pi schenSpielen starten zu können – hinter jedem scheinbar mühelos gewonnenen Lauf stecktintensives Training. Anhand des Marathons und des 100-m-Laufs zeigt physio praxis-Autorin Silja Schwencke, wie Sportler sich auf Peking vorbereiten. Maren Meinertberichtet zudem im Interview, wie die Fußballnationalmannschaft der Frauen im Jahr2000 für Sydney trainiert hat.

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Bonnet, M. S. "Toxicology of Atrax robustus, the Sydney funnel-web spider." British Homeopathic Journal 86, no. 04 (October 1997): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-0785(97)80047-6.

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Siros, Rose-Marie, Josh Isben, and Sally Armstrong. "MAKING AND KEEPING CUSTOMER PROMISES: SYDNEY WATER’S APPROACH TO PUTTING CUSTOMERS AT THE HEART OF EVERYTHING WE DO." Water e-Journal 3, no. 1 (2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21139/wej.2018.006.

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Das, Jahnnabi. "Sydney freelance journalists and the notion of professionalism." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 13, no. 1 (April 1, 2007): 142–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v13i1.890.

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Freelance journalists experience constraints in their practice which impact upon their independence; yet they invoke the idea of professionalism similar to that of the employed journalists to justify their position as journalists. However, the reality of their practice makes them accept the imperative of the rules of game set by news managers and others, which significantly compromises their independence. An in-depth interview of freelance journalists working in print media in Sydney, Australia, reveal that this is a true analysis of the prevailing situation for the freelance journalists, making their claim of professionalism weak. However, the complexity of the situation is manifested in a strong sense of public service prevalent among Sydney freelancers. As freelance journalists are becoming significant in number in many parts of the word (IFJ, 1999), the question of professionalism in freelance journalists should be considered as an important aspect in any comprehensive discussion on journalism.

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Isbister, G. K., and G. Warner. "Acute Myocardial Injury Caused by Sydney Funnel-web Spider (Atrax robustus) Envenoming." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 31, no. 6 (December 2003): 672–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x0303100612.

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Marchesiello, Patrick, Mark T. Gibbs, and Jason H. Middleton. "Simulations of coastal upwelling on the Sydney Continental Shelf." Marine and Freshwater Research 51, no. 6 (2000): 577. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf99046.

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Two-dimensional numerical simulations of the response of the coastal waters of Sydney, south-eastern Australia, to idealized upwelling-favourable winds are presented. The spin up of the upwelling circulation is investigated, in particular the structure of the nearshore circulation. The intensity of the final upwelling state is found to be strongly linked to the activation of the return flow through the bottom boundary layer, which is also related to the strength of imposed alongshore pressure gradients. Results from a simulation of upwelling forced by a deep-ocean alongshore-current jet also show the final upwelling state to be weak in comparison with upwelling states produced by the action of the local wind stress. Bottom boundary layer shut-down in the presence of such a forcing jet is also discussed. A simulation of a real upwelling event was also performed and good agreement was found between the simulation and observations from a field experiment performed during summer 1994 in the Sydney coastal ocean.

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Brown, Richard P. C., and Bernard Poirine. "A Model of Migrants' Remittances with Human Capital Investment and Intrafamilial Transfers." International Migration Review 39, no. 2 (June 2005): 407–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7379.2005.tb00272.x.

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This study analyzes data on migrants' remittances using a two-period theory of intergenerational transfers based on an informal, intrafamilial loan arrangement using “weak altruism,” a behavior between “strong altruism” and pure self-interest. The model provides an integrated theory of migrants' remittances, human capital investment decisions, and intrafamilial transfers applicable to low-income countries with no official pension schemes and imperfect capital markets. Propositions, derived from the theory, are tested, re-analyzing original survey data on remittances of Pacific island migrants in Sydney. When weak altruism and strong altruism yield opposite predictions, the econometric results tend to confirm the former hypothesis and invalidate the latter.

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Grant, Simon J. B., and Ewen H. Loxton. "Effectiveness of a compression bandage and antivenene for Sydney funnel‐web spider envenomation." Medical Journal of Australia 156, no. 7 (April 1992): 510–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1992.tb126501.x.

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TIBBALLS, J., A. W. DUNCAN, and S. K. SUTHERLAND. "Effects of male Sydney funnel-web spider venom in a dog and a cat." Australian Veterinary Journal 64, no. 2 (February 1987): 63–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1987.tb16137.x.

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Evans, Catherine, and Robert Freestone. "From Green Belt to Green Web: Regional Open Space Planning in Sydney, 1948–1963." Planning Practice & Research 25, no. 2 (April 2010): 223–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02697451003740254.

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Moses, John A. "Sydney Professor G.A. Wood and the Great War 1914-1918." History of Education Review 45, no. 2 (October 3, 2016): 228–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/her-09-2015-0021.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to highlight the views of Professor George Arnold Wood, a leading Australian scholar at the University of Sydney, concerning the involvement of the British Empire in the Great War of 1914-1918. Design/methodology/approach The author has examined all of Professor Wood’s extant commentaries on the Great War which are held in the archives of the University of Sydney as well as the biographical material on Professor Wood by leading Australian scholars. The methodology and approach is purely empirical. Findings The sources consulted revealed Professor Wood’s deeply held conviction about the importance of Christian values in the formation of political will and his belief that the vocation of politics is a most serious one demanding from statesmen the utmost integrity in striving to ensure justice and freedom, respect for the rights of others and the duty of the strong to protect the weak against unprincipled and ruthless states. Originality/value The paper highlights Professor Wood’s values as derived from the core statements of Jesus of Nazareth such as in the Sermon on the Mount. And as these contrasted greatly with the Machiavellian practice of the imperial German Chancellors from Bismarck onwards, and of the Kaiser Wilhelm II. It was necessary for the British Empire to oppose German war aims with all the force at its disposal. The paper illustrates the ideological basis from which Wood derived his values.

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Hirsch, Sir Peter. "David John Hugh Cockayne. 19 March 1942 — 22 December 2010." Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 61 (January 2015): 53–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2014.0025.

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David Cockayne had a wide-ranging and lasting impact on electron microscopy in materials science. He had dual UK and Australian nationality, and his professional career was divided between the two countries. His research was exceptional. His most important scientific contribution was the development (with I. L. F. Ray and M. J. Whelan in Oxford) of the dark-field ‘weak-beam’ technique of transmission electron microscopy, which improved by an order of magnitude (to 1.5 nm) the resolution at which complex crystal lattice defect geometries could be studied. The technique had a significant impact on advancing our understanding of the structure and properties of lattice defects in many materials, and became established as a routine tool in laboratories all over the world; it is still widely used today. With D. R. McKenzie in Sydney he developed a powerful high-precision electron diffraction technique within an electron microscope to study small volumes of amorphous material, orders of magnitude smaller than is possible with X-rays or neutrons, giving nearest-neighbour distances accurate to 0.001 nm. As Director of the University of Sydney Electron Microscope Unit from 1974 to 1999, he led the development of the Unit to provide a first-class centralized service of electron microscopy for the university as a whole. This stimulated other Australian universities to follow his example.

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Satibi, Satibi, Catur Edi Widodo, and Farikhin Farikhin. "Expert Advisor (EA) Evaluation System Using Web-based ELECTRE Method in Foreign Exchange (Forex) Market." E3S Web of Conferences 31 (2018): 10001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183110001.

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This research aims to optimize forex trading profit automatically using EA but its still keep considering accuracy and drawdown levels. The evaluation system will classify EA performance based on trading market sessions (Sydney, Tokyo, London and New York) to determine the right EA to be used in certain market sessions. This evaluation system is a web-based ELECTRE methods that interact in real-time with EA through web service and are able to present real-time charts performance dashboard using web socket protocol communications. Web applications are programmed using NodeJs. In the testing period, all EAs had been simulated 24 hours in all market sessions for three months, the best EA is valued by its profit, accuracy and drawdown criteria that calculated using web-based ELECTRE method. The ideas of this research are to compare the best EA on testing period with collaboration performances of each best classified EA by market sessions. This research uses three months historical data of EUR/USD as testing period and other 3 months as validation period. As a result, performance of collaboration four best EA classified by market sessions can increase profits percentage consistently in testing and validation periods and keep securing accuracy and drawdown levels.

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Cromwell, David A., and David A. Griffths. "Waiting time information services: how well do different statistics forecast a patient's wait?" Australian Health Review 25, no. 6 (2002): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah020075.

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This study investigates how accurately the waiting times of patients about to join a waiting list are predicted by the types of statistics disseminated via web-based waiting time information services. Data were collected at a public hospital in Sydney, Australia, on elective surgery activity and waiting list behaviour from July 1995 to June 1998.The data covered 46 surgeons in 10 surgical specialties. The accuracy of the tested statistics varied greatly, being affected more by the characteristics and behaviour of a surgeon's waiting list than by how the statistics were derived. For those surgeons whose waiting times were often over six months, commonly used statistics can be very poor at forecasting patient waiting times.

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Retallack, Gregory J. "Earliest Triassic origin of Isoetes and quillwort evolutionary radiation." Journal of Paleontology 71, no. 3 (May 1997): 500–521. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000039524.

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Isoetes beestonii new species is the most ancient known species of this living genus. In earliest Triassic shales of the Sydney and Bowen Basins of Australia it is locally abundant as circlets of transversely wrinkled leaves. It was heterosporous with megaspores of Maiturisporites rewanensis and microspores of Lundbladispora sp. cf. L. springsurensis.Isoetes thus predates Pleuromeia from which it has been thought to have evolved. Australian Pleuromeia-like subarborescent lycopsids are here reviewed as whole plants, with names based on fertile structures, and include Cylostrobus sydneyensis Helby and Martin from the Sydney Basin, Pleuromeia dubia (Seward) Retallack from the Sydney and Canning Basins, and Cylostrobus indicus (Lele) new combination and Pleuromeia sternbergii (Münster) Corda for Germar, newly recorded from the Canning Basin.There are in addition an array of cormose lycopsids that formed compact conelike plants when fertile, intermediate in stature between Isoetes and Pleuromeia. One of these is Tomiostrobus australis (Ash) Sadovnikov, formerly regarded as a cone, but here reinterpreted as a small pioneering plant of oligotrophic lakes and ponds, like Isoetes. Its megaspores are Horstisporites and its microspores are the stratigraphically important Aratrisporites tenuispinosus. Other similar forms are Tomiostrobus polaris (Lundblad) new combination from the early Triassic of Greenland, T. mirabilis (Snigirevskaya) new combination from the early Triassic of the Tunguska Basin of Siberia, T. taimyrica (Sadovnikov) new combination from the Early Triassic of the Taimyr region of Siberia, Lepacyclotes ermayinensis (Wang) new combination from the middle Triassic of China, L. convexus (Brik) new combination from the middle-late Triassic of Kazachstan, and L. zeilleri (Fliche) new combination from the middle Triassic of France and Germany.The diversity of isoetaleans in early Triassic floras and the weak vascular system of permineralized Tomiostrobus and Pleuromeia contradict the traditional view that Isoetes evolved by reduction in size from Pleuromeia and that its opportunistic life style allowed it to avoid plant competition. It is now more likely that Isoetaceae were weedy survivors of Permian-Triassic extinctions. The adaptive radiation and decline of Triassic quillworts matches the recovery from near-extinction, then decline of therapsid reptiles, for which these plants may have been an important food.

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Amini, Erfan, Danial Golbaz, Rojin Asadi, Mahdieh Nasiri, Oğuzhan Ceylan, Meysam Majidi Nezhad, and Mehdi Neshat. "A Comparative Study of Metaheuristic Algorithms for Wave Energy Converter Power Take-Off Optimisation: A Case Study for Eastern Australia." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 5 (May 1, 2021): 490. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9050490.

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One of the most encouraging sorts of renewable energy is ocean wave energy. In spite of a large number of investigations in this field during the last decade, wave energy technologies are recognised as neither mature nor broadly commercialised compared to other renewable energy technologies. In this paper, we develop and optimise Power Take-off (PTO) configurations of a well-known wave energy converter (WEC) called a point absorber. This WEC is a fully submerged buoy with three tethers, which was proposed and developed by Carnegie Clean Energy Company in Australia. Optimising the WEC’s PTO parameters is a challenging engineering problem due to the high dimensionality and complexity of the search space. This research compares the performance of five state-of-the-art metaheuristics (including Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy, Gray Wolf optimiser, Harris Hawks optimisation, and Grasshopper Optimisation Algorithm) based on the real wave scenario in Sydney sea state. The experimental achievements show that the Multiverse optimisation (MVO) algorithm performs better than the other metaheuristics applied in this work.

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Korzennik, S. G., M. J. Thompson, and J. Toomre. "Internal rotation and dynamics of the Sun from GONG data." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 181 (1997): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900061167.

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We report inferences for the Sun's internal rotation from GONG months 4-10 averaged power spectra. In keeping with the international collaborative nature of the GONG project, the results presented here are based on the work of several groups around the world inverting the GONG data and sharing their results via the world-wide web. These groups are at the Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Nice (T. Corbard, G. Berthomieu, J. Provost); Theoretical Astrophysics Center, Aarhus (J. Christensen-Dalsgaard, F. Pijpers); Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge MA (A. Eff-Darwich, S. Korzennik); QMW, London (R. Howe, M. Thompson, in collaboration with J. Schou, Stanford); Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge (T. Sekii, D. Gough); University of Sydney (D. Burtonclay, Li Yan, P. Wilson); and Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bombay (H. Antia, S. Chitre).

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Losada, Sara, Anthony Roach, Laurence Roosens, Francisco Javier Santos, Maria Teresa Galceran, Walter Vetter, Hugo Neels, and Adrian Covaci. "Biomagnification of anthropogenic and naturally-produced organobrominated compounds in a marine food web from Sydney Harbour, Australia." Environment International 35, no. 8 (November 2009): 1142–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2009.07.008.

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Graudins, A., D. Wilson, P. F. Alewood, K. W. Broady, and G. M. Nicholson. "Cross-reactivity of Sydney funnel-web spider antivenom: neutralization of the in vitro toxicity of other Australian funnel-web (Atrax and Hadronyche) spider venoms." Toxicon 40, no. 3 (March 2002): 259–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0041-0101(01)00210-0.

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Herzig, Volker, Kartik Sunagar, David T. R. Wilson, Sandy S. Pineda, Mathilde R. Israel, Sebastien Dutertre, Brianna Sollod McFarland, et al. "Australian funnel-web spiders evolved human-lethal δ-hexatoxins for defense against vertebrate predators." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 40 (September 21, 2020): 24920–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2004516117.

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Australian funnel-web spiders are infamous for causing human fatalities, which are induced by venom peptides known as δ-hexatoxins (δ-HXTXs). Humans and other primates did not feature in the prey or predator spectrum during evolution of these spiders, and consequently the primate lethality of δ-HXTXs remains enigmatic. Funnel-web envenomations are mostly inflicted by male spiders that wander from their burrow in search of females during the mating season, which suggests a role for δ-HXTXs in self-defense since male spiders rarely feed during this period. Although 35 species of Australian funnel-web spiders have been described, only nine δ-HXTXs from four species have been characterized, resulting in a lack of understanding of the ecological roles and molecular evolution of δ-HXTXs. Here, by profiling venom-gland transcriptomes of 10 funnel-web species, we report 22 δ-HXTXs. Phylogenetic and evolutionary assessments reveal a remarkable sequence conservation of δ-HXTXs despite their deep evolutionary origin within funnel-web spiders, consistent with a defensive role. We demonstrate that δ-HXTX-Ar1a, the lethal toxin from the Sydney funnel-web spider Atrax robustus, induces pain in mice by inhibiting inactivation of voltage-gated sodium (NaV) channels involved in nociceptive signaling. δ-HXTX-Ar1a also inhibited inactivation of cockroach NaV channels and was insecticidal to sheep blowflies. Considering their algogenic effects in mice, potent insecticidal effects, and high levels of sequence conservation, we propose that the δ-HXTXs were repurposed from an initial insecticidal predatory function to a role in defending against nonhuman vertebrate predators by male spiders, with their lethal effects on humans being an unfortunate evolutionary coincidence.

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Caperchione, Cristina M., Gregory S. Kolt, Trevor N. Savage, Richard R. Rosenkranz, Anthony J. Maeder, Corneel Vandelanotte, Mitch J. Duncan, Anetta Van Itallie, Rhys Tague, and W. Kerry Mummery. "WALK 2.0: Examining the effectiveness of Web 2.0 features to increase physical activity in a ‘real world’ setting: an ecological trial protocol." BMJ Open 4, no. 10 (October 2014): e006374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006374.

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IntroductionLow levels of health-enhancing physical activity require novel approaches that have the potential to reach broad populations. Web-based interventions are a popular approach for behaviour change given their wide reach and accessibility. However, challenges with participant engagement and retention reduce the long-term maintenance of behaviour change. Web 2.0 features present a new and innovative online environment supporting greater interactivity, with the potential to increase engagement and retention. In order to understand the applicability of these innovative interventions for the broader population, ‘real-world’ interventions implemented under ‘everyday conditions’ are required. The aim of this study is to investigate the difference in physical activity behaviour between individuals using a traditional Web 1.0 website with those using a novel Web 2.0 website.Methods and analysisIn this study we will aim to recruit 2894 participants. Participants will be recruited from individuals who register with a pre-existing health promotion website that currently provides Web 1.0 features (http://www.10000steps.org.au). Eligible participants who provide informed consent will be randomly assigned to one of the two trial conditions: the pre-existing 10 000 Steps website (with Web 1.0 features) or the newly developed WALK 2.0 website (with Web 2.0 features). Primary and secondary outcome measures will be assessed by self-report at baseline, 3 months and 12 months, and include: physical activity behaviour, height and weight, Internet self-efficacy, website usability, website usage and quality of life.Ethics and disseminationThis study has received ethics approval from the University of Western Sydney Human Research Ethics Committee (Reference Number H8767) and has been funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council (Reference Number 589903). Study findings will be disseminated widely through peer-reviewed publications, academic conferences and local community-based presentations.Trial registration numberAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry Number: ACTRN12611000253909, WHO Universal Trial Number: U111-1119-1755

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Redshaw, Sarah, and Valerie Ingham. "‘Neighbourhood is if they come out and talk to you’: Neighbourly connections and bonding social capital." Journal of Sociology 54, no. 4 (September 13, 2017): 557–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1440783317729762.

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Neighbourly relations have been theorised as ‘friendly distance’ in contrast to connections which are theorised as strong or intensive ties. The article explores the neighbourly relationships between residents of a peri-urban regional area outside Sydney in Australia. Strong interview themes emerged regarding the ways in which residents who were well connected within their locality talked about their neighbours, and this was in direct contrast to those living with a chronic condition – these people expressed a lack of connection with their neighbours. The major theme, ‘not in each other’s pockets’ reflects the negotiated nature of neighbour interactions, while the theme ‘neighbourhood is if they come out and talk to you’ speaks of isolation. The interactions of neighbours may in many cases constitute bonding capital as important weak or casual ties. These may not be available to the chronically ill or socially isolated or adequate without linking and bridging capital.

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Weng, Lin-Man, Yi-Li Zheng, Meng-Si Peng, Tian-Tian Chang, Bao Wu, and Xue-Qiang Wang. "A Bibliometric Analysis of Nonspecific Low Back Pain Research." Pain Research and Management 2020 (March 9, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5396734.

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Background. Researchers are highly interested in the study of nonspecific low back pain (NSLBP). However, few have attempted to collect global data, analyze the emerging trends, and conduct reviews from the perspectives of visualization and bibliometrics. Purpose. We aimed to evaluate research situation and capture subsequent developmental dynamics regarding NSLBP via CiteSpace. Methods. Publications on NSLBP in recent 19 years were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). We used CiteSpace to analyze publication outputs, document types, countries, institutions, journals, authors, references, and keywords. Knowledge foundation, hot topics, and future direction were then stated. Results. A total of 1099 papers were collected, and the trend of annual publications maintained growth with small fluctuations. Australia (188) and the University of Sydney (76) were the most prolific country and institution, respectively. The Netherlands (0.84) and the University of Sydney (0.47) had the maximum centrality, thus indicating that they have importance in this field. The journal Spine (publication: 87, cocitation counts: 942) ranked first in terms of the volume of publications and cocitation counts. Maher CG (52) who published the most papers and Waddell G (286) who was cited most frequently were the leading authors, thus making strong academic influences. “Motor control exercise” was the largest cluster, which contained most related research articles. 14 references with the strongest citation counts were cited until 2018, thus implying the future development trend. Current hotspots were treatment, meta-analysis, method, and risk factors. Spine, efficacy, adult, and meta-analysis can be regarded as research frontiers. Conclusion. This study offers insights into the trend of NSLBP to determine major research countries and institutions, core journals, pivotal authors, overall development tendency, hot topics, and research frontiers. Moreover, it will help researchers extract hidden valuable information for further study.

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Nancy Cushing and Kevin Markwell. "‘Watch Out for These KILLERS!’: Newspaper Coverage of the Sydney Funnel Web Spider and its Impact on Antivenom Research." Health and History 12, no. 2 (2010): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5401/healthhist.12.2.0079.

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Rey, Jo Anne. "Indigenous Identity as Country: The “Ing” within Connecting, Caring, and Belonging." Genealogy 5, no. 2 (May 10, 2021): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy5020048.

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Within the Australian Indigenous community, it is often said that Aboriginality is a verb. It is a “doing” word, not a noun. As such, identifying actively is at the heart of being Australian Aboriginal. Doing identification, rather than owning a label of identification, is critical to understanding the relationality that underpins Indigenous identity. It is the ‘Ing’ of relationality which acts as an interconnected web of presences (including people), places, and practices. When this web is ancestral, it marks our belonging. For Dharug, this is our “Country”, our Dharug Ngurra. It is physical and metaphysical. It is also known as most of the Sydney basin, Australia. The agency that connects us, strengthens our caring, and generates our belonging helps us co-become as a Country. This paper engages the author’s “Ing” as Ngurra through her connections to three sites, their presences, places and practices, that activate her belonging to/with the Dharug community: Brown’s Waterhole, Blacktown Native Institution, and Yallomundee. Using undergraduate teaching experiences and a current post-doctoral research project for specific context, questions around the ‘Ing’ of being Indigenous as Country-in-the-city are raised, while the significance of changing relationships for custodial caring in a climate challenging reality are discussed.

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Giffney, R. A., T. Russell, and J. L. Kohen. "Age of road-killed common brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) and common ringtail possums (Pseudocheirus peregrinus) in an urban environment." Australian Mammalogy 31, no. 2 (2009): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am09016.

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Road-associated mortality has been identified as having major ecological effects on small, fragmented and declining populations. Both the common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) and common ringtail possum (Pseudocheirus peregrinus) appear to be in decline in some regions across their natural ranges. Urban populations may be an exception; however, little is known of their population ecology. This study investigates age trends in a subset of road-killed brushtail and ringtail possums collected along eight northern Sydney roads between March 2004 and March 2006. From a total of 591 recorded road-killed possums, 86 were collected for use in this study (36 brushtails, 50 ringtails). Age was estimated using tooth wear patterns on cleaned skulls. Both species showed trends associated with age, and younger possums of both species were more likely to be killed on roads than older animals. Male-biased dispersal of subadult possums is considered a major contributing factor to the over-representation of young brushtail possums in this road-kill sample.

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BRODATY, HENRY, PERMINDER S. SACHDEV, ADRIENNE WITHALL, ANNETTE ALTENDORF, MICHAEL J. VALENZUELA, and LISA LORENTZ. "Frequency and clinical, neuropsychological and neuroimaging correlates of apathy following stroke – the Sydney Stroke Study." Psychological Medicine 35, no. 12 (October 5, 2005): 1707–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291705006173.

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Background. The frequency and clinical, neuropsychological and neuroimaging correlates of apathy in patients who have had a stroke are inadequately defined.Method. A total of 167 consecutive patients admitted to the stroke units of two university hospitals after an ischaemic stroke and 109 controls received extensive medical, psychiatric and neuropsychological assessments; a subset received a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. The groups were matched for sex and age. Patients were assessed 3–6 months after their stroke. The sample for this study comprised 135 patients and 92 controls who completed the Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES).Results. Apathy was present in 26·7% of stroke patients compared to 5·4% of controls. Apathetic stroke patients were older, more functionally dependent and had lower Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores than those without apathy. Apathy was not associated with risk factors for cerebrovascular disease or stroke severity. There was a weak but significant correlation between apathy and self-reported depression but not with clinician-rated depression. Neuropsychologically, after correction for age, premorbid intelligence (IQ) and depression, apathy was associated with reduced attention and speed of information processing. On neuroimaging there were trends for associations of apathy with the extent of hyperintensities in the right hemisphere and right fronto-subcortical circuit, but not with total stroke volume or number of strokes.Conclusions. Apathy is common following a cerebrovascular event. Presence of apathy may be related to older age and right fronto-subcortical pathway pathology, rather than stroke severity. It is associated with functional impairment and cognitive deficits.

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Mohammed, Thamer, Paripurnanda Loganathan, Andrew Kinsela, Saravanamuthu Vigneswaran, and Jayakumar Kandasamy. "Enrichment, inter-relationship, and fractionation of heavy metals in road-deposited sediments of Sydney, Australia." Soil Research 50, no. 3 (2012): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr12010.

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Urban road-deposited sediments (RDS) are potential sources of heavy metal pollution of both terrestrial and aquatic environments. We determined the heavy metals enrichments, their possible sources, and potential bioavailability and mobility in RDS from nine sites along major motorways of Sydney, the largest city with highest road traffic density in Australia. Mean total concentrations of metals in the RDS decreased in the order: Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu > Cr > Pb > Ni > Cd. The corresponding order in the background soils (minimally contaminated from roads) was: Fe > Mn > Zn ~ Ni > Cu ~ Pb > Cr > Cd. Both the pollution index (PI) and metal enrichment factor (EF), which are comparative measures between contaminated and uncontaminated sites, were highest for Cu and Zn. Inputs of Cu and Zn to RDS were likely to be mainly the result of brake and tyre wear, respectively. Cluster and correlation analyses showed that while the concentrations of these two metals were related in the soil, they were not correlated in RDS. Low PI and EF values as well as the close inter-relationships of Fe, Mn, Cr, and Ni in both RDS and soils suggest that these metals were derived mainly from natural sources. Metal fractionation data showed 50–95% of Cr and Fe in RDS to be present in the immobile and bio-unavailable residual fraction, whereas 15–65% of Zn was contained in the exchangeable fraction, which is considered to be mobile and bioavailable.

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Alewood, Dianne, Liesl C. Birinyi-Strachan, Paul K. Pallaghy, Raymond S. Norton, Graham M. Nicholson, and Paul F. Alewood. "Synthesis and Characterization of δ-Atracotoxin-Ar1a, the Lethal Neurotoxin from Venom of the Sydney Funnel-Web Spider (Atrax robustus)†." Biochemistry 42, no. 44 (November 2003): 12933–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi030091n.

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Birrell, Louise, Ainsley Furneaux-Bate, Cath Chapman, and Nicola C. Newton. "A Mobile Peer Intervention for Preventing Mental Health and Substance Use Problems in Adolescents: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (The Mind Your Mate Study)." JMIR Research Protocols 10, no. 7 (July 30, 2021): e26796. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/26796.

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Background Anxiety, mood, and substance use disorders have significant social and economic impacts, which are largely attributable to their early age of onset and chronic disabling course. Therefore, it is critical to intervene early to prevent chronic and debilitating trajectories. Objective This paper describes the study protocol of a CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials)-compliant randomized controlled trial for evaluating the effectiveness of the Mind your Mate program, a mobile health (mHealth) peer intervention that aims to prevent mental health (focusing on anxiety and depression) and substance use problems in adolescents. Methods Participants will consist of approximately 840 year 9 or year 10 students (60 students per grade per school) from 14 New South Wales high schools in Sydney, Australia. Schools will be recruited from a random selection of independent and public schools across the New South Wales Greater Sydney Area by using publicly available contact details. The intervention will consist of 1 introductory classroom lesson and a downloadable mobile app that will be available for use for 12 months. Schools will be randomly allocated to receive either the mHealth peer intervention or a waitlist control (health education as usual). All students will be given web-based self-assessments at baseline and at 6- and 12-month follow-ups. The primary outcomes of the trial will be the self-reported use of alcohol and drugs, anxiety and depression symptoms, knowledge about mental health and substance use, motives for not drinking, and willingness to seek help. Secondary outcomes will include positive well-being, the quality of life, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Analyses will be conducted using mixed-effects linear regression analyses for normally distributed data and mixed-effects logistic regression analyses for categorical data. Results The Mind your Mate study was funded by an Australian Rotary Health Bruce Edwards Postdoctoral Research Fellowship from 2019 to 2022. Some of the development costs for the Mind your Mate intervention came from a seed funding grant from the Brain and Mind Centre of the University of Sydney. The enrollment of schools began in July 2020; 12 of 14 schools were enrolled at the time of submission. Baseline assessments are currently underway, and the first results are expected to be submitted for publication in 2022. Conclusions The Mind your Mate study will generate vital new knowledge about the effectiveness of a peer support prevention strategy in real-world settings for the most common mental disorders in youth. If effective, this intervention will constitute a scalable, low-cost prevention strategy that has significant potential to reduce the impact of mental and substance use disorders. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12620000753954; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=379738&isReview=true International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/26796

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Dominick, Doreena, Stephen R. Wilson, Clare Paton-Walsh, Ruhi Humphries, Élise-Andrée Guérette, Melita Keywood, Paul Selleck, Dagmar Kubistin, and Ben Marwick. "Particle Formation in a Complex Environment." Atmosphere 10, no. 5 (May 14, 2019): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos10050275.

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A field aerosol measurement campaign as part of the Measurements of Urban, Marine and Biogenic Air (MUMBA) campaign was conducted between 16 January 2013 and 15 February 2013 in the coastal city of Wollongong, Australia. The objectives of this research were to study the occurrence frequency, characteristics and factors that influence new particle formation processes. Particle formation and growth events were observed from particle number size distribution data in the range of 14 nm–660 nm measured using a scanning particle mobility sizer (SMPS). Four weak Class I particle formation and growth event days were observed, which is equivalent to 13% of the total observation days. The events occurred during the day, starting after 8:30 Australian Eastern Standard time with an average duration of five hours. The events also appeared to be positively linked to the prevailing easterly to north easterly sea breezes that carry pollutants from sources in and around Sydney. This suggests that photochemical reactions and a combination of oceanic and anthropogenic air masses are among the factors that influenced these events.

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Ranasinghe, Roshanka, Rob Holman, Matthieu De Schipper, Tom Lippmann, Jennifer Wehof, Trang Minh Duong, Dano Roelvink, and Marcel Stive. "QUANTIFYING NEARSHORE MORPHOLOGICAL RECOVERY TIME SCALES USING ARGUS VIDEO IMAGING: PALM BEACH, SYDNEY AND DUCK, NORTH CAROLINA." Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, no. 33 (October 25, 2012): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.sediment.24.

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Time scales of post-storm nearshore morphological recovery and physical processes governing these time scales are poorly understood at present. The ability to predict nearshore morphological recovery time scales based on pre-, during- or post-resetting storm conditions is an essential requirement for building and validating scale aggregated models that operate at macro- and higher spatio-temporal scales. In this study, quality controlled ARGUS video derived beach states at Palm Beach, Sydney (4 years) and Duck, NC (2 years) and concurrent wave data are analysed to quantify the nearshore morphological recovery time scales (Tmr) and to determine the physical processes that may govern Tmr. The results show that Tmr is of the order of 5-10 days at these two beaches. Tmr is moderately positively correlated with the averaged longshore current over the 3 days immediately after the resetting storm, indicating that it might be possible to develop a predictor for Tmr based on wave conditions immediately after the resetting storm. Weak correlations are present between Tmr and several pre-storm, during-storm and post-storm parameters at the two sites. However, these correlations are inconsistent between the two sites. A thorough analysis employing long-term beach state and wave data at several different study sites is required to fully understand this phenomenon.

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Macinnis-Ng, Catriona, Kate McClenahan, and Derek Eamus. "Convergence in hydraulic architecture, water relations and primary productivity amongst habitats and across seasons in Sydney." Functional Plant Biology 31, no. 5 (2004): 429. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp03194.

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Convergence in leaf traits across biomes demonstrates generality in plant functioning. Relationships between hydraulic architecture and photosynthesis are less well studied. We investigated convergence in minimum leaf water potential (Ψmin), conductivity per sapwood area (ks), Huber value (Hv) and xylem embolism and photosynthesis in four habitats across two seasons (summer and winter) in the Sydney region in heathland, woodland (ridge-top), woodland (below-ridge) and mangrove. Seasonality strongly influenced all parameters in all habitats. Winter Ψmin values were lower than those for summer in the heathland and both woodland habitats but summer Ψmin values were lower than those for winter in the mangrove. Summer ks values were higher than winter values in all habitats, while Hv was higher in winter than summer for all habitats. Loss of conductance due to xylem embolism was larger in summer than winter in eight of 11 species. We also investigated relationships between the hydraulic parameters across habitats. There was a strong, significant inverse correlation between log-transformed Hv and log-transformed ks, which held across the seasons. There were significant inverse correlations between Ψmin and xylem embolism, which held within seasons but not across seasons. We found a strong, significant positive correlation between ks and Ψmin also within seasons but not across seasons and a significant negative correlation between xylem embolism and ks for winter but only a weak negative correlation between xylem embolism and ks for summer. We believe the seasonal patterns and relationships in hydraulic architecture and water relations are driven by the cost of efficient sapwood. This is demonstrated by the negative correlation between photosynthetic rate and ks in winter.

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Collins, S. P., A. Comis, M. I. Tyler, M. Marshall, and M. E. H. Howden. "Evidence for a high molecular weight pre-robustoxin molecule in the venom of the male Sydney funnel-web spider (Atrax robustus)." Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Pharmacology, Toxicology and Endocrinology 110, no. 1 (January 1995): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0742-8413(95)93865-t.

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Morgan, Jess A. T., Wayne D. Sumpton, Andrew T. Jones, Alexander B. Campbell, John Stewart, Paul Hamer, and Jennifer R. Ovenden. "Assessment of genetic structure among Australian east coast populations of snapper Chrysophrys auratus (Sparidae)." Marine and Freshwater Research 70, no. 7 (2019): 964. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf18146.

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Snapper Chrysophrys auratus is a high-value food fish in Australia targeted by both commercial and recreational fisheries. Along the east coast of Australia, fisheries are managed under four state jurisdictions (Queensland, Qld; New South Wales, NSW; Victoria, Vic.; and Tasmania, Tas.), each applying different regulations, although it is thought that the fisheries target the same biological stock. An allozyme-based study in the mid-1990s identified a weak genetic disjunction north of Sydney (NSW) questioning the single-stock hypothesis. This study, focused on east-coast C. auratus, used nine microsatellite markers to assess the validity of the allozyme break and investigated whether genetic structure exists further south. Nine locations were sampled spanning four states and over 2000km, including sites north and south of the proposed allozyme disjunction. Analyses confirmed the presence of two distinct biological stocks along the east coast, with a region of genetic overlap around Eden in southern NSW, ~400km south of the allozyme disjunction. The findings indicate that C. auratus off Vic. and Tas. are distinct from those in Qld and NSW. For the purpose of stock assessment and management, the results indicate that Qld and NSW fisheries are targeting a single biological stock.A

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Dyer, Wayne B., Graham S. Ogg, Marie-Ange Demoitie, Xia Jin, Andrew F. Geczy, Sarah L. Rowland-Jones, Andrew J. McMichael, Douglas F. Nixon, and John S. Sullivan. "Strong Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Activity in Sydney Blood Bank Cohort Patients Infected with nef-Defective HIV Type 1." Journal of Virology 73, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 436–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.73.1.436-443.1999.

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ABSTRACT Proposals for the use of live attenuated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 (HIV-1) as a vaccine candidate in humans have been based on the protection afforded by attenuated simian immunodeficiency virus in the macaque model. Although it is not yet known if this strategy could succeed in humans, a study of the Sydney Blood Bank Cohort (SBBC), infected with an attenuated HIV-1 quasispecies with natural nef and nef/long terminal repeat deletions for up to 17 years, could provide insights into the long-term immunological consequences of living with an attenuated HIV-1 infection. In this study, HIV-specific cytoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses in an SBBC donor and six recipients were examined over a 3-year period with enzyme-linked immunospot, tetrameric complex binding, direct CTL lysis, and CTL precursor level techniques. Strong HIV-specific CTL responses were detected in four of seven patients, including one patient with an undetectable viral load. Two of seven patients had weak CTL responses, and in one recipient, no HIV-specific CTLs were detected. High levels of circulating effector and memory HIV-specific CTLs can be maintained for prolonged periods in these patients despite very low viral loads.

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Romli, Muhammad Hibatullah, Lynette Mackenzie, Meryl Lovarini, Maw Pin Tan, and Lindy Clemson. "The Clinimetric Properties of Instruments Measuring Home Hazards for Older People at Risk of Falling: A Systematic Review." Evaluation & the Health Professions 41, no. 1 (December 22, 2016): 82–128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0163278716684166.

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Home hazards are associated with falls among older people living in the community. However, evaluating home hazards is a complex process as environmental factors vary according to geography, culture, and architectural design. As a result, many health practitioners commonly use nonstandardized assessment methods that may lead to inaccurate findings. Thus, the aim of this systematic review was to identify standardized instruments for evaluating home hazards related to falls and evaluate the clinimetric properties of these instruments for use by health practitioners. A systematic search was conducted in the Medline, CINAHL, AgeLine, Web of Science databases, and the University of Sydney Library CrossSearch Engine. Study screening, assessment, and quality ratings were conducted independently. Thirty-six studies were identified describing 19 instruments and three assessment techniques. The clinimetric properties varied between instruments. The Home Falls and Accidents Screening Tool, Home Safety Self-Assessment Tool, In-Home Occupational Performance Evaluation, and Westmead Home Safety Assessment were the instruments with high potential for evaluating home hazards associated with falls. Health practitioners can choose the most appropriate instruments for their practice, as a range of standardized instruments with established clinimetric properties are available.

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Cote, David, Jean-Marc Nicolas, Frederick Whoriskey, Adam M. Cook, Jeremy Broome, Paul M. Regular, and Darrin Baker. "Characterizing snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) movements in the Sydney Bight (Nova Scotia, Canada): a collaborative approach using multiscale acoustic telemetry." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 76, no. 2 (February 2019): 334–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2017-0472.

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Like many deeper ocean species, the fine-scale movement ecology of snow crab is not well understood. We integrated fine-scale positioning telemetry with larger-scale position estimates from autonomous mobile surveys and harvester returns to evaluate movements of male and female snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio). Effects of life stage–sex, temperature, and diel and tidal cycles on movement velocity were observed, with a tendency for increased velocities during the night, slack tide, and at increasing water temperatures. Males also moved faster than females and juveniles. The strength of these statistical relationships, however, was weak (R2 = 7.2%). The movement direction also did not vary over the tidal cycle. The maximum distance moved for adult males was an order of magnitude higher (37.1 km) than for females (3.6 km) and juvenile males (3.9 km), but median distances were more similar across groups. Individuals, once released, tended to disperse and move toward slope habitats. Little evidence of site fidelity was apparent. The absence of strong environmental influences on movements likely reflected the behavioural plasticity of snow crab and the relative environmental stability of offshore environments.

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Han, Jin, Michelle Torok, Nyree Gale, Quincy JJ Wong, Aliza Werner-Seidler, Sarah E. Hetrick, and Helen Christensen. "Use of Web Conferencing Technology for Conducting Online Focus Groups Among Young People With Lived Experience of Suicidal Thoughts: Mixed Methods Research." JMIR Mental Health 6, no. 10 (October 4, 2019): e14191. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/14191.

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Background There is an increasing interest in engaging people with lived experience in suicide prevention research. However, young people with suicidal thoughts have been described as a “hard-to-include” population due to time, distance, stigma, and social barriers. Objective This study aims to investigate whether conducting synchronous Web conferencing technology–based online focus groups (W-OFGs) is a feasible method to engage young people with lived experience of suicidal thoughts in suicide prevention research. Methods Young people aged between 16 and 25 years and living in Sydney, Australia, were recruited through flyers, emails, and social media advertisements. The W-OFGs were established using a Web conferencing technology called GoToMeeting. Participants’ response rate, attendance, and feedback of the W-OFGs were analyzed to determine whether the W-OFG system is feasible for suicide prevention research. Researchers’ reflections about how to effectively implement the W-OFGs were also reported as part of the results. Results In the pre–W-OFG survey, 39 (97.5%) young people (n=40) chose to attend the online focus group. Among the 22 participants who responded to the W-OFG invitations, 15 confirmed that they would attend the W-OFGs, of which 11 participants attended the W-OFGs. Feedback collected from the participants in the W-OFG and the post–W-OFG survey suggested that online focus groups are acceptable to young people in suicide prevention research. Considerations for selecting the Web conferencing platform, conducting the mock W-OFGs, implementing the risk management procedure, inviting participants to the W-OFGs, and hosting and moderating the W-OFGs as well as a few potential ethical and pragmatic challenges in using this method are discussed in this study. Conclusions The Web conferencing technology provides a feasible replacement for conventional methods, particularly for qualitative research involving vulnerable populations and stigmatized topics including suicide prevention. Our results indicate that this modality is an optimal alternative to engage young people in the focus group discussion. Future studies should compare the data collected from the Web conferencing technology and conventional face-to-face methods in suicide prevention research to determine if these two methods are equivalent in data quality from a quantitative approach.

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ROBERTSON, GAIL, VAL ATTENBROW, and PETER HISCOCK. "Residue and use‐wear analysis of non‐backed retouched artefacts from Deep Creek Shelter, Sydney Basin: Implications for the role of backed artefacts." Archaeology in Oceania 54, no. 2 (May 9, 2019): 73–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arco.5177.

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Nicholson, Graham M., Robyn Walsh, Michelle J. Little, and Margaret I. Tyler. "Characterisation of the effects of robustoxin, the lethal neurotoxin from the Sydney funnel-web spider Atrax robustus, on sodium channel activation and inactivation." Pfl�gers Archiv European Journal of Physiology 436, no. 1 (April 27, 1998): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004240050612.

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Journal articles on the topic 'WEA Sydney'

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