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Oliveira, Daniel Pereira de. "Geração semi-automática de extratores de dados da web considerando contextos fracos." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2006. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/2936.
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Previous issue date: 2006-03-03<br>In the current days, the Internet has become the largest information repository available. However, this huge variety of information is mostly represented in textual format and it necessarily requires human intervention to be effectively used. On the other hand, there exists a large set of Web pages that are in fact composed of collections of implicit data objects. For instance, on-line catalogs, digital libraries and e-commerce Web sites in general. Extracting the contents of these pages and identifying the structure of the data objects available allow for more sophisticated forms of processing besides hyperlink browsing and keyword-based searching. The task of extracting data from Web pages is usually executed by specialized programs called wrappers. In the present work we propose and evaluate a new approach to the wrapper development problem. In this approach, the user is only responsible for providing examples for the atomic
items that constitute the objects of interest. Based on these examples, our method automatically generates expressions for extracting other atomics items similar to those presented as example and infers a plausible and meaningful structure to organize them. Our method for generating extraction expression uses techniques inherited from solutions for the multiple string alignment problem. The method is able to produce good extraction expressions that can be easily encoded as regular expressions. Inferring a meaningful structure for the objects whose atomic values were extracted is the task of the HotCycles algorithm, that were previously proposed and which we have revised and extended in this work. The algorithm assembles an adjacency graph for these atomic values, and executes a structural analysis over this graph, looking for patterns that resemble structural constructs such as tuples and lists. From such constructs, a complex object type can be assigned to the extracted data. The experiments carried out using 21 collections of real Web pages have demonstrated the feasibility of our extraction method, reaching 94% of effectiveness using no more than 10 examples for each attribute. The HotCycles algorithm was able to infer a meaningful structure for the objects present in all used collections. Its effectiveness, combined with our atom extraction method, reached 97% of structures correctly inferred, also using no more than 10 examples per attribute. The association of these two methods has demonstrated to be extremely feasible. The high number of correctly inferred structures together with the high precision and recall values of the extraction process demonstrates that this new approach is indeed a promising one.<br>Hoje em dia a Web se apresenta como o maior repositório de informações da humanidade. Contudo, essa imensa gama de informação é formada principalmente por conteúdo textual e
necessariamente requer interpretação humana para se tornar útil. Por outro lado, existe uma grande quantidade de páginas na Web que são, na verdade, formadas por um conjunto implícito de objetos. Isso ocorre, por exemplo, em páginas oriundas de sites de catálogos on-line, bibliotecas
digitais e comércio eletrônico em geral. A extração desse conteúdo e a identificação da estrutura dos objetos disponíveis permite uma forma mais sofisticada de processamento além da tradicional navegação por hiperlinks e consultas por palavras-chave. A tarefa de extrair dados de páginas Web é executada por progamas chamados extratores ou wrappers. Neste trabalho propomos uma nova abordagem para o desenvolvimento de extratores. Nessa abordagem o usuário se restringe a fornecer exemplos de treinamento para os atributos que constituem os objetos de interesse. Baseado nesses exemplos, são gerados automaticamente padrões para extrair dados inseridos em contextos similares áqueles fornecidos como exemplos. Em seguida, esses dados são automaticamente organizados segundo uma estrutura plausível. Nosso método de geração de padrões de extração utiliza técnicas herdadas de soluções para o problema do alinhamento múltiplo de seqüências. O método é capaz de produzir padrões de extração que podem ser facilmente transformados em expressões regulares. A tarefa de inferir
uma estrutura plausível para os objetos extraídos é realizada pelo algoritmo HotCycles, que foi previamente proposto e que foi revisto e ampliado neste trabalho. O algoritmo constrói um grafo de adjacências para esses dados, e realiza nele, uma análise estrutural em busca de padrões que indiquem construtores estruturais como tuplas e listas. A partir de tais construtores, é associado um tipo aninhado aos dados que foram extraídos da página. Experimentos realizados em 21 coleções de páginas reais da Web demonstram a viabilidade
do método de extração de valores atômicos, obtendo um desempenho superior a 94% e utilizando no máximo 10 exemplos de treinamento por atributo. O algoritmo HotCycles foi capaz de inferir uma estrutura plausível para os objetos em todas as coleções utilizadas. Seu desempenho combinado
com o método de extração de valores atômicos chegou a 97% de estruturas corretamente inferidas com a utilização também até 10 exemplos por atributo. A combinação desses dois métodos demonstrou-se extremamente viável. Os altos índices de estruturas corretamente inferidas juntamente com os elevados índices de precisão e revocação do processo de extração demonstram que esta é sem dúvida uma abordagem promissora.
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Ridlon, Robert W. "Three essays on asymmetric contests making the strong and weak fight harder /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3324513.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Kelley School of Business, 2008.<br>Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on May 12, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-08, Section: A, page: 3253. Adviser: Rick Harbaugh.
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Reasoner, Mark. "The strong and the weak : "Romans" XIV,1-XV,13 in context /." Cambridge : Cambridge university press, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37650247m.
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Patton, Kenneth. "Analyzing the Information Content in Gravitational Shadows." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1471838287.
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Zhou, Yi. "Phase Behavior of Oppositely Charged Strong and Weak Polyelectrolytes, and Properties of Corresponding Complexes." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1555517232053683.
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Carvalho, Paulo Miguel Nunes Soeiro de. "Scenarios as a tool to give context and sense to weak signals in a process of competitive intelligence." Lyon 3, 2010. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2010_in_carvalho_p.pdf.
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Ce travail de recherche vise à démontrer que, dans un contexte très turbulent et incertain, les entreprises doivent considérer les signaux faibles envoyés par (ou obtenus dans) l’environnement (interne et externe à l’organisation), et que ce type d’information doit être géré et encadré dans un processus de veille stratégique. La première section de la thèse constituera la base théorique et conceptuelle de la recherche, offrant le contexte nécessaire pour un travail de recherche plus spécifique et ciblé, visant à explorer si et comment les scénarios peuvent être utilisés comme un outil pour faciliter l'interprétation et à donner du sens aux signaux faibles dans un environnement d'entreprise. Après que les fondements théoriques et conceptuels de ce travail de recherche soient présentés, nous faisons une analyse comparative et critique des modèles conceptuels et des processus de veille stratégique, donnant une attention particulière aux étapes et approches connexes à l'amplification, l'interprétation et la construction du sens des signaux faibles. Notre contribution a l'intention de se concentrer sur la création d'un cadre conceptuel et l'expérimentation d'un processus (la deuxième partie de la thèse). Par conséquent, nous proposons un cadre générique et une procédure spécifique qui permet l'identification des signaux faibles dans une phase d'analyse environnementale et, postérieurement, l’exploration de l’impacte et la signification de ces signaux faibles dans un ensemble de scénarios alternatifs en fonction de l'orientation stratégique définie dans chaque expérience. Dans ce contexte, les scénarios assument un rôle crucial tels que contextes alternatifs où les signaux faibles peuvent être interprétés. Dans la troisième partie de la thèse on présente les propositions théoriques et opérationnelles, aussi qu’une prescription générique qui essaye de mettre en évidence et d'intégrer, de façon systémique, certaines des conclusions que nous avons atteint dans cette recherche, résultant de la confrontation de l’information théorique avec les expériences accomplies<br>This research work aims to demonstrate that, in a highly turbulent and uncertain context, companies must take into account the “weak signals” sent by (obtained in) the environment (internal and external to the organization), and that this type of information must be managed and framed in a process of competitive intelligence. The first section of the Thesis will form the theoretical and conceptual basis of the research, offering the necessary background for a more specific and focused research work, aiming at exploring if and how scenarios can be used as a tool to facilitate the interpretation and to give sense to weak signals in a corporate environment. After the theoretical and conceptual foundations of this research work, we make a comparative and critical analysis of conceptual models and processes of competitive intelligence, giving a particular attention to the stages and approaches related to the amplification, interpretation and sense-making of weak signals. Our contribution intends to focus on the design of a conceptual framework and experimentation of a process (second part of the Thesis). Therefore, we propose a generic framework and a specific procedure which allows the identification of Weak Signals in an environmental scanning phase and then the exploration of the impact and meaning of those Weak Signals in a set of alternative scenarios according to the strategic focus defined in each experiment. Here the scenarios assume a crucial role as alternative contexts where the Weak Signals can be interpreted. In the third part of the Thesis we present the theoretical and operational propositions and also a general prescription which tries to highlight and integrate, in a systemic way, some of the conclusions that we’ve reached in this research, resulting from the confrontation of the theoretical enquiry with the experiments made
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Altaf, Huwaidha. "The inflammatory response to particulate wear debris in the context of total hip replacements." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.479103.
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RITTO, THIAGO GAMBOA. "VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF LINEAR AND NON-LINEAR SYSTEMS IN THE CONTEXT OF WEAK-FORMULATION, MODAL ANALYSIS AND KARHUNEN-LOÈVEN BASIS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2005. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=7650@1.
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CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO<br>Neste trabalho a Análise de Vibrações é tratada no
contexto da formulação
fraca. Um sistema contínuo é formulado abstratamente em um
espaço de
Hilbert e uma base de projeção é escolhida para a
dinâmica. Um esquema de
convergência para a aproximação é garantido à medida em
que se aumenta o
número de funções da base usada para representar a
resposta do problema.
Esta é a idéia por traz de métodos como o Método dos
Elementos Finitos e
o Método dos Modos Supostos, que derivam do Método de
Galerkin. Esta
estratégia é diferente do que comumente é ensinado nos
cursos de vibrações,
onde um sistema massa-mola é analisado, e sistemas
discretos formados por
massas, molas e amortecedores são discutidos. Nestes casos
não se sabe qual
é o erro cometido na análise numérica. A Análise de
Vibrações é muito usada
na manutenção preditiva de máquinas rotativas. Alguns
fenômenos observados nesses equipamentos motivaram o
desenvolvimento de um modelo
numérico que pudesse reproduzir tais fenômenos para melhor
entendê-los.
Um sistema rotor-mancal é modelado e sua resposta dinâmica
comparada
qualitativamente com a resposta dinâmica captada através
de acelerômetros
fixados nos mancais de um exaustor da Companhia
Siderúrgica
de Tubarão
(CST). Durante o trabalho diversos programas foram
desenvolvidos através
da plataforma MATLAB.<br>Vibration Analysis is treated in the context of weak
formulation. A continuous system is formulated in the
Hilbert space and one base is selected
to project the dynamics. An approximation scheme is
guaranteed by increasing the number of functions in the
base used to represent the response.
This is the idea behind methods like the Finite Element
Method and Assumed Modes Method, which derive from
Galerkin Method. This strategy
is different from what is commonly taught in vibration
courses, where a
mass-spring system is analyzed and discrete systems
composed by masses,
springs and dashpots are discussed. In those cases the
error of the numerical
analysis is not known. Vibration Analysis is very used in
predictive maintenance of rotating machines. Some
phenomenons observed in those machines
motivated the development of a numerical model that could
reproduce such
phenomenons to better understand them. A rotor-bearing
system is modelled and its dynamic response is qualitative
compared to the dynamic response captured by
accelerometers fixed on the bearings of a blower of the
steel company Companhia Siderúrgica de Tubarão (CST).
During this work
several programs were developed using MATLAB software.
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Åkerman, Jonas. "Extensions in Flux : An Essay on Vagueness and Context Sensitivity." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Filosofiska institutionen, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-30080.
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The extensions of vague predicates like ‘is bald’, ‘is tall’, and ‘is a heap’ apparently lack sharp boundaries, and this makes such predicates susceptible to soritical reasoning, i.e. reasoning that leads to some version of the notorious sorites paradox. This essay is concerned with a certain kind of theory of vagueness, according to which the symptoms and puzzles of vagueness should be accounted for in terms of a particular species of context sensitivity exhibited by vague expressions. The basic idea is that the extensions of vague predicates vary with certain contextual factors, and that this fact can explain why they appear to lack sharp boundaries. This kind of view is referred to as contextualism about vagueness. A detailed characterisation of contextualism about vagueness is given in chapter two and three. In chapter two, a generic version of contextualism about vagueness is developed, and some alternative forms of context sensitivity are introduced. In chapter three, the specific contextual factors appealed to by different contextualists are discussed. In chapter four, different contextualist diagnoses of the sorites paradox are considered, and found to be problematic in various ways. It is argued that contrary to what some of its proponents have claimed, contextualism about vagueness is not superior to other comparable theories of vagueness when it comes to explaining the appeal of soritical reasoning. In chapter five, a certain version of the sorites paradox, known as the forced march sorites, is discussed. It is argued that “data” about how speakers would behave in the forced march cannot lend any firm support to contextualism about vagueness. In chapter six, some problems concerning the instability of the contextual factors are considered. One problem is that contextualist diagnoses of the sorites which locate a fallacy of equivocation in the reasoning seem to render non-soritical reasoning fallacious as well. A model for treating this problem is suggested, but on closer consideration, it turns out to be problematic. Moreover, this model is of no help in solving the more general problem that even if classical logic remains valid for vague language on some contextualist views, the instability of the extensions of vague predicates makes it difficult to know when a certain piece of reasoning instantiates a valid argument form. Other difficulties arise with respect to speech reports and belief contents. Chapter seven concludes with a summary and some methodological remarks.
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Vetter, Barbara. "Natur und Kunst - Otto Modersohns Werk im historischen Kontext /." [S.l : s.n.], 1996. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
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Stuck, Elisabeth. "Hanna Johansen : eine Studie zum erzählerischen Werk 1978-1995 /." Bern [etc.] : Verlag Paul Haupt, 1996. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
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Eberling-Penner, Mary. "Planning the attack on content area reading, the effect of four metacognitive strategies on weak adolescent readers' confidence." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0003/MQ45040.pdf.
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Brodin, Holmstedt Nina. "The new gatekeepers of fashion week : A qualitative study of the influencers role at fashion week." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-12800.
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Aim of the research: This research aims to create an understanding for the new ways in which global fashion influencers’ attending fashion week are contributing to the presentation of it as gatekeepers and distributors of information and fashion knowledge, and how this rolea dds new perspectives to how fashion week is presented. Method: The research has been limited to analysing the material of six global fashion influencers, with a total following of 28 million people, during the major fashion weeks of Spring/Summer 2017 and Autumn/Winter 2017. The material has been collected and analyzed using a qualitative content analysis, also called ethnographic content analysis, with focus on distinguishing common characteristics in the text. Findings: The results have shown that the fashion influencers have contributed to the presentation of fashion week in several new ways, with the greatest characteristic being sharing a broad picture of what is going on during fashion week. The influencers are also sharing insight to exclusive fashion shows and events that have traditionally not been shared with the public. More over, the fashion influencers are sharing their personal perspectives and experiences of fashion week as well as their personal taste and opinions regarding fashion trends and other things. They are also adding a new commercial and promotional focus while presenting an idealized image of fashion week to their followers. The findings are indicated that the fashion influencers have established an important role at fashion week, which in turnis affecting the presentation of it. Contributions: The findings presented in this research can be of relevance for those who wants to understand the fashion influencers’ role during fashion week, for instance fashion brands and designers who wishes to learn how to engage with the fashion influencers’ from a business and marketing perspective. Considering social media and the fashion influencers affecting the presentation of fashion week as societal changes, the findings can also be relevant for fashion researchers who wishes to understand how these changes are affecting the presentation of fashion week and the fashion industry.
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Harith, Hazreen Haizi. "Lubrication properties of post-injury synovial fluid the relationship between friction, wear and its biochemical contents /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p1450162.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of California, San Diego, 2008.<br>Title from first page of PDF file (viewed March 27, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Includes bibliographical references.
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Obrist, Johann Markus. ""What you see is painting" : Studien zum Werk von Frank Stella /." Zürich : [s.n.], 1996. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
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Bruno, Arianna. "Spears in context : typology, life-cycles and social meanings in Bronze Age Italy." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/spears-in-context-typology-lifecycles-and-social-meanings-in-bronze-age-italy(75f24b6e-2151-496d-89a5-ddccc3a20e72).html.
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This research explores the phenomenon of Bronze Age spearheads between the Middle and Final Bronze Age (18th century-9th century B.C.) in Italy. It will explore how these objects change over time and analyse patterns of distribution as well as changes in depositional context. The thesis consists of a catalogue of examples from the Italian Peninsula which are analysed in two ways: first, a typological sequence has been constructed, in order to identify differences in form, appearance and dimension, in order to analyze chronological and regional variation. Second, edge-wear analysis is conducted on a sample of objects in order to gain an appreciation of how this method can inform the archaeological interpretation of artefact biographies. The premise of such a study is rooted in a theoretical framework which argues that objects embody fundamental aspects of people’s social lives. As weapons for both hunting and warfare, spears embody rich symbolism which was drawn upon by Bronze Age communities, in many different ways. The biographical approach reveals close connections between these objects and the lives of individuals, the places they lived in as well locales which were of ritual importance to them. The edge-wear analysis also suggests that these objects were conceptualized as having lives which were ritually ended through deliberate damage, in addition to natural wear, damage and repair. These studies are situated within broader traditions of northern European archaeological evidence. The thesis concludes by arguing this biographical approach considerably enriches more traditional typological approaches to material culture. When used in combination with the study of the context of deposition, it suggests Mediterranean scholarship on prehistoric metallurgy can benefit greatly from these conjoined methodologies.
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Comment, François. "Der Erzähler Jakob Bosshart /." Bern ; Stuttgart : P. Haupt, 1990. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
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McFaddin, Jared Douglas. "Development of Correlations for Unconfined Compression Strength and Methods of Field Preparations and Preservation of Kope Shale." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1217259954.
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Langenhoven, Jacobus. "The effects of humidity and soluble water content on the lubricity testing of a n-hexadecane and palmitic acid test fluid." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/46242.
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Liquid fuel lubricity testing is known to be sensitive to the humidity of the surrounding atmosphere. The effect reported does however not seem to be universal for all diesel types according to available literature. This study was limited to the use of n-hexadecane as base fluid with addition of between 100 - 2000 ppm of palmitic acid (PA) as lubricity enhancer. The fuel spectrum was kept simple to allow a more fundamental approach by limiting the extent of possible chemical reactions. Both wear and seizure load testing were performed.
The effect of water on both tests was found to be:
Wear and friction increased with higher soluble water content. Water therefore interferes with the action of the lubricating additive leading to decreased performance.
It is known that hydroxyl groups, from dissociative chemisorption of water, act as active sites for adsorption. It is however postulated that the associative chemisorption and/or physisorption of water interferes by either reducing the active site availability or reducing activity to ligand exchange.
No iron oxyhydroxides (FeOOH) were detected on the wear scars or tracks using Raman spectroscopy. The adsorbed water therefore likely only interact with the surface due to their low concentrations (10 ~ 50 ppm).Liquid fuel lubricity testing is known to be sensitive to the humidity of the surrounding atmosphere. The effect reported does however not seem to be universal for all diesel types according to available literature. This study was limited to the use of n-hexadecane as base fluid with addition of between 100 - 2000 ppm of palmitic acid (PA) as lubricity enhancer. The fuel spectrum was kept simple to allow a more fundamental approach by limiting the extent of possible chemical reactions. Both wear and seizure load testing were performed.
The effect of water on both tests was found to be:
Wear and friction increased with higher soluble water content. Water therefore interferes with the action of the lubricating additive leading to decreased performance.
It is known that hydroxyl groups, from dissociative chemisorption of water, act as active sites for adsorption. It is however postulated that the associative chemisorption and/or physisorption of water interferes by either reducing the active site availability or reducing activity to ligand exchange.
No iron oxyhydroxides (FeOOH) were detected on the wear scars or tracks using Raman spectroscopy. The adsorbed water therefore likely only interact with the surface due to their low concentrations (10 ~ 50 ppm). For wear testing the following additional observations were made:
The electric contact resistance (ECR) took longer to increase at higher soluble water content, for all PA concentrations. The equilibrium values attained were also lower, when values were within the measurement range. This again highlights the reduced lubricity performance at higher soluble water content.
Wear scar appearance and colour were uniquely affected at each concentration of PA
Similar trends were observed at 60 °C and 80 °C. At the higher temperature:
Wear scar diameters increased.
Friction coefficients decreased and had less variance.
ECR values were similar, but took longer to increase to a steady value.
For seizure load testing the following additional observations were made:
At higher water content, the oscillation-stroke on the test machine used tended to deviate more, before the actual seizure point was reached.
The effects of soluble water were more noticeable at lower PA concentrations.<br>Dissertation (MEng)--University of Pretoria, 2014.<br>tm2015<br>Chemical Engineering<br>MEng<br>Unrestricted
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Mammei, Juliette Mae. "Parity-Violating Elastic Electron Nucleon Scattering: Measurement of the Strange Quark Content of the Nucleon and Towards a Measurement of the Weak Charge of the Proton." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27661.
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The experiments discussed in this thesis exploit parity violation in elastic electron proton
scattering in order to measure properties of the nucleon. Both experiments make use of
the high quality, highly polarized electron beam available at Thomas Jefferson National
Accelerator Facility. Qweak will measure the weak mixing angle, sin<sup>2</sup>θ<sub>W</sub>, via a measurement
of the weak charge of the proton, at a four-momentum transfer, Q<sup>2</sup>~0.026 GeV<sup>2</sup>/c<sup>2</sup>. The
precision of this measurement gives Qweak access to new physics at the scale of 2.3 TeV,
making it a test of the standard model. The G0 experimental program provides the fully
separated contributions of the strange quark to the charge and magnetization distributions of
the nucleon at two different values of four-momentum transfer, Q<sup>2</sup> ~ 0.22 and 0.63 GeV<sup>2</sup>/c<sup>2</sup>. The measurement of the strange quark content of the proton in the G0 experimental program
and other parity-violating electron scattering experiments provides a measurement of the
hadronic contribution to the asymmetry in Qweak.
In addition, G0 was able to measure the parity-conserving beam normal single spin
asymmetries that provide a measurement of the imaginary part of two photon exchange.
The measurement of this asymmetry is necessary to understand the systematic contribution
to measurements of parity-violating asymmetries, but it is also an important physics result.
Recent theoretical work has shown that higher order radiative effects, such as two photon
exchange, may be able to explain discrepancies between experiments which measure the ratio
of the electric and magnetic form factors of the proton. The measurement of the transverse or
beam normal single spin asymmetries provides a benchmark for theories that estimate the size
of radiative corrections that are important for precision electroweak scattering experiments
such as those described in this thesis. The results of the measurement of the transverse
asymmetries at backward angles in G0 are presented at the two values of Q<sup>2</sup> ~ 0.22 and 0.63 GeV<sup>2</sup>/c<sup>2</sup> for hydrogen. Results for deuterium, which can provide the first measurements of the beam normal single spin asymmetries on the neutron, are also presented.<br>Ph. D.
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Hladkowicz, Emily. "Exploring Participants' Experiences of an 8-Week Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) Program in the Context of Adapting to Living with Chronic Pain." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34348.
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At least one in five Canadians lives with chronic pain, and the prevalence rate is rising. Chronic pain can be a result of injury, disease, surgery, and in some cases, the cause remains unknown. Due to the complexity and variability in the etiology and presentation of chronic pain, it can often be a challenge to implement an appropriate and effective treatment plan. Often, the effects of chronic pain are so debilitating that relief is only available temporarily with pain medication. However, there is the concern and possibility of addiction, health issues, and even increased risk of death with some medicinal interventions. Living with chronic pain can have widespread ramifications, affecting more than just the physical body. This includes psychological, emotional, interpersonal, and vocational challenges. In essence, all aspects of one’s quality of life can be affected by chronic pain. As chronic pain often persists over many years or even the lifetime, it is important to better understand how one might adapt to living with chronic pain. Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) is a structured 8-week program that is commonly used as an intervention for people living with chronic pain, as several research studies have shown promising effects on pain outcomes and quality of life. Using hermeneutic phenomenology, the purpose of this study is to learn about the lived experiences of participating in an 8-week MBSR program from those living with chronic pain. Particularly, it explores how, if at all, an MBSR program may play a role in the participants’ adaptation to living with chronic pain. In depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 3 participants at the end of the MBSR program. They were then analyzed, interpreted and checked by the researcher. The interpretative analysis involved the researcher explicitly detailing their own positioning in order to inform the interpretations and allow for a well-informed continued interpretation and understanding from readers. Overall, participants described several key aspects which may shed light into the benefits that MBSR can have in regards to adaptation to chronic pain as delineated by the following categories: physical pain and pain management, self-perception and identity, relationship dynamics, and emotional equilibrium. Lastly, broader themes included: being heard and understood, letting go and being here, the healing perspective, and moving from surviving to living. The results of this study speaks to the experience of living with chronic pain, and how an MBSR program offers the tools to help facilitate the adaptation process to living with chronic pain, thereby improving quality of life.
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Malmberg, Cecilia, and Arbenita Dautaj. "Att konstruera hållbarhet : Kommunikation inom fast fashion." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-561.
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Hållbarhet är ett begrepp som har skiftande innebörd, både inom vetenskap och populärvetenskap. Forskning kring hållbarhet har ett särskilt fokus på kartläggning av orsakssamband och enbart ett fåtal studier fokuserar på att kartlägga och utforska hur begreppet hållbarhet konstrueras genom företags kommunikation. Inom redovisning efterfrågas ofta ett mer principbaserat och konceptuellt angreppssätt, och då detta enligt vår litteraturöversikt ges begränsat utrymme inom forskning kring hållbarhet, finns det möjligheter till att bidra med förståelse på området. Syftet med denna studie är att utforska hur begreppet hållbarhet kommuniceras och därmed konstrueras av företag med affärskonceptet fast fashion. Det finns en distinktion mellan handling och kommunikation och den här studien behandlar enbart kommunikationsaspekten. Vi har genomfört en kvalitativ innehållsanalys av hållbarhetsredovisningar för företag med affärskonceptet fast fashion. Studien har en tvärsnittsdesign med ett teoretiskt urval och top of mind-associationer. Totalt inkluderades tre företag i studien och deras respektive hållbarhetsredovisningar för rapporteringsåret 2013. I analysen har vi arbetat utifrån en abduktiv ansats inspirerat av ett foucauldianskt perspektiv. Den teoretiska modellen utvecklades med hjälp av tidigare litteratur om hållbarhetsdefinitioner och användes som en utgångspunkt för att kategorisera de textavsnitt som identifierades i respektive analys. Vår utforskning av företagens kommunikation av hållbarhet leder till slutsatsen att begreppet snarare konstrueras som produktiv aktivitet än handlingsklokhet i och med företagens tydliga fokus på stegvis anpassning och efterlevnad av såväl koder som specifika regler. Weak sustainability är mer framträdande än strong sustainability i företagens hållbarhetsrapportering, men det finns även en glidande skala mellan dessa. Till skillnad från övriga studier kring konstruktion av hållbarhetsbegreppet riktar denna studie in sig på företag med ett visst koncept (i.e. fast fashion) i utforskningen av hur hållbarhetsbegreppet kommuniceras och konstrueras. Studiens bidrag är utvecklandet av den teoretiska modellen i form av en glidande skala samt ökad konceptuell förståelse för konstruktion av hållbarhet. Vi argumenterar således för en glidande skala mellan de teoretiskt definierade hållbarhetskategorierna, medan andra studier enbart presenterar sina resultat enligt dikotomier.<br>Considering both science and popular science, sustainability is a concept of diverse meanings. Scientific research concerning sustainability has a particular focus on plotting causal links. Only a few studies focus on plotting and exploring the concept of sustainability as it is being conveyed by businesses via communication in corporate sustainability reports. Within the accounting field, there is a common demand for a principles-based and conceptual approach. Thus, while our literature review shows scientific research on sustainability has given limited attention to this approach, there are vast opportunities to contribute to this field by enhancing the comprehension of this issue. Consequently, the aim of this study is to explore the way in which the concept of sustainability is communicated and hence constructed by fast fashion businesses. As there is a distinction between practice and communication, this study merely focuses on the communication aspect.We have conducted a qualitative content analysis based on corporate sustainability reports issued by fast fashion corporations. The study applies a cross-sectional design and a theoretical sampling technique coupled with top-of-mind associations. In total, three corporations were included in this study, resulting in a sample of three corporate sustainability reports from the reporting year of 2013. During the analysis, an abductive approach inspired by a foucauldian perspective was applied. The theoretical model was elaborated on the basis of previous research and academic literature on the definition of sustainability and it served as an initial structure for categorization of the empirical observations.Our findings indicate that companies portray a clear focus on gradual adjustment and conformity to various codes as well as regulations, which leads to the conclusion that companies included in this study construct sustainability in terms of skills rather than wisdom. Furthermore, our findings point to the conclusion that elements of weak sustainability are more prominent than elements of strong sustainability in corporate sustainability reports. However, a notable finding is the existence of a sliding scale between these paradigms. As opposed to other studies regarding the construction of sustainability, this study focuses on a certain business concept (i.e. fast fashion) exploring the communication and construction of the concept sustainability. The contribution of our study is an evolution of the model in terms of a sliding scale and increased conceptual understanding of the term sustainability. We argue a sliding scale between weak and strong sustainability should be taken into account, while previous studies have presented their findings solely as dichotomies.This paper is written in Swedish.
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Gouin, Céline. "Numerical methods for the prediction of gravitational lensing signal as a probe of the mass content on the Universe." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS106/document.
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Les relevés à venir comme Euclid, LSST et WFIRST vont nous ouvrir la perspective d’étudier l’univers profond. Pour ces grands relevés, l’astigmatisme cosmique correspond à une sonde indispensable pour étudier la nature de l’énergie noire et la matière noire. Compte tenu de la précision attendue par ces observations, nous devons faire des prédictions basées sur des simulations correspondant à l’état de l’art afin de quantifier avec précision la variance, les biais et les dégénérescences potentielles liés aux baryons. Dans ce contexte, ma thèse se focalise sur la construction d’estimateurs précis basés sur les observables de lentillage. La première partie de ma thèse consiste à caractériser la géométrie des grandes structures par astigmatisme cosmique (Gouin et al. 2017). Une décomposition multipolaire du signal est appliquée afin de quantifier la distribution azimutale de la matière noire, centrée sur les amas. Les propriétés statistiques de ces moments sont estimées à partir d’une simulation cosmologique. Les distorsions harmoniques calculées dans le voisinage des amas tracent la structure filamentaire. Un plus grand nombre de filaments semblent connectés aux amas de forte masse. Dans la dernière partie de ma thèse, je synthétise le signal d’astigmatisme cosmique dans le cône de lumière de la simulation Horizon AGN. Pour ce faire, je propage les rayons de lumière le long du cône dans l’approximation des plans de lentillage multiples. L’effet des baryons est significatif dans la statistique du cisaillement aux échelles angulaires inférieures à l’arc-minute. Le signal de cisaillement galaxie-galaxie est comparée aux observations récentes, et semble être en bon accord<br>Upcoming weak lensing surveys such as Euclid, LSST and WFIRST will provide an unprecedented opportunity to investigate the dark Universe. Through these large scale surveys, gravitational lensing is an indispensable cosmological probe to investigate the dark energy and the dark matter. Due to the new level of accuracy in observations, we must perform cosmological predictions in state-of-art simulations, to precisely quantify its variances, biases and potential degeneracies coming from baryonic physics. In this context, my thesis focuses on the construction of accurate weak lensing observables. The first part of my PhD work characterises the geometry of large-scale structure through weak lensing (Gouin et al. 2017). I relied on multipolar decomposition of weak lensing signal to quantify the azimuthal distribution of dark matter centred on galaxy clusters. The statistical properties of these moments are estimated from a large N-body simulation. The harmonic distortions computed in the vicinity of clusters appear to trace the filamentary structure. Larger number of filaments seem to be connected to high-mass clusters.The detection level of this statistical estimator is estimated. In the last part of my thesis, I mock the weak gravitational lensing signal in the light-cone of the Horizon-AGN simulation (Gouin et al. 2019). To do so, I propagate light-rays along the light-cone in the multiple-lens-plane approximation. The impact of baryons is significant in cosmic shear statistics for angular scales below a few arcmins. In addition, the galaxy-galaxy lensing signal is compared to current observational measurements (Leauthaud et al. 2017), and seems in good agreement
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Coray, Pia. "Emanzipatorische Tendenz und Traditionsbestimmtheit im Leben und Werk Fanny Lewalds : eine Untersuchung der Autobiographie und des frühen Romanschaffens von Fanny Lewald unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der sozial- und lebensgeschichtlichen Zusammenhänge /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1990. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
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Qi, Baihui. "Liens dynamiques entre le business model et le logistic model dans un contexte d'omnicanalité : le cas des réseaux de distribution de prêt-à-porter en France." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0516.
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Récemment, une nouvelle ère du commerce « connecté » arrive, dans laquelle l’offre des services logistiques fluides entre les différents canaux de vente, sera primordiale pour les réseaux de distribution. Dans ce contexte d’omnicanalité, nous focalisons aux liens pouvant être établis entre le logistics model adopté et le business model. Nous formulons l’hypothèse selon laquelle le logistics model adopté peut faire évoluer le business model : P1: le business model a un impact sur le logistics model. P2: Le logistics model a un impact sur le business model. P3: Quand le business model évolue, le logistics model évolue et s’adapte. P4 : L’évolution du logistics model a un impact sur l’évolution du business model. P5 : L’innovation du logistics model peut pousser l’innovation du business model. Une recherche empirique (4 cas) est menée permettant de capter les aspects dynamiques. Des entretiens semi-directifs avec les dirigeants, les responsables logistiques ont été réalisés. Des analyses intra-cas et inter-cas ont été menées. Apports: Au plan théorique, nous définissons les composants des business model et des logistics model dans l’industrie du prêt-à-porter et montrons 4 processus logistiques liés à la proposition de valeur. Nous montrons comment les évolutions ou les innovations logistiques peuvent permettre d’acquérir des compétences et du savoir-faire distinctifs susceptibles de proposer de nouvelles propositions de valeur aux clients et d’améliorer le business model d’une enseigne. Au plan managérial, les distributeurs trouveront matière à modéliser leurs activités et à positionner les services logistiques au centre de leurs business models futurs<br>Recently, a new era of “connected commerce” is emerging, where the ability of offering effective and fluid logistics services among the different channels will be a key feature of distribution networks. In the context of omnichannel, we focus on the dynamic links between logistics model adopted by a distribution company and its business model. We make the hypothesis that the adopted logistics model can lead to changes in the business model: P1: the business model impacts the logistics model. P2: the logistics model impacts the business model. P3: the evolution of the business model impacts the evolution of the logistics model. P4: the evolution of the logistics model impacts the evolution of the business model. P5: The innovation of the logistics model impacts the innovation of the business model. To answer the research questions, we conducted a dynamic empirical research (four case studies in the ready-to-wear industry). Semi-structured interview with leaders, and logistics managers were conducted, followed by an intra-case and cross-case analyzes.Implications: At the theoretical level, we define precisely the components of the business model and the logistics model and demonstrate an association between four logistics processes and the value proposition to customers. We show how evolution and innovation of logistics can provide distinctive skills and know-how that can help create new value propositions to customers and improve the company’s business model. At the managerial level, our study offers insights to retailers certain ways to model their activities and to position the logistics services at the center of their future business model
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Petrullo, Giacoma. "Produzione in materie dure di origine animale da contesti pre-pastorali e pastorali del Maghreb orientale dell’Olocene antico e medio : studio tecnologico e funzionale." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100170.
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Mon étude concerne l’analyse des industries en matières dures d’origine animale dans les contextes prè-pastoraux et pastoraux de l’Est du Maghreb au début et au milieu de l’Holocène.Le Maghreb est riche d’une longue tradition de fabrication et utilisation des ces types des matières, cependant très peu de chercheurs se sont intéressé à la question depuis les années 60 et seulement au travers d’études typologiques, dont chacun connaît maintenant les limites. J’ai reprise l’étude des anciennes collections (Dra-Mta-el-M-Abiod; R’fane; Khanguet-Ain-Mouhaad ; Capéletti collection Rivière) dans la perspective d’une approche technologique, typologique et fonctionelle. Le but est reconstruire la séquence dynamique à la base de la production osseuses des groupes culturels de ces régions: de l’approvisionnement de la matière première (par chasse, abattage ou collecte) à la production des objets en reconstituant des schémas de fabrication et d'utilisation des outils par observation tracceologique et expérimentations. Cela a permis de définir leur rôle dans les activités menées par le groupe, en s’intéressant aussi à la maintenance des outils, y compris au recyclage, jusqu'à l’abandon de l’objet utilisé.En comparant les données issues des séries analyses des seriés pré-pastorale il a été possible d’observer, pour les procédés de fabrication un système normé très codifié et homogène, même avec quelques variantes. Ce système se reflète dans le choix de la matière première et des espèces animales, dans les caractéristiques morpho-métriques et stylistiques des produits finis et dans certains cas, dans le procédé et la méthode de débitage, enfin dans les techniques de fabrication.L’analyse technologique et fonctionelle de la série pastorale Rivière a révélé un changement partiel des les systèmes de production des objets en matières dures d’origine animale par rapport à la série pré-pastorale. Même si sur le plan stylistique il y a des tendences communs ou de continuité, dans la morpho-métrie, dans la typologie, les procédé et la méthodes de fabrication mises en oeuvre ou encore les techniques de fabbrication et leurs ordre d’application on peut observer des éléments nouveaux Tout ces aspects ont pu être mis en évidence uniquement grâce àl’approche technologique qui j’ai menée qui m’a permis de isoler des traits distinctifs et diagnostiqus particulièrement clairs pour les phases de production. Ces éléments de caractérisation très prometteurs méritent maintenat d’être vérifiés et d’être complétés par de nouvelles observations et par l’étude d’un corpus élargi à d’autres collections.L’approche combinée de la typologie, de la technologique e l’étude fonctionelle permettra certainement d’après des éléments de réponse à ces questions fondamentales dans les années à venir. J’espère par exemple de apporter de nouveaux arguments permettant de insérer l’étude des processus productive des matières dures d’origine animale sur le sujet de la relation de continuité ou discontinuité culturelle entre les société pré-pastoral du Capsien supérieur et les société pastorales du Néolithique de Tradition Capsienne en Algérie<br>During my Ph.D. research I have investigated the exploitation of hard faunal materials coming from some pre-pastoral and pastoral contexts of the Eastern Maghreb, defined as Capsian and Neolithic of Capsian Tradition. In particular, the materials coming from the first half of 20th century excavations by J. Morel, Debruge, Latapie and T. Riviére in the Tébessa and Aurés regions are the specific focus of my analyses. For the first time these collections have been investigated from a technological and functional perspective. The multidisciplinary approach I have applied involved the identification and characterization of the technological scars on the débitage products and their comparison with those visible on artefacts from an experimental reference collection.Each element underwent a progressive scale of observation: from the naked eye up to 130X magnification under a stereomicroscope. This allowed the identification of specific manufacturing techniques, processes of matrix partition and manufacturing methods for the production of certain morpho-types. In parallel, the study of the deformation of the tool’s active edge and the observation, under reflected-light microscope, of the micro-usewear allowed a better understanding of the types of materials with which some of the tools came in to contact.The reconstruction of the chaîne opératoire and, more generally, of the production processes of hard faunal materials coming from the analysed contexts, yielded a new contribution to the definition of the Eastern Maghreb food-producing communities. The synchronic analysis of the pre-pastoral contexts highlighted a certain degree of homogeneity in the technical and economic choices of the Eastern Maghreb human groups. At the same time, the diachronic analysis has highlighted the element of continuity and discontinuity between pre-pastoral and pastoral contexts.The application of this approach to other collections of worked bone artefacts coming from the Maghreb would provide new insights to the still-open debate about the relationship between the pre-pastoral Capsian and the so called pastoral Neolithic of Capsian Tradition groups<br>Il progetto di ricerca sviluppato all’interno della tesi verte sull’analisi di collezioni in materie dure di origine animale provenienti da alcuni contesti pre-pastorali e pastorali del Maghreb orientale, definiti come Capsiano e Neolitico di tradizione “Capsiana”, relativi all’antico e medio Olocene.Sebbene il largo impiego in queste aree di materie di origine animale per la produzione di manufatti, pochi ricercatori si sono interessati a questo tipo di studio, limitato quasi sempre ad un approccio eminentemente tipologico fondato sui lavori di Camps-Fabrer. Le collezioni sono state analizzate secondo un metodo tecnologico, tipologico e funzionale su base tracceologica e sperimentale.La ricostruzione della chaîne opératoire e più in generale dei processi di produzione delle materie dure di origine animale ha apportato un nuovo contributo nella definizione delle comunità pre-pastorali e pastorali che hanno occupato queste regioni del Maghreb orientale. L’analisi sincronica delle collezioni pre-pastorali ha consentito di mettere in risalto un certo grado di omogeneità nelle scelte tecniche ed economiche. Al contempo, una prima comparazione diacronica tecnologica, tipologica e funzionale tra le serie pre-pastorali e quella pastorale ha evidenziato un fenomeno di discontinuità nei processi produttivi forse derivata da nuovi contatti con le zone più settentrionali a loro volta al centro di possibili apporti dal Marocco ad Ovest oppure dal Vicino Oriente ad Est.In effetti, l’applicazione di un metodo di analisi come quello proposto per le collezioni analizzate ad un campione di studio più ampio potrebbe effettivamente convalidare la possibile rottura nei processi produttivi e apportare nuovi elementi al dibattito ancora aperto sulla relazione che intercorre tra i gruppi capsiani e quelli pastorali definiti in queste aree di “tradizione capsiana”
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Ahmed, Abdi Mahomed. "Bilden av muslimer och araber i amerikansk media veckan efter terrorattackerna den elfte september 2001 : A Qualitative Content Analysis of how Muslims and Arabs are depicted in American news media the week after 9/11." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för lärande, humaniora och samhälle, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-43993.
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The aim with this research essay is to examine how Muslims and Arabs are depicted in aselection of four American newspapers following the terror attack on the World Trade Center andthe Pentagon. In order to examine my two main question, I have two theories in which myresearch is based on and they are the framing theory and the postcolonial theory. Said’s theorieson orientalism are also big part of this research essay. For my method, I have chosen a qualitativecontent analysis. This form of method gives me the opportunity to study the newspaper in depthand to identify the framework in which the newspaper operates in. It is my aim to showcase howMuslims and Arabs are seen by the American media landscape and how news media can shapeour understanding of the world we live in. Be using word such as terrorism, Middle Easternbased when writing about Muslims and Arabs, the general public will associate Islam withterrorism. How we interpret the news is largely due to how we view the world around us, and byusing hidden codes news media can shape one’s perspective on the world.
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Burckard, Anneke. "Negative acculturation context variables as predictors of acculturation outcomes in a mine in the North–West Province / Anneke Burckard." Thesis, North-West University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4734.
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This research project examines the acculturation process in order to predict the perceived work success and health (psychological and physical) of mineworkers in a mine in the North–West Province.1 Work success can also be described as that which is achieved when an employee enjoys his career for reasons of psychological experience of success and personal growth and development within both his/her current occupation and working environment. Health is defined as a condition of complete physical, mental and social well–being and not merely the absence of disease or frailty. Health is therefore about completeness, contentment and well–being at a physical, cultural, psychosocial, economic and spiritual level. Employees’ success and health is evaluated from an acculturation perspective, and therefore considered a result of the acculturation process. This proposition was explored by investigating the relationship between the acculturation context and individual intervening factors, mapped into variables, and acculturation outcomes (work success and health).
A convenient sample of participants from the mine examined was taken (n = 288). English questionnaires using a cross–sectional survey design were used to gather the data. Modified measuring instruments and others developed for the project, which follow a five–point Likert format (‘strongly agree’ to ‘strongly disagree’) were used to investigate the mainstream domain (perceived mainstream segregation demands, perceived pressure to conform to management ideologies and practices, perceived racism at work, perceived discrimination at work, and relationships with mainstream members at work), an individual intervening factor (individual separation acculturation strategy practices), the ethnocultural domain (perceived pressure to conform to own culture, ethnic separation demands at work, and relationships with co–ethnics at work), psychological acculturation outcomes (health), and sociocultural acculturation outcomes (work success).
The data was captured in a spreadsheet, controlled for errors, and statistically analysed using regression in SPSS. Descriptive statistics, Cronbach alpha coefficients, and Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients were inspected, and effect sizes were used to determine the findings’ practical significance.
The results did indicate practical and statistically significant relationships exist between acculturation context, individual and acculturation outcomes variables. Perceived pressure to conform to management ideologies and practices, perceived racism at work, perceived discrimination at work, and relationships with co–ethnics at work proved to be statistically significant predictors of meeting deadlines at work. Perceived pressure to conform to management ideologies and practices, perceived racism at work, perceived discrimination at work, and relationships with co–ethnics at work was statistically significant predictors of reputation and respect at work. Perceived mainstream segregation demands, perceived pressure to conform to management ideologies and practices, perceived racism at work, and relationships with mainstream members at work were statistically significant predictors of training and development opportunities at work. Individual separation acculturation strategy practices and ethnic separation demands at work were statistically significant predictors of psychological health. Perceived racism at work and ethnic separation demands at work proved to be statistically significant predictors of physical health.
These findings demonstrate that success and health can be viewed from an acculturation perspective, and that the acculturation context and individual intervening factors, can be used to predict psychological and sociocultural acculturation outcomes.<br>Thesis (M.A. (Human Resource Management))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.
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Swahn, Clara, and Niki Eriksson. "Does the devil wear Prada? A content analysis of costume design in video games as a tool for conveying narrative and functionality : A study concerning costume design and its current use in games." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Medieteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-40587.
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This study examines how costume design is used as a narrative and functional part of video game character design. The purpose being how costume design is currently utilized, what common design trends can be found and in which instances costume design goes against the functionality and believability of the character. One character from each top selling single player third person game between the years 2015-2018 were chosen for the sample. A character analysis and a coding scheme were created to find common design trends used to visually display information to players. The results showed a prevalent use of real-world cues and signs to visually display instant information. Contradicting real-world cues used together can show a divergence from reality, but even with a lack of real world examples a uniform design language can be seen. The results also show the use of objects with contextual meaning being an important part of costume design, giving it more depth. The instances found of contradicting costume design were predominantly used to make the character stand out or to emphasize their attractiveness.<br>Denna studie undersöker hur kostymdesign används som en narrativ och funktionell del inom design av spelkaraktärer. Syftet är att se hur kostymdesign nuvarande används, vilka vanliga design trender som kan hittas och vilka instanser som finns där kostymdesign går emot trovärdighet och funktionalitet. En karaktär från varje toppsäljande spel med enspelarläge och tredjepersons perspektiv mellan år 2015-2018 valdes. En karaktärsanalys och ett kodschema skapades för att hitta gemensamma design trender som används för att visuellt förmedla information till spelare. Resultatet visar en övergripande användning av signaler från verkligheten för att visuellt förmedla omedelbar information. Motsägande verkliga signaler som visas tillsammans kan påvisa en avvikelse från verkligheten men även scenarion med en avsaknad av verkliga exempel kan ett uniformt designspråk ses. Resultaten visade även den vikt som läggs på användningen av objekt med kontextuell mening för att ge kostymdesigner mer djup. Instanser där kostymdesign sågs som motsägande var mestadels för att få karaktären att stå ut eller för att framhäva attraktiva drag.
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Chmelařová, Gabriela. "Přehrávač hudby pro Android s výběrem skladem dle kontextu zařízení." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-449167.
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Tato práce pojednává o vytvoření mobilní aplikace zvažující kontext zařízení, která vybírá a doporučuje hudební skladby dle aktuálního stavu kontextu zařízení. Kontext je získáván na základě naměřených hodnot, které jsou získány z vestavěných senzorů mobilního zařízení a z ostatních systémových hodnot zařízení. Výběr konkrétní skladby je poté založen na výstupu modelu strojového učení, který klasifikuje kontext na základě aktuálních získaných dat a následně zvolí skladbu připadající k danému kontextu.
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Sladeček, Martin. "Správa času - Android app s filosofií First-Things-First (S. Covey)." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264967.
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The aim of this thesis is the design and implementation of mobile application for time management on Android. It is based on First Things First philosophy by Stephen Covey. The main effort is to design application for various devices like mobile phones, tablets and smart watches. Modification of the design, bugfixes and new functions are based on user's monitoring, which is part of this thesis.
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Weaver, Margaret Louise. "The Role of Tie Strength in the Diffusion of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Information among Yoga Practitioners." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc984238/.
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The National Center for Complementary and Integrated Health, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, has highlighted a need for research to better understand the usage of complementary and alternative medicine practices. The purpose of this study was to investigate the flow of complementary and alternative medicine information among yoga practitioners. The study consisted of 51 yoga practitioners from 7 yoga studio locations. This mixed-methods study used interviews, surveys, and field notes to collect data. Content and social network analyses provided supporting evidence for Rogers' diffusion of innovations theory and Granovetter's strength of weak ties theory. Key findings included a preference for face-to-face communications, students having both strong and weak relationship ties to directors and instructors, and yoga being the top recommended practice. The study suggested that yoga practitioners related to complementary and alternative medicine information through the lens of their friends and relatives, sought information from trusted sources, and used this information to determine which practices were right for them to pursue.
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"Vibration analysis of linear and non-linear systems in the context of weak-formulation, modal analysis and karhunen-loèven basis." Tese, MAXWELL, 2005. http://www.maxwell.lambda.ele.puc-rio.br/cgi-bin/db2www/PRG_0991.D2W/SHOW?Cont=7650:pt&Mat=&Sys=&Nr=&Fun=&CdLinPrg=pt.
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Liu, Yi-Chia, and 劉益嘉. "Effect of titanium contents on the microstructure and wear behavior of Fe-based hardfacing alloy." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/07913782576035578538.
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碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>材料科學與工程學系所<br>99<br>This research discussed the effect of Ti content on the microstructure and wear behavior of Fe-based hard-facing alloys. A series of Fe-Cr-C-Si-Mn-xTi alloy fillers were deposited on SS400 low carbon steel by gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW). Optical microscope, electron microscope and X-ray diffraction were used to investigate the microstructural characteristics. Wear resistance was estimated with sand wheel wear test, and the worn surfaces were observed by scanning electron microscope.
The microstructure of Fe-based hard-facing alloy without of Ti content consisted of primary γ, eutectic [γ+(Fe,Cr)3C], eutectic [γ+(Fe,Cr)2C], and a few martensite. As the Ti content of the hard-facing alloy increased, the microstructure were composed of primary TiC carbide, γ phase, and eutectic [γ+(Fe,Cr,Ti)3C]. The amount and size of the TiC carbide in microstructure was a proportion to the Ti content in Fe-based hard-facing alloy. Nevertheless, the amount eutectic [γ+(Fe,Cr,Ti)3C] will decrease, as the Ti content increased.
According to the results of hardness test and sand wheel test, the lowest hardness (HRC54.93) and the highest wear loss (0.288g) were obtained as the hard-facing alloy has no Ti content. The highest hardness of HRC60.29 and the lowest weight loss of 0.041g were produced, as Ti addition was 4.87 wt%.
The characteristics of worn surface showed that the wear mechanisms in the microstructure of primary austenite and small size TiC carbide were ploughing, micro-void, and fracturing of carbides. Finally, in the microstructure of big size TiC carbide, the wear mechanism was discontinuous ploughing.
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Lin, Chi-Ming, and 林啟明. "The Wear Behaviors of Various Si and Mn Contents on Fe-Cr-C Hardfacing Alloys." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63168966013927527766.
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碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>材料工程學系所<br>95<br>This research discussed the wear behaviors of various Si and Mn contents on Fe-Cr-C hardfacing alloys. A series of Fe-Cr-C-xSi-yMn alloy fillers (x＝0.5~1.5wt％, y＝0.3~2.0 wt％) were designed to investigate the effect of Si and Mn on the wear behaviors of Fe-Cr-C hardfacing alloys. Gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) was used to deposit these coating alloys on the S45C carbon steel substrates. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) and metallographic examination were carried out to understand the microstructure of these coating layers. Sand wheel abrasion test and adhesive wear test of ring-on-disc were used to evaluate the wear resistance of hardfacing alloys. In addition, the worn surfaces were observed with scanning electron microscope (SEM).
The x-ray diffraction and metallurgy microstructure observation results revealed that the microstructure of coating layer consisted of massive amounts of martensite and a slight amounts of austenite. However, the content of martensite decreased with increasing of Mn contents in the coating layer. It was found form the EDS-mapping that the elements distributed uniformly without aggregation of the elements. The hardness test results showed that the hardness enhanced when the Mn contents decreased due to the amounts of martensite arose. But the hardness has no obvious variation with the addition of Si. Therefore, the highest hardness of coating layer was obtained in Fe-5.3Cr-0.6C-0.3Mn-0.5Si.
The sand wheel abrasion test results indicated that the wear resistance of specimen increased with the martensite levels and the hardness value increasing in coating layer. The weight loss of coating layer increased with the addition of Mn contents, but the weight loss had unapparent change with the addition of Si. Hence, the best wear resistance of sand wheel abrasion was obtained in Fe-5.3Cr-0.6C-0.3Mn-1.0Si. The wear mechanism of sand wheel abrasion was affected with martensite levels and the hardness value of coating layer. When the hardness value exceeded HRC60 and the martensite levels of coating layer reached over 77%, the wear mechanism was controlled by microcutting, therefore the wear resistance of specimen became better. When the hardness value was below HRC56 and the martensite levels of coating layer was below 65%, the wear mechanism was controlled by the ploughing, therefore the wear resistance of specimen became worse.
The adhesive wear test results represented that the wear rate decreased with increasing of the Mn contents because the martensite levels of coating layer decreased, but the wear rate had unapparent change with the addition of Si. For this reason, the best wear resistance of adhesive wear was obtained in Fe-5.3Cr-0.6C-1.4Mn-1.0Si. The wear mechanism of adhesive wear was affected with austenite levels of welding layer as well as the toughness of specimen surface. When the amount of austenite was 20~25%, the wear mechanism was controlled by the abrasive wear, therefore the wear resistance of specimen became worse. When the amount of austenite was 34%, the wear mechanism was controlled by the oxidative wear, therefore the wear resistance of specimen became better.
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LIU, ZHONG-WEI, and 劉中偉. "Effect of silicon content on the abrasive wear of hypereutectic Al-Si alloys." Thesis, 1991. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90733175462609779395.
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Jian, Wen-de, and 簡文德. "The Study of Eutectoid Carbide in SUJ-2 Wear Resistant Steel by Various Nitrogen Contents and Heat Treatment." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87143787953088637359.
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碩士<br>義守大學<br>材料科學與工程學系碩士班<br>95<br>The high carbon steel SUJ2 which carbon content is 1 wt% is the most used steel in ball bearing. In SUJ2 the eutectic and eutectoid carbides can easily be formed that make its manufacturing difficult. In this research the mechanical properties of this steel doped with various alloying elements and heat treated under different conditions are studied.
The high carbon steels are alloyed with Fe-Cr-N alloy and melt in high frequency atmosphere controlled furnace under nitrogen atmosphere. Hardness and wearing tests are performed. The test results present that the weight loss after wearing test decreases with increasing nitrogen content and the worn materials are oxidized under the EDS analysis. After cooling to room temperature samples were solution treated at 1250℃ for 1 hour and then spheroidizing treated at 700℃ and 800℃ for 15 hours and 30 hours. Precipitation of carbide was observed after heat treatment and the carbon equivalent of carbide is much higher than that in base metal. The test results of XRD present that the main structure is ferrite in both non-treated SUJ2 and treated SUJ2 (N: 50 ppm) and martensite in N378 (N: 378 ppm), N238 (N: 238 ppm) and N172 (N: 172 ppm). Nevertheless, all the samples after spheroidizing have a main structure of ferrite.
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Hsun, Chen Kuan, and 陳冠勳. "Effects of Nb, Ti, C Content on Wear Properties of High-Entropy Hard Facing Alloys." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23596098998321325464.
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Pan, Wei-long, and 潘韋龍. "Effect of Cu content on the thermal stability and wear behavior of Al-12.5Si-1.0Mg alloy." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31392284777863335751.
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碩士<br>國立中央大學<br>機械工程研究所<br>95<br>Effect of Cu content on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-12.5Si-1.0Mg alloys were investigated by adding two kinds of Cu contents (2.55wt.%, 4.53wt.%) into the alloys. The results indicate that microstructural constituents of low-Cu alloys consist of eutectic Al-Si, Al2Cu, Al5Cu2Mg8Si6 and Mg2Si coexist at the Al-matrix. Increasing the Cu content will reduce Mg2Si but increase Al2Cu and Al5Cu2Mg8Si6. Effect of soluting atoms and precipitation hardening increases with the increasing of Cu content, this leads to higher hardness in high-Cu alloys. But the precipitation phase change from coherence or semi-coherence to non- coherence, and the hardness of alloys will decline. The foundry high-Cu alloys after 300℃×100hr treatment contains much intermetallic compounds and shows the best thermal stability. After wear test with 10N load, each alloy shows the same wear rate. When load is 40N, the foundry high-Cu alloy after 300℃×100hr treatment shows the lowest wear rate.
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Liao, Bo-Yu, and 廖伯瑜. "The Influence of Silicon Content and Cooling Rate on Wear Behavior of Alloyed Gray Cast Iron." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32590389958733439071.
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碩士<br>義守大學<br>材料科學與工程學系<br>101<br>The alloyed gray cast iron was investigated in changing various silicon content (2.37、2.70 and 3.20wt%) and release the mold in different time (90、110 and 180 seconds) to change the cooling rate. The Ball-on-disk system was used for wear test at sliding distance 100 to 5000m. In order to comparing the wear behavior, the wear loss were measured, and using scanning electron microscope (SEM) to examined the worn surface, cross section of worn surface and worn debris.
The wear behavior of alloyed gray cast iron can be can be divided into three stages. In initial stage, abrasive wear occurred in the matrix or graphite phase, graphite is easy to be towed to the wear surface and provide self-lubricating, lead to no significant wear loss. In second stage, oxide generate and prevent direct metal-to-metal contact between the asperities of the sliding surfaces, and leads to prevent the wear loss increase. In third stage, fatigue crack generate, lead to delaminations wear appeared. The results shown that the flake graphite fraction raise from 9.2% to 11.7%, it was increase with silicon contents from 2.37wt% to 3.20wt%, flake graphite tips were easy to form the cracks by stress concentration, and leads to increase the wear loss from 1.88mg to 3.31mg. In silicon content 2.70wt%, add the mold release time from 90s to 110s, the hardness was decrease from 47.4HRC to 36.3HRC, because of the hardness decrease, the crack was easy to form, lead the wear loss increase from 2.91 to 3.49mg.
To summarize, the wear loss of alloyed gray cast iron was increase with silicon content and mold release time. Alloyed gray cast iron with 2.25wt%Si had better wear resistance at 90 seconds release mold.
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Chen, Ming-Jen, and 陳明仁. "Investigations on the Content Increment Method of Dispersive Particles and Wear Characteristics for Composite Electrodepostion Layers." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03437705078590471127.
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碩士<br>國立中山大學<br>機械與機電工程學系研究所<br>93<br>Generally speaking , high volumetric content of particles and well-dispersed condition in the metallic matrix are the purposes in composite electrodeposition for different applications. The composite electrodeposition layer by EPD has high volumetric content of particles but low structure strength. The composite electrodeposition layer by ELD has tight structure but low volumetric content of particles . In this study combines EPD and ELD to produce the composite electrodeposition layer in ELD-EPD-ELD three steps. We hope to combine their advantages .In this study ,we first look for the best operating condition of EPD, then increase the volumetric content of particles with ELD-EPD-ELD(ELEPIS). Finally, it was examined by scratch test to prove the structure strength.
By the result of experiment, it can be known that at the voltage 10V,the concentration 100g/L,stirring speed 50rpm is the best operating condition. In the process of ELEPIS, we find that Ni ions permeate into the second layer. In this method, we can produce the electrodeposition layer which of the volumetric content of particles is 4 times the traditional electrodeposition layer. We also propose the possibility of multi-storey ELEPIS composite electrodeposition layer.
Finally, by the result of scratch test , it can be known that there are the least cracks in the scratch which of the electrodeposition layer by ELEPIS. Its depth is shallowest and its width is narrowest. It shows that the sample by ELEPIS has excellent performance in structure strength and binding with substrate.
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Wu, Chih-Ting, and 吳志庭. "Effects of Cu, Mg contents and heat treatment on tensile, thermal stability and wear properties of Al-14.5Si-Cu-Mg alloys." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/75510339948320672682.
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博士<br>國立中央大學<br>機械工程研究所<br>99<br>Three Al-14.5Si-Cu-Mg alloys with different copper and magnesium contents were prepared to investigate the effects of copper, magnesium contents and heat treatment on tensile, thermal stability and wear properties of Al-14.5Si-Cu-Mg alloys. The results indicated that the low copper to magnesium ratio alloy contained Al8Mg3FeSi6 and high copper to magnesium ratio alloy contained the acicular β-Al5FeSi. The tensile strength and elongation of the low copper to magnesium ratio alloy is superior to those of the high copper to magnesium ratio alloy. The presence of the acicular β-Al5FeSi and shrinkage porosity caused by acicular β-Al5FeSi in the high copper to magnesium ratio alloy were responsible for the reduction in tensile strength and elongation.
Due to its large amount of the hard Al2Cu and Al5Cu2Mg8Si6, the alloy with high copper and high magnesium contents had the highest hardness in as-cast condition. After T6 heat treatment, the hardness of the alloy which contained high copper and low magnesium contents was superior to that of the alloy which contained high copper and low magnesium contents. Adding more magnesium could increase the precipitation of λ’(Al5Cu2Mg8Si6) but it also lowered that of θ’(Al2Cu), decreasing the total precipitation of λ’ and θ’. The λ’ and θ’ strengthening precipitates converted to stable λ and θ phases led to a severe decrease in hardness following isothermal heat treatment at 300℃ for 100h. The thermal stability of the T6 heat-treated alloys was much worse than that of the as-cast alloys. In addition, increasing copper content could enhance the hardness of as-cast and T6 heat treated alloys after isothermal heat treatment. This result could not be obtained by increasing magnesium content.
The specimens were isothermally heat-treated prior to wear test. The type of wear was abrasive wear under 10N applied load and adhesive wear was observed under 40N applied load. The wear rate markedly increased with increasing applied load. The T6 heat-treated alloy with low copper and low magnesium contents had highest wear rate; the as-cast alloy with high copper and high magnesium contents had the lowest wear rate. The wear rate decreased with the increase in the hardness. Increasing copper content could lower wear rate. The wear resistance of the as-cast alloys was better than that of the T6 heat-treated alloys.
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Lin, Yueh-Hsun, and 林岳勳. "Effects of element content ratios and manufacturing processes on microstructure and wear resistance of high strength complex brass." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/u4ky87.
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博士<br>國立中山大學<br>材料與光電科學學系研究所<br>107<br>Brass is the most widely used copper alloy with various zinc contents. With the development of machine manufactures, even aerospace and automobile industries, the properties of conventional materials are unable to meet the requirement of modern industries. Therefore, new materials with low cost plus high performance are bound to replace conventional materials. In the past, researches of wear resistance revealed that alloys with high strength and hardness were usually related to high wear resistance. However, one group of scholars proposes a different theory illustrating that some portion of softer matrix in the alloys could effectively improve the wear resistance. In addition, by adding a small amount of alloying elements, the appearance of precipitates with high hardness plays an important role in improving the mechanical properties as well as wear resistance. In this study, we try to obtain higher strength and wear resistance through alloying design to control not only the proportion of and phase but also the morphology of Mn5Si3 precipitates in our copper alloys. Furthermore, the forging process is also adopted in order to control the growth direction of Mn5Si3.
First, the microstructures of two groups of copper alloys, Cu-16Zn-3Al-4Mn-1Si (alloy A) and Cu-32Zn-2Al-5Mn-2Si (alloy B), with different annealing processes are examined. Then, six kinds of samples with different microstructures are chosen to conduct further experiments, including the tests of mechanical properties and wear resistance. The impact of different matrix as well as the morphology and growth direction of Mn5Si3 on mechanical properties and wear resistance are well discussed in this study. In alloys A, the hardness raises because of the nano-scaled Mn5Si3 precipitates, improving the wear resistance as well. On the other hand, although phase improve the hardness through precipitation hardening, it slightly lower the wear resistance in alloy B. It is due to the softer phase becomes the breakthrough during the wear tests. As for single matrix with lower hardness, it wears out equally during the tests, causing a better wear behavior. Moreover, with increasing zinc content, the solubility of Mn and Si decreases, leading to the formation of primary Mn5Si3. Therefore, in alloy A, the nano-scaled Mn5Si3 precipitates are observed after aging. On the other hand, primary Mn5Si3 in polygonal shape are formed during solidification. With the help of two stage forging, primary Mn5Si3 are forced to grow parallel to each other along [0001]. From our results, with the same matrix structure and consistent hardness, the better wear resistance is observed in the sample with perpendicular primary Mn5Si3. It is because the length of primary Mn5Si3 is larger than the depth of stress field during the wear tests. Thus, it can effectively sustain the load as well as resist the deformation of matrix under shear stress, resulting in a better performance on wear resistance. In general, the wear behavior is affected by not only the hardness but also the microstructure.
Keywords: brass, wear resistance, Mn5Si3, Mn/Si ratio, wear rate
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Chen, Yu-Chi, and 陳昱淇. "The Study of Carbon and Silicon Content on Wear Behavior of Austempered Unalloyed Fe-C-Si Iron and Steel." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18787771348608513472.
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碩士<br>義守大學<br>材料科學與工程學系碩士班<br>94<br>The austempered unalloyed Fe-C-Si iron and steel was investigated in changing various carbon and silicon content (ideal value are 1.00±0.03and 2.00±0.1wt%C with 1.00±0.29、2.00±0.11 and 3.00±0.30wt%Si) and different austempering temperature (250℃ and 370℃) for heat treament. The Ball-on-Disk system was used for wear test. And the measuring of wear loss and microstructure will be discussed for comparing the wear behavior. The results showed that the area fraction of graphite and number of graphite nodules increased with increasing of silicon content under constant carbon content, but the size of graphite nodules keep similar. And constant silicon content, as the carbon content increasing, the area fraction of graphite, number of graphite nodules and its size increasing. The microstructure of austemped unalloyed Fe-C-Si iron and steel was characterized by optical metallography and Image-Pro Plus to showed that acicular lower baintine and few retained austenite in lower austempering temperature, and the feather upper baintine with much retained austenite obtained in upper austempering temperature. The oxidation wear was the mainly phenomenon of wear behavior of austempered unalloyed Fe-C-Si iron and steel, and abrasive and fatigue wear also appeared. The interface of graphite nodules and substrate around the graphite was be the stress concentrate during the wear test, and made that crack and come off easily to reduced the wear resistance. The exposed graphite would be destroyed and cracked during the wear test to removal and unlubricated on the surface of material. However, the oxidation layer provide the protection and lubrication contribute to the wear surface. But it would be workless if the oxidation layer crack to come off. The result also showed that the materials of austempered unalloyed Fe-C-Si iron and steel with 0.98wt%C and 1.29wt%Si had better wear resistance at 250℃ austempering temperature, and the better wear resistance of 370℃ austempering temperature to austempered unalloyed Fe-C-Si iron and steel was the composition of 0.98wt%C and 1.29wt%Si. And compare the wear resistance ability of lower and upper austempering temperature austempered unalloyed Fe-C-Si iron and steel. Showing the materials after 370℃ temperature heat treatment had better wear resistance and lower wear loss could be attributed to the upper bainite and much retained austenite to make plastic deformation easily at sub-matrix to disperse the direction and normal friction force, and lower the wear loss.
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Hu, Yu-Guang, and 胡宇光. "Effects of intermediate plasma treatment and hydrogen content on mechanical properties and wear behavior of diamond-like carbon films." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05492540058830829453.
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碩士<br>大同大學<br>材料工程學系(所)<br>98<br>Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films were deposited on silicon substrate using a methane/hydrogen gas mixture by RF plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RF-PECVD). The effects of deposition time, intermediate plasma treatment time, plasma post-treatment time and chamber cooling were investigated. The film thickness, surface curvature and microstructure of DLC films were characterized by Alpha-Step profilometer, Fizeau interferometer and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. The surface hardness, Young’s Modulus and roughness were analyzed by nano-indentation and atomic force microscopy (AFM). In addition, the wear behavior of DLC films deposited at different CH4/H2 ratios was studied by using different wear loads and time. The experimental results indicate that larger internal stress was measured in the beginning of deposition and then the internal stress decreased and remained relatively constant. The Raman results indicate that sp2 proportion in DLC films increased when the deposition time increased, indicating the graphite-like tendency in DLC films. Under the same plasma treatment conditions, significant decrease of internal stress was found for plasma post-treatment, while no significant effect of intermediate plasma treatment on the internal stress could be measured. For the results of chamber cooling, increase of deposition rate and decrease of internal stress were measured. Under fixed deposition time, as the proportion of H2 increased, the surface roughness and sp2 content increased, while the deposition rate decreased. Internal stress increased with increasing hydrogen content upto H2/CH4=10/10 and then decreased. For the hardness, the maximum value occurred at H2/CH4=0/20.
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Terblanche, Sarel Stefanus. "Die lewe en werk van Evert Philippus Groenewald in kerkhistoriese perspektief." 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/16178.
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Summaries in English And Afrikaans<br>Text in Afrikaans<br>The biography focused on the life and work of Evert Philippus Groenewald in church historical perspective within the context of the twentieth century. It endeavoured to make a contribution to a period in the history of the Dutch Reformed Church (DRC) against the background of strife in matters related to the church, politics and other
areas.
Groenewald taught New Testament subjects as professor at the Faculty of Theology (Section 8 - DRC) at the University of Pretoria for 33 years. As one of the first four professors of the new Faculty
of Theology he helped to lay a sound foundation. He served as dean of the Faculty for 21 years (1948 - 1969). As administrator and lecturer he played an important role in the establishment, recognition and development of the Faculty. He was a born exegete, the Nestor of New Testament science in SA. He is regarded as a great theologian and the doyen of New Testament research and exegesis in SA.
As writer of Afrikaans theological literature Groenewald undeniably fulfilled the role of a pioneer. This was recognised by the award of the Stals-prize for Theology to him, the first time in history. Apart from this he received four honourary doctorates and various other important
awards. He made an important contribution to Bible translation and translatory science.
As church and cultural leader he strove to find solutions for the problems of his church and people. He made a significant contribution in the ecumenical field.
Apartheid was given its biblical foundation by Groenewald during the forties. His intention was to stimulate thought in the search for a solution to the serious racial problem.
Further facets of Groenewald's work await research in order to paint a
representative theological portrait of him.<br>Die studie fokus op die lewe en werk van Evert Philippus Groenewald in kerkhistoriese perspektief binne die konteks van die twintigste eeu. Die klem het op die periode tussen die dertiger- en tagtigerjare geval. Daar is gepoog om 'n bydrae te lewer tot 'n tydperk in die geskiedenis van die NGK teen die agtergrond van die stryd wat op vele gebiede gevoer is. Die invloed van vroom ouers, 'n aantal ingrypende gebeurtenisse in sy lewe en die eise van die tyd het hom ge·inspireer. Hy was kind en teoloog van sy tyd, egter ook van sy kerk. Wat hy verwoord het was deel van die NGK se Calvinistiese en gereformeerde historiese erfenis en die NGK se beleid. Hy het sy eie teologiese stempel egter ongetwyfeld daarop afgedruk.
Hy onderrig vir 33 jaar (1938 tot 1970) Nuwe Testamentiese vakke as professor aan die Teofogiese Fakulteit (Afd 8) van UP. As een van die eerste vier professore help hy om 'n stewige grondslag te le. Hy was vir 21 jaar (1948-1969) dekaan van die Fakulteit. In 1970 het hy geemeriteer. Hy het nie die akademie as sy enigste roeping
beskou nie. Hy het sy kerk, volk en die gemeenskap gedien. Na sy aftrede lewer hy sy belangrikste bydraes tot Bybelvertaling, die NAV (gepubliseer in 1983), en die vertaalwetenskap. Hy het wat sy lewenstaak betref sy belangrikste bydrae as dosent gelewer.
As administrateur het hy die Fakulteit help vestig en uitbou. Hy was 'n gebore eksegeet, die Nestor van die Nuwe Testamentiese wetenskap in SA. Hy word beskou as 'n belangrike teoloog, die doyen van die Nuwe Testamentiese navorsing en eksegese in SA. Die tradisie van die N T eksegese wat hy in die beoefening van die teologie gevestig het, kan as sy heel belangrikste bydrae beskou word. Hy word
ook as volksteoloog getipeer. As skrywer het Groenewald 'n pioniersrol vervul vanwee sy groot bydrae tot die ontluikende Afrikaanse teologiese literatuur. Hy het die prestasie behaal dat die Stals-prys vir Teologie, die eerste keer in die geskiedenis, aan horn toegeken is. Hy is met vier eredoktorsgrade en verskeie ander
belangrike toekennings vereer.
As kerk- en kultuurleier het Groenewald se bekwaamhede sterk na vore gekom. Hy het die behoeftes van sy kerk en volk raakgesien en horn beywer om oplossings vir die ingewikkelde vraagstukke te vind. Die NGK, UP, vele instansies en die Staat het gebruik gemaak van sy talente. Apartheid is in die veertigerjare deur hom Bybels fundeer. Sy bedoeling was om teologiese denke te stimuleer in die soeke na 'n
oplossing vir die ernstige rassevraagstuk. Hy het apartheid as teologies-praktiese oplossing aangebied. Hy het na 'n eerlike oplossing binne die destydse konteks gesoek wat regverdig teenoor die nieblanke sou wees en van die blanke groot offers sou vra. Die wyse waarop apartheid algaande toegepas is, het meegebring dat daar afgewyk is van wat Groenewald in 1947 beoog het. Dit het in 'n ideologiese monster ontaard wat groot pyn en lyding veroorsaak het.
Groenewald was een van 'n klein aantal kerkfigure wat met hul dade in die twintigste eeu van stryd en worsteling die Suid-Afrikaanse kerkgeskiedenis verryk het. Sy bydrae is deur hierdie proefskrif slegs ten dele ontgin en verdere fasette van sy werk wag om nagevors te word ten einde uiteindelik 'n omvattende teologiese portret van
hom te skilder.<br>Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology<br>Th. D. (Church History)
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Nasehpour, Peyman. "Content Algebras and Zero-Divisors." Doctoral thesis, 2011. https://repositorium.ub.uni-osnabrueck.de/handle/urn:nbn:de:gbv:700-201102107989.
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This thesis concerns two topics. The first topic, that is related to the Dedekind-Mertens Lemma, the notion of the so-called content algebra, is discussed in chapter 2. Let $R$ be a commutative ring with identity and $M$ be a unitary $R$-module and $c$ the function from $M$ to the ideals of $R$ defined by $c(x) = \cap \lbrace I \colon I \text{~is an ideal of~} R \text{~and~} x \in IM \rbrace $. $M$ is said to be a \textit{content} $R$-module if $x \in c(x)M $, for all $x \in M$. The $R$-algebra $B$ is called a \textit{content} $R$-algebra, if it is a faithfully flat and content $R$-module and it satisfies the Dedekind-Mertens content formula. In chapter 2, it is proved that in content extensions, minimal primes extend to minimal primes, and zero-divisors of a content algebra over a ring which has Property (A) or whose set of zero-divisors is a finite union of prime ideals are discussed. The preservation of diameter of zero-divisor graph under content extensions is also examined. Gaussian and Armendariz algebras and localization of content algebras at the multiplicatively closed set $S^ \prime = \lbrace f \in B \colon c(f) = R \rbrace$ are considered as well.
In chapter 3, the second topic of the thesis, that is about the grade of the zero-divisor modules, is discussed. Let $R$ be a commutative ring, $I$ a finitely generated ideal of $R$, and $M$ a zero-divisor $R$-module. It is shown that the $M$-grade of $I$ defined by the Koszul complex is consistent with the definition of $M$-grade of $I$ defined by the length of maximal $M$-sequences in I$.
Chapter 1 is a preliminarily chapter and dedicated to the introduction of content modules and also locally Nakayama modules.
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"Muscle Growth and Strength Development Following a 12-Week Resistance Training Program: a Comparison Between Consuming Soy and Whey Protein Supplements Matched for Leucine Content." Doctoral diss., 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.45491.
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abstract: Sustainability, as it relates to nutrition, affects all aspects of food from systems-level production to consumption. Viability of local food systems in the southwest of the United States has been largely understudied. In order to address this gap in the literature, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 farmers in Arizona and New Mexico to determine best practices, challenges and barriers to farming. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded for themes. Many trends were consistent with those reported elsewhere in the US, but the importance of water emerged, a unique need not explicitly noted in other regional studies.
Vegetarian diets are typically more sustainable than omnivorous ones due to using less environmental resources in the production of food. An important consideration with plant protein and vegetarian diets, however, is whether this would affect athletic performance. To examine this, 70 male and female endurance athletes were compared for maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max), peak torque when doing leg extensions, and body composition. Vegetarians had higher VO2 max, but peak torque was not significantly different by diet. Omnivores had higher total body mass, lean body mass, and there was a trend for peak torque to be higher.
To investigate whether plant-protein can comparably support development of lean body mass and strength development in conjunction with strength training, 61 healthy young males and females began a 12-week training and protein supplementation study. While previous training studies have shown no differences for lean body mass or strength development when consuming either soy (plant) or whey (animal) protein supplements in very large amounts (>48 grams), when consuming around 15-20 grams, whey has contributed to greater lean body mass accrual, although strength increases remain similar. The present study matched supplements by leucine content instead of by total protein amount since leucine has been shown to be a key stimulator of muscle protein synthesis and is more concentrated in animal protein. There were no significant differences between the whey or soy group for lean body mass or strength development, as assessed using isokinetic dynamometry doing leg extensions and flexions.<br>Dissertation/Thesis<br>Doctoral Dissertation Physical Activity, Nutrition and Wellness 2017
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De, Klerk Marissa. "Work-family enrichment : development, validation and application of a new instrument within the South African context / Marissa de Klerk." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/11537.
Full textAbstract:
Over the past few decades it has become evident that the work/family interface is a much broader concept that does not only stress the negative side of the relationship, but also include a positive side. This refers to the process by which participation in one role (e.g. work role) is made better or easier by virtue of participation in the other role (e.g. family role). South Africa is a multicultural society, which consists of four groups (i.e. Black, White, Coloured and Indian), speaking eleven official languages. All of these groups are faced with unique and different circumstances. Apart from cultural, ethnic and linguistic differences, other divergent elements may exist (i.e. values and norms). Therefore South African employees may experience the positive side of the work/family interface differently from employees within other countries. To add to the problem, it is not clear how South African employees‟ experiences of enrichment between work and family domains compare to the experiences of employees in other countries. Furthermore, to date no measuring instrument to assess the enrichment between work and family domains in both directions (work-to-family and family-to-work) exists, that is unique to the South African context. This could pose potential problems for organisations and for future studies on the positive side of work/family in South Africa.
The objectives of this research were 1) to determine how the positive side of the work/family interface, particularly work-family enrichment, is conceptualised according to the literature; 2) to develop a new work-family enrichment instrument that is suitable for the South African context and that addresses conceptual and measurement issues relating to previous positive measurements of the work/family interface; 3) to investigate the psychometric properties of the newly developed work-family enrichment instrument; and 4) to assess antecedents and outcomes of work-family enrichment among employees within the South African context. The study consisted of four phases. During the first phase, following an extensive review of literature covering the positive side of the work/family interface, a theoretical framework was proposed for the study. Thereafter, a new instrument that measures work-family enrichment was developed based on the proposed theoretical framework. The instrument was tested via Rasch modelling with a pre-limenary study (N = 527), in order to overcome some of the measurement limitations from the previous positive work-family instruments. This test was followed by investigating the psychometric properties (i.e. construct validity, discriminant validity, convergent validity and external validity; N = 627) of the newly developed MACE Work-Family Enrichment Instrument. During the final phase, antecedents, work-family enrichment and outcomes were assessed in the South African context. In both phases 3 and 4, the following instruments (accompanied by the new instrument) were utilised, namely the Work Resources Scale, Home Resources Scale, Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, Family Engagement Scale, Job Satisfaction Scale, Career Satisfaction Scale, Life Satisfaction Scale, Family Satisfaction Scale and the Work-family Enrichment Scale.
During the first phase, the literature revealed that the positive side of the work-family interface is presented by various concepts (i.e. work-family enhancement, work-family facilitation, work-family positive spillover and work-family enrichment). The review also revealed that, to date, the work-family enrichment concept has been the only concept in literature on the positive work/family interface that is grounded in a properly developed conceptualised theoretical model. The fundamental thinking behind the work-family enrichment model is that work and family each provides individuals with resources (i.e. skills and perspectives, psychological and physical, social-capital, flexibility, material) in the one domain, that may help the individual improve the quality of his/her performance in the other domain. These resources thus enable improved performance in the other role either directly (i.e. instrumental path) or indirectly (i.e. affective path).
During the second phase a new work-family enrichment instrument was developed, namely the MACE Work-Family Enrichment Instrument. This instrument was based on the proposed work-family enrichment theoretical model for both directions (i.e. work-to-family and family-to-work). Initially 133 items were developed that the researcher obtained from the existing literature, and 161 items were self-developed. During the evaluation study, various problematic items were eliminated by using the Rasch measurement model. The third phase included the validation study in which the psychometric properties of the new MACE instrument was investigated. The results provided evidence for construct validity, discriminant validity and convergent validity, and showed significant relations with external variables. Adequate internal consistency was also found for the proposed scales. The final number of items retained after this phase in the development and pilot study of the MACE Work-Family Enrichment Instrument were 34.
During the final phase, various relationships were pointed out between antecedents (i.e. various work resources and home resources), work-family enrichment dimensions, as well as dimensions and outcomes of this type of enrichment. These included work-engagement dimensions, family engagement dimensions, as well as satisfaction-dimensions for work, career, life and the family environment. The results of these relationships were found to be in accordance with other literature on the positive side of the work/family interface.
The present study provided evidence for the psychometric properties of the new MACE instrument, which researchers and managers can use to investigate the specific enrichment between work and family domains of employees in a South African context. The results give researchers and managers insight into the specific antecedents (e.g. work resources) and outcomes (e.g. job satisfaction) that play a role in work-family enrichment. This insight can be used as basis on which interventions can be developed to deal with these issues currently. Recommendations were also made for future research.<br>PhD (Industrial Psychology), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014