Relevant bibliographies by topics / Weaning practices

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Weaning practices'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Weaning practices"

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Henry, Séverine, Hrefna Sigurjónsdóttir, Aziliz Klapper, Julie Joubert, Gabrielle Montier, and Martine Hausberger. "Domestic Foal Weaning: Need for Re-Thinking Breeding Practices?" Animals 10, no. 2 (February 23, 2020): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10020361.

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Artificial weaning is a standard practice known to be one of the most stressful events in a domestic foal’s life. Research has mainly focused on ways to alleviate weaning stress. However, there is still a need for more detailed research on what should constitute best practices with respect to animal welfare. The aim of this review is to address this issue by examining the natural weaning process. We first provide an overview of the scientific literature on the natural temporal dynamics of the dam-offspring bond in horses: it is to be noted that the natural process of weaning is little documented, individual variations have been poorly investigated and immediate effects of weaning on the mare–foal relationship remain unexplored. To partly address these gaps, we performed a study around the weaning period on 16 mare–foal pairs kept with minimal human interference. Most foals were weaned spontaneously when 9-10 months old, with individual variations mainly due to the conception rate of mares. Natural weaning induced no stress response in either partner and was performed without clear signs of rejection by the dams either just before or after. We lastly open up the discussion on the need for rethinking weaning practices under domestic conditions.
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Ambadan, Gadhavi Rajshri, Serene Shekhar, and Shraddha Kapadiya. "Weaning practices: Rural and Urban differences." ASIAN JOURNAL OF HOME SCIENCE 13, no. 1 (June 15, 2018): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ajhs/13.1/28-36.

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dos Santos Bacci, Suzi Laine Longo, Cíntia Johnston, Wallisen Tadashi Hattori, Janser Moura Pereira, and Vivian Mara Gonçalves de Oliveira Azevedo. "Pediatric weaning practices—Brazilian national survey." Journal of Critical Care 42 (December 2017): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrc.2017.09.055.

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Akpor, Oluwaseyi, Tunrayo Oluwadare, Omotola Taiwo, Bukola Aladenika, and Oghenerobor Akpor. "Feeding and weaning practices among mothers of under-five children in selected primary health care centres in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti, Nigeria." Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences 14 (January 28, 2020): 42–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5219/1211.

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An appropriate diet is necessary in the growth and health status of children especially in the first two years of life. This study determined the feeding and weaning practices among mothers of children below the age of five years in two selected Primary Healthcare Centres in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. The study design was descriptive and cross sectional using an interviewer-administered questionnaire, 200 mothers who were purposely selected participated in the study. Statistical Package for Social Sciences was used for data analysis. Findings from the study revealed that the main practice of feeding of infants was breastfeeding, the majority of the mothers started to wean their children at about 6 – 7 months. Also, the major type of weaning practiced by mothers was abrupt weaning, majority of the mothers had good knowledge of feeding and weaning including how beneficial exclusive breastfeeding is, though it is just a few of them that practice exclusive breastfeeding. Therefore, complementary feeding education that will involve the use of various media most especially the primary health facilities is paramount for optimal health of infants. Also teaching should focus on the type of weaning and mothers should be educated on the consequences of abruptly weaning a child.
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D’Andrea, Elisa, Kielyn Jenkins, Maria Mathews, and Barbara Roebothan. "Baby-led Weaning: A Preliminary Investigation." Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 77, no. 2 (June 2016): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3148/cjdpr-2015-045.

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Purpose: To date, baby-led weaning (BLW) has not been examined in a Canadian population. This research investigated common BLW practices and compared associated knowledge and perceptions of practicing mothers and health care professionals (HCPs). Methods: Sixty-five mothers practicing BLW and 33 HCPs were surveyed using 2 online questionnaires. Mothers were recruited through the Newfoundland and Labrador BLW Facebook page and HCPs via email at 2 regional health authorities. Results: Mothers described BLW in terms of food shape and consistency (whole, solid); however, in practice, some mothers offered puréed foods such as infant cereals. More HCPs than mothers indicated choking, inadequate energy, and iron intake as concerns. Mothers relied on the Facebook page over HCPs for BLW information and support. Although all practicing mothers would recommend BLW to others, less than half (48.5%) of HCPs would support it in their practice. Conclusions: Mothers following BLW vary greatly in their experiences and adherence to BLW. They view the practice and its disadvantages very differently than HCPs. Although most HCPs were aware of BLW, few were familiar with specific practices. HCPs may benefit from a greater understanding of BLW to provide guidance to the growing number of mothers following this practice.
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Faruq, Mohammad Omar, ASM Areef Ahsan, Kaniz Fatema, Fatema Ahmed, Amina Sultana, Uzzwal Kumar Mallick, Mohammad Asaduzzaman, et al. "A Survey of Mechanical Ventilation Weaning Practices in ICUs of Bangladesh." Bangladesh Critical Care Journal 9, no. 1 (April 18, 2021): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bccj.v9i1.53049.

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Objective : To determine mechanical ventilation discontinuation (weaning) practices in Bangladesh as there is currently no data available on this issue. Method : Analyzing the Survey on Bangladeshi respondents using questionnaire developed by and used by a pan Asian study where Bangladesh critical care physicians participated. Result : 40 physicians from 10 ICUs of Bangladesh participated. Majority of our participating doctors (62.5%) came from private for profit hospital. 19 out of 40 respondents were certified in critical care medicine. In our study spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) was liberally used with pressure support being used by 30% respondents. Most of the extubation trial took place during day. As criteria for extubation, respondents mainly considered consciousness and cooperation and along with gag reflex, cough strength, suction frequency and cuff leak at different times. Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) was commonly used for early extubation in cases of COPD, cardiogenic pulmonary edema, neuromuscular disorders, post-operative cases and obesity. Slightly less than half of respondents did not follow any sedation protocol and 42.5% followed weaning protocol. Protocolized weaning by nurses are not known to be practiced in Bangladesh. Conclusion : Weaning practices are diverse in Bangladeshi ICUs. Protoclized weaning is rarely practiced in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2021; 9(1): 4-11
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Mohamad, Hajar, Miranda Mirosa, Phil Bremer, and Indrawati Oey. "Parental attitudes toward weaning practices and weaning foods for health in Malaysia." British Food Journal 120, no. 10 (October 1, 2018): 2466–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-01-2018-0031.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to gain insight on parental attitudes towards weaning practices and weaning foods for health in Malaysia using Q-methodology. Design/methodology/approach The study population was parents that had a child aged three years or less. A total of 47 parents were recruited to partake in a one-on-one activity which involved sorting 69 statements about weaning practices and weaning food products into a grid that was normally distributed ranging from “strongly disagree” to “strongly agree”. Sorting was immediately followed by a short interview to understand the reasons behind the placement of particular statements. Findings Data analysis identified three statistically distinct participant attitudes towards weaning practices and foods for health that were then interpreted using the rich qualitative data from the post-sort interviews. The attitudes identified were “All Homemade and Natural”, “Commercial Convenience and Trust” and “Balance and Variety”. Originality/value This study identified the dominant sets of attitudes held by Malaysian parents towards weaning practices and weaning foods for health using Q-methodology. To authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper focussing on weaning foods for health, specifically on functional weaning food. This new understanding of shared attitudes will allow product developers, marketers and health communicators to more effectively design their products and their marketing mix to ensure that these messages resonate well with the target audience who want to provide the best weaning foods possible for their children.
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Ambike, Deepali, Vijay Bhavari, Faisal Poker, and Kaenat Ahmed. "A study on the awareness of the weaning practices and the determinants affecting them in a rural hospital based pediatric outpatient clinic of Maval Taluka, Maharashtra." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 4, no. 1 (December 21, 2016): 206. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20164605.

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Background: Malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies is a very common cause of late weaning and improper weaning practices. There are many factors affecting the weaning practices in developing countries like India which may act as hindrance to the proper weaning methods. The objective of this study was to know the awareness about weaning or complementary feeding practices in the mothers of children attending the pediatric OPD. And to study the various determinants affecting the weaning or Complementary feeding practices in this rural population.Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study conducted in pediatric immunization outpatient clinic of M.I.M.E.R medical college, Talegaon (D) during the period from May to September 2016.About 300 parents were interviewed with a semi open questionnaire.Results: Out of total 304 respondents, total unawareness regarding weaning was the reason for not starting complimentary feeding at 6-months in 64 respondents (21.1%). Majority of the respondents (210, 69.1%) revealed that they prefer home based complimentary feeding. A total of 125 respondents (41.1%) admitted that they stopped the feeding in the event of illness.Conclusions: Incorrect weaning practices, withholding breastfeeding and improper feeding during illnesses are the major deterrents which can hamper proper weaning techniques and are major contributory factors in increasing Malnutrition.
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Tarrant, Roslyn C., Katherine M. Younger, Margaret Sheridan-Pereira, Martin J. White, and John M. Kearney. "Factors associated with weaning practices in term infants: a prospective observational study in Ireland." British Journal of Nutrition 104, no. 10 (July 5, 2010): 1544–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114510002412.

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The WHO (2001) recommends exclusive breast-feeding and delaying the introduction of solid foods to an infant's diet until 6 months postpartum. However, in many countries, this recommendation is followed by few mothers, and earlier weaning onto solids is a commonly reported global practice. Therefore, this prospective, observational study aimed to assess compliance with the WHO recommendation and examine weaning practices, including the timing of weaning of infants, and to investigate the factors that predict weaning at ≤ 12 weeks. From an initial sample of 539 pregnant women recruited from the Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, 401 eligible mothers were followed up at 6 weeks and 6 months postpartum. Quantitative data were obtained on mothers’ weaning practices using semi-structured questionnaires and a short dietary history of the infant's usual diet at 6 months. Only one mother (0·2 %) complied with the WHO recommendation to exclusively breastfeed up to 6 months. Ninety-one (22·6 %) infants were prematurely weaned onto solids at ≤ 12 weeks with predictive factors after adjustment, including mothers’ antenatal reporting that infants should be weaned onto solids at ≤ 12 weeks, formula feeding at 12 weeks and mothers’ reporting of the maternal grandmother as the principal source of advice on infant feeding. Mothers who weaned their infants at ≤ 12 weeks were more likely to engage in other sub-optimal weaning practices, including the addition of non-recommended condiments to their infants’ foods. Provision of professional advice and exploring antenatal maternal misperceptions are potential areas for targeted interventions to improve compliance with the recommended weaning practices.
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Khan, M. E. "Breast-feeding and weaning practices in India." Asia-Pacific Population Journal 5, no. 1 (January 26, 1990): 71–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/76fe5e12-en.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Weaning practices"

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Radwan, Hadia. "Influences and determinants of breastfeeding and weaning practices of Emirati mothers." Thesis, Teesside University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10149/315376.

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This study explored the factors which affect the feeding and weaning practices of Emirati mothers as well as the experiences and perceptions which influence their breastfeeding decisions. It used both quantitative and qualitative methods to examine Emirati mothers’ understanding of infant feeding and to identify the factors which appeared to have a relevant effect and locate them in their cultural context. n the survey, a convenientce sample of 593 mothers with infants aged up to 2 years was interviewed face to face in the maternal and child healthcare centers in Al Ain, Dubai and Abu Dhabi. The interview was based on a pretested structured questionnaire. The results of multiple logistic analysis showed that the time of initiation of the first breastfeed was significantly associated with the infant’s birth weight (OR=2.007; P<0.023), parity (OR=2.139; P<0.001) and rooming in (OR=21.70; P<0.001). As for the feeding patterns, the results of the multiple logistic analysis revealed that rooming in (OR=4.485; P<0.001), feeding on demand (OR=2.290; P<0.005) and feeding more frequently at night (P<0.001) emerged as significant factors associated with exclusive or almost exclusive breastfeeding practices. The duration of breastfeeding rate was significantly influenced by many variables. Concerning the duration of lactational amenorrhea, the, the multiple logistic analysis showed that mother's age, breastfeeding duration and the early introduction of formula milk and solid food emerged as significant variables. Among the 593 infants in the study, 24.1% were predominantly breastfed,25% of the infants were exclusively breastfed, and 49.4% were almost exclusively breastfed since birth. Fifteen Emirati mothers from each city were interviewed about their breastfeeding practices, beliefs and perceptions. The following themes emerged: the influence of others, the sources of information, infants’ behavior, knowledge of and attitudes towards current WHO recommendations and mothers’ perception of the benefits of breastfeeding. Health promotions and healthcare facilities failed to deliver the message of the importance of exclusive breastfeeding. Grandmothers and mothers-in-law appeared to influence the mother's breastfeeding practices. In conclusion, there is a need for a national community-based breastfeeding intervention programme for the promoting exclusive breastfeeding practices as part of a primary public health strategy.
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McNally, Janet, S. Hugh-Jones, and M. M. Hetherington. ""An invisible map" - maternal perceptions of hunger, satiation and 'enough' in the context of baby led and traditional complementary feeding practices." Elsevier, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17619.

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Yes
Mothers' responsiveness to hunger and fullness cues has been implicated in the development of infant over-weight, and baby led weaning (BLW) is argued to be one way to protect against overfeeding. Whilst studies have examined maternal perceptions of hunger, fullness and adequate intake to some degree in traditional weaning (TW) contexts, less is known about this in BLW. This study therefore aimed to understand and compare maternal perceptions of cues and intake in BLW and TW. Eleven mothers of infants (7–24m) participated in semi-structured interviews based on discussions of short videos featuring participants feeding their infants. Interviews were read and transcribed in full. Data were selected for coding which addressed mothers' perceptions of infant hunger, fullness and sufficient consumption and subsequently subjected to template analysis. A sample of data was coded to produce an initial template which was applied to all interviews and revised in an iterative process to produce a final template for interpreting findings. Mothers in the study were adept at recognising fullness cues and gauging feeding state. Both groups perceived similar hunger cues although TW mothers reported a wider range of fullness cues. Both groups used numerous strategies for judging the adequacy of their babies’ intake. These included the use of infant cues, however perceived adequacy of intake was also influenced by factors such as infant tiredness and maternal worries about over and under-eating. Findings have implications for the development of responsive feeding interventions while also highlighting the utility of video elicited interviews for understanding feeding interactions.
This work was supported by a White Rose Doctoral Training Partnership Economic and Social Research Council PhD studentship (UK) to Janet McNally.
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Manjang, Buba. "Investigating effectiveness of behavioural change intervention in improving mothers weaning food handling practices : design of a cluster randomized controlled trial in rural Gambia." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7471/.

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Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of a theory-based and culturally adapted community level behaviour change intervention to improve weaning-food preparation and handling in rural Gambia. Methods: (1) A systematic review of the literature on weaning-food hygiene interventions. (2) Mixed method formative research to identify critical control points (CCP) and motivational factors for mothers‟ behaviour on weaning-food, (3) Formulation of the weaning-food hygiene intervention including performing arts. (4) Implementation and evaluation of the intervention with a cluster randomized controlled trial (cRCT). Results: The systematic review found 4 RCTs on weaning-food hygiene interventions. Formative research prioritized 5 CCPs with 6 corrective messages and 5 motivational factors. For the intervention compared to the control arm the composite behaviour score primary outcome was 72% in the intervention versus 19% respectively (p < 0.001). Each individual behaviour was significantly improved except washing of pots dried on clean surface. There was a significant reduction of contamination of weaning-food immediately after cooking and before second feeding, of children's drinking water, of diarrhoea and respiratory symptoms reported for the past 7 days, and hospital admission for diarrhoea. Conclusion: Our public health, community level intervention for mother's hygienic preparation and handling of weaning-food was effective in rural Gambia.
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Spence, Jennifer Emily Spence. "Deciduous Tooth Emergence, Maternal and Infant Condition, and Infant Feeding Practices in the Brazilian Amazon." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu151211453566353.

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Souto, Danielle da Costa. "AMAMENTAÇÃO DE CRIANÇAS COM IDADE SUPERIOR A DOIS ANOS: EXPERIÊNCIAS MATERNAS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2015. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/10343.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The objective of this study was to know the maternal experiences in relation to the breastfeeding for women who breastfed their children for two years or more. The participants were four adult mothers aged between 20 and 50 years. The instruments used to collect information were screened form to identify the criteria for inclusion of participants and a semi-structured interview to investigate the study questions. Was used a collective case study design, giving attention to the particularities and similarities between the cases, and a qualitative analysis. The results were organized in three studies: a theoretical study (Study 1) as regards the pursuit of studies, using a literature narrative review, that discusses the maternal experience in relation to the breastfeeding and weaning; the first empirical study (Study 2) that refer to research on how is the mothers experience with the practice of breastfeeding for two years or more, which the models involved in the practice and the place occupied by father in this context; and the second empirical study (Study 3) investigates what the aspects related to children's weaning process breastfed for up to two years or more, giving emphasis on three aspects: the ambivalence of feelings reported by mothers in regard to weaning, the reasons that led to wean the children and the surveillance and social coercion from this practice. All the main results in the three studies indicate the importance of rethinking health issues and assistance to women and children who can offer adequate support for the socio-cultural, historical and subjective demands can be met. Is necessary to understand that it is still only encourage breastfeeding speaking about their nutritional and biological aspects, but to understand the situation of every woman's life. It is understood that changes in social, cultural and historical terms are complex, however, the provision of adequate emotional support is possible. It must be recognized the different practices of women regarding breastfeeding are characterized by great social pressure. This is the result of the control exercised by society on women, for example, through campaigns to encourage breastfeeding and monitoring on the act of breastfeeding and weaning, gender issues and little knowledge or ignorance of the experiences and feelings of mothers by the people who are next to them and work with these. So also points up the importance of understanding the woman's support network breastfeeding, since through this improved structure can offer a service in health and expanded under a biopsychosocial perspective.
O objetivo deste estudo foi conhecer as experiências maternas em relação à prática da amamentação para mulheres que amamentaram seus filhos por dois anos ou mais. Participaram da pesquisa quatro mães adultas com idades entre 20 e 50 anos. Os instrumentos utilizados para a coleta de informações foram uma ficha de triagem, para identificar os critérios de inclusão dos participantes, e uma entrevista semiestruturada, para investigar as questões do estudo. Foi utilizado um delineamento de estudo de caso coletivo, dando-se atenção às particularidades e semelhanças entre os casos, e uma análise qualitativa. Os resultados foram organizados em três estudos: um estudo teórico (Estudo 1) que se refere a busca de estudos, através de uma revisão narrativa de literatura, que discutam as experiências maternas em relação à amamentação e desmame; o primeiro estudo empírico (Estudo 2) que refere-se à investigação sobre como as mães experienciam a prática da amamentação por dois anos ou mais, quais os modelos implicados em tal prática e o lugar ocupado pelo pai nesse contexto; e o segundo estudo empírico (Estudo 3) que investiga quais os aspectos relacionados ao processo de desmame de crianças amamentadas até os dois anos ou mais, dando-se ênfase em três aspectos: aos sentimentos de ambivalência relatados pelas mães em relação ao desmame, aos motivos que as levaram a desmamar os filhos e a vigilância e coerção social em torno dessa prática. O conjunto dos principais resultados encontrados nos três estudos indica a importância de repensar questões de saúde e assistência à mulher e a criança que possam oferecer um suporte adequado para que as demandas socioculturais, históricas e subjetivas possam ser supridas. Ainda é preciso compreender que não se trata apenas de incentivar a prática da amamentação discursando sobre seus aspectos nutricionais e biológicos, mas sim entender a situação de vida de cada mulher. Entende-se que mudanças em termos socioculturais e históricos são complexas, no entanto, a oferta de suporte emocional adequado é possível. É preciso reconhecer as diferentes práticas das mulheres em relação à amamentação são marcadas por uma grande pressão social. Esta é fruto do controle da sociedade exercido sobre as mulheres, por exemplo, através das campanhas de incentivo à amamentação e da vigilância sobre o ato de amamentar e do desmame, das questões de gênero e do pouco conhecimento ou desconhecimento das experiências e sentimentos das mães por parte das pessoas que estão junto a elas e com essas trabalham. Portanto, ressalta-se ainda a importância de conhecer a rede de apoio da mulher que amamenta, uma vez que através dessa estrutura melhorada pode-se oferecer um atendimento em saúde ampliado e sob uma perspectiva biopsicossocial.
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Thomas, Craig W. "Current practices and future possibilities of performance recording extensively-grazed commercial beef herds in New Zealand." Diss., Lincoln University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/844.

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There is little evidence that the productivity of New Zealand beef herds has improved over time. Data from the NZ Meat and Wool Board’s Economic Service (2006) suggest that the average national calving percentage has declined over the last two decades. During the same period cattle carcass weights have increased but so too has the average cow live-weight which has resulted in increased maintenance costs of the cow herds. It is unclear whether production efficiency in the industry has improved or declined over time. The aim of this research was to develop means of improving productivity in commercial beef herds through practical methods of performance recording. The objectives were firstly to establish current management practices in commercial herds and secondly to develop an objective system for cow selection and culling which would have practical application in commercial herds. Beef management survey Ninety two commercial beef producers with more than 100 breeding cows from the greater Canterbury region of New Zealand were surveyed. Pasture control was the main reason given for owning a beef herd. Size and conformation were the main selection criteria for choosing replacement heifers and bulls. Over 80% of herds retained their own heifers as replacements and >60% mated yearling heifers to first calve at two years of age. Fertility was poor in the surveyed herds. In-calf rates at pregnancy testing averaged 88% for maiden heifers, 92% for rising second calvers and 93% for mixed age (m.a.) cows. There was no significant difference between in-calf rates of maiden heifers mated to first calve at two or three years of age; nor was there any significant difference between the re-breeding success of the two groups. Heifers mated at least one week earlier than m.a. cows, achieved a re-breeding success 4.7% greater (P<.01) than those mated at the same time. Reasons for cows not weaning a calf included wet dry (9.3% of pregnant cows wintered), pregnancy tested not-in-calf (7.4%) and dam death (2.6%). Only 87.9% of pregnant females wintered weaned a calf (89.4% of m.a. cows and 84.9% of heifers). Reasons why cows exited the herds included diagnosed empty (37.2% of all exits), involuntary culls (25.4%), sold wet dry (16.2%), deaths (13.1%) and poor calf production (5.1%). Vaccination was infrequent with clostridial vaccines the most common in m.a. cows (15.2%) and in calves (40.7%); vaccination against Leptospirosis was much less common. Very few of the surveyed farms used any system of performance recording; as a result there was very little performance-based selection or culling practiced. Evaluation of alternative measures of cow productivity Data from four performance recording beef herds were used to compare alternative measures of cow productivity with the industry standard which is calf weaning weight adjusted for sex (SOC) and age of calf and age of dam (AOD), i.e. the “200 day weight.” None of the alternative measures evaluated required knowledge of calving date and all were relatively easily obtainable in extensively managed beef herds. The assessment of cows was based not on their estimated breeding values but instead on their most probable producing ability which, as the sum of all of the permanent, repeatable aspects of the calf-rearing ability of the cow, explains considerably more of the variance of weaning weight than does breeding value alone. SOC and AOD-adjusted marking weight, weaning weight and average daily gain (ADG) between marking and weaning were the traits mostly highly correlated with the 200d wt of calves (r = 0.68, 0.90 and 0.74. respectively). An Extensively- Grazed-Cow-Weaning-Index of these three indicator traits was found to be more highly correlated than any of the individual traits on their own (r = 0.94). Index weights for the three indicator traits were calculated within each herd and then those within-herd index weights were regressed on readily obtainable herd descriptive variables to obtain a regression equation that could predict index weights for any herd. When the model was applied to data from two additional herd years not included in the original model, the EGCW Index was highly correlated with the 200d weights (r>0.90). Performance-based culling of previously unselected commercial beef herds based on the EGCW Index will result in improved productivity due to the moderately high repeatability of calf weaning weight. Objective data from extensively grazed commercial herds will also make possible the use of commercial herd data in genetic evaluations of herd sires.
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Keogh, Samantha Jane. "Promoting better weaning practice in PICU : the development, implementation and evaluation of guidelines for weaning children from mechanical ventilation." Queensland University of Technology, 2005. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16551/.

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Introduction: Weaning from mechanical ventilation is defined as the gradual reduction of mechanical support, and replacing this support with spontaneous ventilation. It is a complex process involving assessing the patient's readiness to wean, optimising factors that can impede the process, selecting the most appropriate weaning mode and continually assessing the patient's progress. In paediatric intensive care the clinician must also account for the unique physiological and psychosocial needs of the child. Aim: The aim of the study was to explore the need for, and impact, of guidelines for weaning children from mechanical ventilation on patient outcomes and staff practice. Method: The study was multi-dimensional using the Model for Improvement as the conceptual framework and decided into four phases. Phase one: A survey of Australian PICUs in 2000 revealed that over 2500 children were ventilated over a 12 month-period, with a potential population of 625 children experiencing difficulties with weaning from mechanical ventilation. No guidelines for weaning children from mechanical ventilation were identified at the time. Standardising the approach to weaning had proven successful with the adult population. Phase two: Collaborative guidelines for weaning, based on available evidence and expert opinion, were drawn up, validated by a panel of experts and safely piloted. Phase three: The guidelines were then tested using a time series design over two years on a PICU at a tertiary referral children's facility. Results demonstrated that total ventilation time, weaning duration and length of stay were not significantly improved in the experimental group. However, quality indicators were slightly improved and a survival analysis also showed a slightly reduced probability of long term ventilated patients remaining ventilated. Results also demonstrated a reduction in the fluctuation of outcome variables over time indicating improved consistency in weaning due to the guidelines Phase four: A qualitative analysis of focus group interviews with staff about the impact of guidelines on their practice generated themes, centred on practice development, framework, relationships and challenges. Few previous studies have investigated the perceptions of staff regarding use of practice guidelines. This study identified that staff viewed the use of weaning guidelines favourably and perceived that their implementation improved patient outcomes. Weaning is a relatively neglected area of intensive care because much of the initial focus of management is resuscitation and stabilisation. This study has demonstrated the positive impact that standardised and collaborative practice can have on patient outcome and clinical practice.
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Jaeggi-Richoz, Sandra. "Du sein au biberon : culture matérielle et symbolique de l'alimentation des tout-petits en Gaule romaine." Thesis, Lorient, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORIL503.

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Au cœur de cette recherche associant les sources textuelles, archéologiques et iconographiques figurent des petits vases en céramique et en verre dont l’usage est, depuis leur découverte au début du XIXe s., controversé. Découverts principalement auprès de jeunes enfants, ces vases de petite forme sont pourvus d’un bec, ce qui a conduit à les appeler biberons ou tétines par les archéologues. Afin de faire le point sur l’usage de ces vases, leurs mentions dans les sources textuelles grecques et romaines ont fait l’objet de nos recherches. Des analyses chimiques portant sur le contenu des vases ajoutent à l’investigation. Composant unique ou mélange ? Des parallèles ont été recherchés dans les traités médicaux de l’époque romaine. Une recherche iconographique des biberons complète notre démarche. Un second volet porte sur le lait et sa production dans le corps humain et animal. En raison de sa formation naturelle, ce fluide corporel et sa fonction nourricière ont fait l’objet de théories chez les médecins et philosophes de l’époque grecque et romaine. Cette dernière fonction nous a conduite à considérer la physiologie et les soins des enfants : quelle est leur constitution ? Quelles sont les maladies qui les touchent spécifiquement ? Comment les soigne-t-on ? Quelles sont les pratiques liées à l’allaitement et au sevrage ? Lait maternel ou lait mercenaire ? Comprenant un volet archéologique et funéraire, notre recherche interroge sur l’âge au sevrage et sur les éventuels rites de passages liés à cette étape
Ever since their discovery in the nineteenth century, the function of small elongated glass and ceramic vessels is debated. The nozzle at the end of these vessels led archaeologists to designate them as baby bottles or pacifiers as they are often found besides child burials. This study uses textual, artefactual and iconographic sources to reconsider the use of these vessels. Besides a review of their mention in Greek and Latin texts and in iconography, remedies involving substances and blends similar to those identified by residue analyses are found in Roman-era medical treatises. Then, the focus shifts to theories elaborated by Greek and Roman physicians and philosophers regarding milk and its production among humans and animals in order to consider the impact of its vital nourishing function on infants: health, common ailments, their cures, nursing and weaning practices, maternal milk versus wet nurses. The thesis closes with the analysis of funerary material to determine weaning age and the associated rites de passage
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9

Waterson, Emily Aletta. "Weaning practices and some problems encountered by breast-feeding mothers." Diss., 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17847.

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The purpose of the study was to determine if mothers who breast-feed their babies for nine months and longer experience problems when weaning. This research also determines the type of problems and weaning practices used by those mothers. In this descriptive study, data was collected from 150 mothers by means of questionnaires and interviews. The subjects were mothers who breast-fed their children for nine months or longer, who attended antenatal and postnatal clinics at Coronation Hospital. Reasons for weaning were inter alia the belief that the baby was old enough to be weaned. The results revealed that 42 (31,34%) of the respondents experienced problems during weaning. The problems included, among others, guilt feelings in the mother. Mothers use harsh methods of weaning such as sending a child away to a relative. There is minimal involvement of health workers in the health education of mothers on weaning.
Health Studies
M.A. (Nursing Science)
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Haydock, Hannah, Leon J. Clarke, Elizabeth F. Craig-Atkins, R. Howcroft, and Jo Buckberry. "Weaning at Anglo-Saxon Raunds: implications for changing breastfeeding practice in Britain over two millennia." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/7187.

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no
This study investigated stable-isotope ratio evidence of weaning for the late Anglo-Saxon population of Raunds Furnells, Northamptonshire, UK. δ15N and δ13C values in rib collagen were obtained for individuals of different ages to assess the weaning age of infants within the population. A peak in δ15N values at about 2-year-old, followed by a decline in δ15N values until age three, indicates a change in diet at that age. This change in nitrogen isotope ratios corresponds with the mortality profile from the site, as well as with archaeological and documentary evidence on attitudes towards juveniles in the Anglo-Saxon period. The pattern of δ13C values was less clear. Comparison of the predicted age of weaning to published data from sites dating from the Iron Age to the 19th century in Britain reveals a pattern of changing weaning practices over time, with increasingly earlier commencement and shorter periods of complementary feeding in more recent periods. Such a change has implications for the interpretation of socioeconomic changes during this period of British history, since earlier weaning is associated with decreased birth spacing, and could thus have contributed to population growth.
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Books on the topic "Weaning practices"

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Khan, Nilofer. Feeding & weaning practices amongst Kashmiri children. Srinagar: Published by Jaykay Books for Jay Kay Book Shop, 2011.

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Naafs, Cathalijn. Weaning practices in northern Namibia: Research into the weaning practices in a rural community in northern Namibia. [Utrecht] Netherlands: Dept. of Cultural Anthropology, University of Utrecht, 1996.

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Khayangayanga, Dave. The health implications of child-weaning practices and methods on children: A study of Bubulo County, Mbale District. [Kampala]: Makerere University, 1993.

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A practical guide to mechanical ventilation. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011.

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Riotte, Louise. Raising animals by the moon: Practical advice on breeding, birthing, weaning, and raising animals in harmony with nature. Pownal, Vt: Storey Books, 1999.

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Feeding & Weaning Practices Amongst Kashmiri Children. JAY KAY BOOKS, 2011.

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Feeding & Weaning Practices Amongst Kashmiri Children. JAY KAY BOOKS, 2011.

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Breast-feeding and weaning practices in urban areas of Malawi. [Lilongwe] Malawi: Ministry of Health, 1989.

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National Animal Health Monitoring System (U.S.) and United States. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. Veterinary Services., eds. Dairy calf management: Feeds & weaning practices : National Dairy Heifer Evaluation Project. Fort Collins, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, 1993.

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Forste, Renata Tonks. The effects of breastfeeding practices and contraceptive use on infant and child mortality as mediated through birth-spacing in Bolivia. 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Weaning practices"

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Agarwal, K. N. "Weaning Practices in Other Parts of the World: Case Study India." In Early Nutrition: Impact on Short- and Long-Term Health, 107–15. Basel: KARGER, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000325670.

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Baturin, Alexander K. "Weaning Practices in Other Parts of the World: Case Study Russia." In Early Nutrition: Impact on Short- and Long-Term Health, 117–25. Basel: KARGER, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000325745.

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Vegas, Annette. "Weaning from CPB." In Evidence-Based Practice in Perioperative Cardiac Anesthesia and Surgery, 249–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47887-2_21.

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Epstein, Scott K., and Marjolein de Wit. "Adjuncts to Facilitate Weaning." In A Practical Guide to Mechanical Ventilation, 305–17. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470976609.ch23.

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Epstein, Scott K. "Readiness Testing and Weaning Predictors." In A Practical Guide to Mechanical Ventilation, 249–61. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470976609.ch19.

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Nicolini, Antonello, Ines Maria Grazia Piroddi, Sofia Karamichali, Paolo Banfi, and Antonio M. Esquinas. "Tracheostomy Decannulation: Key Practical Aspects." In Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation and Difficult Weaning in Critical Care, 313–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04259-6_40.

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Grinnan, Daniel C., and Jonathon D. Truwit. "Weaning from Invasive Ventilation to Noninvasive Ventilation." In A Practical Guide to Mechanical Ventilation, 83–91. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470976609.ch8.

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Law, R. A. "Pre-ruminant Diets and Weaning Practices." In Reference Module in Food Science. Elsevier, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-818766-1.00185-9.

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Franklin, S. T. "REPLACEMENT MANAGEMENT, CATTLE | Preruminant Diets and Weaning Practices." In Encyclopedia of Dairy Sciences, 2411–16. Elsevier, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b0-12-227235-8/00417-x.

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Waters-Rist, Andrea. "Breastfeeding and Weaning Practices in Ancient Siberian Foragers." In Premiers cris, premières nourritures, 277–86. Presses universitaires de Provence, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.pup.34598.

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Conference papers on the topic "Weaning practices"

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Fox, James G., and Corey D. Kershaw. "Improving Ventilator Weaning Practices: Piloting A Paired Sedation Interruption And Ventilator Liberation Protocol." In American Thoracic Society 2012 International Conference, May 18-23, 2012 • San Francisco, California. American Thoracic Society, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2012.185.1_meetingabstracts.a1457.

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Burns, Karen E. A., Stavroula Raptis, Jyoti Bakshi, Deborah J. Cook, Andrew Jones, Scott K. Epstein, Farhad Kapadia, et al. "Practice Variation In Weaning Critically Ill Adults From Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: Preliminary Results Of An International Survey." In American Thoracic Society 2011 International Conference, May 13-18, 2011 • Denver Colorado. American Thoracic Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_meetingabstracts.a6247.

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