Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Weber, Max, 1864-1920 – Et la sociologie'
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Djedi, Youcef. "Max Weber et l'islam." Lyon, Ecole normale supérieure, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ENSF0029.
Full textThe project of Max Weber to write a separate study about Islam didn't take shape. Nevertheless, despite of the character, sometimes hurried and wrong, of his remarks concerning islam, the methodology of the German scholar can be very fruitful for the comprehension of the mentality and the "conduct of life" produced by this "Kulturreligion". Even denying to islam any real possibility of ascetism, notably because of its political, hedonist and Caesar-papist direction, Max Weber, however, sensed himself, in islam, the "fides efficax" and the inwordly ascetism (then better : professional ascetism) which could grow up, especially within the H̱āriğit sects. That's quite the case of Ibāḍism for example
Arguello, Katie Silene Caceres. "Max Weber : modernité et rationalité juridique." Paris 8, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA081854.
Full textColliot-Thélène, Catherine. "Les racines philosophiques de l'essor de la sociologie : de Hegel à Max Weber." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010593.
Full textZweifel, Roger. "Le politique chez Émile Durkheim et Max Weber." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010554.
Full textThis work compares the meaning of politics in the sociology of Émile Durkheim and in the sociology of Max Weber. We consider politics, here, as a criterium allowing to evaluate how sociology can approach the basic problems of modems societies. A precise study is made on each of these authors, concerning the conception of science and of scientist, the definition of sociology, its main concepts and methods, and the relation with philosophy and ethics. This study shows that: 1) The sociology of Durkheim determines politics as a general function of society. So, the study of political life (specially struggles) and political institution will be forsaken in favour of a theoretical analysis of institutions which are demanded, according to durkheim, by health of modem societies. 2) The comprehensive sociology of Weber, insisting on omnipresence of struggles, defines politics as an essential dimension of man's social life, and comes to the necessity of a sociological study of political life and political institutions. This fundamental difference in the conception and the treatment of politics appears as flowing from main choices on the basic concepts which frame social science
Weisz, Eduardo. "La philosophie de l'histoire chez Max Weber." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0086.
Full textThis Thesis aims to show the existence of a Philosophy of History in the work of Max Weber, and to explain the relevance of it for the understanding of the tragic prospective with which he conceives the destiny of humanity. After going through part of the vast secondary literature, the methodological conceptions of this author are being discussed, focusing also on their sources: particularly Kant, Rickert and Simmel. On this basis we will center on this author sociology of religion, fundamental part of his oeuvre. We will show that, in his last stage, his purpose was not only related to the understanding of western modernity, but with the comprehension of universal-history as well, through searching for universal features of the process of rationalization. The latter, though, doesn't unfold in ail civilizations in the same way, given the different variables with which it interacts in each case and which may become obstacles la it. In order to show this, we analyze his essays on different civilizations, where the articulation of the universal and the particular becomes evident. The Weberian Philosophy of History is based on the historical-universal process of rationalization, which for this author has been unfolding for millenniums. It is a theoretical model for the analysis of the historical process, but also a driving force which acts effectively in history although it never does it in an isolated form. This will be shown in his essays on different civilizations and in his conceptual essays, bath part of his sociology of religion. Our focus in the rationalization process allows his Kulturpessimismus to be placed in perspective
Gendron, Pierre 1948. "La modernité religieuse dans la pensée sociologique : Ernst Troeltsch et Max Weber." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36936.
Full textAlong with modern historical science and scientific rationality in general, the social question challenged religion in the nineteenth century; this study brings out the originality of Troeltsch's vision of a modernity compatible with belief in the future of religion.
Motivated by the debate on the social question, Troeltsch's concern was the social foundations of the Christian doctrine in its relation to secular domains of activity, and this calls for a new outlook on the issue of the relation between religion and culture.
Eventually, the comparative approach of the sociological thought of Weber and Troeltsch pursued in the present work, while providing new insight into Weber's views on religion, brings about a better understanding of Troeltsch as a theologian and a philosopher of religion.
Raynaud, Philippe. "Comprehension et politique dans l'oeuvre de max weber." Reims, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987REIMD001.
Full textThe purpose of this work, starting from a systematic reconstruction max weber's thought, is to analyse the situation created by the development of social sciences, through the study of the relationships between political philosophy and social sciences, and of the transformation of the principles of legitimacy inherited from democratic and liberal modern philosophy. The introduction shows how, since the origins of modern politics, appears an opposition between two conceptions of political theory (the "political technology" of hobbes and the "historical hermeneutics" of vico), which sutbends, still today, the contemporary discussion, in order to define the specific place of max weber in the history of modern political thought. The first part reconstitutes the philosophical background of max weber's sociology, by showing the anti-speculative implications of his epistemology, which belongs to the kantian tradition, and by analysing the place of his work within the tradition of the human sciences ("geistes-wissenschaften"). The second part treats the weberian problematic of rationalisation. First, is proposed a reconstruction of the systematic architectonic of weber's theory, through a critical examination of some great interpretations (r. Aron, j. Habermas, a. Schutz) and then, an analysis of his political thought, considered as a dialectical wiew of the modern reason. Are analysed afterwards the limits of weber's thought and the conflicts which are dividing his posterity. The conclusion shows the coherence of max weber's work, and its fondamental value for the contemporary political thought, which comes from the fact that it articulates the sociology of domination and the analysis of legitimacy
Berlan, Aurélien. "La critique culturelle et la constitution de la sociologie allemande : Ferdinand Tönnies, Georg Simmel et Max Weber." Rennes 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN1PH02.
Full textIn Germany, the turn of the century (1890-1914) was marked by the developement of a « cultural criticism ». Closely related to marxist « social criticism » and partly formed against the latter, this Kulturkritik, under Nietzsche’s influence, casted doubts over the idea of progress and particularly over the merits of the industrial revolution. The « fathers » of German sociology (such as Simmel and Weber, but also Tönnies, Troeltsch and Sombart) wished to play a part in this larger debate about the origins and threats of modern capitalism. Characteristic to their approach was an attempt to go beyond the traditional opposition between social criticism and cultural criticism. They did so by rooting their « historical diagnosis » in an analysis of the structural tendencies which define industrial civilization. As the Critical Theory used this very approach, we might say it is inherent to German sociology
Lyet, Philippe. "La collaboration ambigüe des responsables et des bénévoles d'une association caritative : l'exemple de l'aide scolaire au Secours Catholique." Paris 10, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA100135.
Full textThe gap which exists between the secours catholique's programme of scholastic support and the way in which it is carried out by the association's volunteer workers is analysed to the notion of joint regulation. The secours catholique's multi-faceted programme stems from a strong organisational base which, on the one hand, brings together the participants who are extremely involved, but which, on the other hand, because of its impenetrability brings together the participants who are extremely involved, but which, on the other hand, because of its impenetrability, tends to leave aside those who are lees involved. The project of scholastic support appears as the juxtaposition of the institutional project and symbolic references. These references are not part of the association's traditional way of thinking, but, they do, however, have a meaning for the volunteers who work in scholastic support. In itself, this situation allows for the development of an ambiguous collaboration between the volunteers workers and management of secours catholique. Within the dynamics of this system, secours catholique gives almost exclusive priority to the ethics of conviction to the detriment of the ethics of responsability. The volunteers have values - in webers's sense of the word - which are so strong and powerful that the vast majority of them have difficulty imagining that other ideas might be opposed to theirs and that other approaches might exist. They, too, develop the ethics of conviction. The meagre presence of the institution in the work of the volunteers involved in scholastic support has the effect of confirming "de facto" their idea that those who conceive of scholastic support do not have an approach that is different from theirs. Finally, the fact that the volunteers are not implicated in the project of the institution to which they have committed themselves must also be understood as the reflection of a relationship which is relatively new in community work and
Alvaro, Candia Daniel Fernando. "El problema de la comunidad en la teoría sociológica clásica." Paris 8, 2012. http://octaviana.fr/document/181889137#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Full textL’intention de cette recherche est d’analyser les théories sociologiques classiques de la communauté, plus particulièrement celles qui ont fortement contribué à forger le sens de ce que nous appelons aujourd’hui « communauté » et dont l’influence continue d’être patente dans un grand nombre des divers discours actuels. Nous nous servons pour ce faire d’une série de textes emblématiques de trois auteurs classiques de la pensée sociologique : Karl Marx, Ferdinand Tönnies et Max Weber. Notre attention se porte fondamentalement sur les textes qui illustrent le mieux leurs positions sur le problème en question et dans lesquels nous essayons de lire une série, pas toujours reconnue, d’affinités et de correspondances entre leurs théories respectives. S’il est certain que la pensée de la communauté dans le sens large et général du terme a des racines profondes et éloignées dans le temps, nous nous intéressons ici au point d’inflexion à partir duquel la communauté a été redécouverte comme un problème par les nouvelles sciences sociales et a été, du même coup, proclamée comme un de leurs concepts fondamentaux par les théories sociologiques émergentes. Le trait commun entre les perspectives de Marx, Tönnies et Weber sur le problème que nous abordons ici –qui n’est ni le seul, ni le premier, mais simplement celui que nous privilégions- tient à ce que, chez les trois, la communauté (Gemeinschaft) est inséparable de, et par la même incompréhensible sans, son autre conceptuel : la société (Gesellschaft). L’hypothèse que nous soumettons à considération est la suivante : le concept de communauté se détermine par opposition au concept de société duquel il est structurellement solidaire. La structure binaire à laquelle se trouve subordonné ce couple conceptuel ne se limite pas à opposer deux termes formellement égaux : elle suppose et entraîne dans son sillage toute une série d’oppositions métaphysiques fortement hiérarchisées, logiquement et axiologiquement parlant (naturel / artificiel, originaire / dérivé, authentique / inauthentique, unité / séparation, intérieur / extérieur, fermé / ouvert, sentiment/raison, etc. ) dont on peut largement reconnaître l’empreinte dans les trois discours qui constituent l’objet de ce travail, qu’ils l’assument, en partie, ou qu’ils la rejettent. Cette prévalence de la communauté sur la société, basée sur une soi-disant proximité entre la communauté d’un côté, et la nature, l’origine et la vérité d’un autre, ce privilège donc, nous l’avons appelé « communocentrisme ». Privilège majeur d’une époque bourgeonnante dont les implications théoriques, souvent dissimulées stratégiquement par les auteurs eux-mêmes ou par leurs interprètes, se sont déployées et se déploient encore, parallèlement à leurs implications pratiques. Nous nous proposons, en somme, de lire dans une perspective déconstructrice ce privilège de la communauté dans le schéma oppositionnel qui domine les discours fondateurs de la tradition sociologique allemande, ce qui signifie, selon nous, d’en faire une lecture à la fois critique et affirmative : une lecture ou une interprétation qui soit capable de localiser dans les textes et de mettre en relief dans toute leur dimension problématique tant les aspects qui semblent indissociables de certains présupposés métaphysiques que ceux qui les dépassent, leur opposant par là même une résistance et favorisant de nouvelles formes de pensée de la sociabilité
The purpose of this investigation is to analyze the classical sociological theories of the community. In particular, those who have most contributed to establish the sense of what we currently call “community”, and whose influence is still evident in a variety of discourses from the present times. For this we have served from a series of emblematic texts belonging to three authors of the classical sociological thinking: Karl Marx, Ferdinand Tönnies and Max Weber. Our attention is mainly directed to those texts that best illustrate their approaches about the problem in question, and where in turn try to read a series of affinities and correspondences not always recognized between their respective theories. Although the thinking of the community, in the wide and general aspect of the word, has roots deep and remote in time, here we are interested in the turning point from which the community was rediscovered as a problem for the new social sciences and, in the same act, claimed by the emergent sociological theories as one of their main concepts. The common feature between the approaches of Marx, Tönnies and Weber to the problem we address –neither the only nor the first, but simply that which we privileged- is that in all of them the community (Gemeinschaft) is inseparable and otherwise incomprehensible without its conceptual other: the society (Gesellschaft). The hypothesis we put to consideration is that the concept of community is determined by opposition to the concept of society, from which it is structurally supportive. The binary structure to which this conceptual pair is subordinated does not limit to oppose two formally equal terms, but it implies and drags with itself a whole series of metaphysical oppositions, that are strongly hierarchical logically and axiologically (natural/artificial, originary/derivative, authentic/unauthentic, unity/separation, interior/exterior, closed/opened, feeling/reason, etc. ), whose imprint, partly assumed as their own or even rejected, is widely recognizable among the three discourses that are object of this work. The prevalence of the community over the society based on a supposed proximity between the community on one side, and nature, origin, and truth on the other, that privileged we have named it “communicentrism”. A major privilege from a time where its theoretical implications, strategically concealed many times by the same authors or their interpreters, were and are on par with their practical implications. In sum, what we proposed here is a reading in a deconstructive key of the privilege of the community in the oppositional scheme that dominates the foundational discourses of the german sociological tradition. For us, this means both a critic and affirmative reading: a reading or interpretation that can be capable of localize in the texts and put into account in its whole problematicity both what results inseparable from certain metaphysical presuppositions and what it exceeds them, resisting and encouraging new ways of thinking regarding sociability
Park, Jung Ho. "Étude des perspectives de Durkheim, de Weber et de Mauss sur la notion de salut : du mana au salut par la transformation du don." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100072.
Full textThe analysis of the role and status occupied by the notion of religious salvation in the works of Durkheim, Weber and Mauss gives us the opportunity to clarify their differences on the development of sociological concepts necessary to understand the religion. The concepts of mana and gift, analysed in depth by Mauss, are essential elements of explanation for thematizing the phenomena of religious salvation. In our thesis, we try to show that these concepts can be used to resolve some difficulties of Durkheim’s sociology in its understanding of the genesis and development of these phenomena. These concepts are also fundamental to reinterpret some of the central subjects of Weber’s sociology of religions
Pemjean, Letelier Jorge Andrés. "Vers une compréhension post-ontologique du social - Les défis posés par le débat Luhmann – Habermas." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25318.
Full textCe travail de maîtrise a pour but de confronter les théories sociales de Niklas Luhmann et de Jürgen Habermas, afin d’éclairer les défis que le monde contemporain pose à la pensée philosophique. À la suite d’un examen approfondi, qui nous mènera à revisiter les traditions classique (Weber et Durkheim) et moderne (Parsons) de la sociologie, il sera possible de mettre en évidence les implications qui s’ensuivent pour les concepts de société, de rationalité et de normativité. Plutôt que de prendre parti pour l’une des théories en question, nous décèlerons leur signification philosophique en exposant la manière dont elles abordent le phénomène de la complexité. Nous discutons enfin de la place qu’occupe l’humanisme au sein de la théorie sociale contemporaine.
This M.A. thesis compares the social theories of Niklas Luhmann and Jürgen Habermas. Its main goal is to cast light upon the problems that philosophical thinking encounters in its attempt to understand modern society. The Luhmann-Habermas debate is presented from a comparative perspective, which will then lead into key problems of both classical (Weber and Durkheim) and modern (Parsons) traditions of sociology. It is our contention that this debate reveals two alternative standpoints from which the concepts of society, rationality, and normativity can be conceived. Instead of endorsing one theory or the other, this thesis would rather display their philosophical significance by addressing the manner in which they deal with complexity. Finally, the place of humanism within contemporary social theory is examined.
Lajou, Michel. "La pensée politique de Max Weber." Toulouse 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU10053.
Full textMax Weber's dilemma was that he could not choose between science and politics. However, it is indisputable that Max Weber has created a 'political thought which influenced the political government of Weimar very much. Max Weber's first commitments inclused him to think about the recent growth of capitalism, and to criticize the structures of the Wilhelminian society. At that moment he was one of the best upholder of German imperialism: Germany must be able to become a power state. The social and political reforms he planned to enforce were numerous and different. His main purpose was to put and end to the civil servants' power. Weber's perception of bureaucracy, though it has sometimes been taken to extremes, consists in confining bureaucracy to its original function: which is to administer instead to govern. It is also time to curb the increasingly development of bureaucracy in all parts of human activity, so that man would not build his own 'iron cage'. So the politician has to rule and to deal with politics. And yet it was first necessary to put on end to the powerlessness of the parliament, and to develop responsible political characters. And though Wilhelminian society upholds this authoritarian government. A theory of society become the base of Max Weber's reflexion. Max Weber's outlook centred on the political part Max Weber would like the bourgeoisie class to play; this class must rediscover an 'ethos' and break off any kind of relationship with the upper class. So Max Weber develops a 'bourgeois' conception of future society in Germany. Under the weight of historical contingencies, considering the institutional and political void, he feels the plebiscitary leader is a necessity. There is only one choice: a 'leaderless' democracy or a plebescitarian hegemony. This conception includes reforms of the institutions which mainly centre on the Bundesrat. In fact M. Weber revises a conception of Bismarckian policy. This reveals the dilemma of this thinker; his conception is no more adapted to the conditions of the German society after 1918. As a last resort he develops his theory of the charismatic leader, which remains the only solution for Germany, but which also entails many criticisms
Laval, Christian. "Les sociologies classiques et l'utilitarisme : du lien humain dans les sociétés d'Occident." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100008.
Full textBouretz, Pierre. "La théorie de l'Etat et du droit chez Max Weber." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994IEPP0016.
Full textTheory of state and law is the core of Max Weber's thought. But the extent of this thought and its conflicts force to interrogate the position given to this theory in a methodological and philosophical project, focused on the interpretatioin of modernity, within the paradigm of desenchantment of the world. First part tries to underline the ways taken by this desenchantment, that explain the formation of modern state and law. Beginning by the religious problem of the imperfection of the world. Within the rationalization of economical and political activities. By a process that leads to the legitimate violence monopoly. Second part analyses the formal aspect of modern state : the rational structure of law, legality as a paradigm, legitimacy and its logics. Then it compares Max Weber's critique against this political and juridical world to other contemporary interpretations of modernity. Is the desenchantment of the world leading to political and philosophical relativism ? Is it possible to give a rational foundation to legitimacy ? How can we conceive the welfare state, in the framework of a practical reason theory and by the experience of democrary ? Conclusion comes back to Max Weber's thought interpretation. To the idea of a crisis for the European culture. To the legacy from a great theory of the modern world. To the linkage between this thought and the twentieth century
Ouedraogo, Jean-Martin. "Le type idéal du charisme selon Max Weber : essai de reconstruction conceptuelle." Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010608.
Full textJacob, Louis. "Récit et société: interprétation et représentation de l'histoire d'après Paul Ricoeur et Max Weber." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213062.
Full textMardellat, Patrick. "L'analyse économique du bonheur chez Carl Menger et Max Weber." Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100133.
Full textThe economic analysis of happiness is the theme of this historical research in the field of economic thought. The aim is to find the practical legacy attached to the question of human happiness in the economic thought. This analysis is made within the German tradition. The works of Carl Menger and Max Weber are replaced in this tradition, contrary to the way they are traditionally viewed, a neoclassical one for Menger and a sociological one for Weber. The pattern of their economic thought hinges on a non-mathematical pure theory grasping the origin, function and essence of economic phenomena and on a history of the transformation of the forms of economic life. Unlike the quantitative theory of well being centred on the production, the economic analysis of human happiness is centred on the act of consumption whose fundamental character is emphasized. It is thus the action of consumption in institutions that highlights the possibility of economic happiness
Lambret, Marc. "Habermas lecteur de Weber et la question du fondement des valeurs." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040137.
Full textIn his "discussion ethics", Jorgen Habermas stands to-day as reference for those who wish to put the base of a secular and united moral doctrine. The idea of a "new polytheism" of values, as it was expressed by Max Weber, in his days, seems to be directly opposed to this project. Nevertheless, it's in Weber that Habermas has found the brainwave to take the western modernization as a display of reason possibilities, for he is particularly competent at solving moral problems. But the precise analysis of Habermas' text proves that the idea of practical-moral rationability is unproductive. Weber helps mostly to understand in modernity without religion the paradox of unreasonable rationalism. The concept of modernity as a stage of a rational surpass of religion comes from the faith in Jesus Christ, this is fulfilled in a true, solid, religion. Without believing in Christ, this concept has neither base nor prospect. The idea that people can and must communicate in order to reach a reasonable agreement on moral questions is in the air, though not specifically modern. On the whole it's an elementary religious view point
Barbey, Philippe. "Max Weber et les charismes spécifiques : la mondialisation d'un christianisme de conversion, un charisme d'évangélisation ? : une étude de cas, les Témoins de Jéhovah." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05H020.
Full textMax Weber, in Economy and society/1, describes charisma as 'the extraordinary quality of a character who is seen as sent by God or as a model', as a 'vocation, a mission or an inner task, a transformation of the inside'. In his second volume, The organization and the powers of society in their connection with economy, the sociologist says that charisma can purely and simply stick to somebody (innate charisma) or can be artificially produced inside a person who owns it in an embryonic form, but who can develop it by some extraordinary means (acquired charisma). Max Weber mentions a 'charisma of speech' which could also be called 'charisma of conversion'. This sociological research wants to define this specific charisma, from a historical view (in a period going from 1870 to nowadays) and within the framework of phenomenological or comprehensive inspiration sociology of the day life applied to a Christian group famously known for its worldwide evangelical activism: Jehovah's Witnesses
Lin, Cheng. "De la réception de Max Weber à la lecture de Weber : le cas de Taiwan (1980-2005) et la question du rapport économico-religieux dans Confucianisme et taoïsme." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0106.
Full textFor a long time the groundwork on Max Weber's reception has been laid upon comments of the professionals from various areas. However, the links between Weber and these professionals have not been noticeable in the past. In other words, should Max Weber be treated as an expert in any specific area? If the answer is negative, can we classify his works based on certain taxonomy scheme? An analysis of Max Weber's reception in Taiwan during the period of 1980 to 2005 shows that there exist epistemological conflicts between this great scholar and the interpreters of his concepts, even if the later consider themselves to be Weber's truthful followers. By way of clarifying Weber's perception of capitalism, protestant ethic, Buddhism, and a study on the comparison of Chinese law and culture, we attempt to capture such conflicts and offer our interpretation of them. Such conflicts, nevertheless, are helpful for understanding Weber's works, as long as we can identify the limitation of the interpreters' perception. Weber's knowledge is therefore nonprofessional in this respect. Such non-professionalism has enabled him to study China from a novel perspective. The same also applies to his investigation into the relationship between religion and economics in China as addressed in the book "Confucianism and Taoism. "
Piras, Mauro. "Connaissance socio-historique et rationalité : Gadamer, Weber, Habermas." Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHES0074.
Full textGarant, Nicolas. "Melancolie et desenchantement : analyse conceptuelle et destins personnels : jose ortega y gasset, joseph shumpeter, max weber." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010313.
Full textA comparative study of max weber, joseph schumpeter and jose ortega y gasset reveals that all three were preoccupied by the evolution of the modern world and the future of western civilization. Their uneasiness specifically addresses the paroxystic development of modern enterprises. Bourgeois capitalism, individual progress or entrepreneurship and liberal democracy seem unlikely to survive the new conditions that their own progress contribute to diffuse and, progressively, to impose. Nothing guarantees that societies will be able to continue to benefit from competition, brought about by technical and organizational progress, which mankind seems increasing unable to understand and control. For weber, schumpeter and ortega, modernity does not emerge as an inoffensive "inheritance" : the progressive rationalization, bureaucratization, massification and specialization of the world that our thesis underscores represent, in the discourse of these three authors, the new conditions that accompany the development of modern capitalist societies. These conditions, as on-going processes, menace social practices with an excessive "petrification" and mecanization. This explains the pessimism of the three authors in relation to western capitalist civilization, which they associate, often in ideal-type fashion, with exemplary individual behavior which is henceforth threatened by the rationalization and the objectivation of social spheres of activity : creative minorities for ortega, the heroic entrepreneur for schumpeter and the individual prompted by a "calling" for weber
Ledent, David. "La forme symphonique : l'invention d'une modernité musicale." Caen, 2007. https://www-vlebooks-com.ressources.univ-poitiers.fr/Vleweb/Search/Keyword?keyword=9782296217676.
Full textFeuerhahn, Wolf. "Une science des qualités humaines : Max Weber et les débats sur la fonction de la psychologie pour les sciences de l’homme." Rennes 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007REN1PH01.
Full textOne has often seen in Weber a scourge of psychology. Yet Weber doesn’t question psychology itself but rather the tendency to make of it the foundation of human sciences. From Herbart to Dilthey, this fundationalism showed its resonance. Weber identifies to those authors a common denominator, which is that psychology enables us to reach basic human facts that make up social phenomenon. He thinks it is illusory to determine the essence of social phenomena and defines sciences not according to their object’s ontological feature, but to their specific point of view. One should not try to found sciences onto one another but to consider them as complementary. Weber suggests to use psychology not as a foundation but as an auxiliary for sociology. As a ‘human qualities science’, sociology may explain behaviours with the help of psychology : it shows that they are the actualizations of each person’s dispositions, that are themselves the result in the human psyche of a multitude of factors
Rocton, Stéphane. "Légitimité et légitimation. Une théorie wébérienne de la légitimité du politique." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040123.
Full textAcademic literature on the concept of "political legitimacy" shows a broad diversity. Terminological diversity (legitimacy, legitimation, support, trust, satisfaction, etc.), objects diversity (international organizations, national governments, institutions, leaders, public policy, etc.), and most importantly, theoretical diversity (values, interests, culture, ideology, effectiveness, deliberation, etc.) Consisting in a systematic analysis of the international and multidisciplinary literature (sociology, political science, economics, public administration), our study aims to show, beyond this diversity, the logical scheme that governs the construction of theories of legitimacy. Synchronically, we then claim we found the original and founding theory of Max Weber again, built on the conceptual couple legitimacy / legitimation. Diachronically, we expose and explain the extension of meaning which affects the concept of “legitimacy” since the "crisis" of the '70s
Elfersy, Daphna. "The Muslim civil ethic and the concerting of secularism : Islam in France and the Netherlands." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015IEPP0002.
Full textThis study asserts that the vast majority of European Muslims endorse a concerted secularism, a concept pertaining to a non-hierarchic approach to religious and secular reason in democratic societies and states. This study asks what distinguishes these Muslims that show support for a concerted secularism from their European Muslim and non-Muslim counterparts that present different approaches to secularism. the primary hypothesis advanced in this study is that European Muslims that advocate concerted secularism have undergone a process of religious transformation in which Islam was ‘ethicized’ and conceptualized as a source for pluralistically fashioned familial and democratic values. This study refers to this pluralist constellation of social values as the Muslim civil ethic. This emerging ethicized civil Islam, it is argued, serves to explain Muslims’ distinct approach of concerted secularism. A scholarly review and historical analysis substantiates this study’s ambitious theoretical framework and ensuing working hypothesis, although the salience of the explored hypothesis is ultimately affirmed through the quantitative and qualitative fieldwork. to test the premise that a reformatted civil Islam engenders Muslims’ support for a concerted secularism, this study conducted 97 interviews with Muslims and 208 surveys with Muslims and non-Muslims in France and the Netherlands. These countries present compelling cases for a comparative research. the empirical evidence validates the theoretical framework and verifies the hypothesized relations between the reformatted civil Islam and the endorsement of concerted secularism. the findings of this study substantiate the germaneness and authority of weber’s meta-theory of religion and reveals its theoretical and methodological efficacy for general explorations into the relations between ethical religions and sociopolitical life, and in particular, the burgeoning civil Islam in present day Europe and its relation to the notion of concerted secularism
Bauer, Caroline. "Travail et responsabilité selon Jean Calvin, une interprétation par le devoir de lieutenance." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAB005/document.
Full textThe thesis analyzes the way Calvin justifies a commitment without limit in work, in search of prosperity, while paradoxically condemning the quest for personal enrichment and the pursuit of one’s own interests. The duty to work is based on a duty named lieutenancy. It means that every man or women is responsible for acting as God would have done in his or her place. Goods are given to lead to prosperity as a sign of divine providence in order to constitute a just and contented society. This entails the necessity of a limitless commitment to work, a search for individual performance and social responsibility. The human being is understood as fragile and depending on others, only being able to surmount his or her fragility through a covenantal relationship with God and people. In return for this commitment, he or she finds happiness. This interpretation differs from the Calvinist ethics described by Max Weber in The Protestant Ethic and the spirit of the capitalism. It leads to assigning a high value to economic exchanges, through which a fraternal society is constructed. Justice consists in implementing equity mutually and liberality in the exchanges
Decherf, Jean-Baptiste. "Romantisme du chef : le rêve de la domination extraordinaire et ses transformations." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008IEPP0035.
Full textThis work aims, through a study of the romantic cult of great men, to throw light upon the construction of an representation of power whose far reaching effects can be felt even in the works of Max Weber and in the political practice of De Gaulle. The romanticism of the leader commences when the romantic representation of genius as a radically superior being comes to be applied to the great figures of history. The central thesis of the romanticism of the leader lies in a handful of words : because genius is extraordinary, radically "other", its power is also extraordinary, totally estranged from everyday forms of politics. The picture of a magic contact between genius and the masses, suddenly sweeping away all the mediocrity the romantics associate with the quotidian, represents the dream of surpassing the political, of reducing its complexity to a simple surge of shared enthusiasm. By its force of fascination, the dream of the extraordinary survives its creators (Hegel, Carlyle, Michelet, Quinet, Chateaubriand, Stendhal, Hugo, to name but a few) and can take on different shapes. The first is the neoromanticism of the leader, enriched notably by ideas deriving from Nietzsche and the psychology of masses. The second is the sociology of the extraordinary, the concepts of effervescence and charisma (Durkheim and Weber), where the idea of an escape from the quotidian through enthusiasm, though profoundly transformed, is still present. The third is the politics of the extraordinary practiced by leaders who have, unwittingly and in vain, attempted to give reality to this dream
D'Amours, Benoît. "Habermas et l'héritage ambigu de la modernité : la théorie de l'agir communicationnel et la critique des conservatismes." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27929/27929.pdf.
Full textCorré, Laurence. "Le concept de rationalisation dans la pensée constitutionnelle française : essai d'analyse." Thesis, La Réunion, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LARE0011.
Full textThe concept of rationalization of parliamentarism is nowadays part of the significant concepts of the French public Law. Everything seems to be said about the techniques of rationalization established by the constitution in 1958. However, we are forced to notice that the rationalization concept remains badly knows. Invented at the end of the twenties by the jurist Boris Mirkine-Guetzévitch to describe the dynamic of constitutionalization in action in the new eastern and central Europe states, just afeter the first World war, the concept of rationalization of parlementarism results from the general concept of rationalization of the authority which refers to the idea of a society entirely ruled by law. What are the sources of inspiration of the rationalization concept? How are converged its presence and its development int the french constitutional thought from the thirties up to now? To dust the concept of rationalization of the authority implies to identify its theorical basis and determine its ideological impact. The study of the acclimatatization of the mirkinian concept (as well as its underlying ideology and its techniques of realization) allows to underline the adaptations and reinterpretations it has been the subject in harmony with the main juridical thought and the great trends of positive law
Simard, Augustin. "Légalité et légitimité : trajectoire d'un couple conceptuel sous la république de Weimar (1919-1933)." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0087.
Full textThis dissertation examines how the antinomy between legality and legitimacy evolved within the constitutional controversies of the Weimar Republic. The investigation starts with Max Weber’s concept of legitimacy as it is conveyed in « Economy and society ». It then analyses how Carl Schmitt deformed Weber’s sociological theses. While Weber only conceived legitimacy as a classificatory landmark, Schmitt explained Weimar’s constitutional failure in regards to a divorce between legality and legitimacy. He opposed a substantial and supra-legal legitimacy to a strictly functional legality. In 1932, as the regime ran into a deadlock, the dichotomy of legality and legitimacy, according to Schmitt, became an inescapable alternative: either self-destruction or protection of the State. Revisiting the link between legality and legitimacy, the young Otto Kirchheimer later rejected this false alternative by pointing out how it actually works in authoritarian projects
Beddeleem, Martin. "La vocation chez Max Weber : idéal-type et type idéal de la personnalité éthique." Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3839/1/M11931.pdf.
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