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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Welding of plastic pipes

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Academic literature on the topic 'Welding of plastic pipes'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Welding of plastic pipes"

1

Acar, M. O., P. John Bouchard, Joao Quinta da Fonseca, Michael E. Fitzpatrick, and S. Gungor. "Intergranular Strains in Pre-Strained and Welded Pipes." Materials Science Forum 652 (May 2010): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.652.13.

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Neutron diffraction has been used to investigate the weld residual stresses and the intergranular residual strains in butt-welded 316H pipes. Measurements have been made on pipes subjected to varying degrees of plastic pre-straining before welding, in order to assess the effects of plastic strain on the weld residual stresses and the intergranular strains in the material. The intergranular strains following plastic deformation will also be affected by the annealing effect of the welding. Pipes were initially prepared with plastic strain of 0, 10, 15, 20 and 25% plastic deformation. Thereafter, the pipes were cut in half and welded with a circumferential butt-weld. Bar specimens were extracted from the remote end of the 0, 10, 15, 20 and 25% pre-strained and welded pipes. Cross-weld bar specimens were also machined from the 0 and 20% pre-strained and welded pipes. Neutron diffraction measurements were made at ENGIN-X, ISIS and FRM-II, Munich. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the intergranular strains developed after pre-straining from measurements made in remote bar specimens from the remote-end of the pipes. The annealing effect of the welding cycle on the intergranular strains is also studied, with measurements done at several points on cross-weld bar specimens, obtaining the strain response of different hkl lattice planes. The results show that the {200} and {220} planes are at the extremes of response during loading. Furthermore, the welding thermal cycling relaxed the intergranular strains from the prior plastic deformation.

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Masuzawa, Nobuyoshi, Kiichi Hori, and Masao Ide. "Ultrasonic Welding of Plastic Pipes Using Torsional Vibration." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 37, Part 1, No. 5B (May 30, 1998): 3007–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.37.3007.

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Katsuyama, Jinya, Masahito Mochizuki, Hiroaki Mori, W. Asano, Gyu Baek An, and Masao Toyoda. "Geometrical and Welding Conditions on Through-Thickness Residual Stress in Primary Piping of Girth Welded Joints." Materials Science Forum 580-582 (June 2008): 573–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.580-582.573.

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Recently, stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of primary piping of stainless steel has been observed. SCC is considered to initiate and progress at near the welding zone in butt-welded pipes, because of the tensile residual stress introduced by welding. In present work, three-dimensional and axisymmetric thermo-elastic-plastic finite element analyses have been carried out, in order to clarify the effect of geometrical and welding conditions on through-thickness residual stress. In particular, butt-welding joints of SUS316L pipes have been examined. The residual stress was simulated by three-dimensional and axisymmetric models and the results were compared and discussed in detail.

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4

Choi, Kwang. "Analysis of Welding Residual Stress of Steel Pipes." Materials Science Forum 580-582 (June 2008): 637–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.580-582.637.

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This study was aimed at evaluation of residual stress of steel pipe structures. The production process of pipes was complex (at first bending was done by roll forming or press forming and welding was final process of making of steel pipes). So there could be expected high residual stresses in steel pipes. In order to evaluate the changes of residual stress measurements of residual stress were done for the circular pipe (thickness 16 mm). For the evaluation of residual stress, holedrilling method (ASTM E837) was applied. The results showed that along the weld line high tensile stress were measured as expected, and high tensile stresses were measured where large plastic deformation developed. And in order to assist the experimental results, numerical method (finite element method) was applied. In finite element analysis, non-linear analysis of processes was considered. In welding (final case of pipe making), thermal-elastic-plastic analysis was done considering material properties according to temperature. The calculations showed there were good agreements with experimental results. And from results, experimental results could be more effectively assisted through numerical method in welded pipes production.

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LEE, CHOON YEOL, JAE KEUN HWANG, and JOON WOO BAE. "ANALYSIS OF RESIDUAL STRESS FOR NARROW GAP WELDING USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD." International Journal of Modern Physics B 24, no. 15n16 (June 30, 2010): 2797–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979210065659.

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Reactor coolant loop (RCL) pipes circulating the heat generated in a nuclear power plant consist of so large diameter pipes that the installation of these pipes is one of the major construction processes. Conventionally, a shield metal arc welding (SMAW) process has been mainly used in RCL piping installations, which sometimes caused severe deformations, dislocation of main equipments and various other complications due to excessive heat input in welding processes. Hence, automation of the work of welding is required and narrow-gap welding (NGW) process is being reviewed for new nuclear power plants as an alternative method of welding. In this study, transient heat transfer and thermo-elastic-plastic analyses have been performed for the residual stress distribution on the narrow gap weldment of RCL by finite element method under various conditions including surface heat flux and temperature dependent thermo-physical properties.

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Josefson, B. L., L. O. Wikander, J. F. Hederstierna, and F. K. Johansson. "Welding Residual Distortions in Ring-Stiffened Pipes." Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 118, no. 2 (May 1, 1996): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2828820.

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A fast and simple method for the determination of the residual deformation for a class of welding problems, ring-stiffened pipes, is proposed. The method can predictradial as well as angular distortion of the thin-walled pipe-ring-stiffener/flange assembly. The pipe and stiffener material is elasto-plastic. In particular, the accumulation of deformation in multipass welding is incorporated in the model. Each weld pass is treated separately. This facilitates the assessment of the influence of the sequence in which the weld passes are deposited on the residual deformation state. The method will be included in a conversational knowledge-based “expert” system for the production of a welded ring-stiffened pipe.

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Rzasinski, R. "The algorithm of verification of welding process for plastic pipes." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 227 (August 2017): 012113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/227/1/012113.

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Okabe, Takatoshi, Shunsuke Toyoda, Sota Goto, Yasushi Kato, Koichi Yasuda, and Kazuhiro Nakata. "Numerical Analysis of Welding Phenomena in High-Frequency Electric Resistance Welding." Key Engineering Materials 622-623 (September 2014): 525–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.622-623.525.

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High-frequency electric resistance welded pipes are used for high-grade line pipes. To address the significant need for weld seam reliability, it is important to clarify the associated welding phenomena. In this study, a numerical analysis model is developed to clarify the behaviours of the molten steel and oxide in HFW pipes. The temperature distribution of the HFW is calculated using electromagnetic and heat conductive finite element analysis methods. The molten metal and oxide flows are analysed by modelling heat conductive and plastic flows. The movement behaviour of the oxides in the molten steel is successfully analysed with this technique. The material properties as a function of the temperature of the steel pipe are calculated using general-purpose simulation software. With pressurisation by the welding rolls, the molten steel moves to the upper part, and the oxide, which exists in the internal parts, rapidly decreases such that almost all of the oxide transitions to the excess metal part. The internal oxide content rate after pressurisation at 0.08 m/s is less than 0.01. To decrease the oxide content, the pressurisation rate must increase such that the molten steel and an oxide pressurised at high temperatures transition to the excess metal part.

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Hamade, Ramsey F., Tarek R. Andari, Ali H. Ammouri, and I. S. Jawahir. "Rotary Friction Welding versus Fusion Butt Welding of Plastic Pipes – Feasibility and Energy Perspective." Procedia Manufacturing 33 (2019): 693–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2019.04.087.

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Tobias, W. "Welding of Crosslinked Polyethylene Pipes." International Polymer Science and Technology 28, no. 6 (June 2001): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0307174x0102800622.

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The butt-welding of pipes made of crosslinked polyethylene, the most efficient joining method for the material PE-X, which up to now has been regarded an ‘non-weldable’, will enable it to be used for industrial and underground pipes and hence will make a major contribution to state-of-the-art and future-orientated pipeline applications. In the future, it should also be possible to weld PE-X pipes with diameters of less than 90 mm and work is also being performed to develop welded joints with the same temperature resistance as the pipes. This will permit the use of welded PE-X pipes for hot-water systems and heating technology.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Welding of plastic pipes"

1

No, Donghun. "A study of the combined socket and butt welding of plastic pipes using through transmission infrared welding." The Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1104437266.

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Shillitoe, Stephen. "A study of the butt fusion welding of thermoplastic pipes." Thesis, University of Bradford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235570.

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No, Dong Hun. "A study of the combined socket and butt welding of plastic pipes using through transmission infrared welding." Connect to this title online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1104437266.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xxi, 221 p.; also includes graphics (some col.) Includes bibliographical references (p. 218-221).

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Cosgrove, Brian George. "The toughness characteristics of butt fusion and electrofusion joints in polyethylene water pipe." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239469.

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Rashid, Haroon. "Butt fusion welding of polyethylene pipes." Thesis, Brunel University, 1997. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/6623.

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The butt fusion process is extensively used in the joining of polyethylene (PE) pipes by the water and gas industries. This welding process although deceptively simple, is rather poorly understood, with much of the initial developments being of a rather empirical nature. The Water Research centre (WRc) have funded the present research in an attempt to optimise the welding of high pressure pipeline (PE100) systems. The main aims of this research were to investigate the effect of different welding conditions on the physical and mechanical properties of the joints produced and to investigate these effects on the micro- and macro-structures of the joints produced. A series of welds were made using Eltex Tub 124 and Rigidex 002-50 pipes of 180mm diameter. The fusion pressure and heatsoak times were varied. A milling machine witha twin cutter arrangement was used to obtain the test specimens from around the circumference of the pipes. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to study the effect of sample preparation methodology on the thermo-oxidative stability. Polarised light microscopy and image analysis were used to study the macro- and micro-structural developments in the weld joint. Joint strength was evaluated via standard and non-standard tensile test methods. Milling the samples to produce the test specimens was found to decrease significantly the thermo-oxidative resistance of the polymer. Reasons for this behaviour have been proposed. In order to achieve high quality thin films from microtomy, custom-made blades were used. This programme also developed the optimum polishing method for the microtomed blades. The macro-structure of the bead: its shape and dimensions were found to be a function of temperature and pressure. Correlation was found between the bead geometry and the position around the circumference of the pipe. The macrostructures within the weld zone also showed this dependence on the position along the circumference of the pipe. An examination of the microstructures of each weld had shown the presence of five different zones. The feasibility of using microtomed thin sections in a tensile test was demonstrated. The test method provides a means to study failure initiation and propagation in the tensile test specimen. Initial deformation was found to occur in the centre of the melt-affected zone (MAZ) and the final failure occurs at the junction of the weld bead and the bulk polymer. Tests on films without the weld bead showed that maximum deformation occurred at the centre of the sample within the MAZ. The presence of the bead and the asymmetry in the test specimens caused by the welding process were found to have a significant influence on the failure mode and the failure strain. The strain rate was also found to play a significant role in both beaded and debeaded samples. The failure was initiated from the pseudo notches in the beaded samples. In the debeaded sample the failure was within the MAZ.

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6

Gao, Yan. "Leak detection in plastic water pipes." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.423122.

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Yan, Pei. "High frequency induction welding & post-welding heat treatment of steel pipes." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609702.

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8

Sævik, Svein. "On stresses and fatigue in flexible pipes." Norway : Dept. of Marine Structures, the University of Trondheim, 1992. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/27348152.html.

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9

Chan, Che Wan. "The ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation of welds in plastic pipes." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7208.

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Greenshields, Christopher John. "Fast brittle fracture of water/air pressurised plastic pipes." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8690.

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Books on the topic "Welding of plastic pipes"

1

I͡Alyshko, G. F. Svarka i montazh truboprovodov iz polimernykh materialov. Moskva: Stroĭizdat, 1990.

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2

Carel Hendrik Laurens Jan ten Horn. Cyclic plastic deformation and welding simulation. Netherlands: Delft U Pr, NE, 2002.

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3

Pipes, fittings and valves. Geneva, Switzerland: International Organization for Standardization, 1986.

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4

Thompson, D. M. Water utility experience with plastic service lines. Denver, Colo: The Foundation, 1992.

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5

Association, American Gas. AGA plastic pipe manual for gas service. 7th ed. Washington, DC: American Gas Association, 2001.

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Wróblewska, Zofia. Powlekanie gazociągów tworzywami sztucznymi. Kraków: Nakł. Instytutu Górnictwa Naftowego i Gazownictwa, 1985.

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7

National Conference on Flexible Pipes. (1st 1990 Columbus, Ohio). Structural performance of flexible pipes: Proceedings of the First National Conference on Flexible pipes, Columbus, Ohio, 21-23 October, 1990. Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema, 1990.

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8

Hardy, R. Welding of plastic films using infrared lamp and laser technologies. Cambridge: TWI, 1999.

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9

Moser, A. P. Evaluation of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe performance. Denver, CO: The Foundation and American Water Works Association, 1994.

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10

Anderson, Keith W. ADS HDPE sewer pipe: I-90 Third Lake Washington Bridge maintenance facility. [Olympia, Wash.]: Washington State Dept. of Transportation, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Welding of plastic pipes"

1

Gooch, Jan W. "Plastic Welding." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 543. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_8841.

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2

Tres, Paul A. "Welding Techniques for Plastics." In Designing Plastic Parts for Assembly, 83–166. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9781569905562.005.

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Tres, Paul A. "Welding Techniques for Plastics." In Designing Plastic Parts for Assembly, 85–168. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9781569906699.005.

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Tres, Paul A. "Welding Techniques for Plastics." In Designing Plastic Parts for Assembly, 101–86. 9th ed. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9781569908211.005.

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Bogdevicius, Marijonas. "Dynamic Processes of Gas in Plastic Pipes." In Solid State Phenomena, 219–22. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-21-3.219.

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Chen, Jingyao, Xiao Wei, Jijin Xu, Yi Duan, Junmei Chen, Chun Yu, and Hao Lu. "Study on Properties of LBW Joint of AISI 304 Pipes Used in Nuclear Power Plant." In Transactions on Intelligent Welding Manufacturing, 167–74. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8330-3_10.

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Kanona, M. A., and R. D. Currie. "Structural Performance of Centrifugally Cast Glass Reinforced Plastic Pipes." In Composite Structures 4, 223–34. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3455-9_17.

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Kainth, Sushil. "Monolayer Die for Pipes ø50 mm to ø125 mm." In Die Design for Extrusion of Plastic Tubes and Pipes, 161–89. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9781569906736.008.

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Kainth, Sushil. "Monolayer Die for Pipes ø140 mm to ø315 mm." In Die Design for Extrusion of Plastic Tubes and Pipes, 191–221. München: Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9781569906736.009.

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Suzumura, Akio. "Braze Pressure Welding (BPW) - A New Method for Joining Steel Pipes -." In THERMEC 2006, 3955–60. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-428-6.3955.

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Conference papers on the topic "Welding of plastic pipes"

1

Jin, Zhijiang, Xianping Wan, and Chenghang Jiang. "Research on Safety Assessment Method for Pressure Pipe With Incomplete Welding Defects Under Complicated Loadings." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25543.

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Since most pressure pipe materials have good toughness, the failure mode of pipe is usually the plastic failure controlled by limit load. The incomplete welding defect is very common in the pipe, and its existence will reduce the load-carrying capacity of pipes. The pipe with incomplete welding defects can be continued using only after passing the appropriate safety assessment, so the research on safety assessment procedure for pressure pipe with incomplete welding defects under combined bending, torsion and internal pressure loadings has a great theoretical and practical engineering value. By using theoretical analyzing method of plastic limit load, the plastic limit load of pressure pipe with different defect size or pipe diameter ratio are calculated in this paper, then safety assessment curved surface and its express equation are obtained by fitting calculation data. Finally a safety assessment procedure is developed for pressure pipes under combined bending, torsion and internal pressure loadings according to the curved surface.

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2

Mochizuki, Masahito, Jinya Katsuyama, and Masao Toyoda. "Effect of Geometric and Welding Conditions on Through-Thickness Residual Stress." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93489.

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Recently, stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of core internals and/or recirculation pipes of austenite stainless steel (SUS316L) has been observed. SCC is considered to occur and progress at near the inner surface of the welding zone in butt-welded pipes, because of the tensile residual stress introduced by welding. In present work, three-dimensional and axisymmetric thermo-elastic-plastic finite element analysis have been carried out, in order to clarify the effect of geometric and welding conditions in circumferential welding zone on the residual stress. In particular, butt-welding joints of SUS316L-pipes have been examined. The residual stress was simulated by three-dimensional and axially symmetric models and the results were compared and discussed in detail.

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3

Katsuyama, Jinya, Masahito Mochizuki, Ryota Higuchi, and Masao Toyoda. "Parametric FEM Evaluation of Residual Stress by Circumferential Welding for Austenitic Stainless Steel." In ASME 2005 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2005-71440.

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Recently, stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of core internals and/or recirculation pipes of austenite stainless steel has been observed. SCC is considered to occur and progress near the welding zone because of the weld tensile residual stress. In the present work, thermo-elastic-plastic analysis of the residual stress was performed in order to clarify the effect of several parameters (diameter, thickness, number of multilayer welding) in the circumferential welding zone. Butt welding joint of SUS316L-pipes was examined. The residual stress was calculated by three dimensional-model and axisymmetric model and the results were compared and discussed in detail.

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Stone, D. A., M. P. Foster, and C. M. Bingham. "High Power, Unity Power Factor Supply for Plastic Pipe Welding Applications." In IECON 2007 - 33rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iecon.2007.4460240.

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Zhuang, Chuanjing, Yaorong Feng, and Chunyong Huo. "Study on the Mismatched Girth Welds of X80 Line Pipes." In 2006 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2006-10195.

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X80 linepipes are going to be widely used for gas transmission pipelines in China. The welding procedure for girth weld is very critical to the safety of the X80 pipeline. In this paper, different welding procedures are employed to obtain three different mismatched girth welds, with which tests were carried out to analyze effect of mismatch on the properties of girth welds. Plastic deformation and critical defect size (δc) is calculated and discussed for the different mismatched girth welds utilizing both FAD and FEM methods. Overmatched or evenmatched girth weld is recommended for high grade linepipes because overmatched weld has the advantages of improving limit load and enhencing fracture resistance of pipe girth welds. But the increase of weld strength may reduce the resistance of the weld to HIC and SCC, as well as make the field weld operation more difficult. The level of mismatch shouldn’t be too high because too much weld seam strength will not only be a way of waste, but also decrease weld resistance to HIC cracks.

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Katsuyama, Jinya, Wataru Asano, Kunio Onizawa, Masahito Mochizuki, and Masao Toyoda. "Crack Growth Analyses of SCC Under Various Residual Stress Distributions Near the Piping Butt-Welding." In ASME 2007 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2007-26574.

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Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of core internals and/or recirculation pipes of austenite stainless steel (Type 316L) has been observed. When a SCC is detected at the reactor internals or pipes, it is necessary to calculate crack growth behavior of the crack for a certain operational period. The SCC initiates and grows near the welding zone because of high tensile residual stress by welding relative to the other contributing factors of material and environment. Therefore, the residual stress analysis due to welds of austenitic stainless piping is becoming important and has been already conducted by many researchers. In present work, the through-thickness residual stress distributions near multi-pass butt-welds of Type 316L pipes have been calculated by thermo-elastic-plastic analyses with the geometric and welding conditions changed and collected from literatures. Then crack growth simulations were performed using calculated and collected residual stress distributions. The effects of geometric and welding conditions on crack growth behavior were also discussed.

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7

Liu, Junyan, Ganesan S. Marimuthu, and Per Thomas Moe. "Analysis and Design of Small Scale Pipe Forge Welding Process." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-10552.

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Shielded Active Gas Forge Welding is a high speed welding method for joining inter alia steel pipeline and casing. The process consists of a heating step, in which the bevels of the sections to be joined are heated locally to temperatures exceeding 1000 °C, and a subsequent forging step in which joining takes place by the application of a high axial force. In order to make possible cost-effective welding qualification and research a small scale forge welding machine has been developed. Down-scaling of the forge welding process should be carefully assessed in order to establish the limits of the process. In this paper two aspects of the forge welding process have been studied in detail by the use of finite element modeling and experiments: a) coupled thermal and electromagnetic modeling of heating and b) coupled thermo-mechanical modeling of forging. Special attention is given to the study of the limits of buckling of the pipe wall during forging. A high thermal gradient in the axial direction in the pipe wall facilitates local plastic deformation during forging and proper fusion of welds. For elongated temperature fields buckling is more likely to occur since the effective stiffness of the wall section is reduced. The limits of buckling depend on the wall thickness and diameter of section to be joined. While the forge welding process works very well for virtually all types of full scale pipeline and casing sections, buckling has been observed when joining very thin-walled small scale pipes. For welding of stainless steel small scale pipes local heating proves challenging. These challenges may be overcome by innovative welding machine design, and by carefully assessing welding process limitations. Certain physical limitations must still be considered.

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8

Nakamura, Izumi. "Numerical Investigation on Strength of Tee Pipes Under In-Plane/Out-of-Plane Cyclic Loading." In ASME 2019 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93559.

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Abstract It is known that the expected failure mode of piping systems under excessive seismic motion would be the fatigue failure at elbows or tees. Although there are a lot of experimental and analytical investigations on the strength and the failure behavior of elbows under seismic loading, there are a few studies on tee pipe joints particularly in the inelastic range. To clarify the characteristics of the strength of tee pipes under elastic-plastic region, investigations by FEM analysis were conducted. In this analytical investigation, steel butt-welding type tee pipe joints were considered. Two kinds of parameters were considered; 1) the loading direction (in-plane bending / out-of-plane bending), 2) the branch size (equal tee / unequal tee). From the analytical examination, the load-displacement relationship and the distribution of the accumulated plastic strain concentration position were obtained. The difference of the strength in the loading direction and the expected failure locations depending on the branch pipe size and the loading direction are discussed.

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Reichel, Thilo, Jochem Beissel, Vitaliy Pavlyk, and Gernot Heigl. "Production of Metallurgically Cladded Pipes for High End Applications in the Oil and Gas Industry." In ASME 2008 27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2008-57311.

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The paper describes the different industrially used options to produce a clad pipe and explains in detail the manufacture of metallurgically cladded pipes starting with the production of roll bonded plates. In plate manufacturing the advantages as well as the limitations of thermo-mechanical (TM) rolling are discussed. The TM-technology is shown to improve weldability, HIC-resistance, strength and toughness properties of the carbon steel section of the pipe. Moreover, it also improves corrosion resistance of the CRA layer. The pipe manufacturing procedure, which involves two welding technologies for longitudinal welds is described. The carbon steel parts of the pipe are joined using double-sided multi-pass Submerged-Arc-Welding (SAW). The single-pass Electroslag-Welding (ESW) is subsequently used for recladding of the CRA layer. The multi-pass SAW results in excellent mechanical properties of the weld joint, whereas the ESW technique ensures low dilution of CRA with the carbon steel, a smooth weld bead shape and a high corrosion resistance of the deposited layer. With the aid of thermodynamic modeling and numerical simulations it is shown, that the high corrosion resistance is promoted by an intensive mixing within the ESW weld pool and relatively low segregation level of Cr and Mo during solidification. Furthermore, FEM analysis is applied to examine the plastic deformation and residual stresses distribution in the pipe during forming, welding and final calibration. The obtained information assists in optimization of manufacturing procedure, and can also be included in prediction of resulting pipe fatigue during operation.

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10

Brar, Gurinder Singh. "Residual Stresses in Butt Welding of Two Circular Pipes: An Experimental and Numerical Investigation." In ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-29082.

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Welding is a reliable and efficient joining process in which the coalescence of metals is achieved by fusion. Welding is carried out with a very complex thermal cycle which results in irreversible elastic-plastic deformation and residual stresses in and around fusion zone and heat affected zone (HAZ). A residual stress due to welding arises from the differential heating of the plates due to the weld heat source. Residual stresses may be an advantage or disadvantage in structural components depending on their nature and magnitude. The beneficial effect of these compressive stresses have been widely used in industry as these are believed to increase fatigue strength of the component and reduce stress corrosion cracking and brittle fracture. But due to the presence of residual stresses in and around the weld zone the strength and life of the component is also reduced. To understand the behavior of residual stresses, two 10 mm thick Fe410WC mild steel plates are butt welded using the Metal Active Gas (MAG) process. An experimental method (X-ray diffraction) and numerical analysis (finite element analysis) were then carried out to calculate the residual stress values in the welded plates. Three types of V-butt weld joint — two-pass, three-pass and four-pass were considered in this study. In multi-pass welding operation the residual stress pattern developed in the material changes with each weld pass. In X-ray diffraction method, the residual stresses were derived from the elastic strain measurements using a Young’s modulus value of 210 GPa and Poisson’s ratio of 0.3. Finite element method based, SolidWorks software was used to develop coupled thermal-mechanical three dimension finite element model. The finite element model was evaluated for the transient temperatures and residual stresses during welding. Also variations of the physical and mechanical properties of material with the temperature were taken into account. The numerical results for peak transverse residual stresses attained in the welded plates for two-pass, three-pass and four-pass welded joint were 67.7 N/mm2, 58.6 N/mm2, and 48.1 N/mm2 respectively. The peak temperature attained during welding process comes out to be 970°C for two-pass weld, 820.8°C for three-pass weld and 651.9°C for four-pass weld. It can be concluded that due to increase in the number of passes during welding process or deposition weld beads, the residual stresses and temperature distribution decrease. Also, the results obtained by finite element method agree well with those from experimental X-ray diffraction method.

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Reports on the topic "Welding of plastic pipes"

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HYSTERETIC PERFORMANCE OF WEAK-AXIS CONNECTION WITH I-SHAPED PLATES IN STEEL FRAME. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/ijasc.2021.17.3.1.

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This paper elucidates numerically the behavior of weak-axis moment connections proposed by welding I-shaped plates in the H-section column to increase connection strength and ductility in steel frame. After validating the numerical methods through comparing the results of numerical analysis and experiments, the effectiveness of the proposed weak-axis connection were examined through comparing to the traditional weak-axis connection. The proposed weak-axis connection could move the highest stresses away from the start-stop points of a weld, and thus preventing the premature brittle fracture of the beam flange welds. The plastic hinge formed away from the beam-column interface, while the local buckling occurred in the weld access holes region in the traditional weak-axis connection. The proposed weak-axis connections can be classified as rigid in a strong-bracing system, and be classified as semi-rigid in weak-supported or unsupported system. And then a series of parametric studies was conducted to better understand the behavior of proposed weak-axis moment connections. The force-displacement relationships, location of the plastic hinge, Mises index (MI), triaxiality index (TI) and rupture index (RI) distributions at the beam flange welds were reported in detail. According to the numerical analysis, the design variables of I-shaped plates and widened flange plate are suggested, along with a design procedure.

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