To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: West Bank – Emigration and immigration.
Journal articles on the topic 'West Bank – Emigration and immigration'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 26 journal articles for your research on the topic 'West Bank – Emigration and immigration.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Weiss, Hadas. "Immigration and West Bank Settlement Normalization." PoLAR: Political and Legal Anthropology Review 34, no. 1 (May 2011): 112–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1555-2934.2011.01142.x.
Full text
2
Giles, Jim. "Immigration policy forces researchers out of West Bank." Nature 445, no. 7124 (January 2007): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/445136b.
Full text
3
Kekana, M. C., T. O. Tong, M. Y. Shatalov, and S. P. Moshokoa. "Series Solutions for South African Banks Users Using the Adomian Decomposition Method." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 17, no. 7 (July 1, 2020): 2940–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2020.9323.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, A model for the four major South African banks namely Absa, First national, Standard and Nedbank users is developed and investigated. Series solutions for South African banks users is obtained using the Adomian decomposition method under factors emigration, immigration, advertisement of each bank and personal interaction amongst different bank users. The results reveals that people will continue using the four South African banks as long the aforesaid parameters are intensified.
4
BEREND, IVAN T. "Clash of civilizations?" European Review 10, no. 4 (October 2002): 423–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798702000340.
Full textAbstract:
There have been numerous fault-lines in society in the past due to religion, race, social class and nation. Current fault-lines relate to demography: the West has a falling population whereas many countries elsewhere in the world are undergoing large population growth; net emigration has been replaced by immigration. The previous Western dominance in economic activity has also changed and the balance has moved east. These and other factors are considered as pointers to the future.
5
Abadan-Unat, Nermin. "East-West vs. South-North Migration: Effects upon the Recruitment Areas of the 1960s." International Migration Review 26, no. 2 (June 1992): 401–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839202600213.
Full textAbstract:
The end of the Cold War has been marked by the re-emergence of nationalism. This article is focused on Turkey and Turkish emigration abroad. It examines integration of second generation immigrants in Western Europe and various forces fostering Islamic identity. It then compares political discourse on immigration in France and Germany. It concludes that the resurgence of ethnic identity as the basis for effective political action in widely divergent societies is a key feature of the post-Cold War period. Immigrants have been actively involved in this general process as witnessed by the role of immigrants in recent conflict in Yugoslavia and Turkey.
6
Strielkowski, Wadim, Kateřina Hluštíková, Olena Malynovska, and Zuzana Horváthová. "Ukrainian migration in the EU: A comparative analysis of migration and remittance behaviour." Geografie 120, no. 3 (2015): 372–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.37040/geografie2015120030372.
Full textAbstract:
From the perspective of international migration, Ukraine represents a particularly interesting case because it is a country of emigration, immigration and transit migration; wherefore the movement of people occurs in all directions. Moreover, the country faces serious economic problems that are fuelled by political instability within the country. Nowadays, Ukraine is a country with fifth largest emigration in the world with the largest representation of emigrants in Czechia. This paper examines the remittance behaviour of Ukrainian labour migrants. We attempt to test the theory of dwindling remittances on the data on Ukrainian migration in seven European Union countries and to determine whether the time spent away from home actually has a negative effect of remittances. We use data from a recent project called MIRPAL (Migration and Remittance Peer Assisted Learnings) conducted by Ukrainian researchers in cooperation with the World Bank which maps in detail the economic and social situation of Ukrainian migrants in European Union.
7
Gómez Schlaikier, Sigrid. "¿Los nuevos cooperantes? relación entre migración, remesas y el potencial de los migrantes." Cuadernos de difusión 13, no. 24 (June 30, 2008): 27–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.46631/jefas.2008.v13n24.02.
Full textAbstract:
The target of a 38,5% of immigrants in the world is one of the APEC economies. This signifi cant fi gure should be deeply examined to fi nd out why these destinations are chosen, how immigrants contribute to these economies, how they are benefi ted when they migrate and how they contribute to their country of origin, such as Peru. This research was conducted on the basis of diverse data about emigration, immigration, remittances and, urban and rural population of the APEC member countries. The international data basically relies on the World Bank reports, while the Peruvian data is based on the information released by the Peruvian National Institute of Statistics and Informatics (INEI). The study seeks to provide new perspectives and to fi ll out gaps regarding migration and remittances. It also proposes diverse options such as immigration quotas and working visa lotteries in a decentralized manner among APEC economies, and defi nes the concept of migrant not only as a remittance sender, but also as a potential new aid worker when he returns to his country of origin.
8
HARLING, PHILIP. "ASSISTED EMIGRATION AND THE MORAL DILEMMAS OF THE MID-VICTORIAN IMPERIAL STATE." Historical Journal 59, no. 4 (March 28, 2016): 1027–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x15000473.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTThis article examines three voyages of the late 1840s to advance the argument that emigration – often treated by its historians as ‘spontaneous’ – actually involved the laissez-faire mid-Victorian imperial state in significant projects of social engineering. The tale of the Virginius exemplifies that state's commitment to taking advantage of the Famine to convert the Irish countryside into an export economy of large-scale graziers. The tale of the Earl Grey exemplifies its commitment to transforming New South Wales into a conspicuously moral colony of free settlers. The tale of the Arabian exemplifies its commitment to saving plantation society in the British Caribbean from the twin threats posed by slave emancipation and free trade in sugar. These voyages also show how the British imperial state's involvement in immigration frequently immersed it in ethical controversy. Its strictly limited response to the Irish Famine contributed to mass death. Its modest effort to create better lives in Australia for a few thousand Irish orphans led to charges that it was dumping immoral paupers on its most promising colonies. Its eagerness to bolster sugar production in the West Indies put ‘liberated’ slaves in danger.
9
Franc, Sanja, Anita Čeh Časni, and Antea Barišić. "Determinants of Migration Following the EU Enlargement: A Panel Data Analysis." South East European Journal of Economics and Business 14, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jeb-2019-0010.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The Eastern enlargements of the European Union (EU) since the early 2000s have included post-transitional economies at a lower level of development than the existing member states and thus, have significantly affected the East-West migration flows and labour markets on both sides. This has provided a distinctive opportunity to study the effects of liberalisation and to identify economic factors leading to migration flows with the purpose of enabling better estimations of future migration trends. In this research, a panel data analysis with pair of country fixed effects and time fixed effects is used to explore several pull and push factors of the East-West EU migration flows in the period from 2000 to 2017. Results indicate that emigration rate responds rather quickly to the changes in GDP per capita and unemployment rate of the youth population in immigration country, with statistically significant elasticity coefficients, suggesting that international migration contributes significantly to adjusting the labour supply to fluctuations in economic activity.
10
Zan, Q., and Y. Bian. "Analysis on the Changing Spatial Patterns of China's Migration in 1985–2010." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-2 (November 11, 2014): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-2-37-2014.
Full textAbstract:
Based on the data of China’s fourth, fifth and sixth population census, taking the seven geographical zone as research units, the Changing Spatial Patterns of China's Migration in 1985–2010 is studied by the means of spatial analysis and mathematical statistics. The empirical results show that: (1) The migration population in China was increasing a lot in 1985–2010, and the main part of it is Provincial migration. (2) The total number of migration, immigration and emigration, the relative proportion of inter provincial and provincial migration have been positively correlated to the regional economic development level. (3) The emigrations from Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and overseas mainly moved to East and North China. (4) Central and west of China are the main area where people outflowed from, and most migration population moved to south-eastern coastal areas. The migration in Northeast and northwest of China is still relatively small. The main direction of population migration and flowing is from west to east and from north to south.
11
Johnson, Todd M., and Gina A. Bellofatto. "Migration, Religious Diasporas, and Religious Diversity: A Global Survey." Mission Studies 29, no. 1 (2012): 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157338312x637993.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Vast efforts are put into the collection of statistics in every country of the world relating to religious adherence. Quantitative tools in the context of demography – births, deaths, conversions, defections, immigration, and emigration – provide a comprehensive view of demographic changes in religious diasporas, which are created by the migration of people worldwide. Utilizing the taxonomies of religions and peoples from the World Christian Database (WCD) and World Religion Database (WRD), a preliminary examination of religious diasporas shows 859 million people (12.5% of the world’s population) from 327 peoples in diasporas around the world. The continuing trend of religious migration around the world is both increasing and intensifying religious diversity, especially in the former Christian West. This paper outlines some key issues relating to religious diversity in the twenty-first century and how the movement of peoples worldwide contributes to those issues.
12
Kisiel, Roman, Wiesława Lizińska, and Paulina Rosochacka. "Migracje zarobkowe Polaków w kontekście brexitu." Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski 10, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31648/pw.4509.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the work was to diagnose the scale of the phenomenon of labor migration of Poles to Great Britain. Data on population flows were used (emigration, immigration and migration balance) in 2004–2014. An attempt was also made to diagnose migration changes caused by the Brexit referendum. For this purpose, data were used in the years 2014–2016. The secondary data from Eurostat, the Macroeconomic Data Bank and Demographic Year 2017 (CSO) were used to analyze and assess the phenomenon of migration in the analyzed periods. The majority of migrant workers came to the British Isles in 2006. In the following years, interest in going abroad for long-term was not so great. There were definitely more Polish residents who decided to go for a short-term than for long-term. Another such a big interest in going for longterm to Great Britain took place in 2013. This tendency did not last too long. The referendum did not have a big impact on the short-term migra-tion. However, it reduced the willingness to go away for long-term.
13
Arnold, GW, A. Grassia, DE Steven, and JR Weeldenburg. "Population ecology of western grey kangaroos in a remnant of wandoo woodland at Baker's Hill, southern Western Australia." Wildlife Research 18, no. 5 (1991): 561. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9910561.
Full textAbstract:
A subpopulation of western grey kangaroos (Macropus fuliginosus) living in a 305-ha remnant of wandoo woodland in the mediterranean climate of the south-west of Western Australia was studied for 10 years. Measurements and estimates were made of a wide range of population characteristics including population size, composition, reproductive rate, emigration and immigration rates and death rates. Growth rates of males and females were established and yearly differences in nutritional status assessed. The population increased over four years from 146 � 22 to a plateau of around 200 before being culled to 95. The numbers then increased slowly over another six years to 158 individuals. The population had an average of 46 adult males per 100 adult females. Subadults plus juveniles made up 10-36% of the population, depending on the year. Breeding was seasonal, being earlier in years with early autumn rain. Reproductive rate was higher, overall, in these years. Females became sexually mature at about 16 kg, their reproductive rate increased with weight until they reached 24 kg; 91% of adult females over 24 kg had pouch young annually. Mortality of young appeared to be high, and to be the factor regulating the population. On average, only 27% of young survived the first year after leaving the pouch. Emigration rate was estimated to exceed immigration by 5% per annum. The estimated mortality rate of adults was 5% per annum. The nutritional status of individuals varied from year to year; within a year, only females were heavier in early summer than in later summer. It was concluded from faecal nitrogen levels that nitrogen was not a major factor influencing nutritional status in summer. Fifteen years after this remnant woodland was established by clearing, the subpopulation of kangaroos living in it appeared to be relatively stable in numbers, and certainly was not showing the marked fluctuations known to occur in semi-arid areas of Australia.
14
Ben-Shemesh, Yaacov. "Immigration Rights and the Demographic Consideration." Law & Ethics of Human Rights 2, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1938-2545.1027.
Full textAbstract:
Attaining and maintaining a substantial Jewish majority in Israel has been one of the basic goals of the State of Israel since its early years. A substantial Jewish majority within the borders of the state is thought to be necessary in order to preserve its Jewish nature. Many believe that the demographic consideration also stood behind the enactment of the Citizenship and Entry into Israel Law (Temporary Provision), 2003, which prohibits granting Israeli citizenship and residency to Palestinians from the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, and prevents, inter alia, Israeli Arabs from living in Israel with their Palestinian spouses.I examine the legitimacy of the demographic consideration from the perspective of liberal political theory. I conclude that demography can, in principle, be a legitimate consideration in deciding immigration policy, and its justification can be derived from the liberal justification of the right to national self-determination. However, the demographic consideration must be assigned its proper role and weight relative to other important liberal values such as equality and other human rights. I suggest that the demographic consideration might be legitimate only to the extent that it is not used to justify immigration policies that violate constitutional rights.I then discuss the Supreme Court decision concerning the constitutionality of the Citizenship and Entry into Israel Law. I demonstrate that, contrary to statements by the judges themselves, the demographic consideration played a key role in the opinions of several judges. It was, however, a hidden consideration. It was not openly acknowledged and discussed. Consequently, a careful examination and balancing of the demographic consideration could not take place. The result was that the actual influence of the demographic consideration on the outcome of the case was much stronger than can be reasonably justified according to liberal principles of justice.
15
Hüssy, Karin. "Review of western Baltic cod (Gadus morhua) recruitment dynamics." ICES Journal of Marine Science 68, no. 7 (June 6, 2011): 1459–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsr088.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Hüssy, K. 2011. Review of western Baltic cod (Gadus morhua) recruitment dynamics. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1459–1471. Important processes in the recruitment dynamics of western Baltic cod (Gadus morhua) are identified. Spawning areas are in the deep, saline waters below 20–40 m, depending on area topography. Spatial distribution remains relatively stable over time. Peak spawning shows an area-specific pattern, with progressively later spawning towards the east. Genetic stock structure and tagging indicate some degree of natal homing for spawning. The highly variable hydrodynamic conditions and the fact that cod eggs float in the water column cause their entrainment by currents, and their destination is determined by the prevailing winds and currents. Drift is almost exclusively to the east, but the magnitude and its impact on the structure of the affected stocks (Kattegat, western Baltic, and eastern Baltic) remains unresolved. Salinity limits the east–west exchange of eggs as a consequence of the stocks' differential requirement for neutral buoyancy. Superimposed on this, oxygen content and temperature have a significant effect on fertilization, egg/larva development, and survival. Within the Baltic Sea ecosystem, mixing of stocks may be anticipated and is particularly pronounced in the Arkona Basin because of its use for spawning by both western and eastern stocks, the advection of early life stages from the west and immigration/emigration from the east.
16
Cohen, Yinon, and Andrea Tyree. "Palestinian and Jewish Israeli-born Immigrants in the United States." International Migration Review 28, no. 2 (June 1994): 243–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839402800201.
Full textAbstract:
This article considers both Arab and Jewish emigration from Israel to the United States, relying on the 5 percent Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS) of the 1980 U.S. census. Using the ancestry and language questions to identify Jews and Arabs, we found that over 30 percent of Israeli-bom Americans are Palestinian-Arab natives of Israel, the West Bank, and Gaza Strip. While the Jews are of higher educational levels, hold better jobs and enjoy higher incomes than their Arab counterparts, both groups have relatively high socioeconomic characteristics. Both have high rates of self-employment, particularly the Palestinian-Arabs, who appear to serve as middlemen minority in the grocery store business in the cities where they reside. The fact that nearly a third of Israeli-born immigrants are Arabs accounts for the occupational diversity previously observed of Israelis in America but does not account for their income diversity as much as does differences between early and recent immigrants.
17
Grams, Grant W. "The Story of Josef Lainck: From German Emigrant to Alien Convict and Deported Criminal to Sachsenhausen Concentration Camp Inmate." Border Crossing 10, no. 2 (October 28, 2020): 175–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/bc.v10i2.1129.
Full textAbstract:
Josef Lainck, a German national emigrated to Canada in July 1927. He arrived in Quebec City and travelled west to Edmonton, Alberta where he became a burglar and shot a police officer. Lainck was arrested in November 1927 and deported to Germany in 1938, upon arrival he was arrested and interned in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp until April 1945. This article will examine Lainck’s emigration to Canada, arrest and deportation to Nazi Germany. Lainck’s case is illuminating as it reveals information on deportations from Canada and the Third Reich’s return migration program and how undesirables were treated within Germany. The Third Reich’s return migration plan encouraged returnees to seek their deportations as a method of return. Canadian extradition procedures cared little for the fate of foreign nationals expatriated to the country of their birth regardless of the form of government or the turmoil that plagued the nation. This work will compare Canadian to American deportation rates as an illustration of Canada’s harsh deportation criterion. In this article, the policies and practices of immigration and deportation are discussed within a framework of insecurity as a key driver for human mobility in the first half of the 20th century.
18
Kuruvilla, Samuel J. "Palestinian Christian Politics in Comparative Perspective: The Case of Jerusalem's Churches and the Indigenous Arab Christians." Holy Land Studies 10, no. 2 (November 2011): 199–228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/hls.2011.0015.
Full textAbstract:
The rapid development of the Palestinian national struggle from a rebel guerrilla movement in the 1960s and 1970s to an organisation with many of the attributes of an organised state in the 1980s and 1990s contributed to the politicisation of the Palestinian Christian church in Palestine-Israel. During this period, certain Israeli policies that included land confiscations, church and property destruction, building restrictions and a consequent mass emigration of the faithful, all contributed to a new restrictive climate of political intolerance being faced by the churches. The 1990s and 2000s saw the start and doom of the Oslo ‘peace process’ between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organisation as well as the fruition of many Israeli territorial and settlement policies regarding the Old City and mainly Arab-inhabited East Jerusalem as well as the West Bank of historic Palestine. Church-State relations plummeted to their lowest point in decades during this period. The results of the suspicion and distrust created by these experiences continue to dog the mutual relations of Israelis, Palestinian Christians and Muslims in the Holy Land.
19
Whitehead, Hal, and Tom Arnbom. "Social organization of sperm whales off the Galapagos Islands, February–April 1985." Canadian Journal of Zoology 65, no. 4 (April 1, 1987): 913–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z87-145.
Full textAbstract:
Between February and April 1985 sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) were tracked visually and acoustically in the waters west of the Galapagos Islands. Individuals were identified and measured photographically. Using statistical criteria the female and immature whales encountered were clustered into 13 groups with closed membership during the study period. These groups had a median estimated population of 19.5 animals each, and associated with one another at different times. The groups showed no significant immigration into or emigration from the study area during the study. Seven large males were identified. These associated with each other and the groups of females and immatures for periods lasting approximately 6 h. Individual males were found with different groups of females and immatures at different times. A simple model suggests that a male employing a "searching" strategy should encounter more oestrous females than the traditionally accepted "harem" holder when the interval between encountering groups of females is less than the duration of the females' oestrus. Neither the groups of females nor the mature males appeared to possess territories or preferred ranges within the study area. The number of large males encountered was considerably less than that expected if all large males were present on the breeding grounds, suggesting that males may not breed every year.
20
Lapidoth, Ruth, and Ofra Friesel. "Some Reflections on Israel's Temporary Legislation on Unification of Families." Israel Law Review 43, no. 2 (2010): 457–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700000832.
Full textAbstract:
In 2003 Israel adopted the Nationality and Entry into Israel (Provisional Measure) Law, 5763-2003. The Provisional Measure deals generally with entry into Israel; at first it dealt only with entry into Israel of residents of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, and later it was extended also to nationals and residents of Iran, Iraq, Lebanon and Syria. It is particularly relevant for cases of unification of families and immigration for the purpose of marriage.The following article offers a short summary of the law as it has been amended in 2005 and 2007, as well as its interpretation by the government (since 2008) and then examines its conformity with international law. The Provisional Measure involves a clash between the right of the individual to marry the person of his choice and establish a family on the one hand, and the right of the state to regulate freely immigration and entry into its territory on the other hand. Since international law has not established a right to family unification nor to immigration for the purpose of marriage, the right of the state prevails in this matter. Yet, the Provisional Measure deviates from international law in a different aspect, as it leads to a de facto discrimination, mostly of Israeli Arabs. This discrimination is not permitted by the Convention for the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination, to which Israel is a party. It is recommended that Israel amends the law in order to bring it into conformity with international law.
21
Abu el Naml, Hussein. "Population growth and demographic balance between Arabs and Jews in Israel and historic Palestine." Contemporary Arab Affairs 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17550910903488490.
Full textAbstract:
This paper examines the question of the respective percentage of Arab, Jewish, and ‘other’ populations in historic Palestine and Israel using Israeli statistics as correlated to historical events. Analysis of actual percentages demonstrates that birth rates of both Arabs and Jews from 1948 in Palestine/Israel have been in decline, and that for territory in the pre-1967 area, there is no demographic ‘danger’ of Arabs – both Christian and Muslim populations – outnumbering Israelis on the basis of natural population growth. An important factor is also Jewish immigration which has been factored into the overall growth rate. The official growth rate for the Arab population has been skewed due to the 1967 influx (in which populations from the West Bank began to be counted as resident in Jerusalem) as well as the annexation of the Golan Heights and several thousand fugitives from the disbanded South Lebanon Army entering in 2000; if such aberrations are taken into account, it can be shown that the natural growth rate among the Arab population is entirely average and family size is in general decline. On the other hand, if the population of Arabs living in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip is added to the total, it can be seen that the ratio of Arabs to Jews in all of historic Palestine increased from 8:10 to 9:10 and can be reasonably expected to create a situation where the total number of Arabs will surpass the number of Jews in the next ten years.
22
Kingsberg, Miriam. "Becoming Brazilian to Be Japanese: Emigrant Assimilation, Cultural Anthropology, and National Identity." Comparative Studies in Society and History 56, no. 1 (December 19, 2013): 67–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417513000625.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAssimilation makes new members of a group by changing particular characteristics of non-members to reflect the fundamentals of collective belonging. Gaining the qualities for inclusion in one community typically involves losing at least some features that confer acceptance in another. However, scholars have generally not acknowledged assimilation as a process of loss. In part, this gap bespeaks a larger tendency to overlook the influence of emigration on national identity in population-exporting states (compared to the vast literature on immigration and national identity in population-receiving countries). This article analyzes discourses of assimilation concerning Japanese emigrants as a case study of how the ways in which members are understood to leave the national community delimits the bases of belonging for those who remain. Historically, Japanese ideologies of assimilation have been most contested in Brazil, where the largest Japanese diaspora in the West sought to reconcile patriotism and the expectations of the Japanese government with local nation-building agendas. After World War II, many emigrants and their descendants in Brazil refused to acknowledge Japan's surrender. This crisis inspired the first study of the Japanese diaspora ever conducted by a Japan-based social scientist. Izumi Seiichi's work in cultural anthropology helped to build Japan's new identity as a “peace state.” Subsequent generations of Japanese scholars continued to study the assimilation of the diaspora, recategorized as “Nikkei,” as a foil for “Japaneseness.” Their ethnic conception of national membership remains influential today, even as Japan transitions from a population exporter to a land of immigrants, including the Nikkei.
23
Jasch, Hans-Christian. "State-Dialogue with Muslim Communities in Italy and Germany - The Political Context and the Legal Frameworks for Dialogue with Islamic Faith Communities in Both Countries." German Law Journal 8, no. 4 (April 1, 2007): 341–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200005642.
Full textAbstract:
Estimates of the number of Muslims in EU Member States vary widely, depending on the methodology and definitions used and the geographical limits imposed. Excluding Turkey and the Balkan-regions, researchers estimate that as many as 13 to 20 million Muslims live in the EU: That is about 3.5 - 4% of the total EU population. Muslims are the largest religious minority in Europe, and Islam is the continent's fastest growing religion. Substantial Muslim populations exist especially in Western European countries, including France, Germany, the United Kingdom, Spain, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium and the Scandinavian Countries. Europe's Muslim populations are ethnically diverse and Muslim immigrants in Europe hail from a variety of Middle Eastern, African, and Asian countries, as well as Turkey. Most Muslim communities have their roots in Western Europe's colonial heritage and immigration policies of the 1950s and 1960s used to counter labor shortages during the period of reconstruction after World War II. These policies attracted large numbers of North Africans, Turks, and Pakistanis. Furthermore, in recent years, there have been influxes of Muslim migrants and political refugees from other regions and countries, including the Balkans, Afghanistan, Iraq, Somalia, and the West Bank and Gaza Strip.
24
Daoud, Nihaya, Samira Alfayumi-Zeadna, and Yousef T. Jabareen. "Barriers to Health Care Services Among Palestinian Women Denied Family Unification in Israel." International Journal of Health Services 48, no. 4 (June 28, 2018): 776–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020731418783912.
Full textAbstract:
Family unification received public and political attention following recent global immigration crises, though less within health research. In Israel, under the Family Reunification Order, about 20,000 Palestinian women from the Occupied Palestinian Territories are denied residency and the right to universal health care services (HSC) after marrying Palestinian citizens and moving to Israel. To better understand the relationship between lacking residency and barriers to accessing HCS, we conducted in-depth interviews with 21 Palestinian women (ages 22–59) denied family unification. Our findings revealed that in addition to hindering access to HCS, lacking residency intersects with other political, social, and economic determinants of these women’s health and disrupts normal family life. Lacking residency intensifies poverty (via private health insurance and legal fees, permit extensions) and leads to family separations and risky crossings at military checkpoints into the West Bank for medical treatment. Restrictions on freedom of movement engender fear of deportation and precarity. Denial of residency also exacerbates gender inequality (increased dependence on husbands) and can endanger child custody when mothers’ lack of residency passes to children, violating children’s basic rights. Allowing family unification to Palestinian women would remove barriers to HCS access, allow normal family life, and permit social integration.
25
Al-Deen, Nadia Sa’d. "Educational and economic dimensions in the Israeli project against occupied Jerusalem." Contemporary Arab Affairs 10, no. 3 (July 1, 2017): 338–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17550912.2017.1358956.
Full textAbstract:
Emboldened by American partiality for the Israeli occupation and the feeble Arab-Islamic support for the Palestinian cause, Israel has been taking advantage, over the last five years, of the current events and changing conditions prevailing in the regional Arab system. The Israeli occupation authority employs the two contingent devices of education and the economy in occupied Jerusalem as a base for counter-action in its desperate effort to hit the collective political consciousness that demands terminating occupation, liberation and self-determination. The occupation authority in occupied Jerusalem has employed a systematic scheme to isolate the city from the rest of the West Bank territories. Their aim is to destroy its trade movement in order to tighten the loop of hegemony around the vital economic and social sectors, and to deprive the Palestinian Authority from returns of tourism. Life for the residents of the city has become complicated in every possible way, prompting them to abandon their city. All this would be a part of a ‘voluntary immigration’ policy as a prelude to Judaizing the city, evacuating its residents, replacing them with settlers and, ultimately, dropping the city off the partition claims. The measures adopted by the occupation authorities take advantage of the educational and economic dimensions and employ them as leverage for penetrating the articulating points of the resisting Jerusalemite society. This goal is being achieved by shaking the foundations of the educational system and by obstructing endeavours seeking to improve and propagate it. The occupation authority continued to perpetrate its scheme of ‘displacement/settlement’ when it recently expelled 100,000 Jerusalemites from their city. In light of the aforesaid, this research examines, as its main theme, the impact of putting the educational and economic dimensions to use in the Israeli project against occupied Jerusalem, on the fate of the city, and on the equation of the Arab–Israeli conflict. The paper also argues that it would be natural that a popular youth movement emerging in the face of Israel’s intransigence will nominate its own political leadership, dissociated from the political leadership of the Palestinian factions, so that insurrection can continue.
26
Pavlica, Branko. "Migrations from Yugoslavia to Germany: Migrants, emigrants, refugees and asylum-seekers." Medjunarodni problemi 57, no. 1-2 (2005): 121–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/medjp0502121p.
Full textAbstract:
Migrations from Yugoslavia to Germany have a long tradition. There have been various economic and social causes, and in some periods even political ones for that phenomenon. Taking into consideration the historical aspect and also the contemporary migration flows, the dynamics of migrations of the Yugoslav population to Germany has the following stages in its development. The first stage had begun in late XIX century and ended with the World War I. Although the overseas migration flows prevailed, yet the German agriculture and its mine industry attracted a part of the Yugoslav population. Between the two world wars mostly "Westfahl Slovenes" and Croats and Serbs from Bosnia-Herzegovina got "temporary employed" in the Rhine-Westfahl industrial area, along with several thousand Serb-Croat-Slovene agricultural seasonal workers per year. The second stage began immediately after the Second World War when most of about 200,000 citizens from the former Yugoslavia, being mostly refugees, moved from the West European to overseas countries, but some of them stayed in Germany. Involuntary migrants and refugees, however, returned in great number from Germany to Yugoslavia. At that stage non-extradition of war criminals on the part of the West occupying powers on German territory, then disregard of West German Governments of the anti-Yugoslav activities of the part of extreme Yugoslav emigration, and different interpretation of the bilateral agreement on extradition, became the essential problem in relations between SFR Yugoslavia and FR Germany. The third stage in development of migrations commenced in early 1960s. At that time, Germany and other Western countries became prominently immigrational, while since mid-1960s till 1973 economic emigrants from Yugoslavia became more and more important in the German economic space. From 1954 to 1967 migration of Yugoslav citizens had not yet been intensive and their intention was mostly to work abroad. Illegal employment was, however, prominent at that time. Due to the normalisation of political relations, re-establishment of diplomatic relations and conclusion of bilateral agreements that legally defined employment of foreign workers, since 1968 till 1973 a great number of Yugoslavs got employed in FR Germany. The contemporary migrations from FR Yugoslavia to Germany resulted from the economic and political crisis in the former SFRY as well as from the civil wars that were waged in the Yugoslav territory. FR Germany became the most important destination country of Yugoslav migrants - workers, refugees, false asylum-seekers and political emigrants. Different categories of migrants from Yugoslavia to Germany enjoy the treatment that is in accordance with the immigration policies of the German governments as well as with the degree of development of the German-Yugoslav political and economic relations, and the degree of the established co-operation in the field of legal assistance and social welfare. Migrant workers, who have legally regulated their employment and residence status, could in the future expect to gain assistance from their mother country in getting efficient protection of their rights and interests in all stages of the migration process. Numerous migrants asylum-seekers, in spite of the proclaimed international protection, share, however, the fate resulting from the politically motivated measures and actions taken by the German authorities within the arbitrary decision-making of the right and/or abuse of the right to asylum. This is the reason why as early as in late 1994 the Government of FRG announced that it would expel foreigners from the country. The remaining refugees, or actually the so-called false asylum-seekers in FR Germany, share the fate of forced repatriation. Within this category special emphasis should be placed on the attitude of the German government to the Albanians and Roma from Kosovo. At first, the Germans treated the Albanians from Kosovo as politically persecuted persons, offering them refuge. Then they declared them (and Roma also) to be false asylum-seekers and insisted on readmission - their gradual repatriation to Kosovo. Considering both positive and negative implications of the migration process, the key issue for the citizens from Serbia and Montenegro who live in Germany remains the following: maintenance of their national identity, cherishing of their mother tongue and culture, keeping up relations with their mother country, social gathering - in various associations, clubs and organisations, education in their mother tongue, what particularly includes comprehensive additional teaching for children in Serbian, as well as better information dissemination.