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Journal articles on the topic 'West Country (England)'
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1
Walton, J. "Crime, migration and social change in north-west England and the Basque country." British Journal of Criminology 39, no. 1 (1999): 90–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjc/39.1.90.
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Anderson, Virginia DeJohn, and Frank Thistlethwaite. "Dorset Pilgrims: The Story of West Country Pilgrims Who Went to New England in the 17th Century." Journal of American History 77, no. 3 (1990): 992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2079018.
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Steiner, Bruce E., and Frank Thistlethwaite. "Dorset Pilgrims: The Story of West Country Pilgrims Who Went to New England in the Seventeenth Century." New England Quarterly 64, no. 2 (1991): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/366131.
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kelly, ian. "Giffords Kitchen: It's a Circus." Gastronomica 8, no. 1 (2008): 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2008.8.1.18.
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Giffords' Circus in England has a cult following for its retro-chic evenings in big tops, for kids of all ages who happen upon them exclusively at the Hay Literary Festival and rural beauty spots in England's West Country and Wales. Famed also is the cooking; served al fresco after the circus show, with some of the cast, and by a chef who doubles as an acrobat. Not promising in food terms? On the contrary, Giffords travelling circus restaurant is at the vanguard of modern British cuisine: locally sourced, simple, healthy and in this case wildly sociable.
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Weir, David A., and Joyce Youings. "Ralegh's Country: The South West of England in the Reign of Queen Elizabeth I." Sixteenth Century Journal 18, no. 2 (1987): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2541205.
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WOODWARD, WALTER W. "Dorset Pilgrims: The Story of the West Country Pilgrims Who Went to New England in the Seventeenth Century." Connecticut History Review 31 (November 1, 1990): 77–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/44369333.
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Szentgáli-Tóth, Boldizsár. "‘The Hungary of the West’." DÍKÉ 2020, no. 2 (2021): 124–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15170/dike.2020.04.02.09.
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During the 19th century, several Irish authors looked for those smples from Europe, which might be inwoked during the targeted reconsideration of the Irish-British relationship. The Irish aim was to establish a dualist monarchy with Great Britain, or at least to achieve a broader autonomy within the Empire. For this purpose, Hungary was also often seen as a proper example, how a smaller nation could strenghten its position within a larger country. The Irish constitutional literature, and also the newspapers discussed the compromise between Austria and Hungary in 1867, and called for a similar agreement between Ireland and England to provide broader self-determination for Ireland. The study would outline the main arguments of these contemporary contributions, and would assess, how the real Hungarian development, and a mainly idealized image from Hungary influenced the Irish public discourse during that period. Special highlight would be given to a book published by Arthur Griffith, an important politician of that period, “The Resurrection of Hungary” which provided a detailed narrative from the Hungarian development, and used this sample as an argument in the particular Irish political context. Griffith was also one of the key figures of the negotiations in 1921, which lead finally to the agreement between Ireland and England, therefore, this Hungarian orientation had also clear practical impact. My purpose is to demonstrate this influence on the basis of the original, contemporary Irish sources.
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Smith, LK, R. Ahmad, and VG Langkamer. "Kinemax Knee Replacement in West on Super-Mare: Putting the Record Straight." Bulletin of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 94, no. 9 (2012): 308–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/147363512x13448516926108.
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In 2002 the government initiated an unprecedented investment in the NHS in England to reduce the waiting time for elective surgery. One of the means of meeting the objective was the development of treatment centres that provided additional capacity. A number of centres were developed across the country managed either within the NHS or in the independent sector. In 2010 the number of primary knee replacement procedures performed in the uK was 76,870, of which 2,456 (3.2%) were completed in NHS treatment centres.
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Flaherty, Ellen, and Kevin Biese. "THE IMPLEMENTATION OF GERIATRIC EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT ACCREDITATION (GEDA) IN RURAL CRITICAL ACCESS HOSPITALS." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (2022): 338. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.1334.
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Abstract The largely rural setting of Northern New England offers unique challenges to implementing improved acute care for the growing geriatric population. Northern New England is one of the United States’ most rapidly aging regions, with Vermont and New Hampshire being the second and third oldest US states respectively by median age (U.S. Census 2017). There is a need to expand innovations in geriatric emergency medicine to reach older adults in rural areas such as Northern New England. Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center and the West Health are collaborating on a project leveraging telehealth to extend the reach of a GED to rural hospitals, as well as investigate the opportunities for scaling and sustaining this concept to other rural facilities across Northern New England and throughout the country. This symposium will focus on our experience implementing a hub and spoke model to achieve our goal of improving the care of older adults in rural emergency departments.
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Mortimer, Ian. "Diocesan Licensing and Medical Practitioners in South-West England, 1660–1780." Medical History 48, no. 1 (2004): 49–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025727300007055.
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The licensing of provincial surgeons and physicians in the post-Restoration period has proved an awkward subject for medical historians. It has divided writers between those who regard the possession of a local licence as a mark of professionalism or proficiency, those who see the existence of diocesan licences as a mark of an essentially unregulated and decentralized trade, and those who discount the distinction of licensing in assessing medical expertise availability in a given region. Such a diversity of interpretations has meant that the very descriptors by which practitioners were known to their contemporaries (and are referred to by historians) have become fragmented and difficult to use without a specific context. As David Harley has pointed out in his study of licensed physicians in the north-west of England, “historians often define eighteenth-century physicians as men with medical degrees, thus ignoring … the many licensed physicians throughout the country”. One could similarly draw attention to the inadequacy of the word “surgeon” to cover licensed and unlicensed practitioners, barber-surgeons, Company members in towns, self-taught practitioners using surgical manuals, and procedural specialists whose work came under the umbrella of surgery, such as bonesetters, midwives and phlebotomists. Although such fragmentation of meaning reflects a diversity of practices carried on under the same occupational descriptors in early modern England, the result is an imprecise historical literature in which the importance of licensing, and especially local licensing, is either ignored as a delimiter or viewed as an inaccurate gauge of medical proficiency.
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Kelly, Peter, and Hans-Georg Kotthoff. "Comparing episodes of mathematics teaching for higher achievers in England and Germany." Research in Comparative and International Education 11, no. 4 (2016): 394–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745499916679572.
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To illustrate similarities and differences in lower secondary level mathematics teaching with higher achievers and thereby explore privileging processes, we contrast a teaching episode in Baden-Württemberg, Germany with one in South West England. These have been selected from a larger study as typical within each region for higher achieving students in the school year in which they become 12 years old. These episodes reflect the dominant discourses and recent policy initiatives in each country. Descriptions of the episodes are linked to wider debates about the ways education practices benefit some student groups, and potential areas for further exploration are identified.
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WOOD, ANDY. "BEYOND POST-REVISIONISM? THE CIVIL WAR ALLEGIANCES OF THE MINERS OF THE DERBYSHIRE ‘PEAK COUNTRY’." Historical Journal 40, no. 1 (1997): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x96006991.
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This essay challenges the established interpretation of the political allegiances of the miners of north-west Derbyshire. It shows that, far from being dominated by parliamentarian and puritan ideas in 1642, the miners were deeply divided in their response to the war. Both the king and the parliament were able to recruit troops from amongst the miners throughout the first civil war. From this, a broader critique of recent historical work on popular politics and popular allegiances before and during the English Revolution is mounted. It is argued that ‘post-revisionist’ and Marxian historians have deployed overly schematic and deterministic models of allegiance which frequently fail to reflect the complexity of popular responses to war and revolution in England in the 1640s.
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Davies, Owen. "Hag-riding in Nineteenth-century West Country England and Modern Newfoundland: An Exalllination of An Experience-centred Witchcraft Tradition." Folk Life 35, no. 1 (1996): 36–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/043087796798254443.
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Hinton, Ian. "Church Alignment and Patronal Saint's Days." Antiquaries Journal 86 (September 2006): 206–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003581500000111.
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The results of this survey of almost 1,500 rural churches do not support the oft-repeated idea that churches are aligned with their patronal saint's sunrise. In fact, they provide evidence that the churches specifically do not face different sunrises and that churches dedicated to saints with summer feast-days are aligned in the same direction as those dedicated to saints with winter feast-days. However, the results of the survey raise significant questions about other aspects of church alignment. A significant variation in alignment has been uncovered east to west across the country, with a difference of 10° in the mean alignment of churches between the west and east of England. Possible reasons for this are explored. In addition, churches built on sloping sites are found to have downhill-facing chancels. If the choice of site were random, churches would face uphill as well as down. The possible implications of this for church and village location are also explored.
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Meshcheryakov, A. N. "The perception of “insular” England in “insular” Japan." Japanese Studies in Russia, no. 1 (April 20, 2024): 98–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.55105/2500-2872-2024-1-98-110.
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The insular position has serious influence on history and mentality. However, this provision “works” only in conjunction with other factors. Japan and England are island nations, but the history of England is characterized by the maximum number of foreign contacts, while that of Japan, until the middle of the 19th century, by the minimum one. The passive approach to space in Tokugawa period is explained by the following factors: high productivity of rice cultivation, lack of livestock farming, the conviction that Japan has the best climate, and the “closed country” policy. During the Meiji period, under the influence of the West (primarily Great Britain), the attitude towards space changed radically. The sea was conceptualized as a “conducting,” rather than “isolating” environment. The choice of Great Britain as a role model was determined, first of all, by its experience in the conquest of maritime space and the creation of a powerful colonial empire. The transition to a new model of “expanding space” was also justified by references to ancient times, when the Japanese had an “active” character, but the “closed country” policy “spoiled” the Japanese. As a result of military victories over China (1894–1895) and Russia (1904–1905), Japan began to be called “England of the East.” Great Britain ceased to be a role model after its withdrawal from the Japanese-British Alliance Treaty in 1922, and public discourse was directed towards justifying the uniqueness of the Japanese. The established characterization of the Japanese as adherents of tradition is dubious. The appeal to antiquity was indeed of great importance for the Japanese and, in this sense, they can be considered “traditionalists.” But, after the Meiji Revolution, they demonstrated amazing ability to embrace the “new” and destroy the “old,” but often boasted that they were “merely” recollecting their past. The concept of “traditionality” is too broad. Upon closer examination it does not provide much for understanding historical and cultural processes which require careful division into components that have an exact chronological and situational reference.
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Moyo, Qubekani M., Martin Besser, Roderick Lynn, and Andrew M. L. Lever. "Persistence of Imported Malaria Into the United Kingdom: An Epidemiological Review of Risk Factors and At-risk Groups." Clinical Infectious Diseases 69, no. 7 (2018): 1156–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciy1037.
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Abstract Background The United Kingdom documented a decline of >30% in imported cases of malaria annually between 1996 and 2003; however, there are still approximately 1700 cases and 5–10 deaths each year. Prophylaxis health messages focus on families returning to their country of origin. Methods We reviewed 225 records of patients seen in Cambridge University Hospital Foundation Trust [CUHFT], a tertiary referral center in Cambridge, England. All records of patients seen in CUHFT between 2002–2016 were analyzed in the context of national figures from Public Health England. Results Between 2004–2016, there was no decrease in imported cases of malaria locally or nationally. Plasmodium falciparum remains responsible for most imported infections (66.7%); Plasmodium vivax contributed 15.1%, Plasmodium malariae 4%, and Plasmodium ovale 6.7%; 7.5% (17/225) of patients had an incomplete record. Most cases were reported in people coming from West Africa. Sierra Leone and the Ivory Coast had the highest proportions of travelers being infected at 8 and 7 per 1000, respectively. Visiting family in the country of origin (27.8%) was the commonest reason for travel. However, this was exceeded by the combined numbers traveling for business and holidays (22.5% and 20.1%, respectively). Sixty percent of patients took no prophylaxis. Of those who did, none of the patients finished their chemoprophylaxis regimen. Conclusions Significant numbers of travelers to malarious countries still take no chemoprophylaxis. Health advice about prophylaxis before travel should be targeted not only at those visiting family in their country of origin but also to those traveling for holiday and work.
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Hamil, Mustapha. "MOHAMED ZAFZAF'S AL-MARءA WA-L-WARDA OR THE VOYAGE NORTH IN THE POSTCOLONIAL ERA". International Journal of Middle East Studies 38, № 3 (2006): 417–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743806412411.
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In Culture and Imperialism, Edward Said considers the topos of the voyage North as one of the motifs in the “culture of resistance.” Traveling North is seen in this respect as a reversal of imperial and colonial history. When, for instance, Mustafa Saء ed in Tayeb Salih's Season of Migration to the North goes to England, his objective is to conquer—so he thinks—with his “penis” the country of his colonizer. The cultural encounter between Britain and the Arab–African nation of Sudan involves for Saءed a configuration of power in which the West is imagined as a woman to be raped in the same way colonial armies raped the virgin territories of the Orient and Africa.
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Winter, Eva, Christian Grovermann, Stefano Orsini, Francesco Solfanelli, and Joachim Aurbacher. "The Effects of Interventions Targeting Increased Organic Seed Use—The Cases of Perennial Ryegrass in England and Durum Wheat in Italy." Sustainability 13, no. 23 (2021): 13326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132313326.
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To meet policy goals targeting increasing the share of organic agriculture, an organic seed needs to be provided. Currently, this is far from being the case. This study investigates two cases of important crop country combinations in organic agriculture, namely perennial ryegrass in South-West England and durum wheat in Italy. A novel multi-agent value chain approach was developed to assess public and private-sector interventions aiming at increasing organic seed use. Phasing out of derogations for non-organic seed comes with 2–7% gross margin losses at the farm level. Seed producers and breeders profit by 9–24%. Mitigating measures can be subsidies of 28 €/ha or price premiums of 12 €/ton at the farm gate for durum wheat, in the case of durum wheat in Italy, and subsidies of 13 €/ha or price premiums of 70 €/ton for lamb meat, in the case of perennial ryegrass in England. Further mitigating measures are the promotion of farm-saved durum wheat seed and investments in breeding for better nitrogen efficiency in organic perennial ryegrass seed production.
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Nye, Caroline. "The ‘blind spot’ of agricultural research: Labour flexibility, composition and worker availability in the South West of England." Cahiers Agricultures 27, no. 3 (2018): 35002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/cagri/2018018.
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Agriculture in the UK faces a number of long-term challenges as the global marketplace continues to expand, world population grows, and an increasing pressure is exerted upon natural resources. It needs to ensure its place as a competitive, resilient, and environmentally sustainable industry both locally and in the global arena. A key constraint which ties in with all of the above is the availability of labour. Both governmental departments in their statistical analyses of agriculture in the country, as well as academic research, largely ignore the existence of certain actors performing farm labour who are not the farmer, particularly agricultural contractors, and as a result, have missed the emergence of significant patterns occurring within the farm workforce. Accuracy of data concerning labour use in agriculture has, therefore, been extremely limited. This paper identifies the composition of labour on farm holdings in the South West of England today and recognises the increasing prevalence of flexible labour sources. It determines both current and anticipated future staffing needs of the holdings studied, which provides an indicator as to the gravity of agriculture’s labour crisis in the South West.
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ISBĂȘOIU, Iulian, and Nicoleta STANCA. "Grigore Nandriș. Bridging the East and the West through the History of Language, Culture, Religion." DIALOGO 8, no. 1 (2021): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.51917/dialogo.2021.8.1.11.
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In a recent context in which Romania is confronted with the problem of emigration, this article portrays the life and works of Grigore Nandriș (1895-1968), university professor and patriot, who offers an example of devotion to his profession and country that could be set as a standard for all the following generations. He defended Romania in the war, as a soldier, and then at home in the academia, at the University of Chernivtsi and abroad, in France, at the Romanian School at Fontenay-aux-Roses, and in England, at the School of Slavonic and East European Studies, University of London. Brilliant linguist, speaking 14 foreign languages, he left a considerable amount of books, articles, reviews, conferences on linguistics, folklore, religion, and culture, being mainly interested in establishing links between language and place and culture and neighbouring nations. And above all, Grigore Nandriș’s personality remains a landmark among scholars in his field and colleagues, friends, students, and followers, who admired his devotedness to the Romanian cause abroad.
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Wanjing, LIANG. "The Exotic Country in the Quarrel of the Ancients and the Moderns: Images of China in the Battle of the Books." International Journal of Sino-Western Studies, no. 25 (November 30, 2023): 32–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37819/ijsws.25.1755.
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Preceded by Renaissance, followed by Enlightenment, the Quarrel of the Ancients and the Moderns, as an important cultural and intellectual event in European minds, has not received the attention it deserves. The Quarrel of the Ancients and the Moderns which happened in 1690s England, also known as the Battle of the Books. In the battle about the superiority of ancient culture or modern culture in the West, China as an exotic country of the East was repeatedly mentioned, and in the polemical writings between Sir William Temple and William Wotton, China was given two entirely different faces: "Politically Prominent China" and "Pagan China". By analyzing the state of Chinese knowledge and the mechanism of image production in the polemical writings of British intellectuals, this paper discusses the role and ideological function played by the image of China in Enlightenment Britain, and then deliberates the construction of the British state, religious consciousness, and reflexive subject in the Early Modern period.
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Jørgensen, Anja, Mia Arp Fallov, Maria Casado-Diaz, and Rob Atkinson. "Rural Cohesion: Collective Efficacy and Leadership in the Territorial Governance of Inclusion." Social Inclusion 8, no. 4 (2020): 229–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v8i4.3364.
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This article is a comparative study of the contextual conditions for collective efficacy and territorial governance of social cohesion in two different rural localities: West Dorset in England and Lemvig in Denmark. The objective is to understand the conditions for and relations between neo-endogenous development and rural social cohesion in two different national contexts. Common to both cases are problems of demographic change, particularly loss of young people, depopulation, economic challenges and their peripheral location vis-à-vis the rest of the country. However, in West Dorset, community identity is fragmented compared to Lemvig, and this has consequences for how well local ‘collective efficacy’ (Sampson, 2012) transfers to more strategic levels of local development. These include not only variations in welfare settings and governance, but also variations in settlement structure and place identity (Jørgensen, Knudsen, Fallov, & Skov, 2016), collective efficacy, and the role of local leadership (Beer & Clower, 2014), which structure the conditions for rural development. While Lemvig is characterized by close interlocking relations between local government, business and civil society, this is less the case in England where centralization of powers in tandem with a dramatic restructuring of service delivery forms (e.g., contracting out, privatisation) have had damaging effects on these types of interlocking relations. Comparing these cases through the lens of the combined concepts of collective efficacy and place based leadership contribute to the understanding of rural development as not only relations between intra- and extra-local connections but also formal and informal forms of collective action and leadership.
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Fukuzawa, Naomi Charlotte. "Autoexotic Literary Encounters between Meiji Japan and the West: Sōseki Natsume's “The Tower of London” (1905) and Lafcadio Hearn's Kwaidan (1904)." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 132, no. 2 (2017): 447–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2017.132.2.447.
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As Roland Barthes's epoch-making essay Empire of Signs suggests, in a slightly orientalist tone itself, modern japanese culture is a fascinating kaleidoscope of Eastern and Western cultures, but at the same time a strong purism is inherent in its aestheticized nationalism. In this essay, I offer a comparative literary analysis of select travel writings that emerge out of Japanese-European encounters in the Meiji era (1868–1912) to show the cultural dynamism of the time, after the Edo period (1603–1852), when Japan first opened its borders to the West. My analysis of Japan of that time as an Eastern-Western contact zone is based on Homi Bhabha's notion of cultural hybridity and Mary Louise Pratt's understanding of a cultural encounter in an asymmetrical power constellation. Japan has never been a colony, escaping Western imperialism through the (sakoku; “closed country”) policy of the shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu, who banned all Christian missionaries and Western foreigners from the insular empire. In the Meiji modernization in 1868, the old samurai elites imported select reforms from Western Europe, notably from England, France, and Germany, to Japan. This is why Yōichi Komori claimed that Japan is a “self-colonized” () culture (Posutokoroniaru 8). Through the Meiji elite's adoption of certain modern ways from Germany, France, England, and the United States, an “imitative modernity” came into being.
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KOZAN, Mert. "BÜYÜK ALFRED DÖNEMİ ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME." TOBIDER - International Journal of Social Sciences 6, no. 1 (2022): 146–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.30830/tobider.sayi.10.7.
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Alfred the Great is King of Wessex, reigning from 871 to 899. Alfred successfully defended his country against the the invasion and pilage attempt of Vikings and became the most powerful monarch in England until his death. Alfred is one of two British monarchs to hold the title of "Great". The other ruler with this title is Knud the Great, who Scandinavian origin. He was the first king to describe himself not only as the "King of the West Saxons" but als as the "King of the Anglo-Saxons" as a completly. Alfred the Great draws attention as one of the rare medieval figures whose popularity still continues today with his actions. Alfred's influence continued through the ages and was directly associated with British imperialism by some authors. Cultural and administrative developments during the reign of Alfred the Great attracted the attention of many authors. Alfred was famous as a merciful, gracious king who loved to learn, reorganized the legal system and military structure of his country with his reforms, and improved the quality of life of the people. Alfred made incentives for the dissemination of education in his country. However, he preferred English, not Latin, as the language of education in the country. The main purpose of our article is to provide a brief perspective on Alfred's life.
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Ogoke, Chinedu. "The Easy Road to the Rewriting of European Slavery and Colonization of the African People." South Asian Research Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 6, no. 02 (2024): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.36346/sarjhss.2024.v06i02.004.
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People from Nigeria were thrown to different corners of the world in the course of slavery. The dispersal curiously created financial enduring financial fortunes for European states and their people. Many of the slaves were assembled in today’s United States of America. The Europeans returned to force their way into the communities of the Africans in the name of colonialism. Great wealth transfer occurred, which continues to this day. What is usually not mentioned is the destruction of the local people’s cultures that took place. England stage-managed a war in Nigeria; a war designed to permanently plant English foot in Nigeria. Nigeria became the kitchen for crude oil to service English lifestyle and industries. The weight of English economic program in Nigeria is too much for the natives to bear. Nigeria is further reduced to a beggar colony. The outcome is also a hopeless citizenry seeking succour in England and other parts of the world. There are deficiencies noticed in all aspects of Nigerian life. Unfortunately, there is increasing defence among Nigerians of the role of England in the predicament of Nigeria, thus throwing open the debate on colonisation. This work identifies English roles in Nigeria’s and correctly lays the blame on the West, especially England. Popular assumptions by many British people that their country is not appreciated for civilizing the Nigerians is gaining support from the young people in Nigeria. The purpose of the essay is also to initiate a vigorous re-education of young people on the subject matter. The work is influenced by debates this writer followed on Facebook. Books, newspaper and journal articles are the sources of the materials used for this essay.
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Hewlett, S. A., G. K. Amoah, P. Donkor, et al. "Postgraduate Dental Education in Ghana: Past, Present and Future." Postgraduate Medical Journal of Ghana 3, no. 1 (2022): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.60014/pmjg.v3i1.58.
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The origins of formal postgraduate dental education in Ghana may be traced to 1986, when three dental surgeons, who had passed a Ministry of Health qualifying examination, were enrolled in the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital. This was to enable them prepare for both the primary examinations of the Royal College of Surgeons of England and the West African College of Surgeons. Twenty-six years later, the Ghana College of Physicians and Surgeons, which is only ten years old, has produced sixteen Members and recently, two Fellows. The West African College of Surgeons (WACS), on the other hand, is yet to produce its first batch of Ghanaian Fellows by examination following training in Ghana, although it has been holding examinations since 1988. With the establishment of two dental schools in Ghana, and the resultant improvement in retention of dental graduates in the country, the need and demand for postgraduate dental education has become pressing. No known review of postgraduatedental education has been carried out in Ghana. This paper seeks to give a historical overview of postgraduate dental education in Ghana and to describe its current status.
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CARTWRIGHT, KEITH. "11. The Stonehouse survey Cartwright KAV, Stuart JM, Jones DM, Noah ND. Epidemiol Infect 1987; 99: 591–601." Epidemiology and Infection 133, S1 (2005): S37—S39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268805004310.
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The Stonehouse meningitis survey took place in 1986 [1]. The context was a substantial and highly focal outbreak of meningococcal disease affecting the population of southern Gloucestershire and particularly the town of Stroud and its adjacent communities – a population of some 90000 individuals in the west of England. Almost all cases of meningococcal disease were due to a serogroup B, type 15, subtype P1.7,16 sulphonamide-resistant strain that had not been documented in Gloucestershire (and only rarely in the United Kingdom) prior to 1982, the first year of the outbreak. As is often the case at the start of an outbreak of meningococcal disease in a temperate country, the attack rate rose particularly in older children. For the population of Stroud as a whole the meningococcal disease attack rate rose from approximately 1·0 cases per 105 to approximately 8 per 105 population.
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Grace Chien, Y. "Studying Abroad in Britain: Advantages and Disadvantages." Journal of Research in International Education 19, no. 1 (2020): 69–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475240920916944.
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There are two sides to every door. This research investigated the advantages and disadvantages of studying abroad at a university in south west England through a sequential exploratory mixed methods design. Except for slight differences in ranking of the perceived top study abroad benefits, interview and survey findings regarding advantages were mostly consistent, suggesting that study abroad issues are generally double-edged to include both positive and negative effects, including for one-year Masters programmes in Britain. In terms of employment advantage, instead of a traditionally so-called ‘Western’ or ‘Eastern’ country of origin commonly stated in existing studies, this research suggests that the degree of economic development seems to be strongly related to differences in international students’ homeland employment opportunities. Finally, advantages rather than disadvantages of study abroad experiences were reported more strongly by research participants throughout the study.
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Davis, Oliver, and Niall Sharples. "EARLY NEOLITHIC ENCLOSURES IN WALES: A REVIEW OF THE EVIDENCE IN LIGHT OF RECENT DISCOVERIES AT CAERAU, CARDIFF." Antiquaries Journal 97 (September 2017): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003581517000282.
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Causewayed enclosures have recently been at the forefront of debate within British and European Neolithic studies. In the British Isles as a whole, the vast majority of these monuments are located in southern England, but a few sites are now beginning to be discovered beyond this core region. The search in Wales had seen limited success, but in the 1990s a number of cropmark discoveries suggested the presence of such enclosures west of the River Severn. Nonetheless, until now only two enclosures have been confirmed as Neolithic in Wales – Banc Du (in Pembrokeshire) and Womaston (in Powys) – although neither produced more than a handful of sherds of pottery, flint or other material culture. Recent work by the authors at the Iron Age hillfort of Caerau, Cardiff, have confirmed the presence of another, large, Early Neolithic causewayed enclosure in the country. Excavations of the enclosure ditches have produced a substantial assemblage of bowl pottery, comparable with better-known enclosures in England, as well as ten radiocarbon dates. This paper provides a complete review of the evidence for Neolithic enclosures in Wales, and discusses the chronology and context of the enclosures based on the new radiocarbon dates and material assemblages recovered from Caerau.
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Rembielak, Grażyna. "Insights into the choice and decision making to study at a selected British university in the example of Polish students at the university global fair in Poland." Annals of Marketing Management & Economics 1, no. 2 (2015): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/amme.2015.1.2.16.
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The paper investigates what motivates Polish students to study in the UK. The research is based on Polish students who attended the University Global Fair in Warsaw, Poland in 2015, and were inclined to study at one British university in north-west England. The paper examines these students’ motivation for their choice and investigates their decision-making process in this case. According to the literature, two main types of factors influence students’ decision-making process: push and pull factors. Push factors are created by the students’ country of origin, and are the ones that persuade them to move abroad. Pull factors, in turn, are those which operate within the host country and encourage students to consider it as their new residence Though the UK is one of the main destinations to study for Polish students, little research has been done on this particular group. That gap created the opportunity for the present investigation, for which I interviewed a group of students. Their answers indicate that, contrary to what a number of other studies have suggested, pull factors could be more important in influencing Polish students to study at British universities.
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Howes, Seth. "DIY, im Eigenverlag: East German Tamizdat LPs." German Politics and Society 35, no. 2 (2017): 26–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/gps.2017.350203.
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Between 1983 and 1989, as the two German pop music industries continued to license one another’s properties, and Amiga continued releasing American and British records, five long-playing records were released by independent labels based in Western Europe that contained music recorded in the German Democratic Republic. They were then smuggled out of the country rather than formally licensed for release abroad. Existing outside the legal framework underlying the East German record industry, and appearing in small pressings with independent labels in West Germany and England, these five tamizdat LPs represent intriguing reports from the margins on the mutual entanglement of the two Germanies’ pop music industries. Closely examining these LPs’ genesis and formal aspects, this article explores how independent East German musicians framed their own artistic itineraries with respect to (or in opposition to) the commercial pop circuit, as they worked across borders to self-release their music.
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Leustean, Lucian N. "Religious Diplomacy and Socialism." East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 22, no. 1 (2008): 7–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325407311786.
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This article analyzes the relationship between the Orthodox Church and the communist regime during one of the most intense periods of religious persecution in the Romanian People's Republic from 1956 to 1959. The church hierarchy demonstrated its support for the socialist construction of the country, while, at the same time, the regime began a campaign against religion by arresting clergy and reducing the number of religious people in monasteries; rumours even circulated that in 1958 Patriarch Justinian was under house arrest. Seeking closer contact with Western Europe, the regime allowed the hierarchy to meet foreign clergymen, especially from the Church of England. These diplomatic religious encounters played a double role. The regime realised that it could benefit from international ecclesiastical relations, while the image of Justinian in the West changed from that of “red patriarch” to that of a leader who was genuinely interested in his church's survival.
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Gibson, Stephen. "Constructions of ‘the Polish’ in Northern England: Findings From a Qualitative Interview Study." Journal of Social and Political Psychology 3, no. 2 (2015): 43–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/jspp.v3i2.414.
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The enlargement of the European Union in 2004 gave rise to moral panics concerning the likelihood of mass migration from the new eastern European member states to established member states in the west. A great deal of social and political science research has examined the ongoing impact of the enlargement, but there remains a gap in the literature regarding the ways in which members of ‘receiving’ populations reacted to these changes. The present paper reports findings from a qualitative interview study of 14-16 year-olds conducted in northern England. It focuses on how migrants from one particular country – Poland – were constructed by participants. Drawing on previous analyses of immigration and racist discourse, the study points to some ways in which Polish migrants and migration were constructed, and how complaints against ‘the Polish’ were formulated. The analysis focusses on four key issues: employment and the economy; language and culture; threat and intimidation; and physical stereotyping. It is suggested that constructions of ‘the Polish’ draw on the tropes of both ‘old’ and ‘new’ racism, and that attention to the use of deixical ingroup referents (‘us’, ‘we’, ‘our’) in contrast to the explicit labelling of the outgroup (‘the Polish’) can be understood in terms of the requirement to present complaints concerning migrant groups via appeals to assumed universal standards of behaviour and civility.
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Goirizelaia, Maialen, Leire Iturregui, and Annette Unda. "Basque Food." Diaspora Studies 15, no. 2 (2022): 209–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/09763457-01502001.
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Abstract This study looks at Basque migrants in the United States and shows how different geographical locations there attracted different groups of migrants over time and how the immigrants organised themselves as a diaspora community and maintained their identity. Emigration from the Basque Country to the United States began during the Gold Rush in 1848; since then there have been multiple, distinct waves of immigration. The study’s results are based on in-depth interviews with Basque Americans and a survey. We analysed Basque communities in the Far West, New England, the Mid-Atlantic states, North Carolina and Florida, and found that Basque food is the most common factor by which Basque migrants maintain their identity, regardless of state, place or generation. Even so, there are differences among communities, which distinguish them from each other. Consequently, in order to connect with the diaspora and create diaspora strategies, governments should take these differences into account.
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Hickey, Raymond. "Present and future horizons for Irish English." English Today 27, no. 2 (2011): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078411000150.
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The English language was first taken to Ireland in the late twelfth century and enjoyed a modest position in late medieval Irish society, a position which betrayed no sign of the later dominance of English in Ireland as in so many countries to which the language was taken during the period of English colonialism. The fate of the English language after initial settlement was determined by the existence of Irish and Anglo-Norman as widely spoken languages in the country. Irish was the continuation of forms of Celtic taken to Ireland in the first centuries BCE and the native language of the great majority of the population at the time settlers from Britain first arrived in Ireland. Anglo-Norman was the form of French used by the nobility in England and particularly in the marches of south and south-west Wales, the region from which the initial settlers in the south-east of Ireland came.
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Denish Raja Durai. K and Dr. N. Lakshmi Priya. "Hardy’s Wessex: An Imaginary-Literary-Topography." Creative Launcher 4, no. 1 (2019): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.53032/tcl.2019.4.1.13.
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Geo - (topo) graphically Hardy’s Wessex is located on the West Country of England and lying south of the Thames and the Bristol Channel. The invention of “Wessex” is described by hardy in his preface to Far from the Madding Crowd in which, he first re- introduced the old word to give territorial definition. Travelling into Hardy, I wish to argue that place ought to receive special attention. Most of the writers have written their works with deep concerned with their native special attention. Place needs to be understood as something local, regional and real, despite the complexities and difficulties involved in the use of such terms. Generally, places themselves could have the sort of centrality in literary studies that has more frequently been given to notions such as author, character, text, historical context and narration etc. This paper wants to Geo - (topo) graphically appreciates the correspondence between Wessex and Hardy’s relationship in an imaginary and cartographical mode.
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Coulman, Karen D., Ruta Margelyte, Tim Jones, et al. "Access to publicly funded weight management services in England using routine data from primary and secondary care (2007–2020): An observational cohort study." PLOS Medicine 20, no. 9 (2023): e1004282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1004282.
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Background Adults living with overweight/obesity are eligible for publicly funded weight management (WM) programmes according to national guidance. People with the most severe and complex obesity are eligible for bariatric surgery. Primary care plays a key role in identifying overweight/obesity and referring to WM interventions. This study aimed to (1) describe the primary care population in England who (a) are referred for WM interventions and (b) undergo bariatric surgery and (2) determine the patient and GP practice characteristics associated with both. Methods and findings An observational cohort study was undertaken using routinely collected primary care data in England from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink linked with Hospital Episode Statistics. During the study period (January 2007 to June 2020), 1,811,587 adults met the inclusion criteria of a recording of overweight/obesity in primary care, of which 54.62% were female and 20.10% aged 45 to 54. Only 56,783 (3.13%) were referred to WM, and 3,701 (1.09% of those with severe and complex obesity) underwent bariatric surgery. Multivariable Poisson regression examined the associations of demographic, clinical, and regional characteristics on the likelihood of WM referral and bariatric surgery. Higher body mass index (BMI) and practice region had the strongest associations with both outcomes. People with BMI ≥40 kg/m2 were more than 6 times as likely to be referred for WM (10.05% of individuals) than BMI 25.0 to 29.9 kg/m2 (1.34%) (rate ratio (RR) 6.19, 95% confidence interval (CI) [5.99,6.40], p < 0.001). They were more than 5 times as likely to undergo bariatric surgery (3.98%) than BMI 35.0 to 40.0 kg/m2 with a comorbidity (0.53%) (RR 5.52, 95% CI [5.07,6.02], p < 0.001). Patients from practices in the West Midlands were the most likely to have a WM referral (5.40%) (RR 2.17, 95% CI [2.10,2.24], p < 0.001, compared with the North West, 2.89%), and practices from the East of England least likely (1.04%) (RR 0.43, 95% CI [0.41,0.46], p < 0.001, compared with North West). Patients from practices in London were the most likely to undergo bariatric surgery (2.15%), and practices in the North West the least likely (0.68%) (RR 3.29, 95% CI [2.88,3.76], p < 0.001, London compared with North West). Longer duration since diagnosis with severe and complex obesity (e.g., 1.67% of individuals diagnosed in 2007 versus 0.34% in 2015, RR 0.20, 95% CI [0.12,0.32], p < 0.001), and increasing comorbidities (e.g., 2.26% of individuals with 6+ comorbidities versus 1.39% with none (RR 8.79, 95% CI [7.16,10.79], p < 0.001) were also strongly associated with bariatric surgery. The main limitation is the reliance on overweight/obesity being recorded within primary care records to identify the study population. Conclusions Between 2007 and 2020, a very small percentage of the primary care population eligible for WM referral or bariatric surgery according to national guidance received either. Higher BMI and GP practice region had the strongest associations with both. Regional inequalities may reflect differences in commissioning and provision of WM services across the country. Multi-stakeholder qualitative research is ongoing to understand the barriers to accessing WM services and potential solutions. Together with population-wide prevention strategies, improved access to WM interventions is needed to reduce obesity levels.
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Menlo, Allen, and Pam Poppleton. "A Five‐country Study of the Work Perceptions of Secondary School Teachers in England, the United States, Japan, Singapore and West Germany (1986‐88)." Comparative Education 26, no. 2-3 (1990): 172–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0305006900260203.
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Poulter, Sebastian. "African Customs in an English Setting: Legal and Policy Aspects of Recognition." Journal of African Law 31, no. 1-2 (1987): 207–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855300009335.
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Although there are no reliable, detailed official figures as to the present ethnic composition of the population of Great Britain, a recent survey by the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys has estimated that the number of Africans settled here is just over 100,000. Many more, of course, arrive in Britain each year as students or visitors. Indeed, in 1986 the volume of visitors from Nigeria and Ghana was considered by the British Government to be placing such burdens on immigration officials at the ports of entry that it was felt necessary to alter the immigration rules; people coming from those two countries now have to be in possession of visas before they arrive in the United Kingdom.The presence of a significant number of Africans in England today is nothing new. There were at least 10,000 here in the late eighteenth century and possibly as many as 30,000, at a time when the total population of the country was only about a sixth of what it is today. West African slaves were brought to England from the 1570s onward. Most of them were used as household servants, often by the aristocracy, and some were employed as court entertainers. Indeed, at the beginning of the sixteenth century Henry VII had a black trumpeter (of uncertain origin) in his retinue. Much earlier, Africans served as soldiers in the Roman legions which occupied Britain during the first four centuries A.D.
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Struthers, Alison E. C. "The Great Anglo-Scottish Human Rights Divide." Scottish Affairs 31, no. 1 (2022): 21–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/scot.2022.0395.
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There arguably exists something of a great human rights divide stretching across the ninety-six miles of the Anglo-Scottish border from the Solway Firth on the west coast to the town of Lamberton in the east. As Scotland appears to take impressive strides forward in human rights implementation, England seems to lag ever further behind international best practice. But how can two countries so closely linked in central governance display such seemingly divergent attitudes and approaches to human rights? This article seeks to explore this apparent polarisation in more detail and to investigate the factors that might be underlying it. In particular, it questions whether Scotland is more progressive when it comes to human rights because the people are more accepting of human rights as a concept worth upholding, or whether this ostensible national acceptance of human rights is instead clever political posturing on the part of the Scottish Government to paint a picture of a country that differs to such an extent from its southern neighbour that it really ought to be independent.
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Rubin, Gerry R. "Judicial Free Speech versus Judicial Neutrality in Mid-Twentieth Century England: The Last Hurrah for the Ancien Regime?" Law and History Review 27, no. 2 (2009): 373–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248000002042.
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In mid-1950s Britain two significant events occurred in respect of the doctrine of judicial neutrality in that country. In the first, the Lord Chancellor of the day, Lord Simonds, had refused permission for the experienced and well-known senior judge advocate, Lord Russell of Liverpool, to publish his sensational history of Nazi war crimes,The Scourge of the Swastika, so long as he (Russell) continued to hold judicial office. For Simonds was insistent that the judiciary must keep their counsel on virtuallyanymatter outside the courtroom, a view shared both by his immediate Labour government predecessor, Lord Jowitt, and by his Conservative government successor, Lord Kilmuir. After a public standoff when neither side would give way, the deadlock was broken when Russell, rather than risk being sacked for disobedience, chose to resign his judicial office to a fanfare of publicity in the press and duly published his book shortly thereafter. Moreover, what lent the Russell confrontation an added edge was not just Simonds's complaint that the book could be perceived as anti-German and, therefore, as political. It was that publication at that time could have a damaging effect upon Britain's policy of rehabilitating West Germany within the Western alliance.
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Molloy, S., C. Holland, and M. O'Regan. "Population biology ofPomphorhynchus laevisin brown trout from two lakes in the west of Ireland." Journal of Helminthology 69, no. 3 (1995): 229–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x00014188.
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AbstractSince Ireland is the only country in whichPomphorhynchus laevis(Acanthocephala) uses brown trout(Salmo trutta) as its preferred definitive host, the population biology of the parasite in this host was investigated thus enabling a comparison to be made with data collected onP laevisfrom other hosts, particularly the cyprinids, chub and barbel. Over a period of 12 months, 549 brown trout were caught from two lakes, Lough Feeagh and Bunaveela Lake, in the Burrishoole River system, Co. Mayo, Ireland. The parasite component community was dominated by a single species,P laevis. Fifty eight percent of the trout sample were infected with the acanthocephalan and the mean abundance (± SD) was 3.1 ± 5.1. The relationships between the prevalence and abundance ofP laevisand season and site of host capture and host age and sex were explored. As single factors none of these parameters emerged as significant contributors to changes in parasite abundance although some interaction terms proved to the significant. A random sample of over 700P laevisparasites were subjected to further investigation and their size, position in the intestine and maturity status are described. Parasites attained an average weight of 7 mg and occupied the posteriad positions within the fish intestine(77%). Parasites from this sample of Irish brown trout attained a similar average size to those found in chub and barbel from England. 42.3% of the total parasites examined contained ovarian balls only and 17% contained fully mature acanthors. Therefore only a moderate proportion of female worms contained mature acanthors in these trout whereas the majority of worms recovered from a sample of chub were gravid. Utilizing a logistic regression model, parasite size, season, and site of host capture emerged as particularly significant factors which contribute to whether a parasite contains mature eggs.
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Wrigley, E. A. "THE DIVERGENCE OF ENGLAND: THE GROWTH OF THE ENGLISH ECONOMY IN THE SEVENTEENTH AND EIGHTEENTH CENTURIES." Transactions of the Royal Historical Society 10 (December 2000): 117–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0080440100000062.
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AbstractTHAT something remarkable was happening in England in the quarter millennium separating the late sixteenth century from the early nineteenth is plain. In Elizabeth I's reign the Spanish Armada was perceived as a grave threat: the English ships were scarcely a match for the Spanish, and the weather played a major part in the deliverance of the nation. By the later eighteenth century the Royal Navy was unchallenged by the naval forces of any other single country, and during the generation of war which followed the French revolution, it proved capable of controlling the seas in the face of the combined naval forces mustered by Napoleon in an attempt to break the British oceanic stranglehold. Growing naval dominance was a symbol of a far more pervasive phenomenon. In the later sixteenth century England was not a leading European power and could exercise little influence over events at a distance from its shores. The Napoleonic wars showed that, even when faced by a coalition of countries occupying the bulk of Europe west of Russia and led by one of the greatest of military commanders, Britain possessed the depth of resources to weather a very long war, enabling her to outlast her challenger and secure a victory. The combination of a large and assertive Navy and dominant financial and commercial strength meant that, in the early decades of the nineteenth century, Britain was able to impose her will over large tracts of every continent. But her dominance did not grow out of the barrel of a gun. It derived chiefly from exceptional economic success: it grew out of the corn sack, the cotton mill, and the coal mine.
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Kodera, T. James. "Uchimura Kanzō and his ‘No Church Christianity’: Its Origin and Significance in Early Modern Japan." Religious Studies 23, no. 3 (1987): 377–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003441250001893x.
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Debate over indigenization of Christianity continues in earnest even after the waning of the missionary zeal of the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century, set afire in no small measure by the wave of Great Awakening that swept New England and beyond. The context in which the Gospel of Christ is to be heard anew has ceased to be the God forsaken lands of heathens but is now one in which new challenges have emerged, ranging widely from Marxism and Islam, scientific scepticism and technological revolution, to urbanization and the rise of the ‘Third World’. In a country where since the early seventeenth century the Christians have scarcely numbered more than half of one percent of the population, the Gospel continues to intrigue the inquiring minds and the tired souls of the Japanese, particularly among the educated for many of whom the initial exposure to Christianity was through schooling or personal cultural enrichment. While many have regarded Christianity as a passage to Western culture and civilization when Japan still held the West in awe, worthy of emulation, others have taken upon themselves a more sobering, if troubling to some, task of inquiring whether the teaching of Christ could be the spiritual and social force to redeem and to transform the Japanese without relinquishing, if possible, but rather affirming the integrity of their own heritage. In no other country has a religious tradition exerted influence so far out of pro-portion to its membership as has Christianity in modern Japan.
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Denholm, I., M. G. Franco, P. G. Rubini, and M. Vecchi. "Geographical variation in house-fly (Musca domestica L.) sex determinants within the British Isles." Genetical Research 47, no. 1 (1986): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016672300024460.
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SummaryGenetic and cytological analyses of house-flies collected from 12 pig-breeding farms throughout the British Isles demonstrated that the non-standard sex determination mechanism prevailing in South-East England, involving a dominant female determinant (F) and virtual homozygosity for a male determinant on the X chromosome (Xm, both males and females morphologically XX), was not typical of the country as a whole. Instead there was a gradual decrease in the frequency of F, Xm and a rarer male determinant M III, and a concomitant increase in the standard male determining Y chromosome, on moving north, east and west of this region. Only the Scottish and probably the Irish populations were fully standard (XX females XY males), although one from the East Anglian coast in which non-standard determinants were rare was predominantly of this type. Populations from intermediate areas possessed complex multifactorial mechanisms in which Y, F Xm and M III coexisted. It is hypothesized that this radial cline in sex determinants, like the latitudinal cline known from mainland Europe, represents a transient polymorphism caused by the recent and continuing invasion of non-standard determinants into originally standard populations. The cause(s) of this apparently rapid evolutionary change, however, remain unclear.
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Shrestha, Suman Kumar. "Urbanization Trend in Nepal." Educational Journal 2, no. 2 (2023): 141–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ej.v2i2.61734.
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Nepal is a small and landlocked country, situated between Tibet (China) to its north, and India to its east, west and south. It is covered an area 26°22′ -30°27′ latitude and 80°4-′ 88°12′ longitude It is part of Asia and the northern hemisphere. There are two types of settlements in Nepal i.e. Urban and Rural settlements. Urbanization is the population shift from rural to urban areas, the decrease in the proportion of people living in rural areas, and change their ways of livelihood style.
 Since the industrial revolution in the late 18th century, the urbanization process was led in England and then followed by many other countries. This paper has been written based on secondary / library data. Urbanization process is rapidly increasing in Nepal. In fifth scientific population census there were only 10 urban places with 2.9 percentage. Again, the criteria of municipality also gradually changed from1952/54 to 2017. At a present time there are 293 municipalities including 6 metropolis municipalities and 11 sub- metropolis areas. After the implemented the new constitution 2072, the country is restructuring and divided 7 province. But there has not equally distribution the population due to the infrastructure development and difficulties of geographical condition. The highest 71.9 percentage and lowest49.3 percentage respectively live in Province -2 and Karnali Pradesh (6). According to ecological region, there is no equal distribution of municipality. The highest municipality (109) and lowest municipality (15) are terai region and mountain region respectively.
 It concluded that the urban population is rapidly increased but province wise such urban places/ municipalities are different. Especially terai is the highest municipalities/ urban centre due to development facilities.
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Vasic, Aleksandar. "The reception of west European music in Belgrade between world wars: On the examples of “Muzicki glasnik” and “Muzika” magazines." Muzikologija, no. 11 (2011): 203–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/muz1111203v.
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The very first music magazines started in Belgrade between World Wars were ?Muzicki glasnik? (issued monthly from January to December 1922) and ?Muzika? (also issued monthly in the period January 1928 - March 1929). These magazines used to publish music essays, researches, debates, notes, news and other kind of articles. This paper brings an analysis of texts on West European music in these two journals. ?Muzicki glasnik? published only few articles on European music. Those were on bibliographical news concerning editions on musicology in England and on French music magazines. There was a report on the concert held in Leipzig in1922 in honour of late Arthur Nikisch. ?Glasnik? also published an obituary to Camille Saint-Sa?ns containing, by contemporary standards, excessively complimentary evaluation of his music. West European music was far more present on the pages of ?Muzika? magazine. The editorial board used to publish thematic issues dedicated to jubilees of great European composers (such as Franz Schubert, Ludwig van Beethoven). One issue was dedicated to English music and this magazine also wrote about Puccini. Essays on European music were translated from foreign languages and the authors of some were coming from Yugoslavia. ?Muzika? magazine was addressing wide, educated audience, not only musicians. Therefore the texts giving biographical and psychological portraits of composers used to prevail over musicological analyses of their works. Serbian music community was not highly developed thus ?Muzika? moderately used expert terminology. Essays, as dominant forms in Serbian musicography up to 1941, were often written in a literary manner. This is evident in ?Muzika? as well. ?Muzika? and ?Muzicki glasnik? adopted different aesthetics and ideology. The fact that the reception of West European music in ?Glasnik? was minimal was not only due to the insufficient number of associates. The editorial board of ?Glasnik? was more concerned with domestic music and problems of music institutions. Besides, the editors of this magazine were of opinion that the Serbian music should not solely look up to West European composers but even more to the Slav and domestic music exemplars. The editors of ?Muzika? were, however, strongly adhering to West European tradition. They thought that only high culture and knowledge could bring the Serbian music to a serious level, both technique and art wise. The editors of this magazine did not desire our composers to be epigones of Western musicians, but wanted to provide domestic musicians and readers with information on European art. In this regard, ?Muzika? used to have an enlightening mission in our country.
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Flynn, Andrew, Philip Lowe, and Michael Winter. "The Political Power of Farmers: An English Perspective." Rural History 7, no. 1 (1996): 15–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956793300000947.
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England has one of the longest histories of industrialisation and urbanisation of any West European country. This has inevitably had a formative influence in the structuring of its social science research. For political scientists it has involved an almost overwhelming concern with urban political systems and industrial cleavages. An analysis of class based voting has been a major focal point with its implicit assumption that any other cleavages based, for example, on religious or regional identities are marginal or atavistic. Certainly there has been little acknowledgement of any significant urban–rural divide. In consequence the study of rural politics has been something of an intellectual backwater and there has been no attempt to define or identify rural politics as an object of study. The blinkered vision of political scientists is disappointing. It unduly ignores a number of studies that have engaged with mainstream debates and frequently made worthwhile contributions, most notably, with reference to the case of agriculture, in the understanding of relations between government and industry (Cox et al, 1986; Grant, 1983). There are also signs that some political scientists are beginning to reject models of national (i.e. urban) voting behaviour and political systems in favour of more spatially sensitive work in which greater prominence is given to regional and local differences (Dunleavy, 1990; Johnston, 1985, 1987; Johnston et al, 1988).
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Das, Nandini, and Charles Tripp. "On Courting India." Journal of the British Academy 12 (May 22, 2024): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/jba/012.a09.
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Nandini Das, winner of the British Academy Book Prize 2023, discusses her experience of writing her prize-winning book Courting India: England, Mughal India and the Origins of Empire (Bloomsbury, 2023). Courting India offers a fascinating history of Thomas Roe, the first English ambassador to the Mughal Empire, and his four years in India (1615–19), a mission generally judged to be a failure, with Roe failing to make much headway in securing diplomatic relations or trade agreements. Roe did, however, leave an extensive account of his time in India in the form of a journal, which has proved helpful in reconstructing the nature of his encounter with the Mughal court. The Mughal emperor, Jahangir, and his courtiers, seem to have had little interest in Roe, who was regarded as something of an exotic curiosity or an irrelevance. This ground-breaking book provides an insider’s view of a Britain in the making, a country whose imperial seeds were just being sown. It is a story of palace intrigue and scandal, lotteries and wagers that unfolds as global trade begins to stretch from Russia to Virginia, from West Africa to the Spice Islands of Indonesia. At an event held at the British Academy in January 2024, Professor Das discussed the book with Professor Charles Tripp FBA, chair of the Book Prize panel of judges.
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Tritha, Abdelaziz. "Travelling to the Secular or Journeying Inside The Self: Jurje Zaidane’s Gaze on European Modernity (Rihla Ila Oroba 1912, A Travel To Europe)." International Journal of Language and Literary Studies 6, no. 1 (2024): 243–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.36892/ijlls.v6i1.1561.
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Starting from his confrontational allegiance and parochial thesis, namely in his Essays and Lectures of William Robertson Smith(1912), William Robertson Smith discredits Arab travellers for their zealous keenness to discover Western cultural intricacies. He has examined the cultural practices and social kinships of Semite people and studied their theologies. William Robertson Smith went as far as to assume that “The Arabian traveller is quite different from ourselves. The labour of moving from place to place is a mere nuisance to him, he has no enjoyment in the effort, and grumbles at hunger or fatigue with all his might” (Smith, 1912, p: 498). My particular interest is in Jurje Zaidane’s Rihla Ila Oroba (1912) as a culturally inspired travel account to France and England. It is not only a voyage to discern the intricacies of the Western civilizational repositories but an interesting endeavour to demonstrate the long-standing tradition of Arabs’ presence in British and French cultural repertoire. His voyage shows the extent to which Arabs were inspired by Western modern logos. Jurje Zaidane minutely lingers on infinitesimal details of each country. I argue that this travel is a parallel occidentalist discourse that tries to create a counter-discursive narrative. Jurje Zaidane, from the perspective of a well-versed essayist, novelist and erudite traveller, cross-examines French and English cultural contexts. Ranging from the narration of public spaces to comments on French and English women, the journey towards the Other is vicariously shifted to Self-inquiry and discovery. Broached from a postcolonial micro-historicist approach, this paper aims at stultifying both the orientalist discourse and the occidentalist premise predicated on Hassan Hanafi’s allegiance to Occidentalism. This article concludes that Zaidane’s travel displays heterogeneous discourses that do not re-install sharp divisive between the East and the West.