Relevant bibliographies by topics / Western Australia Dept

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Western Australia Dept'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Western Australia Dept"

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Dietrich, Anne N. "The Utility of Testing Perception of Direction of Scratch as a Sensitive Clinical Sign of Posterior Column Dysfunction in Spinal Cord Disorders. Hankey GJ, Edis RH (Dept. of Neurology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia), J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 52: 395-398, 1989." Neurology Report 17, no. 2 (1993): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01253086-199317020-00019.

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Merrillees, R. S. "Greece and the Australian Classical connection." Annual of the British School at Athens 94 (November 1999): 457–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s006824540000068x.

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The study of ancient Greek and Latin in Australia and New Zealand, especially at Sydney Church of England Grammar School in New South Wales, produced this century a number of leading scholars who made a major contribution to the study of Old World archaeology in Europe and Australia this century. Among them were V. G. Childe, T. J. Dunbabin, J. R. Stewart and A. D. Trendall. In developing their respective fields of expertise, all spent some time in Greece, as students, excavators, research workers and soldiers, and had formative links with the British School at Athens. Australia's debt to the Classics is reflected not only in the life-long attachment to their legacy, and to Greece, by the former Prime Minister, the Hon. E. G. Whitlam, but in the perpetuation of their influence in such Colonial and modern structures as the monument of Lysicrates in Sydney's Botanic Gardens and the National Library and new Parliament House in Canberra, and in an official poster illustrating multiculturalism in Australia. Despite their role in shaping Australia's European history, the teaching of Classics is under threat as never before, and the late Enoch Powell, at one time Professor of Ancient Greek at the University of Sydney, has stigmatised the obscurantism which threatens to impoverish if not undermine Western civilisation by closing access to knowledge of our Classical past.
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Wellington, Claire M., Euan S. Harvey, Corey B. Wakefield, Dave Abdo, and Stephen J. Newman. "Latitude, depth and environmental variables influence deepwater fish assemblages off Western Australia." Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 539 (June 2021): 151539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2021.151539.

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Radic, Thérèse. "Major Choral Organizations in Late Nineteenth-Century Melbourne." Nineteenth-Century Music Review 2, no. 2 (November 2005): 3–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479409800002184.

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Australian musical life was founded and sustained for over 150 years by a particular class of displaced British and European professional musicians, mostly men, who brought with them what is now known as Western art music. At the time of Australia's foundation, a number of British musicians (many of them composers at the rudimentary level expected of musicians of the day), unable to find work where Italians and Germans were preferred, opted for migration to the colonies in the hope of trading their way out of a difficult situation. Some took ship to avoid the law (the debt-ridden composer Isaac Nathan for example), some came as farmers or joined the gold rushes, only to fail and have to turn to their musical skills again to earn a living (William Vincent Wallace, composer of one of the nineteenth century's most popular operas, Maritana, comes to mind).
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Abal, EG, and WC Dennison. "Seagrass depth range and water quality in southern Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia." Marine and Freshwater Research 47, no. 6 (1996): 763. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9960763.

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Correlations between water quality parameters and seagrass depth penetration were developed for use as a biological indicator of integrated light availability and long-term trends in water quality. A year-long water quality monitoring programme in Moreton Bay was coupled with a series of seagrass depth transects. A strong gradient between the western (landward) and eastern (seaward) portions of Moreton Bay was observed in both water quality and seagrass depth range. Higher concentrations of chlorophyll a, total suspended solids, dissolved and total nutrients, and light attenuation coefficients in the water column and correspondingly shallower depth limits of the seagrass Zostera capricorni were observed in the western portions of the bay. Relatively high correlation coefficient values (r2 > 0.8) were observed between light attenuation coefficient, total suspended solids, chlorophyll a, total Kjeldahl nitrogen and Zostera capricorni depth range. Low correlation coefficient values (r2 < 0.8) between seagrass depth range and dissolved inorganic nutrients were observed. Seagrasses had disappeared over a five-year period near the mouth of the Logan River, a turbid river with increased land use in its watershed. At a site 9 km from the river mouth, a significant decrease in seagrass depth range corresponded to higher light attenuation, chlorophyll a, total suspended solids and total nitrogen content relative to a site 21 km from the river mouth. Seagrass depth penetration thus appears to be a sensitive bio-indicator of some water quality parameters, with application for water quality management.
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Owers, Matthew C., Jayson B. Meyers, Brenton Siggs, and Matt Shackleton. "Passive seismic surveying for depth to base of paleochannel mapping at Lake Wells, Western Australia." ASEG Extended Abstracts 2016, no. 1 (December 2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aseg2016ab245.

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Paganoni, B. L., C. M. Oldham, M. B. Ferguson, A. N. Thompson, P. E. Vercoe, and D. G. Gordon. "Ewe nutrition during pregnancy and birthweight of lambs has minimal impact on fat and eye muscle depth in Merino progeny." Animal Production Science 53, no. 6 (2013): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an12266.

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The hypothesis tested in this experiment was that Merino lambs with lower birthweights, due to poor ewe nutrition during pregnancy, would have more fat and less muscle than Merino lambs with higher birthweights. At two sites (Victoria and Western Australia) in each of 2 years, a wide range in the liveweight profiles of ewes was generated during pregnancy and lactation by varying the amount of supplements fed and feed on offer grazed. Progeny had fat and muscle depth at the C-site measured at various ages from 8 to 28 months of age. Across the four experiments, there were differences of 0.5 kg in birthweights and 8 kg in weaning weights between extreme treatments. The effects on the depth of fat and muscle were very small with fat depth increasing by 0.1–0.2 mm (5–7%) and muscle depth increasing by 0.2–0.7 mm (1–3%) when birthweights decreased by 1 kg. The effects of birthweight on fat depth are consistent with our hypothesis whereas the effects of birthweight on muscle depth are in contrast to our hypothesis. Nevertheless, the impacts of birthweight on the depth of fat and muscle measured at the C-site of progeny from Merino ewes, is unlikely to be of any commercial significance within the range of nutritional scenarios during pregnancy and lactation that are likely to be experienced within the Australian sheep industry.
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Mayhew, M. A., Peter J. Wasilewski, and B. David Johnson. "Crustal magnetization and temperature at depth beneath the Yilgarn block, Western Australia inferred from Magsat data." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 107, no. 3-4 (December 1991): 515–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0012-821x(91)90097-2.

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Mugera, Amin W., and Gerald G. Nyambane. "Impact of debt structure on production efficiency and financial performance of Broadacre farms in Western Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 59, no. 2 (September 18, 2014): 208–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8489.12075.

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Timotius, Hagayudha, and Yulinar Firdaus. "QUALITY IMPROVEMENT OF SEISMIC IMAGE FROM 2D PSDM (PRE STACK DEPTH MIGRATION) USING TOMOGRAPHY FOR INTERVAL VELOCITY MODEL REFINEMENT." BULLETIN OF THE MARINE GEOLOGY 28, no. 2 (February 15, 2016): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.32693/bomg.28.2.2013.59.

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The main goal of seismic exploration is to get an accurate image of subsurface section so it can be easily interpreted. Pre Stack Depth Migration (PSDM) is such a powerful imaging tool especially for complex area such an area where strong lateral velocity variations exist. The main challenge of PSDM is the need of accurate interval velocity model.In this research, Dix Transformation, coherency inversion, and tomography are used for initial interval velocity model, and then tomography is used for interval velocity model refinement. We compare also between seismic image resulted from PSDM and PSTM to determine the best method. The seismic data that processed in this paper is derived from north western part of Australian Waters. Kata kunci: Pre Stack Depth Migration, Dix Transformation, coherency inversion, tomography. Tujuan utama dari eksplorasi seismik adalah menghasilkan citra yang akurat dari penampang bawah permukaan sehingga diinterpretasi lebih mudah. Pre Stack Depth Migration (PSDM) merupakan suatu metode yang memberikan hasil peningkatan kualitas citra seismik pada daerah kompleks dimana terjadi variasi kecepatan lateral yang signifikan. Salah satu syarat penting yang harus dipenuhi agar hasil PSDM lebih optimal adalah model kecepatan interval yang akurat. Dalam penelitian ini Transformasi Dix, inversi koheren, dan tomografi digunakan untuk memenuhi syarat tersebut. Perbandingan hasil penampang seimik PSDM dan PSTM dilakukan untuk menentukan metode terbaik. Data seismik yang diolah dalam tulisan ini berasal dari wilayah Perairan Baratlaut Australia. Kata kunci: Pre Stack Depth Migration, Transformasi Dix, inversi koheren, tomografi
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Western Australia Dept"

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Bailey, Brett B. "Geological and geophysical evaluation of the Thebe field, Block XX, offshore Western Australia." University of the Western Cape, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4028.

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>Magister Scientiae - MSc
The North West Shelf of Australia is a prolific gas province. The Thebe Gas Field is situated within the northern central Exmouth Plateau in the Northern Carnarvon Basin. The Exmouth Plateau is a submerged continental block whose culmination lies at about 800m below sea level. The seismic data used for this study is the HEX07B survey which was conducted in 2007. The objective of this study was to interpret all available seismic data, of which six horizons were picked, generating two-way-time structure maps and an average velocity map, performing depth conversion and generating various depth maps. The horizons picked were the economic basement, Triassic Mungaroo, Murat Siltstone, Muderong Shale, Gearle Siltstone and the Sea Bed. The horizon of interest was the Triassic Mungaroo Formation and therefore it was the only horizon with an average velocity map. The seismic sections were used in conjunction with the structure maps generated to identify possible locations for appraisal wells to be drilled. Prospect X was identified on the basis of amplitude and structure present within the Triassic Mungaroo Formation. The final task was to calculate the volumes present and a Monte-Carlo Simulation was used for this. The results obtained showed that Prospect X has a good petroleum system in place. The Mungaroo Formation is identified as being the possible source and reservoir rock, the Muderong Shale is the seal, structural traps are provided by large fault block and faults provided the migration pathways from the source in to the reservoir. The volumes were calculated using three areas identified on the structure maps by three closing contours. These areas are the P90, P50, P10 and the volumes for the gas in place were as follows, P90 = 893 Bcf (0.9Tcf), P50 = 1128 Bcf (1.1 Tcf), P10 = 1367 Bcf (1.4Tcf). Using the various parameters the probability of success for Prospect X was calculated to be 20%.
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Churchward, Carol Anne. "The effect of depth and activity type on dugong (Dugong dugon) diving behaviour in Shark Bay, Western Australia." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ64946.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Western Australia Dept"

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Administration, Western Australia Dept of Land. Crown land administration in Western Australia. [Perth, W.A.]: Dept. of Land Administration, 1994.

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Western Australia. Dept. of Land Administration. Crown land administration in Western Australia. [Perth, W.A.]: Dept. of Land Administration, Govt. of Western Australia, 1996.

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Jacobs, Pat. Mister Neville: A biography. Fremantle, W.A: Fremantle Arts Centre Press, 1990.

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Building a state: The story of the Public Works Department of Western Australia, 1829-1985. Leederville, W.A: Water Authority of Western Australia, 1986.

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Western Australia. Minister for Transport. A plan for the new Department of Transport: An overview of changes already under way, and planned initiatives to finalise the amalgamation of the Department of Transport and the Department of Marine & Harbours, to create the new Department of Transport. [Perth, W.A: Minister for Transport, 1993.

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Western Australia. Office of the Auditor General. Police Department Operations Centre: Performance examination. West Perth, WA: The Office, 1995.

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Clements, J. C. The Australian lupin collection: Passport data for wild and semi-domesticated accessions introduced into Australia to 1990. Edited by Cowling W. A. 1954- and Johnston D. A. W. [Perth]: Dept. of Agriculture, Western Australia, 1990.

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Pashley, A. R. Policing our state: A history of police stations and police officers in Western Australia 1829-1945. Cloverdale, W.A: EDUCANT, 2000.

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Clements, J. C. 1991 catalogue of the Australian lupin collection: Including field evaluation data for wild, semi-domesticated and fully domesticated accessions. Edited by Crowling W. A. 1954- and Johnston D. A. W. [Perth]: Dept. of Agriculture, Western Australia, 1991.

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Gardner, Jenny. Looking back-- reflections on 25 years, 1965 to 1990. Nedlands, W.A: University of Western Australia, Dept. of Social Work and Social Administration, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Western Australia Dept"

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Marsh, Sally P., Michael P. Burton, and David J. Pannell. "Understanding Farmer Monitoring of a ‘Sustainability Indicator’: Depth to Saline Groundwater in Western Australia." In Land Degradation, 207–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2033-5_13.

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Sharma, M. L. "Recharge Estimation from the Depth-Distribution of Environmental Chloride in the Unsaturated Zone — Western Australian Examples." In Estimation of Natural Groundwater Recharge, 159–73. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7780-9_10.

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Villaescusa, E., J. Li, C. Windsor, and M. Seto. "A comparison of overcoring and AE stress profiles with depth in Western Australian Mines." In In-Situ Rock Stress, 223–28. Taylor & Francis, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439833650.ch29.

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White, Robert E. "Putting it All Together." In Understanding Vineyard Soils. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199342068.003.0009.

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In reality, there can be no generic definition of an “ideal soil” because a soil’s performance is influenced by the local climate, landscape characteristics, grape variety, and cultural practices and is judged in the context of a winegrower’s objectives for style of wine to be made, market potential, and profitability of the enterprise. This realization essentially acknowledges the long-established French concept of terroir: that the distinctiveness or typicity of wines produced in individual locations depends on a complex interaction of biophysical and human cultural factors, interpreted by many as meaning a wine’s sense of place. As discussed in “Soil Variability and the Concept of Terroir” in chapter 1, because of this interaction of factors that determine a particular terroir, it is not surprising that no specific relationships between one or more soil properties and wine typicity have been unequivocally demonstrated. While acknowledging this conclusion, it is still worthwhile to examine how variations in several single or combined soil properties can influence vine performance and fruit character. These properties are: • Soil depth • Soil structure and water supply • Soil strength • Soil chemistry and nutrient supply • Soil organisms Provided there are no subsoil constraints, the natural tendency of long-lived Vitis vinifera, on own roots or rootstocks, to root deeply and extensively gives it access to a potentially large store of water and nutrients. In sandy and gravely soils that are naturally low in nutrients, such as in the Médoc region of France, the Margaret River region in Western Australia, and the Wairau River plain, Marlborough region, New Zealand, the deeper the soil the better. A similar situation pertains on the deep sandy soils on granite in the Cauquenas region, Chile. However, such depth may be a disadvantage where soils are naturally fertile and rain is plentiful, as in parts of the Mornington Peninsula, King and Yarra Valley regions, Victoria, Australia, and the Willamette Valley region in Oregon (see figure 1.11, chapter 1), because vine growth is too vigorous and not in balance.
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Souders, Katrina S., Alexandra K. Davatzes, Brady A. Ziegler, Steven Goderis, Thomas Déhais, and Philippe Claeys. "Sedimentation across the Paraburdoo spherule layer: Implications for the Neoarchean Earth system." In Large Meteorite Impacts and Planetary Evolution VI. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/2021.2550(11).

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ABSTRACT Large bolide impacts in the Phanerozoic produced global change identifiable in the postimpact sediments. Aside from a few isolated examples, however, evidence of postimpact change associated with Precambrian impacts is sparse. This study used the Neoarchean Paraburdoo spherule layer as a case study to search for impact-induced change in the sediments above the spherule layer. We found possible minor sedimentary changes that may have been due to either a disturbance by bottom currents or changing diagenetic conditions. Contrary to the trends found with several post–Great Oxidation Event large bolide impacts, we found no evidence of shifts in tectonic regime, sediment weathering and deposition, or paleoenvironment induced by the Paraburdoo spherule layer impact, for which the impactor is estimated to have been approximately three times larger than the Cretaceous–Paleogene bolide. This lack of a clear signal of climatic shift may be due to one or more mechanisms. Either the Paraburdoo spherule layer’s deposition in several-hundred-meter-deep water within the Hamersley Basin of Western Australia was too deep to accumulate and record observable changes, or the Neoarchean’s high-CO2 atmospheric composition acted as a threshold below which the introduction of more impact-produced gases would not have produced the expected climatic and weathering changes. We also report minor traces of elevated iron and arsenic concentrations in the sediments immediately above the Paraburdoo spherule layer, consistent with trends observed above other distal impact deposits, as well as distinctive layers of hematite nodules bracketing the spherule layer. These geochemical changes may record ocean overturn of the Neoarchean stratified water column, which brought slightly oxygenated waters to depth, consistent with the observation of tsunami deposits in shallower impact deposits and/or heating of the global oceans by tens to hundreds of degrees Celsius in the wake of the Paraburdoo spherule layer impact. Either or both of these mechanisms in addition to impact-induced shallow-water ocean evaporation may also have caused a massive die-off of microbes, which also would have produced a postimpact increase in iron and arsenic concentrations.
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Conference papers on the topic "Western Australia Dept"

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Zhao, Ming, Liang Cheng, and Zhipeng Zang. "Experimental Investigation of Local Scour Around a Submerged Vertical Circular Cylinder in Steady Currents." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-79148.

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Local scour around a submerged vertical circular cylinder in steady currents was studied by laboratory experiments. The experiments were conducted under live-bed scour conditions. Only one median sediment size of d50 = 0.40 mm was used in the experiments with a uniformity parameter of d85/d15 = 1.42. In some of the tests, time-developments of scour depth at the stagnation point of the cylinder were measured using the conductivity scour probes. Three-dimensional (3D) seabed topography around each model cylinder was measured using a laser profiler developed at University of Western Australia. The experimental results showed that the scour depth increased with an increase in cylinder height. The development rate of scour depth increases if Shields parameter increases.
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Luo, Chengcai, Hongwei An, Liang Cheng, and David White. "Calibration of UWA’s O-Tube Flume Facility." In ASME 2012 31st International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2012-83274.

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The O-tube facility, designed and established at the University of Western Australia, is an innovative closed loop flume in which a random storm sequence can be reproduced via control of a large pump system. The O-tube facility is capable of simulating hydrodynamic conditions near the seabed and the interaction with seabed sediment and any infrastructure that is resting on it. The purpose of carrying out the O-tube calibration described in this paper is to obtain the relationship between the motor rotation movement and the flow velocity generated in the O-tube, such that any required storm history within the performance envelope of the O-tube can be reproduced. A range of flow velocities and the corresponding pump speeds were measured under steady current, oscillatory flow and combined flow conditions. It was found that the relationship between the pump speed and the flow velocity varies with the oscillatory flow period. Based on the pump characteristic curves and O-tube system curves, the correlation between the motor speed and the flow velocity was derived by applying hydraulic theory and the principle of energy conservation. The derived correlation is validated by reproducing a wide range of target storm series, including a (1:5.8) scaled 100-year return period storm from the North West Shelf of Western Australia in 40 m water depth.
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Lamoureux, Sebastian, Erik Veneklaas, Pieter Poot, and Michael O’Kane. "The effect of cover system depth on native plant water relations in semi-arid Western Australia." In Mine Closure 2016. Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36487/acg_rep/1608_42_lamoureux.

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Yao, Jianfeng, Xiang Li, Kai Zhao, and Hui Zhang. "Full-Waveform Inversion and Least-Squares Migration to Improve Images in Northern Carnarvon Basin." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21292-ms.

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Abstract Northern Carnarvon Basin is located in North West Shelf of Western Australia. The basin has over 10km sediments and owns both oil-prone and gas-prone sediments and is the current largest oil and gas producing basin in Australia. A geological section through this basin is shown in Figure 1, the complex geological settings from shallow to deep leads to significant processing challenges. In the vintage processing, the seismic image at reservoir level is deteriorated due to the presence of following geological complexities: 1) rugose water bottom, 2) shallow frequent canyons or channel systems, 3) shallow spatial-variant Tertiary carbonates, and 4) shallow gas chimneys and other geo-bodies. These complex overburdens plus limited small-angle coverage of primary reflections from narrow azimuth (NAZ) streamer surveys make it very difficult for ray-based reflection tomography to resolve the shallow velocity. As a result, the target image suffers from large well mis-ties, low signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) and severe event undulations. In addition, shallow fast-velocity layers cause severe illumination issues for deep targets which are compounded by limited offsets of NAZ surveys. Furthermore, localised absorption effects from gas pockets lead to dimming amplitudes for events beneath them. To deal with these issues, we propose to use time-lag full wave-form inversion (TLFWI) to resolve the velocity of complex overburdens and least-squares Q prestack depth migration (LS Q-PSDM) to compensate for illumination issues and absorption effects for the latest reprocessing. In the following sections, application procedure and results of these two technologies will be discussed. Seismic inversion was also conducted to assist the processing and analysis of the final result.
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Babanin, Alexander V., Geoff G. Wake, and Jason McConochie. "Field Observation Site for Air-Sea Interactions in Tropical Cyclones." In ASME 2016 35th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2016-54570.

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Accurate predictions of winds, waves and currents within extreme tropical cyclones are critical for shipping, offshore oil and gas, ports and harbours, coastal erosion, tourism and fishing. The paper will describe a unique field observation programme intended to gather in situ data about air-sea interactions in tropical cyclones. The site has been established on the Woodside-operated North Rankin Complex, an offshore gas production facility located off the north-west coast of Western Australia. The facility is multi-purpose. It will assist Woodside to manage platform operations during the cyclone season and to make advances in the estimate of extreme wave crest heights for platform loading while enabling academic researchers to measure air-sea interactions. Concurrent measurements are conducted in the atmospheric boundary layer, on the ocean surface and below the surface all the way to the bottom at 120 m depth. The measurements include fluxes of momentum and energy across the air-sea interface, spray production, directional wave spectra up to high wavenumbers, and will allow us to close the balance of the air-sea exchanges for the first time in extreme field conditions.
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Blinderman, Michael S., and Bernard Anderson. "Underground Coal Gasification for Power Generation: High Efficiency and CO2-Emissions." In ASME 2004 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2004-52036.

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Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) is a gasification process carried out in non-mined coal seams using injection and production wells drilled from the surface, enabling the coal to be converted into product gas. The UCG process practiced by Ergo Exergy is called Exergy UCG or εUCG. εUCG was applied in the Chinchilla UCG-IGCC Project in Australia. The IGCC project in Chinchilla, Australia has been under development since July 1999. The project involves construction of the underground gasifier and demonstration of UCG technology, and installation of the power island. Since December 1999 the plant has been making gas continuously, and its maximum capacity is 80,000 Nm3/h. Approximately 32,000 tonnes of coal have been gasified, and 100% availability of gas production has been demonstrated over 30 months of operation. The UCG operation in Chinchilla is the largest and the longest to date in the Western world. The εUCG facility at Chinchilla has used air injection, and produced a low BTU gas of about 5.0 MJ/m3 at a pressure of 10 barg (145 psig) and temperature of 300° C (570° F). It included 9 process wells that have been producing gas manufactured from a 10 m thick coal seam at the depth of about 140 m. The process displayed high efficiency and consistency in providing gas of stable quality and quantity. The results of operations in Chinchilla to date have demonstrated that εUCG can consistently provide gas of stable quantity and quality for IGCC power projects at very low cost enabling the UCG-IGCC plant to compete with coal-fired power stations. This has been done in full compliance with rigorous environmental regulations. A wide range of gas turbines can be used for UCG-IGCC applications. The turbines using UCG gas will demonstrate an increase in output by up to 25% compared to natural gas. The power block efficiency reaches 55%, while the overall efficiency of the UCG-IGCC process can reach 43%. A UCG-IGCC power plant will generate electricity at a much lower cost than existing or proposed fossil fuel power plants. CO2 emissions of the plant can be reduced to a level 55% less than those of a supercritical coal-fired plant and 25% less than the emissions of NG CC.
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Hodder, M. S., D. J. White, and M. J. Cassidy. "Centrifuge Modelling of Riser-Soil Stiffness Degradation in the Touchdown Zone of a Steel Catenary Riser." In ASME 2008 27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2008-57302.

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Steel catenary risers (SCRs) are economical to assemble and install compared to conventional vertical risers. However, accurate evaluation of the fatigue life of an SCR remains a major challenge due to uncertainty surrounding the interaction forces at the seabed within the touchdown zone (TDZ). Fatigue life predictions are heavily dependant on the assumed stiffness between the riser and the seabed and therefore an accurate assessment of seabed stiffness — or more specifically the nonlinear pipe-soil resistance — is required. During the lifespan of an SCR, vessel motions due to environmental loading cause repeated penetration of the riser into the seabed within the TDZ. This behaviour makes assessment of seabed stiffness difficult due to the gross deformations of the seabed and the resulting soil remoulding and water entrainment. This paper describes a model test in which the movement of a length of riser pipe was simulated within the geotechnical beam centrifuge at the University of Western Australia. The model soil was soft, lightly over-consolidated kaolin clay with a linearly increasing shear strength profile with depth, typical of deepwater conditions. The pipe was cycled over a fixed vertical distance from an invert embedment of 0.5 diameters to above the soil surface. This range represents a typical vertical oscillation range of a section of riser within the TDZ during storm loading. The results indicate a significant degradation in the vertical pipe-soil resistance during cyclic vertical movements. Due to the cyclic degradation in soil strength, the component of the vertical resistance created by buoyancy was significant, particularly due to the influence of heave. A new approach to the interpretation of heave-enhanced buoyancy was used to extract the separate influences of soil strength and buoyancy, allowing the cyclic degradation in strength to be quantified. During cycling, the soil strength reduced by a factor of 7.5 relative to the initial penetration stage. This degradation was more significant than the reduction in soil strength during a cyclic T-bar penetration test. This contrast can be attributed to the breakaway of the pipe from the soil surface which allowed water entrainment. This dramatic loss of strength and therefore secant stiffness, and the significance of the buoyancy term in the total vertical pipe-soil resistance, has implications for the fatigue assessment of SCRs.
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