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1
Durham, Christopher Louis. "Masculinity in the post-war western John Wayne and Clint Eastwood /." Online version, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.412655.
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Durham, Christopher Louis. "Masculinity in the post-war western : John Wayne and Clint Eastwood." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/216.
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Together, John Wayne and Clint Eastwood are the most prominent defining icons of the Western genre. As resonant American cultural icons, their respective images are determined by, and signify, aspects of Americanism, the Western, and masculinity. By examining the gendered identities adopted by Wayne and Eastwood in their Westerns, I hope to identify the extent to which their characterisationss, panning the historical periods marked by the Westerns! prominence, decline, and ultimate fall, attest to the cultural underpinning of the genre's representation of gender, revealing the manner in which a definitively American genre offered portrayals of gender that resonated in the wider American culture. Following a review of critical work undertaken on the genre, masculinity , and stars,I will proceed to examine the negotiation of masculinity in the roles played by Wayne and Eastwood in the Western from 1948 to 1976 in the case of the former, and 1964 to 1992 in the case of the latter. With reference to the structural approach adopted for each star, Eastwood's films invite a chronological analysis, owing to the chronological development of his screen persona, in which the Eastwood hero is variously typified as broadly parodic, castrated, vengeful, and paradoxical; Wayne's films evidence an oscillating type of characterisation, which for the most part defies a chronological analysis. Consequently, his films from 1948 to 1963 will be addressed in a non-linear, thematic fashion, based on the alternately 'good' and 'bad', or coherent and incoherent, representations of the paternal identity which formed the determining aspect of Wayne's persona. His post- 1969 films, which invite a more chronological analysis, will be separately considered as evidencing a more stable representation oIf the paternal identity. The Shoolist, as Wayne's last film, will be considered on an individual basis. While Wayne and Eastwood portray very different 'types' of the Western hero, as the alternative structural approaches described above suggests, the resonance of their gendered representations unites them, and merits a sustained analysis of both.
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Jeftha, Alethea. "The construction of masculinity and risk-taking behaviour among adolescent boys in seven schools in the Western Cape." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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The term, risk-taking, has often been used to describe some of the behaviours and their associated negative outcomes occurring during adloscence. Statistics have shown that South Africa has one of the highest rates of HIV/AIDS infection in the world, with most infections occurring during adolescence. The central aim in this study was to explore the relationship between current constructions of masculinity and risk-taking behaviours among a group of young South African men. It was an exploratory study, focused on exploring how young men construct their masculinities, and how this intersects with or impacts on adolescent male risk-taking behaviours. A key conclusion drawn at the end of this project was that some traditional notions of manhood still held sway, and these tied in strongly with how these participants constructed their masculinity.
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Angus, Fiona Leslie. "Key to the midway, masculinity at work in a Western Canadian carnival." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ61054.pdf.
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Wildschut, Alvino Vernal. "The construction of young musculine sexualities in rural Western Cape /." Link to the online version, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1312.
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Morris, Emily. "Breaking Down Masculinity in Breaking Bad and the Western Genre: Performance and Disruption." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/192.
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I am proposing a critical inquiry into the structural function of the character of Skyler White in AMC’s Breaking Bad as well as a further investigation of show’s relationship to the Western genre and the construction of masculinity.
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Clark, J. J. ""Breaking Bad" as a Modern Western| Revising Frontier Myths of Masculinity, Savagery, and Empire." Thesis, University of Colorado at Denver, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1563555.
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This paper offers an analysis of the AMC television series Breaking Bad by placing it directly into the tradition of frontier narratives and the Western film. It looks to understand the aspects of the Western genre that the series revises as well as understand Breaking Bad as both a revisionist Western that redefines certain tropes common to the family-centered Western, as well as a Meta-Western that calls attention to the impact of the frontier myth on modern characters like Walter White. It finds that to make a "contemporary Western," as creator Vince Gilligan termed it, the show revises the traditional Western narrative by denying a regenerative quality to violence and demanding a multicultural, complicated, and ongoing understanding of the American frontier. The paper concludes by analyzing how the show's cultural allegories are a reaction to, and a critique of, a modern crisis of masculinity and the American empire.
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Simiyu, Catherine Kituko. "An investigation into masculine-atypical behaviour : a study among Moi university students Western Kenya." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/851.
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We are presented with a situation in which ‘the male identity is a fragile and tentative thing with no secure anchorage in the contemporary world’ (Brittan, 1989:3). However, empirical evidence surrounding the commonly perceived contemporary crisis of masculinity fails to support any overall crisis of masculinity thesis (Edwards, 2006:16). Instead, the different perceptions of the crisis tend to rest on at least one of the three propositions pointed out by Edwards (2006:17): Firstly; masculinity as a set of values, practices or dispositions may be suffering a crisis in so far as it is being undermined and devalued, or, moreover that masculinity per see is now to a greater or lesser degree equated with a series of negative rather than positive associations and connotations. Secondly; masculinity may be in crisis due to its perceived tendency to implore into femininity, whether through an undermining of any gender role distinctions or through feminization of some forms of masculinity as, for example, in the case of the rise of contemporary consumerist, fashion conscious or sexually uncertain masculinities such as metrosexuality. Thirdly, the crisis of masculinity may relate to the sense that masculinity in terms of the male sex role is itself ipso facto crisis-inducing. In this sense, masculinity is not in crisis, it is crisis. This study was based on the second proposition. In the patriarchal Kenyan society where gender roles are fairly traditional, and the male person perceived superior to the female and male things valued above female things, the aspect of feminization of masculinity is not just new but indeed strange. This investigation was intended to find explanations for the feminizing behaviour by males. The sex role paradigm developed in the 1970s explains acquisition of masculinity through socialization, sex role learning and social control. These mainstream theories of learning gender were explored in the assumption that they form the basis for the contemporary theories, and further, although much had changed with the times, a large part of the society still perceived gender roles from this traditional viewpoint. The masculine crisis theory and the constructionist views of gender constituted the theoretical framework of the study. This was due to the researcher’s acknowledgement that individuals were active participants in the construction of their own gender identity, and that there was likelihood for the individuals to deviate from the social expectations of what masculinity means and should be. As a result they could construct a masculinity that did not reflect normality, hence portraying a crisis. Data relating to the respondents’ perception of and reasons for feminine behaviour among young male adults was gathered from young males, young females, and both male and female parents through questionnaire and interview methods. Information about the home environment of the respondents was also necessary to help explore environmental factors that contribute to gender construction. In addition, observation was used to obtain information to dispute, confirm or complement the findings from the other mentioned methods. An exploratory-descriptive qualitative type of research was undertaken at Moi University, Eldoret in Kenya, where the feminization of masculinity was observed. 100 male students chosen through both purposive and simple systematic sampling responded to the open-ended questionnaire which contained perception-eliciting items. A discussion with two focused groups of seven female students each, from the same institution obtained their opinion on the subject of cross-gender behaviour of their male colleagues. Selection of the females was based on willingness to participate. An in-depth interview with two male and three female parents of young male adults whose selection was upon availability, was done on a one-on-one basis to capture the view of adults (likely reasons for, and attitudes) on the matter of feminine behaviour among boys. Data was qualitatively processed and analyzed, taking into account issues of dependability and accuracy. Explanations, findings and conclusions were made, based on the fairly rich data. Overall, the researcher concluded that an interplay between various factors in the young males’ environments, including peers, media, parents and the general dynamics of society (including the feminist movements) explained the feminization of the masculine identity. All these were perceived as influenced by the postmodern movement that had transcended boundaries, thanks to modern communication techniques, to reach the initially very traditional societies. The researcher acknowledged the irreversibility of the clock of time and behaviour trends, hence suggested inclusiveness of this group of males for overall society development, but against the backdrop of responsible guidance and understanding. The study was seen as significant, both for education as an institution that empowered individuals for social function, as well as for peaceful coexistence for the society at large. Conclusively, a redefinition of ‘masculinity’ and a change in the current social attitudes about masculinity and femininity was recommended. Hopefully this was a step towards enhancing an understanding of behaviour dynamics in the largely changing social systems which, in the same vein, remained the touchstone for behaviour formation, modification and prediction not only in Kenya, but Africa as a whole.
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Zaidan, Sarah Z. "The adventures of MetaMan : the superhero as a representation of modern Western masculinity (1940-2010)." Thesis, Kingston University, 2011. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/22375/.
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The Adventures ofMetaMan: The Superhero as a Representation ofModem Western Masculinity (1940-2010) is a practice-based research project. The aim of this research project is to develop interactive works of art that interrogate superhero narratives and representations of male identity, with the potential to relate to the experiences of relevant users in educational environments. At the current stage of the project, young men aged 11-14 in the English school system are a possible target audience. The work of art takes the form of interactive software written in Adobe Flash, with additional visuals created by myself in Adobe Photoshop, Adobe lllustrator and through traditional pen-and-ink drawings. The conceptualisation, development and execution of both software and content took place over a three-year period. While numerous literary and artistic references were employed in order to actualise this work, the software's visuals and words were entirely self-created. The work's original contribution to knowledge is found in the project's form. In combining the platform of digital media with the artistic styles and narrative themes of the superhero genre of comic books, the project explores the subjects of heroes and masculinity and has the potential to help its target audience to understand that the definition of masculinity is always in a state of flux. As evidenced by the historical texts, studies of visual culture, gender, and media representations of heroes and men that were referenced to develop the software, different types of men, ranging from the civil rights activist of the 1960s to the macho action movie star of the 1990s and significant representations of masculinity between these decades have been regarded as hero figures at different points in time. The conc~pt of masculinity is fluid and reliant upon a variety of factors such as current events, cultural trends, politics, economics and popular culture and this is reflected in the evolution of the superhero in Western mass media. The MetaMan project showcases the impact that heroes and role models have and the way that art can echo culture and society. It can provide a fully interactive experience that places modern masculinity into the context of the user's life and circumstances, adapting to each user. The software is accompanied by a written component detailing the reasons for its form and potential audience, the artistic process necessary to create it, an account of a pilot scheme conducted with 120 male students aged 11-14 in the English school system and the further applications and plans for the future stages of the MetaMan project.
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Schmiedl, Dominic. "Crisis and Masculinity on Contemporary Cable Television." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-176166.
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Both the “crisis of masculinity” and “quality TV” have been popular discourses in academia in recent years. Many of these contemporary quality TV series feature male anti-heroes at the center of their narratives. This dissertation argues that the constructions of masculinity in series such as "Breaking Bad" and "The Walking Dead" are informed by the Western hero.
Furthermore, the dissertation links this recourse to an arguably outmoded model of masculinity to recent crisis tendencies in the USA, most notably the recent economic downturn and the aftermath of September 11 2001. Moreover, the return of the Western hero can be understood as a process of remasculinization in light of the crisis of masculinity.
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Schuitevoerder, Stephen. "Process work contributions to men and power /." View thesis View thesis, 2000. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030428.155106/index.html.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, 2000."A thesis submitted in completion of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Department of Social Ecology, University of Western Sydney Hawkesbury." "November 2000." Bibliography : leaves 406-413.
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Magodyo, Tapiwa C. "The role of Ulwaluko in the construction of masculinity in men at the University of the Western Cape." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4072.
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Magister Artium (Psychology) - MA(Psych)Ulwaluko is a Xhosa word that refers to male circumcision, an initiation ritual performed to transform boys into men. The ritual is supposed to instill good moral and social values. Research has demonstrated that, the practice of Ulwaluko has undergone many changes primarily because of urbanization, acculturation and the emergence of back-door circumcision schools amongst other things. This has culminated in instances of moral decline such as criminal activity, drug abuse, risky sexual behaviour and inhumane behaviour among some of the initiates. There has been a recent upsurge in research on Ulwaluko in South Africa. However, lacking in this body of scholarship is a focus on how Ulwaluko constructs masculinities. This served as the motivation for my study. Given the above, my study explored the role of Ulwaluko in the construction of masculinity in men at the University of the Western Cape (UWC). Hegemonic masculinity (Connell, 1994; Connell & Messerschmidt, 2005) was used as a theoretical framework conceptualizing this study. The study utilised a qualitative framework and data was collected using in-depth semi-structured interviews. Seven participants aged from 19 to 32, consented to be part of the study. These were recruited using purposive sampling. The ethical considerations of the study adhered to the guidelines stipulated by UWC. Data was transcribed, and analysed using thematic decomposition analysis. The findings of this study indicate that Ulwaluko constructs masculinity in hegemonic ways. Through hegemony it establishes, maintains and retains control over young men, boys and women. It constructs an idealised masculine identity that is morally upright, faced with ritual challenges and burdened by a prescriptive set of masculine role expectations. This study also shows the self-reflexive, critical and imaginative engagement by men as they negotiated Ulwaluko‟s ideal masculinity. Such contestations resulted in the creation of rival masculinities. It also demonstrates how subject position(s) impact understandings and constructions of masculinities. This study provided a richer and more nuanced contextual understanding of the psychosocial realities of men who underwent Ulwaluko
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Papaseit, Fernández Beatriz. "The Vanishing Cowboy and the Unfading Indian: Manhood, Iconized Masculinity and National Identity in Larry McMurtry's Lonesome Dove and James Welch's Fools Crow and The Heartsong of Charging Elk." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/4920.
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Esta tesis doctoral examina la representación de la masculinidad y la identidad nacional en las novelas de Larry McMurtry Lonesome Dove y en las de James Welch Fools Crow y The Heartsong of Charging Elk. Uno de los temas de estudio principales es el encuentro con el Otro, argumentándose que esta confrontación ha posibilitado la creación de un ideal de masculinidad en el héroe del género del Western a la vez que ha facilitado la supresión de la masculinidad tradicional del indio americano. El estudio pone de manifiesto las serias consequencias que el mito del Oeste ha tenido en la masculinidad americana, consecuencias que no se ciñen al plano narrativo sino que trascienden a la vida real donde el imaginario colectivo americano continúa considerando que los mitos del Oeste forman parte esencial de la identidad masculina. El capítulo uno justifica el por qué del estudio comparativo de las obras mencionadas. Investiga además la construcción de la masculinidad hegemónica en la figura narrativa del vaquero americano, así como la conexión entre identidad nacional americana y masculinidad hegemónica.
El capítulo dos analiza la presencia del Oeste histórico en la narrativa de Larry McMurtry y James Welch, evaluando la perceptión de la realidad histórica de los dos autores en su obra de no ficción antes de que éstos conviertan los hechos históricos en material para sus novelas.
El capítulo tres analiza la naturaleza ambigua de los protagonistas de Lonesome Dove así como los problemas con los que se encuentra el autor a la hora de evidenciar el código masculinista del género del Western. En este capítulo también se somete a estudio el código de fraternidad masculina y la apropiación de la masculinidad del indio americano, procesos que llevan a perfilar la identidad nacional del vaquero americano.
Por último, el capítulo cuatro estudia la reconceptualización de la masculinidad tradicional del indio americano en Fools Crow y The Heartsong of Charging Elk y las reflexiones del autor sobre el indio americano urbano y sobre conceptos como el indigenismo.
This doctoral dissertation examines the representation of masculinity and national identity in Larry McMurtry's Lonesome Dove and James Welch's Fools Crow and The Heartsong of Charging Elk. It particularly considers the meeting with the external Other and how this confrontation has shaped the construction of certain masculinity ideals for the Western hero and erased traditional notions of masculinity for the Native American male. The study points at the devastating consequences that the myth of the West has had on American masculinity. This is not only restricted to a narrative level but transcends to the real life sphere where the collective imaginarium still regards the foundational myths of the West as constitutive part of the American male identity.
Chapter one states the reasons why a comparative analysis of the novels offers a new perspective on the subject of conflicting masculinity. It also examines the construction of hegemonic masculinity in the cowboy figure as well as the connection between American national identity and hegemonic manhood.
Chapter two assesses the accuracy of the historical West portrayed in Larry McMurtry and James Welch's narratives. It focuses on some of their non-fictional work to consider their perception of historical facts before they are diluted in their fictionalized world.
Chapter three discusses the conflicting nature of McMurtry's cowboy protagonists in Lonesome Dove as well as the problems the author runs into when exposing the masculinist code of the Western genre. It also deals with the subject of appropriated Native American manhood and fraternal bonding as a means to shape the cowboy's national identity.
Finally, chapter four considers Welch's reconceptualization of traditional Native American masculinity as well as his reflections about indigenousness and the urban Native American.
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Banerjea, Koushik. "Criminally hip : a critical exploration into issues of masculinity, violence and transnational modernity within the spaghetti western and gangster film genres." Thesis, London South Bank University, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.506698.
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My research explores the contingency of key discourses of masculinity, race and violence as they are filtered through particular film genres in which it is the very masculinist dimension of their cultural narratives which is emphasized. To that end the two genres which I focus upon are the 'spaghetti' western and the 'gangster' film. I explore the formative role of cultural production in the circulation and critique of masculinist, or in the case of the screen 'outlaw' or 'gangster', hypermasculinist discourses, particularly as they intersect with issues of racial or ethnic difference. This in tum raises important questions about the transnational component of the urban political economy which is the favoured stomping ground of both the screen, and reallife, gangster. Subsequently the research tests the notion of a global register against which the iconographic figure of the male outlaw is constructed and the implications of this for broader cultural mythologies of race, nation and frontier, for instance as a prototypical narrative of American, English or Indian modernity. My argument is that film, as a culturally promiscuous yet tactical resource, is both the instance and the critique of 'the public enemy' or of the violence of our own self-constitution. It (film) produces and sustains the media gangster as a solipsistic medium through which burgeoning, and increasingly violent, neuroses about the role of masculinity are filtered. By engaging the psychotic underbelly of both visual culture and the foundational myths it indexes, my research synthesises otherwise discrete anxieties around race, desire and violence. It makes the case for how the outsider art of gangster films or spaghetti westerns recalibrates the level of violence we are prepared to live with. It ultimately reveals how it is outlaws in the guise of a domestic citizenry who convert life into myth and image by projecting society's fears back to it as style. Weare the frontier and psychosis is our signature.
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Mdedetyana, Lubabalo Sheperd. "Medical male circumcision and Xhosa masculinities: Tradition and transformation." University of the Western Cape, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6629.
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Magister Artium (Medical Anthropology) - MA(Med Ant)This research study investigates Xhosa men’s perceptions of voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) in Khayelitsha township (Cape Town). It explored whether the introduction of VMMC as a state HIV-prevention strategy had engendered shifts in constructions of masculinity and negative perceptions of men who had undergone VMMC. Previously traditional male circumcision (ulwaluko) was the preferred form of circumcision among amaXhosa and medical male circumcision (MMC) was viewed as alien to Xhosa culture. Xhosa-speaking men who had undergone MMC were stigmatised by peers and viewed as not being ‘real men’. VMMC has the potential to shift constructions of masculinity based on circumcision status. An ethnographic research study was carried out using qualitative research methods, including participant observation, individual interviews and focus group discussions. Data collection occurred over a 6-month period in the Mandela Park community, at Michael Maphongwana Clinic, and at a male initiation school. The study found that ulwaluko remains a definitive marker of masculine Xhosa identity and is still informed by culture and tradition. Despite VMMC, men who undergo ulwaluko continue to perceive men who choose MMC as ‘the other’ and not as ‘real men’. The study highlighted that VMMC advocates need to take cognisance of traditional notions of masculinity and address negative perceptions of men in Xhosa-speaking communities who have undergone VMMC.
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Wildschutt, Alvino Vernal. "The construction of young masculine sexualities in rural Western Cape." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2702.
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Thesis (MPhil (Sociology and Social Anthropology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2005.It is widely accepted that South African youth are particularly at risk of unplanned pregnancies and infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Research addressing the issue of HIV and reproductive health problems among young adolescents has largely focused on exploring the sexual behaviour of young women. The perceptions and attitudes of young men toward sexuality have been neglected, thus perpetuating gender bias. It is argued that the dominant focus on women is a flawed strategy for prevention and that researchers also need to listen to the voices of young men when it comes to studying sexuality (Thorpe, 2002; Morrell, 2002). The aim of this study is to explore how adolescent men in rural communities in the Western Cape experience and construct a masculine sexuality. Two-hundred-and-thirty-one Coloured adolescent men aged 12 to 20, who attend a rural high school in the Langeberg District, Western Cape, completed selfadministered anonymous questionnaires. The aim was to document (1) the range and extent of rural adolescent males’ sexual behaviour and (2) to determine the levels of knowledge and perceptions that rural adolescent men have regarding condom use and contraceptives, as well as the sources from which they receive their knowledge. Of the sample, 37.9% had had sexual intercourse before, 41% never used contraceptives when having sexual intercourse and almost 60% believed that the use of contraception is the women’s responsibility. In addition, 21 individual interviews were conducted with both sexually active and non- active rural adolescent men to understand how they construct a masculine sexuality. Interviews revealed that young men generally regret their first sexual experience and that the experience of having sexual intercourse does not necessarily prove that you are a ‘real man’. According to some of these young men, masculinity is not proven via sexual coercion or sexual intercourse, but being gentle and caring at all times. However, male-to-male sex is not considered masculine, but just perceived to be ‘morsig’ (disgusting).
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Grizzle, Oniffe D. "HOW AFRICAN AMERICAN COLLEGE MEN EXPERIENCED THEIR FIRST YEAR AT A PREDOMINANTLY WHITE, MID-WESTERN, REGIONAL, PUBLIC UNIVERSITY IN THE U.S." OpenSIUC, 2021. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1938.
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African American men’s graduation rates from institutions of higher education are among the lowest of any demographic group in the United States. I interviewed African American men who shared their narratives on how they lived out their manhood on a mid-western public regional four-year university campus. The purpose of the study was to garner insights from their stories, and to see how the lessons learned from their lived experiences could be applied to improve the first year experience for this segment of the student population. The combination of phenomenological and grounded theory research paradigms helped me to analyze the lived experiences of African American men in an institution of higher education milieu. The main themes that I identified after analyzing the collected data, using critical race theory as a key theoretical lens, were Black Masculinity, Being Seen, Brotherhood, Support Groups, and Ideations of Success. African American men’s complex and multi-dimensional masculinities called for a sense of commitment and responsibility to community, family, and brotherhood. The respondents’ goals of graduating are similar to all other student groups, and they are most likely to thrive in their first year of college if their Black masculinities are centered; they most likely will seek assistance when made to feel valued and seen by institutional and familial support systems. Keywords: Black Masculinity, Progressive masculinities, African American college men, African American men’s first year experience, critical race theory, regional campus, PWI
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Hersh, Samuel Joseph. "Manhood and War Making: The Literary Response to the Radicalization of Masculinity for the Purposes of WWI Propaganda." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1493915080610264.
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Waugh, James. "The wild man : a personal investigation /." View thesis, 1997. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030811.120651/index.html.
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Hall, Arthur Lewis. "The representation of aspects of Afrikaner and British masculinity in the first season of Arende (1989) by Paul C Venter and Dirk de Villiers : a critical analysis." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/33360.
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This study performs a critical analysis of the representation of Afrikaner and
British masculinity in the first season of the South African War (1899-1902)
television series Arende (1989-1993). The study first identifies key concepts in
both western identity and masculinity and then moves on to build an historical
theoretical base from which season one is analysed. This theoretical base is
created through the assimilation of historical sources dealing with masculinity and
masculine events from both the Afrikaners and the British.
In order to provide a suitable foundation for the investigation into masculinity, the
study first briefly explores the concept of identity and how it manifests in both the
Afrikaner and British society represented in the first season of Arende. This was
done by using a psychological model designed by Roy F Baumeister (1986) which
involves both individual and societal identity. Identity as a social construct is also
investigated, and the question why identity matters in society is discussed
Arguments for a structuralist semiotic approach to identity in a particular society
are presented.
In dealing with the overview of dominant western masculinity a number of key
terms were identified and discussed. These include patriarchy, the female body
and masculine control, social labelling, gender order and ‘women watching,’ the
family unit, division of labour and public and private space, hegemonic masculinity
and the male hero. After this overview, the study conducted an assimilation
exercise into historic Afrikaner and British masculinity during the time before and
after the South African War. This discussion centres on a number of points
dealing with both societies, namely the model male, male military tradition,
masculine rebels/outcasts and other masculine issues, and male relations with
women.
The final part of this study involves the analysis of the masculine theory,
generated in the previous chapter, on the Arende text. This was done by selecting six characters from each of the two societies in season one and describing how
they represent themselves in a masculine manner (or not).Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
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Schmiedl, Dominic [Verfasser], Brigitte [Akademischer Betreuer] Georgi-Findlay, Katja [Akademischer Betreuer] Kanzler, and Evelyne [Akademischer Betreuer] Keitel. "Crisis and Masculinity on Contemporary Cable Television : Tracing the Western Hero in "Breaking Bad", "The Walking Dead" and "Hell on Wheels" / Dominic Schmiedl. Gutachter: Brigitte Georgi-Findlay ; Katja Kanzler ; Evelyne Keitel. Betreuer: Brigitte Georgi-Findlay." Dresden : Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1075704812/34.
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Harwood, Susan. "Gendering change : an immodest manifesto for intervening in masculinist organisations." Western Australia. Police Service, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0017.
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[Truncated abstract] Conservative, incremental and modest approaches to redressing gendered workplace cultures have had limited success in challenging the demographic profile of densely masculinist workplaces. In this thesis I draw on a study of women in police work to argue that combating highly institutionalised, entrenched masculinist practices calls for more than modesty. Indeed the study shows that ambitious, even contentious, recommendations for new procedures can play an important role when the goal is tangible change in cultures where there is an excess of men. In conclusion I posit the need for some bold risk-taking, alongside incremental tactics, if the aim is to change the habits and practices of masculinist organisations . . . This dissertation maps that interventionist process across a four-year period. In assessing the role played by the feminist methodology I analyse what people can learn to see and say about organisational practices, how they participate in or seek to undermine various forms of teamwork, as well as how individual team members display their new understandings and behaviours. I conclude that the techniques for supporting women in authoritarian, densely masculinist workplaces should include some bold and highly visible ‘critical acts’, based on commitment from the top coupled to strongly motivated and highly informed teamwork.
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Lyness, Andrew S. "Dreams of Mobility in the American West: Transients, Anti-Homeless Campaigns, & Shelter Services in Boulder, Colorado." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1417675567.
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Hughes, Camryn E. "Postmodern Blackness: Writing Melanin Against a White Backdrop." Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1619188755992646.
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Fairlamb, Brian. "Men of the West : the influence of Hollywood Westerns and their stars upon the depiction of masculinity in the films of Godard and Truffaut." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327316.
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Karlsson, Therese. "Tales of Testosterone : A Historical Study of the Science of the Male Hormone in Male Menopause and Homosexuality." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-123111.
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Berättelsen om testosteronet. En historisk studie av vetenskapen om det manliga könshormonet inom det manliga klimakteriet och homosexualitet. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur historien och idéerna om manliga klimakteriet och testosteron är kopplade till de idéer som finns om sexualitet, moral och hur läkarna såg på det manliga klimakteriet. Syftet är också att förstå hur idéerna om det manliga klimakteriet har förändrats från 1920-talet jämfört med idag och hur det har diskuterats under åren av forskare. Vikten av testosteron och vilken roll idéerna om testosteron har spelat är också av betydelse för syftet i denna uppsats. I uppsatsen använder jag sociologen Peter Conrads teori om medikalisering. Conrad beskriver medikalisering genom att säga att det är en process där icke medicinska problem förändras och bli definierade och behandlas som medicinska problem och detta görs vanligen i form av sjukdom och störningar. I den här uppsatsen beskriver jag hur idéer om ett manligt klimakterium utvecklades under perioden 1920-talet – 1960-talet. Jag beskriver de idéer forskarna och läkarna hade om vad ett manligt klimakterium kunde vara. I uppsatsen undersöks även vilken effekt upptäckten av testosteron hade på idéer om det manliga klimakteriet. Debatten som läkarna har haft om det finns ett manligt klimakterium eller inte behandlas även i uppsatsen. I uppsatsen presenterar jag fyra olika svenska läkare och en finsk läkare från perioden 1920-talet – 1960-talet och behandlar deras idéer om det manliga klimakteriet och testosteron. Då diskussionen vänder sig till testosteronet presenterar jag Paul de Kruif som publicerade boken The Male Hormone (1945) och var en av de första att göra reklam för testosteronbehandling. Jag beskriver även medikaliseringen av det manliga klimakteriet och testosteron och varför det manliga klimakteriet och testosteron inte fick samma genomslag som det kvinnliga. I denna uppsats behandlas också förhållandet mellan de manliga könshormonen och homosexualitet. Jag undersöker varför läkare försökte använda testosteron och andra manliga hormon som ”botemedel” av homosexuella män och jag beskriver ett experiment som gjordes på homosexuella av den svenska doktorn Erik Lundberg.The purpose of this essay is to investigate the history and ideas of the male menopause and testosterone and how they are linked to ideas about sexuality, morality and how the doctors viewed the male menopause. The aim is also to understand how ideas about the male menopause has changed from the 1920’s compared to today and how it has been discussed by scientists. The importance of testosterone and the role the ideas of testosterone have played is also of importance for the purpose of this essay. In the essay, I use the sociologist Peter Conrad's theory of medicalization. Conrad describes medicalization by saying that it is a process where non-medical problems change and become defined and treated as medical problems, and this is usually done in the form of disease and disorders. In this essay, I describe how the ideas of a male menopause evolved in the period 1920’s - 1960’s. I describe the ideas scientists and doctors had about what a male menopause could be. This essay also examines the impact the discovery of testosterone had on ideas about the male menopause. The debate that doctors have had if there is a male menopause or not is also discussed in the essay. In this essay, I present four Swedish doctors and a Finnish doctor from the period 1920’s - 1960’s and their ideas about the male menopause and testosterone. When the discussion turns to testosterone, I present Paul de Kruif who published the book The Male Hormone (1945) and was one of the first to promote testosterone treatment. I also describe the medicalization of male menopause and testosterone and why the male menopause and testosterone did not have the same impact as the female menopause. This essay also discusses the relationship between the male hormone and homosexuality. I examine why doctors tried to use testosterone and other male hormones as a "cure" of gay men and I describe an experiment conducted on homosexuals by the Swedish doctor Erik Lundberg.
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Dyer, Rebekah Mary. "Multivalence, liminality, and the theological imagination : contextualising the image of fire for contemporary Christian practice." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/16452.
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This thesis contends that the image of fire is a multivalent and theologically valuable image for application in British Christian communities. My research offers an original contribution by contextualising the image of fire for Christian practice in Britain, and combining critical observation of several contemporary fire rites with theological analysis. In addition, I conduct original case studies of three Scottish fire rituals: the Stonehaven Fireball Ceremony, the Beltane Fire Festival, and Up-Helly-Aa in Lerwick, Shetland. The potential contribution of fire imagery to Christian practice has been overlooked by modern theological scholarship, social anthropologists, and Christian practitioners. Since the multivalence of the image has not been fully recognised, fire imagery has often been reduced to a binary of ‘positive' and ‘negative' associations. Through my study of non-faith fire rituals and existing Christian fire practices, I explore the interplay between multivalence, multiplicity, and liminality in fire imagery. I demonstrate that deeper theological engagement with the image of fire can enhance participation, transformation, and reflection in transitional ritual experience. I argue that engaging with the multivalence of the image of fire could allow faith communities to move beyond dominant interpretive frameworks and apply the image within their own specific context. First, I orientate the discussion by examining the multivalence of biblical fire imagery and establishing the character of fire within the British social imagination. Second, I use critical observation of community fire practices in non-faith contexts to build a new contextual framework for the analysis of fire imagery. Finally, I apply my findings to a contextual analysis of existing Christian fire practices in Britain. Throughout, I argue that sensory and imaginative interaction with the image of fire provides a way to communicate and interact with theological ideas; experience personal and communal change; and mediate experience of the sacred.
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Johnson, Corey W. ""Gone country : negotiating masculinity in a country-western gay bar." 2002. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga%5Fetd/johnson%5Fcorey%5Fw%5F200208%5Fphd.
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Angus, Fiona. "Key to the midway : masculinity at work in a Western Canadian carnival." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/12859.
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Arising out of an intensive participant-observation research project in which the researcher travelled with a Western Canadian carnival for several months in 1996, working and living as a carnival employee, this ethnographic study1 of workers in the carnival explores the intersection of gender, race, and social class that provides a work force who willingly undertake jobs that are characterized by hardship and exploitation. The subjective understandings of the workers towards their work and living conditions underscore the salience of gender (particularly protest masculinity) and social class (lower tier of the working class) and illuminate the finding that, far from seeing themselves as oppressed, the workers celebrate their work and the physical toll that it takes on their bodies. The carnival is male-dominated, and the social construction of masculinity combines with the heavy physical demands of most of the carnival jobs to produce a work environment with conditions that defy common-sense understandings of safety and endurance, but which the male workers, through their adherence to masculinist ideals of strength and heroism, use to express their glorification of heavy, physical labour. The research also demonstrates how racialization processes outside the carnival predispose male Aboriginal and Metis workers to seek and find employment in the carnival, and that, despite the dominance of White owners and workers, no evidence of discriminatory labour or social practices was located within the carnival culture itself. Also examined is the issue of mental labour in a working-class environment, not from the traditional standpoint found in most academic discussions of the mental-manual oppositional dichotomy, but from the perspective of the practitioners themselves in the carnival's games, where the use of interpersonal skills is critical to their financial and social success. Despite the relatively few women in the carnival, their presence serves to validate one of the key tenets of protest masculinity — the norm of heterosexuality. Most of the young women in the carnival practice "emphasized femininity", a kind of femininity constructed in relation to masculinity, and designed to attract the eyes and bodies of men. This thesis examines some key concepts in protest masculinity and emphasized femininity, such as violence, mental and manual labour, and social activities, blending in issues of gender, racialization and social class, to add to the growing literature on working class cultures.
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Barrow, Ann. "Homeless on the range : masculinity and the orphan myth in the American Western, 1950-1990 /." 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNR11547.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2005. Graduate Programme in Communication and Culture.Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 254-293). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNR11547
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Wood, Eric. "Blurring the boundaries David Bowie's and Boy George's redefinition of masculinity in late twentieth century Western culture /." 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pMQ82965.
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Thesis (M.A.)--York University, 2002. Graduate Programme in Ethnomusicology.Typescript. Name on certificate page : Eric James Alexander Wood. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 219-224). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pMQ82965.
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Taliep, Naiema. "Process evaluation of the development of a community-based participatory intervention promoting positive masculinity and peace and safety: addressing interpersonal violence in a Western Cape community." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20226.
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Text in EnglishGiven the high rates of male homicides, victimisation and the perpetration of violence by men in South Africa, the prevention of interpersonal violence among males constitutes a major public health priority. The lack of effective strategies to address the onset and effects of exposure to violence foregrounds the need for innovative strategies to address this problem in South Africa. Within this context, this doctoral study’s primary research objective was to evaluate the processes and steps used to plan, design and develop a community-based violence prevention intervention that mobilised spiritual capacity and religious assets to promote positive forms of masculinity, and peace and safety. This doctoral research was part of a broader study entitled, ‘Spiritual Capacity and Religious Assets for Transforming Community Health by Mobilising Males for Peace and Safety’ (SCRATCHMAPS), which aimed to identify and mobilise spiritual capacity and religious assets, in particular communities in South Africa and the USA, in order to address interpersonal violence. This study was framed by a critical public health lens, and was guided by a Community-based Participatory Research (CBPR) orientation and community engagement strategy throughout every step of the development of the intervention and the initial evaluation of the manual development process. The overall research design was a participatory process evaluation. Methods used for this process evaluation included community asset mapping, surveys, focus group discussions, research-based workshops, diary reflections, a photo-documentary, meeting minutes, process notes and participatory observations. The analysis of the multiple sets of data was conducted appropriately, relevant to the particular data collection methods pursued and the demands of both qualitative and quantitative methods of analysis. Findings from this study confirm the utility and efficacy of using a critical public health framework enacted through CBPR for developing an intervention that addresses the complexity of violence. The results further demonstrated that a strength or asset-based, gender-sensitive approach, with men working alongside women, is conducive to promoting positive forms of masculinity to create safety and peace.
Psychology
Ph. D. (Psychology)
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Schmiedl, Dominic. "Crisis and Masculinity on Contemporary Cable Television: Tracing the Western Hero in "Breaking Bad", "The Walking Dead" and "Hell on Wheels"." Doctoral thesis, 2014. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A28861.
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Both the “crisis of masculinity” and “quality TV” have been popular discourses in academia in recent years. Many of these contemporary quality TV series feature male anti-heroes at the center of their narratives. This dissertation argues that the constructions of masculinity in series such as "Breaking Bad" and "The Walking Dead" are informed by the Western hero.
Furthermore, the dissertation links this recourse to an arguably outmoded model of masculinity to recent crisis tendencies in the USA, most notably the recent economic downturn and the aftermath of September 11 2001. Moreover, the return of the Western hero can be understood as a process of remasculinization in light of the crisis of masculinity.
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Culy, Anna M. "Clothing their identities : competing ideas of masculinity and identity in Meiji Japanese culture." 2013. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1721294.
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This is an in-depth analysis of competing cultural ideas at a pivotal time in Japanese history through study of masculinity and identity. Through diaries, newspaper articles, and illustrations found in popular periodicals of the Meiji period, it is evident that there were two major groups who espoused very different sets of ideals competing for the favor of the masses and the control of Japanese progress in the modern world. Manner of dress, comportment, hygiene, and various other parts of outward appearance signified the mentality and ideology of the person in question. One group espoused traditional Japanese ideas of masculinity and dress while another advocated embracing Western dress and culture. This, in turn, explained their opinions on the direction they believed Japan should take. Throughout the Meiji period (1868-1912), the two ideas grew and competed for supremacy until the late Meiji period when they merged to form a traditional-minded modernity.Department of History
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Lemieux, Lefebvre Catherine. ""Gender trouble" westernien : les représentations genrées dans les westerns de l'âge d'or étasunien (1948-1962)." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11982.
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Les westerns de l’âge d’or étasunien (1948-1962) mettent en scène un "gender trouble" en créant des personnages de femmes et d’hommes qui empruntent les uns et les autres aux caractéristiques genrées associées par la société nord-américaine et occidentale en général aux genres binaires du féminin et du masculin. Ce trouble genré se développe entre autres par la volonté de trois hommes de recréer la cellule familiale nucléaire conventionnelle dans "Red River" (1948) de Howard Hawks, par le rapport de peur et d’oppression du groupe social sur les individus dans "High Noon" (1952) de Fred Zinnemann et "Johnny Guitar" (1954) de Nicholas Ray, ainsi que par la rencontre opposant l’homme de l’Est et l’homme de l’Ouest dont les idéologies et les valeurs divergent dans "The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance" (1962) de John Ford.Golden Age American westerns movies (1948-1962) display "gender trouble" by creating male and female characters who borrow gendered characteristics from one another. In North American and Western societies en general, these characteristics are associated with binary feminine and masculine gender constructions. For instance, "gender trouble" develops in three men's attempt to recreate a conventional nuclear family cell in Howard Hawk's "Red River" (1948), in a social group's fearful and oppressive dynamic in Fred Zinnemann's "High Noon" (1952) and Nicholas Ray's "Johnny Guitar" (1954) and in the meeting between Eastern and Western men whose ideologies and values clash in John Ford's "The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance" (1962).