Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'WFMT'

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Computação<br>Made available in DSpace on 2012-10-23T11:49:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 241090.pdf: 1516103 bytes, checksum: 10dac18237f5be877bca545e510929e5 (MD5)

This master's thesis is focusing to create an operational CRM system in web interface of SystemBaker application in company environment – specifically for company named Mathesio s.r.o. In theoretical part there are explained concepts and technologies, which are needed to know to fully comprehend background of the developed application. Then there are introduced possible forms of developing this application, which serve for later assessment of economic benefits of this development form. In practical part there is de-scribed structure of database, use-cases and operational solution of this application and then economical assessment of benefits of this style of development.

A tecnologia de workflow encontra-se atualmente ainda em fase inicial, porém, apresentando um grande crescimento nos últimos anos. Negócios em todo mundo estão usando o suporte automatizado do workflow para tornar suas ilhas de automação administrativas em eficiente e efetivos instrumentos com conseqüências comerciais importantes. Esta tecnologia facilita, através de softwares e metodologias, a modelagem do processo de negócio como uma especificação de workflow, a reengenharia de processos especificados e, finalmente, a automação do processo de negócio. Porém, não existe uma padronização para esta tecnologia. Uma atenção especial está sendo dada por parte dos pesquisadores no intuito de padronizar conceitos que sejam aceitos pela comunidade em geral, ou seja, usuários, desenvolvedores e os próprios pesquisadores. Este trabalho tem como finalidade apresentar e discutir esta tecnologia, mais especificamente sobre uma de suas funcionalidades, a alocação de atividades. A alocação de atividades é responsável pela distribuição das atividades às pessoas aptas por sua execução. Os principais conceitos envolvidos na tecnologia são citados e comentados. O problema da alocação é apresentado, discutido e soluções são propostas. Finalmente, é implementado um protótipo para avaliar e validar as idéias apresentadas.<br>The workflow technology is in an initial phase, however, it has been growing in the last years. Business all over the world are using automated support of workflow to turn their islands of automated administrations into an efficient and effective instrument with important commercial consequences. This technology makes easy the business process modeling as a workflow specification, the process specification reengineering and, last, the business process automation, by the use of software and methodologies. However, a standard for this technology does not exist. A special attention has been giving by the academic community to obtain a standard, which will be accepted by the users, the developers and the academic comunity. This work has the goal of presenting and discussing this techonology, more specifically about the problem of activities allocation in a workflow system. The activities allocation is responsible for the distribution of an activity to the right person. The main concepts related to workflow are presented and discussed. The allocation problem is presented, discussed and solutions are suggested. A prototype is implemented to evaluate the presented ideas.

Bakgrund Hållbar utveckling har ett ökande fokus i samhället. Dagligen nämns det i samhällsdebatten och media om åtgärder för att främja och upprätthålla välståndet i en värld som hela tiden påminns om den pågående klimatförändringen.  Arbetsterapeututbildningen har idag endast ett fåtal kurser som har en inriktning mot hållbar utveckling medan behovet av kunskap för förståelse av sambandet mellan ämnet och arbetsterapi ökar. Studiens syfte är att beskriva arbetsterapeutstudenters kunskaper och attityder till hållbar utveckling. Kvantitativ metod användes i en egenutformad enkätundersökning. Deltagarna studerade sista terminen på arbetsterapeutprogrammet. Total 28 enkäter besvarades. Insamlade data sammanställdes via statistikprogrammet SPSS och analyserades deskriptivt.  Studiens resultat visar att deltagarna tycker att det är viktigt att få kunskap om hållbar utveckling och att man under utbildningen får möjlighet att lära sig mer om ämnet. Deltagarna angav att det fanns ett intresse av att arbeta med hållbar utveckling i sin kommande profession, men att flera inte känner sig tillräckligt förberedda. Författarnas slutsats är att ämnet hållbar utveckling behöver inkluderas mer under utbildningen för att öka kunskapen och ta vara på den kompetens arbetsterapeuter har som kan bidra till samhällets och individens hälsa.

[EN] In this thesis a real application related to the string correction process from an OCR classifier in a form digitizing task is presented. These strings come from a classifier with a given error ratio that implies that some characters in the string have been potentially misclassified, producing erroneous words. This raises the need to introduce some kind of postprocess to improve the strings. The implementation of such postprocess takes into account all the available evidence in a given moment. In the case proposed here, these evidences are the charactersrecognized by the classifier with their posterior probabilities, the confusion matrix between symbols and the language model finally accepted. Each evidence is modelled independently by means of a WFST and then combined by means of the composition operation into a single integrated automata. From this automata, the path that maximizes the probability is selected. This path is the string, that belongs to the language model, that is the nearest string to the OCR hypothesis according to the confusion matrix. The final system offers two different results: on the one hand the corrected string, on the other hand the transformation cost produced during the string correction. Additionally, it is proposed a general method of error estimation using the input string transformation cost that establishes a threshold in terms of the cost and the proposed end-user parameter: the acceptable final error. This thesis presents a method for estimating adaptive rejection threshold estimation that allows for a certain percentage of error in a lot of strings from one language (sample) that presents several advantages. On the one hand, it is independent from transformation cost postprocessing distribution of such samples. On the other hand, it allows the user to set the threshold for a familiar and advantageous manner, as is setting the desired rate of sampling error. For this, first, and for a given language, a model that estimates the probability of error associated with the acceptation of postprocessed strings with a given transformation cost is defined. Then, the procedure that performs the rejection threshold estimation adaptively in order to achieve predefined rate error for a test batch is presented. In addition, an approach to obtain the above model is proposed when there are no real and supervised OCR hypothesis in the learning stage. The chapter is accompanied by experiments whose results demonstrate the utility of the proposed method. Next, linking in somehow with the search for an increased productivity in a possible string validation task, of previously strings rejected by the system through the foregoing error estimation method, a method of multimodal and interactive human-computer interaction that composes the above information with the prefix introduced by the user, while the validation process occurs, making use, for this, of WFST and the automata composition operation. The search for the most likely string for each new interaction offered by the user, in the composed automata, presented here, shows a clear increase in productivity by requiring fewer keystrokes in obtaining the correct string. Finally, a tolerant fault multimodal and interactive interface, using also WFST, is shown by making the composition of different information sources together with an error model related with the possible confusion caused due to the arrangement of keys on a keyboard. The application shown in this case is related to the introduction of a destination into a GPS device where is considered both the information related to the next destinations to a specific place, such as the information related to the entered prefix and errors that may occur due to the arrangement of keys on the input device considered.<br>[ES] En esta tesis se presenta inicialmente una aplicación real de corrección de cadenas procedentes de un clasificador OCR en una tarea de digitalización de formularios. Estas cadenas, proceden de un clasificador con cierta probabilidad de error, lo que implica la posibilidad de que alguno de los caracteres pertenecientes a una palabra sea erróneo, produciendo finalmente palabras incorrectas. Esto plantea la necesidad de introducir algún tipo de postproceso que mejore dichas cadenas. Para implementar dicho postproceso, se tienen en cuenta todas las evidencias disponibles en un momento dado. En el caso propuesto aquí serán los caracteres reconocidos por el propio clasificador con su probabilidad a posteriori, la matriz de confusión entre símbolos y el modelo de lenguaje finalmente aceptado. Cada una de estas evidencias se modela de manera independiente en forma de un WFST. Una vez modeladas se fusionan mediante la operación de composición de autómatas en un único autómata integrado. A partir de este autómata, se selecciona el camino que maximiza la probabilidad y que corresponde con la cadena perteneciente al lenguaje más cercana a la hipótesis OCR según la matriz de confusión entre símbolos. El sistema final ofrecerá dos resultados diferentes: por una parte la cadena corregida y por otra el coste de transformación de dicha corrección. Por otra parte, se plantea un método general de estimación del error frente a un coste de transformación de las cadenas de entrada que permite establecer un umbral dinámico en función de dicho coste y un parámetro propuesto por el usuario final: el error final asumible. Para ello en esta tesis se presenta un método adaptativo de estimación del umbral de rechazo que permite estimarlo para obtener un determinado porcentaje de error en un lote de cadenas de un lenguaje (muestra) que presenta diversas ventajas. Por un lado, es independiente de la distribución de los costes de transformación de dichas muestras. Por otro lado, permite al usuario establecer el umbral de una manera familiar y ventajosa, como es fijando la tasa de error deseada de la muestra. Para todo ello, en primer lugar, y para un lenguaje dado, se define un modelo que estima la probabilidad de error asociada a aceptar cadenas con un coste de transformación determinado. A continuación, se expone el procedimiento que lleva a cabo la estimación del umbral de rechazo de manera adaptativa con el objetivo de alcanzar la tasa de error predefinida para un lote de test. Además, se propone una aproximación para la obtención del modelo anterior cuando no se dispone de hipótesis OCR reales y supervisadas en la etapa de aprendizaje. Seguidamente y enlazando en cierta forma con la búsqueda de un incremento de productividad en una posible validación de las cadenas, previamente rechazadas por el sistema a través del método de estimación del error anteriormente expuesto, se presenta un método de interacción persona-máquina multimodal e interactivo que fusiona la información anterior junto al prefijo introducido, por el propio usuario, durante dicho proceso de validación, haciendo uso para ello de los WFST y la operación de composición de autómatas. Para finalizar, se muestra otra interfaz multimodal e interactiva tolerante a fallos, mediante la fusión de diferentes fuentes de información junto a un modelo de error relacionado con las posibles confusiones producidas debido a la disposición de las teclas de un teclado. Para ello, se hace uso también de WFST para su modelado. La aplicación mostrada en este caso está relacionada con la introducción de un destino en un dispositivo GPS y en ella se considera, tanto la información de los destinos próximos a un lugar concreto, como la información relativa al prefijo introducido y los errores que pueden aparecer debido a la propia disposición de las teclas en el dispositivo de entrada.<br>[CAT] En aquesta tesi es presenta inicialment una aplicació real de correcció de cadenes procedents d'un classificador OCR en una tasca de digitalització de formularis. Aquestes cadenes, procedeixen d'un classificador amb una determinada probabilitat d'error, la qual cosa implica la possibilitat de que algun dels caràcters que pertanyen a una paraula siga erroni, produint finalment paraules incorrectes. Això planteja la necessitat d'introduir algun tipus de postprocés que millore aquestes cadenes. Per implementar aquest postprocés, es tenen en compte totes les evidències disponibles en un moment donat. En el cas proposat ací, seran els caràcters reconeguts pel propi classificador amb la seua probabilitat a posteriori, la matriu de confusió entre símbols i el model de llenguatge finalment acceptat. Cadascuna d'aquestes evidències es modela de manera independent en forma d'un WFST. Una vegada modelades es fusionen mitjançant l'operació de composició d'autòmats en un únic autòmat integrat. A partir d'aquest autòmat, es selecciona el camí que fa màxima la probabilitat i que es correspon amb la cadena més propera a la hipòtesi OCR que pertany al llenguatge segons la matriu de confusió entre símbols. El sistema final oferirà dos resultats diferents: d'una banda la cadena corregida, i d'una altra, el cost de transformació d'aquesta correcció. D'una altra banda, es planteja un mètode general d'estimació de l'error front al cost de transformació de les cadenes d'entrada que permet establir un llindar dinàmic en funció d'aquest cost i un paràmetre proposat per l'usuari final: l'error final assumible. Per això en aquesta tesi es presenta un mètode adaptatiu d'estimació de rebuig, amb la finalitat d'obtindre un determinat percentatge d'error en un lot de cadenes d'un llenguatge (mostra) que presenta diversos avantatges. D'una banda és independent de la distribució dels costos de transformació de les mostres esmentades. D'altra banda, permet l'usuari establir el llindar d'una manera familiar i avantatjosa, com és fixant la tasa d'error desitjada per la mostra. Per tot això, en primer lloc, i donat un llenguatge, es defineix un model que estima la probabilitat d'error associada a acceptar cadenes amb un cost de transformació determinat. A continuació, s'exposa el procediment que du a terme l'estimació del llindar de rebuig de manera adaptativa amb l'objectiu de arribar a la tasa d'error predefinida per a un lot de test. A més a més, es proposa una aproximació per a obtindre el model anterior quant no es disposa d'hipòtesi OCR reals i supervisades a l'etapa d'aprenentatge. Seguidament, i enllaçant amb la recerca d'un increment en la productivitat en una possible validació de cadenes prèviament rebutjades pel sistema a través del mètode d'estimació de l'error anteriorment exposat, es presenta un mètode d'interacció persona-màquina multimodal i interactiu que fusiona la informació anterior, juntament amb el prefix introduït pel propi usuari durant l'esmentat procés de validació, fent ús dels WFST i l'operació de composició d'autòmats. La recerca de la cadena més probable, en cada nova interacció oferida per l'usuari ens mostra un clar increment de la productivitat, al requerir un nombre menor de pulsacions de teclat per obtindre la cadena correcta. Per finalitzar, es mostra una altra interfície multimodal i interactiva tolerant a errades, mitjançant la fusió de diferents fonts d'informació juntament a un model d'error relacionat amb les possibles confusions produïdes a causa de la disposició de les lletres d'un teclat. En aquest cas es fa ús també dels WFST en el seu modelat. L'aplicació mostrada en aquest cas està relacionada amb la introducció d'una destinació en un dispositiu GPS i en aquesta es considera tant la informació pròxima a un lloc concret, com la informació relativa al prefix introduït, junt als errors que poden aparèixer a causa de la pròpia dispos<br>Navarro Cerdán, JR. (2016). Aplicaciones de los autómatas transductores finitos con pesos (WFST) en la corrección simbólica en interfaces persona-máquina [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/62688<br>TESIS

Topic of the thesis is to design universal tool magazine for tool exchange SK50 for horisontal drilling machine WFT 13 with industry robot. Thesis is tasked by company Fermat CZ s.r.o. In the first part of the thesis there are shown various executions of automatically tool exchange. In second part there is an analysis of solved magazine and posibility of its construction. In third part there is structural design of the magazine and calculation report of selected parts. Supplement of the thesis are also drawing documentation and 3D model of the magazine.

Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Centre for Rehabilitation Studies, Faculty Health Sciences, University of ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Stellenbosch, South Africa, delivers a rehabilitation training programme to its MBChB students. The aim of this programme is to equip graduates with the knowledge, skills and attitudes to manage persons with disabilities in the community which aligns with both the faculty mission and the National Department of Health’s 2010 Plan. In line with rehabilitation philosophies a generic approach using the International Classification of Function, Disability and Health is used in this programme. Feedback has been received from the students at the end of each of the rehabilitation modules and the programme has been reviewed annually by the Module Chair Persons and Rehabilitation Programme Co-ordinator. It had however never been formally evaluated and hence the need for this study. In this study a cross-sectional description of the programme was made using the framework of the World Health Organisation approved World Federation for Medical Education’s Global Standards for basic medical education. Sixty five themes were arranged according to the original nine areas of the standards. Interviews and questionnaires were designed and documentation was reviewed to obtain quantitative and qualitative data from direct and indirect stakeholders from nine population samples. Participants included faculty staff, students as well as rehabilitation experts and persons with disabilities. The analysis of the results of the data collected between March and September 2011 showed that the programme was compliant against 40 of the 65 indicators. The programme was compliant regarding the area pertaining to the mission and objectives and largely compliant regarding the content and delivery of the programme. Where there was non compliance or room for improvement regarding the content, delivery and assessment of the students, recommendations were made, reviewed by the programme committee in November 2011 and implementation was planned for January 2012. Shortcomings identified in the training and support of teaching staff, availability of training resources and in the administrative support of the programme were referred to the Head of the Centre for Rehabilitation Studies. Non-compliance regarding electives and enrolment of medical students with disabilities was considered beyond the immediate control of the programme and were to be referred to the Faculty Health Sciences management. The results showed non-compliance of monitoring and evaluation of the programme, supporting the original need for this study. The indicators were deemed comprehensive and relevant for this evaluation of the rehabilitation programme. It was recommended that four indicators be refined according to the results of this study and that the lists of heath conditions and bio psychosocial problems that persons with disability experience be further validated. Three changes to the tools were recommended should they be used for repeat evaluations of the programme. It was recommended that the methods used to monitor the programme be reviewed allowing for more specific feedback against selected indicators, with wider stakeholder input including lecturers. A final recommendation was that the post of the Rehabilitation Programme Co-ordinator be evaluated in order to effect these recommendations.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Sentrum vir Rehabilitasie Studies, Fakulteit Gesondheidswetenskappe, Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Suid-Afrika, lewer 'n rehabilitasie-opleidingsprogram aan sy MBChB-studente. Die doel van hierdie program is om gegradueerdes met die nodige kennis, vaardighede en gesindhede toe te rus om persone met gestremdhede in die gemeenskap te kan behandel wat in lyn is met die fakulteit se missie en die Nasionale Departement van Gesondheid se 2010 Plan. In ooreenstemming met rehabilitasie filosofieë word 'n generiese benadering volgens die Internasionale Klassifikasie van Funksie, Gestremdheid en Gesondheid in hierdie program gebruik. Terugvoer is van die studente aan die einde van elk van die rehabilitasie modules ontvang en die program is jaarliks deur die Module voorsitter en Rehabilitasie Program-koördineerder hersien. Dit was egter nooit formeel geëvalueer nie en daarom die behoefte vir hierdie studie. In hierdie studie is 'n deursnee beskrywing van die program gemaak deur gebruik te maak van die raamwerk van die Wêreld-Gesondheidsorganisasie goedgekeurde Wêreld Federasie van Mediese Onderwys se globale standaarde vir basiese mediese opleiding. Vyf-en-sestig temas is volgens die oorspronklike nege gebiede van die standaarde gerangskik. Onderhoude en vraelyste is ontwerp en dokumentasie is hersien om kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe data te verkry van direkte en indirekte belanghebbendes uit nege bevolking monsters. Deelnemers het fakulteit personeel, studente, sowel as rehabilitasie kundiges en persone met gestremdhede ingesluit. Die ontleding van die resultate van die data wat ingesamel is tussen Maart en September 2011 het getoon dat die program aan 40 van die 65 aanwysers voldoen. Die program voldoen met betrekking tot die gebied van die missie en doelwitte en is grootliks in ooreenstemming met betrekking tot die inhoud en aflewering van die program. Waar daar nie-nakoming was of ruimte vir verbetering ten opsigte van die inhoud, lewering en beoordeling van die student was, is aanbevelings gemaak in November 2011, deur die program komitee hersien en implementering was vir Januarie 2012 beplan. Leemtes geïdentifiseer in die opleiding en ondersteuning van die doserende personeel, die beskikbaarheid van opleiding hulpbronne en in die administratiewe ondersteuning van die program is verwys na die Hoof van die Sentrum vir Rehabilitasiestudies. Nie-nakoming ten opsigte van elektiwe en die inskrywing van mediese studente met gestremdhede was buite die onmiddellike beheer van die program oorweeg en sou na die Fakulteit Gesondheidswetenskappe verwys word. Die resultate het nie-nakoming van monitering en evaluering van die program getoon, wat die oorspronklike behoefte vir hierdie studie ondersteun het. Die aanwysers was omvattend geag en relevant vir die evaluering van die rehabilitasieprogram. Dit was aanbeveel dat vier van die aanwysers volgens die resultate van hierdie studie verfyn moet word en dat die lyste van die Gesondheids kondisies en bio-psigososiale probleme wat persone met gestremdhede ervaar verder valideer moet word. Drie veranderinge is aan die instrumente aanbeveel sou hulle vir herevaluering van die program gebruik word. Dit is aanbeveel dat die metodes wat gebruik word om die program te monitor, hersien moet word, met voorsiening vir meer spesifieke terugvoer teen gekose aanwysers, met wyer belanghebbendes se insette insluitend dosente. 'n Finale aanbeveling was dat die pos van die rehabilitasie-program-koördineerder geëvalueer moet word ten einde hierdie aanbevelings aan te bring.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-17T14:52:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Hugo Sampaio Fialho.pdf: 1392552 bytes, checksum: e55123b12ce9538699537f943a47229e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-11-26<br>FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA E AO DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTIFICO E TECNOLÓGICO DO MARANHÃO<br>The Workflow Management Systems (WfMS) have been used in many organizations with the objective of reducing, improve and control the workflow in their internal process. Current WfMS are, usually, designed to the administration of loosely structured businesses process, where the logical flow of the tasks totally predefined. However, not all business processess are like this. With the coming of the new communication technologies among the 6 organizations, the business environment becoming more and more dynamic demanding more complex processes. Considering this scenario, existent WfMS have some disadvantages and limitations and need improvements and modifications. Many researchers have been exploring the power of software agent's technology to provide solutions for current WfMS. There are several approaches, some are improvements with agents, another are based on agents. In this work we present the WorkFlage as a tool for the development Workflow Management Systems based on to technologies of Software Agents for the model proposed by the project WEICOT. The work is organized in 9 chapters where we cover from the technology of Workflow, going through a summary of the agents' technology, the state of the art in workflow based on agents, to case stud y of materials purchase where we demonstrate the application of the WorkFlage tool. At the end of this work we will make some final considerations where we propose improvements and suggestions for future works.<br>Os Sistemas de Gerenciamento de Workflow (WfMS) tem sido utilizados em muitas organizações com o objetivo de reduzir, melhorar e controlar o fluxo de trabalho nos seus processos internos. Os WfMS atuais são, quase sempre, voltados para o gerenciamento de processo de negócios pouco estruturados onde o fluxo lógico das tarefas é totalmente predefinido. Porém, nem todos os processos de negócios são assim. Com o advento das novas tecnologias de comunicação entre as organizações, o ambiente do negócio está se tornando cada vez mais dinâmico e vem exigindo processos mais complexos. Diante deste cenário, os WfMS existentes tem algumas desvantagens e limitações e necessitam de melhorias e modificações. Muitos pesquisadores têm explorado o poder da tecnologia de agente de software para prover soluções para os WfMS atuais. Há varias abordagens, algumas são melhorias com agentes, outras são baseadas em agentes. Neste trabalho apresentamos a WorkFlage como uma ferramenta para o desenvolvimento de Sistemas de Gerenciamento de Workflow baseado na tecnologia de Agentes de Software, utilizando o modelo proposto pelo projeto WEICOT. O trabalho esta organizado em 9 capítulos onde abordamos deste a tecnologia de Workflow, passando por um resumo da tecnologia de agentes, o estado da arte em Workflows baseados em agentes, indo até um estudo de caso de compra de materiais onde demonstramos a aplicação da ferramenta WorkFlage. Ao final deste trabalho faremos algumas considerações finais onde propomos melhorias e sugestões para trabalhos futuros.

Laboratories within quality control are very complicated to schedule due to the high product mix and diversified products tested with many different analysts and instruments. Thus, it requires a flexible planning system to change and improve the overall lab performance and increase efficiency. This thesis is a case study in collaboration with Fresenius Kabi AB and the quality control (QC) department in Uppsala. The QC department has an inflow of batches from the production department as well as from internal customers. Internal customers usually send batches that are part of stability studies or projects. These stability batches arrive at the QC department within irregular intervals and sometimes tightly adjacent, making the QC planning more complex, creating backlogs. Hence, the question in the study is formulated: ● How to improve a planning system and workflow in a quality control department? The current condition of batch inflow and how the planning system is managed today have to be understood to answer the question. Hence, the following sub-questions will be answered: ○ How is the current planning system at the quality control structured? ○ How is the inflow of stability batches at the department made more even andpredictable? This study aims to accomplish a practical planning system to prevent WIP, bottlenecks, and backlogs. The thesis is based on a qualitative method involving an inductive approach. The data collected mainly includes data from incoming batches, interviews, and literature studiesto gain multiple perspectives on the covered area. The study results showed that the internal customers were not satisfied with the current delivery times of QC. The common patterns identified are that internal customers want more contact and cooperation with the QC department. Furthermore, the result shows that the QC can handle the batches that arrive, but the planning system is not good enough. The proposed improvements to the current planning  system are mainly to change it to a longer-term planning system and introduce a standard log or planning system between the internal departments. Also, QC should reorganize the lab and schedule based on common analysis to accomplish a higher efficiency of the scheduling. Further recommendations include more transparency and precise planning between departments to improve the inflow of the stability batches.<br>Quality Control (QC) laboratorium är svåra att planera detta på grund den höga mängden och variationen av produkter. Det kräver således ett flexibelt planeringssystem för att förändra och förbättra prestandan och öka effektiviteten i laboratorier. Detta examensarbete är en fallstudie i samarbete med Fresenius Kabi AB och deras kvalitetsavdelningen i Uppsala. QC avdelningen har ett inflöde av batcher från produktionsavdelningen samt från de interna kunder. De interna kunderna skickar vanligtvis batcher som ingår i stabilitetsstudier eller projekt. Dessa stabilitets batchar inkommer till QC inom icke bestämda tidpunkter och ibland tätt inpå varandra, vilket försvårar planeringen inom QC vilket in sin tur skapar backloggar. Därav är frågeställningen i studien formulerad: ● Hur kan ett planeringssystem och arbetsflöde i ett kvalitetskontroll laboratoriumförbättras? För att kunna besvara denna frågeställning bör det aktuella planeringssystemet i avdelningen att undersökas. Därav kommer även dessa delfrågor att besvaras för att i denna studie: ● Hur är det nuvarande planeringssystemet strukturerat? ● Hur kan inflödet av stabilitets studier på avdelningen jämnas ut och bli mer förutsägbara? Syftet med denna studie är därav att effektivisera det nuvarande planeringssystem för att förhindra WIP, flaskhalsar och backlogs i QC avdelningen. Examensarbetet bygger på en kvalitativ metod med en induktiv forskningsansats. Den insamlade datan främst inkluderar data från inkommande batcher, intervjuer samt litteraturstudie för att få flera perspektiv av det undersökta ämnesområdet. Studiens resultat visade att samtliga interna kunder inte är nöjda med de nuvarande leveranstider som QC har. De gemensamma mönster som identifierats är att de interna kunderna önskar mer kontakt och samarbete med QC avdelningen. Vidare visar resultatet att QC bör ha kapaciteten som krävs för att kunna hanterade batcher som inkommer men att planeringen inte är tillräckligt bra. De förbättringsförslag som föreslås till det nuvarande planeringssystemet är främst att utveckla en mer långsiktig planering samt införa en gemensam logg. QC avdelningen på Fresenius Kabi bör även se över sin organisering och dela in grupper baserat på analyser och inte utrustning. Vidare rekommendationer inkluderar mer transparent och tydlig planering mellan avdelningarna.

Les méthodes usuelles pour la conception d'un système de reconnaissance automatique de la parole nécessitent des jeux de données de parole transcrite de bonne qualité. Ceux-ci sont composés du signal acoustique produit par un locuteur ainsi que de la transcription mot à mot de ce qui a été dit. Pour construire un bon modèle de reconnaissance automatique il faut plusieurs milliers d'heures de parole transcrite. Le jeu de données doit être crée à partir d'un panel de locuteurs et de situations différentes pour couvrir la variabilité de la parole et de la langue. Pour créer un tel jeu de données, on demande généralement à des annotateurs humains d'écouter les signaux acoustiques et d'écrire le texte correspondant. Ce procédé coûte cher et est source d'erreurs car ce qui est dit lors d'un enregistrement en conditions réelles n'est pas toujours facilement intelligible. Des signaux mal transcrits impliquent une baisse de performance du modèle acoustique. Pour améliorer la qualité des transcriptions, plusieurs personnes peuvent annoter le même signal acoustique, mais alors le procédé coûte encore plus cher. Cette thèse prend le contre-pied de cette démarche et propose de concevoir des algorithmes permettant d'utiliser des jeux de données dont les transcriptions sont « bruitées », c'est-à-dire qu'elles contiennent des erreurs. Le but principal est donc de réduire les coûts pour construire un système de reconnaissance automatique de la parole en limitant la perte de qualité du système induite par ces erreurs.Dans un premier temps, nous présentons l'algorithme Lead2Gold. Lead2Gold est basé sur une fonction de coût qui permet d'utiliser des jeux de données dont les transcriptions contiennent des erreurs. Nous modélisons ces erreurs par un modèle de bruit simple basé au niveau des lettres. Pour une transcription présente dans le jeu de données, l'algorithme cherche un ensemble de transcriptions probablement meilleures. Nous utilisons pour cela une recherche en faisceau dans le graphe. Une telle technique de recherche n'est habituellement pas utilisée pour la formulation d'une fonction de coût. Nous montrons qu'il est possible d'ajouter explicitement de nouveaux éléments, ici un modèle de bruit, pour créer des fonctions de coût complexes. Ensuite nous améliorons la formulation de Lead2Gold pour que la fonction de coût soit modulable. Pour cela, nous utilisons des wFST. Les wFST sont des graphes dont les arcs sont pondérés et représentent des symboles. Nous pouvons composer différents graphes pour construire des fonctions de coût de façon flexible. Avec notre proposition, il devient plus facile d'ajouter de nouveaux éléments, comme un lexique, pour mieux caractériser les bonnes transcriptions. Nous montrons que l'utilisation des wFST est une bonne alternative à l'utilisation explicite de la recherche en faisceau de Lead2Gold. La formulation modulaire nous permet de proposer une nouvelle gamme de fonctions de coût modélisant les erreurs de transcription. Enfin nous procédons à une expérience de collecte de données en conditions réelles. Nous observons les différents profils d'annotateurs. Les annotateurs n'ont pas la même perception des signaux acoustiques et les erreurs qu'ils commettent peuvent être de natures différentes. Le but explicite de cette expérience est d’obtenir des transcriptions erronées et de prouver l'utilité de modéliser ces erreurs<br>Usual methods to design automatic speech recognition systems require speech datasets with high quality transcriptions. These datasets are composed of the acoustic signals uttered by speakers and the corresponding word-level transcripts representing what is being said. It takes several thousand hours of transcribed speech to build a good speech recognition model. The dataset must include a variety of speakers recorded in different situations in order to cover the wide variability of speech and language. To create such a system, human annotators are asked to listen to audio tracks and to write down the corresponding text. This process is costly and can lead to errors. What is beeing said in realistic settings is indeed not always easy to understand. Poorly transcribed signals cause a drop of performance of the acoustic model. To improve the quality of the transcripts, the same utterances may be transcribed by several people, but this leads to an even more expensive process.This thesis takes the opposite view. We design algorithms which can exploit datasets with “noisy” transcriptions i.e., which contain errors. The main goal of this thesis is to reduce the costs of building an automatic speech recognition system by limiting the performance drop induced by these errors.We first introduce the Lead2Gold algorithm. Lead2Gold is based on a cost function that is tolerant to datasets with noisy transcriptions. We model transcription errors at the letter level with a noise model. For each transcript in the dataset, the algorithm searches for a set of likely better transcripts relying on a beam search in a graph. This technique is usually not used to design cost functions. We show that it is possible to explicitly add new elements (here a noise model) to design complex cost functions.We then express the Lead2Gold loss in the wFST formalism. wFSTs are graphs whose edges are weighted and represent symbols. To build flexible cost functions we can compose several graphs. With our proposal, it becomes easier to add new elements, such as a lexicon, to better characterize good transcriptions. We show that using wFSTs is a good alternative to using Lead2Gold's explicit beam search. The modular formulation allows us to design a new variety of cost functions that model transcription errors.Finally, we conduct a data collection experiment in real conditions. We observe different types of annotator profiles. Annotators do not have the same perception of acoustic signals and hence can produce different types of errors. The explicit goal of this experiment is to collect transcripts with errors and to prove the usefulness of modeling these errors

A tecnologia de Workflow não é nova e muitos de seus benefícios já são largamente aproveitados em aplicações administrativas e de gestão de documentos, há bem mais de uma década. Atualmente, entretanto, tem-se buscado ampliar os horizontes da utilização do Workflow para outras aplicações. A área de educação à distância é uma das que tem grande potencial para aproveitar as características de coordenação de processos que o Workflow proporciona. Este trabalho buscou fornecer ao AdaptWeb - um ambiente de ensino-aprendizagem adaptativo para a Web desenvolvido na plataforma PHP/MySQL - a possibilidade de agregar um novo modo de funcionamento, baseado na tecnologia de Workflow. Para tanto, foi realizado o projeto de um Sistema de Gerenciamento deWorkflow completo, apropriado para ser utilizado por aplicações no ambiente PHP/MySQL, seguindo as recomendações da WfMC, entidade que estabelece os padrões para a área de Workflow. O trabalho também mostra como a execução de um curso à distância por um aluno no AdaptWeb pode ser mapeada para um processo de Workflow e como pode ser feita a descrição deste processo nos padrões da WfMC. Por fim, é apresentada uma proposta de extensão ao ambiente AdaptWeb para suportar um novo modo de interação, o modo dirigido, baseado no uso do Workflow, bem como idéias para estender o ambiente de autoria e de execução do curso para aproveitar novas perspectivas que o Workflow apresenta.<br>Workflow technology is not new and many administrative and document management applications have been taking benefits from it for more than one decade. Currently, however, usage of workflow is getting wider, since new kinds of applications start adopting the technology. Distance learning is one of those areas that have great potential for getting advantages from process coordination characteristics provided by workflow management systems. This work intended to providing a new interaction mode, based on workflow technology, to the AdaptWeb system - an adaptive web-based learning environment developed on PHP/MySQL platform. With this purpose, a Workflow Management System was designed to be used by applications running on PHP/MySQL environments, following WfMC's recommendations. WfMC is the main organization that establishes workflow standards and references. This work also shows how the execution of a distance learning course by an student in AdaptWeb can be mapped into a workflow process and how the description of such a process can be built using WfMC standards. Finally, some extensions to the AdaptWeb environment are proposed to support a new interaction mode based on workflow, as well as suggestions are discussed to extend the course authoring and execution environments to take benefits from the new perspective provided by the workflow approach.

O objetivo deste trabalho é desenvolver um modelo de workflow com capacidade de percepção de eventos durante sua execução e interagir com os participantes a partir desta percepção. Um workflow é definido como sendo um conjunto de atividades, que podem, ou não, serem executadas simultaneamente, com alguma especificação de controle e fluxo de dados entre estas atividades, podendo representar vários processos e seus relacionamentos. Porém na área de modelagem de workflow existem inúmeros modelos desenvolvidos para atender uma necessidade especifica e por isso não existe um modelo definitivo, que satisfaça todas as necessidades de todos os ambientes. O modelo precisa disponibilizar expressões relacionadas aos processos, restrições temporais, trocas dinâmicas e tratamento de exceções, habilitar execução dinâmica, modelagem baseada em processos, providenciar coordenação e assistência aos usuários a cada passo da modelagem e processamento distribuído. Existe ainda a necessidade dos sistemas de workflow manipularem e monitorarem a informação relativa ao fluxo de trabalho para gerência-lo, coordena-lo e controla-lo mais eficientemente e para proporcionar recuperação histórica de seu fluxo permitindo assim monitoramento histórico. O principal problema das atividades baseadas em processos é que não se tem o controle total das atividades que devem ser executadas. Além disso, não se tem uma visão de quais informações estão sendo manipuladas por essas atividades em um dado instante e quem as manipula. As técnicas de modelagem de workflow devem ter como objetivo básico, minimizar estes problemas. Em 1993 foi criado o WfMC (Workflow Management Coalition) com o objetivo de padronizar um modelo de workflow e com isto alcançar uma interoperabilidade entre os vários usuários da tecnologia de workflow, e por isto este trabalho baseia-se no modelo de workflow da WfMC. Utilizando um recurso previsto no modelo da WfMC, os atributos extendidos, e utilizando recursos implementados diretamente na máquina de workflow, como monitoramento das atividades, ferramentas de comunicação entre os participantes do workflow, regras de compartilhamento de resultados intermediários, possibilidade de troca de informações durante a execução das tarefas por vários participantes ao mesmo tempo, foi obtida uma proposta de utilização do modelo da WfMC, sem nenhuma alteração, apenas utilizandose dos recursos mencionados acima, obtendo o ambiente de workflow com capacidades de percepção de eventos conforme o objetivo deste trabalho e ainda com capacidade de cooperação na execução das tarefas como conseqüência da capacidade de percepção, compartilhamento de resultados intermediários e possibilidade de comunicação entre os participantes. Sendo esta proposta implementada em um software para validação da mesma.<br>The aim of this work is to develop a workflow model with capacity of perception of events during execution and to interact with the participants starting from this perception. A workflow is defined as being a group of activities that can, or no, be executed simultaneously, with some control specification and flow of data among these activities, could represent several processes and their relationships. However in the area of workflow modelling countless models exist, developed to assist a need specifies and for that a definitive model doesn't exist, that it satisfies all of the needs of all the atmospheres. The necessary model to make available expressions related to the processes, temporary restrictions, dynamic changes and treatment of exceptions, to enable dynamic execution, modelling based on processes, to provide coordination and attendance to the users to each step of the modelling and distributed processing. Still exists the need of the workflow systems manipulate and they monitor the relative information to the work flow to manage, to coordinate and to control the work more efficiently and to provide historical recovery of the work flow allowing like this to monitor historical. The main problem of the activities based on processes is that the total control of the activities is not had that should be executed. Besides, they are not had a vision of which information are being manipulated by those activities in a die instant and who manipulates them. The techniques of workflow modelling should have as basic objective, to minimize these problems. In 1993 WfMC was created (Workflow Management Coalition) with the objective of standardizing a workflow model and with this to reach an interoperability among the several users of the workflow technology, and for this work bases on the model of workflow of WfMC. Using a resource foreseen in the model of WfMC, the extended attributes, and using resources implemented directly in the it conspires of workflow, as monitoring of the activities, communication tools among the participants of the workflow, rules of sharing of intermediate results, possibility of change of information during the execution of the tasks for several participants at the same time, it was obtained a proposal of use of the model of WfMC, without any alteration, just being used of the resources mentioned above, obtaining the workflow environment with capacities of in accordance perception of events the objective of this work and still with cooperation capacity in the execution of the tasks as a consequence of the perception capacity, sharing of intermediate results and communication possibility among the participants. This proposal was implemented in software for validation of the same.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T14:57:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Mestrado Luiz Loja.pdf: 2304806 bytes, checksum: 345f8fb0018e00778e9d22ef4a49b0e2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-10<br>To offer products and services, organizations need to execute business processes. The effectiveness of these processes is critical to the success of any organization. For this reason, there have been major efforts to develop techniques and tools aimed at the improvement of business processes. One of the results of these efforts are the BPMS ( textit Business Process Management Systems), software that help to define, analyze, and manage business processes. Although there are many BPMS available, current systems only provide support for running a limited set of processes. Notably, BPMS do not allow the execution of flexible processes, restricting its operations to defined processes. In addition, they do not provide a collaborative environment for process modeling. This paper presents a software architecture for management of business processes that overcomes these limitations of current BPMS. The architecture was used to implement a software tool called Sinfonia which includes a metamodel for business processes, a process execution engine and a graphical process modeler. The innovative aspects of the proposals of this work include features such as support for defining and implementing flexible processes, such as empirical and textit adhoc processes, and support for modeling collaborative processes. Sinfonia has enough expressive power to define and implement key business process standards described in the literature. The ability of this tool to express flexible processes and to promote collaboration in the modeling of business processes were evaluated in an experiment involving fourteen participants. The results of this experiment provide evidence that Sinfonia contributes to the evolution of BPMS.<br>Para realizar serviços e produtos, as organizações precisam executar processos de negócio. A efetividade destes processos é um fator crítico para o sucesso de qualquer organização. Por essa razão, tem havido grandes esforços para o desenvolvimento de técnicas e ferramentas dirigidas para a melhoria de processos de negócio. Um dos resultados produzidos por esses esforços são os BPMS (Business Process Management Systems), softwares que auxiliam a definição, análise, e gerenciamento de processos de negócio. Embora existam diversos BPMS disponíveis, os sistemas atuais apenas provêem suporte à execução de um conjunto limitado de processos. Notadamente os BPMS não permitem a execução de processos flexíveis, restringindo sua atuação aos processos definidos. Além disso, eles não proporcionam um ambiente colaborativo de modelagem de processos. Este trabalho apresenta uma arquitetura de software para gerência de processos de negócio que supera essas limitações dos BPMS atuais. A arquitetura foi empregada para a implementação de uma ferramenta de software denominada Sinfonia, que contempla um metamodelo de processos de negócio, uma máquina de execução de processos e um modelador gráfico de processos. Os aspectos inovadores das propostas do presente trabalho abrangem características como o suporte à definição e execução de processos flexíveis, tais como processos empíricos e ad hoc, e o apoio à modelagem colaborativa de processos. A ferramenta Sinfonia tem poder de expressão suficiente para definir e executar os principais padrões de processos de negócio descritos na literatura. A capacidade dessa ferramenta de expressar processos flexíveis e de promover a colaboração na modelagem de processos de negócio foram avaliadas em um experimento envolvendo quatorze participantes. Os resultados desse experimento provêem evidências de que Sinfonia contribui para a evolução dos BPMS.

This study deals with how E.W. Kenyon’s use of the Bible was the foundation used by Kenneth Hagin and Kenneth Copeland to build the Word of Faith Movement. Kenyon could be considered the grandfather of this movement, while Hagin can be regarded as the father and Copeland, the one on whose shoulders Hagin’s mantle has fallen since his death. It includes brief biographies of Kenyon, Hagin and Copeland and their ministries. It looks into how influential Kenyon’s use of the Bible is in developing his doctrines, which have been copied by both Hagin and Copeland and the Word of Faith's pastors throughout the world. This study is not an exhaustive examination of Kenyon’s doctrines but enough is studied to show he does not conform to traditional reformed theological hermeneutics. Kenyon’s writings date back to the early twentieth century. Hagin’s writings are from the mid- and late twentieth century, while Copeland writes from the late twentieth century to the present day. It will be shown that Hagin and Copeland copied Kenyon’s use of the Bible almost verbatim, resulting in them promoting doctrines in the Word of Faith Movement similar to his doctrines. This study deals with Kenyon’s writings in Chapter 2, while Chapter 3 deals with Hagin’s and Copeland’s teachings. Chapter 4 compares the three’s teachings from a reformed theological perspective, using literature by fairly modern-day writers on reformed theology. Chapter 5 evaluates and concludes and offers recommendations for further study. Finally, Kenyon’s and his two followers’ teachings are summarised and evaluated. The study will also examine some of the effects these teachings have on the individual who attends Word of Faith Movement churches. Future research topics that could help in understanding the attraction these teachings have for people and the danger they pose to reformed churches today are suggested.<br>Thesis (MA (Dogmatics))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

Cette thèse présente l'implémentation des gradients analytiques pour une méthode mixte courte-portée DFT/ longue-portée WFT. Ces gradients ont été développés et implémentés dans le programme de calcul de chimie théorique MOLPRO, puis appliqués à différents systèmes d'intérêts chimiques/biologiques : les polymères conjugués polyacétylène, polyméthinéimine, les composés des bases de données de complexes faiblement liés DI6/04, HB6/04, WI9/04, CT7/04 et NHTBH38/04 ainsi qu'au composé à valence mixte triarylamine<br>This thesis presents the implementation of the analytical gradients for a range-separated short-range DFT / long-range WFT scheme. These gradients were developed and implemented in the ab initio program for molecular electronic structure calculation MOLPRO, and applied to systems of chemical/biological interest: conjugated oligomers (polyacetylene, polymethineimine), valence mixed coumponds, and to the weakly bond system databases HB6/04, CT7/04, DI6/04, WI9/04 and NHTBH38/04

Business process management is important topic in business information systems. Workflow systems are taking the top places in company information system architecture due to aspiration to make business process more and more optimized. This project is about parallel processing and implementation of business processes parallel processing in complex information systems. Content of this project is o function and object library for modeling business process in Vema, a. s. Workflow system. Important part of this project is parallel processing solution and its implementation.

The purpose of this essay is to study how and why the profession of occupational therapist evolved and what role their association played in 1944-1964. During the first decades of the post-war period, Swedish health care system grew. In particular, rehabilitation health care was developed, in which occupational therapy has a key role. The association of occupational therapists, FAST and later FSA, initially promoted the general development of the area, but after a few years it put more emphasis on the professional perspective itself. Other related professions had developed through the "exclusion" of competing groups in line with sociologist Frank Parkin's theory. However, in this study I find no evidence of FAST/FSA applying that method.  On the basis of empirical sources, such as the Association's meeting minutes, government committee reports, newspaper articles, personal notes, documents from the international organization WFOT's congresses, I describe how FAST/FSA and other key players acted during the studied period. FAST/FSA organized courses, began publishing a member paper, and built a reference library, but also lobbied with the purpose to establish the profession.  After a few years, FSA was expelled from the international organization of occupational therapists, WFOT, whose purpose was to develop the profession internationally by creating a standard of education. Sweden’s education did not meet that standard. After several government committee reports, it was only with a report in 1962 followed by a bill and parliamentary decision in 1964 that education of an acceptable standard was established. Thus, an important prerequisite was in place to regard occupational therapists as a profession in Sweden according to sociologist Magali Sarfatti Larsson's definition.

Business process management (BPM) is a philosophical approach to organisation-wide management in which the focus is on the processes through which it operates, and in particular the streamlining and optimising of these processes, for which software solutions may be used. CTexT is an intrapreneurial software organisation that has been experiencing problems with software development due to a lack of formal processes relating to customer support, versioning, configuration, quality, risk and project management. The objective of the study is to determine whether the implementation of an electronic BPM system can effectively solve CTexT's development problems and thereby improve its overall software development capacity. More specifically, the focus is on i) the effect of the resulting standardisation on creativity and innovation, and ii) implementation matters, such as the type of processes that can be subjected to an electronic system, and how CTexT can overcome the time and cost constraints of such a system. The study investigates these questions by means of a literature investigation in combination with interviews with knowledgeable respondents from other innovative and software organisations. Interviews with six employees from CTexT determine the relevance of these findings and highlight critical areas for process improvement. Since BPM systems improve organisational efficiencies and are generally employed in larger corporate contexts marked by transactional and repetitive activities where they enforce administrative rules, the conclusion is drawn that a BPM system will not be suitable for an intrapreneurial organisation, and that it is likely to cause more disruption to the creative environment than improve its operations. It is further shown that although a BPM system is theoretically applicable to software development, it generally does not seem to be applied practically in the industry, and the suitability of this process as manageable through a BPM system is seriously questioned. Instead, the research points to improvement through the application of software development methodologies and a holistic approach towards BPM. The investigation at CTexT confirms that its development problems relate to flawed methodologies and that remedies should therefore focus on improving its methodologies and controlling certain aspects of the software development life cycle by means of suitable software tools.<br>Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) is undoubtedly one of the most important and interesting applications in the cutting-edge era of Deep-learning deployment, especially in the mobile segment. Fast and accurate ASR comes at a high energy cost, requiring huge memory storage and computational power, which is not affordable for the tiny power budget of mobile devices. Hardware acceleration can reduce power consumption of ASR systems as well as reducing its memory pressure, while delivering high-performance. In this thesis, we present a customized accelerator for large-vocabulary, speaker-independent, continuous speech recognition. A state-of-the-art ASR system consists of two major components: acoustic-scoring using DNN and speech-graph decoding using Viterbi search. As the first step, we focus on the Viterbi search algorithm, that represents the main bottleneck in the ASR system. The accelerator includes some innovative techniques to improve the memory subsystem, which is the main bottleneck for performance and power, such as a prefetching scheme and a novel bandwidth saving technique tailored to the needs of ASR. Furthermore, as the speech graph is vast taking more than 1-Gigabyte memory space, we propose to change its representation by partitioning it into several sub-graphs and perform an on-the-fly composition during the Viterbi run-time. This approach together with some simple yet efficient compression techniques result in 31x memory footprint reduction, providing 155x real-time speedup and orders of magnitude power and energy saving compared to CPUs and GPUs. In the next step, we propose a novel hardware-based ASR system that effectively integrates a DNN accelerator for the pruned/quantized models with the Viterbi accelerator. We show that, when either pruning or quantizing the DNN model used for acoustic scoring, ASR accuracy is maintained but the execution time of the ASR system is increased by 33%. Although pruning and quantization improves the efficiency of the DNN, they result in a huge increase of activity in the Viterbi search since the output scores of the pruned model are less reliable. In order to avoid the aforementioned increase in Viterbi search workload, our system loosely selects the N-best hypotheses at every time step, exploring only the N most likely paths. Our final solution manages to efficiently combine both DNN and Viterbi accelerators using all their optimizations, delivering 222x real-time ASR with a small power budget of 1.26 Watt, small memory footprint of 41 MB, and a peak memory bandwidth of 381 MB/s, being amenable for low-power mobile platforms.<br>Los sistemas de reconocimiento automático del habla (ASR por sus siglas en inglés, Automatic Speech Recognition) son sin lugar a dudas una de las aplicaciones más relevantes en el área emergente de aprendizaje profundo (Deep Learning), specialmente en el segmento de los dispositivos móviles. Realizar el reconocimiento del habla de forma rápida y precisa tiene un elevado coste en energía, requiere de gran capacidad de memoria y de cómputo, lo cual no es deseable en sistemas móviles que tienen severas restricciones de consumo energético y disipación de potencia. El uso de arquitecturas específicas en forma de aceleradores hardware permite reducir el consumo energético de los sistemas de reconocimiento del habla, al tiempo que mejora el rendimiento y reduce la presión en el sistema de memoria. En esta tesis presentamos un acelerador específicamente diseñado para sistemas de reconocimiento del habla de gran vocabulario, independientes del orador y que funcionan en tiempo real. Un sistema de reconocimiento del habla estado del arte consiste principalmente en dos componentes: el modelo acústico basado en una red neuronal profunda (DNN, Deep Neural Network) y la búsqueda de Viterbi basada en un grafo que representa el lenguaje. Como primer objetivo nos centramos en la búsqueda de Viterbi, ya que representa el principal cuello de botella en los sistemas ASR. El acelerador para el algoritmo de Viterbi incluye técnicas innovadoras para mejorar el sistema de memoria, que es el mayor cuello de botella en rendimiento y energía, incluyendo técnicas de pre-búsqueda y una nueva técnica de ahorro de ancho de banda a memoria principal específicamente diseñada para sistemas ASR. Además, como el grafo que representa el lenguaje requiere de gran capacidad de almacenamiento en memoria (más de 1 GB), proponemos cambiar su representación y dividirlo en distintos grafos que se componen en tiempo de ejecución durante la búsqueda de Viterbi. De esta forma conseguimos reducir el almacenamiento en memoria principal en un factor de 31x, alcanzar un rendimiento 155 veces superior a tiempo real y reducir el consumo energético y la disipación de potencia en varios órdenes de magnitud comparado con las CPUs y las GPUs. En el siguiente paso, proponemos un novedoso sistema hardware para reconocimiento del habla que integra de forma efectiva un acelerador para DNNs podadas y cuantizadas con el acelerador de Viterbi. Nuestros resultados muestran que podar y/o cuantizar el DNN para el modelo acústico permite mantener la precisión pero causa un incremento en el tiempo de ejecución del sistema completo de hasta el 33%. Aunque podar/cuantizar mejora la eficiencia del DNN, éstas técnicas producen un gran incremento en la carga de trabajo de la búsqueda de Viterbi ya que las probabilidades calculadas por el DNN son menos fiables, es decir, se reduce la confianza en las predicciones del modelo acústico. Con el fin de evitar un incremento inaceptable en la carga de trabajo de la búsqueda de Viterbi, nuestro sistema restringe la búsqueda a las N hipótesis más probables en cada paso de la búsqueda. Nuestra solución permite combinar de forma efectiva un acelerador de DNNs con un acelerador de Viterbi incluyendo todas las optimizaciones de poda/cuantización. Nuestro resultados experimentales muestran que dicho sistema alcanza un rendimiento 222 veces superior a tiempo real con una disipación de potencia de 1.26 vatios, unos requisitos de memoria modestos de 41 MB y un uso de ancho de banda a memoria principal de, como máximo, 381 MB/s, ofreciendo una solución adecuada para dispositivos móviles.

Moderne Intranet-Infrastruktur in der Universitätsbibliothek Neue Technologien im Patentinformationszentrum Einsatz bargeldloser Zahlungsmittel an der TU Chemnitz GPRS - General Packet Radio Service UMTS - mehr als nur zum Telefonieren gut Hinweise für WWW-Autoren: Zugriffskontrolle WFM: WWW-basierter Datei-Manager Automatisierte Freischaltung von Datendosen in öffentlichen Räumen der TU Chemnitz Aufrüstung der Computerpools Reichenhainer Str. B401/404 Neuigkeiten zu Campuslizenzen

Mincom, a successful Australian software company, markets an enterprise product known as the Mincom Information Management System, or MIMS. MIMS is an integrated suite of modules covering materials, maintenance, financials, and human resources management. MIMS is an on-line transaction processing (OLTP) system, meaning it has special requirements in the areas of pe,jormance and scalability. MIMS consists of approxiniately 16 000 000 lines of code, most of which is written in COBOL. Its basic architecture is 3-tier client/server, utilising a database layer, application logic layer, and a Graphical User Inte,face (GUI). While this architecture has proved successful, Mincom is looking to gradually evolve MIMS into a distributed architecture. COREA is the target distributed framework. The development of an enterprise distributed system is fraught with difficulties. Key technical problems are not yet solved, and Mincom cannot afford the risk and cost involved in rewriting MIMS completely. The only viable approach is to gradually evolve MIMS into the desired architecture using a hybrid system that allows clients to access existing and new functionality. This thesis addresses the design and development of distributed systems, and the evolution of existing legacy systems into this architecture. It details the current MIMS architecture, and explains some of its shortcomings. The desirable characteristics of a new system based on a distributed architecture such as COREA are outlined. A case is established for a gradual migration of the current system via a hybrid system rather than a complete rewrite. Two experimental systems designed to investigate the proposed new architecture are discussed. The conclusion reached from the first, known as Genesis, is that the maturity of CORBA for ente1prise development is not sufficient-12-18 months are estimated to be required for the appropriate level of maturity to be reached. The second system, EGEN, demonstrates how workflow can be integrated into a distributed system. An event-based workflow architecture is demonstrated, and it is explained how a workflow event server can be used to provide workflow services across a hybrid system. EGEN also demonstrates how a middleware gateway can be used to allow COREA clients access to the functionality of the existing MIMS system. Finally, a proposed migration strategy for moving MIMS to a distributed architecture based on COREA is outlined. While developed specifically for MIMS, this strategy is broadly applicable to the migration of any large 3-tier client/server system to a distributed architecture.

Die 'Mitteilungen des URZ' enthalten Informationen für die Nutzer des Universitätsrechenzentrums der TU Chemnitz und erscheinen vierteljährlich.:Inhalt Nr. 3/2003: Mitteilungen des URZ - online Windows XP in den URZ-Pools Software unter Windows XP Automatisches Software-Update TUCWiki - TWiki-Einsatz an der TU Chemnitz Hochverfügbare Services mit kimberlite Formularmanagement Ein Windows-Programm auf dem CLiC Kurzinformationen

Le travail présenté dans cette thèse porte sur l'étude théorique des propriétés magnétiques de systèmes inorganiques. Une première partie concerne l'extraction des interactions de hamiltoniens modèles à partir de calculs WFT et DFT. Ces extractions ont été faites dans le cas de systèmes purement magnétiques (s=1) et de systèmes à double échange en utilisant des hamiltoniens modèles de type Hubbard, Heisenberg, t-J ou Ising. La seconde partie traite des propriétés magnéto-structurales des composés à effet LIESST (Light Induced Excited Spin State Trapping). Actuellement, d'importants efforts sont déployés pour déterminer les différents mécanismes à l'œuvre au cours de la transition de spin photo-induite. Une première étude porte sur la corrélation entre les paramètres structuraux de ces complexes et leur température LIESST. Puis, une approche théorique à partir de calculs DFT, TD-DFT et WFT est proposée afin de mettre en évidence de possibles voies de relaxation<br>This work is focused on the theoretical study of magnetic inorganic systems. A first part concerns the extraction of model Hamiltonian interactions from WFT and DFT calculations. Extractions of Hubbard, Heisenberg, double exchange and Ising Hamiltonians are performed on magnetic spin s=1 systems and mixed valence systems. The second part deal with the study of iron(II) complexes and their energetic spectra, a fundamental step to determine relaxation process in LIESST compounds (Light Induced Excited Spin State Trapping). Currently, important efforts are made to predict microscopic electronic mechanisms involved in photo-induced spin transitions, but difficulties are still encountered concerning the physics of the excited states. Initially, a study rationalizes the correlation between the structural parameters of these compounds and their LIESST temperature. And finally, a theoretical approach through DFT, TDDFT and WFT calculations is proposed in order to highlight different decay channels

Thesis solves an issue of application unconventional materials used in horizontal boring machine design. Chosen problem is solved step by step from general selection of suitable material for supporting structure. The selected material is applicated on WFT 13 CNC machine design from production of Fermat and it is created 9 conceptual options of machine’s frame. Finite element method is used for analysis of conceptual options. Based on data from analyses, the best option is selected for constructional part with use of multi-criteria PATTERN method. Constructional part of thesis elaborates on the design of selected conceptual option and gives recommendation for essential processes used in development and production of sandwich structures. The master’s thesis comes with new construction solution for supporting structure of selected machine and especially insight in development and production of new unconventional materials in horizontal boring machines design.

碩士<br>國立交通大學<br>資訊科學與工程研究所<br>95<br>In current business process environments, it is difficult to transfer business process specifications between WfMSs based on different paradigms. The participants of a business process consist of people from very different domains, while most of the modeling languages are designed for technical developers and thus hinder the communication and mutual understanding among developers and stakeholders. BPMN is a standardized process language designed to conquer these problems. However, BPMN supports only the modeling concepts that are applicable to business processes. Several practical issues for business purposes are out of scope of BPMN, such as organization structures, data models. It is necessary to do the corresponding specifications and integrate them with those in BPMN. This thesis proposes a conceptual business process model with a modified notation of BPMN, and a methodology to develop a business process. The specification is then translated into an Angentflow execution instance.

博士<br>國立臺灣師範大學<br>資訊工程學系<br>101<br>Secure workflow management systems (WfMSs) and SOA (service-oriented architecture) system are required to support major security features such as authentication, confidentiality, data integrity, and nonrepudiation. The Chinese wall security model (CWSM) was designed to provide access controls that mitigate conflict of interest in commercial organizations, and is especially important for large-scale interenterprise workflow applications. The first part of this dissertation describes how to implement the CWSM in a WfMS. We first demonstrate situations in which an access control model is not sufficient for this if the WfMS does not keep the run-time history of data accesses and company information is mutable, and we then propose an application programming interface (API) to solve this problem, also providing support for the intrinsic dynamic access control mechanism defined in the CWSM (i.e., the dynamic binding of subjects and elements in the company data set). This API can also specify several requirements of the dynamic security policy that arise when applying the CWSM in WfMSs. Then we discuss how to implement a run-time system to implement CWSM policies specified by this API in a WfMS. Cloud computing is gaining tremendous momentum in both academia and industry, with more and more people and enterprises migrating their data and applications into the cloud. Cloud computing provides a new computing model with elastic scaling, a resource pool of unprecedented size, and the on-demand resource provisioning mechanism, which bring numerous challenges in implementing workflow management systems (WfMSs) in the cloud. Establishing scalable and cross-enterprise WfMSs in the cloud requires the adaptation and extension of existing concepts for process management. The second part of this dissertation presents a framework for how cross-enterprise processes can be implemented, secured, controlled, and scaled. We also explain why existing engine-based centralized and distributed WfMSs cannot guarantee the nonrepudiation requirement. The proposed framework is a document-routing system that implements major required security features in the cloud computing environment. Its security framework is built by applying element-wise encryption and a cascade-based method of embedding digital signatures. The implementation and experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed framework. In an SOA (service-oriented architecture) system such as an application implemented by Web services, the invocations of services often form dynamic calling chains. Existing security standards of an SOA such as WS-Security, WS-SecurityPolicy, and WS-Trust only support the point-to-point security requirements of individual Web services. In the third part of this dissertation. We first show some scenarios in which the access control and data security must consult the structure of a dynamically formed calling chain in a wide-open distributed environment. We then propose a security framework for SOA-based systems in which the access control and data security can be performed dynamically according to the formed calling chain in service invocations. The proposed framework satisfies security requirements in a service invocation. A calling record is embedded in each service invocation and response, and these calling records are used when building a calling-chain graph that can be used to implement the calling-chain-based access control. In addition, we design a security policy API that the service provider can use to specify the access control and data security according to the formed calling chain. The implementation and experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed system.

碩士<br>國立臺灣師範大學<br>資訊教育學系<br>95<br>In this paper, we proposed an aspect-oriented designs of workflow management system with inversion of control. In software engineering, the programming paradigms of aspect-oriented programming (AOP) attempt to aid programmers in the separation of concerns, specifically crosscutting concerns, as an advance in modularization. Inversion of Control, also known as IOC, is an programming principle that can be used to reduce coupling inherent in computer programs. The combination of these two technology will make a more reusable, maintainable, extendable workflow management system.

碩士<br>中原大學<br>資訊管理研究所<br>93<br>For long term benefits, the enterprises have to do the best allocation of business resource after the 21st century. Most of enterprises have accepted the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system at present. With the enterprises continuously enlarging, the inner operation processes of company become more complicated and generate the requirement of processes instantly switched and elastic amendments. Therefore, many enterprises are anxious to establish the Workflow Management system(WFMS) to solve the problems of lack of operation processes and huge customization and system modification after installing the ERP system, and increase the flexibility of ERP system. However, how to effectively integrate the current ERP system and do the best utilization of enterprise resources to gain the most profit for the company when we install the Workflow Management system is the problem for current or future enterprises. This research mainly aims how to effectively integrate the ERP system and the Workflow Management system in order to increases the flexibility of EPR system. This research adopts the way of exploratory case study, and tried to find the relationship between integration types and solution tactics when the ERP system and the Work Management system integrate. The result of this research discovered that the cost, participants, organizations, ERP system and Workflow system have different influences of integration types on enterprises proceeding with system integration. Our study provided the reference for enterprises when integrating ERP system and Workflow system. Thus, enterprises can have more effective integration and the best utilization of enterprise resources and even gain larger profit.

碩士<br>國立交通大學<br>電信工程研究所<br>102<br>This thesis is mainly focus on improving language model in Automatic Speech Recognition(ASR). The studies normalize the training data including combining synonym, variant word, multi-pronunciation. The words are categorized by word class to choose dictionary. Raise the opening word class threshold and reduce the closing word class threshold when choosing dictionary. We also consider the word distribution in training data when choosing word in dictionary. Using syllables to decode to estimate language model whether good or not after training language model. We can find that the recognition rate of WFST is 20 times faster than traditional recognition system at the same recognition rate, hence this thesis is mainly studying how to use Weighted Finite-State Transducer (WFST) to build Large Vocabulary Continuous Mandarin Speech Recognition. We first introduce the algorithm of WFST and represent different ASR layer with WFST also use optimization to minimize WFST. Modify the features when building language model. Finally, we change the size of WFST and the features when recognizing, so we can find the relationship between recognition rate and recognition time.

碩士<br>國防管理學院<br>資源管理研究所<br>87<br>Environment pressure outside/inside enterprise have pushed the organization manager to change the paradigm as Business Process Reengineering (BPR)--process oriented, fundamentally rethink, using the IT technology to radically redesign their business process in order to achieve dramatic improvement in their performance. However, how to automate the business process getting from BPR function model and process descriptions; how to capture the business process logic mapping into workflow process logic; how to make good use the organization resources --at the right time to find the adequate process participants to support the activity execution. The answer is workflow management system(WFMS). Facing the budget cut, our organization MND enforces the organization rebuild plan now. After finish the plan, it is inevitable to well utilize the technologies provided by WFMS for automating the complicated logistic operation process in the feature years. However for integration, how to create software architecture of WFMS to be a developing blueprint followed by the armed forces. It will be a critical topic to MND. This research aims to construct a generalized WFMS software architecture modeling including process definition and task engine execute two stages. First of all, from the domain knowledge analysis to acquire process execute model, activity execute model, task execute model for creating the central thinking belong to our research. By which to understand the GUI process definition structure, activity structure, task structure, organization resources structure and how to make good use the organization resources for unifying the WFMS data structure in process definition stage. The second, using the Object Oriented(OO) technology Ř+1"view and Unified Model Language(UML) notation sematics from use case view, logic view, component view, process view, and deploy view to model the task engine execute stage relatives for successful implementation of WFMS system.

Submitted in fulfillment of the academic requirement for the degree Master of Engineering in Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2017.<br>Provision of microbiologically safe drinking water for people living in the rural areas of developing countries remains a major challenge to date. One of the reasons is due to the inability to access potable water mainly because of poor existing water purification systems. Current measures have been put in place to address the challenges of rural water supply. Development of appropriate technologies such as decentralized water treatment supply in the form of point of use (POU) systems are been considered. In lieu of the above, an appropriate POU system known as the Remote Rural Water Treatment System (RRWTS) was developed at Durban University of Technology (DUT). The RRWTS is polyester based locally sourced Woven Fabric Microfiltration (WFMF) membrane system. The unit is made up of flat sheet modules that are assembled into a pack. It is a robust gravity driven system with the ability to remove suspended solids and colloids in the form of turbidity. The system has high flux of 35 ± 7 LMH and turbidity below 1 NTU, it has the ability to remove pathogens well above 95%. However, this does not comply with WHO and SANS drinking water standards of zero E. coli count/100 ml of treated water. In order to bring the water treated by RRWTS to a satisfactory level for drinking, it is then necessary to add a separate disinfection step like chlorination step to further remove the remaining microbial contaminants. Thus the main objective of the study was to evaluate the disinfection efficacy of two disinfectants namely waterguard and bromochlor tablet disinfectants and investigate their integration with the WFMF membrane. The study was categorised into three parts. The first part is the addition of disinfectants to unfiltered river water sources for the determination of residual chlorine and the most optimum dose that will yield effective disinfection and also evaluate the extent of E. coli removal by the disinfectants. The second stage was the filtration of four river water sources using the woven fibre membrane (WFM) to determine the efficiency of WFMF. Finally the effect of disinfection kinetics on disinfection was achieved by agitating the water after disinfection and allowing it to stand at different contact times. Performance of the RRWTS was determined by the amount of E. coli and turbidity removed during filtration using WFMF and by chemical disinfectants after filtration. The results on residual chlorine for different water sources showed that feed quality and disinfectant dose determines the quantity of residual chlorine on all the water sources. The effectiveness of chemical disinfectants in E. coli removal is affected by the quality of water to be disinfected. The study showed that turbidity plays a major role on disinfection by increasing chlorine demand on water sources with high turbidity levels. The WFMF demonstrated excellent filtration performance by producing permeates with turbidity less than 1 NTU for feed turbidities ranging from 10 to 200 NTU. The E. coli removal efficiency by WFMF was very high on all the water sources treated. There was 95-99.8% E. coli removal on raw feeds with influent E. coli ranging between 500 and 44500 CFU/100 ml. It was seen that major benefits are derived from integrating the WFMF (RRWTS) with chemical disinfection. The benefits includes; better disinfection that meets drinking water set guidelines of zero E. coli and improved quality of water. The need for disinfection kinetics in order to obtain superior disinfection was eliminated. The possibility of disinfection-by-product formation was reduced as smaller quantities of chemical disinfectants were required for complete disinfection on the filtered water.<br>M

碩士<br>國立交通大學<br>資訊科學與工程研究所<br>96<br>In the current business process environment, almost all workflow management systems are based on the centeralized client/server architecture. The request response time will increase greatly when the requests arrive at the PASE server at a high rate. In such circumstances, the single centralized server becomes the performance bottleneck. In order to solve this problem, thesis proposes a grid-enabled workflow computing platform. It can dynamically add or remove resources on demand, and maintain acceptable and stable request response time. We implemented the prototype system based on the proposed architecture and conducted a series of experiments for performance evaluation. The results of experiments evidence that under different workloads, ranging from 50 to 2,500 instances, the proposed architecture can deliver a nearly constant response time, benefiting from its scalable feature.

碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>資訊管理研究所<br>90<br>Workflow has become a critical enabler in many enterprise applications including portals and e-business but is still insufficient from the knowledge management perspective. Especially in the area of task assignment, most commercial workflow software only supports role-based task assignment mechanism, which obviously doesn’t meet the need of today’s enterprises. This paper proposes a criteria-based task assignment mechanism, making use of such technologies as ontology, organizational memory, and dynamic task assignment, to retain and reuse the experience and knowledge created during the process of task assignment. It is aimed at retaining invaluable decision contents and promoting the decision quality of task assignment. From the management perspective, the proposed framework covers three areas of considerations on task assignment including competency, organizational structure and human relationships. Our ultimate objectives are to enhance the functionality of task assignment and promote the KM role of workflow.

碩士<br>元智大學<br>資訊管理學系<br>96<br>Nowadays, the global economic has facing the rapid changes and massive competition. Large enterprises focus the market strategy on the concept of not only developing the global market as a whole, also form a set of manufactures into a global production networks. Being more cost effective is an important issue as the Taiwan local enterprises tend to move their manufactures over to China to win a better position in the world competition. Therefore, how to effectively keep the oversea manufactures and head quarter information connected has became a significant subject particularly on the procedure of inner-department data transfer, information exchange, and communication. This paper analyzes the cross-strait business model via study on the listed company specified in manufacturing industry. The analysis will investigate the current situation, problems, and implied problems on the data procedure that based on Web service Distributed Computing Base Management implement. By applying the structural observation, recording precisely on the time frame of data transfer procedure before and after the system has deployed that determines whether the system has effectively improve and simplify the whole work process. The purpose of this study is to offer a useful resource for the companies that consider in extending the business overseas with more efficient IT system development and deploy management.

碩士<br>中原大學<br>資訊管理研究所<br>92<br>Many enterprises, during the process of implementing ERP, would discover that the ERP is unable to meet the demand of the enterprises entirely due to difference in the cultural background or industry. Take Human Resource Module for example, due to a number of legal limitations and requirements, enterprises would find the functions of the Human Resources Module and the design of the work process vary significantly from the demand of the enterprises. As a result, whether the enterprises choose to change the current operational process to fit the ERP or customized ERP to meet the demand of the enterprises, customization of the existing ERP could be very costly. On the other hand, Workflow Management System (WfMS) is able to followed previously defined procedure or process to achieve the required goal. The dynamic modification, execution , and management of the processes within the system could assist the management to coordinate, control, audit, and manage the internal operation of the enterprises. In this vein, this study proposed a Business Flow Collaborative Platform structure (BFCP structure), which allows the ERP and Workflow Management System to coordinate on operation and integrate the systems. Based on the given foundation, BFCP is able to customize the ERP, especially the customization that can be designed and executed by Workflow Management System. Moreover, the integrate method for the two system were expounded in this study, and clearly-defined prototypes for basic work processes, such as Sequence, AND-Join, OR-Join, etc. were developed, so as to provide a solution to customization of the ERP.

碩士<br>中原大學<br>資訊管理研究所<br>94<br>New economies and global markets with their accompanying intense competition has generated the need for organizations to develop and adopt new working models and infrastructures. Most companies have recognized the need for business process reorganization and vigilant management to increase efficiency and to survive intense competition. Information systems have been a widely adopted solution to support process redesign and management. In particular, two classes of systems have distinguished themselves: Workflow Management Systems (WfMSs) and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems. Both solutions focus on the automation of business processes, data transfer, and information sharing across the organization. While the targeted problems are the same, the technological approach and features of each solution are distinct. It is, therefore, important to discern the advantages and limitations of each system. The study probe for the result after ERP impleteation in Taiwan enterprise, base on internal control of purchase cycle: 1. Enterprise can intensify control point of internal control 2. The influence on workflow management in internal control 3. Base on the internal control, to differentiate the differnece

碩士<br>國立中正大學<br>會計與資訊科技研究所<br>103<br>The firms have implemented Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) for connection internal departments information and resources to share and deliver them each other rapidly. Because ERP do not contain all systems firm need, the collocation and integration of ERP and Workflow Management System (WFMS) are complementary and effective. The study adopted a case study method to investigates a case company, Taiwan professional display manufacturer, integrate heterogeneous ERP (Oracle and SAP) and sales return & allowance WFMS after the merger. The study also investigates the benefit and contribution of the integration; it has a direct and important impact on firm efficiency. Finally, some suggestions and references for application of the integration of heterogeneous ERP and WFMS are helpful company performance.

Das Thema Workflow-Management hat in den letzten Jahren stark an Bedeutung gewonnen, so dass es in der Zwischenzeit eine Reihe von Forschungsarbeiten gibt und auch verschiedene kommerzielle Workflow-Management-Systeme am Markt verfügbar sind. Ein Problem der meisten kommerziellen Systeme ist, dass sie zur Laufzeit nicht auf Ereignisse reagieren können und keine Möglichkeit bieten die Workflows zur Laufzeit an geänderte Bedingungen anzupassen. In vielen Anwendungsbereichen, wie der Medizin, ist dies aber von entscheidender Bedeutung. Im Rahmen des Projekts 'AgentWork' wird ein Workflow-Management-System entwickelt, dass die dynamische Adaptation der Workflows zur Laufzeit ermöglicht. Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit der Konzeption und prototypischen Implementierung einer Workflow Engine, die eine dynamische Unterbrechung der Workflows zur Laufzeit gestattet. Dies bildet die Grundlage für die anschließende Adaptation der Workflows.

Das Thema Workflow-Management hat in den letzten Jahren ein beständig steigendes Interesse aus Forschung und Anwendung erfahren. Weit über 100 Anbieter haben eine Vielzahl von Workflowprodukten auf den Markt gebracht, deren unterschiedliche Ansätze eine gemeinsame Betrachtung erschweren. Die vorliegende Arbeit will einen Überblick über den erreichten Stand auf dem Forschungsgebiet Workflow-Management geben und untersuchen, inwieweit sich die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse in den Produkten wiederfinden. Besondere Beachtung findet dabei die Frage, ob die Produkte neue Informationsinseln darstellen oder Interaktionen mit anderen Anwendungen, speziell anderen Workflow-Management-Systemen, möglich sind.

Im Rahmen des Projektes 'HematoWork' sollen Workflow-Management-Systeme zur Üerwachung von onkologischen Behandlungsabl'äufen genutzt werden. Im Rahmen des zu schaffenden Gesamtsystems werden neben dem WfMS verschiedene Applikationen eingesetzt. Als Middleware wird im Projekt die Anwendbarkeit von CORBA untersucht. Damit wurde es nötig, das Zusammenspiel von CORBA und WfMS, speziell am Beispiel von IBM FlowMark zu untersuchen. Um Methoden von CORBA-Objekten als Applikationen oder in Übergangsbedingungen im Kontrollfluß von WfMS verwenden zu können, werden in der Arbeit sowohl Aspekte zur Workflow-Definitionszeit als auch zur Laufzeit untersucht. Neben einer neuen, von technischen Aspekten des CORBA- Methodenaufrufs abstrahierenden Workflow-Modellierungssprache und einem entsprechenden Compiler in die Workflow-Modellierungssprache von IBM FlowMark wurde eine Datenbank eingeführt, die dem Management der Lebensdauer und Gültigkeit von Daten, die durch CORBA-Objekte erzeugt oder repräsentiert werden, dient.