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Norkulova, Iroda Bahrom qizi, and Zilola Yoqubjon qizi Abduraxmanova. "Lexical syntactic stylistic devices." TECHNICAL SCIENCE RESEARCH IN UZBEKISTAN 1, no. 3 (2023): 143–46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10050995.
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This article gives information about Lexical syntactic stylistic devices. In this article it has several paragraphs, which give full data about this. It is based on what is lexical-syntactic stylistic devices. In short, lexical-syntactic stylistic devices include climax, antithesis, litotes, simile, periphrasis, ellipses. What is lexical syntactic stylistic devices? What is simile? What is the difference between litotes and ellipses? In this article, candidates can learn how to be a good learner and what is lexical syntactic stylistic devices. And candidates can learn how to use it?
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Singh, Rajendra, and Balkrishan Kachroo. "Textual Cohesion in Hindi." ITL - International Journal of Applied Linguistics 76 (January 1, 1987): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/itl.76.01sin.
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The purpose of this paper is to summarize some preliminary research on textual cohesion in Hindi. The study of linguistic cohesion attempts to isolate linguistic devices used to ‘link’ sentences in a discourse. The present study was undertaken to find out exactly what cohesion devices are used in Hindi and how the linking texture of Hindi discourses differs from that of English. Although both Hindi and English use some of the same cohesion devices, there are both quantitative and qualitative differences in their textures. This paper focuses on Hindi-particular cohesion devices and on devices differentially exploited to Hindi and English. An example of a Hindi particular cohesion device is ‘Adjective Promotion’. The differential exploitation of the device of co-referential NP provides an example of the second type of difference between the two languages. Hindi uses it far more frequently than English. Our results also provide evidence for the hypothesis that parallel sublanguages of Hindi and English are more alike in their cohesive texture than are different sub-languages of either of these two languages. ‘Stylistic contact’ in the domain of more technical sublanguage may provide an explanation for this. Our study shows not only what some of the Hindi-particular cohesion devies are but also how a large number of shared cohesion devices are differentially exploited by different languages and what sorts of trade-offs are made amongst the major types of cohesion devices (semantic, syntactic, morphological, and lexical).
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Mohammed, Yassin Mohd Aba Sha'ar, and Abdullah Abdulghaffar Abdulqader Khalil. "LINGUISTIC FOREGROUNDING IN BUFFALO BILL BY E. E. CUMMINGS: A STYLISTIC ANALYSIS." International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research in Arts and Humanities 3, no. 1 (2018): 137–42. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1205104.
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To begin with, stylistics in the one hand is a discipline of applied linguistics that utilizes linguistic theories, perspectives and methods in analyzing all the literary narratives. More tellingly, stylistics in the one side is a field of study that stands between literary criticism and linguistics, i.e. it involves both literature and linguistics. Foregrounding in the other side refers to the use of literary devices (poetic language, parallelism and deviation for instance) for the sake of challenging the common and/or traditional literary norms and achieving deautomatization or literary –aesthetic functions. In addition, e. e. Cummings American poet;is considered as one of the most celebrated poets in the modern period. He is worldly known for his Avant-grade typography, nonconformist construction and eccentric capitalization. Therefore, the main contention of this paper is to analyze literarily and stylistically Cummings’ poem Buffalo Bill in all the stylistic levels (graphological, phonological, lexical, morphological, syntactic and semantic levels). Accordingly, this paper presents e. e. Cummings as a unique modernist poet. It explains extensively what do the concepts foregrounding and stylistics mean. Besides, this paper argues how Cummings resolved to accomplish ‘literariness’ in his poem through using eccentric typography, rebellious structures and uncommon capitalization.
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Wierzbiński, Jarosław. "Иллюзия иностранной речи в структуре текстов Михаила Зощенко". Studia Rossica Posnaniensia, № 43 (26 листопада 2018): 315–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/strp.2018.43.25.
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Mikhail Zoshchenko creates specific configurations of word and stylistic constructions using foreign-language parentheses in form of separate lexems, expressions and syntactic structures inserted into passages of a protagonist’s speech. The phenomenon of compilation of Russian and foreign-language forms [or quasi-foreign — taking into consideration the significant number of distortions] can be illustrated by the short story ‘История с переодеванием’. The interlocutors in the text, who in fact cannot speak any foreign language, pretend to use ‘foreign’ words and expressions, involving themselves in a specific verbal game. Their dialogue consists of collocations carried to absurdity, for example: ‘...их бин ейне шамбер-циммер Испания. Компрене? Испания. Падеспань’; ‘Ву зет Германия, одер, может быть, что-нибудь другое?’. Such words and foreign illogical collocations appear to be a unique stylistic device in Zoshchenko’s texts. Their specific features are determined by foreign lexical units usually belonging to several languages. Most frequent are syntactic structures containing Germanisms and Gallicisms. What is more, in Zoshchenko’s texts the foreign parenthetic words and expressions are used exclusively in Russian graphics, which leads to certain changes and modifications of their semantic and phonetic structures according to the model of the Russian language. Transliteration does not reflect the adequate articulation of foreign words and, consequently, results in grotesque effects.
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Yumrukuz, Anastasia, and Liubov Pershyna. "LINGUAL AND STYLISTICAL SPECIFICS OF THE ENGLISH MOBILE NOVEL." Scientific Research Issues of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky: Linguistic Sciences 2023, no. 37 (2023): 108–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2023-37-8.
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The article examines the linguistic and stylistic features of a new genre of literature — the mobile novel. It is noted that the development of communica- tion technologies in the period of the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st centuries became the impetus for the emergence of hybrid forms that arose during the transition of classical genres to a new for them interactive environ- ment and the development of new means of artistic expression based on modern telecommunication technologies, which include mobile novel. It was determined that the purely linguistic features of the texts of this genre include the use of abbre- viations; colloquial, simplified and lapidary style; frequent omission of dramatic dialogues, which allows the reader to independently guess and interpret what they have read; the sharp unfolding of plots often keeps the reader in suspense and stimulates anticipation of the next part. The graphic stylistic devices of the mo- bile novel include the use of capitalization, phonetic repetitions (alliteration or assonance), the use of emoji, unconventional punctuation (the use of hyphens, infinity signs, exclamation marks in the middle of the sentence, etc.). During the experimental study, the linguistic stylistic features of the mobile novel “Second- Hand Memories” by the English-speaking author of Japanese origin Takatsu were analyzed. In the process of research, the compositional structure, plot line, roles of the main characters, as well as linguistic stylistic phenomena of the three levels of language — phonographical, lexical and grammatical, and syntactic — were analyzed.
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Maslova, Yuliia. "PERSUASIVENESS OF NEWSPAPER DISCOURSE OF MODERN UKRAINE DURING THE WAR PERIOD." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ Fìlologìčna 1, no. 18(86) (2023): 33–36. https://doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2023-18(86)-33-36.
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In the research, we understand newspaper discourse as a special type of discourse, which is represented in newspapers, the main purpose of which is to promptly present information about events taking place in the world and in Ukraine in particular, collected from various sources, with relevant comments and thorough analysis. We consider a comprehensive understanding of newspaper discourse during the war to be a rather urgent problem for several reasons. First, it is a period of heightened tension in society, when mass media play an important role in shaping public opinion. Newspaper discourse, as a component of media discourse, is one of the most influential means of mass communication, and its research makes it possible to understand exactly how newspaper texts shape public opinion, support the moral spirit of the people, patriotism and fighting spirit of Ukrainians, and what language means journalists use for the function of persuasion and arguments. Secondly, the war period is a time when not only the socio-political situation in the country changes, but also the language of newspaper publications becomes more expressive with the appearance of new terms, abbreviations, and other linguistic constructions used to describe military events and processes that cause considerable emotions in society. Therefore, the study of newspaper discourse during the war allows studying not only the rhetorical devices used in newspapers and publications, but also to trace changes in the language system, in particular, in the genre and stylistic organization of newspaper texts. Taking into account the persuasive nature of newspaper discourse (the ability to influence the beliefs, thoughts, feelings, or behaviour of other people), we believe that the main goal of a journalist in the realities of today is not just to inform the audience, but also to convince the public of the need for a patriotic fighting spirit during wartime, and peripeteia. The implementation of persuasive influence in newspaper communication involves the use of language as the main tool of persuasion. The influence on the reader can be exerted in various ways, thanks to a well-thought-out system of lexical, grammatical, syntactic and stylistic means that harmoniously interact with each other. Also, persuasiveness includes the use of various communication strategies and tools in order to convince others, namely: logical arguments, use of facts and evidence, emotional appeal, use of authoritative sources, non-verbal semiotic resources, social influence and other rhetorical techniques and tactics.
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Oyxunboeva, Dilafruz Mahmud qizi, and Zilola Yoqubjon qizi Abduraxmanova. "Syntactic stylistic devices." TECHNICAL SCIENCE RESEARCH IN UZBEKISTAN 1, no. 3 (2023): 129–31. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10043153.
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This article gives information about Syntactic stylistic devices. In this article it has several paragraphs, which give full data about this. It is based on what is syntactic stylistic devices. In short, syntactic stylistic devices include inversion, indivisible structures, parallel devices, chiasm, repetition, ellipse, accent, counting, gradation, antithesis, and each of them performs a specific function. What is indivisible structures? What is the difference between chiasm and repetition? What is ellipse? In this article, candidates can learn how to be a good learner and what is stylistic devices and how to use it.
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I.V., Dolynskiy. "RHETORICAL DEVICES IN THE AMERICAN LEADERS’ POLITICAL SPEECHES AS THE MANIPULATION WAYS OF THE CITIZENS’ PUBLIC CONSCIOUSNESS." Scientific Bulletin of Kherson State University. Series Germanic Studies and Intercultural Communication, no. 1 (August 2, 2021): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32999/ksu2663-3426/2021-1-7.
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Increasing of language contacts, globalization and internationalization of public relations, expansion of modern information technologies encourage a comprehensive study of modern English communication. Political activity has always played a special role in society. An important role in determining the country’s international image is played by its presentation by the country’s political leaders. With the help of speeches, politicians have the opportunity to address both the international community and the citizens of their country. Direct contact with the audience determines the choice of lexical, syntactic and phonetic means in the design of speech. Political speeches have three main functions: the communication function, the announcement function and the influence function. American oratory theorists point to the need for the speaker to concentrate on composing his speech, taking into account the audience reaction what he is trying to provoke. Much attention in the American oratory theory is paid to the speech compositional construction. One of the political discourse genres is political speech. Presidential political speech is an oral political text, which is proclaimed by the president to a mass audience, sets urgent tasks in a particular sphere of public life, and gives recommendations for the implementation of tasks. It performs the functions of persuasion, agitation, congratulations, has a pre-created script, which depends on the communicative situation. The construction of a political speech is based on the principle of argumentation (introduction, main part, final part), which facilitates the speech audience perception. The study was based on the political speeches texts of two American presidents – John F. Kennedy, Ronald Reagan and presidential candidate Hillary Clinton. The analyzed speeches have different topics: inaugural addresses of presidents, comments during hostilities and diplomatic (delivered during visits). The article highlights the concept of political discourse; it’s identified and described the main types of political speeches; revealed the linguistic and stylistic features and expression means of John F. Kennedy’s; Ronald Reagan; Hillary Clinton political speeches.Key words: English discourse, political speeches, linguistic and stylistic aspect, translation aspect, rhetorical devices. Розширення мовних контактів, глобалізація та інтернаціоналізація суспільних відносин, впровадження сучасних інформаційних технологій спонукають до всебічного дослідження сучасної англомовної комунікації. Політична діяльність завжди відігравала особливу роль у житті суспільства. Політичний дискурс – це явище, з яким люди стикаються щодня. Боротьба за владу є основною темою та рушійним мотивом цієї сфери спіл-кування. Політична комунікація, орієнтована на викладення тих чи інших політичних подій, пропаганду ідей, установок, цінностей, володіє емоційним та інтелектуальним впливом на свідомість громадян. Важливу роль у визначенні іміджу країни відіграє спосіб презентації політичними лідерами держави. За допомогою виступів політики мають можливість звернутися як до міжнародної спільноти, так і до громадян своєї країни. Прямий контакт з аудиторією зумовлює вибір лексичних, синтаксичних і фонетичних засобів в оформленні промови. Політичні промови мають три основні функції: функцію спілкування, функцію повідомлення та функцію впливу. Теоретики американського ораторського мистецтва вказують на необхідність оратора сконцентруватися на тому, щоб його промова була складена, враховуючи реакцію аудиторії, яку він намагається викликати. Велика увага в теорії американського ораторського мистецтва приділяється композиційній побудові ораторської промови. Одним із жанрів політичного дискурсу є політична промова. Президентська політична промова – це усний політичний текст, який проголошується президентом перед масовою аудиторією, ставить назрілі завдання в тій чи іншій сфері громадського життя, дає рекомендації щодо здійснення поставлених завдань. Вона виконує функції переконання, агітації, вітання, має завчасно створений сценарій, який залежить від комунікативної ситуації. Побудова політичної промови засновується на принципі аргументації (вступ, основна частина, завершальна частина), що полегшує сприйняття промови аудиторією. На основі аналізу текстів політичних промов можна змоделювати інтереси, вподобання, типові реакції політичного лідера, його уявлення про друзів і ворогів. Матеріалом дослідження слугували тексти політичних промов двох американських президентів – Джона Кеннеді, Рональда Рейгана – й кандидата в президенти Гілларі Клінтон. Проаналізовані промови мають різну тематику: інавгураційні звернення президентів, коментарі під час воєнних дій і дипломатичні (що виголошувалися під час візитів). У статті викладено поняття політичного дискурсу; визначено й описано основні типи полі-тичних промов; виявлено лінгвостилістичні особливості й засоби вираження політичних промов Джона Кеннеді, Рональда Рейгана, Гілларі Клінтон.Ключові слова:англомовний дискурс, політичні промови, лінгвостилістичний аспект, перекладацький аспект, риторичні прийоми.
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ДАВИДЮК, Юлія. "СПОСОБИ ВІДТВОРЕННЯ СТИЛІСТИЧНО МАРКОВАНИХ ОДИНИЦЬ У ХУДОЖНЬОМУ ДИСКУРСІ АГАТИ КРІСТІ (на матеріалі роману «And then there were none»)". Current issues of linguistics and translation studies 31 (28 серпня 2024): 49–53. https://doi.org/10.31891/2415-7929-2024-31-9.
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The article examines the lexical-semantic or semasiological and syntactic stylistically marked units of Agatha Christie's literary discourse based on the material of the novel "And then there were none". The stylistically marked units not only enhance the expressiveness of the literary text but also attract the reader's attention and are of great interest in analysing and reproducing them from one language into another. The rendering of lexical- semantic and syntactic stylistically marked units in literary texts can be a translation problem, because the successful translation of such stylistic phenomena requires the translator to have considerable literary flair, the ability to distinguish and master various stylistic devices in order to effectively and perfectly reproduce them using the means of the target language. The following methods of translation of author's stylistic devices can be distinguished: complete or full translation (retaining of trope and image); retaining the image but with the replacement of the trope; retaining of the trope with a partial replacement of the image; partial replacement of both the image and the trope with another semantically similar trope; omission of image, translation by the lexical means with direct semantics. In the lexical-semantic or semasiological group the main attention is given to such stylistic devices as antithesis, epithet, simile, metaphor, metonymy, and gradation; in the syntactic group the main attention is paid to inversion, repetitions, parallelism, break in the narrative, and chiasm. Having analysed Agatha Christie's novel «And then there were none», we found that in the lexical-semantic group of stylistically marked units, the translator, in most cases, carried out a complete translation of both the tropes and the images they embody. In several cases, we noticed the replacement of the trope and/or the replacement of the image. In the syntactic group of stylistically marked units the complete translation of stylistic devices was also carried out. Changing of syntactic devices is not usually typical, only in one case. Omission of semasiological and syntactic stylistically marked units was not found.
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Jalilova, Gulchekhra Makhmudjonovna Djalilov Ma'rufjon. "STYLISTIC EXPRESSIVE MEANS OF IMAGERY IN THE LITERARY TEXT." EURASIAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES, PHILOSOPHY AND CULTURE 3, no. 4 (2023): 83–87. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7857708.
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Stylistic expressive means of the language are phonetic, lexical, phraseological and syntactical forms that exist in the language as a system for the purpose of logical and emotional intensification of the utterance [1, 93]. These intensifying forms, wrought by social usage and recognized by their semantic function, have been singled out in textbooks as having special functions in making the utterances emphatic. Stylistic expressive means and stylistic devices introduce connotational (stylistic, non-denotative) meanings into utterances. According to the principles of their formation, stylistic devices are grouped into phonetic, lexico-semantic and syntactic types.
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Prokofeva, Anna Leonidovna, and Elena Aleksandrovna Sereda. "Stylistic features of a literary text from the translation perspective (based on the novella “The Chimes” by Charles Dickens)." Philology. Theory & Practice 17, no. 10 (2024): 3728–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/phil20240527.
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The research aims to describe the stylistic devices used by Charles Dickens in the novella “The Chimes: A Goblin Story of Some Bells that Rang an Old Year Out and a New Year In”, identifying the translation solutions chosen to render the said stylistic devices into Russian. The paper examines the stylistic devices at the lexical, syntactic, and phonetic levels, as well as studies the methods of translating the units under consideration into Russian. The research analyzes the features of the translation of the identified stylistic devices in the target text of the novella. The work is original in that it is the first one to conduct a comprehensive, multi-level study of the stylistic devices in Charles Dickens’s novella “The Chimes” from the translation perspective. As a result of the research, it was determined that the stylistic devices identified at the lexical level are the most frequent ones in the text of the novella, with similes being the most recurrent. The translator often resorts to the use of calquing to render the identified stylistic devices, thereby trying to preserve the stylistic content and expressiveness of the original work.
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Mohammed, Ameen Kamil Jawad. "A STYLISTIC STUDY OF SELECTED POEMS OF HAIKU POETRY." International Journal of Applied and Advanced Scientific Research (IJAASR) 8, no. 1 (2023): 1–5. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7509123.
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The present paper aims to study the Japanese Haiku poetry from a stylistic perspective. To show the stylistic devices employed by Haiku poets, some selected poems from the poetry of Haiku masters, Basho, Buson and so on. To achieve the aims of the study, eleven poems of Japanese Haiku have been qualitative analyzed in terms of a stylistic framework. The findings of analysis revealed that some Stylistic devices are found by the analysis of Hiaku poems. One highly used device is foregrounding or the deviant of structures by means of repetition, fronting and metaphor. Repetition is expressed in Haiku poetry on the syntactic level by means of repeating the same syntactic structures, the lexical level by repetition of the same words, and on the phonological level by repetition of the same consonant sounds (alliteration), and the same vowel sounds (assonance).
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Alisoy, Hasan. "Stylistic Analysis of Donald Trump’s Inaugural Speech: Lexical, Syntactic, and Rhetorical Features." Acta Globalis Humanitatis et Linguarum 2, no. 3 (2025): 9–19. https://doi.org/10.69760/aghel.0250020002.
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This study conducts a comprehensive stylistic analysis of Donald Trump’s inaugural address delivered on January 20, 2017, focusing on its lexical, syntactic, and rhetorical features. As the first U.S. president without prior political or military experience, Trump’s language was intentionally crafted to reflect a populist identity and connect with a broad audience. The analysis reveals that Trump’s speech is marked by lexical simplicity, frequent repetition, and emotionally charged vocabulary. Syntactically, the address relies heavily on short, declarative sentences, parallel structures, and high-modality constructions. Rhetorically, devices such as anaphora, antithesis, vivid imagery, and direct audience engagement play central roles in shaping the speech’s persuasive force. These stylistic elements work cohesively to project a clear, assertive message and to perform a political identity rooted in populism and anti-elitism. The findings underscore the strategic nature of Trump’s stylistic choices, contributing to the understanding of political discourse in contemporary American rhetoric.
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Кобута, Світлана. "Прагматичні функції стилістичних засобів в діалогічному мовленні героїв роману Річарда Олдінгтона «Death of a hero»". Pomiędzy. Polonistyczno-Ukrainoznawcze Studia Naukowe 6, № 3 (2022): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15804/ppusn.2022.03.13.
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This article deals the role and place of stylistic devices in a work of art in the literary pragmatics context. Operating on the level «author – work – reader», literary pragmatics offers an interpretation of the text together in the light of hidden information. The paper focuses on the stylistic analysis of the dialogues of the characters in Richard Aldington’s novel “Death of a Hero” and defining the pragmatic functions of the given stylistic devices as source of implicit information. In addition to direct descriptions, Richard Aldington characterizes his characters through their speech. Stylistic figures in the dialogues help to assess the situation and understand the way of thinking of characters and their personal features. Phonetic and graphic stylistic devices often indicate the social background of the speaker, his emotional state and situations in which dialogues take palce. Syntactic stylistic means in dialogues are usually broken sentences, they do not add much aesthetic beauty or understanding of ideas, but they allow the author to make characters more believable so that readers feel for them. Syntactic stylistic devices in the dialogues of the novel provide readers with an opportunity to complete the thought of the character, to understand the course of their thoughts. The most frequently used stylistic devices in the dialogues of the novel Richard Aldington are of a lexical stratum; they not only enrich the language of a character, but also allow to evaluate their intelligence, depth of knowledge, imagination level, social background, age group, era. It is thanks to the stylistic devices that the author implicitly manages to explain that there has always been an abyss of misunderstanding between the protagonist and his surrounding, regardless of where he was at a certain stage of life. The contrast of the use of tropes in the speech of the protagonist before and after he became a soldier, demonstrating the fundamental changes in his outlook, shows a particularly important pragmatic function of the stylistic devices usage.
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Lavrinenko, I. Yu. "STYLISTIC FIGURES AS MEANS OF AFFIRMATION IN THE ENGLISH SLOGANS: LEXICAL, SYNTACTIC AND PHONETIC FEATURES." Modern Linguistic and Methodical-and-Didactic Researches, no. 2(37) (December 31, 2022): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/mlmdr.2022.43.91.005.
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Problem statement. Today in conditions of modern development of digital technologies communication undergoes substantial changes which influence the character and form of people`s interaction. Today communication is mainly carried out by means of text messages, being generated and percepted not only by means of technical devices, but also with the help of items of clothes. Text messages function like slogans, performing certain pragmatic function and are characterized by stylistic features. The research is aimed at determining stylistic features of the English slogans, represented by affirmative constructions. Their classification, quantitative analyses on the lexical, syntactic and phonetic levels are presented. Results. The slogans on clothes are characterized by poly-discourse character. Their pragmatic functions are realized by means of the following stylistic method: stylistic figures, rhetorical colours, phonetic stylistic means. The most popular stylistic method of the linguistic representation of the English slogans is stylistic figures. They include parallel construction, parcellings, phetorical questions, abbreviations, argumentation, conditional sentences and inversions. Conclusion. Stylistic methods used in slogans serve as translators of axiological perceptions of the representatives of the youth. The texts of slogans are characterized by combination of syntactical understatement, lexical density and semantic parallelism. The linguistic models relevant for the discourse of the youth are characterized by the use of laconic brief (block-like) information, truncated syntactic constructions, aimed at exerting intensive emotional influence on recipient. Prevailing affirmative syntactical constructions, representing the semantic features of creative, non-trivial attitude to themselves and the world is the key features of the discourse of the youth.
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Burmakova, Elena A., and Natalia V. Polyakova. "COMMUNICATIVE MOVE “INDIRECT INSULT” IN A POLITICAL TALK SHOW (based on Tucker Carlson Tonight)." IKBFU's Vestnik. Series: Humanities and Social Sciences, no. 1 (2025): 18–30. https://doi.org/10.5922/vestnikpsy-2025-1-2.
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The relevance of this research topic is determined by the growing interest of linguists in studying the means of verbalizing speech aggression in the discourse of politicians and political commentators. This interest is reflected in the analysis of the repertoire of speech strategies employed, implemented through specific tactics and represented by particular speech moves and linguistic means. The study analyzes the speech move “indirect insult,” which actualizes the tactic of insult within the speech-behavioral strategy of discrediting the President Biden administration, aiming to identify the linguistic means of expressing this speech move. Three groups of lexical means (non-normative, colloquial lexical units, and lexical units with negative connotations) and three groups of stylistic devices (means of imagery creation, descriptive and attributive means, and expressive syntactic devices) were identified, along with a set of characteristic grammatical constructions that objectify the speech move “indirect insult.” It was established that lexical units of high, medium, and low degrees of invectiveness, according to the scale of invective lexicon developed by A. N. Pachina and I. V. Pekarskaya, determine the occurrence of an indirect insult, while grammatical constructions and expressive syntactic means serve as auxiliary elements in manifesting this speech move.
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Batrynchuk, Zoriana, Tetiana Surodeikina, and Ihor Bercha. "STYLISTIC PECULIARITIES OF JOE BIDEN’S MICROBLOG IN TWITTER SOCIAL NETWORK." Germanic Philology Journal of Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, no. 843 (July 2023): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/gph2023.843.3-10.
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The present article aims at analyzing stylistic features of the Internet discourse on the material of a microblog by a famous world politician Joe Biden in his official Twitter account. The subject of our research is various stylistic devices by which the transfer of the author's emotional state to his readers and his attitude towards the major world events is formed. A range of scientific methods have been employed to classify the means of expression, namely: descriptive and comparative methods as well as the method of stylistic and discourse analysis. To achieve this goal, the peculiarities of the functioning of stylistic devices have been considered. The frequency of using these tools in the Internet discourse under study has also been studied. In general, Joe Biden’s tweets are characterized by highlighting the fast progress of his administration in various spheres of life, the use of both colloquial and bookish vocabulary, and scarcity of law and political terms. The tweets under analysis contain numerous lexical stylistic devices, among which the most frequently used appeared to be metaphor, metonymy and epithet. Moreover, the American president employs plenty of syntactic stylistic devices such as rhetorical questions, ellipsis, anaphora, stylistic repetition and gradation. Antithesis, epiphora and anadiplosis are few in occurrence. Also, this microblog can be characterized by the use of such phonetic stylistic devices as alliteration of consonant sounds /r/, /k/, /s/ and /m/ as well as assonance of vowel sounds /æ/ and /e/. Thus, Joe Biden’s microblog is rich in various stylistic devices. Key words: the Internet discourse, microblog, Twitter, Joe Biden, stylistic devices.
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Savchuk, Valery. "Communicative techniques of the U.S. presidents for effective nation leader image formation in social consciousness." Society.Document.Communication 9, no. 2 (2024): 52–61. https://doi.org/10.69587/sdc/2.2024.51.
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The study of crisis speeches by U.S. presidents Donald Trump, Joe Biden, and Barack Obama is important due to the increasing role of effective political communication in contemporary society. The analysis of language means, used in these speeches, helped to understand how leaders influence the audience and shape their positive image. The aim of the study was to identify the key language devices the presidents use for effective communication with the audience and the formation of a positive leader’s image. The research methodology was based on a comprehensive approach, including phonetic, lexical, and syntactic analysis of speech texts. Semantic analysis was applied to identify key language blocks, along with intent analysis to determine the communicative techniques employed by presidents to influence the audience. The study’s findings revealed that the use of stylistic devices at the phonetic, lexical, and syntactic levels play a crucial role in the effectiveness of crisis speeches by U.S. presidents Donald Trump, Joe Biden, and Barack Obama. At the phonetic level, alliteration emerged as a prominent tool, used to create a rhythmic flow that enhances emotional resonance and emphasizes key points. This technique, frequently employed by all three presidents, draws attention to important terms, aiding in the retention and impact of their speeches. At the lexical level, metaphors and epithets were identified as essential for creating vivid imagery and simplifying complex issues. Metaphors allowed the presidents to convey abstract or multifaceted concepts in a relatable and emotionally charged manner. Syntactic devices, including antithesis, parallel constructions, and repetition, were found to reinforce key messages by providing structural clarity and emotional depth. Antithesis was especially effective in highlighting contrasts between achievements and challenges. Such rhetorical structures not only heightened the persuasive power of the speeches but also strengthened the presidents’ portrayal as decisive and competent leaders. The findings underscore the importance of stylistic devices in political communication, demonstrating their role in enhancing both the clarity of message delivery and emotional engagement with the audien
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Kost, Anna Myroslavivna, and Zoryana Fedorivna Piskozub. "METADISCURSIVE ANALYSIS OF THE ANIMAL WORLD IN THE PROVERBS (COMPARATIVE FRENCH-UKRAINIAN APPROACH)." Studia Linguistica, no. 24 (2024): 56–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/studling2024.24.56-76.
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The topic chosen for this study is intended to provoke reflection on proverbs, the structure of which contains the name of an animal. This choice is not random and is justified by the anthropological interest of the study. The article determines to what extent proverbs belonging to different language communities represent similar or divergent lexical-semantic and syntactic combinations, expressing identical meaning. Configurations specific to the French and Ukrainian languages, which generate lexical, syntagmatic and perceptual variations, are also taken into account. Another aspect of our research is devoted to the interpretation of the expressiveness of proverbs using stylistic and syntactic means. The research conducted in this particularly rich sector of proverbs requires the integration of multidimensional analysis methods, starting from
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Al-Muslimawi, Ihssan A. J., and Suzanne A. Kadhim. "A STYLISTIC STUDY OF DIRAAR’S DESCRIPTION OF IMAM ALI BIN ABI TALIB (AS)." International Journal of Education Humanities and Social Science 07, no. 04 (2024): 388–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.54922/ijehss.2024.0774.
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Stylistics is the study of the distinctive styles found in particular literary genres and in the works of individual writers. Stylistic analysis is the analysis of various language styles to extract the meaning or message contained in the text. This study focuses on the stylistic analysis of the description of Diraar to Imam Ali (AS). The aim is to examine the linguistic features and techniques employed in the description, shedding light on the stylistic choices made by the author. By analyzing the syntactic structures, lexical choices, and rhetorical devices used, this study aims to uncover the stylistic elements that contribute to the overall effect and impact of the description. The findings of this study show that Diraar’s descriptions of Imam Ali (AS) transcend a mere portrayal; it is a masterful composition that weaves together language, imagery, tone, and paradox to convey the Multifaced nature of this revered figure.
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Al-Muslimawi, Ihssan A. J., and Suzanne A. Kadhim. "A Stylistic Study of Diraar’s Description of Imam Ali Bin Abi Talib (AS)." Manar Elsharq Journal for Literature and Language Studies 2, no. 3 (2024): 38–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.56961/mejlls.v2i3.735.
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Stylistics is the study of the distinctive styles found in particular literary genres and in the works of individual writers. Stylistic analysis is the analysis of various language styles to extract the meaning or message contained in the text. This study focuses on the stylistic analysis of the description of Diraar to Imam Ali (AS). The aim is to examine the linguistic features and techniques employed in the description, shedding light on the stylistic choices made by the author. By analyzing the syntactic structures, lexical choices, and rhetorical devices used, this study aims to uncover the stylistic elements that contribute to the overall effect and impact of the description. The findings of this study show that Diraar’s descriptions of Imam Ali (AS) transcend a mere portrayal; it is a masterful composition that weaves together language, imagery, tone, and paradox to convey the Multifaced nature of this revered figure..
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Degtyaryova, Ekaterina. "Linguistic Means of Expressing Evaluation in J. Grisham’s Novel “Rogue Lawyer”." Legal Linguistics, no. 29(40) (October 1, 2023): 98–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/leglin(2023)2915.
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Linguistics actively discusses the content of the notion of evaluation as a language category. The given article aims at analyzing linguistic means of expressing evaluation in John Grisham’s novel “Rogue Lawyer”. The analysis was carried out with the help of the following methods of research: continuous sampling method, textual analysis of the selected means of evaluation, statistical data processing. The article deals with lexical and syntactic means of evaluation. The evaluation in most cases has a “minus sign”. The article contains examples of lexical means of evaluation, such as pejoratives, melioratives, idioms, modal words. It also deals with stylistic devices providing evaluation: metaphor, simile, irony, allusion. The paper analyses the syntactic means used by the author to express evaluation: rhetorical questions, exclamatory sentences, parallel constructions, repetition. The research shows that with the help of the linguistic means of evaluation the author manages to create the negative image of most representatives of the judicial system and demonstrate his attitude towards the system of justice in his country.
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Kopshukova, Ekaterina Valerevna, Irina Nikolaevna Nikitina, and Natalya Valerevna Panina. "Linguopragmatic approach to linguostylistic ways of organizing English microtexts in fashion discourse." Philology. Issues of Theory and Practice 17, no. 7 (2024): 2286–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/phil20240327.
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The purpose of this article is to identify the linguistic and stylistic ways of organizing English microtexts in fashion discourse in terms of discourse analysis, pragmatics and functional stylistic analysis. The novelty of the study refers to the fact that as a result of an integrated approach to the linguostylistic ways of organizing English microtexts, we were able not only to identify and systematize expressive means and stylistic devices of English microtexts from the world of modern youth fashion, but also to discover examples of discourse interference when linguistic means of colloquial, publicist, belles-lettres, scientific and official styles are combined, which leads to an enhanced pragmatic effect of English microtexts in fashion discourse. The article presents examples of paralinguistic means such as font, text layout, color, images, in connection with verbal components that perform appellative and regulatory functions. The analysis revealed that stylistic means of lexical and syntactic levels significantly predominate in English microtexts on clothing and accessories.
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Лавриненко, И. Ю. "STYLISTIC FIGURES AS MEANS OF AFFIRMATION IN THE ENGLISH SLOGANS: LEXICAL, SYNTACTIC AND PHONETIC FEATURES." НАУЧНЫЙ ЖУРНАЛ СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ЛИНГВИСТИЧЕСКИЕ И МЕТОДИКО-ДИДАКТИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ, no. 2(54) (June 16, 2022): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/vstu.2022.76.85.005.
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Постановка задачи. В условиях современного развития цифровых технологий в коммуникационной среде происходят значительнее изменения, которые влияют и на характер, и на форму взаимодействия людей. Общение сегодня все больше реализуется при помощи текстовых сообщений, площадкой генерирования и перцепции для которых выступают не только технические средства, но и предметы гардероба. Текстовые сообщения представляют собой слоганы, несущие определенную прагматическую нагрузку и обладающие стилистическими особенностями. Целью предлагаемого исследования является определение стилистических особенностей английских слоганов, которые выражены аффирмативными конструкциями. Приводится классификация и квантитативный анализ слоганов на лексическом, синтаксическом и фонетическом уровнях. Результаты. Слоганы на одежде характеризуются полидискурсивностью. Прагматические функции слоганов реализованы посредством стилистических приемов: стилистических фигур, тропов, фонетических стилистических средств . Наиболее популярным стилистическим приемом языковой репрезентации английских слоганов выступают стилистические фигуры . В их состав входят параллельные конструкции, парцелляции, риторические вопросы, аббревиатуры, аргументация, условные предложения и инверсии . Выводы. Стилистические приемы английских слоганов служат трансляторами ценностных смыслов представителей молодежной среды. Для текстов слоганов характерно соотношение синтаксической недосказанности, лексической насыщенности и семантического параллелизма. К языковым моделям, актуальным для молодежного дискурса, относятся: оперирование лаконичной блочной информацией, усеченными синтаксическими конструкциями, оказывающими интенсивное эмоциональное воздействие на реципиента. Превалирование в числе слоганов аффирмативных синтаксических конструкций, передающих семантические признаки креативного, нетривиального отношения к себе и действительности, является ключевой особенностью молодежного дискурса. Problem statement. Today modern development of digital technologies undergoes substantial changes which influence the character and form of people`s communication. Modern communication is mainly carried out by means of text messages, being generated and perceived not only by means of technical devices, but also with the help of items of clothes. Text messages function like slogans, which perform certain pragmatic function and are characterized by stylistic features. The research is aimed at determining stylistic features of the English slogans, represented by affirmative sentences. Their classification, quantitative analyses are presented on the lexical, syntactic and phonetic levels. Results. The slogans on clothes are characterized by poly-discourse character. Their pragmatic functions are performed by means of the following stylistic methods: stylistic figures, rhetorical colours, phonetic stylistic means. The most popular stylistic method of the linguistic representation of the English slogans is stylistic figures. They include parallel construction , parcellings , rhetorical questions , abbreviations , argumentation , conditional sentences and inversions . Conclusion. Stylistic methods used in slogans express axiological perceptions of the representatives of the young people. The texts of slogans are characterized by combination of syntactical understatement, lexical density and semantic parallelism. The linguistic models relevant for the discourse of the young people are characterized by the transmission of laconic, brief (block-like) information, truncated syntactic constructions, aimed at exerting intensive emotional influence. Prevailing affirmative syntactical constructions, which represent creative, non-trivial attitude to themselves and the world is the key features of the discourse of the young.
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Filyasova, Yulia A. "The Stylistics of English Headlines in Promotional Discourse: a Multidimensional Study." RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics 14, no. 3 (2023): 856–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2299-2023-14-3-856-875.
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The study is relevant due to the needs of studying promotional discourse in terms of effective use of linguistic means for product and service promotion in a competitive market. The aim of this study is to study the stylistic and communicative features of headlines in promotional discourse in the English language. The research material included 2092 headlines from 115 automobile brochures (44 car brands). The research methods include discourse analysis, linguocognitive categorization by semantic and functional criteria, quantitative analysis, and cognitive mapping. As a result of the study, it was found that the headlines contained a wide range of stylistic devices. The most numerous are lexical means - hyperbole, metaphor, epithet, personification, idioms, metonymy, repetition, incorporation, and blends. The figures of speech based on syntactic means - hyperbole, comparison, antithesis, parceling, parallelism, emphasis, inversion, framing, anaphora, chiasm, and pun - occurred less frequently. However, considering the syntactic organization of the headlines with the predicative, imperative, gerundial, attributive and interrogative structures, syntactic means were found dominant due to their wider functionality. Among phonetic devices, alliteration prevailed. The communicative techniques included customization, text navigation, storytelling, informative facts and issues related to driving. The majority of the headlines epitomized a synthesis of various stylistic means whose classification was fulfilled only for the purposes of the linguistic research. The headline length varied within 1-23 words (average 5, median 4, STD 2.75); standard being concise, while creative - more extended. Thematically, the headlines accentuated comfort, emotional commitment to the brands, engine capacity and their low footprint. The obtained results could be used in the practice of teaching English for specific purposes to students specializing in marketing, advertising and public relations.
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Terna, Dr Stephanie Mwarsen, and Dr Elizabeth Ugechi. "Grapho-phonological Stylistic Devices in the Select Novels." Ahyu: A Journal of Language and Literature 5 (December 4, 2022): 62–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.56666/ahyu.v5i.127.
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Previous studies on nominalization in Tiv language focus on nominal compounds where compound words which belong to the grammatical category of nouns are derived through the process of compounding. This paper analyses the nominalization processes (strategies) in the Tiv language. The paper seeks to determine the nominalization processes in the Tiv language, and the classes of words as well as the linguistic units that are nominalized in Tiv. The study adopted the survey method in investigating the facts about the nominalization process in the language. The study used primary sources of data collection. The primary data were sourced through interview. Structured interview questions were used to elicit the needed data on nominalization from the ten selected adult Tiv native speakers in Makurdi and Gboko in Benue State. A total number of eighty (80) data were gathered and analysed. The theory adopted in the paper is Hockett’s (1954) structural theory modified in (2004) whose models are the Item-and-Process (I.P) and Item-and-Arrangement (I.A). The study found out that the processes through which nominalization occurs in the Tiv language are prefixation, prefixation plus some modifications, tonality and desententialization (sentence deconstruction). These processes are discovered to be very productive in nominalization in Tiv. It has also been found out that verbs roots and adjectives are the classes of words that are nominalized (lexical nominalization) in the Tiv language together with sentences (syntactic nominalization). The paper concludes that nominalization is very essential in word creation and helps in enriching the Tiv language.
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Korobkina, Natalia Igorevna. "Specifics of literary devices in J. F. Stephens’s public speech about people with Down syndrome (based on the speech “I am a man”)." Philology. Theory & Practice 17, no. 9 (2024): 3384–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/phil20240479.
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The aim of the research is to identify the literary devices used in J. F. Stephens’s speech “I am a man” and determine their specific characteristics. The article examines the text of J. F. Stephens’s public speech, which addresses the challenges of adapting individuals with Down syndrome in modern society. The work identifies the literary devices used and defines their specific features. The scientific novelty of the research lies in its being the first to provide data on the specifics of literary devices in an English-language journalistic text focusing on the social integration of people with developmental disabilities. This type of text is unique because its author, the speaker, is a person with Down syndrome. Despite his developmental differences, J. F. Stephens was invited to speak at a UN meeting and therefore became one of the few people to be honored with such an opportunity. As a result, the research revealed that the author employs various lexical (metaphor, pun, epithet), syntactic (parallelism, enumeration, anaphora, polysyndeton), and lexico-syntactic (antithesis, logical comparison, gradation) literary devices, as well as medical terminology in a stylistic function, to convey his ideas.
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Omar Osama Nashaat, Riyadh T. K. Al-Ameedi,. "Parallelism in Hemingway’s Old Man and the Sea: Syntactic and Semantic Study." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 1 (2021): 4348–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i1.1512.
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Parallelism are linked to the style of Ernest Hemingway’s writings. They have an origin in the natural creativity of the writer. Through parallelism, writer’s emotions, feelings, style, use, are manifested with a kind of vividness. The current paper attempts to identify stylistic elements in Ernest Hemingway’s ‘The Old Man and The Sea’. The paper attempts to focus on the syntactic and lexical elements, analyse them and figure out the writer’s purposes behind using such elements in this kind of literary text. The paper consists of two parts: an introduction on stylistics and parallelism. The latter is the analysis of Hemingway’s novel Old Man and The Sea and tackles the prominent parallel elements syntactically and semantically in an attempt to find out the purpose behind using such devices.
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Kudaiberdieva, G. "The Role of Linguistic Devices in Shaping Characters’ Personalities in the Works of Aitmatov." Bulletin of Science and Practice 11, no. 4 (2025): 507–12. https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/113/70.
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This article explores the critical role of linguistic devices in shaping the personalities of characters in the works of Chingiz Aitmatov. It investigates how Aitmatov employs a range of stylistic elements—such as lexical choices, syntactic structures, metaphors, symbolism, and imagery—to construct multi-dimensional character portrayals that resonate with emotional and cultural depth. The study demonstrates that these linguistic means not only mirror the socio-cultural context in which Aitmatov wrote but also serve as essential tools for conveying the internal life, moral dilemmas, and psychological intricacies of his characters. By analyzing specific examples from Aitmatov's oeuvre, the article highlights the interplay between language and character development, offering insights into how literary language can enhance narrative realism and engage readers on a profound level.
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Qiao, Meng. "Presentation of China’s National Image in Foreign News Media." Education, Language and Sociology Research 6, no. 3 (2025): p20. https://doi.org/10.22158/elsr.v6n3p20.
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The article aimed to analyze the presentation of China’s national image through China related reports in BBC news website in the UK and CNN news website in the USA. The research utilized descriptive and qualitative approaches that used thematic, stylistic and content analyses to analyze the themes, content, and emotional tone in foreign news reports on China. Results of the data analysis showed that the common themes were on economic, healthcare, politics, sports and social issues. Stylistic devices like lexical, rhetorical, and syntactic strategies were used dominantly by journalist. A rising China, a cooperative China, a competitive China and a mysterious China were presented in foreign news media. Nonetheless, the emotion tone about China tends to be more negative than neutral or positive. Results would serve as a reference to better understand the international community’s perceptions of China, and ultimately cultivate awareness of international understanding through cross-cultural communication.
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Ul Ain, Noor, Sehrish Ayaz, and Muhammad Anwar Farooq. "Stylistic Analysis of Islamophobic Features in Selected Speeches of Ex-Prime Minister of Pakistan Mr. Imran Khan." Global Political Review IX, no. I (2023): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gpr.2024(ix-i).04.
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Stylistics comprises semantic, syntactic, and lexical analysis. Following the method of analysis outlined by Fairclough (1993), this study provides a theoretical analysis of former Prime Minister Imran Khan's Islamophobia-focused speeches in his speeches to the Organization of Islamic Conference and UN General Assembly. Through this analysis, the study aims to reveal the underlying reasons for Prime Minister Imran Khan's comments revealing his concerns about the Islamophobic tendencies of non-Muslims. It not only researches language content but also identifies supporting ideas for target speakers. Concerns about Islamophobia were most convincingly expressed through the narrative of the Pakistani president, who used rhetorical devices to announce his position around the world.
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Nir, Bracha. "Resonance as a resource for stance-taking in narratives." Stance, resonance and the power of engagement 24, no. 1 (2017): 94–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/fol.24.1.05nir.
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Abstract This paper traces the recurrence and manipulation of devices in monologic narrative texts produced by university students based on a semi-structured elicitation. It focuses on a detailed analysis of multiple texts produced by different speaker-writers of Hebrew, to illustrate the function of structural resonance of both clauses and combinations of clauses (Clause Packages). The analyses show that while lexical devices reflect a more distanced (less evaluative) discourse stance (Berman 2005), the use of creative resonance (Du Bois 2014) between syntactic structures can either enhance or undermine the narrator’s own explicit perspective on events. Stance is thus not only highlighted by resonance in monologic texts (Sakita this issue); in fact, stance is engaged with in a way that is very similar to what has been illustrated for dialogue (Dori-Hacohen this issue; Dutra this issue; Nir & Zima this issue). It is suggested that the power of this engagement can be fully assessed only if lexical and syntactic resonance are systematically analyzed.
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Sklyarova, Natalya G. "THE USAGE OF STYLISTIC DEVICES BY B. JOHNSON'S IN THE CONTEXT OF BREXIT PROMOTION." Proceedings of Southern Federal University. Philology 28, no. 1 (2024): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18522/1995-0640-2024-1-60-71.
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The stylistic devices of lexical and syntactic levels, encountered in B. Jonson’s political discourse, are considered in the extra-linguistic context of the forthcoming Brexit in terms of their manipulative function achieved by putting an emotional strain on the audience and increasing the expressiveness of the message. The politician’s speeches, promoting the exit from the EU, are characterized by an extensive use of epithetical adjectives in the comparative and superlative degrees, antitheses, metaphors, hyperboles, repetitions, including anadiplosis, anaphora, epiphora, polysyndeton. They serve to convince the listeners in the advantages of Brexit for the country, instill in them the inadmissibility of its delay, underline the necessity in the integrity of the society, various political forces and all the parts of the United Kingdom in this matter, imply the inevitability of the exit from the EU, indicate its significance and fatefulness and enhance the pressure on the audience. The interaction of the abovementioned language means in the utterance is described and the correspondence between them and certain functions is stated. The solution of the listed communicative tasks contributes to the persuasion of the audience in the necessity of Brexit. Key words: political discourse, Brexit, B. Jonson, stylistic devices, manipulation
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Kobuta, Svitlana. "PRAGMATIC FUNTIONS OF THE STYLISTIC DEVICES IN THE AUTHOR’S SPEECH (ON THE MATERIAL OF «DEATH OF A HERO» BY RICHARD ALDINGTON)." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, no. 9(77) (2020): 181–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2020-9(77)-181-184.
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The article dwells on the peculiarities of the author’s usage of different stylistic devices. Richard Aldington uses a variety of lexical and grammatical stylistic devices in his outstanding novel «Death of a Hero». He is trying to implicitly show his readers his real attitude towards the setting hos novel takes place in. The author constantly leads an indirect dialogue with his readers in order to make them understand the real course of events, but instead of addressing them directly and persuading them to take his point of view as a truly accurate one, Richard Aldington uses a whole range of creative metaphors, similes, hyperbolas, allusions, epithets, parallel constructions and other stylistic devices to convey the true meaning of what he describes. His usage of figures of speeches serves a double purpose: a stylistic one, i.e. to beautify the text and make it linguistically and literary rich, and a pragmatic one, i.e to serve as a source of additional information. The article makes an attempt to find the correlation between these two functions and to come to the conclusions concerning their role in the author’s speech of the novel as an additional source of information.
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Milenin, M. S. "FEATURES OF THE LINGUOPOETIC STUDY OF LEONID ANDREYEV'S FICTIONAL PROSE: A CASE STUDY OF THE NOVELLA THE LIFE OF VASILIY FIVEYSKY." TULA SCIENTIFIC BULLETIN. HISTORY. LINGUISTICS, no. 3(19) (December 5, 2024): 148–60. https://doi.org/10.22405/2712-8407-2024-3-148-160.
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The article presents a linguopoetic analysis of Leonid Nikolayevich Andreyev’s novella The Life of Vasily Fiveysky, aimed at exploring the specific linguistic devices and artistic techniques that shape the expressive content of the text. It examines the semantic transformation of key concepts in the work, such as life and truth, which intensify the novella's existential and religious motifs. The ex-tensive use of pessimistic, emotionally expressive vocabulary creates a sustained effect of emotional tension. The analysis of the novella’s semantic core separately investigates the role of the numerals one and two, which reflect both the theme of solitude and the text's thematic opposition between hu-man and God, providing a foundation for the protagonist’s psychological portrayal. The article also ex-plores the novella’s symbolic onomastic space and stylistic features, including inversions, repetitions, and personifications. It highlights the stylistic and syntactic devices in the work that establish its unique rhythm, amplifying its impact on the reader. In examining the novella’s themes and genre-specific features, the study identifies a blend of naturalism and realism, with the central theme – a cri-sis of faith and morality in a priest – revealed through a richly expressive psychological analysis of the character. Thus, existential issues, rather than religious ones, take precedence, while expressionism serves as a linguistic framework for conveying the work’s theme. The study concludes that the author actively employs lexical and syntactic techniques to create emotional tension, reflecting the protago-nist's spiritual crisis and isolation, making the work an example of early expressionism in Russian lit-erature.
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Afonina, O. I. "Cognitive and Discursive Features of Joe Biden’s Address to the Joint Session of the United States Congress on April 29, 2021." Uchenye Zapiski Kazanskogo Universiteta. Seriya Gumanitarnye Nauki 164, no. 5 (2022): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/2541-7738.2022.5.74-83.
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This article examines the cognitive and discursive aspects of Joe Biden’s April 2021 statement on the epidemiological situation in the United States and the American Jobs Plan. The relevance of the research stems from the need to better understand the tactics and strategies employed by politicians to influence their audiences at the times when politics plays a key role in our lives. Here, the lexical and syntactic features of U.S. President Joe Biden’s speech were considered in order to describe him as a linguistic personality. The main methods used were descriptive, contextual, and keyword analyses. A number of examples prove that Joe Biden uses very expressive linguistic devices to achieve the maximum effect on his listeners: firstly, the U.S. President was found to place particular emphasis on stylistic devices; secondly, various parenthetical elements were highlighted; thirdly, certain distinctive expressive devices were identified; finally, special attention was given to the study of the syntax of the statement. Based on the obtained results, the linguistic personality of Joe Biden within political discourse was characterized in detail. For example, he uses linguistic and pragmatic devices to influence the audience rather than to convey the message. An important generalization is that the discourse of a politician reflects social problems, and the functions of lexical means vary depending on the socio-political situation in a state.
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Popova, Olexandra, Oleg Bolgar, and Tomashevska Anastasiia. "TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES OF STYLISTIC PHENOMENA IN A TV INTERVIEWER’S SPEECH." Naukovy Visnyk of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky: Linguistic Sciences 2020, no. 31 (2020): 312–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2020-31-20.
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The work is devoted to the study of translation peculiarities of stylistic features of a TV interviewer’s English speech into Ukrainian. The correct translation of the content of a speech segment requires good knowledge of vocabulary, and the capability to recognize the stylistic features of a foreign language in communication, and the techniques used to translate them into the native language. Translation of metaphors, metonymy, comparisons is of particular difficulty for the translator, however, it is the ability to use various techniques in translation that helps the translator to convey the meaning of the statement to the listener adequately. The television interview is characterized as an independent journalistic genre, is a kind of television communication, a purposeful individual-social speech phenomenon, which consists of the organized interaction detween the speakers and finds its expression in a specific dialogically constructed form. The results of this study show that each translated stylistic unit is characterized by a set of transformations typical for it. In most cases, these transformations involve lexical and syntactic stylistic devices. At the level of vocabulary, the speech of a TV interviewer is characterized by a significant number of colloquialisms, colloquial cliches, phraseological units. At the level of syntax, the typical indicators of the conversational style of the TV nterviewer are parallel constructions, repeated requests, elliptical sentences, repetitions, unfinished phrases, and the absence of inversion in interrogative sentences. The information obtained as the result of convergence of stylistic devices as a set of components participating together with other linguistic units in the formation of expressiveness, emotiveness and evaluation is one of the important sources of the language pragmatic function.
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Numfor, Comfort. "A Stylistic Analysis of Ambanasom’s ‘Plastic Invasion’." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VII, no. IV (2023): 881–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2023.7473.
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Plastic pollution is a crucial global confrontation owing to the prevalent, and unmanageable threat it presents to humans and the environmental pressure it causes. Stylistic analysis explores numerous features of the style of a text. This article analyzes Ambanasom’s ‘Plastic Invasion’ from a stylistic perspective, paying particular attention to cohesive devices. The study examines what the author achieves by using these devices. The data for this study constitutes examples of cohesive devises drawn from Ambanasom’s ‘Plastic Invasion’. The analysis is done under lexical, grammatical and phonological cohesion. Stylistic analysis is used to explore themes through different cohesive devices and vocabulary items to understand the poem. The poem ‘Plastic Invasion’ present how Ambanasom uses language to reflect the savagery of this environmental pollutant “plastic”, by the patterns of cohesion and foregrounding in the poem. It underscores the difference between ordinary everyday languages compared to the literary language employed in poetic text. This portrays style variation and its impact on the reader. Meanwhile, the analysis of the poem also reveals how Ambanasom’s choices in different parts of the poem correspond with one another, establishing a network of successive relation. Thus, this study enhances the reader’s understanding of the different cohesive devices used in the poem.
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Zhao, Mingzhu. "The Art of Balance: A Corpus-assisted Stylistic Analysis of Woolfian Parallelism in «To the Lighthouse»." International Journal of English Studies 12, no. 2 (2012): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/ijes/2012/2/161741.
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This study has a two-fold objective: 1) to examine the density and variety of parallelism in Virginia Woolf’s landmark novel <em>To the Lighthouse</em> through a sample-based comparison between this novel and other representative modernist novels; 2) to discuss the specific lexical and syntactic structures that characterize Woolf’s parallelism. The results are extracted from a corpus-assisted reading and sampled textual analysis of her work. It shows that Woolfian parallelism is defined by an abundance of antithetical and synonymous lexical bundles, juxtaposed propositional phrases, -ing participles and appositional structures. Those structures constitute her special sentential development which is marked by the rhetoric of opposition, the rhetoric of simultaneity and progression, and the rhetoric of specificity. It is concluded that in <em>To the Lighthouse</em>, Woolf manipulates the above-mentioned linguistic resources to strike an artistic balance between poetry and prose, order and chaos, the physical reality and the mental world, and finally achieves what she calls “a feminine sentence”.
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Lebedeva, E. A. "Stylistics of American film reviews." Verba Northwest Linguistic Journal, no. 4 (2024): 33–47. https://doi.org/10.34680/verba-2024-4(14)-33-47.
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The paper aims to analyze the evaluative lexical and stylistic means of the English language used by reviewers to represent evaluation in American film reviews, and determines their role in text directive implementation. Evaluations are the result of understanding the film from the perspective of its compliance with the reviewer's own scale of values, and the reviewer decides what methods of expressing evaluativeness to use. During the analysis of linguistic means it was revealed that popular means of stylistic marking, through which evaluations are actualized, are epithets, metaphors, comparisons, allusions and irony. Most of the evaluative means are epithets. General evaluations qualify the film by the totality of its properties and, as a rule, are derived from private evaluations. The latter are focused on the most significant aspects of the film, which in this study we call objects of evaluation, namely, film characteristics, acting, characters, director’s work, screenwriter’s work. The corpus of examples shows that epithets are mainly used to express a positive evaluation in relation to all objects of evaluation stated in the study. Metaphors are in second place, then comparisons and allusions. Such techniques as irony and, in some cases, comparisons served as methods of expressing a negative evaluation. It is shown that in the considered discursive conditions, lexical and stylistic means not only express the reviewer's own attitude to a particular work, but also contribute to the formation of such in a potential viewer and reader. The conclusions note the prospects of studying the language means of updating the author's position in the genre of film review at the lexical and syntactic levels, using the classification by the type of evaluation object.
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Balla, Dr Bonaventure. "The Challenges Inherent in Poetic Translation: Lexical, Semiotic, Syntactic, and Prosodic Challenges." International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research and Studies 4, no. 6 (2024): 1337–41. https://doi.org/10.62225/2583049x.2024.4.6.3608.
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The word “poetry” stems from the Greek verb “ποιέω” “poiein” which means “to create”, not in the sense of “making ex nihilo”, but by using the powerful and priceless resources of one’s imagination. This cursory etymological background undergirds the outstanding ability for the poet and poetry to conceive a unique art made up of special techniques, stylistic devices, and coin special words and constructions to express the ineffable by thinking outside the box. It follows that poetry can be conceived as a special genre that utilizes an eminently creative language to express a particular vision of the world to sublimate nature. That is precisely why scholars consider it a metalanguage, that is, a language formalized from and beyond the ordinary language (“meta” means “beyond”, “above”, “on the other side”) used as a heuristic prop/stepping-stone for such formalization. Then, linguists subsequently formalize it as well. Therefore, poetry as a meta-language, is designed in such a way that it factually superimposes two types of language: The common language and, at a higher level, a formal language. All these considerations attest to the fact that poetry is such a highly sophisticated art that it becomes very challenging to translate. As a matter of fact, one can translate a prose text from one language to another. However, it can be very difficult to do likewise with a poetic text. Therefore, the goal of this paper is to reflect on the appropriate strategy or approach that can be utilized to translate poetry.
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Dunieva, O. I. "Characters’ postironic self-reflection through new sincerity principles: a case study of Donal Ryan’s novel “The Spinning Heart”." MESSENGER of Kyiv National Linguistic University. Series Philology 27, no. 1 (2024): 90–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.32589/2311-0821.1.2024.309608.
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This research focuses on the characteristic features of ideological and artistic trends of metamodern fiction and its stylistic features. One of the defined features of the contemporary state of literature is postirony, which is pervasive. Taking into account the ability of postirony to penetrate all spheres of matamodern society and literature in particular, the phenomenon should be considered as a transcultural concept. In the context of our research, we clarify the ontology of the concept “postirony” and its direct influence on metamodern literature. Another significant highlighted artistic trend is New Sincerity,which marks the shift from postmodernism to metamodernism. Therefore, the article identifies a number of New Sincerity principles that determine its relationship with irony, manifesting the emergence of metamodern postirony. The principle focus of the study is the stylistic realisation of postironic self-reflection through the defined principles of New Sincerity. The methodological section outlines the stylistic features of postironic portrayal of the characters through the principles of New Sincerity in the novel “The Spinning Heart” by contemporary Irish writer Donal Ryan. The stylistic analysis of the postironic selfreflection of the characters in the author’s metamodern narrative based on the principles of New Sincerity and considering stylistic devices at different language levels (lexical and syntactic), shows their undeniable influence on the readers’ understanding of the author’s postironic and sincere narrative. This analysis demonstrates the author’s refusal to use irony in depicting fictional reality, fostering a serious attitude of the reader.
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Alekseeva, Tat’yana E., and Larisa N. Fedoseeva. "The Image of Woman in English Proverbs: A Stylistic Analysis." Vestnik of Northern (Arctic) Federal University. Series Humanitarian and Social Sciences, no. 5 (November 15, 2021): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/2687-1505-v127.
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This article deals with the English proverbs containing the concept of woman. The aim of the research was to analyse the means of expression used to portray the woman in her various social roles, to describe her personal traits and to reveal the attitude towards women in the society. The novelty of this paper lies in systematizing the stylistic devices used in proverbs about women and discovering a device that has not been included in the existing classifications of expressive means. In the course of the research, the authors selected English proverbs with the lexeme woman and analysed them from the point of view of stylistics. The fact that such proverbs are highly numerous indicates the importance of gender relations in a society, while their subject matter demonstrates an arrogant and often dismissive attitude towards women in a world dominated by men. The stylistic analysis found metaphor, simile and epithet to be the most productive lexical devices in creating a negative image of women, while parallelism, antithesis and repetition seem to be the most frequent syntactic devices serving to emphasize the connotations of the proverbs. Irony and paradox render the sarcastic, condescending attitude towards women; this function is also performed by intentionally illogical sequences of homogeneous parts of the sentence, when women are placed on a par with animals, inanimate objects, and the elements (the stylistic device for the first time described by the authors). It should be noted that the characteristic features of proverbs as a genre of folk art, i.e. rhythmic, intonational, and phonetic, are inherent in English proverbs about women as well. The material obtained can be used in linguistics courses at universities.
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Morozova, Ekaterina N. "Stylistic text characteristics of Mari folk fairy tales." Finno-Ugric World 14, no. 1 (2022): 44–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15507/2076-2577.014.2022.01.44-57.
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Introduction. The relevance of the article is determined by the need to identify and describe the stylistic characteristics of the texts of folklore genres, as well as revealing the composition of the identified expressive means and figurative techniques of the Mari language. With a modern interest to the spiritual heritage of nations, the development of philological sciences, an analysis of the stylistic characteristics of the texts of Mari fairy tales can provide a more complete picture of the language and style of Mari folklore, which is an integral part of the system of functional styles of the Mari language. The article presents new data on the systemic nature of stylistic devices in the texts of folk tales. Materials and Methods. The empirical material is presented by 133 Mari folk fairy tales borrowed from various sources and considered from the stylistics within the framework of the theory of systems using a combination of general scientific (analysis and synthesis) and specific stylistic (semantic-stylistic, stylistic interpretation of the text) methods. Results and Discussion. The identified and described set of expressive and figurative means testifies to the wide variety of the components of folklore functional style, which is part of the system of styles of the Mari language. The algorithm for studying expressive means and figurative techniques in the texts of fairy tales presented in the article makes it possible to use the theoretical basis and methodological base in the study of texts of other folklore genres that belong not only to the Mari linguistic culture. Conclusion. The relevance and significance of the research is determined by the tasks set in it resulting in definition of new data on the systemic nature and components of the style of folk fairy tales. The main part of the system of stylistic devices is made up of expressive techniques of the phonological and syntactic levels of texts, supplemented by techniques of the morphological and lexical levels.
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Wu, JinLiang. "A Corpus-Based Multidimensional Analysis of Linguistic Features between Human-Authored and ChatGPT-Generated Compositions." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 8, no. 5 (2025): 102–10. https://doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2025.8.5.10.
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This study presents a corpus-based multidimensional comparative analysis of linguistic features in human-authored and ChatGPT-generated English compositions, with a focus on four core dimensions: lexical difficulty, syntactic complexity, textual cohesion, and error patterns. A total of 120 compositions were analyzed—60 produced by ChatGPT-4 and 60 authored by Chinese L2 English learners from the Ten-thousand English Compositions of Chinese Learners corpus—equally distributed across three educational proficiency levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Quantitative analyses indicate that human-authored compositions exhibit a progressive increase in lexical complexity aligned with educational advancement, while ChatGPT-generated texts demonstrate limited differentiation between primary and secondary levels, followed by a sharp lexical elevation at the tertiary level. This pattern suggests an algorithmic reliance on generalized discourse rather than sensitivity to developmental variation. In terms of syntactic complexity, ChatGPT consistently produces structurally uniform texts with high usage of subordinate clauses and logical subordination, whereas human writing displays greater contextual flexibility, albeit with occasional simplification. Regarding textual cohesion, ChatGPT-generated compositions—particularly at the tertiary level—rely heavily on overt logical connectors and referential markers, resulting in structurally coherent but stylistically formulaic discourse. In contrast, human-authored texts, while sometimes lacking explicit cohesion markers, employ more nuanced devices such as collocations and implicit semantic links. Error analysis reveals a near absence of grammatical, lexical, and orthographic errors in ChatGPT outputs, contrasting with the relatively high error frequency in human compositions, especially at lower proficiency levels. These findings highlight ChatGPT’s strengths in producing grammatically accurate and syntactically complex texts, yet also underscore its limitations in mimicking authentic learner development and stylistic variability. The study concludes that while generative AI can serve as an effective auxiliary tool in L2 writing instruction, its pedagogical integration should be carefully calibrated to avoid undermining learners’ development of rhetorical sensitivity, authorial voice, and context-appropriate expression.
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Ajayi, Ajiwoju Johnson. "A Linguistic Stylistic Analysis of Political Commentaries on Ondo 2020 Gubernatorial Election on Online Newspapers." International Journal of Literature, Language and Linguistics 3, no. 6 (2023): 28–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ijlll-rimkgist.
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This study investigated linguistic stylistic analysis of political commentaries on Ondo 2020 gubernatorial election. The researcher selected 4 political commentaries from two online newspapers (Sun and Independent). The focus of this study was to analyze the collected data based on the objectives of the study that cover syntactic, phonological, foregrounded elements and deviant features found in the selected political commentaries. The analysis was anchored on Leech and Short’s Checklist of Linguistic and Stylistic Categories as its theoretical framework while the method was qualitative research analysis. Descriptive survey method was however employed to analyze the collected data. Hence, the findings showed that sentences in the analyzed comments are predominantly non-simple sentences with mixtures of declarative, imperative and interrogative sentences. Phonological devices such as alliteration, assonance, and consonance fully have rhythmic patterns. Also, foregrounded elements such as phonetic spelling, and dominant deployment of deviational and non-deviational foregrounding to captivate readers’ attentions are evidential. Lastly, deviant features such as morphological, grammatical and lexical deviations manifest in the analyzed comments. Thus, the manifestation of linguistic features inherent in the analyzed data is an attestation that the choice of words in the use of language is peculiar to an individual writer.
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Voskoboinyk, Valentyna, and Nataliia Sukhachova. "Metaphor as a means of influencing the adressee (based on English advertising texts)." Linguistics, no. 1 (47) (2023): 96–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/2227-2631-2023-1-47-96-107.
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The article considers the functions of metaphor as a stylistic device for influencing the addressee of English advertising texts. The object of the research is English advertising texts. An advertising text is a verbal imprint of speech and thought activity fixed in the form of a sign, which is united thematically, structurally and communicatively. An advertising text focuses on achieving commercial goals through direct communicative influence on the target audience. Metaphor is a powerful tool of influencing the addressee. Metaphors used in English advertising texts can be classified according to their meaning and functions. By meaning, the following lexico-semantic groups of metaphors have been identified: metaphors with the meaning of natural phenomena, names of precious metals, the beginning and end of activity, struggle, transport, organism, as well as "family", "building", "royal", "sensory", "magic" and abstract metaphors. According to their functions, metaphors have been divided into those that inspire trust of the consumers, promise something or force them to try it. In English advertising texts, metaphor is often used in combination with other stylistic devices: phonetic, lexical and syntactic ones. Metaphors can create a certain image of the product for the addressee.
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Abbas, Nawal Fadhil. "A Stylistic Study of Cohesion in Relation to Narrative Techniques in Religious Discourse." Journal of the College of Education for Women 31, no. 1 (2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.36231/coedw.v31i1.1343.
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Cohesion is well known as the study of the relationships, whether grammatical and/or lexical, between the different elements of a particular text by the use of what are commonly called 'cohesive devices'. These devices bring connectivity and bind a text together. Besides, the nature and the amount of such cohesive devices usually affect the understanding of that text in the sense of making it easier to comprehend. The present study is intendedto examine the use of grammatical cohesive devicesin relation to narrative techniques. The story of Joseph from the Holy Quran has been selected to be examined by using Halliday and Hasan's Model of Cohesion (1976, 1989). The aim of the study is to comparatively examine to what extent the types of grammatical cohesive devices and their frequencies and densities are affected by thetechniques of narration, namely, internal and external or as commonly known as conversational and narrative. The researcher has come into the conclusion that the grammatical cohesive devices form one third of the story and accordingly, they affect the structure and interpretation of the text. Moreover, thegrammatical cohesive devices are more frequent in the conversational part when compared to the narrative part. It is also concluded that the endophoric reference is the dominant category in the conversational and narrative parts of the story, unlike the exophoric that can be identified only in relation to the background knowledge of the outside situation.
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Рій, Мирослава. "THE GENRE OF “LAW”: SYNTAX PARAMETERS (BASED ON THE CIVIL AND CRIMINAL CODES OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY)." Inozenma Philologia, no. 136 (December 10, 2023): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/fpl.2023.136.4201.
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Laws are classifi ed as texts of offi cial business style, which is used in the fi eld of offi cial public relations. Within the framework of the offi cial business style, the communicative infl uence on the participants of communication is carried out in a directive form with the help of regulatory documents – laws, prescriptions, instructions, regulations, etc. The general features that defi ne the offi cial business style are stylistic neutrality, impersonality, concreteness and objectivity. Regardless of the specifi c genre, they are all characterized by a high frequency of professional terminology, brevity and standardization of the presentation and structuring of the material. The syntactic organization of the genre of “law” in German is analyzed based on the material of the Civil and Criminal Codes of the Federal Republic of Germany. It has been confi rmed that this speech genre belongs to the offi cial-business style with typical features of a generalized representation of events, an instructional-informative type of text, a neutral presentation and a specifi c language design. The offi cialbusiness- style is characterized by saturation with professional terminology, brevity of the presentation, standardized form and structuring of the material. A genre is defi ned as a thematically, compositionally, and stylistically established type of messages, united by a number of characteristic repetitive features. The law as a genre is characterized by a set of linguistic and non-linguistic features that are reproduced and repeated in the laws of various types of German law. This concerns the structuring of the text of the law, the repertoire of specifi c designations – articles, paragraphs, paragraphs and sentences, fonts, as well as purely linguistic representation at the lexical and syntactic levels and the specifi city of stylistic devices. Typical syntactic features of the text of German laws are the presence of a large number of verbs, substantives, prepositional groups, modal verbs (können, dürfen, sollen), passive constructions, etc. These linguistic units contribute to the condensation of the text and allow avoiding complex sentences, and clearly convey the modality of permission or prohibition. Other structural features of laws are the productive use of anaphora, defi nitions, and syntactic parallelism, which form a special architecture of the “law” genre and distinguish it from related genres of legal discourse. Possible further research is the analysis of the lexical features of the genre of “law”. Key words: law, genre, offi cial-business functional style, German language, syntax.
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Chaikovska, Uliana. "The concept of redundancy in language and in a complex multi-component sentence." IVAN OHIIENKO AND CONTEMPORARY SCIENCE AND EDUCATION 20 (December 25, 2023): 133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.32626/2309-7086.2023-20.133-139.
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The article examines lexical, grammatical and stylistic manifestations of excess in modern Ukrainian artistic discourse. A defi nition of the phenomenon of redundancy, in-cluding their lexical, grammatical and stylistic types, is proposed. The specifi cs of their application at the level of a complex multi-component sentence are outlined. Excessive el-ements are used to emphasize the statement and have a pragmatic eff ect on the addressee.The theoretical apparatus discussed in the article allows us to diff erentiate pleonasm as an excess of means that serves to convey the lexical or grammatical content of an utterance, manifests itself in repetition, synonymous duplication of lexemes or grammatical forms, as well as in too verbose conveying of content. The concept of tautology, which is tangential to the defi nition of pleonasm, is interpreted as a stylistic fi gure aimed at strengthening a phenomenon or sign. The basis of this technique is the repeated designation of what was said earlier in a diff erent form. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the use of repetitions in the text or partial duplication of content improves the style and gives the statement clarity and specifi cation. On the basis of the descriptive method used in the work, it was established that repeated words demonstrate the gradation of feelings, understandings and depth of experi-ences. In order to increase the impact on the perception of the text, to give it greater drama and expressiveness, modern writers widely use anaphora, or monologue. In addition, artistic texts are not devoid of such a stylistic fi gure as polysyndeton, or multiple conjunction, which is a means of demonstrating solemnity, expressing and enhancing lyricism and showing the author’s thoughts. At the time, the authors consciously used the analyzed technique, which, in our opinion, is fully justifi ed and motivated.The analysis of the given examples proved: despite the possibility of avoiding repetitions, the authors consciously use fi gures of excess, which are fully justifi ed and motivated. They are a means of artistic expressiveness of current events and the au-thor’s objective attitude to the world; contribute to revealing the nature of inner feel-ings; enrich the text with expression, as well as clarify what was said, intensify signs and actualize the actions presented in the text and at the syntactic level manifested in various types of complex multi-component sentences.