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Journal articles on the topic 'Wheat Australia Quality'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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1

Bekes, F., W. Ma, and K. Gale. "QTL analysis of wheat quality traits." Acta Agronomica Hungarica 50, no. 3 (September 1, 2002): 249–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aagr.50.2002.3.3.

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This paper aims to give an overview on the different aspects of QTL analysis of quality traits of wheat through the brief introduction of molecular genetics, cereal chemistry and the statistical methods developed and applied recently in this area. Some examples are also provided, based on the author's research activity carried out in the National Wheat Molecular Marker Program (NWMMP) established in Australia in 1996.

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2

McDonald, GK. "The contribution of nitrogen fertiliser to the nitrogen nutrition of rainfed wheat crops in Australia: a review." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 29, no. 3 (1989): 455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9890455.

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Very little nitrogen (N) fertiliser is applied to wheat crops in Australia. Currently, about 105 t of N fertiliser (less than 20% of Australia's total consumption) are used annually at an average rate of 2-3 kg Nha. This scant use of N fertiliser over much of the Australian wheat belt N is because the N derived from a legume-dominant pasture ley is thought to provide a wheat crop's N requirement. However, trends in the grain protein content of Australian wheat and some other indices of soil fertility suggest that legume-based pastures have not always been able to supply all the N required for

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3

Lever, T., A. Kelly, J. De Faveri, D. Martin, J. Sheppard, K. Quail, and D. Miskelly. "Australian wheat for the sponge and dough bread making process." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 56, no. 10 (2005): 1049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar05113.

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This work investigates the suitability of Australian wheats for the sponge and dough bread market, and determines the wheat quality attributes most important for large loaf volume. A group of 30 genotypes was selected for quality testing and baking using a purpose-developed sponge and dough test baking method. Genotypes were grown at 2 sites in Queensland during winter of 2001 and 2002, and then grain from the field trials was tested in the laboratory. The traits measured included grain, flour, and dough quality, along with loaf volume as the main trait of interest. Glutenin alleles and Wx-B1

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4

Humphries, A. W., R. A. Latta, G. C. Auricht, and W. D. Bellotti. "Over-cropping lucerne with wheat: effect of lucerne winter activity on total plant production and water use of the mixture, and wheat yield and quality." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 55, no. 8 (2004): 839. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar03250.

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Two field experiments in southern Australia investigated a farming system of over-cropping wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) into established lucerne (Medicago sativa subsp. L.) varieties of different winter activity ratings. The study was completed at Roseworthy, South Australia, and Katanning, Western Australia, between August 2000 and May 2003 in seasons receiving below average and average rainfall. Comparative lucerne persistence and biomass, wheat biomass, grain yield and protein contents, and soil water contents were measured. Wheat grain yield was reduced by 13–63% by over-cropping lucerne c

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5

Williams, R. M., L. O'Brien, H. A. Eagles, V. A. Solah, and V. Jayasena. "The influences of genotype, environment, and genotype×environment interaction on wheat quality." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 59, no. 2 (2008): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar07185.

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Knowledge of the relative contributions of genotype (G), environment (E), and genotype and environment interaction (G × E) effects on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) quality leads to more effective selection in breeding programs and segregation of more uniform parcels of grain better suited to the needs of customers. Their effects on wheat quality were reviewed using papers obtained from 4 major international databases. The literature is dominated by research from North America, with lesser contributions from Europe, Australia, and the rest of the world. Use of analysis of variance to partition s

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6

Eagles, H. A., Karen Cane, R. F. Eastwood, G. J. Hollamby, Haydn Kuchel, P. J. Martin, and G. B. Cornish. "Contributions of glutenin and puroindoline genes to grain quality traits in southern Australian wheat breeding programs." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 57, no. 2 (2006): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar05242.

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Glutenin genes were known to influence maximum dough resistance (Rmax), dough extensibility (extensibility), and dough development time, whereas puroindoline genes were known to influence grain hardness, flour water absorption (water absorption), and milling yield. These are important determinants of grain quality of wheat in Australia. This study was conducted to investigate the combined effect of these genes on Rmax, extensibility, dough development time, water absorption, and milling yield in a large dataset assembled from the breeding programs based at Horsham, Victoria; Roseworthy, South

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7

Sissons, Mike, Ben Ovenden, Dante Adorada, and Andrew Milgate. "Durum wheat quality in high-input irrigation systems in south-eastern Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 65, no. 5 (2014): 411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13431.

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To extend the production base of durum wheat in Australia, field trials were conducted on seven registered durum varieties across four seasons and six sites in locations where irrigation was supplied during crop growth. The purpose was to determine if the quality of the grain produced met the requirements for good milling and pasta-making quality and to understand the genotype, environment and their interaction in affecting yield and technological quality of the grain and derived pasta. High grain yields and grain protein were obtained, producing large grain weights, low screenings and low per

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8

Korte, Chris J., Patrick Wilson, Brian Kearns, Glenn J. Fitzgerald, Joe F. Panozzo, Cassandra K. Walker, Brendan Christy, et al. "Potential impact of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide and climate change on Victorian wheat marketing grades and value." Crop and Pasture Science 70, no. 11 (2019): 926. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp19155.

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The potential impact of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) and future climate predicted for 2050 on wheat marketing grades and grain value was evaluated for Victoria, Australia. This evaluation was based on measured grain yield and quality from the Australian Grains FACE program and commercial grain delivery data from Victoria for five seasons (2009–13). Extrapolation of relationships derived from field experimentation under elevated [CO2] to the Victorian wheat crop indicated that 34% of grain would be downgraded by one marketing grade (range 1–62% depending on season a

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9

Hunt, James R. "Winter wheat cultivars in Australian farming systems: a review." Crop and Pasture Science 68, no. 6 (2017): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp17173.

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Winter wheat cultivars are defined as those that have an obligate vernalisation requirement that must be met before they will progress from the vegetative to reproductive phase of development i.e. they must experience a true winter before they will flower. Historically, very little breeding effort has been applied to the selection of winter cultivars suited to southern Australia, with the notable exception of the New South Wales Agriculture breeding program based in Wagga and Temora that ran from the 1960s until 2002. A shift by growers to earlier sowing, increased usage of dual-purpose cereal

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10

Choct, M., R. J. Hughes, and G. Annison. "Apparent metabolisable energy and chemical composition of Australian wheat in relation to environmental factors." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 50, no. 4 (1999): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a98155.

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A total of 81 wheats collected from New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Queensland, and Western Australia over 3 harvests were assayed for apparent metabolisable energy (AME) in broiler chickens. The non-starch polysaccharides (soluble and insoluble) and their individual sugar components, starch, and protein were also determined. The nutritive quality of wheat varied significantly (P < 0.01), especially at time of harvest, with approximately 40% having an average AME value <13 MJ/kg dry matter. The low-AME wheats usually caused copious quantities of watery and sticky droppings. T

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11

EGLEZOS, SOFRONI. "Microbiological Quality of Wheat Grain and Flour from Two Mills in Queensland, Australia." Journal of Food Protection 73, no. 8 (August 1, 2010): 1533–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-73.8.1533.

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A baseline investigation of the microbiological quality of wheat grain and flour from two mills in Queensland, Australia, was undertaken in order to assess the capacity of these two mills to meet microbiological criteria specified by a customer for raw, non–heat-treated flour. This baseline testing was performed over the 2006 to 2007 wheat season. Three hundred fifty flour samples were monitored for yeast, mold, and Bacillus cereus, 300 for Escherichia coli, 150 for Salmonella, and 100 for aerobic plate count. Fifty grain samples were analyzed for yeast, mold, E. coli, Salmonella, and B. cereu

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12

Wellings, C. R. "Puccinia striiformis in Australia: a review of the incursion, evolution, and adaptation of stripe rust in the period 1979 - 2006." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 58, no. 6 (2007): 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar07130.

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The wheat stripe rust pathogen (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici; Pst) was first detected in Australia in 1979. The features of the initial pathotype suggested that it was of European origin, and later work provided evidence that it was most likely transmitted as adherent spores on travellers’ clothing. Despite long-held views that this cool temperature pathogen would not adapt to Australian conditions, Pst became endemic and progressively adapted to commercial wheat production through step-wise mutation. Several of these mutant pathotypes became frequent in the Pst population, causing wide

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13

Wrigley, CW. "Developing better strategies to improve grain quality for wheat." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 45, no. 1 (1994): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9940001.

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There are opportunities to improve the quality and-market value of wheat grain at all stages of production, storage and transport. An essential pre-requisite is a thorough knowledge of market requirements, both for the coming crop season and well into the future in the case of breeding programs and research planning. Elucidation of the molecular basis of grain quality is an important part of the overall strategy of quality improvement. The outcome expected from such studies will be the identification of key chemical components that can serve as markers for specific aspects of grain quality. Th

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14

McMullen, K. G., and J. M. Virgona. "Dry matter production and grain yield from grazed wheat in southern New South Wales." Animal Production Science 49, no. 10 (2009): 769. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an09055.

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In southern New South Wales, Australia, grazing wheat during the vegetative and early reproductive growth stages (typically during winter) can provide a valuable contribution of high quality feed during a period of low pasture growth. This paper reports results from a series of experiments investigating the agronomic management of grazed wheats in southern NSW. The effect of sowing date and grazing on dry matter production and subsequent grain yield of a range of wheat cultivars was measured in five experiments in 2004 and 2005. In all experiments, results were compared with ungrazed spring wh

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15

Boer, R., DJ Fletcher, and LC Campbell. "Rainfall patterns in a major wheat-growing region of Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 44, no. 4 (1993): 609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9930609.

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Rainfall is an important variable in the wheat production areas of Australia. This analysis examines, firstly, the pattern of rainfall over 2.3 million ha of a high-quality wheat-producing region, and secondly, develops regression equations for rainfall prediction over this region. Most of the variation in rainfall pattern across the region is accounted for by differences in October-to-March (summer) rainfall and in April-to-September (winter) rainfall. The summer rainfall differences account for over two thirds of the variation. Based on these two rainfall periods, a partitioning of the study

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16

Skerritt, J. H., R. H. Heywood, F. Ellison, S. J. Kammholz, and H. M. Allen. "Interchangeability of genotypes and growth locations for high-quality, high-protein wheat production in Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 54, no. 10 (2003): 987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar01205.

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The aim of this study was to assess whether the recent finding that 4 Prime Hard wheat varieties grown at southern sites provided flour of comparable quality with that from northern sites is likely to be generally applicable to other varieties, as this is especially important as new varieties are developed. The grain, dough processing, and baking properties of samples from 4 sets of lines, each grown over 2 seasons at 2 northern and 2 southern sites, was assessed. The samples included 2 sets of doubled haploid lines (one derived from Hartog × Klasic, differing only at Glu-A3, and the other Har

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17

Liu, CY, and AJ Rathjen. "Association of high and low molecular weight glutenin subunits with dough strength in durum wheats (Triticum turgidum ssp. turgidum L. conv. durum (Desf.)) in southern Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 36, no. 4 (1996): 451. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9960451.

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A large set of durum wheat lines (79 including 8 advanced Australian breeding lines) randomly collected from 11 countries and 11 bread wheat cultivars were grown in replicated trials at 2 field locations to compare yield and gluten quality. Gluten strength, as measured by the sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-sedimentation (SDSS) test, varied considerably among the durum lines and was associated with the presence of specific glutenins. Unlike some previous reports, the present study showed that durum wheat cultivars having the high molecular weight (HMW) glutenin subunits coded by Glu-B1 genes such

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18

McIntosh, R. A. "From Farrer to the Australian Cereal Rust Control Program." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 58, no. 6 (2007): 550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar07148.

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Australia has a proud history in the development of rust-resistant wheat, a history that has evolved with the development of knowledge of host–pathogen genetics and the continuing transition of plant breeding from an art to science. William Farrer, who migrated to Australia to relieve his problem of tuberculosis, witnessed rust problems on farmers’ fields and addressed the problem as a private individual. Before the rediscovery of Mendel’s principles of inheritance he, like contemporaries in other countries, appreciated that variability was present and was inherited such that different traits

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19

Anwar, M. R., D. Rodriguez, D. L. Liu, S. Power, and G. J. O'Leary. "Quality and potential utility of ENSO-based forecasts of spring rainfall and wheat yield in south-eastern Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 59, no. 2 (2008): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar07061.

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Reliable seasonal climate forecasts are needed to aid tactical crop management decisions in south-eastern Australia (SEA). In this study we assessed the quality of two existing forecasting systems, i.e. the five phases of the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) and a three phase Pacific Ocean sea-surface temperatures (SSTs), to predict spring rainfall (i.e. rainfall from 1 September to 31 November), and simulated wheat yield. The quality of the forecasts was evaluated by analysing four attributes of their performance: their reliability, the relative degree of shift and dispersion of the distribut

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20

Kirkland, Lisa S., Elia I. Pirtle, and Paul A. Umina. "Responses of the Russian wheat aphid (Diuraphis noxia) and bird cherry oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi) to insecticide seed treatments in wheat." Crop and Pasture Science 69, no. 10 (2018): 966. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp18266.

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Aphids are economically important pests of cereal crops globally. They feed on the sap of plants, which can directly reduce yield and grain quality. Many species are also proficient at transmitting important plant viruses. Two of the world’s most damaging cereal aphids are the Russian wheat aphid (Diuraphis noxia) and bird cherry oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi). These species are present in all major grain-growing regions worldwide, with D. noxia recently invading Australia. In many countries, including Australia, chemicals are an important control option. Insecticide seed-dressings, in particu

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21

Desmarchelier, JM, and T. Ghaly. "Effects of raising the receival moisture content on the storability of Australian wheat." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 33, no. 7 (1993): 909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9930909.

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The receival moisture content of wheat was raised experimentally from 12 to 13% (w/w, wet basis) at sites near Cowra and Forbes (New South Wales) and Port Giles (South Australia) that were fitted with cooling (aeration), during the 1989-90 and 1990-91 seasons. At Cowra and Forbes, no wheat was received above 12% moisture content. At Port Giles, large quantities of wheat were received in the range 12.1-13.0% moisture content, reaching a maximum of 56% of receivals in 1 bin. However, the average moisture content in each bin did not exceed 12.0% and changed, on average, only 0.01% during aerated

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22

Anderson, W. K., M. A. Hamza, D. L. Sharma, M. F. D'Antuono, F. C. Hoyle, N. Hill, B. J. Shackley, M. Amjad, and C. Zaicou-Kunesch. "The role of management in yield improvement of the wheat crop—a review with special emphasis on Western Australia." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 56, no. 11 (2005): 1137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar05077.

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Modern bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) has been well adapted for survival and production in water-limited environments since it was first domesticated in the Mediterranean basin at least 8000 years ago. Adaptation to various environments has been assisted through selection and cross-breeding for traits that contribute to high and stable yield since that time. Improvements in crop management aimed at improving yield and grain quality probably developed more slowly but the rate of change has accelerated in recent decades. Many studies have shown that the contribution to increased yield from impr

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23

Anderson, WK, and WR Smith. "Increasing wheat yields in a high rainfall area of Western Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 30, no. 5 (1990): 607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9900607.

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Average commercial wheat yields in the southern, high rainfall area of Western Australia have seldom exceeded 1.5 t/ha and wheat is not widely grown. However, the average annual rainfall and length of growing season (>400 mm and >6 months) are conducive to much larger yields. Thirteen factorial experiments with mid and long season cultivars (Aroona and Osprey), 2 levels of applied nitrogen (N) (40 and 80 kg N/ha), 2 seed rates (50 and 100 kg/ha) and with or without fungicide were conducted at 8 sites over 2 seasons. The experiment was done to investigate combinations of cultivar and agro

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24

Bracho-Mujica, G., P. T. Hayman, V. O. Sadras, and B. Ostendorf. "A method for simulating risk profiles of wheat yield in data-sparse conditions." Journal of Agricultural Science 158, no. 10 (December 2020): 833–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859621000253.

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AbstractProcess-based crop models are a robust approach to assess climate impacts on crop productivity and long-term viability of cropping systems. However, these models require high-quality climate data that cannot always be met. To overcome this issue, the current research tested a simple method for scaling daily data and extrapolating long-term risk profiles of modelled crop yields. An extreme situation was tested, in which high-quality weather data was only available at one single location (reference site: Snowtown, South Australia, 33.78°S, 138.21°E), and limited weather data was availabl

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25

Borghi, B., M. Corbellini, M. Ciaffi, D. Lafiandra, Ede Stefanis, D. Sgrulletta, G. Boggini, Ndi Fonzo, Stefanis E. De, and Fonzo N. Di. "Effect of heat shock during grain filling on grain quality of bread and durum wheats." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 46, no. 7 (1995): 1365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9951365.

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In southern Europe the Mediterranean climate is responsible for the remarkable variability in both yield and quality from year to year and also from location to location, but it offers also a unique opportunity for the production of high-quality wheats which are deficient in the European Economic Community. This study was conducted to determine the role of the fluctuation of temperatures during grain filling on the rheological properties of bread and durum wheats (Triticum aestivum and Triticum turgidum) as evaluated with a Chopin alveograph. During the 1991-92 season, four cultivars of bread

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26

Richards, R. A., J. R. Hunt, J. A. Kirkegaard, and J. B. Passioura. "Yield improvement and adaptation of wheat to water-limited environments in Australia—a case study." Crop and Pasture Science 65, no. 7 (2014): 676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13426.

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The improvement in grain yield of wheat throughout Australia through both breeding and management has been impressive. Averaged across all farms, there has been an approximate doubling of yield per unit area since ~1940. This has occurred across a broad range of environments with different rainfall patterns. Interestingly, the gain in the driest years (9 kg ha–1 year–1 or 0.81% year–1) has been proportionally greater than in the most favourable years (13.2 kg ha–1 year–1 or 0.61% per year) when expressed as yield relative to 2012. These data from all farms suggest that further yield progress i

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27

Turuspekov, Yerlan, Joerg Plieske, Martin Ganal, Eduard Akhunov, and Saule Abugalieva. "Phylogenetic analysis of wheat cultivars in Kazakhstan based on the wheat 90 K single nucleotide polymorphism array." Plant Genetic Resources 15, no. 1 (July 30, 2015): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262115000325.

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The recent introduction of Illumina single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays is an important step towards comprehensive genome-wide studies of genetic diversity in wheat. In this study, 90 cultivars of hexaploid spring wheat growing in Kazakhstan were genotyped using the high-density wheat 90 K Illumina SNP array. The analysis allowed the identification of 30,288 polymorphic SNPs. A subset of 3541 high-quality SNPs were used for a comparison of 690 wheat accessions representing landraces and varieties, including those from Asia, Australia, Canada, Europe, Kazakhstan, USA and other parts of

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28

French, R. J., R. S. Malik, and M. Seymour. "Crop-sequence effects on productivity in a wheat-based cropping system at Wongan Hills, Western Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 66, no. 6 (2015): 580. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp14262.

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Western Australian grain production is dominated by wheat, but growing wheat continually in unbroken sequences leads to increasing problems with soil nutrient depletion, root and leaf disease build-up, high weed burdens, and possibly other less well-defined production constraints. These can adversely affect both production and grain quality. Including breaks in the crop sequence in the form of break crops, pasture, or fallow can reduce these problems, but these breaks can be expensive to implement, in terms of both direct cost and forgone revenue. It is therefore critical to predict the respon

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Eagles, H. A., Karen Cane, Marie Appelbee, Haydn Kuchel, R. F. Eastwood, and P. J. Martin. "The storage protein activator gene Spa-B1 and grain quality traits in southern Australian wheat breeding programs." Crop and Pasture Science 63, no. 4 (2012): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp12055.

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Grain quality is an important determinant of market value of wheat in southern Australia and in many other parts of the world. Identification of the genes that influence grain quality traits and estimation of effects of alleles of these genes can improve the effectiveness of wheat breeding. An efficient method for estimating the effects of alleles of recently discovered genes is to use mixed-model analyses in large plant breeding datasets that have already been characterised for previously known genes. We used this method to estimate the effects of two alleles of Spa-B1, a storage protein acti

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Latta, R. A. "Performance of spring cereal genotypes under defoliation on the Eyre Peninsula, South Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 66, no. 4 (2015): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp14026.

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In mixed cropping and livestock dryland farming systems in southern Australia, grazing of cereals during their vegetative growth stages (typically during winter) can provide a valuable contribution of high-quality feed during a period of low pasture growth. This paper reports results from a series of experiments investigating the impact of defoliation on the grain production of cereals in the Eyre Peninsula region of South Australia. The comparative dry matter production and grain yield of wheat, barley and oats cultivars, with and without defoliation, at a range of growth stages were measured

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Anderson, W. K., G. B. Crosbie, and W. J. Lambe. "Production practices in Western Australia for wheats suitable for white, salted noodles." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 48, no. 1 (1997): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/a95133.

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Wheat cultivars acceptable for the Noodle wheat segregation in Western Australia were compared with cultivars suitable for the Australian Standard White (ASW) grade over the period 1989–93. Yield and grain quality responses to sowing time, nitrogen fertiliser, soil type, and cropping history were examined to determine management practices most likely to result in wheat grain suitable for the production of white, salted noodles. Thirty experiments were conducted in the 300–450 mm average annual rainfall zone between Three Springs in the north (approx. 29° 30′S) and Newdegate in the south (appro

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32

Koning, Frits. "Adverse Effects of Wheat Gluten." Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 67, Suppl. 2 (2015): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000440989.

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Man began to consume cereals approximately 10,000 years ago when hunter-gatherers settled in the fertile golden crescent in the Middle East. Gluten has been an integral part of the Western type of diet ever since, and wheat consumption is also common in the Middle East, parts of India and China as well as Australia and Africa. In fact, the food supply in the world heavily depends on the availability of cereal-based food products, with wheat being one of the largest crops in the world. Part of this is due to the unique properties of wheat gluten, which has a high nutritional value and is crucia

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Brennan, R. F., and M. D. A. Bolland. "Comparing the nitrogen and phosphorus requirements of canola and wheat for grain yield and quality." Crop and Pasture Science 60, no. 6 (2009): 566. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp08401.

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Canola (oilseed rape, Brassica napus L.) is now grown in rotation with spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) on the predominantly sandy soils of south-western Australia. For both crop species, fertiliser nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) need to be applied for profitable grain production. The fertiliser N requirements have been determined separately for canola or wheat when adequate P was applied. By contrast, the fertiliser P requirements of the 2 species have been compared in the same experiment when adequate N was applied and showed that canola consistently required ~25–60% less P than wheat to

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Chan, K. Y., and D. P. Heenan. "Earthworm population dynamics under conservation tillage systems in south-eastern Australia." Soil Research 44, no. 4 (2006): 425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr05144.

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Changes in earthworm abundance, biomass, and diversity were monitored under a range of tillage and stubble management practices in a wheat/alternative crop rotation over 5 years on a Sodosol (Alfisol) in southern New South Wales, Australia. There were 3 tillage and 2 stubble management practices in a completely randomised block design with 3 replications. The 3 tillage treatments were no-tillage (NT), 1 tillage pass (1T), and 3 tillage passes (3T). Stubble management practices were stubble retained (sr) and stubble burnt (sb). Positive responses of earthworm abundance and biomass to stubble re

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Bason, ML, S. Zounis, JA Ronalds, and CW Wrigley. "Segregating red and white wheat visually and with a tristimulus colour meter." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 46, no. 1 (1995): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar9950089.

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With red-grained wheat now being grown in Australia in some places, there is a need to segregate it from white grain at the silo to avoid loss of milling and end-use quality. The Minolta tristimulus colour meter and visual inspection have been assessed as possible means to facilitate this segregation. Using only reflected light for sample illumination, 86% of a restricted sample set were correctly classified visually, and 95% of all samples using the Minolta meter. These values were increased to up to 99% in both cases by additionally using transmitted light to illuminate the samples. Thus bot

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Hulugalle, N. R., P. C. Entwistle, F. Scott, and J. Kahl. "Rotation crops for irrigated cotton in a medium-fine, self-mulching, grey Vertosol." Soil Research 39, no. 2 (2001): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr00035.

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Many cotton growers sow rotation crops after irrigated cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), assuming that they will improve soil quality and maintain profitability of cotton. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most common rotation crop, although more recently, legumes such as faba bean (Vicia Faba L.) and chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) have come into favour. This paper reports data on soil quality (organic C, nitrate-N, soil structure), yield (cotton lint and rotation crop grain yield, fibre quality), economic returns (gross margins/ha, gross margins/ML irrigation water), and management constraints

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Newell, Matthew T., and Richard C. Hayes. "An initial investigation of forage production and feed quality of perennial wheat derivatives." Crop and Pasture Science 68, no. 12 (2017): 1141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp16405.

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Perennial cereals may offer a novel forage source in mixed farming enterprises while improving the sustainability of grain farming. There has been limited analysis of the quality of this forage type and its likely value to mixed grazing/cropping farming systems. This study evaluated the biomass and grain production of four wheat × wheatgrass hybrid experimental lines under four simulated grazing regimes; nil defoliation (grain only; D0), defoliate once (D1), defoliate twice (D2) and defoliate twice followed by a simulated hay cut (D3), and compared performance to a winter wheat, Wedgetail, and

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Shackley, BJ, and WK Anderson. "Responses of wheat cultivars to time of sowing in the southern wheatbelt of Western Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 35, no. 5 (1995): 579. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9950579.

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Experiments were conducted at 4 locations on an east-west transect in the 300-500 mm average annual rainfall zone in the southern wheatbelt of Western Australia, to determine whether promising crossbreds differ from existing wheat cultivars in their response to time of sowing. Nine cultivars and 2 crossbreds were examined at 3 sowing dates each year, ranging from late April to early July 1989, 1990, and 1991. Grain yield, grain quality (protein, hectolitre weight, grain weight, small grain sievings), crop development, and soil and weather variables were measured. The average decrease in grain

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Lemerle, Deirdre, David J. Luckett, Eric A. Koetz, Trent Potter, and Hanwen Wu. "Seeding rate and cultivar effects on canola (Brassica napus) competition with volunteer wheat (Triticum aestivum)." Crop and Pasture Science 67, no. 8 (2016): 857. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp16159.

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Canola (Brassica napus L.) is an important rotational crop in the temperate cropping zone of southern Australia. Herbicide-resistant weeds are rapidly spreading and reducing canola grain yield and quality. Crop competition is a useful tool for reducing weed costs and dependence on herbicides, and retarding the spread of herbicide resistance. The potential interaction of canola seeding rate and cultivar for weed management has not been quantified in Australia. A field experiment was conducted in three environments to examine the impact of two contrasting canola cultivars (a low vigour type and

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Hulugalle, N. R., and F. Scott. "A review of the changes in soil quality and profitability accomplished by sowing rotation crops after cotton in Australian Vertosols from 1970 to 2006." Soil Research 46, no. 2 (2008): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr07077.

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In agricultural systems, soil quality is thought of in terms of productive land that can maintain or increase farm profitability, as well as conserving soil resources so that future farming generations can make a living. Management practices which can modify soil quality include tillage systems and crop rotations. A major proportion of Australian cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is grown on Vertosols (~75%), of which almost 80% is irrigated. These soils have high clay contents (40–80 g/100 g) and strong shrink–swell capacities, but are frequently sodic at depth and prone to deterioration in soil

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Mares, D. J., and A. W. Campbell. "Mapping components of flour and noodle colour in Australian wheat." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 52, no. 12 (2001): 1297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar01048.

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Flour and noodle colour influence the value of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and are obvious targets for breeders seeking to improve quality, end-product range, and marketability of wheat. The objective of this investigation was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with flour and noodle colour traits and with individual components of colour. One hundred and sixty-three doubled haploid lines derived from Sunco Tasman, white-grained, prime hard, and hard wheats adapted to the north-eastern region of Australia were used for the bulk of this study and were supplemented by doubled h

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Anderson, WK, RJ French, and M. Seymour. "Yield responses of wheat and other crops to agronomic practices on duplex soils compared with other soils in Western Australia." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 32, no. 7 (1992): 963. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9920963.

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A survey of experimental results relating crop management to grain yield was conducted for wheat and other crops on duplex and non-duplex soils in the wheatbelt of Western Australia. Increases in grain yield of wheat due to improved agronomic practices on duplex soils were almost as great as on other soils. Early sowing improved yield more on duplex soils than on other soils, but the response to applied nitrogen was more variable, possibly related to the reduced efficiency of uptake of applied nitrogen. The yield advantage for a semi-dwarf cultivar (Aroona) over a tall cultivar (Garnenya) was

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Thomas, G. A., R. C. Dalal, E. J. Weston, K. J. Lehane, A. J. King, D. N. Orange, C. J. Holmes, and G. B. Wildermuth. "Pasture - crop rotations for sustainable production in a wheat and sheep-based farming system on a Vertosol in south-west Queensland, Australia." Animal Production Science 49, no. 8 (2009): 682. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07170.

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Rainfed grain production, based on winter cereals, is marginal in south-west Queensland, Australia, because of low and variable rainfall and high evapotranspiration. Also, grain yield and grain quality have decreased as soil fertility, particularly soil nitrogen supply, has declined on older cropping lands. An option for improving soil N supply is to include legume-based pastures in rotation with winter cereals. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of short-term (18 months) legume pastures (annual medics and lucerne + annual medics), and longer term (3 years) mixed grass (B

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Amjad, M., and W. K. Anderson. "Managing yield reductions from wide row spacing in wheat." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 10 (2006): 1313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea04182.

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Experiments were conducted to investigate row spacing effects on wheat yield and grain quality and the interactions between row spacing and cultivars, plant population density, nitrogen application rate, time of sowing, fertiliser placement and row spread from 2000 to 2002 in the south coast region of Western Australia. In the experiments that were conducted following pasture or lupins, wider row spacings of 240 and 360 mm consistently reduced wheat yield and increased grain protein and small grain screenings compared with a narrow row spacing of 180 mm. Average plant numbers were reduced in t

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McCormick, J. I., J. W. Paulet, L. W. Bell, M. Seymour, M. P. Ryan, and S. R. McGrath. "Dual-purpose crops: the potential to increase cattle liveweight gains in winter across southern Australia." Animal Production Science 61, no. 11 (2021): 1189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an19231.

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Context Dual-purpose wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and canola (Brassica napus L.) crops have been extensively researched for grazing in Australian farming systems, with a focus on grazing by sheep. In some regions, dual-purpose crops have been grazed by cattle, but there have been reports of animal health problems. Aims This paper sought to collate all known experiments conducted throughout Australia of cattle grazing dual-purpose crops, in order to evaluate grazing management options for cattle on dual-purpose crops that result in high growth rates and good animal health outcomes. Methods Ther

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Frischke, Alison J., James R. Hunt, Dannielle K. McMillan, and Claire J. Browne. "Forage and grain yield of grazed or defoliated spring and winter cereals in a winter-dominant, low-rainfall environment." Crop and Pasture Science 66, no. 4 (2015): 308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp14273.

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In the Mallee region of north-western Victoria, Australia, there is very little grazing of crops that are intended for grain production. The success of dual-purpose crops in other regions in south-eastern Australia with higher and more evenly distributed rainfall has driven interest in assessing the performance of dual-purpose cereals in the region. Five experiments were established in five consecutive years (2009–13) in the southern Mallee to measure the forage production and grain yield and quality response in wheat and barley to grazing by sheep or mechanical defoliation. The first three ex

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CHRISTIAN, MARY P., CHRIS GRAINGER, BRIAN J. SUTHERLAND, JEFFERY J. MAYES, MURRAY C. HANNAH, and BRUCE KEFFORD. "Managing diet quality for Cheddar cheese manufacturing milk. 1. The influence of protein and energy supplements." Journal of Dairy Research 66, no. 3 (August 1999): 341–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029999003647.

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The effects of supplementing cows' diets with protein and energy on milk composition and the composition and yield of Cheddar cheese were investigated. This research addresses the problems of seasonal reduction in the capacity of cheese curds to expel moisture as observed in parts of south-eastern Australia. Milk was collected from cows offered a basal diet of silage and hay supplemented with different sources and levels of dietary protein and energy. The protein supplements were sunflower, canola, cottonseed meal and lupin, and the energy supplements were maize grain, oats, wheat and barley.

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Nancarrow, Narelle, Mohammad Aftab, Grant Hollaway, Brendan Rodoni, and Piotr Trębicki. "Yield Losses Caused by Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus-PAV Infection in Wheat and Barley: A Three-Year Field Study in South-Eastern Australia." Microorganisms 9, no. 3 (March 19, 2021): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030645.

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Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) is transmitted by aphids and significantly reduces the yield and quality of cereals worldwide. Four experiments investigating the effects of barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (BYDV-PAV) infection on either wheat or barley were conducted over three years (2015, 2017, and 2018) under typical field conditions in South-Eastern Australia. Plants inoculated with BYDV-PAV using viruliferous aphids (Rhopalosiphum padi) were harvested at maturity then grain yield and yield components were measured. Compared to the non-inoculated control, virus infection severely reduced gra

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BALL, B., D. MEHARRY, T. L. BOTWRIGHT ACUÑA, D. L. SHARMA, M. HAMZA, and L. J. WADE. "INCREASES IN SEED DENSITY CAN IMPROVE PLANT STAND AND INCREASE SEEDLING VIGOUR FROM SMALL SEEDS OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM)." Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 3 (April 4, 2011): 445–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479710001006.

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SUMMARYEarly vigour in wheat (Triticum aestivum) is an important physiological trait to improve water-use efficiency and grain yield, especially on light soils in Mediterranean-type climates. Potential interactions for plant stand and seedling vigour between seed density and various seed quality treatments were examined for wheat grown in two experiments, conducted under controlled and field environments in Western Australia. Seed lots were graded into seed size classes and seed density fractions using saturated solutions of ammonium sulphate or sodium polytungstate. Dense seed improved plant

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Wu, Jason H. Y., Bruce Neal, Helen Trevena, Michelle Crino, Wendy Stuart-Smith, Kim Faulkner-Hogg, Jimmy Chun Yu Louie, and Elizabeth Dunford. "Are gluten-free foods healthier than non-gluten-free foods? An evaluation of supermarket products in Australia." British Journal of Nutrition 114, no. 3 (June 29, 2015): 448–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114515002056.

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Despite tremendous growth in the consumption of gluten-free (GF) foods, there is a lack of evaluation of their nutritional profile and how they compare with non-GF foods. The present study evaluated the nutritional quality of GF and non-GF foods in core food groups, and a wide range of discretionary products in Australian supermarkets. Nutritional information on the Nutrition Information Panel was systematically obtained from all packaged foods at four large supermarkets in Sydney, Australia in 2013. Food products were classified as GF if a GF declaration appeared anywhere on the product packa

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