Academic literature on the topic 'Wheat husk'
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Journal articles on the topic "Wheat husk"
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Masanja, Damas Nangi, Mgaza Somo Muya, and Patrice Nyangi. "Characteristics of Combined Rice and Wheat Husk Ashes as a Partial Replacement for Cement in Mortar." Civil Engineering Journal 8, no. 4 (April 1, 2022): 671–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2022-08-04-04.
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The potential to recycle and utilize agricultural waste as a building material has been demonstrated in a variety of applications. The goal of this study was to assess the feasibility of partially substituting combined rice and wheat husk ashes (CORWHA) for cement in mortar. The two agricultural waste ashes, rice husk and wheat husk, were evaluated separately before being combined. Both husks were burned separately in an open room to reduce volume before being cremated for 2 hours at a regulated temperature of 600 °C to eliminate carbon and generate reactivity. The chemical and physical properties of the ashes were evaluated after grinding and sieving to determine their cementitious qualities before developing and testing 12 mix proportions of CORWHA and cement for mortar production. The mixing was done at three different percentages of cement replacement: 20, 30, and 40%. According to the findings, the maximum cement replacement yielding 5.98 MPa mortar strength is 30%, with a mixed proportion of 11% wheat husk ash (WHA) and 19% rice husk ash (RHA). It was also found that 95% of RHA is silica and 1.67% is alkaline, while 63% of WHA is silica and 12.16% is alkaline, which is good for preventing porosity and corrosion of reinforcement bars. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2022-08-04-04 Full Text: PDF
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Glukhikh, Viktor, Pavel Buryndin, Artyem Artyemov, Andrei Savinovskih, Pavel Krivonogov, and Anna Krivonogova. "Plastics: physical-and-mechanical properties and biodegradable potential." Foods and Raw Materials 8, no. 1 (February 26, 2020): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2020-1-149-154.
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Introduction. Processing agricultural waste into plant biodegradable plastics is a promising way for its recycling. This work featured the main physical-and-mechanical properties of plant plastics without adhesive substances obtained from millet husk and wheat husk and wood plastic obtained from sawdust, as well as their biodegradation potential.
Study objects and methods. Objects of the study were plastics without adhesives based on wood sawdust, millet husk, and wheat husk.
Results and discussion. We analyzed of the physical-and-mechanical parameters of the plant plastic based on millet husk, wheat husk, as well as wood plastic based on sawdust. The analysis showed that, in general, the strength characteristics of the wood plastics were higher than those of the plastics based on millet husk, especially flexural strength. Thus, the average value of the density of the wood plastic exceeded that of the plant plastic from millet husk by 10%, hardness by 40%, compression elasticity modulus by 50%, and flexural modulus by 3.9 times. It was found that wood and plant plastics obtained from sawdust, millet husk, and wheat husk without adhesives had a high biodegradation potential.
Conclusion. The plastics obtained can be used as an insulating, building, and decorative material in the steppe regions experiencing a shortage of wood and wood powder.
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Singh, Kanwal Jit, Rohit Kumar, and Ramratan. "Experimental Investigation on Mechanical Properties of Wheat Husk Pulp Rein Forced Epoxy Composites." Advanced Engineering Forum 36 (June 2020): 114–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.36.114.
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The wheat husk pulp epoxy resin composites were prepared by compression Molding Method and their physical and Mechanical Properties were studied by universal testing Machine. The composites were tested by tensile strength testing and impact strength tester. The content of Wheat husk pulp is varied (35%, 45%, 55%) weight percentage whereas the epoxy resin is varied (50%, 40%, 30%) percentage is kept constant 15% in hardener. Composites have been fabricated using hand layup technique using a suitable mold developed in industry. All the sample have been tested in Universal testing machine as per ASTM standard for tensile strength and impact strength it is observed that composite with 35% wheat husk pulp is having highest tensile strength of 4mm (4.29MPa) and 8mm (6.31Mpa). The impact strength of Composite with 35% wheat husk pulp was highest than 35%to 45% wheat husk pulp.
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Singh, Rawel, Thallada Bhaskar, Sambha Dora, and Bhavya Balagurumurthy. "Catalytic hydrothermal upgradation of wheat husk." Bioresource Technology 149 (December 2013): 446–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.09.092.
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Donangelo, Carmen M., and B. O. Eggum. "Comparative effects of wheat bran and barley husk on nutrient utilization in rats." British Journal of Nutrition 54, no. 3 (November 1985): 741–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19850160.
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I. The present work with growing rats was undertaken to compare the effect of wheat bran and barley husk on nutrient bioavailability. The experiment involved a total of nine dietary treatments consisting of a control group, without wheat bran or barley husk, and two series of four groups with increasing amounts of fibre from 50 to 117 g/kg dry matter (DM) from the two fibre sources. Dietary nitrogen concentration was kept constant at 15 gN/kg DM by adjusting the diets with an N-free mixture. Protein sources were casein, fortified with methionine and white wheat flour. True protein digestibility (TD), biological value (BV), net protein utilization (NPU) and digestible energy (DE) were estimated.2. TD decreased when total dietary fibre (TDF) increased, the effect being greater in the case of wheat bran. The difference in response can be explained by the larger N contribution from bran than from barley husk. N from barley husk was actually digested less than N from wheat bran.3. Changes in TD due to fibre were small, both for wheat and barley husk. It was concluded that decreased TD with fibre at moderate levels was due to poor digestibility of the N associated with the fibre source rather than decreased digestibility of N from other dietary components.4. BV was only marginally affected by the fibre levels, indicating that the relatively high lysine content in both wheat bran and barley husk had a low availability.5. Wheat bran and barley husk showed almost the same negative effect on DE and DM digestibility (DMD). DMD correlated significantly with DE, demonstrating that DMD is a simple and convenient means of monitoring DE.
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Quintaliani, Chiara, Francesca Merli, Costanza Vittoria Fiorini, Marco Corradi, Emanuela Speranzini, and Cinzia Buratti. "Vegetal Fiber Additives in Mortars: Experimental Characterization of Thermal and Acoustic Properties." Sustainability 14, no. 3 (January 23, 2022): 1260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14031260.
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This paper investigates the influence of adding vegetal fibers on thermal and acoustic performance based on natural hydraulic lime. Mortar samples with 10% weight of vegetal fibers were fabricated adding water to obtain easily workable mortars with good consistency; their performance was compared to mortar samples without vegetal fibers. The fibers were of different types (rice husk, spelt bran, and Khorasan (turanicum) wheat chaff) and size (as-found and ground form). Thermal performance was measured with the Small Hot Box experimental apparatus. Thermal conductivity was reduced in the 1–11% range (with Khorasan wheat chaff and rice husk); no significant reduction was found with spelled bran in the mixture. When ground, fibers were characterized by both good thermal and acoustic absorption performance; a reduction of 6–22% in thermal conductivity λ was achieved with spelled bran (λ = 0.64 W/mK) and rice husks (λ = 0.53 W/mK), whereas the Khorasan wheat chaff had the highest sound absorption average index (0.38). However, the addition of fibers reduced sound insulation properties due to their low weight densities. This reduction was limited for rice husks (transmission loss value was only 2 dB lower than the reference).
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Santos, Joao, Miloud Ouadi, Hessam Jahangiri, and Andreas Hornung. "Integrated intermediate catalytic pyrolysis of wheat husk." Food and Bioproducts Processing 114 (March 2019): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fbp.2018.11.001.
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You, Young-Sun, Mi-Kyung Kim, Myung-Jong Park, and Sung-Wook Choi. "Development of Oxo-biodegradable Bio-plastics Film Using Agricultural By-product such as Corn Husk, Soybean Husk, Rice Husk and Wheat Husk." Clean Technology 20, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7464/ksct.2014.20.3.205.
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Díaz, R., and G. Díaz-Godínez. "Substrates for mushroom, enzyme and metabolites production: A review." Journal of Environmental Biology 43, no. 03 (May 2, 2022): 350–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22438/jeb/43/3/mrn-3017.
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The agri-food industry produces a large quantity and variety of foods that are the basis of diet for humans in the world, generating waste with a high content of compounds such as lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose that are difficult to degrade. There are chemical methodologies for the partial degradation of agro-industrial waste, but it carries a possibly greater risk of environmental contamination by the chemicals used for such purposes, so natural alternatives are sought for its degradation and obtain an economic and sustainable benefit for its use through mushroom cultivation. Mushroom production can be carried out using macrofungi that are edible, have medicine value also enzyme or metabolite-producing. Waste such as sunflower seed husk, peanut husk, corn husks, potato husk, coffee husk, cocoa husk, bean shell, pea shell, sawdust from different woods, cob and stubble of corn, oat stubble, tomato stubble, sorghum stubble, straw from various cereals, wheat bran, rice bran, cotton stalks, sugarcane bagasse, tequila agave waste, quinoa waste, coconut and banana wastes, dehydrated jicama, almond leaves, among others, are used as a substrate for the cultivation of mushrooms, which have been used alone or in mixtures, seeking to increase the production of carpophores or their metabolites and enzymes.
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Sanjel, Priyanka, Ram Kumar Shrestha, and Jiban Shrestha. "Performance of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) grown on different fingermillet husk substrates." Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 291–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/janr.v4i1.33370.
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Substrate type is one of the major factors affecting the growth and yield of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). Five substrates; Finger millet husk, Fingermillet husk + Molasses, Fingermillet husk + Rice bran, Fingermillet husk + Wheat bran, Fingermillet husk +Mustard oilseed cake, were evaluated for growth and productivity of oyster mushroom. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with each treatment replicated seven times. Additives were added on finger millet husk @5% of its dry weight. Standard cultivation practice was followed with steam sterilization and spawning was done in poly bags containing 2.5 kg of wet substrate. Data were collected on time taken for full spawn run, fresh mushroom yield, biological efficiency and cropping duration upto three flushes. Molasses took the least duration (16.86 days) for full spawn run which was found to be statistically at par with wheat bran(17.13 days) and rice bran(17.75 days) whereas control treatment took the longest duration (21.62 days). Rice bran produced the highest fresh mushroom yield (793.04g/bag) with highest biological efficiency (137.92%), which was statistically at par with control, molasses and wheat bran. Similarly, rice bran had least cropping duration (66.62 days) followed by control (67.88 days), molasses (69.14 days), wheat bran (70.12 days) and mustard oilseed cake (73.86 days). The lowest fresh yield (521.84 g/bag) with lowest biological efficiency (90.75%) and the longest cropping duration (73.86 days) was observed on mustard oilseed cake supplementation. This study revealed that molasses, rice bran and wheat bran accelerated spawn run whereas mustard oilseed cake supplementation produced lowest fresh mushroom yield with least biological efficiency and highest cropping duration showing that it was ineffective for increasing yield and productivity of oyster mushroom.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Wheat husk"
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Tran, Thi Phuong Thao. "Développement de biocomposites à base de Poly(Acide Lactique) et de balles céréalières : vieillissement des biocomposites et traitement de surface des balles." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20203/document.
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Les balles de céréales, à savoir l'enveloppe autour du grain, ont récemment retenu l'attention des scientifiques afin d'entrer dans la formulation de biocomposites. En effet, ces sous-produits de l'agriculture ont un coût négligeable, sont perpétuellement renouvelables et disponibles en volume important dans le Monde et leur fin de vie est assurée par leur biodégradabilité. Leurs compositions chimiques et leurs propriétés thermiques et mécaniques sont similaires à celles des fibres naturelles.Dans cette thèse, deux types de balles de riz et deux types de balles de Petit Epeautre ont été étudiées à travers leur microstructure, leur composition chimique, leurs propriétés mécaniques et thermiques. Les balles ont été incorporées dans une matrice bio-sourcée et biodégradable, à savoir le poly(acide lactique) (PLA) pour donner des biocomposites dont les propriétés d'usage ont été étudiées. Il apparaît que les balles céréalières peuvent devenir un candidat potentiel intéressant pour le renforcement du PLA moyennant une amélioration de l'adhésion à l'interface entre les balles et le PLA.Afin d'améliorer cette interface, les balles ont été traitées par une solution alcaline (NaOH) et par des agents de couplage de type organosilane (3-aminopropyltriéthoxysilane et 3- glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane). Le traitement alcalin a permis de retirer une grande partie des hémicelluloses, de la lignine, de la cire et de la silice présentes dans les balles. La dissolution de ces constituants a provoqué une plus forte hygroscopicité des balles et se traduit par de plus faibles propriétés mécaniques des biocomposites. Le couplage traitement alcalin/traitement silane semble apporter une amélioration des performances plus importantes que le traitement silane seul. Ce traitement de surface a davantage d'impact sur la balle de Petit Epeautre que sur la balle de riz.L'évolution des propriétés d'usage des biocomposites à base de balles de riz au cours de différents vieillissements (thermique, hydro-thermique, cyclages hygro-thermiques, UV) a été étudiée. Les résultats montrent que l'évolution microstructurale induite par les vieillissements influence significativement les propriétés des biocomposites. La dégradation des biocomposites se traduit par une diminution de la masse moléculaire moyenne du PLA. La réorganisation de ces macromolécules augmente sensiblement le taux de cristallinité du matériau. Ceci induit un changement de la couleur, de la stabilité dimensionnelle des pièces et des propriétés mécaniques du PLA et des biocomposites qui dépend essentiellement de la température de vieillissement par rapport à la température de transition vitreuse du PLA. Il apparaît que l'ajout de balles accélère la dégradation du PLA. Dans le cas d'un vieillissement hydro-thermique au-dessus de la température de transition vitreuse du PLA, une réduction de cette dégradation a été mise en évidence par l'utilisation de certains traitements de surface des ballesThe cereal husks, namely the envelope around the grain, have recently attracted the attention of scientists for biocomposites development, because they are low-cost, renewable, biodegradable, and available in abundant volume throughout the world. Their chemical composition and their thermal and mechanical properties are similar to the natural fibers.In this work, two types of rice husk and two types of Einkorn wheat husk were studied through their microstructure, chemical composition, mechanical and thermal properties. The husks have been incorporated into a bio-sourced and biodegradable matrix, namely poly (lactic acid) (PLA) to produce biocomposite which functional properties were studied. It appears that the husks can be good candidates for strengthening the PLA through improved adhesion at the interface between the husks and the PLA.To improve the husks/PLA interface, the husks were treated with an alkaline solution (NaOH) and organosilane coupling agents, such as 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and 3 - glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane. The alkaline treatment has removed much of hemicelluloses, lignin, wax and silica present in the husks. The dissolution of these components resulted in a higher hygroscopicity of husks and lower mechanical properties of biocomposites. The coupling between an alkaline treatment and a silane treatment seems to provide better properties than the silane treatment alone. This surface treatment has a greater impact on the Einkorn wheat husks than on rice husksThe variations of the functional properties of rice husks based biocomposites during different ageings (thermal ageing, hydro-thermal ageing, hygro-thermal cycled ageing, UV ageing) was studied. The results show that the microstructural changes induced by ageing significantly influence the properties of biocomposites. Biocomposites degradation results in a decrease of the average molecular weight of PLA. The reorganization of these macromolecules significantly increases the degree of crystallinity of the material. This causes a change in color, dimensional stability of devices and mechanical properties of PLA and biocomposites which essentially depends on the ageing temperature regards to the glass transition temperature of PLA. It appears that the addition of husks accelerates the degradation of PLA. In the case of a hydro-thermal ageing performed above the glass transition temperature of the PLA, a reduction of this degradation was demonstrated by the use of specific surface treatments of husks
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BARBIERI, VIRGINIA. "Scarti cerealicoli: una risorsa rinnovabile e sostenibile per il settore edilizio." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11380/1200735.
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Il grano è il più comune cereale impiegato in tutto il mondo. In Unione Europea, la quantità di scarto ottenuto dalla sua lavorazione è stimata a circa 10 milioni di tonnellate nel 2020. Attualmente non esiste una precisa strategia che preveda il recupero di questo sottoprodotto, il cui smaltimento, spesso incontrollato, provoca forti problemi ambientali. Recentemente, numerosi progetti finanziati dalla UE hanno evidenziato le possibilità di impiegare scarti agricoli nel settore edilizio, senza tuttavia prendere in considerazione uno dei principali sottoprodotti dalla lavorazione del grano: la lolla. Sebbene i materiali attualmente impiegati per l'isolamento termico dell'involucro edilizio abbiano prestazioni eccellenti, essi sono sintetici (polistirene estruso, polistirene espanso, schiuma di poliuretano, ecc.). Al contrario, i cosiddetti biocompositi sono eco-sostenibili. Tra questi, il più comune sul mercato è il calce-canapulo, ottenuto dalla combinazione della parte legnosa dello stelo di canapa e un legante a base di calce idrata e/o idraulica. Tale materiale ha buone proprietà di isolamento termico (0,05-0,12 W/(m*K)), eccellenti valori di Moisture Buffer e proprietà acustiche.
Un'alternativa, ai leganti a base di calce calcica, sono i cementi magnesiaci.
Il presente lavoro è finalizzato all'impiego della lolla di grano per lo sviluppo di un materiale isolante in alternativa al calce-canapulo. In tale contesto, sono state combinate le esigenze di due settori produttivi trasformando un materiale di scarto agro-industraiale in risorsa per l’edilizia. I risultati delle caratterizzazioni iniziali degli scarti di grano hanno mostrato valori di conducibilità termica (0,05 W / (mK)) e Moisture Buffer Value (2,06 g / (m2.% RH )) paragonabili al canapulo. Dunque, tale scarto è stato considerato una valida alternativa come riempitivo leggero per realizzare biocompositi. In successive indagini, il biocomposito a base di lolla e calce è stato preparato e confrontato con il canapulo-calce. Nonostante la maggiore densità apparente del primo, la porosità totale (circa 80%) e la conducibilità termica (0,09 W /(m.K)) sono simili per entrambi i biocompositi. Prestazioni meccaniche leggermente inferiori sono state riscontrate per il composito contente la lolla (~ 0,20 MPa) rispetto all’equivalente con canapulo (0,24 MPa), ciò è stato attribuito alla minore adesione riempitivo-legante. Al fine di ottenere un materiale con migliori prestazioni meccaniche, il lavoro successivo è stato dedicato allo studio di un legante alternativo caratterizzato da una migliore compatibilità con il nuovo riempitivo vegetale. In particolare, è stato studiato un cemento magnesiaco, la cui presa e indurimento si basa sull'idratazione del MgO reattivo in presenza di MgSO4 e una farina vegetale. Il risultato è una microstruttura porosa complessa composta da fasi di magnesio ossisolfato a forma di ago e idrossido di magnesio. I biocompositi lolla-matrice magnesiaca e canapulo-matrice magnesiaca sono stati preparati e confrontati con i corrispondenti biocompositi a base di calce precedentemente studiati. Migliori prestazioni meccaniche sono state riscontrate per i compositi preparati con legante magnesiaco. Nel particolare, sono state osservate le più alte resistenze a compressione per i compositi preparati con la lolla. Indagini microstrutturali hanno dimostrato che sia la minore porosità che la maggiore adesione dello riempitivo con la fase legante sono responsabili delle migliori prestazioni meccaniche.
Concludendo, questa ricerca di dottorato ha evidenziato la possibilità di utilizzare scarti di lavorazione del grano, senza pretrattamenti energivori, per lo sviluppo di materiali destinati all’isolamento termico in alternativa ai materiali isolanti tradizionali più inquinanti.Wheat is the most common type of cereal used worldwide and the production of wheat husk waste from the refinement process is estimated to ca. 10 million tons in 2020 only in the EU. Since now, no well-defined recycling strategy exists and natural decomposition with the consequent production of polluting greenhouse gases is often the final destination of these materials. Recycling of agricultural by-products, in particular in the building sector, have recently been in focus through many EU-funded project. However, wheat husk has not yet been investigated. Although current thermal insulation materials have excellent performances, they are generally based on petroleum-derived raw materials (e.g. extruded polystyrene, expanded polystyrene, polyurethane foam, etc.). So-called bio based building material are more environmental-friendly alternatives, the most common one available on the market being lime hemp concrete. This material contains hemp hurds as filler and hydrated and/or hydraulic lime as binder. The material has good thermal insulation properties (0.05-0.12 W/m*K) and excellent moisture buffering and acoustic properties. An alternative to lime-based binders, having the same or even better green value, are magnesia-based ones. The present work was aimed to the design of wheat husk insulating material as potential alternative to hemp lime concrete. The idea was to combine the necessity of finding valid recycling alternative for wheat husk with the need of the building sector for environmental-friendly insulation materials. The results from initial physical characterizations of wheat husk showed a low dry thermal conductivity (ca. 0.05 W/(m.K)), comparable to hemp hurd, as well as good hygric regulation performances (MBV equal to 2.06 g/(m2.%RH)). Hence, the material was considered a viable alternative as filler in biocomposites. In subsequent investigations, lime wheat husk concrete was prepared and compared to a lime hemp concrete. Despite the higher dry apparent density of the former, the total porosity (around 80%) and dry thermal conductivity (ca. 0.09 W/(m.K)) were similar for both types of concrete. The somewhat lower mechanical performance of lime wheat concrete (~0.20 MPa) with respect to lime hemp concrete (0.24 MPa), although in line with those expected for infilling walls without load bearing requirements, was found to be due to lower adherence of wheat husk to the lime-based binder. In order to obtain a material with improved mechanical performance, subsequent work was dedicated to investigated an alternative binder with better compatibility with the novel vegetal filler. In particular, a magnesia-based cementitious materials was investigated. Setting and hardening of the investigated system relied on hydration of reactive MgO in the presence of MgSO4 and a vegetal flour leading to a complex porous microstructure composed of needle-shaped magnesium oxy sulfate cement phases as well as magnesium hydroxide with carbon uptake potential. Wheat husk magnesia concrete and hemp hurd magnesia concrete were prepared and compared to the corresponding lime-based materials previously investigated. Mechanically stronger composites were obtained with magnesia-based binder. In addition, the best mechanical performance was observed for composites containing wheat husk as filler. Microstructural investigations showed that both lower porosity and stronger adhesion of wheat husk aggregate with the binder phase are responsible for the improved mechanical performance. Concluding, the results obtained during this PhD research showed that direct utilization, i.e. without any energy-consuming pre-treatments, of wheat husk for the production of bio based building materials intended for thermal insulation purposes is a viable recycling option and a valid alternative/substitute for less environmental-friendly traditional insulation materials.
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Piedrahita-Aguirre, Cesar Augusto 1980. "Estudo da produção de iturina por bacillus subtilis, em fermentação semi-sólida utilizando como substrato farelos de soja, arroz, trigo e casca de arroz = Study of production of iturin by Bacillus subtilis in solid state fermentation using as substrate soybean meal, rice meal, wheat bran and husk rice." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/255474.
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Orientador: Ranulfo Monte AlegreTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos
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Resumo: Este trabalho se propôs a estudar a produção da iturina A por Bacillus subtilis em fermentação semi-sólida em biorreatores de leito empacotado. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em quatro partes. Em uma primeira parte foi feito um screening com cepas silvestres e seus mutantes obtidos a partir da exposição de luz UV e acridina laranja. A cepa Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis NRRL NRS-1270 foi a que apresentou maior atividade antagônica contra os fungos Aspergillus fumigatus Fresenius NRRL 164, Aspergillus fumigatus Fresenius NRRL 166 e Aspergillus flavus var. oryzae NRRL 484. O extrato metanólico obtido da fermentação semi-sólida do Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis NRRL NRS-1270 foi analisado através da espectrometria de massas encontrando-se lipopeptídeos com massa molecular entre m/z 1021,43 e m/z 1087,48, mas sem a presença da iturina A. Em uma segunda etapa a cepa Bacillus Iso 1 foi isolada a partir das raízes de soja, e ante a dificuldade de identificar a iturina A através da cromatografia liquida de alta eficiência (HPLC), foi desenvolvida a metodologia de purificação da iturina A utilizando a cromatografia em coluna de vidro preenchida com sílica gel 60. A iturina A foi eluída com três sistemas de solventes compostos por 20 mL de clorofórmio-metanol-água (65:25:4,v/v/v), fração 1, seguido de 20 mL de clorofórmio-metanol-água (30:50:10, v/v/v), fração 2, e a fração final composta por 10 mL de clorofórmio-metanol-água (20:60:15, v/v/v). As frações obtidas foram analisadas através da HPLC e da espectrometria de massa, identificando 5 isômeros da iturina A (C13-C16). Na terceira etapa, foi feito um delineamento composto central rotacional (DCCR) para avaliar o efeito da casca de arroz como suporte inerte e da vazão volumétrica de ar na produção de iturina A; como substratos foram utilizados o farelo de soja desengordurado e o farelo de trigo. Nenhuma variável do DCCR foi estatisticamente significativa, mas operacionalmente foram importantes, devido à redução da oxigenação do Bacillus Iso 1 pela baixa vazão de ar e menor concentração de casca de arroz, favorecendo a produção de iturina; nestas condições obteve-se 6,88 g/kg de substrato seco de iturina A.Esta é a maior quantidade de iturina A produzida em biorreatores de leito empacotado (coluna) com aeração forçada até hoje. Na quarta etapa, a partir dos resultados obtidos no DCCR foram estudados os parâmetros do processo: queda de pressão, consumo de oxigênio e perfis de temperatura, visando entender o comportamento da fermentação a 0,4 L/min e 0,8 L/min. A máxima produção de iturina obtida foi 5,58 g/kg de substrato seco com a vazão de 0,4 L/min. O incremento na queda de pressão é ocasionado não unicamente pelo incremento da vazão volumétrica, mas também pela produção do biopolímero ?-PGA o qual ocupa os espaços livres entre as partículas, dificultando o fluxo normal de ar através do leito, reduzindo o consumo de oxigênio. A baixa oxigenação favoreceu a alta produção da iturina A e gerou baixo calor metabólico (5,75 W/kg-dry substrato·min). Os resultados obtidos podem ser úteis na elaboração de estratégias para ampliação de escala do processo em fermentadores aerados de leito empacotado
Abstract: This work covers a study of the production of iturin A by Bacillus by solid-state fermentation in packed bed bioreactors. The study was conducted in four parts. At first a screening was conducted with wild strains and their mutants obtained from exposure to UV light and mutagenic agent acridine orange. The strain Bacillus subtilis subsp subtilis NRRL NRS 1270 showed the highest antagonistic activity against Aspergillus fumigatus NRRL 164, Aspergillus fumigatus NRRL 166 and Aspergillus flavus var . oryzae NRRL 484. A methanolic extract obtained by solid state fermentation of Bacillus subtilis subsp subtilis NRRL NRS 1270 was analyzed with mass spectrometry showing lipopeptides with molecular mass between m/z 1021.43 and m/z 1087.48, but without the presence of iturin A. In the second stage, the strain Bacillus Iso 1 was isolated from soybean roots. Given the difficulty of identifying iturin A by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), a iturin A purification methodology was developed using glass column chromatography packed with activated Silica gel 60 and alumina. This methodology involved three solvent systems for elution of the iturin A from the column. A first fraction consisted of 20 ml of chloroform-methanol-water (65:25:4 , v/v/v) and was followed by 20 ml of chloroform - methanol- water (30:50 : 10, v/v/v), that was then followed by a final fraction consisting of 10 ml of chloroform-methanol-water (20:60:15, v/v/v). The fractions obtained of fermentation were analyzed by both HPLC and mass spectrometry, identifying five iturin A isomers (C13-C16). In the third stage of the study, an experimental design was constructed in the form of a central composite rotational design (CCRD) to evaluate the effect of rice husk as an inert support and air flow rates to the iturin A production, using defatted soybean meal and wheat bran as substrate. Although none of the studied variables showed statistical significance, the operational importance of reduction of oxygenation of the Bacillus Iso 1 fermentation due to the low concentration of rice husk and air flow rate was observed to favor the production of iturin; in these conditions high productivity was obtained reaching 6.88 g/kg-dry substrate of iturin A. Concluding from available literature, this is the highest concentration of iturin A ever produced in packed bed bioreactor (column) with forced aeration to date. In the fourth stage, in order to understand the behavior of the fermentation under aeration conditions between 0.4 L/min and 0.8 L/min, the following process parameters were studied, based on the results obtained from the CCRD: pressure drop, oxygen consumption and temperature profiles. The maximum production of iturin obtained was 5.58 g/kg-dry substrate with the air flow rate at 0.4 L/. The increase of the pressure gradients is caused not only by increasing the volumetric air flow rate but also by the production of biopolymer ?-PGA by Bacillus iso 1, which occupies the free interparticle space, hindering or preventing the normal flow of air through the bed and thus leading to reduced oxygen consumption. The low oxygenation favored the high iturin A production and resulted in low metabolic heat generation (5.75 W/kg-dry substrate.min). The results of this work are expected to be conducive for designing strategies to scale up the process in aerated packed bed bioreactors
Doutorado
Engenharia de Alimentos
Doutor em Engenharia de Alimentos
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Γεωργακοπούλου, Χρυσούλα. "Παραγωγή τυριού τύπου φέτας με ακινητοποιημένα κύτταρα L.casei ATCC 393 σε φλοιό σιταριού." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10889/8142.
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Η φέτα είναι είδος τυριού στην άλμη, τις ρίζες της οποίας τις βρίσκουμε χιλιάδες χρόνια πριν στην Αρχαία Ελλάδα. Παρασκευάζεται αποκλειστικά από γάλα προβάτου ή αιγοπρόβειο, δηλαδή μείγμα με έως 30% γάλα κατσίκας. Με βάση την παραδοσιακή μέθοδο παρασκευής της φέτας παρασκευάστηκε ένα νέο τυρί τύπου φέτας με την προσθήκη φλοιού σιταριού ο οποίος χρησιμοποιήθηκε για την ακινητοποίηση των κυττάρων του προβιοτικού μικροοργανισμού L.casei ATCC 393. O ακινητοποιημένος βιοκαταλύτης προστέθηκε ξεχωριστά κατά τη διάρκεια παρασκευής του τυριού τύπου φέτα στος 37 oC Στόχος του πειράματος ήταν η δημιουργία ενός νέου τυριού άλμης στο οποίο θα προσδίδονταν νέες προβιοτικές αλλά και πριβιοτικές ιδιότητες. Πέρα του τυριού με τον ακινητοποιημένο βιοκαταλύτη (L.casei και φλοιός σιταριού) για λόγους σύγκρισης παρασκευάστηκαν 3 ακόμη διαφορετικά τυριά άλμης, μια παραδοσιακή φέτα, ένα τυρί τύπου φέτας με ελέυθερο τον προβιοτικό μικροοργανισμό L.casei και ένα τυρί τύπου φέτας με προσθήκη φλοιού σιταριού. Στα παραγόμενα προϊόντα μελετήθηκε η επίδραση του ακινητοποιημένου βιοκαταλύτη στα φυσικοχημικά τους χαρακτηριστικά, καθώς και στο μικροβιολογικό και οργανοληπτικό τους προφίλ κατά τη διάρκεια αποθήκευσής τους για διάστημα 65 ημερών. Η βιοσιμότητα του L. casei εξετάστηκε επίσης.Feta is a kind of cheese in brine, which was first found in ancient Greece thousands of years ago. It is made from sheep’s milk or mixture of sheep’s and goat’s milk which conclude up to 30% goat’s milk.According to the traditional method which is used in feta manufacture a new kind of feta cheese was produced. In this kind of feta cheese wheat bran was used for the immobilization of L. casei ATCC 393 cells. The immobilized biocatalysts were separately added as adjuncts during cheese type “Feta” production at 37oC.Τhe main purpose of conducting this experiment was producing a new type of cheese in brine in which new probiotic and pribiotic characteristics would be transfused. For comparison reasons cheeses with and without free L. casei cells were prepared as well as a traditional feta cheese. The effect of the immobilized biocatalysts as adjuncts at cheeses on physicochemical parameters, microbiological and organoleptic characteristics were studied for 60 storage days. The viability of L. casei during storage was also studied
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Boulanger, Julie. "What language is this ? : a study of abjection in Djuna Barnes's Nightwood and Anne Stone's Hush." Thèse, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/17582.
Full textBooks on the topic "Wheat husk"
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The Incredible Hulk: What savage beast. New York: Byron Preiss Multimedia Co., 1995.
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Virján, Emma J. What this story needs is a hush and a shush. New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 2016.
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Huck: The incredible true story of what one lost puppy taught a family and a whole town about hope and happy endings. New York: Broadway Books, 2010.
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Taylor, Yazmin, Reid Randolph, Jeanie Johnson, and Jayha Leigh. ADVENTURES ARE HUSH: What happens in Vegas. Lulu Press, Inc., 2009.
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(Foreword), Don James, ed. What It Means to Be a Husky: Don James and Washington's Greatest Players (What It Means to Be a Husky). Triumph Books, 2007.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Wheat husk"
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Zafar, Mohd Farhan, and M. Arif Siddiqui. "Effect of Filler Parameters on the Mechanical Properties of Wheat Husk Filled Polystyrene Composite." In Lecture Notes on Multidisciplinary Industrial Engineering, 103–10. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9016-6_12.
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Dewangan, Rishi, Pankaj Kumar Pandey, Nitesh Singh Rajput, and Rajeev Dohare. "Optimization of Hybrid Aluminium Metal Matrix Composite Using Red Mud and Wheat Husk Ash." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 277–83. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4018-3_26.
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Joshi, Aarushi, Dharmaraj J. Patil, Jagabandhu Dixit, and Sailesh Narayan Behera. "Remediation of Cadmium-Contaminated Soil Using Biochar Derived from Wheat Straw, Rice Husk and Bagasse." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 117–26. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6370-0_11.
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Oras, Amila, Aida Softić, Asima Akagić, Selma Čorbo, and Sanja Oručević Žuljević. "Improving the Quality of Wheat Bread by Using Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) Seeds and Psyllium (Plantago ovata) Husk." In 10th Central European Congress on Food, 266–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04797-8_24.
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Kissling, Elizabeth Arveda. "Introduction: Menstruation as Narrative." In The Palgrave Handbook of Critical Menstruation Studies, 865–68. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0614-7_62.
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Abstract Personal stories, urban legends, literature, media representations, and other kinds of narratives provide means of sharing information about menstruation, including what women and other menstruators should and should not do during their periods. For instance, no book has had more impact upon pubescent North American girls than Judy Blume’s 1970 Are You There God? It’s Me, Margaret. Girls growing up in the 1970s and onward, in a cultural milieu where they were encouraged to silence their questions and hush their bodies, had a protagonist with whom to identify and empathize.
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"Wheat husk." In Drugs Handbook 2012–2013. Bloomsbury Academic, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350363595.art-1870.
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Rana, Sukanta, and Jatindra Nath Bhakta. "Heavy Metal(loid) Remediation Using Bio-Waste." In Handbook of Research on Inventive Bioremediation Techniques, 394–415. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2325-3.ch017.
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Heavy metal(loid)s are hazardous, biologically non-essential, non-biodegradable and persistent in nature, which can accumulate in plants and animals as well as in environment especially agri- and aqua- culture ecosystems. It is severely responsible for causing several health hazards problems in human, such as, cardiovascular, pulmonary, hepatic, nephrological, dermatological, neurological disorders as well as carcinogenic effects. Removal of these heavy metals from living systems is extensively expensive and also unsuccessful in sent percent removal. Therefore, in order to protect the environment, the removal of heavy metal(loid)s from polluted effluents is essential before discharging into environment. Besides various treatment technologies, sorption of metal(loid)s using bio-wastes are highly potent alternatives in recent years. The present chapter deals with the removal efficiencies of various bio-wastes, orange peels, waste tea leaves, rice husk, wheat stalk, sugar cane bagasse, coconut husk, sun flower stalk, corn cob, nut shell, water hyacinth, crab shell particle, activated carbons etc. The present discussion has also revealed that bio-waste could be a low-cost eco-friendly and green emerging alternative technology in treating the metal(loid)s contaminated environment without posing any further adverse environmental impacts.
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Rana, Sukanta, and Jatindra Nath Bhakta. "Heavy Metal(loid) Remediation Using Bio-Waste." In Waste Management, 754–74. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1210-4.ch035.
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Heavy metal(loid)s are hazardous, biologically non-essential, non-biodegradable and persistent in nature, which can accumulate in plants and animals as well as in environment especially agri- and aqua- culture ecosystems. It is severely responsible for causing several health hazards problems in human, such as, cardiovascular, pulmonary, hepatic, nephrological, dermatological, neurological disorders as well as carcinogenic effects. Removal of these heavy metals from living systems is extensively expensive and also unsuccessful in sent percent removal. Therefore, in order to protect the environment, the removal of heavy metal(loid)s from polluted effluents is essential before discharging into environment. Besides various treatment technologies, sorption of metal(loid)s using bio-wastes are highly potent alternatives in recent years. The present chapter deals with the removal efficiencies of various bio-wastes, orange peels, waste tea leaves, rice husk, wheat stalk, sugar cane bagasse, coconut husk, sun flower stalk, corn cob, nut shell, water hyacinth, crab shell particle, activated carbons etc. The present discussion has also revealed that bio-waste could be a low-cost eco-friendly and green emerging alternative technology in treating the metal(loid)s contaminated environment without posing any further adverse environmental impacts.
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"Possible utilization of wheat husk ash waste in the production of precast concrete elements." In Excellence in Concrete Construction through Innovation, 533–38. CRC Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203883440-87.
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Khatib, J., R. Siddique, C. Booth, and J. Zhang. "Possible utilization of wheat husk ash waste in the production of precast concrete elements." In Excellence in Concrete Construction through Innovation. Taylor & Francis, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203883440.ch78.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Wheat husk"
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Zhang, Jinshan, Junmei Zhao, and Chunjun Yan. "An experimental study on wheat husk ash affect the strength of mortar." In 2011 Second International Conference on Mechanic Automation and Control Engineering. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mace.2011.5988283.
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Han, Runping, Yufei Li, Lina Zou, Qiang Sheng, Junmei Cheng, Fuling Xie, and Zhenhui Zhao. "Adsorption of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution by Wheat Husk in Batch Mode." In 2008 2nd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2008.1118.
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Li, Danping, Xiaojun Shi, Yanan Zhao, Xinbin Zhou, and Yueqiang Zhang. "Rice-husk Biochar Improved Soil Properties and Wheat Yield on an Acidified Purple Soil." In 2016 5th International Conference on Civil, Architectural and Hydraulic Engineering (ICCAHE 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iccahe-16.2016.52.
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"Decolorisation Treatment of Wastewater Containing Reactive Yellow 15 Using Herbal absorbent of Wheat Husk." In 3rd International Conference on Biological, Chemical and Environmental Sciences. International Institute of Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15242/iicbe.c0915062.
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Boobalan, S. C. "Comprehensive Review on the Influence of Natural Materials in Soil Stabilization." In Sustainable Materials and Smart Practices. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901953-31.
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Abstract. This comprehensive review insists on the impacts of various natural materials in the conventional ground improvement techniques. This review paper focuses on the utilization of natural materials such as Eggshell powder, Rice husk ash, Wheat husk ask, Tamarind Kernel Powder, Jaggery, Chebula, Lime and coir fibers as soil stabilizers. The properties of Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCC), California Bearing Ratio (CBR), index and consolidation characteristics had been compared with existing conventional strength of soils. Out of the materials used for soil stabilizing agents, Rice Husk Ash, Eggshell powder and Tamarind Kernel Powder showed better ground improvement properties. The eggshell powder with 5% optimum replacement by weight of dry soil sample showed an improvement in strength. The properties of the soil sample achieved the improvement in strength with rice husk ash of 6-8% optimum level. TKP of 10% was added in the soil sample showed the soil liquid limit increase to 117% from 67%. TKP of 2% and 8% were added in the soil sample showed the shrinkage limit decrease to 15.4% and 11.4% respectively. Meanwhile, TKP of 8% in the soil sample resulted in a decrease of dry density to 14 kN/m2 from 17.1 kN/m2. Similarly, improved strength for achieved from the following combinations of jaggery and eggshell powder, lime and Chebula.
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Jiao, Yubin, Jaiqi Zhang, Gening Bi, and Runping Han. "Adsorption Of Neutral Red From Aqueous Solution By Wheat Husk In A Fixed-bed Column." In 2016 International Conference on Advances in Energy, Environment and Chemical Science. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aeecs-16.2016.64.
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Waheed, Qari M. K., Shahid Maqsood, Rashid Nawaz, and Anas Bin Aqeel. "Investigation of thermal behaviour and kinetic analysis of Pakistani biomass: Rice husk, sugarcane bagasse and wheat straw using thermogravimetric analysis." In 2015 Power Generation Systems and Renewable Energy Technologies (PGSRET). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pgsret.2015.7312212.
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Kruteakova, V., Nina V. Pilyak, V. Dishliuk, and O. Nikipelova. "The influence of bioderified on the basis of urban wastewater sediments on agricultural productivity on the example of corn on grain." In International Scientific Symposium "Plant Protection – Achievements and Prospects". Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/9789975347204.27.
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Sewage sludge (SS) is a secondary resource that can be used in modern biotechnology to produce fertilizers. This is the bioconversion of organic waste – obtaining available organic raw materials (compost) with the participation of phosphate-mobilizing microorganisms with the addition of fillers. Biofertilizers based on SS of biological treatment plants (SBU) "Southern" and "Northern" of Odessa with different fillers (winter wheat straw and sunflower seed husk) were studied. The effectiveness of biofertilizers was studied in a field experiment on chernozem ordinary medium humus. Culture in the experiment: corn for grain (medium-ripe hybrid FAO 400). According to the results of determining the biological activity of the soil, the highest indicators of corn yield are shown when using new biofertilizers in comparison with the control, which provided an increase in corn yield per grain and improved economic performance.
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Lu, Ping, Jiateng Shi, and Xinyi Yin. "Chlorine Release Characteristics During Biomass Reburning in an Entrained Flow Reactor." In ASME 2017 Power Conference Joint With ICOPE-17 collocated with the ASME 2017 11th International Conference on Energy Sustainability, the ASME 2017 15th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2017 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power-icope2017-3127.
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Five biomass including cotton stalk (CS), sunflower stalk (SS), wheat stalk (WS), rice husk (RH) and maize stalk (MS) were pyrolyzed in an entrained flow reactor under reburning condition. The chlorine release fraction was determined based on the analysis of each biomass and the relevant bio-coke measured by digital ion meter. The effects of biomass species, reaction temperature (T), residence time (τ), stoichiometric ratio (SR2), and initial oxygen content in the simulated flue gas on chlorine release were analyzed. The obtained results indicated that the chlorine release fraction increases with the increasing of reaction temperature, and all biomass have a higher chlorine release fraction of 94.6%–100% at high reaction temperature. Stoichiometric ratio has little influence on chlorine release. The chlorine release fraction shows a significant increase from 80.3% to 97.1% with increasing initial oxygen content in the simulated flue gas from 0% to 4%.
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Lonia, B., N. K. Nayar, S. B. Singh, and P. L. Bali. "Techno Economic Aspects of Power Generation From Agriwaste in India." In 17th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2003-170.
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The agricultural operations in India are suffering from a serious problem of shortage of electrical power on one side and economic and effective disposal of agriwaste stuff on the other. India being agriculture based country, 70% of its main income (share in GDP) comes from agriculture sector. Any enhancement of income from this sector is based upon adequate supply of basic inputs in this sector. Regular and adequate power supply is one such input. But, the position of power supply in our country defies both these characteristics. With a major portion of power produced being sent to the industrial and urban consumers, there is a perennial shortage of power in the agriculture sector. Consequently, there is an emergent need to produce more power in order to fulfil the needs of this sector effectively. One way of accomplishing this is setting up captive, preferably rural based, small power generation plants. In these power plants, instead of water-head, diesel oil or coal, we can use agri-residue to produce electricity. One such power plant (1–2 MW capacity) can satisfy the power need of 25 to 40 nearby villages. The agriwaste like rice straw, sugarcane-trash, coir-pith, peanut shells, wheat stalks & straw, cottonseed, stalks and husk, soyabean stalks, maize stalks & cobs, sorghum. Bagasse, wallnut shells, sunflower seeds, shells, hulls and kernels and coconut husk, wastewood and saw dust can be fruitfully utilized in power generation. This stuff is otherwise a waste and liability and consumes a lot of effort on its disposal; in addition to being a fire and health hazard. Agriwaste stuff which at present is available in abundance and prospects of its utilization in producing energy are enormous. This material can be procured at reasonably low rates from the farmers who will thus be benefited economically, apart from being relieved of the responsibility of its disposal. Agri-residue has traditionally been a major source of heat energy in rural areas in India. It is a valuable fuel even in the sub-urban areas. Inspite of rapid increase in the supply of, access lo and use of fossil fuels, agri-residue is likely to continue to play an important role, in the foreseeable future. Therefore, developing and promoting techno-economically-viable technologies to utilize agri-residue efficiently should be a persuit of high priority. Though there is no authentic data available with regard to the exact quantity of agricultural and agro-industrial residues, its rough estimate has been put at about 350 mt per annum. It is also estimated that the total cattle refuse generated is nearly 250 mt per year. Further, nearly 20% of the total land is under forest cover, which produces approximately 50 mt of fuel wood and with associated forest waste of about 5 mt.(1). Taking into account the utilization of even a portion (say 30%) of this agri-residue & agro-industrial waste as well as energy plantation on one million hectare (mha) of wastelands for power generation through bioenergy technologies, a potential of some 18000 MW of power has been estimated. From the foregoing, it is clear that there is an enormous untapped potential for energy generation from agri-residue. What is required is an immediate and urgent intensification of dedicated efforts in this field, with a view to bringing down the unit energy cost and improving efficiency and reliability of agri-waste production, conversion and utilisation, leading to subsequent saving of fossil fuels for other pressing applications. The new initiatives in national energy policy are most urgently needed to accelerate the social and economic development of the rural areas. It demands a substantial increase in production and consumption of energy for productive purposes. Such initiatives are vital for promoting the goals of sustainability. cleaner production and reduction of long-term risks of environmental pollution and consequent adverse climatic changes in future. A much needed significant social, economic and industrial development has yet to take place in large parts of rural India; be it North, West, East or South. It can be well appreciated that a conscious management of agri-residue, which is otherwise a serious liability of the farmer, through its economic conversion into electric power can offer a reasonably viable solution to our developmental needs. This vision will have to be converted into a reality within a decade or so through dedicated and planned R&D work in this area. There is a shimmering promise that the whole process of harvesting, collection, transport and economic processing and utilisation of agri-waste can be made technically and economically more viable in future. Thus, the foregoing paras amply highlight the value of agri-residue as a prospective source of electric power, particularly for supplementing the main grid during the lean supply periods or peak load hours and also for serving the remote areas in the form of stand-alone units giving a boost to decentralised power supply. This approach and option seems to be positive in view of its potential contribution to our economic and social development. No doubt, this initiative needs to be backed and perused rigorously for removing regional imbalances as well as strengthening National economy. This paper reviews the current situation with regards to generation of agriwaste and its prospects of economic conversion into electrical power, technologies presently available for this purpose, and the problems faced in such efforts. It emphasizes the need for an integrated approach to devise ways and means for generating electrical power from agriwaste; keeping in mind the requirements of cleaner production and environmental protection so that the initiative leads to a total solution.