Academic literature on the topic 'Which is used by nurses in practice'
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Journal articles on the topic "Which is used by nurses in practice"
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Lake, Sarah, Trudy Rudge, and Sandra West. "Making meaning of nursing practices in acute care." Journal of Organizational Ethnography 4, no. 1 (2015): 64–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/joe-05-2014-0011.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to consider how meaning may be made of nursing practices by contrasting the rationalistic approach commonly used in the nursing literature with Bourdieu’s theory of practice. Design/methodology/approach – The data under consideration is an account of ten to 15 minutes of a larger ethnographic study of nursing practices which asks the question: how do nurses accomplish nursing within and between patients’ needs for care in the acute hospital setting? The five main sources of data were: observations of and conversations with nurse participants, as well as hospital documentation (including facility protocols and patients’ notes) and the observer’s field diary. These were woven together to provide an account of one nurse with one patient for a few moments of her day. Findings – Although this paper makes no attempt to speak to the rest of her workload, in these few minutes the nurse accomplishes multiple moments of nursing practice. Further, while the rationalistic approach presents the nurse as a highly skilled practitioner, Bourdieu’s theory of practice not only illuminates the nurse’s role as pivotal in the acute hospital setting but is also able to address the dialectical nature of the relationship between nurses’ practices and the dynamics of the context. Originality/value – The use of Bourdieu’s theory of practice makes possible the study of how nurses nurse “within and between” to illuminate the everyday practices of nurses.
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Ribeiro, Olga Maria Pimenta Lopes, Maria Manuela Ferreira Pereira da Silva Martins, Daisy Maria Rizatto Tronchin, João Miguel Almeida Ventura da Silva, and Elaine Cristina Novatzki Forte. "Professional practice models used by nurses in Portuguese hospitals." Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem 72, suppl 1 (2019): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0670.
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ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the professional practice models used by nurses in the hospital context. Method: A descriptive study with a qualitative approach was carried out in 19 hospitals with 56 nurses. Data collection was carried out by means of a semi-structured interview. Results: The following categories emerged from analysis: a practice focused on the management of signs and symptoms, where the biomedical model, prevention of complications, and early detection of signs and symptoms of clinical worsening stood out, and a practice based on patients' human responses, emphasizing health promotion, self-care promotion, autonomy reconstruction, functional rehabilitation, patients' training, preparation to return home, and facilitation of transitions. Final considerations: In spite of the evolution seen in some contexts, a distance between the models practiced and those presented is still found, which indicates the need for changes ensuring structuring and systematization of the professional practice.
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Timmins, Fiona, Jan M. A. de Vries, Yvonne Muldowney, et al. "Nurses’ views of fundamental relational skills used in clinical practice: a cross-sectional pilot study." Frontiers of Nursing 8, no. 3 (2021): 223–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fon-2021-0023.
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Abstract Objective Effective communication skills are one of the core competencies of nursing curricula internationally. Nurses are generally regarded as proficient. Despite our complete trust in the profession, deficiencies and gaps exist. However, it is not clear to which extent nurses use key communication skills in practice, and whether or not confident in using these skills compounds environmental issues that occur. This study explored nurse's confidence and application of relational skills competencies in nursing practice. Methods A 13-item online survey was used to collect data. Results Being self-aware on key areas where there was more uncertainty. Nurses also lacked confidence in exploring the impact of their personal feelings and values on their interactions. Nurses were also less confident on responding appropriately to instances of unsafe or unprofessional practice and using information and communication systems and technology. Conclusions Given the potential impact of poor relational skills on quality client care, an increased emphasis on caring and compassion, and the ever-expanding use of communication technologies, there is a need to explore the need for reflective practice to enhance continuous professional development for nurses to enhance their relational skills.
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Wardaningsih, Shanti, and Aldina Puput Junita. "Nurse’s Experiences in Implementing an Islamic Care Nursing Practice in Sharia-based Hospital Yogyakarta: A Phenomenological Study." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, T4 (2021): 182–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.5814.
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BACKGROUND: Caring is the concept of a basic approach in nursing. It is an action that affects the level of satisfaction in hospitalized patients. Caring practice is very important for patient satisfaction. If it is in accordance with patient expectations, it will be considered as satisfying nursing services. However, in reality, there are still many nurses who have not shown caring practice toward patients and there may be some nurses who do not have time to listen to patients, provide comfort, or other caring actions. Nurses are considered to be noble professions as they are the people who take care and help the patients. The noble profession can be seen through the practice of the nurse such as caring actions which can improve patient satisfaction, especially Islamic caring, which is to include Islamic values in the hospital regardless of the patient’s status. AIM: This study aims to explore the experiences of nurses in implementing Islamic caring practices at the Islamic Hospital in Yogyakarta. METHODS: This study used a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The data collection conducted in this study was an in-depth interview method. The number of participants in this study was six nurses who worked at PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital and Nur Hidayah Hospital, Yogyakarta. RESULTS: The results of this study showed four main themes regarding the experience of nurses in implementing Islamic caring practices at the Islamic Hospital in Yogyakarta. CONCLUSION: The four main themes are nurse’s spiritual experiences, sharia-based services, attitudes toward Islamic caring practices, and the support and the barrier in carrying out Islamic caring practices.
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Ammar, Sabah Ahmed. "Effect of Implementing Distance Learning on Nurses Knowledge and Practice RegardingCovid-19 Pandemic." International Journal of Nursing Didactics 10, no. 12 (2020): 01–09. http://dx.doi.org/10.15520/ijnd.v10i12.3171.
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Background:The global spread of COVID-19 is triggering public health responses and is affecting severely on economic systems and global communications. Nurses are the frontline healthcare professionals, providing direct care to individuals infected with COVID-19. In addition, E-learning tools are playing a crucial role during this pandemic. Aim:The aim of this study was to determine the effect of implementing distance learning on nurse's knowledge and practice regarding the COVID-19 pandemic. Design: Quiz experimental design was used to achieve the aim of the current study. Setting:The study was conducted at the emergency department, Intensive care unitand internal medicine department department at 15- May Hospital – Helwan governorate. Sample:A convenient sample of 50 nurses who are work in the previously mentioned settings. Tools:Five tools were used to collect data includeI: Nurse's demographic characteristics data. II: Nurse's knowledge assessment sheet, III: Nurses practice observation sheet, IV: Hospital health services nurse's opinion assessment sheet, V: Distance learning assessment sheet. Results: high significant positive difference between pre and posttest which reveals improvement in study subject knowledge and practice regarding distance learning implantation at p-value 0.000**. In addition, this study indicates the most of study subject agree with implementing distance learning. Conclusion: The finding of the study concluded that nurses' knowledge and practice was improved post-education than pre-education. Recommendations: Additional research using different training programs for nurses to be well prepared to provide patients with appropriate knowledge and practices about COVID-19 through verbal and written instructions.
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Chong, Mei Chan, Karen Francis, Simon Cooper, and Khatijah Lim Abdullah. "Current Continuing Professional Education Practice among Malaysian Nurses." Nursing Research and Practice 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/126748.
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Nurses need to participate in CPE to update their knowledge and increase their competencies. This research was carried out to explore their current practice and the future general needs for CPE. This cross-sectional descriptive study involved registered nurses from government hospitals and health clinics from Peninsular Malaysia. Multistage cluster sampling was used to recruit 1000 nurses from four states of Malaysia. Self-explanatory questionnaires were used to collect the data, which were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Seven hundred and ninety-two nurses participated in this survey. Only 80% (562) of the nurses had engaged in CPE activities during the past 12 months. All attendance for the various activities was below 50%. Workshops were the most popular CPE activity (345, 43.6%) and tertiary education was the most unpopular activity (10, 1.3%). The respondents did perceive the importance of future CPE activities for career development. Mandatory continuing professional education (MCPE) is a key measure to ensure that nurses upgrade their knowledge and skills; however, it is recommended that policy makers and nurse leaders in the continuing professional development unit of health service facilities plan CPE activities to meet registered nurses’ (RNs) needs and not simply organizational requirements.
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Carrier, Judith. "An ethnographic exploration of the social organisation of general practice nurses’ knowledge use: more than ‘mindlines’?" Journal of Research in Nursing 25, no. 6-7 (2020): 604–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1744987120937411.
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Aim To explore contextual, organisational and educational issues impacting on access to, and application of knowledge to everyday practice by general practice nurses, working in two rural primary-care practices in the UK. Background Changes in primary-care healthcare delivery have resulted in substantive changes to practice nurses’ roles. Practice nurses have taken on enhanced roles for which they were not prepared for in their initial training, little is known about how they access and apply knowledge. Methods Ethnographic methods were used to gather data. Results Practice nurses take a blended approach to knowledge use, using elements of evidence-based practice to support professional judgement. This is subject to several contextual influences, organisational, educational and from individual patients. Tensions exist between the position in which general practice nurses are situated and the nature in which knowledge is disseminated and used in primary care. Whilst examples of clinical mindlines were evident, these differed to those previously observed in general practitioners, practice nurses did not always have the mindline on which to draw and used an approach to practice that resembled ‘bricoleur activity’. Conclusions The way in which general practice is structured results in variance in organisational structural arrangements for sharing and disseminating of knowledge. Despite a supportive organisational culture towards knowledge sharing, the position in which practice nurses are situated limits opportunities for discussion and reformulation of knowledge. Practice nurses are, however, prepared to adapt knowledge to meet the needs of individual patients.
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Fawares, Fadi, Khawla Ammar, Mohammad Farhan, Sara NOUR, and Rawan ATMAH. "New nurses’ Perceptions of Their Experiences During Their First Year of Practice in Oncology Setting." Journal of Medical and Health Studies 2, no. 1 (2021): 01–08. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jmhs.2021.2.1.1.
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Background: A newly graduated nurses usually shows uneasiness in communication and dealing with clinical situations. The preceptorship program was created to develop new nurses' competencies. As well as many institutions helped their new nurses by designing a special program to ensure a smooth transition into manpower, the new graduate nurses program help them to acquire competencies which are necessary to practice the job. Aim: this study aimed to identify the nurses’ satisfaction and perception, explore the relationship between nurse experience and nurse satisfaction and measure the relationship between nurse experience and their perceptions toward support, organizing and prioritizing, communication/leadership, and professional satisfaction during the first year of practice in the oncology setting Method: A cross-sectional descriptive design was used. The participants consisted of all nurses hired by the hospital from April 2018 to April 2019. Results: A total of 101 new graduates, aged 21 to 40 (m= 24.02, SD= 2.788), responded to the survey (response rate 57%). Overall, the length of the preceptorship programs varies, and it was ranged from 8 to 12 weeks and from 4 to 6 weeks for new graduates who had completed the internship in the hospital; the respondents reported a feeling of confidence and comfort when they were asked to share their experience, 69.3% of respondents had chosen the workload (e.g. organizing, prioritizing, feeling overwhelmed, ratios, patient acuity) considering it the most difficult transition experience. The study showed significant positive relationships between nurses’ experience and their satisfaction (salary, benefits package, Opportunity to work straight days, and Opportunities for career advancement) and significant negative relationships between nurses’ experience and their perception of support factors and professional Satisfaction factor. Conclusion: the results of this study reflect the challenges experienced with fear, stress, and confidence during first year of practice. Considering the new graduate nurse's experience and voice will reflect positively on practice.
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Nasarullah, Sadia, Muhammad Hussain, Kousar Perveen, and Muhammad Afzal. "Assessment of Nurses Awareness Regarding Hemodialysis Complications: A Cross-Sectional Study in Lahore, Pakistan." International Journal of Health, Medicine and Nursing Practice 3, no. 3 (2021): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijhmnp.600.
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Purpose: The purpose of the study was to assess the awareness of nurses regarding hemodialysis complication in Lahore, Pakistan.
 Methodology: Descriptive research design was used to conduct this study. The study was conducted at the Hemodialysis Unit at tertiary Care Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. The sample of the study consisted of 110 nurses (female) working in the hemodialysis unit, aged between 18 and 55 years has agreed to participate in this study. The self-administered questionnaire sheet was used to collect study-related data with the following sections. Part 1: ''Nurse's socio-demographic characteristics'', Part 2: "Nurses 'Awareness of Hemodialysis Practices", Part 3: "Nurses' Awareness of Hemodialysis Complications"
 Findings: Most of the nurses had a good level of knowledge about the complications of hemodialysis and very few of them had little knowledge. Most of the nurses were females and were aged 18-27.
 Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Further research should be done on a larger sample of them which focuses on their practice and should make the results of their study regarding their knowledge and its reflection on their practice
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Iita, Hermine, Scholastika Iipinge, and Agnes Van Dyk. "The level at which registered nurses utilise the nursing process in local-level primary health care practice in Namibia." International Journal of Advanced Nursing Studies 5, no. 1 (2016): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijans.v5i1.5600.
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<p>The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the use of the Nursing Process by registered nurses in local level primary health care practice in Namibia. The findings were used to serve as a basis to develop strategies to support registered nurses in their daily local PHC practice. A quantitative research approach using a survey design with self-report questionnaire was used. The population consisted of two groups. The first group consisted of 239 registered nurses working in Clinics, health Centers and in Outreach Programs. The second group consisted of 39 registered nurses supervisors of the registered nurses in these facilities. Quantitative, descriptive analysis was used to summarize and organize data using tables and figures as well as t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA), where applicable.</p><p>Five main problem areas were identified. It was concluded that strategies needed to be developed to support registered nurses in their daily local Primary health care practice. The development of strategies will be dealt with in a different paper.</p>
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Which is used by nurses in practice"
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James, Jennifer Ann, and n/a. "The extent to which registered nurses in the ACT state that they use physical assessment skills as a basis for nursing practice." University of Canberra. Education, 1988. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060406.121506.
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The purpose of this research was to discover the extent
to which practising registered nurses in the ACT
undertake physical assessment. It was also organized to
discover the perceived reasons why, in appropriate
instances, it was not undertaken and the extent to which
certain variables may have influenced its practice or
non-practice. It was directed also at discovering the
extent to which the practising registered nurse would be
prepared to undertake workshops on the subject, so that,
if appropriate, a core of registered nurses could be
provided to act as the role-models and to create the
necessary learning environment in the ACT hospitals and
agencies where most of the Canberra College's graduates
would find employment.
Since the first undergraduate course in nursing was
introduced in the tertiary sector, nurse academics have
placed significant emphasis on the teaching of the
nursing process. It is within the first phase of this
process, the assessment phase, that the physical
assessment of the patient/client is conducted.
Discussions with practising registered nurses and
observations, led to some uncertainty as to the extent
to which physical assessment was actually being used. A
review of the literature showed that no investigation of
the matter had been reported in the Australian
literature. It was, therefore, proposed to make good
this deficiency and to resolve any uncertainty about the
extent of use of physical assessment in the ACT.
This study was restricted to registered nurses in the
ACT where all beginning nurses are educated at the CCAE
with a curriculum which includes a comprehensive study
of physical assessment. Even so, it is recognized that
such studies will only reach a beginning level of
competency. In order to ensure that the graduates of
these courses extend their competency in physical
assessment they need to be able to use these skills in
every day nursing practice.
This research, therefore, was conducted using a
questionnaire which incorporated questions about the use
of 36 physical assessment skills. The survey, on a onetime
participation basis, was conducted for all
registered nurses rostered on a fortnightly period in
April 1987. A 66.7% response rate was achieved.
The responses were analyzed and the findings, results
and recommendations are included in the appropriate
sections of this thesis.
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Emmons, Margaret M. "Exploring the Enteral Feeding Practices Used by Critical Care Nurses: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2014. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsn_diss/34.
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Mechanically ventilated critically ill patients treated in the intensive care unit (ICU) require enteral feedings to maintain adequate nutrition during critical illness. Delivery of adequate enteral nutrition is also critical to the recovery of critically ill patients. Enteral nutrition has been shown to decrease length of time on the ventilator, decrease length of stay and ICU and decrease mortality. Despite all the evidence regarding the benefits of enteral nutrition, critically ill patients continue to receive less than their prescribed calories and protein. Nurses are in a unique position to influence the delivery of enteral nutrition. Nursing practices that contribute to underfeeding must be identified and corrected to ensure adequate delivery of nutrients is achieved. The purpose of the study was to describe the professional practice of critical care nurses regarding enteral feeding in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients. Several barriers were identified by the participants in the study that contributed to underfeeding including inconsistent practice regarding gastric residual volume, holding feeds when changing patient position and lack of a standardized protocol for enteral feeding. Also identified in the study was the idea that nurses do not see enteral feeding as a life-saving intervention. It is not the “sexy part” of what ICU nurses do. Enteral feeding guidelines need to be developed to include those interventions that are important to nursing practice in order to increase enteral feeding times and improve patient outcomes.
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Galindez, Araujo Luis J. "Factors surrounding and strategies to reduce recapping used needles by nurses at a Venezuelan public hospital." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0003166.
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Bankston, Karen D. "Collective self-esteem and attitudes toward collaboration as predictors to collaborative practice behaviors used by registered nurses and physicians in acute care hospitals." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=ucin1131630469.
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BANKSTON, KAREN DENISE. "COLLECTIVE SELF-ESTEEM AND ATTITUDES TOWARD COLLABORATION AS PREDICTORS TO COLLABORATIVE PRACTICE BEHAVIORS USED BY REGISTERED NURSES AND PHYSICIANS IN ACUATE CARE HOSPITALS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1131630469.
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Fenollosa, Artés Felip. "Contribució a l'estudi de la impressió 3D per a la fabricació de models per facilitar l'assaig d'operacions quirúrgiques de tumors." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667421.
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La present tesi doctoral s’ha centrat en el repte d’aconseguir, mitjançant Fabricació Additiva (FA), models per a assaig quirúrgic, sota la premissa que els equips per fer-los haurien de ser accessibles a l’àmbit hospitalari. L’objectiu és facilitar l’extensió de l’ús dels prototips com a eina de preparació d’operacions quirúrgiques, transformant la pràctica mèdica actual de la mateixa manera que en el seu moment ho van fer tecnologies com les que van facilitar l’ús de radiografies. El motiu d’utilitzar FA, en lloc de tecnologies més tradicionals, és la seva capacitat de materialitzar de forma directa les dades digitals obtingudes de l’anatomia del pacient mitjançant sistemes d’escanejat tridimensional, fent possible l’obtenció de models personalitzats. Els resultats es centren en la generació de nou coneixement sobre com aconseguir equipaments d’impressió 3D multimaterials accessibles que permetin l’obtenció de models mimètics respecte als teixits vius. Per facilitar aquesta buscada extensió de la tecnologia, s’ha focalitzat en les tecnologies de codi obert com la Fabricació per Filament Fos (FFF) i similars basades en líquids catalitzables. La recerca s’alinea dins l’activitat de desenvolupament de la FA al CIM UPC, i en aquest àmbit concret amb la col·laboració amb l’Hospital Sant Joan de Déu de Barcelona (HSJD). El primer bloc de la tesi inclou la descripció de l’estat de l’art, detallant les tecnologies existents i la seva aplicació a l’entorn mèdic. S’han establert per primer cop unes bases de caracterització dels teixits vius -sobretot tous- per donar suport a la selecció de materials que els puguin mimetitzar en un procés de FA, a efectes de millorar l’experiència d’assaig dels cirurgians. El caràcter rígid dels materials majoritàriament usats en impressió 3D els fa poc útils per simular tumors i altres referències anatòmiques. De forma successiva, es tracten paràmetres com la densitat, la viscoelasticitat, la caracterització dels materials tous a la indústria, l’estudi del mòdul elàstic de teixits tous i vasos, la duresa d’aquests, i requeriments com l’esterilització dels models. El segon bloc comença explorant la impressió 3D mitjançant FFF. Es classifiquen les variants del procés des del punt de vista de la multimaterialitat, essencial per fer models d’assaig quirúrgic, diferenciant entre solucions multibroquet i de barreja al capçal. S’ha inclòs l’estudi de materials (filaments i líquids) que serien més útils per mimetitzar teixits tous. Es constata com en els líquids, en comparació amb els filaments, la complexitat del treball en processos de FA és més elevada, i es determinen formes d’imprimir materials molt tous. Per acabar, s’exposen sis casos reals de col·laboració amb l’HJSD, una selecció d’aquells en els que el doctorand ha intervingut en els darrers anys. L’origen es troba en la dificultat de l’abordatge d’operacions de resecció de tumors infantils com el neuroblastoma, i a la iniciativa del Dr. Lucas Krauel. Finalment, el Bloc 3 té per objecte explorar nombrosos conceptes (fins a 8), activitat completada al llarg dels darrers cinc anys amb el suport dels mitjans del CIM UPC i de l’activitat associada a treballs finals d’estudis d’estudiants de la UPC, arribant-se a materialitzar equipaments experimentals per validar-los. La recerca ampla i sistemàtica al respecte fa que s’estigui més a prop de disposar d’una solució d’impressió 3D multimaterial de sobretaula. Es determina que la millor via de progrés és la de disposar d’una pluralitat de capçals independents a fi de capacitar la impressora 3D per integrar diversos conceptes estudiats, materialitzant-se una possible solució. Cloent la tesi, es planteja com seria un equipament d’impressió 3D per a models d’assaig quirúrgic, a fi de servir de base per a futurs desenvolupaments.<br>La presente tesis doctoral se ha centrado en el reto de conseguir, mediante Fabricación
Aditiva (FA), modelos para ensayo quirúrgico, bajo la premisa que los equipos para
obtenerlos tendrían que ser accesibles al ámbito hospitalario. El objetivo es facilitar la
extensión del uso de modelos como herramienta de preparación de operaciones
quirúrgicas, transformando la práctica médica actual de la misma manera que, en su
momento, lo hicieron tecnologías como las que facilitaron el uso de radiografías. El
motivo de utilizar FA, en lugar de tecnologías más tradicionales, es su capacidad de
materializar de forma directa los datos digitales obtenidos de la anatomía del paciente
mediante sistemas de escaneado tridimensional, haciendo posible la obtención de
modelos personalizados.
Los resultados se centran en la generación de nuevo conocimiento para conseguir
equipamientos de impresión 3D multimateriales accesibles que permitan la obtención de
modelos miméticos respecto a los tejidos vivos. Para facilitar la buscada extensión de la
tecnología, se ha focalizado en las tecnologías de código abierto como la Fabricación
por Hilo Fundido (FFF) y similares basadas en líquidos catalizables. Esta investigación
se alinea dentro de la actividad de desarrollo de la FA en el CIM UPC, y en este ámbito
concreto con la colaboración con el Hospital Sant Joan de Déu de Barcelona (HSJD).
El primer bloque de la tesis incluye la descripción del estado del arte, detallando las
tecnologías existentes y su aplicación al entorno médico. Se han establecido por primera
vez unas bases de caracterización de los tejidos vivos – principalmente blandos – para
dar apoyo a la selección de materiales que los puedan mimetizar en un proceso de FA, a
efectos de mejorar la experiencia de ensayo de los cirujanos. El carácter rígido de los
materiales mayoritariamente usados en impresión 3D los hace poco útiles para simular
tumores y otras referencias anatómicas. De forma sucesiva, se tratan parámetros como
la densidad, la viscoelasticidad, la caracterización de materiales blandos en la industria,
el estudio del módulo elástico de tejidos blandos y vasos, la dureza de los mismos, y
requerimientos como la esterilización de los modelos.
El segundo bloque empieza explorando la impresión 3D mediante FFF. Se clasifican las
variantes del proceso desde el punto de vista de la multimaterialidad, esencial para hacer
modelos de ensayo quirúrgico, diferenciando entre soluciones multiboquilla y de mezcla
en el cabezal. Se ha incluido el estudio de materiales (filamentos y líquidos) que serían
más útiles para mimetizar tejidos blandos. Se constata como en los líquidos, en
comparación con los filamentos, la complejidad del trabajo en procesos de FA es más
elevada, y se determinan formas de imprimir materiales muy blandos. Para acabar, se
exponen seis casos reales de colaboración con el HJSD, una selección de aquellos en los
que el doctorando ha intervenido en los últimos años. El origen se encuentra en la
dificultad del abordaje de operaciones de resección de tumores infantiles como el
neuroblastoma, y en la iniciativa del Dr. Lucas Krauel.
Finalmente, el Bloque 3 desarrolla numerosos conceptos (hasta 8), actividad completada a lo largo de los últimos cinco años con el apoyo de los medios del CIM UPC y de la actividad asociada a trabajos finales de estudios de estudiantes de la UPC, llegándose a materializar equipamientos experimentales para validarlos. La investigación amplia y sistemática al respecto hace que se esté más cerca de disponer de una solución de impresión 3D multimaterial de sobremesa. Se determina que la mejor vía de progreso es la de disponer de una pluralidad de cabezales independientes, a fin de capacitar la impresora 3D para integrar diversos conceptos estudiados, materializándose una posible solución.
Para cerrar la tesis, se plantea cómo sería un equipamiento de impresión 3D para
modelos de ensayo quirúrgico, a fin de servir de base para futuros desarrollos.
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Urli, Elda Kristina. "A study of the effectiveness of chiropractic spinal manipulation on its own versus chiropractic spinal manipulation combined with other treatment modalities used in a chiropractic practice, in the management of mechanical low back pain in nurses." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/2743.
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Dissertation submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master's Diploma in Technology: Chiropractic at Technikon Natal, 1995.<br>The efficacy of chiropractic spinal manipulation on its own versus chiropractic spinal manipulation combined with other treatment modalities used in a chiropractic practice was evaluated in a single blind, randomised, controlled trial using a patient population of thirty nurses who were experiencing mechanical low back pain<br>M
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VRZALOVÁ, Monika. "Role sestry ve screeningu deprese u seniorů." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-260905.
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The diploma thesis deals with problems of depression in older people. Mainly the work is focused on identifying and analyzing the role of nurses in screening for depression in older people in primary care, acute care, long-term care and home care. This thesis was focused on theoretical direction and was used the method of design and demonstration. In this thesis was set one main goals with five research questions. The main goal was to identify and analyze the role of nurses in screening for depression in the elderly. RQ 1: What is the role of the nurse in screening for depression in the elderly? RQ 2: What is the role of the nurse in the primary care in screening for depression in the elderly? RQ 3: What is the role of the nurse in screening for depression in hospitalized patients in acute care? RQ 4: What is the role of the nurse in screening for depression in seniors in long-term and home care? RQ 5: What rating scales and methods are used in screening for depression in the elderly? The thesis introduce the concept of depression. The following are specified the causes of and the important factors that affect depression in the elderly. It also deals the differences in the clinical symptomatology of depression in old age. It explains possibilities and various barriers in the diagnosis of depression. Another chapter introduces complete geriatric examination, diagnostic classification systems, possible screening methods and scales for detection of depression in the elderly population. It also deals methods of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment and its possible complications associated with older age. By reason of increased suicide rate caused by depressive disorder the issue of suicidal behavior in the elderly is introduced. The next chapter deals with the nursing process, which is used by nurses in practice. It consists of the evaluation of the patient's health condition, making nursing diagnosis, creating nursing plan and subsequent implementation and evaluation. The nursing process is also needy for providing quality care. The nursing process in the stage of nursing diagnosis, introduces possible nursing diagnosis for a patient suffering from depression, which are based on the latest classification. Finally is described the role of nurses in screening for depression in the elderly in different health facilities and their contribution to the timely evaluation of depression in the elderly. This chapter introduces the role of nurses, nursing screening and collaboration with a physician. The role of nurses in screening for depression in different medical facilities is based on the first phase of the nursing process of assessment. On the basis of objective and subjective information, the nurse will assess the overall health and mental condition of the patient. Primarily, it was investigated what is the role of the nurse in screening for depression. On the basis of content analysis and synthesis it was necessary to used and processed domestic and foreign literature. A number of relevant sources are the results of various studies and Meta-analyzes, mostly from abroad, but also from the Czech Republic. The thesis can serve as a basis for nurses. The result of this thesis is to create e-learning material available for students in the Faculty of Health and Social Sciences of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice in the tutorial called Moodle.
Books on the topic "Which is used by nurses in practice"
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Association, American Nurses. Model practice act. American Nurses Publishing, 1996.
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Association, American Nurses. Licensure to practice nursing. American Nurses' Association, 1979.
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Association, American Nurses. Standards, gerontological nursing practice. ANA, 1976.
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American Nurses Association. Division on Medical-Surgical Nursing Practice., ed. Standards, medical-surgical nursing practice. The Association, 1974.
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Association, American Nurses'. Standards of rehabilitation nursing practice. American Nurses' Association, 1986.
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Association, American Nurses'. Standards of orthodpedic nursing practice. The Association, 1975.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Which is used by nurses in practice"
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Atkinson, Deborah, and Jane McGrath. "Decision Making in Adult Nursing." In Nursing: Decision-Making Skills for Practice. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199641420.003.0020.
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This chapter explores clinical decision making in the field of adult nursing practice. It draws upon the actual experiences of a third-year student nurse prior to qualifying as a nurse, to provide real-world examples of the types of decision that you, as a student nurse, will face whilst out on placement and once qualified. The case studies include learning exercises for you to complete, which aim to explore how you might have addressed the situation and made decisions. This will help you to develop skills for safer professional practice and to put the patient at the centre of your decision making. The role of the nurse has grown significantly over recent years as a result of changes in health policy, enabling the nurse to take on far greater levels of responsibility, such as independent nurse prescribing and advanced levels of nursing practice. This has resulted in nurses working in an increasingly complex clinical environment. On a daily basis, nurses are required to make decisions in relation to the care that they provide and how they manage their individual workloads (Banning 2005). As such, clinical judgement is considered to be an essential skill (Tanner 2006). Nurses now have far greater independence over their decisions in clinical practice owing to the influence of the changing policy context (Thompson 2001). However, this level of independence brings increased responsibility to the nurse, who will be judged and held accountable for his or her actions. Nurses are frequently required to make decisions in practice, often with limited information available to them (Ellis 1997). This requires critical thinking and problem-solving abilities, which are important elements of student nurse education (Garrett 2005). Clinical decision making is a highly complicated process, not yet fully understood, and there is considerable debate relating to its constructs and definitions evident in the literature (Shabban 2005). Furthermore, a variety of terms are used interchangeably within the literature referring to clinical decision making, which demonstrates a lack of consensus and may cause confusion: ‘clinical judgement’, ‘clinical decision making’, and ‘clinical reasoning’ are phrases used interchangeably to discuss and describe similar activity (Maharmeh 2011).
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Roberts, Deborah. "Making Decisions as A Student: Decision-Making Opportunities." In Nursing: Decision-Making Skills for Practice. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199641420.003.0009.
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This chapter introduces the underlying principles of decision making. You will be encouraged to consider decision making as a student in university together with decision making as a student nurse (see Chapter 1 ). In 2010, following a review of pre-registration nursing education, the professional body for nursing in the United Kingdom, the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC), published new Standards for Pre-Registration Nursing Education , including competencies that all students must achieve to qualify as a registered nurse. These competencies have to be met in four broad areas known as ‘domains’. 1. Professional values 2. Communication and interpersonal skills 3. Nursing practice and decision making 4. Leadership, management, and team working You will find reference to these domains throughout the book, and there will be an opportunity to learn how the competencies in each of these that relate to decision making can be linked to your clinical and university-based learning. There are a number of terms that can be found in the literature that are often used interchangeably; you may see terms such as ‘decision making’, ‘problem solving’, ‘clinical reasoning’ or ‘clinical judgement’, and others used when writers are discussing how and why nurses respond to clinical situations in a particular way (see Chapter 1 for more detail). For example, Levett-Jones et al. (2010: 515) provide a helpful definition of clinical reasoning as ‘the process by which nurses collect cues, process the information, come to an understanding of a patient problem or situation, plan and implement interventions, evaluate outcomes, and reflect on and learn from the process’. They also emphasize that a nurse’s ability to develop these clinical reasoning skills depends on what they term as ‘five rights’—that is, the nurse’s ability ‘to collect the right cues and to take the right action for the right patient at the right time and for the right reason’. In the context of ensuring that any patient receives the best possible care, these ‘five rights’ are very appropriate, and indeed if one were to fail to pick up on the right cues and to take the appropriate actions in many clinical situations, the outcome may have serious repercussions for the nurse and the patient.
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Dowding, Dawn, Rebecca Randell, Natasha Mitchell, Rebecca Foster, Valerie Lattimer, and Carl Thompson. "Clinical Decision Support Systems in Nursing." In Nursing and Clinical Informatics. IGI Global, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-234-3.ch003.
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Increasingly, new and extended roles and responsibilities for nurses are being supported through the introduction of clinical decision support systems (CDSS). This chapter provides an overview of research on nurses’ use of CDSS, considers the impact of CDSS on nurse decision making and patient outcomes, and explores the socio-technical factors that impact the use of CDSS. In addition to summarising previous research, both on nurses’ use of CDSS and on use of CDSS more generally, the chapter presents the results of a multi-site case study that explored how CDSS are used by nurses in practice in a range of contexts. The chapter takes a socio-technical approach, exploring the barriers and facilitators to effective CDSS use at a level of the technology itself, the ways people work, and the organisations in which they operate.
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Dowding, Dawn, Rebecca Randell, Natasha Mitchell, Rebecca Foster, Valerie Lattimer, and Carl Thompson. "Clinical Decision Support Systems in Nursing." In Business Information Systems. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61520-969-9.ch063.
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Increasingly, new and extended roles and responsibilities for nurses are being supported through the introduction of clinical decision support systems (CDSS). This chapter provides an overview of research on nurses’ use of CDSS, considers the impact of CDSS on nurse decision making and patient outcomes, and explores the socio-technical factors that impact the use of CDSS. In addition to summarising previous research, both on nurses’ use of CDSS and on use of CDSS more generally, the chapter presents the results of a multi-site case study that explored how CDSS are used by nurses in practice in a range of contexts. The chapter takes a socio-technical approach, exploring the barriers and facilitators to effective CDSS use at a level of the technology itself, the ways people work, and the organisations in which they operate.
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Warne, Tony, and Gareth Holland. "Mental Health Nursing and Decision Making." In Nursing: Decision-Making Skills for Practice. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199641420.003.0018.
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The chapter first explores the issues involved in how and why mental health nurses come to learn about the decisions that they need to take in clinical practice, and why these are crucial to the establishment and maintenance of therapeutic relationships. It must be noted that various terms will be used throughout this chapter that refer to individuals requiring care and support from nurses—that is, ‘patients’, ‘service users’, and ‘clients’. We will also explore some of the challenges and tensions that can arise when there is a difference between what the professional and the service user might feel is the right decision. Reference is made to the prevailing mental health legislation in the United Kingdom and, in particular, the legislation around care being provided possibly against an individual’s wishes and while he or she is living in the community. If you are not living or studying in the UK, you should seek out the relevant legislation that applies to your country. You might want to see where the similarities and differences are between that and the UK legislation. The chapter concludes with a discussion of how the mental health nurse can ensure that inclusive and informed decision making leads to safe, secure, and effective mental health care. By means of the case studies and the discussion, it will enable you, as the student nurse, to learn how different kinds of decision making can influence outcomes of care, and it will also help you to work towards achieving the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) competencies as they relate to decision making in nursing practice. Note that while the case studies are based on real-life examples of decision-making situations, all names in the case studies have been changed, in keeping with The Code: Standards of Conduct, Performance and Ethics for Nurses and Midwives (NMC 2008). Mental health nurse education, practice, and research have long championed innovative approaches to improving our understanding of the impact, on individuals, the communities in which they live, and wider society, of the decisions and actions taken in the name of therapeutic endeavour.
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Jim, Chapman, and Cheryl Chessum. "Fundamental skills of mental health nursing." In Fundamentals of Mental Health Nursing. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199547746.003.0008.
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A mental health nurse practises the skill and craft of their role in a variety of different settings to reflect the varied range of services provided in today’s mental health services. Whatever the setting or nature of the mental health problem, a set of adaptable mental health nursing skills will be required to enable the nurse to facilitate the safe and effective care of the service user. This care is expected to be individually tailored to the needs of the service user, developed (with only occasional exceptions) collaboratively with the service user, and evaluated with the service user and key partners in care. The principles of the nurse’s practice have to be underpinned and informed by the policies and guidelines that shape contemporary and future services. In the UK, nurses must respond to the essential capabilities (Department of Health 2006a) and the Chief Nursing Officer’s review of mental health nursing (Department of Health 2006b) in order to deliver a service that reflects the reform and quality improvements expected in modern mental health services. Practical skills have to be backed up by a strong knowledge base, with nurses knowing why they do what they do and being able to explain their actions whenever called upon to do so. Where possible and available, what mental health nurses do needs to be done on the basis of the most up-to-date evidence or guidance, which comes in many forms (Sainsbury Centre for Mental Health 2004, National Institute for Clinical Health and Excellence 2004a, Nursing and Midwifery Council 2008a and 2008b). As not all the scenarios that nurses encounter have a textbook answer, it is important that other complementary skills are developed to help them make decisions and deal with scenarios for which there is no clear and obvious answer available. These skills include: • Reasoning using principles and frameworks to weigh up a situation, e.g. ‘To adhere to the NMC Code of Conduct, what do I need to be aware of in this case?’ • Reflecting in or on practice (Schön 1987, Rolfe and Freshwater 2001, Johns 2004) to get a deeper understanding of situations and your own reactions and judgements, especially those values and attitudes you hold that may cause conflict with service users and significant others.
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Hart, Sue, and Eva Scarlett. "Decision Making in Learning Disability Nursing." In Nursing: Decision-Making Skills for Practice. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199641420.003.0021.
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This chapter focuses on exploring decision making in the learning disability nursing field of practice. Previous chapters have covered the background about decision making, the principles, tools, and the use of evidence, as well as the way in which decision making fits in with the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) Standards for Pre-Registration Nursing Education (NMC 2010) and competencies. The content of these early chapters and learning will help you to build your understanding of the issues when applied particularly to learning disability nursing skills in practice. This chapter also follows those addressing decision making in mental health nursing, children and young people’s nursing, and adult nursing. This ‘separating out’ of the fields of practice is helpful to give particular clarity and focus to issues relevant within them. It is, however, equally important to remind you that these apparently clear-cut distinctions between the disciplines are not necessarily reflected in practice, and that clients and patients do not always fit neatly into these artificial ‘boxes’. People with a learning disability have a right to equal treatment from registered nurses in adult and mental health settings, and children and young people with learning disabilities should expect the same standard of care as their typically developing peers. The NMC’s The Code: Standards of Conduct, Performance and Ethics for Nurses and Midwives (NMC 2008: 3) reminds us that ‘You must not discriminate in any way against those in your care’ and that ‘You must treat people as individuals and respect their dignity’. So, whatever your chosen future field of practice, please read on, because when people with learning disabilities require nursing, they are—and always will be—your responsibility too. Case study 12.1 has been chosen intentionally to highlight the partnership working and decision making that can go on between adult nurse specialists and learning disability nurses. The underpinning value base of decision making in learning disability nursing today is best understood with brief reference to the past. It is in recent memory for many service users that ‘home’ was a long-stay hospital ward or villa, which, despite the best efforts of nursing staff, would invariably be managed along quite regimented lines.
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Lunat, Aatefa, and Denise Major. "Decision Making in Children’s and Young People’s Nursing Practice." In Nursing: Decision-Making Skills for Practice. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199641420.003.0019.
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The purpose of this chapter is to address decision making in the field of children’s and young people’s nursing practice in relation to the field-specific competencies outlined by the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) in the Standards for Pre-Registration Nursing Education (NMC 2010). In order to explore these competencies further, we will consider examples from practice, and links will be made between the various examples from practice and the competencies in order to demonstrate their importance. To allow an in-depth exploration of the examples from practice, we will use Johns’ (1994) model of reflection. ‘Reflection’ is described as a means by which nurses can closely examine their theoretical knowledge along with their nursing practice (Johns 2000). The process of reflection has been found to have great benefits for nurses, because it allows them the opportunity to change and develop practice in order to carry out improved care practices (O’Regan and Fawcett 2006). In this chapter, the evidence of decision making has been interlinked with critical evidence-based reflective practice, and demonstrates its integration and development in the role of the newly qualified nurse. The chapter will begin by discussing examples derived from practice, and key aspects from these examples will be taken and related to the NMC Standards (NMC 2010). The chapter will then go on to discuss key elements required to make decisions in clinical practice. The evidence base for many of the decisions taken in the case study is interwoven throughout the narrative, thus enabling you see how they link together in nursing practice. Centred on a newly qualified staff nurse on the neonatal unit, the single case study around which this chapter is structured considers the care of a sick neonate whose parents were adolescents. This example was chosen because it illustrates many aspects of caring decisions that have to be made for patients from birth through adolescence, because the parents themselves were still in the later stages of childhood. The case study itself appears as dialogue, and the Standards and competencies referred to are those generic and field-specific competencies that a student pursuing a children’s nursing field-of-practice pathway is required to achieve, found under the heading ‘Competencies for entry to the register: Children’s nursing’ in the NMC Standards (NMC 2010).
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Brooks, Jane. "Negotiating the boundaries of nursing practice." In Negotiating nursing. Manchester University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526119063.003.0005.
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The chapter examines the changes to the dominion of nursing work on active service overseas. The chapter first explores the extensions to the nursing role, most particularly the care of wounds and burns. This is followed by a discussion of the expansion of nursing duties into those that had hitherto been the domain of medicine. These roles include the commencement and management of blood transfusions, surgical work and anaesthesia. Finally the chapter considers ‘new work’, the most critical of which was the administration and use of penicillin. The constantly shifting requirements of war nursing prevented Army nurses from remaining in a professional comfort zone of accepted roles and regimes. The experience of living with uncertainty may have caused anxieties for some, but the active participation in new treatment modalities suggests that nurses who went to war were keen to move beyond the normal boundaries of nursing practice and many relished the opportunity to do so. The chapter argues that the developments in practice and the increased confidence nursing sisters displayed with this new work altered their working relationships with medical officers from one of deference to one of collegiality, enabling more productive decisions for their soldier-patients’ care.
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Ugboma, Debra, and Michelle Cowen. "Managing Hydration." In Adult Nursing Practice. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199697410.003.0030.
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This chapter addresses the fundamental nursing role of managing hydration. Water is a basic nutrient and is essential to sustaining human life. In the developed world, we often take for granted the basic commodity of clean and plentiful water, but in other parts of the world water can have a profound effect on human health, in both the reduction and the transmission of disease (World Health Organization, 2011). For health, body water and electrolytes must be maintained within a limited range of tolerances. For nurses working in acute or primary care settings anywhere in the world, it is important to have a clear understanding of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis to assess haemodynamic status, to anticipate and recognize deterioration in status, and to implement appropriate corrective interventions. Developing knowledge and associated skills around this topic will be facilitated by reflecting upon your clinical experiences as a student or as a qualified nurse, and your ability to link theory and practice. Your basic foundation of knowledge should include an understanding of how fluid is gained and lost from the body, the distribution of water between different compartments within the body, the processes by which fluid and electrolytes move between the intracellular and extracellular environments (Pocock and Richards, 2009; Cowen and Ugboma, 2011), and knowledge of the different types of intravenous replacement fluid (Endacott et al., 2009: 249–73). Equally important is an insight into the use of criteria such as clinical/ outcome indicators and benchmarking, what to use on what occasions, and how to use such tools to your best advantage. Armed with this knowledge, you will be well equipped to assess each patient’s needs and to make clinical decisions about the most appropriate evidence-based nursing interventions to be used. The state of water balance within the body is principally maintained by the osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus. These are best described as ‘sensors’ that detect the osmolarity (concentration) of the blood to stimulate or suppress the thirst mechanism, as well as regulate the amount of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) released by the posterior pituitary gland. When a person is becoming dehydrated, the thirst centre will be stimulated and usually he or she will seek fluid to rehydrate him or herself.
Conference papers on the topic "Which is used by nurses in practice"
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Balázsiová, Zuzana. "HOW MUCH DO NURSES REMEMBER FROM SCHOOL PHYSICS? SOME RESULTS OF COMPARING ANALYSIS." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Baltic Symposium on Science and Technology Education (BalticSTE2017). Scientia Socialis Ltd., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/balticste/2017.18.
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The aim of this research is to determine the level of elementary physical knowledge, which can be used for solving the problem of nursing task. For this purpose original didactic test was used, which contained tasks from elementary physics and tasks of nursing, too. It was found, that nurses minimally remembered physical knowledge. Nurses preferred to solve practical nursing tasks only by using nursing knowledge. Decoupling physical and nursing knowledge may cause the increased risk of damage to health nurses and patients. Keywords: knowledge retention, solving of practical nursing tasks, physical knowledge in nursing.
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Sallam, Naglaa, Reham Hassan, Alaedine Shurrab, Yasser Al Deeb, and Mujahed Shraim. "Reducing the Incidence of Exposure to Blood and Body Fluids." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0184.
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Methods: We used a Pareto chart to identify priority areas for our project based on magnitude of incidence of BBF exposures. A driver diagram was developed with four main primary drivers including risk awareness, attitudes and practice, staff experience, and leadership engagement. Intervention ramps and changes were implemented using multiple PDSA cycles addressing staff knowledge and awareness about BBF exposure prevention and management using surveys and learning brochures and assessment of staff compliance with safe practice. The project included the following measures (i) outcome measure: number of days between BBF exposure incidents; (ii) Process measures: BBF exposure risk awareness score, attitude and practice score, and proportion of staff compliant with BBF exposure safe practice; (iii) BBF reporting exposure score and proportion of staff satisfied with BBF exposure prevention and management policy. Ethical approval of the project was not required. Results: About 80% of BBF exposure incidents were due to needlestick injuries. Emergency unit, operating theatre, hemodialysis unit, laboratory unit, and utility services accounted for 80% of all BBF exposure incidents. Around 47% of the incidents occurred among nurses. Our project was associated with increase in attitude and safe practice score form 75% to 100%. The compliance with safe practice increased from 77% to 86%, and reporting of exposure increased from 75% to 100%. Staff satisfaction increased from 65% at baseline to 96%. Knowledge about prevention and management of BBF exposure (safe practice) increased from 60% to 92% in the hemodialysis unit. However, the median number of days between BBF exposures increased from 13 days at baseline to 18 days in May 2019. Conclusion: Our quality improvement project has identified the priorities clinical areas accounting for the majority of BBF exposure incident. The initial phase of the project in hemodialysis unit was associated with significant increase in knowledge scores about prevention and management of BBF exposure, compliance with safe practice, and staff satisfaction. In addition, the project was associated with significant increase in reporting of BBF exposure, which explains why we were not able to increase the median number of days between BBF exposures to 50 days. We have started spreading our interventions and change ideas to other units in Al-Khor general Hospital. Quality improvement projects can reduce the incidence of BBF exposure having the priority areas identified and the relevant drivers are addressed appropriately
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Seppänen, Tommi, Jouni Alhainen, Esko Arilahti, and Jussi Solin. "Direct Strain-Controlled Variable Strain Rate Low Cycle Fatigue Testing in Simulated PWR Water." In ASME 2016 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2016-63294.
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A tailored-for-purpose environmental fatigue testing facility was previously developed to perform direct strain-controlled tests on stainless steel in simulated PWR water. Strain in specimen mid-section is generated by the use of pneumatic bellows, and eddy current measurement is used as a feedback signal. The procedure conforms with the ASTM E 606 practice for low cycle fatigue, giving results which are directly compatible with the major NPP design codes. Past studies were compiled in the NUREG/CR-6909 report and environmental reduction factors Fen were proposed to account for fatigue life reduction in hot water as compared to a reference value in air. This database exclusively contained non-stabilized stainless steels, mainly tested under stroke control. The applicability of the stainless steel Fen factor for stabilized alloys was already challenged in past papers (PVP2013-97500, PVP2014-28465). The results presented in this paper follow the same overall trend of lower experimental values (4.12–11.46) compared to those expected according to the NUREG report (9.49–10.37). In this paper results of a dual strain rate test programme on niobium stabilized AISI 347 type stainless steel are presented and discussed in the context of the NUREG/CR-6909 Fen methodology. Special attention is paid to the effect of strain signal on fatigue life, which according to current prediction methods does not affect the value of Fen.
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Srivastava, Astha, Bindiya Gupta, Vikas Lakha, and Shilpa Singh. "Study on cervical cancer screening amongst nurses." In 16th Annual International Conference RGCON. Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Private Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1685284.
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Objective: To study the knowledge, attitude and practice of nurses at tertiary centre regarding cervical cancer screening. Material and Methods: Validated questionnaire was circulated amongst staff nurses at tertiary care centre after taking informed consent. Results and Discussion: Cancer of cervix is the most common genital tract malignancy in female and it is ranked second to breast cancer. It has a positive association with HPV infection. Cervical cancer incidence and mortality have declined substantially following introduction of screening programmes. This present study investigated the knowledge, attitude and practice of nurses at GTB Hospital towards cervical cancer risk factors, sign & symptoms and screening as they are important health professionals. In our study, the results showed that 99% of respondents were aware of Pap smear as screening programme and about 60-70% were aware of HPV as positive organism, but most of them never had a Pap smear done before. Majority of them did not know VIA, VILI and colposcopy as screening techniques. Conclusion: It may thus be recommended that institutions should periodically organize seminars and training for health personnel especially the nurses which form a group of professionals that should give health education to women about cervical cancer.
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Faizah, Umu. "Interprofesional Collaborative Practice in Healthcare of Low-Birth-Weight Cases." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.37.
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ABSTRACT Background: Inter-professional health care providers play an essential role in the treatment of Low Birth Weight (LBW) cases. Collaboration between doctors, nurses, midwives and social service providers is significant for the care of LBW. This study aimed to find out the role and barriers of inter-professional health practice collaboration in LBW care cases. Subjects and Method: A scoping review was conducted by selecting published articles years 2004-2019, from PubMed, EBSCO, Willey, Science Direct databases. The inclusion criteria were full text and using English or Indonesian language. Keywords used low birth weight, delay of referral, health workers, and inter-professional collaboration. The data were analyzed by PRISMA flow diagram. Results: 9 articles were selected from 2,407. There were 2 main issues related to low birth weight management, including role and barrier of inter-professional collaboration. Common barriers to inter-professional collaboration were lack of knowledge, health personnel abstinence, delay of referral, and poor access to health service. Conclusion: Role and low barrier of inter-professional collaboration are essential to provide good LBW management. Keywords: inter-professional collaboration, barriers, role, low birth weight Correspondence: Umu Faizah. Universitas ‘Aisyiyah Yogyakarta. Jl. Ringroad Barat No.63, Mlangi Nogotirto, Gamping, Area Sawah, Nogotirto, Gamping, Sleman district, Yogyakarta 55592. Email: aiezahfarizi300916@gmail.com Mobile: 081217831458 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.37
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Platts, N., P. Gill, S. Cruchley, E. Grieveson, and M. Twite. "Effect of Variable Temperature on the Fatigue Life and Crack Growth Rates of Austenitic Stainless Steels in PWR Coolant Environments." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-66029.
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The Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) primary coolant environment is known both to significantly reduce the fatigue life of austenitic stainless steels and to lead to enhanced fatigue crack propagation rates. Relationships for the impact of the PWR coolant environment on fatigue life have been presented in NUREG/CR-6909 using an environmental fatigue correction factor (Fen), which is a function of temperature. Fatigue crack growth behavior has been codified in ASME Code Case N-809 in terms of parameters such as rise time, stress intensity factor, load ratio and temperature. However, plant performance suggests that the application of these predicted environmental effects using current assessment procedures for fatigue for plant transient loading may be unduly pessimistic. One potential reason for this over-conservatism is thought to be that, although the majority of plant design transients result from variations in thermal loading, most available data are derived from isothermal testing. For the calculation of fatigue initiation life, NUREG/CR-6909 gives guidance on the effective temperature to be used in assessments of thermal transients. Recent results from Thermo-Mechanical Fatigue (TMF) testing on stainless steels in PWR coolant show that this guidance is conservative for out-of-phase cycling of temperature and loading, and potentially non-conservative for in-phase thermal loading. In contrast, code case N-809 gives no guidance on the effective temperature for fatigue crack growth assessments, resulting in maximum temperatures frequently being adopted for assessments of thermal transients. There is therefore a need for a clearer understanding of the impact of variable temperatures during transients on the predicted levels of environmental fatigue. This paper describes test facilities developed to permit measurements of both thermo-mechanical fatigue life and fatigue crack growth rates in pressurized water reactor environments. Initial test results obtained using these facilities are presented. The fatigue life data have been generated for a range of applied strain amplitudes, 0.45% to 1%, using temperature cycling between 100°C and 300°C. These data, for both in- and out-of-phase temperature and loading, are compared to the predictions of the “weighted Fen” model which is detailed in a separate paper, PVP2017-66030. Similarly, crack growth rate data generated for cycles between 140°C and 280°C are presented and comparisons made against the predictions of the “weighted K rate” (WKR) method detailed in paper PVP2017-65645. In both cases, the test results suggest that the weighted models are able to provide good predictions of an effective temperature to be used in fatigue assessment methods, which offer a significant improvement in the treatment of variable temperatures compared to current assessment practice.
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Doyle, W. James, Lauren S. Schambach, Marc V. Smith, Charles Field, and Christopher J. Hart. "Verification, Validation, and Best Practices for a High-Order, Potential-Flow Boundary Element Method." In SNAME 13th International Conference on Fast Sea Transportation. SNAME, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/fast-2015-005.
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Aegir is a medium-fidelity potential flow code that uses a high-order, non-uniform rational B-Spline (NURBS) based boundary-element method for the computation of steady and unsteady ship hydrodynamics. This paper documents verification and validation for Aegir in its steady-state wave resistance prediction mode and Aegir’s LEAPS to Aegir function. A set of best practice guidelines has been created to aid the user in selecting initial input parameters, which reduces the necessary time for verification. This paper also presents validation of the numerical solution versus physical experiments from publically available ship data sets. Aegir has become more prevalent in the naval ship design community and is now a part of the US Navy’s Integrated Hydrodynamic Design Environment (IHDE).
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Urick, Benjamin, Richard H. Crawford, Thomas J. R. Hughes, Elaine Cohen, and Richard F. Riesenfeld. "Reconstruction of Gap-Free Intersections for Trimmed NURBS Surfaces." In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98372.
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Abstract The modern engineering technologies of Computer-Aided Design (CAD), Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) and Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM) are ubiquitous in engineering design. They are focused on creating, analyzing, and fabricating objects represented as geometric models. Historically, these technologies developed independently, such that their geometric representations are customized to the needs of the technology. As a result, combined use of these technologies has led to differences in data structures, file formats, software constraints, and user knowledge and practice, requiring translation of representations between systems to support interoperability. Complicating this situation is the approximate nature of modeling operations in CAD systems, which can result in gaps at the boundary curves between mating trimmed surfaces of a model. The research presented here is aimed at removing the gaps between trimmed surfaces, resulting in a “watertight” model that is suitable for use directly by downstream applications. A three-step algorithm is presented that includes analysis of the parametric space of the trimming curves, reparameterization to create a global parameter space, and reconstruction of the intersecting surfaces to ensure continuity at the trimming curve.
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Penman, Joy, and Kerre A Willsher. "New Horizons for Immigrant Nurses Through a Mental Health Self-Management Program: A Pre- and Post-Test Mixed-Method Approach." In InSITE 2021: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences. Informing Science Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4759.
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Aim/Purpose: This research paper reports on the evaluation of a mental health self-management program provided to immigrant nurses working at various rural South Australian aged care services. Background: The residential aged care staffing crisis is severe in rural areas. To improve immigrant nurses’ employment experiences, a mental health self-management program was developed and conducted in rural and regional health care services in South Australia. Methodology: A mixed approach of pre- and post-surveys and post workshop focus groups was utilized with the objectives of exploring the experiences of 25 immigrant nurses and the impact of the mental health program. Feminist standpoint theory was used to interpret the qualitative data. Contribution: A new learning environment was created for immigrant nurses to learn about the theory and practice of maintaining and promoting mental health. Findings: Statistical tests showed a marked difference in responses before and after the intervention, especially regarding knowledge of mental health. The results of this study indicated that a change in thinking was triggered, followed by a change in behaviour enabling participants to undertake self-management strategies. Recommendations for Practitioners: Include expanding the workshops to cover more health care practitioners. Recommendations for Researchers: Feminist researchers must actively listen and examine their own beliefs and those of others to create knowledge. Extending the program to metropolitan areas and examining differences in data. E technology such as zoom, skype or virtual classrooms could be used. Impact on Society: The new awareness and knowledge would be beneficial in the family and community because issues at work can impact on the ability to care for the family, and there are often problems around family separation. Future Research: Extending the research to include men and staff of metropolitan aged care facilities.
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Nicolls, Barbara Anne, Maria Cassar, Corinne Scicluna, and Sharon Martinelli. "Charting the competency-based eportfolio implementation journey." In Seventh International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head21.2021.13183.
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As health professionals, nurses are responsible not only for staying abreast of current professional knowledge to provide effective care but also for managing their own career, professional growth and development. Nurse educators have acknowledged that eportfolios provide a means through which nurses can record and provide evidence of skills, achievements, experience, professional development and, on-going learning, not only for themselves, but for the information and scrutiny of registration boards, employers, managers and peers. Recognising that practices to support these activities that foster 21st century learning should ideally start during their student years, the authors explored eportfolios as a valuable learning device for on-going personal and professional development for fostering students’lifelong learning and enhancing continuous personal and professional development. This paper describes the critical success factors for successful implementation of the Google Sites Practice eportfolio embedded in the three-year BSc(Hons) Nursing Programme in Malta. Evidence-based practice of successful eportfolio implementors was examined and their methods adapted to ensure the initiative had a sound foundation and fit for purpose.The authors argue that to be successful, eportfolio implementation must primarily be strategic, holistic, supported and have senior management buy-in and secondarily, have a robust tool, good pedagogy, and skilled and enthusiastic staff. Keywords:nursing;competency;implementation;eportfolio;Malta;Nurse Education
Reports on the topic "Which is used by nurses in practice"
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Henrick, Erin, Steven McGee, Lucia Dettori, et al. Research-Practice Partnership Strategies to Conduct and Use Research to Inform Practice. The Learning Partnership, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51420/conf.2021.3.
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This study examines the collaborative processes the Chicago Alliance for Equity in Computer Science (CAFÉCS) uses to conduct and use research. The CAFÉCS RPP is a partnership between Chicago Public Schools (CPS), Loyola University Chicago, The Learning Partnership, DePaul University, and University of Illinois at Chicago. Data used in this analysis comes from three years of evaluation data, and includes an analysis of team documents, meeting observations, and interviews with 25 members of the CAFÉCS RPP team. The analysis examines how three problems are being investigated by the partnership: 1) student failure rate in an introductory computer science course, 2) teachers’ limited use of discussion techniques in an introductory computer science class, and 3) computer science teacher retention. Results from the analysis indicate that the RPP engages in a formalized problem-solving cycle. The problem-solving cycle includes the following steps: First, the Office of Computer Science (OCS) identifies a problem. Next, the CAFÉCS team brainstorms and prioritizes hypotheses to test. Next, data analysis clarifies the problem and the research findings are shared and interpreted by the entire team. Finally, the findings are used to inform OCS improvement strategies and next steps for the CAFÉCS research agenda. There are slight variations in the problem-solving cycle, depending on the stage of understanding of the problem, which has implications for the mode of research (e.g hypothesis testing, research and design, continuous improvement, or evaluation).
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Norsworthy, Sarah, Rebecca Shute, Crystal M. Daye, and Paige Presler-Jur. National Institute of Justice’s Forensic Technology Center of Excellence 2019 National Opioid and Emerging Drug Threats Policy and Practice Forum. Edited by Jeri D. Ropero-Miller and Hope Smiley-McDonald. RTI Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2020.cp.0011.2007.
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The National Institute of Justice (NIJ) and its Forensic Technology Center of Excellence (FTCoE) hosted the National Opioid and Emerging Drug Threats Policy and Practice Forum on July 18–19, 2019, in Washington, DC. The forum explored ways in which government agencies and programs, law enforcement officials, forensic laboratory personnel, medical examiners and coroners, researchers, and other experts can cooperate to respond to problems associated with drug abuse and misuse. Panelists from these stakeholder groups discussed ways to address concerns such as rapidly expanding crime laboratory caseloads; workforce shortages and resiliency programs; analytical challenges associated with fentanyl analogs and drug mixtures; laboratory quality control; surveillance systems to inform response; and policy related to stakeholder, research, and resource constraints. The NIJ Policy and Practice Forum built off the momentum of previous stakeholder meetings convened by NIJ and other agencies to discuss the consequences of this national epidemic, including the impact it has had on public safety, public health, and the criminal justice response. The forum discussed topics at a policy level and addressed best practices used across the forensic community.
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Mayas, Magda. Creating with timbre. Norges Musikkhøgskole, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22501/nmh-ar.686088.
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Unfolding processes of timbre and memory in improvisational piano performance This exposition is an introduction to my research and practice as a pianist, in which I unfold processes of timbre and memory in improvised music from a performer’s perspective. Timbre is often understood as a purely sonic perceptual phenomenon. However, this is not in accordance with a site-specific improvisational practice with changing spatial circumstances impacting the listening experience, nor does it take into account the agency of the instrument and objects used or the performer’s movements and gestures. In my practice, I have found a concept as part of the creating process in improvised music which has compelling potential: Timbre orchestration. My research takes the many and complex aspects of a performance environment into account and offers an extended understanding of timbre, which embraces spatial, material and bodily aspects of sound in improvised music performance. The investigative projects described in this exposition offer a methodology to explore timbral improvisational processes integrated into my practice, which is further extended through collaborations with sound engineers, an instrument builder and a choreographer: -experiments in amplification and recording, resulting in Memory piece, a series of works for amplified piano and multichannel playback - Piano mapping, a performance approach, with a custom-built device for live spatialization as means to expand and deepen spatio-timbral relationships; - Accretion, a project with choreographer Toby Kassell for three grand pianos and a pianist, where gestural approaches are used to activate and compose timbre in space. Together, the projects explore memory as a structural, reflective and performative tool and the creation of performing and listening modes as integrated parts of timbre orchestration. Orchestration and choreography of timbre turn into an open and hybrid compositional approach, which can be applied to various contexts, engaging with dynamic relationships and re-configuring them.
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Bizer, Kilian, and Martin Führ. Compact Guidelines: Practical Procedure in Interdisciplinary Institutional Analysis. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783941627451.
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These guidelines compactly describe how an interdisciplinary institutional analysis is to be implemented in practice: Which steps of analysis and control have to be taken? Which research questions are important and which role do empirical results play in the analysis?The description will be based on the requirements that the legislator has to fulfil with regard to the estimation of effects (as it is regulated in § 44 of the Joint Rules of Procedure of the Federal Ministries (Gemeinsame Ges-chäftsordnung der Bundesministerien, GGO) and in the guidelines of the Eu-ropean Commission). The steps of analysis and examination outlined in this paper can be equally used in relation to institutional design problems in companies (like the ad-justment of determining factors regarding ‘Governance, Risk Management, Compliance’ – GRC), associations or authorities. At the end of the compact guidelines, key terms of institutional analysis will be explained in a glossary. The glossary further contains recommendations on secondary literature.
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Camenzind, Lauren, Molly Kafader, Rachel Schwam, Mikayla Taylor, Zoie Wilkes, and Madison Williams. Space Retrieval Training for Memory Enhancement in Adults with Dementia. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/chp.mot2.2021.0013.
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The final portfolio contains 8 research articles from national and international journals. Study designs include one systematic review, one randomized control trial with pretest-posttest design, three small-scale randomized control trials, one quasi-experimental study with no control, one time-series study, and one case study. All studies relate directly to components of the evidence-based practice question and will be used to draft new recommendations for implementation regarding spaced retrieval training for memory enhancement in adults with dementia. Seven out of the eight articles looked at the effects of SR techniques on functional tasks. Articles looked at eating difficulty (1), independent use of walkers (1), iADL function (3), use of technology (1), and ADL function (1). One out of eight articles looked at benefits of spaced retrieval techniques on episodic memory, which is not necessarily a functional task, but is needed to perform functional tasks.
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Coulson, Saskia, Melanie Woods, Drew Hemment, and Michelle Scott. Report and Assessment of Impact and Policy Outcomes Using Community Level Indicators: H2020 Making Sense Report. University of Dundee, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.20933/100001192.
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Making Sense is a European Commission H2020 funded project which aims at supporting participatory sensing initiatives that address environmental challenges in areas such as noise and air pollution. The development of Making Sense was informed by previous research on a crowdfunded open source platform for environmental sensing, SmartCitizen.me, developed at the Fab Lab Barcelona. Insights from this research identified several deterrents for a wider uptake of participatory sensing initiatives due to social and technical matters. For example, the participants struggled with the lack of social interactions, a lack of consensus and shared purpose amongst the group, and a limited understanding of the relevance the data had in their daily lives (Balestrini et al., 2014; Balestrini et al., 2015). As such, Making Sense seeks to explore if open source hardware, open source software and and open design can be used to enhance data literacy and maker practices in participatory sensing. Further to this, Making Sense tests methodologies aimed at empowering individuals and communities through developing a greater understanding of their environments and by supporting a culture of grassroot initiatives for action and change. To do this, Making Sense identified a need to underpin sensing with community building activities and develop strategies to inform and enable those participating in data collection with appropriate tools and skills. As Fetterman, Kaftarian and Wanderman (1996) state, citizens are empowered when they understand evaluation and connect it in a way that it has relevance to their lives. Therefore, this report examines the role that these activities have in participatory sensing. Specifically, we discuss the opportunities and challenges in using the concept of Community Level Indicators (CLIs), which are measurable and objective sources of information gathered to complement sensor data. We describe how CLIs are used to develop a more indepth understanding of the environmental problem at hand, and to record, monitor and evaluate the progress of change during initiatives. We propose that CLIs provide one way to move participatory sensing beyond a primarily technological practice and towards a social and environmental practice. This is achieved through an increased focus in the participants’ interests and concerns, and with an emphasis on collective problem solving and action. We position our claims against the following four challenge areas in participatory sensing: 1) generating and communicating information and understanding (c.f. Loreto, 2017), 2) analysing and finding relevance in data (c.f. Becker et al., 2013), 3) building community around participatory sensing (c.f. Fraser et al., 2005), and 4) achieving or monitoring change and impact (c.f. Cheadle et al., 2000). We discuss how the use of CLIs can tend to these challenges. Furthermore, we report and assess six ways in which CLIs can address these challenges and thereby support participatory sensing initiatives: i. Accountability ii. Community assessment iii. Short-term evaluation iv. Long-term evaluation v. Policy change vi. Capability The report then returns to the challenge areas and reflects on the learnings and recommendations that are gleaned from three Making Sense case studies. Afterwhich, there is an exposition of approaches and tools developed by Making Sense for the purposes of advancing participatory sensing in this way. Lastly, the authors speak to some of the policy outcomes that have been realised as a result of this research.
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Mehrotra, Santosh. Monitoring India’s National Sanitation Campaign (2014–2020). Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2021.011.
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In 2011, India had more phone users (around 54 per cent of households) and television access (33 per cent) in rural areas than people with access to tap water (31 per cent) and toilet facilities (31 per cent), according to Census 2011. This clearly indicates the failure of government programmes to change the centuries-old practice of defecation in the open. This neglect of safe sanitation has had catastrophic outcomes in terms of human well-being. This case study is an analysis of the latest central government Swachch Bharat Mission - Gramin (Clean India Mission - Rural) (or SBM-G), which has achieved much greater success than any hitherto government effort in providing access to and use of toilets, especially in rural areas where the need is greatest. However, any conception of achieving ODF status, or free of open defecation, in a village (or any limited geography) is more than merely building toilets. The Sanitation Learning Hub commissioned case studies of sanitation campaigns in both India and Nepal, drawing out the lessons learnt for other countries wishing to implement similar initiatives. Both case studies focus on how target setting and feedback and reporting mechanisms can be used to increase the quality of campaigns.
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Appleyard, Bruce, Jonathan Stanton, and Chris Allen. Toward a Guide for Smart Mobility Corridors: Frameworks and Tools for Measuring, Understanding, and Realizing Transportation Land Use Coordination. Mineta Transportation Institue, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2020.1805.
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The coordination of transportation and land use (also known as “smart growth”) has been a long-standing goal for planning and engineering professionals, but to this day it remains an elusive concept to realize. Leaving us with this central question -- how can we best achieve transportation and land use coordination at the corridor level? In response, this report provides a review of literature and practice related to sustainability, livability, and equity (SLE) with a focus on corridor-level planning. Using Caltrans’ Corridor Planning Process Guide and Smart Mobility Framework as guideposts, this report also reviews various principles, performance measures, and place typology frameworks, along with current mapping and planning support tools (PSTs). The aim being to serve as a guidebook that agency staff can use for reference, synergizing planning insights from various data sources that had not previously been brought together in a practical frame. With this knowledge and understanding, a key section provides a discussion of tools and metrics and how they can be used in corridor planning. For illustration purposes, this report uses the Smart Mobility Calculator (https://smartmobilitycalculator. netlify.app/), a novel online tool designed to make key data easily available for all stakeholders to make better decisions. For more information on this tool, see https://transweb.sjsu.edu/research/1899-Smart-Growth-Equity-Framework-Tool. The Smart Mobility Calculator is unique in that it incorporates statewide datasets on urban quality and livability which are then communicated through a straightforward visualization planners can readily use. Core sections of this report cover the framework and concepts upon which the Smart Mobility Calculator is built and provides examples of its functionality and implementation capabilities. The Calculator is designed to complement policies to help a variety of agencies (MPOs, DOTs, and local land use authorities) achieve coordination and balance between transportation and land use at the corridor level.
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Phillips, Jake. Understanding the impact of inspection on probation. Sheffield Hallam University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7190/shu.hkcij.05.2021.
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This research sought to understand the impact of probation inspection on probation policy, practice and practitioners. This important but neglected area of study has significant ramifications because the Her Majesty’s Inspectorate of Probation has considerable power to influence policy through its inspection regime and research activities. The study utilised a mixed methodological approach comprising observations of inspections and interviews with people who work in probation, the Inspectorate and external stakeholders. In total, 77 people were interviewed or took part in focus groups. Probation practitioners, managers and leaders were interviewed in the weeks after an inspection to find out how they experienced the process of inspection. Staff at HMI Probation were interviewed to understand what inspection is for and how it works. External stakeholders representing people from the voluntary sector, politics and other non-departmental bodies were interviewed to find out how they used the work of inspection in their own roles. Finally, leaders within the National Probation Service and Her Majesty’s Prisons and Probation Service were interviewed to see how inspection impacts on policy more broadly. The data were analysed thematically with five key themes being identified. Overall, participants were positive about the way inspection is carried out in the field of probation. The main findings are: 1. Inspection places a burden on practitioners and organisations. Practitioners talked about the anxiety that a looming inspection created and how management teams created additional pressures which were hard to cope with on top of already high workloads. Staff responsible for managing the inspection and with leadership positions talked about the amount of time the process of inspection took up. Importantly, inspection was seen to take people away from their day jobs and meant other priorities were side-lined, even if temporarily. However, the case interviews that practitioners take part in were seen as incredibly valuable exercises which gave staff the opportunity to reflect on their practice and receive positive feedback and validation for their work. 2. Providers said that the findings and conclusions from inspections were often accurate and, to some extent, unsurprising. However, they sometimes find it difficult to implement recommendations due to reports failing to take context into account. Negative reports have a serious impact on staff morale, especially for CRCs and there was concern about the impact of negative findings on a provider’s reputation. 3. External stakeholders value the work of the Inspectorate. The Inspectorate is seen to generate highly valid and meaningful data which stakeholders can use in their own roles. This can include pushing for policy reform or holding government to account from different perspectives. In particular, thematic inspections were seen to be useful here. 4. The regulatory landscape in probation is complex with an array of actors working to hold providers to account. When compared to other forms of regulation such as audit or contract management the Inspectorate was perceived positively due to its methodological approach as well as the way it reflects the values of probation itself. 5. Overall, the inspectorate appears to garner considerable legitimacy from those it inspects. This should, in theory, support the way it can impact on policy and practice. There are some areas for development here though such as more engagement with service users. While recognising that the Inspectorate has made a concerted effort to do this in the last two years participants all felt that more needs to be done to increase that trust between the inspectorate and service users. Overall, the Inspectorate was seen to be independent and 3 impartial although this belief was less prevalent amongst people in CRCs who argued that the Inspectorate has been biased towards supporting its own arguments around reversing the now failed policy of Transforming Rehabilitation. There was some debate amongst participants about how the Inspectorate could, or should, enforce compliance with its recommendations although most people were happy with the primarily relational way of encouraging compliance with sanctions for non-compliance being considered relatively unnecessary. To conclude, the work of the Inspectorate has a significant impact on probation policy, practice and practitioners. The majority of participants were positive about the process of inspection and the Inspectorate more broadly, notwithstanding some of the issues raised in the findings. There are some developments which the Inspectorate could consider to reduce the burden inspection places on providers and practitioners and enhance its impact such as amending the frequency of inspection, improving the feedback given to practitioners and providing more localised feedback, and working to reduce or limit perceptions of bias amongst people in CRCs. The Inspectorate could also do more to capture the impact it has on providers and practitioners – both positive and negative - through existing procedures that are in place such as post-case interview surveys and tracking the implementation of recommendations.
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Sabogal-Cardona, Orlando, Lynn Scholl, Daniel Oviedo, Amado Crotte, and Felipe Bedoya. Not My Usual Trip: Ride-hailing Characterization in Mexico City. Inter-American Development Bank, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003516.
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With a few exceptions, research on ride-hailing has focused on North American cities. Previous studies have identified the characteristics and preferences of ride-hailing adopters in a handful of cities. However, given their marked geographical focus, the relevance and applicability of such work to the practice of transport planning and regulation in cities in the Global South is minimal. In developing cities, the entrance of new transport services follows very different trajectories to those in North America and Europe, facing additional social, economic, and cultural challenges, and involving different strategies. Moreover, the determinants of mode choice might be mediated by social issues such as the perception of crime and the risk of sexual harassment in public transportation, which is often experienced by women in large cities such as Mexico. This paper examines ride-hailing in the Metropolitan Area of Mexico City, unpacking the characteristics of its users, the ways they differ from users of other transport modes, and the implications for urban mobility. Building on the household travel survey from 2017, our analytical approach is based on a set of categorical models. Findings suggest that gender, age, education, and being more mobile are determinants of ride-hailing adoption. The analysis shows that ride-hailing is used for occasional trips, and it is usually done for leisure and health trips as well as for night trips. The study also reflects on ride-hailings implications for the way women access the city.