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Southwood, Helen. "A cultural history of Marischal Anthropological Museum in the twentieth century." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2003. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU602059.
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This thesis is the first in-depth exploration of the social, cultural and historical development of Marischal Museum throughout the twentieth century. The study explores a range of museum and archive sources to reconstruct the Museum's cultural history, and to highlight significant issues which make the Museum an important case study in historical museum studies. This thesis examines the changing nature of museums, and in particular, the shifting relationship between anthropology, empire and museums. Museums are considered here as hubs at the centres of complex and geographically wide-ranging social networks. Wider political and cultural changes are seen to be expressed in the architectural structure, collections and displays of the Museum. I explore these changes through an examination of the exhibition galleries, processes of acquisition, storage, classification and display from the early twentieth century to the present day (2003). A combination of cultural historical, anthropological and museological approaches are drawn upon to provide an in-depth analysis of Marischal Museum's internal social relations and cultural practices over time. The thesis argues that museums are shaped in important ways by their social, cultural and political contexts, as well as by the persons who create and use them. The internal processes of museums need to be understood as cultural historical processes involving social contacts, patterns of acquisition, classification, documentation, and decisions about gallery architecture and display. Analysis of these processes can shed light on public exhibitions, and the contemporary role of museums in society. It is argued that museums are more than repositories of material objects. Instead, the materiality of the museum sites, including their spatial dimensions and their diverse collections, is entirely bound up with the social relations of the people who have shaped the institution over time, and who continue to be referred to in the present practices at the Museum. The past informs the present in museums as they draw upon and reinterpret their histories.
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Harris, Kathryn Leann. "Innocent Victors| Atomic Identity at the American Museum of Science and Energy in Oak Ridge, Tennessee." Thesis, University of Massachusetts Boston, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13420363.
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In 2009, the American Museum of Science and Energy (AMSE) in Oak Ridge, Tennessee debuted an updated history exhibit about the town’s role as one of three secret cities in the Manhattan Project. The exhibit presented a celebratory tone in honor of the innocent people who unknowingly and victoriously participated in the construction of the atomic bomb that aided the Allies in their successful end of WWII. The exhibit omitted the larger national, political nuclear discussion that took place over the following sixty-five years, cementing a long-held victory culture identity. In a 2009 world, the AMSE exhibit seemed incomplete, if not obtuse. Innocent Victors traces the history of AMAE/AMSE to examine the social, cultural, and political path that resulted in the 2009 and final AMSE exhibits. An analysis of public history commemoration trends, America’s twentieth century identity politics, and a chronicle of historical interpretation in Oak Ridge reveal a divergence in understood commemoration practices. Established public history theory suggests that the official and vernacular voices form a dichotomous relationship when interpreting the historical narrative. This thesis holds significant implications for examining the intersections between community and government perspectives on the historical narrative. This study also unearths specific theoretical and methodological barriers to interpreting the atomic bomb at public spaces in the United States. Moreover, Innocent Victors presents a commentary on the ongoing national discussion about the past, present, and future placement of the atomic bomb in American politics, ideology, and society.
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Rieppel, Lukas Benjamin. "Dinosaurs: Assembling an Icon of Science." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10557.
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This dissertation examines how the modern dinosaur—fully mounted, freestanding assemblages of vertebrate fossils such as we are accustomed to seeing at the natural history museum—came into being during the late 19th and early 20th century, focusing especially on the United States. But it is not just, or even primarily a history of vertebrate paleontology. Rather, I use dinosaurs as an opportunity to explore how science was embedded in broader changes that were happening at the time. In particular, I am interested in tracing how the culture of modern capitalism—the ideals, norms, and practices that governed matters of value and exchange—manifested itself in the way fossils were collected, studied, and put on display. During the second half of the 19th century, America experienced an extended period of remarkable economic growth. By the eve of WWI, it had emerged as the world’s largest producer of goods and services. At the same time, paleontologists were unearthing the fossil remains of marvelous creatures the likes of which no one had ever dreamed in the American west. The discovery of dinosaurs like Brontosaurus, Stegosaurus, Tyrannosaurus, and Triceratops prompted the nation’s wealthy elite to begin cultivating an intense interest in vertebrate paleontology. In part, this is because dinosaurs meshed well with a conventional narrative that celebrated American exceptionalism. Dinosaurs from the United States were widely heralded as having been larger, fiercer, and more abundant than their European counterparts. Not only that, but their origins in the deep past meant that dinosaurs were associated with evolutionary theory, including the conventional notion that struggle was at the root of progress. Finally, it did not hurt that America’s best fossils hailed from places like Colorado, Wyoming, and Utah. This is precisely where most of the raw materials consumed by factories could also be found. As they coalesced into a coherent social class, American capitalists began to patronize a number of elite cultural institutions. Just as Gilded Age entrepreneurs invested considerable resources in the acquisition of artworks, so too did they invest in natural history. However, whereas the acquisition of artworks functioned as a display of refined aesthetic sensibilities, the collection of natural history specimens primarily represented another form of social distinction, one that combined epistemic virtues like objectivity with older notions of good stewardship and civic munificence. Capitalists who had grown rich off of the exploitation of America’s natural resources turned to dinosaur paleontology as a form of cultural resource extraction.History of Science
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Evans, Colleen R. "Developing a Collection Digitization Workflow for the Elm Fork Natural Heritage Museum." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500042/.
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Natural history collections house immense amounts of data, but the majority of data is only accessible by locating the collection label, which is usually attached to the physical specimen. This method of data retrieval is time consuming and can be very damaging to fragile specimens. Digitizing the collections is the one way to reduce the time and potential damage related to finding the collection objects. The Elm Fork Natural Heritage Museum is a natural history museum located at the University of North Texas and contains collections of both vertebrate and invertebrate taxa, as well as plants. This project designed a collection digitization workflow for Elm Fork by working through digitizing the Benjamin B. Harris Herbarium. The collection was cataloged in Specify 6, a database program designed for natural history collection management. By working through one of the museum’s collections, the project was able to identify and address challenges related to digitizing the museum’s holdings in order to create robust workflows. The project also produced a series of documents explaining common processes in Specify and a data management plan.
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Meyer, Morgan B. "Partially connected to science : the Luxembourg Museum of Natural History and its scientific collaborators." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.434528.
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Alberti, Samuel John Matthew Mayer. "Field, lab and museum : the practice and place of life science in Yorkshire, 1870-1904." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2001. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3512/.
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Later Victorian Yorkshire was home to a vigorous community of life science practitioners. In studying them, I reassess three dichotomies familiar to the contextualist historian of Victorian science: field and laboratory, science and society, and amateur and professional. I outline the refashioning of amateur and professional roles in life science, and I provide a revised historiography for the relationship between amateurs and professionals in this area and era. While exploring these issues, I examine the complex net of cultural and educational institutions where the sites for the practice of life science emerged and existed. Natural history practices shaded imperceptibly into other facets of civic culture. I present natural history as a leisure activity and as a resource utilised by the maturing provincial middle classes, one of a range of cultural activities within a network of voluntary associations. This thesis is arranged by institution: philosophical society, museum, civic college and field club. Each of these corresponds, loosely, to a site for science: respectively, lecture hall, museum, laboratory and field. The traditional `field versus lab' historiography ignores the many and varied sites for life science in this era, and conceals how far field-based natural history endured alongside the laboratory as it emerged as the hegemonic site for life science. I explore these and other issues by using the career of Louis C. Miall (1842-1921) as a narrative thread. Despite his activities as a lecturer, curator, field club president and laboratory biologist, Mall sought to construct a professional identity based solely on the authority of the laboratory, in contrast to that of the amateur naturalist. To take his partisan rhetoric at face value, however, is to ignore the variety and vitality of life science practices in Victorian Yorkshire.
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Tsai, Binghuan. "A museum of nature and science: the shaping of forms." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52126.
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Structures of perfect symmetry, order, and beauty exist in both discoveries of science and objects found in natures. With careful observation and analysis, creative applications of these interesting forms can be and have been applied in many architectural structures with great success.
In this project the utilization of these forms can not only bring out the purpose of this Museum of Nature and Science, but because these forms are derived from natural studies, they can also give viewers a sense of familiarity and peacefulness.Master of Architecture
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Tonn, Jenna Alexandra. "Museum, Laboratory, and Field Site: Graduate Training in Zoology at Harvard and Radcliffe Colleges, 1873-1934." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:23845445.
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This dissertation examines the development of graduate training in zoology at Harvard and Radcliffe Colleges under E. L. Mark between 1873 and 1934. It focuses on the changing spatial, institutional, and intellectual relationship between the Museum of Comparative Zoology and the Department of Zoology as a result of university-wide educational reforms that introduced teaching and research in the biological sciences to the curriculum in the nineteenth century.
Part I examines the Museum of Comparative Zoology’s relationship to the growth of elective instruction in natural history. Debates between the museum’s director, Alexander Agassiz, Harvard’s President Charles W. Eliot, and E. L. Mark hinged on the uncertain role that the museum was prepared to play as a site for undergraduate teaching. The creation of the department as an administrative unit in 1890, and the subsequent organization of the Department of Zoology, changed the balance of power between Agassiz and Mark and sparked demarcation conflicts over what counted as a teachable form of zoology.
Part II explores the scientific cultures of the Harvard and Radcliffe Zoological Laboratories. It addresses the laboratory as a physical site, a disciplinary space, a pedagogical tool, and a gendered social and scientific community. I reconstruct how Mark’s students experienced his idiosyncratic pedagogical system as part of their daily lives. A significant contribution of this dissertation is the examination of the Radcliffe Zoological Laboratory, a small room in the museum that Radcliffe College converted into a space for women pursuing zoological studies. Issues related to gender and debates about coeducation on campus reconfigured access to the practice of zoology, especially for Radcliffe graduate students.
Part III follows Mark’s laboratory to the field where he co-founded the Bermuda Biological Station for Research in 1903. Mark adapted his pedagogical systems to a new political and scientific environment in colonial British Bermuda. There, graduate training was understood through overlapping discourses of amateur natural history and middle-class leisure. Establishing a biological field station in an unpredictable colonial climate took priority over resistance to coeducation. This inadvertently turned the Bermuda station into an important destination for women seeking fieldwork experience in the twentieth century.History of Science
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Heider, Cynthia. "Sympathy and Science: Social Settlements and Museums Forging the Future through a Usable Past." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2018. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/512948.
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HistoryM.A.
Affiliates of the United States settlement house movement provided a historical precedent for engaged, community-centered museum practice. Their innovations upon the social survey, a key sociological data collection and data visualization tool, as well as their efforts to interpret results via innovative, culturally democratic exhibition techniques, had a contemporary impact on both museum practice and the history of social work. This impact resonates in the socially-responsive work of community museums of the recent past. The ethics of settlement methodology- including flexibility, experimentalism, empathetic practice, local community focus, and social justice activism- foreshadow the precepts and practices of what is now known as public history.
Temple University--Theses
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Vider, Jaanika. "Marginal anthropology? : rethinking Maria Czaplicka and the development of British anthropology from a material history perspective." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1e8a95a0-b3a8-4886-9e28-7a5fb4d111e3.
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This thesis explores the history of British anthropology at the start of the twentieth century through a biographical focus on Maria Antonina Czaplicka (1884-1921). The title calls into question the marginalisation of people and processes in the history of anthropology that do not explicitly contribute to the dominant lineage of British social anthropology and offers to add depth and nuance to the narrative through analysis stemming from material sources. I use Czaplicka as a case study to demonstrate how close attention to a seemingly marginal person with an incomplete and scattered archival record, can help formulate a clearer picture of what anthropology was and what it can thus become. My research contributes to the understanding and appreciation of women's involvement in anthropology, calls into question national borders of the discipline at this point in time, highlights the networks that nurtured it, and demonstrates the potential that museum collections have for an enriched understanding of the history of anthropology. I propose that history of anthropology is better understood through a planar approach that allows multiple parallel developments to exist together rather than envisaging a linear evolution towards a single definition of social anthropology. The project lays the groundwork for further research into the role that museums can have for understanding anthropological legacy and the possibilities they may have in creating fresh understandings of the contemporary world.
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Campbell, Louise. "Arkivverksamhet på museum. En studie av arkivverksamheten på Nationalmuseum och Upplandsmuseet." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of ALM, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-101441.
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Nikolaou, Polina. "The diaspora of Cypriot antiquities and the British Museum, 1860-1900." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/14988.
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This thesis examines the invention of Cyprus’ ancient history through the diaspora of Cypriot antiquities in the latter half of nineteenth century and the role of the modern museum in it (1860-1900). It maps the movement of the objects from their excavation sites, to their circulation in metropolitan museums and, finally to their display in museum galleries. In doing so this thesis explores the emergence of archaeology as a field-based discipline in the broader colonial, imperial and geopolitical context. The research of this project was conducted mainly at the Cyprus State Archives, the Greek and Roman Departmental Archives (British Museum), Dartmouth College Archives (NH). The first part of the thesis provides the theoretical framework in which this research is situated. Chapter 1 introduces the project, its research questions, its research questions and outcomes. Chapter 2 discusses the literature providing the main concepts that formed the arguments of this thesis. Chapter 3 contextualizes the diaspora of Cypriot antiquities within the broader history of archaeology and Chapter 4 overviews the methodology followed and the archival sources that were used for this project. The second part consists of my empirical work and maps the diaspora of the antiquities. It is thematically divided in three chapters. Chapter 5, Law, looks at the colonial and legal context of the excavation and exportation of the objects. Chapter 6, Excavation, discusses the every-day conduct of Cypriot archaeology in the field. Chapter 7, Circulation, examines the practices of collecting Cypriot antiquities, their exportation and circulation in metropolitan museums, and their display in museums (particularly in the British Museum). Chapter 8 brings the thesis into a conclusion and highlights the main findings and arguments of this project. The thesis explores the production, circulation and display of scientific knowledge regarding the ancient past of Cyprus by following the antiquities in their various forms (texts, impressions, photographs, objects). By following the objects’ social lives it addresses the issues of the circulation of scientific knowledge, of the criteria for asserting its authenticity and credibility and of the local/global nature of archaeological science. It will demonstrate that the methodological tenor of writing the objects’ biographies links the different scales of science’s making and illuminates its hidden stories, such as the practicalities of collecting in the field.
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Long, Shannon Rene. "PRESERVING, INTERPRETING, AND DISPLAYING MENTAL HEALTH HISTORY: ESTABLISHING THE PATTON STATE HOSPITAL MUSEUM AND ARCHIVE." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/209.
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There are few museums in the western half of the United States that provide an opportunity to educate the public about the history of mental health care. Recently, a mental health museum and archive of artifacts, photographs, and documents was established on the grounds of Patton State Hospital in Highland, California. The purpose of this paper is to reflect on the establishment of this museum and archive and to provide an account of the 125 year history of Patton State Hospital. Understanding the history of Patton provides an opportunity to understand the history of mental health care in the United States from the late 19th century to the present. The establishment of this museum and archive became a joint initiative between Patton and California State University, San Bernardino’s History Department in January 2014. The museum and archive are meant to provide an educational venue that will increase awareness of the plight of the mentally ill, decrease stigmatization of those afflicted with mental illness, and further efforts to improve the care of patients through preservation and display of the artifacts, photographs, and documents related to Patton’s history. The goal of this paper is to assist future public historians with the design and establishment of a museum and/or archive, be it related to mental health history or to projects with other themes, and to provide information to other mental health facilities that wish to establish their own museums.
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Cengel, Lauren Marie. "Making Meaning and Connections: A Study of the Interpretation and Education Practices for the Medieval Collection at the Cleveland Museum of Art." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1397568655.
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Thorn, Louise Elizabeth. "Knowledge transfer in action : a study in the selection and interpretation of themes from history of science scholarship for museum exhibition." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/11928.
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Hansson, Elisabeth. "Meningsskapande i utställningen : En komparativ etnografisk fallstudie av förskolegruppers multimodala kommunikation vid ett Naturhistoriskt museum och ett Science center." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik och didaktik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-132979.
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Som övergripande syfte vill denna studie undersöka hur två förskolegrupper kan meningsskapa i två olika utställningar genom att beskriva, analysera och jämföra dessa två förskolegruppers multimodala kommunikation vid utställningsbesök. Genom syftet vill denna studie ge ökad kunskap om multimodal kommunikation hos två förskolegrupper i två olika utställningar. I syftet ingår att studien önskar öka kunskapen om hur semiotiska resurser kan användas och vad som fokuseras genom språkbruk, som kommunikativa villkor för lärande i utställningar. Studien har en design av en komparativ etnografisk fallstudie. Videoinspelningar, MP-3 ljudinspelningar, deltagande observation och fältanteckningar har använts som instrument för datainsamling. Genom strategiska urval valdes 11 stycken treåriga förskolebarn och tre pedagoger för att besöka en utställning vid Naturhistoriska Museet och nio femåriga förskolebarn med två pedagoger for att besöka en utställning vid Tom Tits Experiment (science center). Det insamlade materialet transkriberades multimodalt och kunde därefter analyseras som text. Multimodal interaktionsanalys (Norris 2004, 2014) och ett språkbruksraster (Rostvall & West 2001) användes för analys. Resultatet visade markanta skillnader mellan utställningarna. Av den multimodala interaktionsanalysen visade utställningen vid ett science center en bredare användning av semiotiska resurser, då alla artefakters meningserbjudanden var både visuella och taktila, en del artefakter erbjöd även auditiva meningserbjudanden. Språkbruket i samma utställning var mycket varierat och barnen anmodade varandra. Slutsatsen blir av detta att förskolegruppernas a) meningsskapande villkoras av språkbruk och att b) om meningsskapandet ska ske i samarbete ökas den möjligheten dess mer symmetriska de sociala relationerna är.
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Clarke, Imogen. "Negotiating progress : promoting 'modern' physics in Britain, 1900-1940." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2012. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/negotiating-progress-promoting-modern-physics-in-britain-19001940(3a5174b1-438c-4f8f-a575-63326990ae13).html.
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The first four decades of the twentieth century was a period of rapid development in physics. The late nineteenth century discoveries of X-rays, Becquerel rays and subatomic particles had revealed new properties of matter, and the early twentieth century quantum and relativity theories added to the notion that the discipline was undergoing a fundamental change in thought and practice. Historians and scientists alike have retrospectively conceived of a sharp divide between nineteenth century and twentieth century physics, applying the terms ‘classical’ and ‘modern’ to distinguish between these two practices. However, recent scholarship has suggested that early twentieth century physicists did not see this divide as self-evident, and in fact were responsible for consciously constructing these categories and definitions. This thesis explores the creation of the terms ‘classical’ and ‘modern’ physics in Britain, and the physicists responsible. I consider how these terms were employed in ‘public’ arenas (lectures, books, newspapers, museums) influencing the wider reception of ‘modern’ physics. I consider not only the rhetorics employed by ‘modern’ physicists, but also those we would now consider to be ‘classical’, revealing a diverse range of potential definitions of ‘modern’ physics. Furthermore, even within the ‘modernists’ themselves, there was considerable disagreement over how their work was to be presented, as industrially applicable, or of value simply as intellectual knowledge in and of itself. There were also different notions of how scientific ‘progress’ should be portrayed, whether knowledge advanced through experimental refinement or theoretical work. Early twentieth century ‘modern’ physics appeared to discard long held theories, rejecting much of the discipline’s past. As such, physicists’ connection to the legacy of Newton was under threat. Furthermore, the instability of science more generally was revealed: if physicists had shown the old theories to be wrong, then why should the new ones be any different? This had severe implications as to how the public placed ‘trust’ in science. I explore how physicists carefully managed the ‘public’ transition from ‘classical’ to ‘modern’ physics, regaining public trust during a period of scientific ‘revolution’ and controversy.
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Potrafka, Zepher Benson. "Retroarchaeography: A Comprehensive Guide for the Field and the Laboratory." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1276627961.
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Parsons, Thad. "Science collection, exhibition, and display in public museums in Britain from World War Two through the 1960s." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2009. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:16cadaac-fb44-4edf-9063-d6ee6a9ffd09.
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Science and technology is regularly featured on radio, in newspapers, and on television, but most people only get firsthand exposure to ‘cutting-edge’ technologies in museums and other exhibitions. During this period, the Science Museum was the only permanent national presentation of science and technology. Thus, it is important to acknowledge the Museum’s history and the socio-political framework in which it operated. Understanding the delays in the Museum’s physical development is critical, as is understanding the gradual changes in the Museum’s educational provision, audience, and purpose. While the Museum was the main national exhibition space, the Festival of Britain in 1951 also provided a platform for the presentation of science and technology and was a statement of Britain’s place within the new post-War world. Specifically, within its narrative, the Festival addressed the relationship between the arts and the sciences and the influence of science and technology on daily life. Another example of the presentation of science was the quest for a planetarium in London - a story that involves the Science Museum, entrepreneurs, and Madame Tussauds. Comparing the Museum’s efforts with successful planetarium schemes isolates several of the Museum’s weaknesses - for example, the lack of consistent leadership and the lack of administrative and financial freedom - that are touched on throughout the work. Since most of this history is unknown, this work provides a fundamental basis for understanding the Museum’s current position, for making connections and comparisons that can apply to similar problems at other institutions, and for learning lessons from the struggles that can, in turn, be applied to other institutions.
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Eliasson, Pär. "Platsens blick : Vetenskapsakademien och den naturalhistoriska resan 1790-1840." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Humanistiska fakulteten, 1999. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-61313.
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The purpose of the present dissertation is to study the relationship between travel as a form of knowledge and the natural history pursued at the Royal Academy of Science during the period 1790-1840. Primarily, this dissertation deals with the perception of travel as a form of knowledge which existed at the Royal Swedish Academy of Science, though a number of selected journeys are used to illustrate the era's shifting perceptions on travel. Chapter One compares two variants of scientific travel, Linnean and Humboldtian. While the Linnean saw single objects, the Humboldtian saw "the whole" in the form of places. Places became the new study objects and the conditions reigning there were assumed to explain the special characteristics of the objects. This is what is implied by the "place's glance". Chapter Two provides an historical background to the subsequent debate about the theory and practice of scientific travel by scrutinizing works from the apodemic handbook genre. The purpose of apodemics was to make travel a method for the disciplined, systematic gathering of knowledge, which was achieved by organizing all aspects into categories.. In Chapter Three, the natural history of the day is understood as a multiplicity of research traditions with a common object of study - the specimens found in the three kingdoms of nature. A number of models of scientific collection which were applied by the Academy around 1800 are analyzed. The correspondent model using local amateur collectors is contrasted with the model of the travelling professional scientist. The greatest problem of the travel model was the "route problematic", engendering a haphazardness in the collection of facts and specimens. In Chapter Four, the relationship between travel and the theories of natural history of the age is investigated through a case study of Göran Wahlenberg's travels in 1800-1810. As a result of the insights Wahlenberg achieved during his travels in the mountain regions of the land, the new botanical sub- discipline of plant geography was established. This demanded travel, since it was based on observations of the plants' spatial relationships to one another and measurements of other specific spatial phenomena, such as climate. Wahlenberg saw complex, multifacetted aggregates of plants and vegetation, where the Linnean only discerned separate species. Herein lies the meaning of the "place's glance". Chapter Five analyzes the botanical journeys undertaken by the Academy between 1820 (when a travel grant was instituted) and 1840. Patriotic and utilitarian arguments for domestic travel combined with their results lent scientific travel a new status at the Academy. Chapter Six deals with zoological travel during the same period. The main figures are the curators of the Swedish Museum of Natural History, J. W. Dalman and B. F. Fries, who formulated the zoological travel policy of the Academy. The needs of the museum dictated that the travellers focus on Sweden and Scandinavia, primarily the "Western seaboard", which included Bohuslän and the Norwegian Atlantic coast, and Norrland. The specific needs of marine biology forced Fries to develop new travel practices. Fries' establishment of a provisional research station for year-round zoological research was an important historical breakthrough. His idea of outfitting sea-going vessels as mobile research stations also prefigures the future development of polar travel later in the century.digitalisering@umu
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Harmon, Amanda Lauren Leslie. "Herbarium Collections Management Internship." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1524744021639645.
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Yocco, Victor Samuel. "Exploring the Effects of Communication Framed by Environmental Concern in Informal Science Education Contexts." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1284688743.
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Hedqvist, Eric. "Varats och utvecklingens kedja : en naturhistorisk museiutställning i Göteborg 1923-1968." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kultur- och medievetenskaper, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-18922.
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This dissertation is a museological study of the coming into being of a natural history museum, its building and its adherent zoological exhibition during the years around the First World War. The main problem of the dissertation is the opposition between the curator´s program 1903 for the exhibit and its realization twenty years later. The theoretical perspective is that in its synchronic aspect science, in accordance with the views of swedish sociologist, Thomas Brante, is divided into three levels interdependent upon one another in varying degrees – theoretical, sociological and psychological level. In the present study, the main issue is the weighing of the relative significance of each of these levels. The exhibit was structured as along a scale, or chain, from lesser to greater animals. In this and in other respects it belonged to the legacy of Swedish naturalist Carolus Linnæus. Interest in maintaining this tradition was powerful in the Swedish society during the years before the First World War. Not until around 1950 was the modern theory of evolution explicitly announced to the visitor of the exhibit, still however without the representation of the forces behind it By an investigation of the milieu to which the museum belonged is shed light upon the scientific and other ideals which are represented in its exhibit. The result of an assess of the significance of the theoretical, the sociological ant the psychological level is that contemporay theory does not stand out as a driving force behind the creation of the exhibit in 1923. Nor does the curator of the exhibition emerge as an innovator. Most dominant is however the sociological level.avhandlingen framlägges för disputation i ämnet museologi
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Veiga, Verine Stochi. "Elias Ashmole e suas contribuições para a divulgação da ciência durante o século XVII." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2016. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13322.
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Previous issue date: 2016-02-17Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
In the 17th century, museums became spaces that reflected the new scientific ideas, particularly the ones of Lord Bacon and his 'Solomon's House'. As a result, not only collections of curiosities and antiques, but also libraries, laboratories, gardens and classrooms became a part of such new spaces devoted to the arts, techniques and science. One illustrative example is the Ashmolean Museum, which was created in Oxford University in 1683 based on the plans and collections of Elias Ashmole, an antiquarian and Fellow of the Royal Society. The present study sought to demonstrate that the connection of Ashmole to the contemporary English science played a major role in the creation of the Ashmolean Museum
No século XVII, os museus foram transformados em espaços que refletiam as novas ideias da ciência, especialmente as de Lord Bacon e sua Casa de Salomão . Dessa forma, não só coleções de raridades e antiguidades, mas bibliotecas, laboratório, jardins e salas de aula passaram a fazer parte desses novos espaços dedicados à arte, à técnica e à ciência. Um exemplo disso seria o Museu Ashmoleano, fundado em 1683, na Universidade de Oxford, a partir dos planos e coleções do antiquarista e membro da Royal Society de Londres, Elias Ashmole. Nesta dissertação, pretende-se demonstrar que os vínculos de Elias Ashmole com a ciência inglesa do período tiveram um papel fundamental para a constituição do Museu Ashmoleano
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Smith, Lauren. "The Politics of the Visitor Experience: Remembering Slavery at Museums and Plantations." Ohio University Art and Sciences Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouashonors1587733890900649.
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Liu, Ariel. "The relationship between engagement and learning in school students' interactions with technology-driven multimodal exhibits in museums." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5c8405d5-a834-4b0f-b160-56c988f452f8.
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This thesis reports a qualitative study of the use of multimodal technologies in museums— specifically, it examines the relationship between visitor engagement and learning, focusing on the use of multimodal technologies during school trips. The study was conducted in the Natural History Museum and the Churchill Museum, both in London, with participants from several secondary schools. These sites were chosen due to their concern for the added value of learning and public engagement, including their education-orientated investments in technology, museum activities, and architecture. In the course of data collection, visits were made to six schools and both museum sites; the participants included 117 students, 18 teachers, three museum educators, and eight museum curators and media designers. The study used a combination of video data analysis, stimulated recall interviews, document analysis, and engaging students in talk and reflection about their visit both at the museum and afterwards. The qualitative approach and multimodal analysis identify how the students’ social interactions help them construct learning through decontextualised bodily movements, which trigger contextualised discussion. The study demonstrates how multimodal analysis can be used in research to capture a wide scope of information, while maintaining a micro-level of analysis and understanding—here, capturing the detail of students’ interactions and perceptions. The findings suggest that the learning experience in museums is produced through multiple layers of interaction and through the exchange of physical and psychological behaviour among people, resources, and space. Here, the multimodal technologies with which the students engaged essentially acted as initial platforms for sensory stimuli and social interaction, supporting their peer communication and motivating them to further explore both the given topic and their own understanding of their learning methods. It was the students’ further conversation, observation, and participation, however, that created a more meaningful and entertaining learning experience in the museums.
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Holmström, Josefin. "Den psykiatriska vårdens svåra kulturarv : En undersökning om hur en före detta institutionsbyggnad med byggår 1757 - idag Vadstena Hospitalsmuseet - representeras och påverkar dagens förståelse av psykisk ohälsa." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Konstvetenskapliga institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-448825.
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What values does a state notable building express when it not only represents prosperity values but also carries burdensome memories from people's lives? In what ways does the preservation of a former madhouse/mental hospital affect our understanding of the field of mental illness? This essay intends to research a former mental hospital, located in the city of Vadstena in Sweden, which today operates as a hospital museum. In this study the old mental hospital has been defined as a difficult cultural heritage. Through an architectural analysis of the building together with literature studies from previous work within cultural heritage the study aims to understand how the site today contributes and affects our understanding of mental illness and care. By examining our past from a distinctive perspective the study shows how Vadstena Hospital Museum today plays a significant role in how the psychiatric historical representation is treated and experienced today. Through difficult and complex cultural heritage humans' less desirable actions and events have the opportunity to be seen, heard, felt and discussed from a different perspective.
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Marcinkowski, Michal. "Contextualization of Autonomous Spaceflight Operations for deep space planetary encounters." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Medie- och Informationsteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-146273.
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This work concerns the research and application of data visualization techniques to depict ongoing activities in mankinds investigation of space as part of a larger open-source visualization- and science-outreach software known as OpenSpace. It involves the construction of a physically accurate virtual environment of our local star group and solar system so as to facilitate development of a robust and generalized solution capable of articulating mission-science to its viewers. The research part is focused on deploying data visualization methods suitable for contextualizing scientific findings towards the general public in a pedagogical manner, with the end goal to provide a fully operational New Horizons visualization on the day of encounter with Pluto for the first public broadcast of OpenSpace across the globe.
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Nazerian, Simon. "Kan strålar av ljus tyda det förflutna? : Användning av Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) för att tyda runinskrifter på Pireus-lejonet." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Arkeologiska forskningslaboratoriet, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-100721.
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This paper deals with testing the method Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) on the copy of the Piraeus-lion in Historic Museum in Stockholm. The purpose is to find out if it is possible to gather more information about the runic inscriptions. RTI is a method that records the surface normal of individual pixels in a digital photograph by analyzing the impact of light coming from different angles of entrance. RTI produces sort of a 3D-image of the object. There will be an overview of earlier interpretations of the runic scripts written on the lion as well as an overview of Varangians in the southeast. After examination of the lion with RTI, has a conclusion been made that the method should be performed again on similar items, and on the copy of the Piraeus-lion to evaluate its full potential.
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Moore, Alahna. "Using Digital Mapping Techniques to Rapidly Document Vulnerable Historical Landscapes in Coastal Louisiana: Holt Cemetery Case Study." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2018. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2477.
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This thesis outlines a technique for rapid documentation of historic sites in volatile cultural landscapes. Using Holt Cemetery as an exemplary case study, a workflow was developed incorporating RTK terrain survey, UAS aerial imagery, photogrammetry, GIS, and smartphone data collection in order to create a multifaceted database of the material and spatial conditions, as well as the patterns of use, that exist at the cemetery.
The purpose of this research is to create a framework for improving the speed of data creation and increasing the accessibility of information regarding threatened cultural resources. It is intended that these processes can be scaled and adapted for use at any site, and that the products generated can be utilized by researchers, resource management professionals, and preservationists. In utilizing expedited methods, this thesis specifically advocates for documentation of sites that exist in coastal environments and are facing imminent destruction due to environmental degradation.
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Edmundson, Joshua R. "THE ONE EXHIBITION THE ROOTS OF THE LGBT EQUALITY MOVEMENT ONE MAGAZINE & THE FIRST GAY SUPREME COURT CASE IN U.S. HISTORY 1943-1958." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/399.
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The ONE Exhibition explores an era in American history marked by intense government sponsored anti-gay persecution and the genesis of the LGBT equality movement. The study begins during World War II, continues through the McCarthy era and the founding of the nation’s first gay magazine, and ends in 1958 with the first gay Supreme Court case in U.S. history.
Central to the story is ONE The Homosexual Magazine, and its founders, as they embarked on a quest for LGBT equality by establishing the first ongoing nationwide forum for gay people in the U.S., and challenged the government’s right to engage in and encourage hateful and discriminatory practices against the LGBT community. Then, when the magazine was banned by the Post Office, the editors and staff took the federal government to court. As such, ONE, Incorporated v. Olesen became the first Supreme Court case in U.S. history that featured the taboo subject of homosexuality, and secured the 1st Amendment right to freedom of speech for the gay press. Thus, ONE magazine and its founders were an integral part of a small group of activists who established the foundations of the modern LGBT equality movement.
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Wenhold, Martin Werner. "The sense/sensation of space : a Railway Science, Technology and History Museum." Diss., 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26842.
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The development of station design provided new dimensions to both the sense and sensation of space. This is to be recaptured in the design of the museum, which requires obtaining an understanding of the influence, implications and impact railway stations and their supporting infrastructure had on architecture, the cityscape and the urban fabric, due to their large size, area and enclosed volume. Station design has contributed to modern design through the need to satisfy the uninterrupted, free-space enclosure of large volumes, necessitating progress in the knowledge of the structural application of the new materials discovered during the Industrial Revolution from which the modern architect is still benefiting. The impact of stations in these three mentioned fields furthermore had an indirect impact on society. The determination of all these influences by stations and their design will form the research subject of this dissertation.Dissertation (MArch(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2008.
Architecture
unrestricted
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Yi-chun, Liu, and 劉憶諄. "The research of the collecting in the natural history museum : an example of the National Museum of Natural Science." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/45549714899625212131.
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碩士臺南藝術學院
博物館學研究所
88
In view of the emphasis on the audience, and the strength of the exhibition, a new interpretation of the museum's collecting appears. AAM (American Association of Museums) has reviewed the definition of "museum" and agree that museums without collections such as science centers, botanical gardens, and historic sites are included. Besides, affected by the postmodernism, there are many criticisms about museums. One of these criticisms is that museums are considered as a place that people practice their power in society, and an area that people perform their control to the world. In this perception, collecting is the first work to achieve this aim. In natural history museum, curators choose specimens and artifacts, classify, identify, name, and administrate those specimens and artifacts under collection policy. In other word, museums collect objects systematically. This research is studied on the natural history museum by the method of ethnological fieldwork. Choosing the National Museum of Natural Science (NMNS) as my case study. I participated in the NMNS with playing the role of a part-time assistant of a temporary exhibit plan, and observed, interviewed staffs in the NMNS to realize the work of the natural history museum, and the interaction with their society. After my fieldwork, I found that although the natural history museum contracts all aspects of its collection policy, engages professional curators, and provides sufficient facilities and environment to promote their collecting, it still can not implement completely their scheme. These difference between the plan and the reality is not only affected by the individual's operation, but also by the culture. If it is put on the analysis of collecting by Baudrillard, I can furthermore realize that the desire of people control to the world can not practice completely. The reason of failing to achieve people's desire can be explained through three aspects. They are governing body, the actual management structure in the museum, and the actual operators in the museum. Their relation is not single, or absolutely from the upper to the lower strata. In the NMNS, the most important factor of practicing its collecting is that acknowledge on profession of museums in the society. This kind of acknowledge is created by the cultivation of the society, and affected from the uppermost stratum of the political power to the director of the museum, and to the basic staff of collecting departments. Extremely, sometimes this influence is from other departments in the museum. In a word, there is no best model of museums collecting operation, because the museum's collecting work is related deeply with the culture of the society where the museum exists.
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Ridley, Henriette. "The KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Museum Service, 1974-1995 : a brief history." Thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/5725.
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The Natal Provincial Museum Ordinance, No. 26 of 1973, made provision for the establishment, control and management of museums and art galleries in KwaZulu-Natal by the Provincial Administration. A museum service was created to provide technical and professional assistance to those museums which are affiliated to the Service. Twenty-one years later, museums in general, including those in KwaZulu-Natal, are discussing a restructuring of museums and policies. A new national policy for museums in South Africa
is envisaged within the foreseeable future. This will effect the museums in KwaZulu-Natal. The development of the KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Museum Service has never been fully documented. As it is possible that the
Museum Service in its present form might change, the author considered it relevant to research the development of the Service since its inception in 1974. Unpublished documents formed the bulk of the material used for
the study. This includes minutes of the Museum Service Advisory Board; minutes of affiliated museum committee meetings; unpublished reports; memoranda and letters. The official legislation relating to the Museum Service, as well as resolutions taken by the Executive Committee of the Province of KwaZulu-Natal, were studied. In some instances, the author
used personal knowledge gained while working at Museum Service, to augment written sources. Verbal communications with Museum Service staff members and individual curators also provided information. The findings of the study clearly show that the problems experienced in 1985, i.e. too few staff and too little money in relation to the number of affiliated museums, are still experienced. The service which Museum Service provides is of a high quality, but the delay in providing displays to affiliated museums or upgrading the displays that have been mounted, is a problem. The Restoration Section is also in need of more staff, including apprentices who can be taught the techniques of restoration. These problems will become more serious as the Service starts supplying museum services to the rural and disadvantaged areas of KwaZulu-Natal. However, these problems can be overcome if funding is increased and more staff are appointed. The Service has the infrastructure and know-how to provide a valuable service to the museums of KwaZulu-Natal. The study was significant in that it documented the past history of the Museum Service and showed, not withstanding the problems the Service has experienced, what has been achieved in the twenty-one years of its existence. The valuable foundation which has been laid should serve as an inspiration
for the future.Thesis (M.I.S.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 1997.
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Kuo, Jui-Kun, and 郭瑞坤. "Desiring ‘Modernity’: The History, Politics and Social Organization of a Science Museum in Taiwan." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84770774250921292891.
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博士國立清華大學
社會學研究所
100
It is common to see a complete transplantation of culture and apparatus of western modernity for developing countries in the midst of modernization. Since 1970s, the state had started to construct a series of cultural facilities and museums to demonstrate a new kind of social and cultural governance. In this wave of museum movement, Taiwan had no exception but constructed a modern science museum which became a rare success as in its popularity. Why and how this modern museum trend emerged in Taiwan, and the role science played in this kind of museum had involved with a complicated and conflicting social, epistemic, and cultural process. Some events occurred in National Museum of Natural Science (NMNS) in recent years, such as the controversy of the renaming of Chinese Science and Technology exhibition, the controversy of “Body Worlds” exhibitions, Wollemi Pine events. Those events have reflected a contradictory situation derived from the museum professionals’ knowledge , values, and the surroundings, which I called as a regime of “avoiding risk” of museum. The emergence and transition of museum have been a topic in museology and anthropology. However, there is no further analysis about the history of social governance of Taiwanese museums. This thesis is intended to trace the historical and political process of the regime of quasi-populist and ‘avoiding-risks’ institution of modern museums. The first part of the thesis is to analyze the cultural policies in the post-war Taiwan: how did the cultural policies evolved from traditional Chinese ideology to a cultural politics embracing modern science and arts? Through the discourse, on-the-spot- investigation and practice of the science museum in the emerging process of NMNS, we could find the planning team and the state had jointly created a new rationale in the transitional period of authoritarian regime. Behind the mass visiting in the opening period of NMNS, the scientific and cultural production of the museum was also connected to the quasi-populist political rationality of late authoritarian regime. The second part shifts the focus to the exhibition controversies in the museum. Through the perspectives of social construction on scientific controversies, it depicts how a science museum deals with the controversy by the cooperation and boundary work originated from the work organization of the museum. The museum also eliminated the differences and translated the interest of the competitors to avoid risks that came along with the controversies. Based on the case study of this science museum, this thesis points out that due to its logic of self-organization and boundary work, the museum had inclined to exclude the unscientific and irrational sides from the controversies when it faced obstacles and controversies. This logic of practice had made museums rid of political and management crisis as well as uncertain risks, which made its social reputation move towards the credibility of market rationality. However, this rationale constrained the social imagination of science museums. In the end, this thesis intends to advocate the possibility for Taiwanese museums to become a public sphere with its knowledge paradigm and positive advice.
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Li, Chia-Ming, and 李嘉明. "Studying on the Primary School Students Toward the Outside Services of Natural History Museum--An Example of Chiayi County Natural History Museum of Natural Science Education Center." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7e7fm9.
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碩士南華大學
資訊管理學系
103
This study aimed to study on the primary school students’ attitude, satisfaction and effectiveness toward the outside services of museum. The main objects of this study are primary school students who were involved in the outside services of museum. 650 samples were obtained. Descriptive statistics, independent sample T-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson Product-Moment Correlation, and Simple Linear Regression are used for data analysis. The research results were described as follows： 1.There was a significant impact of some statistical population variables on attitude,satisfaction and effectiveness of the outside services of museum.“Grade”, “school districts” and “we are interested in the natural sciences ” in the attitude show a significant difference. “Grade”, “school districts”, “we are interested in the natural sciences” and “did/did not participate in the outside services of museum” in the satisfaction show a significant difference. “School districts”, “we are interested in the natural sciences” and “did/did not participate in the outside services of museum” in the effectiveness of the outside services of museum show a significant difference. 2. Attitude and satisfaction of the outside services of museum revealed positively correlated, attitude and the effectiveness of the outside services of museum revealed positively correlated, satisfaction and the effectiveness of the outside services of museum revealed positively correlated.
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Yanni, Carla. "Building natural history constructions of nature in British Victorian architecture and architectural theory /." 1994. http://books.google.com/books?id=sDBUAAAAMAAJ.
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Rodrigues, Beatriz Maria Barata. "From Production to Preservation: Hand-Painted Magic Lantern Slides from the National Museum of Natural History and Science." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/93760.
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The present work arises as part of the first systematic investigation on hand-painted magic lantern glass slides resorting to multi-analytical techniques combined with critical analysis of historical written sources on the painting materials and techniques used to produce them. The magic lantern was an optical instrument, used to project images from the seventeenth to the twentieth centuries, that attained great success with high impact on entertainment, science, religion and advertisement.
In the framework of this work, five hand-painted magic lantern glass slides from the National Museum of Natural History and Science (University of Lisbon) were studied. The glass support, the colourants and organic media were characterised.
The glass was analysed by Micro-Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence, and the oxide quantification unveiled that the glass belongs to the soda-lime silicate type and was possibly produced between 1870 and 1930 in England. Additionally, considering the standardized size of the slides and the similarity of the subjects represented with other English slides from the nineteenth century, it was possible to narrow the production period of this collection between 1870 and 1900.
Ultraviolet-Visible, Micro-Raman and Micro-Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopies allowed the characterisation of the colourants. The colour palette is composed of Prussian blue, an anthraquinone red lake pigment of animal origin (such as cochineal carmine), an organic yellow whose identification was not yet possible and a carbon-based black pigment. The remaining colours – green, purple and brown – were achieved by mixing the pure pigments. Through infrared analysis, a terpenoid resin such as shellac was identified. The detection of metal carboxylates was essential to assess the state of conservation of the paints.
The identification of the main risks that might endanger the collection in study was made, as well as a risk assessment scale. Preventive conservation guidelines were proposed taking into consideration the literature on the preservation of the different materials that compose the magic lantern slides, as well as the results of surveys submitted to national and international museums that hold similar collections.
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"Museum Networks: The Exchange of the Smithsonian Institution's Duplicate Anthropology Collections." Doctoral diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.25179.
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abstract: This dissertation examines a practice of scientific museums in the 19th and early 20th centuries: the exchange of their duplicate specimens. Specimen exchange facilitated the rise of universal museums while creating a transnational network through which objects, knowledge, and museum practitioners circulated. My primary focus concerns the exchange of anthropological duplicate specimens at the Smithsonian Institution from 1880 to 1920. Specimen exchange was implemented as a strategic measure to quell the growth of scientific collections curated by the Smithsonian prior garnering to the broad political support needed to fund a national museum. My analysis examines how its practice was connected to both anthropological knowledge production, particularly in terms of diversifying the scope of museum collections, and knowledge dissemination. The latter includes an examination of how anthropological duplicates were used to illustrate competing explanations of culture change and generate interest in anthropological subject matter for non-specialist audiences. I examine the influence of natural history classification systems on museum-based anthropology by analyzing how the notion of duplicate was applied to collections of material culture. As the movement of museum objects are of particular concern to anthropologists involved in repatriation practices, I use specimen exchange to demonstrate that while keeping objects is a definitive function of the museum, an understanding of why and how museum objects have been kept or not kept in the past, particularly in terms of the intentions and value systems of curators, is critical in developing an ethically oriented dialogue about disposition of museum objects in the future.Dissertation/Thesis
Ph.D. Anthropology 2014
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Hammond-Todd, Michael Andrew. "Mobile interpretive apps as educational mediating tools in science education: participant-based digital design in natural history and science museums." Thesis, 2018. https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/9967.
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The use of mobile and social learning media for K-12 students continues to rapidly increase in both formal and informal learning environments. While many educational apps have been developed for adult visitors to museums and science and technology centres (STCs), very few programs exist that are specifically designed to meet the unique learning and interpretive needs of elementary students in these learning environments. This dissertation explores the inclusion and development of children’s ideas and digitally mediated interpretive activities for peers within the exhibits of the natural history gallery at the Royal British Columbia Museum (RBCM) in Victoria, British Columbia. In this triangulated case study, thirteen Grade 4 and 5 students, five museum interpreters, and six elementary teachers worked in teams to design educational apps for their peers using experimental software specifically designed for this project. Five design teams composed of 2-3 students, one teacher, and a museum educator designed a wide variety of science activities for the natural history gallery at the RBCM. The results of analytic triangulation indicate that mobile interpretive apps acted as imperfect but important educational mediating tools for the participants in this study. The analysis revealed that, despite initial preconceptions and frustrations students and educators had about mobile design and technologies, Grade 4 and 5 elementary students were capable and highly interested creating mobile science apps for the natural history galleries at RBCM. Students and educators designed content and activities that extended participant-based learning opportunities beyond the existing science programs and curriculum currently available at the RBCM. The dissertation concludes with an examination of how informal science institutions can move beyond educational interactivity to more participatory frameworks that include the ideas and voices of young people within mobile learning and educational app development at natural history museums and STCs in the future.Graduate
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Atalaya, Marina Estela de Magalhães Abreu Oliveira. "Preventive Conservation applied to the Mineralogical Collection of the National Museum of Natural History and Science of the University of Lisbon." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/118388.
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As coleções de minerais fazem parte do nosso património cultural. Neste trabalho de investigação
foi aplicada uma metodologia de conservação preventiva à Coleção de Mineralogia do Museu
Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência da Universidade de Lisboa (MUHNAC-ULisboa)
(Portugal). A metodologia envolveu a caracterização do edifício, da coleção em reserva e
exposição, a análise da classificação sistemática, a atribuição de características especiais a
minerais, o levantamento do estado de conservação e a determinação das condições ambientais
em ambas as salas.
As classes de minerais mais abundantes representadas na coleção em estudo são os silicatos, os
sulfuretos e sulfossais. A atribuição de características especiais compreende os minerais sensíveis
à luz, sensíveis à humidade relativa, potencialmente tóxicos, amianto e radioativos, sendo que os
minerais sensíveis à luz apresentam a maior percentagem (13,6%) e os minerais de amianto a
menor percentagem (1,1%).
A aplicação do modelo Cultural Property Risk Analysis (CPRAM) permitiu a avaliação de risco para
a coleção, bem como a proposta de estratégias para mitigar os riscos específicos identificados.
Os principais riscos genéricos identificados na reserva são as Forças físicas, Fogo e Humidade
relativa incorreta. Enquanto que na exposição verificou-se que os possíveis maiores riscos estão
relacionados com Forças físicas, Fogo, Poluentes, Luz e Humidade relativa incorreta. Os principais
minerais em risco são os minerais com estruturas de cristais projetados, minerais sensíveis à luz
e pirites/marcassites.
O estudo trata ainda os minerais potencialmente perigosos existentes na coleção de minerais, tais
como os minerais potencialmente tóxicos, amianto e radioativos. Estes minerais foram
identificados, fotografados, etiquetados e encapsulados. Foi realizada também uma avaliação de
risco dos minerais de amianto e radioativos. E, por fim, foram propostos procedimentos de
segurança e saúde para o manuseamento destes minerais.Mineral collections are part of our cultural heritage. In this work, a preventive conservation methodology was applied to the Mineralogical Collection of the National Museum of Natural History and Science of the University of Lisbon (MUHNAC-ULisboa), (Portugal). The methodology involved the characterization of MUHNAC’s building, mineral collection in storage and exhibition, classification system analysis, attribution of special mineral characteristics, condition survey and determination of environmental conditions in both rooms. Silicates, sulphides and sulfosalts were found to be the most abundant mineral classes represented in the collection. The special mineral characteristics attribution comprises light-sensitive minerals, RH-sensitive minerals, potentially toxic, asbestos, and radioactive. The light-sensitive minerals present the highest percentage (13,6%), while asbestos present the lowest percentage (1,1%). The application of the Cultural Property Risk Analysis (CPRAM) model made it possible to conduct a risk assessment for this collection, as well as to propose mitigation strategies to the specific risks identified. The main generic risks found in storage were Physical forces, Fire, and Incorrect relative humidity. While on display the highest risks are related to Physical forces, Fire, Pollutants, Light, and Incorrect relative humidity. The main mineralogical specimens at risk of being loss are those with projecting crystal structures, light-sensitive minerals and pyrite/marcasite minerals. The study also discusses hazardous specimens in the mineral collection, such as potentially toxic, asbestos, and radioactive. These minerals were identified, photograph, labelled and encapsulated. Risk assessments of asbestos and radioactive minerals were conducted. Health and safety procedures for handling these minerals have been established.
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"From State Exposition Building to Science Center: Changing Ideals of Progress in Los Angeles, 1873-1992." Doctoral diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.51623.
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abstract: Los Angeles long served as a center of technological and scientific innovation and production, from nineteenth-century agriculture to twentieth-century aerospace. City boosters used spectacle-filled promotional strategies to build and maintain technological supremacy through industry. Evaluating the city’s premier industry-focused science museum, the California Science Center, is therefore a must. The California Science Center is one of the most-visited museums in the United States and is in the historic Exposition Park. Yet, no thorough analysis has been done on its influential history. This dissertation is an interdisciplinary study of the California Science Center, from its 1870s beginnings as an agricultural fairground, to the construction of the world’s fair-inspired State Exposition Building in the 1910s, to its post-World War II redesign as the California Museum of Science and Industry. It uses regional history, design history, and museum studies to evaluate the people behind the museum’s construction and development, how they shaped exhibits, and the ideologies of progress they presented to the public. This dissertation builds on established historical components in Los Angeles’ image-making, primarily boosterism, spectacular display, and racism. The museum operated as part of the booster apparatus. Influential residents constructed Exposition Park and served on the museum board. In its earliest days, exhibits presented Anglo Los Angeles as a civilizing force through scientific farming. During the Cold War, boosters shifted to promote Los Angeles as a mecca of modern living, and the museum presented technology as safe and necessary to democracy. Local industries and designers featured centrally in this narrative. Boosters also used spectacle to ensure impact. Dioramas, Hollywood special effects, and simulated interactive experiences enticed visitors to return again and again. Meanwhile, non-white residents either became romanticized, as in the case of the Mexican Californios, or ignored, as seen in the museum’s surrounding neighborhood, primarily-African American, South Central. Anglo elites removed non-whites from the city’s narrative of progress. Ultimately, this dissertation shows that the museum communicated city leaders’ ideologies of progress and dictated exhibit narratives. This study adds nuance to image-making in Los Angeles, as well as furthering regional analysis of science museums in the United States.Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation History 2018
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Nogueira, Hérika Lorena Cavalcante. "Design thinking em museus: um exercício no Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/18428.
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O objetivo desta dissertação é investigar as possíveis contribuições do "design thinking" para a
prática e gestão museais. Primeiramente, buscou-se apresentar as características da prática e da
gestão desenvolvida nos museus, identificando as transformações ocorridas na atuação dos
museus que cuminaram com o reconhecimento do forte caráter social dessas instituições. Em
seguida, apresentou-se a metodologia de "design thinking" proposta pela "d.school" de Stanford,
visto a sua aplicação em diversos museus e instituições afins. E, finalmente, buscou-se
apresentar e analisar o processo de aplicação prática do "design thinking" no Museu Nacional de
História Natural e da Ciência de Lisboa. A metodologia utilizada abrangeu a pesquisa
bibliográfica, a observação direta e participante, valendo-se também da realização de
entrevistas com os atores envolvidos na experimentação do "design thinking". Com base nos
dados apresentados e nas análises feitas, tem-se que o "design thinking", por ser um processo para
a inovação centrado no ser humano, representa uma alternativa para o desenvolvimento de uma
prática e gestão museais mais colaborativas, humanas e reflexivas.The purpose of this dissertation is to investigate the possible contributions of design thinking to the practice and management of museums. Firstly, it was tried to present the characteristics of the practice and the management developed in the museums, identifying the transformations occurred in the performance of the museums that lead to the recognition of the strong social character of these institutions. Next, the methodology of design thinking proposed by the d.school of Stanford was presented, since its application in several museums and similar institutions. And, finally, it sought to present and analyze the process of practical application of design thinking in the National Museum of Natural History and Science of Lisbon. The methodology used included bibliographic research, direct and participant observations, also using interviews with the actors involved in the experimentation of design thinking. Based on the data presented and the analyzes made, it is believed that design thinking, as a human-centered process for innovation, represents an alternative for the development of a more collaborative, human-centered and reflexive museum practice and management.
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Pereira, Filipa Noronha Falcão Teotónio. "Público(s) do Museu Nacional de História Natural e da Ciência." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/15592.
Full textAbstract:
Esta dissertação insere-se no ramo de Gestão Cultural do Mestrado em Empreendedorismo
e Estudos da Cultura e tem como foco principal os públicos do Museu Nacional de História
Natural e da Ciência (MUHNAC). Os objetivos desta investigação são, por um lado, a
caracterização destes públicos, nacionais e estrangeiros, através dos dados sociográficos e
da relação prévia existente entre os visitantes do museu e, por outro lado, enquadrar
empiricamente a visita nos contextos físico, temporal e social, bem como compreender as
motivações, as expetativas e a avaliação feita pelos visitantes relativamente à visita ao museu
em estudo. Como método de recolha de informação foi utilizado o inquérito por questionário
autoadministrado que estava disponível em dois idiomas (português e inglês), como forma de
alcançar o maior número de visitantes possível para que os resultados fossem representativos
da realidade.
Os principais resultados revelam que se trata de um público maioritariamente feminino, jovem,
com um grau de escolaridade elevado. Verifica-se que uma grande parte dos visitantes, visita
o MUHNAC pela primeira vez, sendo por isso considerados, Estreantes. A maior parte dos
públicos afirma estar satisfeito com a visita que realizou ao museu e mostra uma intenção de
repetir a visita.This dissertation is part of the Cultural Management branch of the Master's Degree in Entrepreneurship and Culture Studies and has as main focus the public of the National Museum of Natural History and Science (MUHNAC). The purpose of this research is, on the one hand, the characterization of these national and foreign audiences through sociographic data and the previous relationship existing among museum visitors and, on the other hand, to empirically frame the visit in the physical, temporal and social contexts, as well as to understand the motivations, the expectations and the evaluation made by the visitors regarding the visit to this museum. As a method of collecting information, a self-administered questionnaire survey was used, which was available in two languages (in Portuguese and in English) in order to reach as many visitors as possible so that the results were representative of reality. The main results show that the visitors is mostly female, young and with a high schooling level. It is verified that a great part of the visitors, visits the MUHNAC for the first time. The majority of the visitors claims to be satisfied with the visit to the museum and shows an intention to repeat it.
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Stantina, Céline M. "Du pont du baleinier aux laboratoires du Muséum : circulation des objets et savoirs marins à la fin du XVIIIe siècle en France." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22034.
Full text
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Costa, Rita Daniela Cordeiro Paiva. "Luís de Carvalho e as coleções de zoologia legadas à Universidade de Coimbra em finais do séc. XIX." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/81917.
Full textAbstract:
Dissertação de Mestrado em Património Cultural e Museologia apresentada à Faculdade de LetrasDissertação de Mestrado em Património Cultural e Museologia de Rita Daniela Cordeiro Paiva Costa - LUÍS DE CARVALHO E AS COLEÇÕES DE ZOOLOGIA LEGADAS À UNIVERSIDADE DE COIMBRA EM FINAIS DO SÉC. XIX - Em 1898, o brasileiro Luís de Carvalho deixou em testamento as suas coleções de objetos naturais à Universidade de Coimbra. Era um legado bastante diversificado, compreendendo coleções de insetos, aves, répteis, conchas, sementes, madeiras, objetos em álcool e outras curiosidades naturais, guardadas em armários próprios. Hoje, no Museu da Ciência da Universidade, que acolhe estas coleções, muito pouca informação existe acerca de Luís de Carvalho para além do seu nome e da relação familiar que detinha com um primo bastante mais famoso, António Augusto Carvalho Monteiro, conhecido por “Carvalho dos Milhões”, que também no Museu tem coleções. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi a pesquisa da vida do homem e do colecionador, tentando encontrar, ao mesmo tempo, interesses, continuidades e relações que possam elucidar sobre o início e o desenvolvimento das suas coleções e o legado que decidiu, conscientemente, deixar à Universidade. No fim, sem dúvida, este trabalho é também o pagamento de uma dívida de memória e homenagem que a Universidade de Coimbra deve a este benemérito, que entregou ao Museu as suas possessões mais prezadas para serem protegidas e apreciadas por todos e para sempre. Palavras-chave: Luís de Carvalho (1839-1898); Universidade de Coimbra; Museu da Ciência; Coleções de História Natural; Século XIX; Brasil.
Dissertação de Mestrado em Património Cultural e Museologia de Rita Daniela Cordeiro Paiva Costa -LUÍS DE CARVALHO E AS COLEÇÕES DE ZOOLOGIA LEGADAS À UNIVERSIDADE DE COIMBRA EM FINAIS DO SÉC. XIX - In 1898, the Brazilian Luís de Carvalho left in his will his collections of natural objects to the University of Coimbra. It was a very diverse lot comprising of collections of insects, birds, reptiles, shells, seeds, woods, objects in alcohol and other natural curiosities that came with their own wooden cabinets. Today, in the Museum of Science of the University, that holds its collections, very few things are known about Luís de Carvalho apart from his name, along with his familiar relation to a much more famous cousin, António Augusto Carvalho Monteiro, branded “Carvalho dos Milhões”, which also has collections in the Museum. The purpose of the present work was the research of the life of the man and the collector, trying to find, at the same time, interests, continuities and connections that could elucidate the making and the development of his collections and the legacy he decided, consciously, to leave to the University. At the end, no doubt, this work is also the payment of a debt of remembrance that the University of Coimbra owns to this benefactor, who gave to the museum its most beloved possessions to be kept and be appreciated by all forever. Palavras-chave: Luís de Carvalho (1839-1898); University of Coimbra; Science Museum; Natural History Collections; 19th Century; Brazil.